2088:"Book Reviews : VASUDHA DALMIA, ANGELIKA MALINAR and MARTIN CHRISTOF, eds, Charisma and Canon: Essays on the Religious History of the Indian Subcontinent, Delhi: Oxford University Press, 2001, pp. 461. ANTONY COPLEY, ed., Gurus and Their Followers: New Religious Reform Movements in Colonial India, Delhi: Oxford University Press, 2000, pp. 235. W.H. McLEOD, Exploring Sikhism: Aspects of Sikh Identity, Culture and Thought, Delhi: Oxford University Press, 2000, pp. 288"
1619:
573:, George Adams noted an exhaustive examination of all important aspects of the Sikh tradition in a lucid and convincing manner. Daniel Gold, reviewing for The Indian Economic & Social History Review, praised McLeod as the foremost Western historian of Sikhism, whose "careful scholarship and thoughtful analytic temper" were visible across all essays; the volume was authoritative and remained accessible to scholars as well as laymen.
471:, found the volume to be a must-read for all students of Sikh History. McLeod's willingness to critique his earlier stances and his fluency in recent scholarship were admired. Shackle found the second essay to be the "most stimulating", where McLeod used newer evidence to convincingly reject the popularly ascribed roles of Islam in development of Sikhism.
1620:"W. H. McLeod: The Sikhs: history, religion, and society. (The American Council of Learned Societies Lectures on the History of Religions, no. 14.) ix, 161 pp. New York: Columbia University Press, 1989. $ 29. - W. H. McLeod: Who is a Sikh? The problem of Sikh identity, ix, 140 pp. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1989. £19.50"
416:
from
Biblical studies; it was far more sophisticated than his 1968 volume and was among the rare examples of major scholarship arising out of traditionally neglected areas. Surjit Hans noted that McLeod's knowledge of the Janamsakhis, as exhibited in the work, was unrivaled. So did Christine Moliner.
353:
notes that McLeod's questioning the historicity of previously unchallenged "facts" created a predictable ruffle among orthodox Sikhs. However, the work had exhibited a naive reductionist understanding of the links between hagiography and historical biography, and created a dead-end for scholars not
581:
An omnibus volume, it was published by Oxford
University Press as hardback in 1999 and reissued in 2004. It comprises four works — Guru Nanak and the Sikh Religion, Early Sikh Tradition: A Study of the Janamsakhis, The Evolution of the Sikh Community, and Who is a Sikh? The Problems of the Sikh
552:
In 2006, Simon
Barrett reviewed the second edition. In 2009, Michael Hawley reviewed the same edition to be a useful and reliable reference for Sikh scholars, containing "clearly written" and "informative" definitions. However, certain expected entries were skipped or were too short and the
173:
to Sikh sources for the first time and influenced generations of scholars. However, his scholarship remains controversial among traditional Khalsa scholars, who accuse him of disrespecting the religion and argue that
Sikhism can't be studied using Western methodologies.
1553:
1249:
324:
and concluded them to have little reliable information. The janamsakhis were apparently written by Nanak's followers, after about a century of his death, to reflect their perceptions of him; McLeod's objective account of Nanak's life had only three paragraphs.
291:. McLeod had an older brother named Ian and a younger brother named Bruce. In May 1955 he married Margaret Wylie, whom he had met during his university days. They have four children — Rory, Michael, Shaun, and Ruth (half-Punjabi; adopted during his PhD days).
1859:
1809:
585:
Frederick M. Smith remarked in a review that despite methodological advances in the field, the omnibus was a must-read for all scholars of religion. Christopher
Shackle noted that the omnibus has already established itself as the standard reference work.
1751:
1202:
1658:
1906:
1506:
1075:
451:
was effusive in his praise of the work; even if McLeod had written nothing else, this "bravura performance" was sufficient to establish his unprecedented caliber in the field of Sikh
Studies. J.S. Grewal was again critical of his approach.
498:) found the book to be a mandatory read for anyone having an interest in Sikh identity. Bruce La Brack, reviewing for Journal of Asian Studies, noted that the volume re-proved why McLeod was the leading scholar of Sikh Studies in the West.
515:, found the work to cement McLeod's reputation as the preeminent scholar of Sikh Studies. The detailed notes accompanying the text and McLeod's introduction detailing the historical development of the text were particularly praised.
33:
32:
623:
John C. B. Webster found the responses to evidence the effect of religious orthodoxy and popular sentiment even among "scholars", and the fact of few Indian scholars having proper training in religious
251:
All along this while, he oft-visited India, researched and wrote extensively about Sikh scriptures, literature, identity, and history. From 1988 to 1993, McLeod also taught a one-term course at
545:
It was first published in 1995, under the editorship of McLeod. A second edition appeared in 2002 by Oxford
University Press. A third edition was published in 2014 by Scarecrow Press alone;
381:'s fifth birth-centenary, McLeod ran contrary to the "reverential and even hagiographical tone" of volumes that had flooded the market and his textualist methodology "transformed" the field.
347:, admired McLeod's dispassionate objectivity in producing an exceptional scholarship; his exhaustive reading of primary sources and methodology of source criticism was lauded in particular.
294:
On 2 February 1987, during the ACLS lecture series, he suffered a stroke; this significantly affected his ability to lecture and argue orally. McLeod recovered within a year and half.
2269:
2254:
2196:
190:, where he earned a BA. He earned an MA in history from the same college, graduating in 1955 with a 2nd Class Honours. McLeod enrolled for theological studies at the
361:
to consider both Hindu and Muslim beliefs as wrong, and
Sikhism to be distinct from both, as opposed to a synthesis, he categorized the faith as a "reworking of the
921:
1414:
Hans, Surjit (1 February 1992). "Book
Reviews : W.H. McLEOD, Who Is a Sikh? The Problem of Sikh Identity, Oxford University Press, Delhi, 140 pp. , Rs. 70".
839:
Pashaura, Singh (2004). "Introduction-I: The
Contribution of Professor W.H. McLeod in the Field of Sikh Studies". In Singh, Pashaura; Barrier, N. Gerald (eds.).
420:
Shackle later noted that the political turbulence in Punjab since the 80s meant that McLeod's best work failed to receive its deserved attention among scholars.
2130:"Sikhs and Sikhism: Comprising Guru Nanak and the Sikh Religion, Early Sikh Tradition, the Evolution of the Sikh Community, and Who is a Sikh – By W. H. McLeod"
2259:
2249:
195:
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276:
332:
479:
Published in 1990 by the Oxford University Press, this collated ten essays delivered during the 1986-87 Radhakrishnan Lecture at Oxford University.
2048:
1554:"The Evolution of the Sikh Community: Five Essays. By W. H. McLeod. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1976. 119 pp. Glossary, Bibliography, Index. $ 8.75"
214:
84:
881:
792:
268:
1169:
Webster, John C. B. (Fall 2018). "Review Article: Brill's Encyclopedia of Sikhism - Volume I: History, Literature, Society, Beyond Punjab".
512:
491:
483:
468:
409:
2244:
1010:"Book Reviews : Guru Nanak and the Sikh Religion by W.H. Mcleod; pp. xii, 259; Oxford University Press 1968 ; 50 shillings"
424:(along with Michael Hawley and Susan Prill) note it to provide a comprehensive analysis of the hagiographical cannon of janamsakhis.
992:
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767:
432:
His last significant work, it was noted by Christopher Shackle to be the last word on the question of development of Sikh Identity.
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339:
found his work to be the product of painstaking research and responsible approach, supplying a wealth of information on Nanak.
328:
222:
1752:"Who is a Sikh? The Problem of Sikh Identity. By W. H. McLeod. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1989. viii, 140 pp. $ 29.95"
1659:"The Sikhs: History, Religion, and Society. By W. H. McLeod. New York: Columbia University Press, 1989. ix, 161 pp. $ 12.50"
2234:
529:
421:
390:
2264:
1507:"The Evolution of the Sikh Community. Five Essays. By W. H. McLeod. Clarendon Press: Oxford, 1976. Pp. viii, 119. £3.50"
344:
393:(along with Michael Hawley and Susan Prill) note that McLeod's work remains the best in expounding Nanak's teachings.
377:
commends the study for introducing "rigorous professionalism" into discourse on Sikh history. Published a year before
374:
385:
opines that the entire field of Sikh Studies should remain indebted to McLeod's pioneering book. A 2009 editorial of
221:
and returned two years later upon a successful completion. He was appointed as a lecturer in Punjab History at the
1810:"Who is a Sikh? The problem of Sikh identity By W. H. McLeod. pp. xi, 140. Oxford, Clarendon Press, 1989, £19.50"
461:
229:
published his thesis, establishing his reputation as a scholar and marking the beginning of his research career.
1076:"Guru Nanak and the Sikh Religion. By W. H. McLeod. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1968. ix, 259 pp., Indexes. $ 7.00"
2129:
594:
A collation of his most significant essays, the collection was published by Oxford University Press in 2007.
1907:"The Chaupa Singh Rahit-Nama. By W. H. McLeod. pp. 260. Dunedin, University of Otago Press, 1987. NZ$ 27.23"
553:
cross-referencing was poor; the dictionary was also in the need of an update to accommodate diaspora Sikhs.
460:
There were seven essays, five of which were reprints of the ACLS lectures. The compilation was published by
336:
256:
237:
218:
1295:
287:
McLeod was born on 2 August 1932 to Bruce McLeod and Margaret née Hewat (m. 1928), a farming family near
252:
2167:
1203:"W. H. MCLEOD, Sikhs and Sikhism (New Delhi: Oxford University Press, 2004). Pp. 890. Rs 635.00 paper"
2229:
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413:
386:
313:
241:
170:
694:
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350:
245:
226:
191:
187:
546:
1988:
1934:
1887:
1860:"W.H. McLeod(ed.): The Chaupa Singh rahit-nama. 260 pp. Dunedin: University of Otago Press, 1987"
1837:
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1277:
1250:"W. H. McLeod: Gurū Nānak and the Sikh religion, xii, 259 pp. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1968. 50s"
1230:
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1111:
1103:
1037:
495:
448:
785:
The Construction of Religious Boundaries: Culture, Identity, and Diversity in the Sikh Tradition
267:
In 1986, McLeod was chosen to deliver a series of public lectures on religion, sponsored by the
566:
Published by Oxford University Press in 2007, it contains sixteen previously published essays.
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Christopher Shackle found the work to "ably" present the fundamental texts of Sikh tradition.
272:
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2019:
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445:
In 1975, McLeod published The Evolution of the Sikh Community, a collection of five essays.
210:
873:
198:, apparently out of a desire to serve the less privileged. McLeod was deputed to Kharar in
340:
2145:
354:
willing to align with the Khalsa-centric school. S.C.R. Weightman had a mixed opinion.
183:
2168:"A Different Approach to History – The Book Review, Monthly Review of Important Books"
532:(along with Michael Hawley and Susan Prill) found it to be a good selection of texts.
236:. From 1969 to 1970, he was the Smuts Memorial Fellow for Commonwealth Studies at the
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1992:
1938:
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and from 1970 to 1971, the Leverhulme Visiting Fellow for Precolonial History at the
199:
365:
synthesis," despite the explicit statements of Nanak delineating the start of a new
2192:
917:
570:
159:
1976:
945:
Professor McLeod had started teaching History at the University of Otago in 1971.
757:
389:
noted the work to be a seminal and highly influential contribution to the field.
255:
and supervised several PhDs. From 1997 to 1998, he held a visiting fellowship at
232:
In 1969, he left his job at India (and the Presbyterian Church) with a new-found
1311:
957:
321:
2103:
1960:
1725:
1427:
1025:
896:
759:
Between Colonialism and Diaspora: Sikh Cultural Formations in an Imperial World
2023:
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1875:
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1635:
1522:
1351:
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378:
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1984:
1930:
1883:
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1682:
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1459:"Frères ennemis? Relations between Panjabi Sikhs and Muslims in the Diaspora"
1435:
1359:
1319:
1273:
1226:
1099:
1033:
1009:
2064:
2007:
1458:
1334:
317:
335:, noted the work to be an important, rich, and rigorous study. A review in
312:
In his PhD thesis (later published by OUP), McLeod introduced the tools of
1134:
Shackle, C. (1983). "Early Sikh tradition: a study of the Janam-Sākhīs".
288:
53:
213:) and became interested in Sikhs. In 1963, he enrolled for a PhD at the
1783:
1690:
1585:
1107:
233:
166:
72:
1471:
130:
1767:
1674:
1569:
1091:
2049:"Exploring Sikhism: Aspects of Sikh Identity, Culture, and Thought"
1136:
Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain & Ireland
367:
206:
562:
Exploring Sikhism: Aspects of Sikh Identity, Culture, and Thought
357:
J.S. Grewal took a critical view of the book. While considering
412:, found the work to be formidable in its pioneer borrowing of
244:. In 1971, he was appointed as a lecturer of history at the
735:, Journal of Punjab Studies, 17 (2010): 1-2, pages 115–142
165:
Considered to be the most prominent Western historian of
401:
This was written in 1971 but first published in 1980 by
1712:
Lochtefeld, James G (1 December 1993). "Book Reviews".
271:(ACLS). In 1990 the University of London awarded him a
205:
During this stay, McLeod learned vernacular languages (
202:, India to teach English at a higher secondary school.
1864:
Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies
1624:
Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies
1254:
Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies
614:
as variously discounted, improbable, or only possible.
688:
686:
684:
682:
680:
678:
676:
674:
486:, found the work to be quite good but poorer to his
985:
Discovering the Sikhs: Autobiography of a Historian
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371:with new traditions, and leaving this unaccounted.
129:
121:
113:
98:
90:
80:
61:
39:
23:
1965:Journal of Religious & Theological Information
1333:
864:Singh, Pashaura (18 April 2019), "McLeod, W. H.",
428:Sikhs of the Khalsa: A History of the Khalsa Rahit
158:) was a New Zealand scholar who helped establish
2008:"Historical Dictionary of Sikhism (2nd edition)"
635:Early Sikh Tradition: A Study of the Janamsakhis
475:Who is a Sikh? The Problems of the Sikh Identity
397:Early Sikh Tradition: A Study of the Janamsakhis
248:. He would hold the post till retiring in 1997.
2092:The Indian Economic & Social History Review
1014:The Indian Economic & Social History Review
590:Essays in Sikh History, Tradition, and Society
1463:South Asia Multidisciplinary Academic Journal
8:
1207:International Journal of Middle East Studies
2270:Fellows of the Royal Society of New Zealand
1714:Journal of the American Academy of Religion
1142:(2). Cambridge University Press: 323–324.
277:Fellow of the Royal Society of New Zealand
125:University of Otago, University of Toronto
31:
20:
2255:Academic staff of the University of Otago
1470:
1055:Marek, J. (January 1972). "Book Review".
762:. Duke University Press. pp. 10–15.
488:The Sikhs: History, Religion, and Society
456:The Sikhs: History, Religion, and Society
333:Indian Economic and Social History Review
524:Textual Sources for the Study of Sikhism
897:"NZ university graduates 1870–1961: Mc"
650:
603:
1618:Shackle, Christopher (February 1991).
1500:
1498:
1457:Moliner, Christine (16 October 2007).
1409:
1407:
1381:
1379:
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834:
832:
830:
828:
826:
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727:
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717:
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215:School of Oriental and African Studies
186:from 1946 to 1950, before joining the
85:School of Oriental and African Studies
2123:
2121:
2043:
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1961:"A Review of "The A to Z of Sikhism""
1954:
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693:Ballantyne, Tony (3 September 2009).
511:Christopher Shackle, in a review for
482:Christopher Shackle, in a review for
467:Christopher Shackle, in a review for
408:Christopher Shackle, in a review for
269:American Council of Learned Societies
7:
1911:Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society
1814:Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society
1171:Journal of Sikh & Punjāb Studies
874:10.1093/acref/9780191831874.001.0001
751:
749:
747:
745:
743:
741:
513:Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society
492:Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society
484:Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society
469:Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society
410:Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society
136:The life and doctrine of Gurū Nānak
2260:20th-century New Zealand historians
2250:Alumni of SOAS University of London
783:Oberoi, Harjot (15 December 1994).
633:Read alongside Shackle's review of
490:. Both W. Owen Cole (reviewing for
441:The Evolution of the Sikh Community
2146:10.1111/j.1748-0922.2006.00045_6.x
1959:Hawley, Michael (1 January 2012).
1074:Singh, Khushwant (November 1969).
169:, his publications had introduced
14:
2240:People educated at Nelson College
2006:Barrett, Simon (1 January 2006).
1750:Brack, Bruce La (November 1990).
1306:(1–6): 167–207. 1 December 1973.
1300:Orientalistische Literaturzeitung
1248:Weightman, S. C. R. (June 1970).
1201:Shackle, Christopher (May 2006).
494:) and Surjit Hans (reviewing for
16:New Zealand historian (1932–2009)
2086:Gold, Daniel (1 December 2002).
1657:Dusenbery, Verne A. (May 1994).
541:Historical Dictionary of Sikhism
308:Guru Nanak and the Sikh Religion
2197:"W. H. McLeod and Sikh studies"
2059:(2): 122–123. 1 November 2005.
922:"W. H. McLeod and Sikh studies"
787:. University of Chicago Press.
196:New Zealand Presbyterian Church
1905:Cole, W. Owen (January 1989).
1808:Cole, W. Owen (January 1990).
964:. Royal Society of New Zealand
223:Baring Union Christian College
1:
1552:Uberoi, J. P. S. (May 1978).
1505:Dewey, Clive (October 1978).
1335:"The subject of Sikh Studies"
298:Published works and reception
2128:Smith, Frederick M. (2006).
1977:10.1080/10477845.2012.673145
1756:The Journal of Asian Studies
1663:The Journal of Asian Studies
1558:The Journal of Asian Studies
1080:The Journal of Asian Studies
1008:Digby, Simon (1 June 1970).
866:A Dictionary of Sikh Studies
733:W.H. McLeod and Sikh Studies
345:The Journal of Asian Studies
1312:10.1524/olzg.1973.68.16.167
868:, Oxford University Press,
843:. Oxford University Press.
549:was roped in as co-editor.
507:The Chaupa Singh Rahit-nama
2286:
2245:University of Otago alumni
2104:10.1177/001946460203900413
1428:10.1177/025764309200800107
1026:10.1177/001946467000700206
225:, the same year. In 1968,
2204:Journal of Punjab Studies
2024:10.1108/09504120610672746
1923:10.1017/S0035869X00168303
1876:10.1017/S0041977X00035837
1858:Shackle, C. (June 1989).
1826:10.1017/S0035869X00108299
1636:10.1017/S0041977X00010016
1523:10.1017/S0026749X00006405
1352:10.1080/17448720500215345
1266:10.1017/S0041977X0010374X
1219:10.1017/S0020743806422364
1148:10.1017/S0035869X00137888
929:Journal of Punjab Studies
756:Ballantyne, Tony (2006).
462:Columbia University Press
145:
106:
94:Sikh theology and history
30:
2134:Religious Studies Review
1726:10.1093/jaarel/LXI.4.839
1346:(1): 1–11. 1 June 2005.
194:and in 1958, joined the
162:as a distinctive field.
102:Margaret Wylie (m. 1955)
2065:10.1525/nr.2005.9.2.122
257:Balliol College, Oxford
238:University of Cambridge
219:Arthur Llewellyn Basham
1387:"Sikhism and Hinduism"
962:"William Hewat McLeod"
253:University of Toronto
2235:People from Feilding
1511:Modern Asian Studies
983:McLeod, Hew (2004).
960:(19 November 2010).
918:Grewal, Jagtar Singh
731:J.S. Grewal (2010),
610:He counts 87 of 124
242:University of Sussex
182:McLeod attended the
152:William Hewat McLeod
25:William Hewat McLeod
2265:Scholars of Sikhism
2210:(1&2): 115–144.
987:. Permanent Black.
841:Sikhism and History
403:The Clarendon Press
351:Christopher Shackle
275:. He was elected a
246:University of Otago
227:The Clarendon Press
188:University of Otago
1416:Studies in History
496:Studies in History
2012:Reference Reviews
1472:10.4000/samaj.135
1057:Archiv Orientální
883:978-0-19-183187-4
794:978-0-226-61593-6
577:Sikhs and Sikhism
337:Archiv Orientální
154:(1932–2009; also
149:
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108:Scientific career
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569:In a review for
414:higher criticism
343:, reviewing for
314:higher criticism
171:higher criticism
141:
68:
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35:
21:
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50:2 August 1932
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2018:(5): 13–14.
2015:
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958:Olssen, Erik
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122:Institutions
107:
67:(2009-07-20)
65:20 July 2009
18:
2230:2009 deaths
2225:1932 births
695:"WH McLeod"
557:Collections
502:Translation
449:Clive Dewey
329:Simon Digby
322:janamsakhis
2219:Categories
1870:(2): 371.
968:9 December
939:5 November
902:9 December
645:References
582:Identity.
536:References
379:Guru Nanak
359:Guru Nanak
331:, for the
303:Monographs
156:Hew McLeod
46:1932-08-02
2154:1748-0922
2140:(1): 61.
2112:0019-4646
2073:1092-6690
2032:0950-4125
1993:142793337
1985:1047-7845
1939:163836344
1931:2051-2066
1892:162232662
1884:1474-0699
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1834:2051-2066
1792:161255786
1776:1752-0401
1734:0002-7189
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1683:1752-0401
1644:1474-0699
1594:161969046
1578:1752-0401
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1531:1469-8099
1489:142758295
1481:1960-6060
1444:163141134
1436:0257-6430
1368:185568701
1360:1744-8727
1320:2196-6877
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1227:1471-6380
1156:162551465
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1100:1752-0401
1042:144482715
1034:0019-4646
704:26 August
464:in 1989.
318:philology
279:in 1999.
117:Historian
81:Education
2195:(2010).
920:(2010).
624:studies.
320:to Sikh
289:Feilding
54:Feilding
2173:20 July
1784:2058315
1691:2059906
1586:2053618
1396:21 July
1108:2942570
637:(1980).
234:atheism
211:Punjabi
167:Sikhism
73:Dunedin
2152:
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1991:
1983:
1937:
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1063:: 277.
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880:
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791:
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612:sakhis
263:Honors
217:under
200:Punjab
178:Career
140:(1965)
138:
131:Thesis
114:Fields
99:Spouse
2200:(PDF)
1989:S2CID
1935:S2CID
1888:S2CID
1838:S2CID
1788:S2CID
1780:JSTOR
1695:S2CID
1687:JSTOR
1590:S2CID
1582:JSTOR
1535:S2CID
1485:S2CID
1465:(1).
1440:S2CID
1364:S2CID
1278:S2CID
1231:S2CID
1152:S2CID
1112:S2CID
1104:JSTOR
1038:S2CID
925:(PDF)
598:Notes
368:panth
207:Hindi
2175:2021
2150:ISSN
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1981:ISSN
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1030:ISSN
989:ISBN
970:2014
941:2020
904:2014
878:ISBN
845:ISBN
789:ISBN
764:ISBN
706:2013
363:sant
316:and
273:DLit
209:and
62:Died
40:Born
2142:doi
2100:doi
2061:doi
2020:doi
1973:doi
1919:doi
1915:121
1872:doi
1822:doi
1818:122
1764:doi
1722:doi
1718:LXI
1671:doi
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2016:20
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1975::
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1018:7
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906:.
872::
853:.
797:.
772:.
708:.
48:)
44:(
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