1329:. The station made test audio transmissions in 1909, and began broadcasting weekly concerts in 1912. Herrold's San Jose broadcasts were suspended during World War One when the U.S. government prohibited the operation of civilian radio stations, and after the war ended he did not return to the airwaves until May 1921. His experimental station was re-licensed in December 1921 as KQW, which later moved to San Francisco and became KCBS in 1949. Baudino and Kittross argued that this post-World War One gap disqualified KCBS from "oldest station" consideration, something neither KQW nor KCBS has agreed with, as program schedules for KQW appearing in 1925 included the slogan "Pioneer Broadcasting Station of the World." In 2009 KCBS celebrated its 100th birthday with a yearlong series of events throughout the Bay Area, including the public dedication of a plaque commemorating the "Centennial Celebration of the World's First Broadcasting Station." At the same time, KCBS adopted the slogan "The World's First Broadcasting Station".
607:
1011:
795:
849:
923:
857:
894:), was made available for "Class B" stations, which had higher powers and better quality equipment and programming. Both WWJ and WCX qualified to use this new wavelength, on a timesharing basis. In early 1923 the United States further expanded the broadcast station allocations into a continuous band from 550 to 1350 kHz, with stations now using a single frequency, no longer having to broadcast entertainment and official reports on separate frequencies. Under the new allocations the Class B frequency of
1220:
4209:
729:
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that formal standards for broadcasting stations were adopted, which essentially grafted a broadcasting service definition onto the existing
Limited Commercial license category, as an authorization issued to a select number of designated stations. (A license class dating back to 1912, not all Limited Commercial stations were authorized to make broadcasts. A specific "broadcasting station" license would not exist until one was established by the
865:
was reserved for broadcasting official weather and other government reports. On March 3, 1922, WWJ was granted permission to transmit on 485 meters, in addition to its original 360-meter assignment. 1922 saw a rapid expansion in the number of broadcasting stations, most sharing the single entertainment wavelength of 360 meters, which required progressively more complicated time sharing schedules among stations in the same region. That May the
501:. WWJ broadcasts full-time with 50,000 watts, using a five-tower directional antenna system during daytime hours, and its entire six-tower array at night. WWJ has the highest field strength β 7,980 mV/m at a distance of 1 km β in a single direction (nighttime pattern) of any U.S. AM station. With this powerful signal primarily sent to the north, the station can be heard in parts of northern Michigan during nighttime hours, including the
4156:
1883:, 1989, pages 5, 17: "Will E. Scripps... was an avid fan. He used to drop in at night to check on how we were doing, and ask if we were getting out on the air. He was as boyish about it as anyone could be. He was quite thrilled about the whole setup. Apparently he could see in it, something more than the rest of us." In contrast, Plant recalled his own feelings as "at first I had a bored attitude about the whole thing".
910:. This reallocation divided stations into three classes, which became known as "Clear", "Regional" and "Local". WWJ was tentatively assigned to a clear channel frequency of 820 kHz, which would have permitted operation with up to 50,000 watts. However, the station's management was unprepared to bear the cost of a major transmitter upgrade, and instead settled for assignment to one of the regional frequencies,
1201:, also currently owned by Audacy, has been a source of contention for nearly a century. (KDKA began operating on November 2, 1920, initially under a temporary "Special Amateur" authorization as "8ZZ"). The disagreement over WWJ and KDKA has been long-standing, and controversial enough that some have gone out of their way to avoid becoming involved. This was on public display after the September 3, 1945, issue of
1236:"publicized," "commercial," and "real" β all in a challenging effort to develop a consensus about fast-moving events that were not always well documented. An example of the existence of competing standards occurred in 1923, when the Department of Commerce stated that "The first broadcasting license was issued in September, 1921", a reference to the September 15, 1921, Limited Commercial license issued to WBZ in
833:
transmit as before beginning every evening, except Sunday." While this had the desired benefit of now being on a less congested wavelength, it also meant the station's continued use of DeForest equipment was technically in violation of the commercial radio equipment patent rights held by AT&T. This potential problem was soon resolved by the purchase of a 500-watt transmitter from AT&T subsidiary
1281:
transmitter through Radio News & Music, the newspaper had assumed total responsibility for constructing and running the radio station, including hiring engineers and staff. The transfer from operating under 8MK's license to that of WBL's had minimal effect. The same DeForest OT-10 transmitter was being used, operating from the same location, and under the control of the same
40:
675:
659:'s CG 4000 transmitter. Clark was subsequently sent by Scripps to General Electric's headquarters at Schenectady, New York to make further arrangements, but he was unsuccessful in reaching an agreement. After this Clark largely withdrew from participation, to the degree that his first visit to the station did not take place until 1937.
1317:
began." ("First commercial station" status was also claimed by KDKA, in spite of the fact that both WWJ and KDKA were initially commercial-free and did not start to accept advertising until the mid-1920s, so in this case "commercial" appears to only mean that the station was under the control of a commercial enterprise.)
1240:, which appears to be the first to have stated that the station would be used exclusively for broadcasting, while transmitting on 360 meters, which would become the standard "entertainment" wavelength designated by the December 1, 1921, regulations. However, this particular interpretation has not been widely adopted.
990:. WWJ also got into the nascent medium of television when WWDT began service on October 23, 1946, for one day of demonstrative programming; regular programming commenced on March 4, 1947, with the call letters changing to match the radio station, WWJ-TV two months later on May 15, and has been affiliated with the
1312:
in San
Francisco, also known as the "California Theater Station." 6XC had begun a wide-ranging selection of daily broadcasts around April 1920, and in 1921 Lee de Forest wrote that this was the "first radio-telephone station devoted solely" to broadcasting to the public. However, KZY would be deleted
1235:
This has led to varying interpretations about which stations should be considered the "first" and the "oldest surviving" broadcasters. In addition, numerous qualifiers have been proposed, leading to competing views about the relative importance of factors such as "regular," "continuous," "scheduled",
1227:
One complicating factor is that the U.S. government initially did not have a formal definition of "broadcasting" or any specific regulations. In particular, there were no restrictions about broadcasting stations operating under amateur or experimental licenses. It was only effective
December 1, 1921,
827:
purchased the DeForest OT-10 transmitter it had been leasing from Radio News & Music, and applied for a "Special
Amateur" station license, which would provide better coverage by allowing the station to move to a wavelength less subject to interference. However, on October 13, 1921, the government
720:
amateur wavelength of 200 meters (1500 kHz), although contemporary newspaper accounts stated that it sometimes operated on other, less congested, wavelengths. In addition, the OT-10 transmitter was only rated for 20 watts, far less than the 3,000 watts contemplated in
Scripps' original proposal.
666:
had been the leading proponent in the United States trying to introduce organized radio broadcasting, especially by newspapers. However, due to technical and financial issues, he had made little progress in making converts to the idea. In late 1916 the DeForest Radio
Telephone & Telegraph Company
602:
inaugurated daily broadcasts from a studio established in the newspaper's headquarters building, located at the corner of
Lafayette and 2nd Avenues. These initial broadcasts, by what was then called the "Detroit News Radiophone", were sent under an amateur station license operating with the call sign
1827:
by
Jeffrey Allan McQueen (great-nephew of Father Michael DeLisle Lyons). "Story of a young radio pioneer, who became a Jesuit priest and supplied the final piece of our first Atomic Bomb", 2003. Later that year, Michael and his brother Frank, also assembled the first radio in a police car in Toledo,
1316:
Later reviews became more sweeping in their claims. In 1934, an advertisement for WWJ included the contention that it was "America's
Pioneer Broadcasting Station." While celebrating its 25th anniversary in August 1945, WWJ further claimed to have been the station where "commercial radio broadcasting
785:
baseball championship. Weekly vocal concerts were begun on
September 23, with Mabel Norton Ayers as the first featured artist. By late October, the paper was boasting that "hundreds of Detroiters are now the possessors of wireless receiving sets by which they get the news bulletins, music and other
654:
Sometime during 1919 Scripps and Clark prepared an expansive proposal that was brought before the newspaper's board of directors, requesting financing for the building of a powerful radio station capable of providing service throughout the Great Lakes region. Although initially resistant, the board
864:
Effective December 1, 1921, the U.S. government for the first time adopted regulations formally defining "broadcasting stations". The wavelength of 360 meters (for which WBL and eight other stations already held licenses) was designated for entertainment broadcasts, while 485 meters (619 kHz)
832:
a "Limited Commercial" license, and early the next month the newspaper announced: "The Detroit News radio station is now operating under a limited commercial license with call letters WBL. The wavelength used is 360 meters and a special antenna has been erected to use this wave. The station will
748:
announced on its front page that, starting that evening, nightly (except Sunday) broadcasts would be transmitted by the "Detroit News Radiophone" service. That evening's debut program featured regularly updated returns for a primary election held that day, plus vocal performances by Lois Johnson.
844:
found that listeners had trouble hearing it correctly, so the newspaper asked the regional Radio Inspector, S. W. Edwards, to have it changed to something more phonetically distinct, requesting WKL or WWW. Neither of these call signs was available, so one similar to the paper's request, WWJ, was
760:
contained enthusiastic reports attesting to the success of the election night broadcast, which had begun "promptly at 8:10 p. m.", with the newspaper declaring: "The sending of the election returns by The Detroit News Radiophone Tuesday night was fraught with romance and must go down in the
682:
In early 1920 Clarence "C. S." Thompson, a New York City associate of Lee de Forest, and John F. Hubbard formed Radio News & Music, Inc., which in March 1920 took up the promotion of newspaper-run broadcasting stations, offering local franchises and asking in national advertisements "Is Your
715:
8MK. William E. Scripps was very enthusiastic about the project, and kept close track as the equipment was being tested. However, the work was done with very limited publicity, and there are reports that some at the newspaper worried that a radio station might adversely affect paper sales, thus
641:
In April 1917, due to the entrance of the United States into World War One, it became illegal for private citizens to own radio receivers. This wartime ban was lifted effective April 15, 1919, and William E. Scripps' son, William J. Scripps, became interested in radio as a hobby, spending hours
719:
Scripps' original proposal had envisioned operating on an uncongested frequency somewhere within the 600 to 1600 meter (500 to 187.5 kHz) band normally reserved for government stations. However, as an amateur station 8MK was required to transmit on the standard β thus interference-prone β
1280:
operated WWJ, the newspaper's reviews had always stated that 8MK and WBL/WWJ were effectively the same station, which, although there had been call sign and license changes, had a continuous history as the "Detroit News Radiophone" dating to August 20, 1920. After leasing 8MK's DeForest OT-10
694:
made arrangements to lease a DeForest OT-10 radio transmitter through Radio News & Music, to develop a broadcasting service. An initial equipment shipment was made the same day, and Radio News & Music hired a local teenaged amateur radio operator, Michael DeLisle Lyons, to install the
587:
radio station, later to be known as WWJ, were not recorded at the time, and the story can only be partially pieced together from the reminiscences of radio pioneers." Three years later, Robert Preston Rimes found that "...fragmentary, incomplete, and sometimes, inaccurate histories existed".
803:
The station's costs were borne by the newspaperβthere was no advertising until the mid-1920sβand by 1922 the station staff had increased to ten. Performers were not paid, however, the station was able to attract numerous "illustrious persons" to appear over the airwaves from the station's
699:
headquarters building, connected to an antenna constructed on the roof. The May 28 shipment never arrived, so a replacement was sent from New York on July 15. After Lyons did some initial installation work a financial dispute broke out between him and the newspaper's management, so the
618:. The Scripps family had a long history of interest in radio developments. In 1902 Thomas E. Clark founded the Thomas E. Clark Wireless Telephone-Telegraph Company, to supply vessels in the Great Lakes region with radio (then commonly known as "wireless") communication equipment.
764:
Daily broadcasts, most commonly between 7 and 8 pm, continued through September. Although the initial programs consisted mostly of phonograph records interspersed with news announcements, programming also included fight results from the heavyweight championship bout between
744:, to check if the equipment was ready for regular service. However, because the station was still unpublicized the original audience consisted only of a small number of interested local amateur radio enthusiasts. The test programs proved satisfactory, so, on August 31, 1920, the
1211:(NAB) had recently endorsed WWJ's "claim to being the world's first commercial radio station," by concluding that KDKA "was ten and a half weeks younger." This assertion brought a quick denial from NAB President J. Harold Ryan, who sent a letter to the magazine stating that
1545:
The leading "8" in the call sign indicated that the station was located in the eighth Radio Inspection district. The "MK" was randomly assigned, however the fact that M falls in the range from A-W signified that the station was operating under a standard Amateur station
1320:
Largely ignored by WWJ and KDKA was a third station that had been reviewed in the Baudino and Kittross article, KCBS in San Francisco, which contended it was significantly older than both WWJ and KDKA. KCBS traced its history to a pre-World War One station operated by
1138:
meant the signal, though adequate for home and outdoor listening, was difficult to receive inside office buildings. Even though WWJ was now using the maximum power permitted to AM stations in the United States, it was still considered to be a Regional station, because
543:
WWJ is Michigan's only all-news radio station and features "traffic and weather together" every ten minutes "on the eights" around the clock. The exception is during live sporting events, which it often (though not always) includes during its programming. WWJ is the
650:
could set up its own broadcasting station. Drawing on advice from Thomas E. Clark, Scripps soon determined that the idea was in fact practical, primarily due to recent advances in radio transmitter technology, especially the development of vacuum-tube transmitters.
1026:
format of WWJ-FM 97.1, during the overnight hours). The all-news format on WWJ has remained since then, enabling it to rank consistently among the Detroit area's most popular stations with adult listeners, occasionally finishing in first place in recent surveys.
798:
August 1920 publicity photograph. L-R: Howard J. Trumbo, manager of the local Thomas A. Edison Record Shop, operating a phonograph player; Elton M. Plant, Detroit News employee and announcer, behind 8MK's DeForest OT-10 radio transmitter; and engineer Frank
1299:
merely stated that the paper deserved recognition for having "installed the first transmitting set in use by any newspaper." (At this time there was at least one other broadcasting station with a strong claim to predate both 8MK/WWJ and 8ZZ/KDKA,
567:
In March 2005, WWJ began streaming its programming over the Internet. In August 2005 the station began offering podcasts of newsmakers, interviews, and some of the station's feature programming. In August 2006 it began broadcasting in the
1259:
in San Francisco β contending for the title of the "oldest station in the nation." The authors ultimately favored KDKA, although unmentioned by the review was the fact that lead author Baudino had formerly been that station's manager.
655:
eventually approved the request. However, significant modifications had to be made to the original plan. The proposal specified a 3,000 watt transmitter that would be constructed locally by Clark's Tecla Company, based on the design of
1038:
which was required to sell the stations immediately by the Federal Communications Commission because of cross-ownership rules in effect at that time. On March 9, 1989, CBS bought the stations, with its ownership being transferred to
1956:
reported on January 2, 1921, that its station was transmitting on 325 meters with plans to move to 200 meters "soon", on February 6, 1921, it reported 300 meters, on April 17, 1921 "about 260 meters" and on May 8, 1921 "exactly 200
985:
prepared to replace it with an FM station. On May 10, 1941, that new station, W45D, debuted as Michigan's first FM station, which would later undergo five call letter changes β to WENA, WWJ-FM, WJOI, WYST and WKRK β before becoming
2040:
950:, especially as television grew in household reach and popularity, music and regularly scheduled local news would make up a larger portion of its format as television eroded support for variety programming on radio and the
6568:
1215:
had misconstrued informational material sent out by the association, and: "It was not the intention, nor is it the prerogative of the NAB to attempt to decide the relative claims of two pioneer broadcasting stations."
2024:
898:(516.9 meters) was designated for use by qualified stations in the "Detroit/Dearborn" area, and both WWJ and WCX were assigned to this frequency. In January 1925 WWJ was reassigned to an exclusive Class B frequency,
671:, located in the Highbridge section of New York City. This station had to suspend operations during World War One, but was revived shortly after the October 1, 1919, lifting of the wartime ban on civilian stations.
2107:
1263:
Based on the somewhat limited information available at the time, the authors eliminated WWJ on the grounds that "the evidence of a direct relationship between the licensee of 8MK and the licensee of WBL is
1289:
had informed its readers that, although the call sign and operating frequency were changing, the paper's broadcast service would continue, and "The Detroit News radio station... will transmit as before."
1275:
Baudino and Kittross' contention that there was only a "tenuous" relationship between 8MK and WBL/WWJ was the opposite of what WWJ staff had been saying for over half a century. During the years that the
1089:
was partially dismantled (the taller north tower was razed) to make room for the television tower. The AM transmitter facility was subsequently relocated in late 1998, to a new six-tower array located in
4277:
1387:(page 83) stated: "The observant insider noted that the second two letters were the initials of Will's son. But the similarity in the governmentally issued call letters was just a happy coincidence."
1293:
Publicity issued by WWJ regularly listed August 1920 as its founding date, but varied greatly when describing the station's historical significance. In an early example, a 1922 advertisement for the
761:
history of man's conquest of the elements as a gigantic step in his progress." The paper also reported receiving "numberless telephone calls to The News office asking for details of the apparatus".
1966:
1048:
2697:
1996:
575:
WWJ is the flagship station of the Michigan News Network, a network of over 50 affiliate radio stations across the state of Michigan that air news and sports reports produced by WWJ's news team.
6694:
6561:
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format. WWJ programming was live 24 hours a day until July 2015, when, to cut costs, it began airing pre-recorded reports overnight. By 2016 the station returned to live news around the clock.
6704:
1247:
published a study, "Broadcasting's Oldest Stations: An Examination of Four Claimants," authored by Joseph E. Baudino and John M. Kittross, which reviewed four early U.S. stations β KDKA, WWJ,
1085:
When CBS acquired WGPR-TV in 1995 and changed it calls to WWJ-TV, it needed a site for a new transmission tower to improve the UHF TV station's coverage, and the WWJ radio transmitter site in
902:(352.7 meters). A series of reassignments followed, as the government struggled to structure the broadcast band to accommodate an increasingly congested environment. On November 11, 1928, the
7161:
2713:
1022:
music programming in May 1971 and became a strictly news and talk station during the daytime hours (although for the first several years of the all-news format, the station simulcast the
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magazine does not appear to have printed Ryan's letter or to have addressed his complaint in a later issue. In October Westinghouse withdrew its five stations from NAB membership, which
6627:
2336:, May 1923, page 11. Beginning with these assignments radio stations ended the practice of broadcasting their market reports and weather forecasts on the separate 485-meter wavelength.
6724:
6714:
6554:
4744:
1691:
7798:
820:. The station is believed to be the first to broadcast news reports regularly, and the first to present regularly scheduled religious broadcasts and play-by-play sports reports.
711:(AT&T) in 1917. However, he retained the right to sell equipment for "amateur and experimental use", so the station operated under a standard amateur radio license, with the
4794:
2243:
6632:
1536:, "WWJ, 'The World's First Radio Station': A History" (Thesis for the Degree of Master of Arts) by Robert Preston Rimes, Michigan State University, 1963, page iii (MSU.edu)
704:
hired Frank Edwards to take over engineering responsibilities. Elton M. Plant, an aspiring reporter who had a good speaking and singing voice, was drafted as an announcer.
4270:
1924:
also lists Howard Bowman for 8MK, but the next issue, dated October 30, 1920, lists 8MK as "Detroit News (Fone), Cor. Second and Lafayette Ave., Detroit, Mich." In the
1916:" and an article in the February 26, 1919, issue of the newspaper, "Four Die in D. U. R. Crash", credits him as a "staff correspondent".) The "Local Calls" list in the
1811:, but insufficient company financing meant Radio News & Music was unable to continue operating. ("Life of DeForest Gives WWJ as First in Field" by L. L. Stevenson,
7813:
4749:
2729:
295:
1739:
One of the investors listed for the 1902 founding of the Thomas E. Clark Wireless Telephone-Telegraph Company was "John Hubbard" ("Wireless Telephone-Telegraph Co.",
1832:, 760 AM, in Detroit). They captured a prowler using the radio, making national headlines. RCA got the contract to install radios in police cars across the country.
935:
6622:
934:
In 1937 WWJ became one of the first stations to increase its power to the new maximum of 5,000 watts for regional frequencies. On March 29, 1941, as part of the
4779:
4764:
4263:
2583:, September 14, 1945, Volume 13, No. 37, page 401. The material involved was chronological information that had originally appeared in the 1942 edition of the
638:, and around 1910 ceased the Great Lakes installations. He subsequently opened an electrical shop in Detroit, and remained in contact with the Scripps family.
6699:
6118:
646:. However, William E. Scripps later stated that it was his son's brief reception of an audio transmission that led to his initial investigation whether the
7803:
4804:
4759:
1900:, C. E. Urban's "The Radio Amateur" column lists 8MK as newly assigned to Howard Bowman, 171 Kenilworth Avenue in Detroit. (Bowman appears to have been a
4789:
4774:
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708:
535:"8MK". Over the years the station has claimed the titles of "America's Pioneer Broadcasting Station" and where "commercial radio broadcasting began."
7808:
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4784:
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2056:
6577:
2791:
1223:
For its 25th anniversary on August 20, 1945, WWJ claimed the titles of "World's First Station" and where "commercial radio broadcasting began".
552:. In cases where there are schedule conflicts, it also carries sports events normally broadcast by its sister stations. (For example, WWJ airs
1858:(Rimes notes that a second, smaller, transmitter was acquired for the Scripps home, presumably for use at William J. Scripps' amateur station
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tenuous", and because supporting WWJ as the oldest U.S. station could only be done through "tortured reasoning." They also concluded that the
4189:
2091:
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features sent out by The News Radiophone", as the station prepared to broadcast returns for that year's presidential election on November 2.
716:
measures were taken to hide the direct involvement of the Scripps family, including originally licensing 8MK in Michael DeLisle Lyons' name.
7818:
6510:
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2260:
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1208:
942:, where it remains to this day. The programming throughout this time was focused on variety. During the 1940s, WWJ transmitted most of the
922:
614:
The person most responsible for establishing the Detroit News Radiophone service was the newspaper's vice-president and managing director,
606:
2401:
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1521:
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basketball from 2009 to 2014. In 2013, all CBS-owned radio stations in Detroit moved their operations to the former Panasonic Building in
322:
1743:, July 19, 1902, page 4), however it is not clear whether this John Hubbard was related to the John F. Hubbard of Radio News & Music.
4217:
4179:
1193:
Although WWJ is widely recognized as a pioneer broadcasting station, its exact status compared to other early U.S. stations, especially
1030:
In 1987, the Federal Broadcasting Corporation, run by David Herriman, purchased WWJ and its FM counterpart, WJOI, from the new owner of
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977:(AM), but it was also engineered to transmit in high-fidelity. The FCC ultimately decided that the second broadcast band would use
395:
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since its sign-on, owing to WWJ radio's longtime association with the NBC Radio Network. The station changed its call letters to
852:
1922 Detroit News Orchestra broadcast. The large round unit atop the stand on the far right foreground is the pick-up microphone.
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6242:
4754:
2551:
Outside of North America, Class A stations may also be assigned in the countries which observe the 10 kHz frequency rules.
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1047:
name.) From 1995 until 2017, it again had a television sister station when CBS purchased WGPR-TV (channel 62) in the wake of a
1893:
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had not been significantly involved with radio broadcasting prior to the issuance of WBL's first license on October 13, 1921.
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magazine suggested was largely due to Westinghouse's dissatisfaction with how the NAB had handled KDKA's 25th anniversary (
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1077:. The merger was approved on November 9, 2017, and was consummated on the 17th. The company became Audacy, Inc. in 2021.
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2500:
1285:
employees who had been responsible for the 8MK broadcasts. Moreover, at the time of the switchover from 8MK to WBL, the
1143:
is classified as a regional frequency in the U.S., on which only Class B stations and Class D stations may be assigned.
642:
listening for distant stations. Most radio transmissions at this time were still being sent with the dots-and-dashes of
549:
6484:
1322:
630:
publicized the receipt of an order, via radiotelegraphy, by the advertising department from the Clark-equipped steamer
583:
In her 1960 review of the station's history, Cynthia Boyes Young cautioned that: "The actual beginnings of the Detroit
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914:(325.9 meters), with a transmitter power of 1,000 watts, the maximum permitted at the time for regional frequencies.
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626:, took his son to witness a demonstration, and was also an early investor in Clark's company. On April 4, 1906, the
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1982:
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1098:. The new site allowed WWJ to upgrade from 5,000 to 50,000 watts, greatly improving its nighttime signal in the
667:
began broadcasting a nightly "wireless newspaper" entertainment and news program from its experimental station,
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bristled at having to suffer the "handicap" of being required to give up some airtime to its competitor, the
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2822:(Thesis for the Degree of Master of Arts) by Robert Preston Rimes, Michigan State University, 1963 (MSU.edu)
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stations, operating on higher transmitting frequencies than the original AM band. On January 29, 1936, the
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728:
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1621:(1919 interoffice memorandum prepared by William E. Scripps) reproduced in Rimes (1963) page 25 (MSU.edu)
527:
On the air for over a century, WWJ began daily broadcasts as the "Detroit News Radiophone" on August 20,
7397:
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2227:, November 1, 1921, page 2. Limited Commercial license, serial No. 239, issued October 13, 1921, to the
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Radio pioneer Thomas E. Clark provided technical advice during the planning stages (1922 advertisement)
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Although later speculation has suggested that the new call letters might have stood for stockholders
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1134:. The move was not without its disadvantages, as the new site's distance from commercially important
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978:
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complained about having to reduce its schedule of "unique, wholesome and delightful entertainment".
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With the increasing popularity of FM radio and stereo broadcasting, 950 WWJ phased out its daytime
951:
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WWJ has traditionally recognized August 20, 1920, as its founding date. This was the day that the
7407:
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2402:"Pre-history: Detroit's Experimental Amplitude Modulation (AM) 'Apex' Station, W8XWJ (1936β1941)"
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C. S. Thompson later reported that additional newspapers had expressed interest, including the
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973:, initially broadcasting at 31.6 MHz and relaying WWJ's programs. As with WWJ, W8XWJ used
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1939:
lists 8MK's owner as "Radio News and Music, Inc. (M. D. Lyons), Lafayette and 2nd Ave." In a
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907:
834:
778:
656:
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545:
486:. Operating on a regional broadcast frequency, its studios are in the Panasonic Building in
102:
961:(FCC) was interested in increasing the number of broadcasting outlets, and began licensing
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132:
1383:, stated that "WWJ is not the initials of any name. It is a symbol." Also, the 1973 book
6129:* = Formerly CBS Sports Radio, Audacy operated as producer with distribution handled by
687:
would become Radio News & Music's first β and ultimately only β newspaper customer.
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schedule, along with locally produced news, entertainment and music programming. After
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At this point a new group of individuals became involved. Beginning in 1907, inventor
634:. However, Clark was ultimately unable to compete with the predatory practices of the
39:
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109:
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after CBS's 1996 acquisition of that group. (Infinity later returned to using the
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2613:"Report of the Secretary of Commerce: Bureau of Navigation: Radio Communication"
1943:, Michael Lyons wrote that the license had been initially issued under his name.
1182:
1162:
809:
770:
564:
hockey.) In these cases the regular news programming can still be heard online.
494:
285:
1637:, April 1920, page 130. Thomas E. Clark had been employed by G.E. in the 1890s.
1618:
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that protected the coverage areas of other stations on 950 kHz, including
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In late September 1922 a second entertainment wavelength, 400 meters (750
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2183:
1198:
1167:
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Paper to be One of the Pioneers Distributing News and Music by Wireless?" The
643:
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re-creating an early broadcast using the original DeForest OT-10 transmitter.
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1940:
1256:
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1127:
1119:
1111:
1099:
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817:
712:
532:
256:
191:
73:
2560:
2207:
The government agency responsible for radio regulation at the time was the
7301:
NCAA national championship in bold; NCAA Final Four appearances in italics
2414:"May 1941: Commercial FM Broadcasting Begins in Michigan on W45D and W49D"
1507:
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4293:
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1932:
the owner is "Radio News and Music (Inc.), Detroit, Michigan", while the
1892:
There is varying information about the holder of the 8MK license. In the
1248:
1074:
569:
517:
452:
367:
354:
1102:
communities, where it previously had a weak signal, due to the use of a
906:
implemented a major AM band reorganization, under the provisions of its
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1678:"Dawning of Radio Miracle Recalled by WWJ Visitor" by George W. Stark,
1123:
1052:
998:
in 1978 when it split from the WWJ radio stations upon its purchase by
995:
987:
813:
557:
521:
405:
263:
None. Assigned after requesting a call that could be easily understood.
196:
2762:
1772:
Advertisements for Radio News & Music, Inc. first appeared in the
429:
17:
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1140:
1115:
1056:
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911:
899:
895:
707:
De Forest had sold the commercial rights to his radio patents to the
417:
2819:
2378:
1855:
1533:
520:
format, and is simulcast on the HD-2 sub-channel of sister station
6158:
4243:
4129:
3640:
3396:
2173:"Broadcasting's Oldest Stations: An Examination of Four Claimants"
1218:
1009:
970:
921:
879:, decided to "break in" by establishing its own station, WCX (now
855:
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4259:
2864:
2851:
2647:, (promotional pamphlet), 1946, page 2. (worldradiohistory.com)
2013:
Commercial Broadcasting Pioneer: The WEAF Experiment, 1922-1926
1062:
Along with "97.1 The Ticket," WWJ was the flagship station for
5020:
4398:
3910:
3846:
3481:
2927:
2656:
Baudino and Kittross (1977) page 79. (Italics in the original)
1829:
1309:
1301:
1059:
on September 20, 1995 to trade off the goodwill of WWJ radio.
991:
891:
880:
773:
on September 6, and, in October, play-by-play accounts as the
678:
March 25, 1920, advertisement for Radio News & Music, Inc.
668:
448:
278:
79:
1881:
Radio's First Broadcaster: An Autobiography of Elton M. Plant
1419:"AM Station Classes, and Clear, Regional, and Local Channels"
1073:
On February 2, 2017, CBS Radio announced it would merge with
2231:
for operation on 360 meters (833 kHz) for a one year period.
531:, while it operated under an amateur radio license with the
2597:"Westinghouse Exits From NAB With All Five of Its Stations"
509:
areas, and much of southern Lower Michigan during the day.
2501:"Entercom Receives FCC Approval for Merger with CBS Radio"
2792:
FCC History Cards for WWJ (covering WBL / WWJ, 1921-1979)
1055:
as its affiliate, and channel 62's calls were changed to
622:, father of William E. Scripps and then-publisher of the
2041:"Radiophone To Carry Result of World Series Game Sunday"
1562:, Ninth Season 1922-1923, November 16 and 17, page 122.
1308:, which was a re-licensing of an experimental station:
860:
Station building built in 1936, photo taken around 1942
2392:
by John Schneider, September 17, 2013 (radioworld.com)
981:(FM), so W8XWJ ceased operating in early 1940, as the
938:(NARBA) frequency reassignments, the station moved to
4858:
stations licensed to Audacy, Inc. (formerly Entercom)
1598:"Removal of Restrictions on Radio Receiving Stations"
840:
The new WBL call sign was randomly assigned, and the
2330:"Radio Conference Recommendations: New Wave Lengths"
1633:, included in "Naval Aircraft Radio" by T. Johnson,
7754:
7639:
7384:
7347:
6713:
6687:
6641:
6615:
6586:
6503:
6477:
6451:
6385:
6369:
6326:
6273:
6235:
6106:
6070:
6031:
5164:
4864:
4685:
4574:
4328:
4300:
4122:
3625:
3405:
3375:
3263:
3240:
3011:
2907:
2820:"WWJ, 'The World's First Radio Station': A History"
2490:
by Lance Venta, February 2, 2017 (radioinsight.com)
1635:
The Proceedings of the Institute of Radio Engineers
1482:"Michigan Signs Five-Year Extension With CBS Radio"
424:
404:
381:
376:
353:
314:
304:
294:
284:
272:
267:
254:
235:
215:
210:
170:
151:
146:
120:
108:
98:
93:
85:
72:
62:
46:
2025:"Radio Spreads Fight News Broadcast in 30 Seconds"
1081:WWJ (AM) transmitter relocation and signal upgrade
2816:, December 1960, (vol. 44, no. 4), pages 411β433,
2806:by C. S. Thompson (New York: Smedley Press, 1931)
2076:"Edison Concerts By Radiophone For Detroit Homes"
1757:"Wireless Sends and Picks Up News on Large Scale"
740:8MK began nightly trial broadcasts on August 20,
2745:KCBS Centennial Celebration commemorative plaque
1649:by Russ Kleinman, Dick Clark and Karen Blisard,
2645:"Going Forward with Radio" as presented by KDKA
2108:"News to Spread Election Returns by 4 Channels"
1841:"The Night Radio Was Born" by Robert P. Rimes,
1724:Thompson Company (Radio News & Music, Inc.)
1631:General Electric Type CG 4000 radio transmitter
1002:, and was Michigan's first television station.
732:Front page announcement in the August 31, 1920
2171:Baudino, Joseph E.; Kittross, John M. (1977).
1647:"Thomas E. Clark, Detroit's 'Wireless Wizard'"
1363:
1361:
936:North American Regional Broadcasting Agreement
163:(Audacy License, LLC, as Debtor-in-Possession)
7324:
6562:
6174:
4833:
4271:
2876:
8:
7799:All-news radio stations in the United States
2166:
2164:
1753:"Another New Advertising Agency in New York"
753:, was the broadcast's master of ceremonies.
32:
2772:Facility details for Facility ID 9621 (WWJ)
1930:Amateur Radio Stations of the United States
1698:, March 7, 1907, page 8 (fultonhistory.com)
1661:
1659:
1560:Detroit Symphony Orchestra: Third Programme
1344:
1342:
1014:In 1971 WWJ (AM) adopted an All News format
837:, which was installed on January 28, 1922.
7331:
7317:
7309:
6569:
6555:
6547:
6181:
6167:
6159:
4840:
4826:
4818:
4278:
4264:
4256:
3237:
2883:
2869:
2861:
2848:
2567:magazine, September 3, 1945, pages 64, 66.
2301:"Miscellaneous: Amendments to Regulations"
2155:WWJ: America's Oldest Broadcasting Station
2015:, William Peck Banning, 1946, pages 49-50.
1967:"The News Radiophone To Give Vote Results"
709:American Telephone & Telegraph Company
695:transmitter in a second floor room of the
31:
2698:"Will Give Concert by Wireless Telephone"
1997:"Land and Water Hear Returns by Wireless"
1912:has a reference to "Howard Bowman of the
1619:"Purpose of the Detroit News Radio Phone"
1441:
1439:
749:Malcolm Bingay, managing director of the
736:introducing the "Detroit News Radiophone"
2467:"CBS Radio consolidating ops in Detroit"
2071:
2069:
1207:magazine included a short note that the
6151:pursuant to a time brokerage agreement.
2804:The Life and Works of Dr. Lee De Forest
2714:"Radio School Sends Jazz Music via Air"
2682:"'Broadcasting' News by Radiotelephone"
2296:
2294:
1928:of the Department of Commerce's annual
1614:
1612:
1610:
1460:
1458:
1338:
2239:
2237:
2098:, October 27, 1920, Section 2, page 1.
1708:"Wireless Newspaper Wafted Out to Sea"
1508:"About MNN | Michigan News Radio"
2617:Reports of the Department of Commerce
2528:"Entercom Completes CBS Radio Merger"
2158:(promotional pamphlet), 1936, page 9.
1987:by Malcolm W. Bingay, 1949, page 224.
1845:, August 21, 1960, Section E, page 1.
926:1941 publicity photograph of actress
883:). A front page "explanation" in the
7:
7814:Michigan Wolverines men's basketball
6579:Michigan Wolverines men's basketball
2465:Marcucci, Carl (September 6, 2012).
2209:United States Department of Commerce
1571:"Wireless Telephone-Telegraph Co.",
1209:National Association of Broadcasters
7342:radio stations in the United States
6136:** = Audacy operates pursuant to a
482:, and the flagship station for the
27:Radio station in Detroit, Michigan
7804:Radio stations established in 1920
6286:Allen County War Memorial Coliseum
4228:List of radio stations in Michigan
2526:Venta, Lance (November 17, 2017).
2488:"CBS Radio to Merge with Entercom"
2425:"WWJ: Radio One" (advertisement),
25:
1692:"Wireless 'Phone Transmits Music"
1488:. CBS Interactive. August 8, 2011
1406:Federal Communications Commission
1398:"Facility Technical Data for WWJ"
959:Federal Communications Commission
875:, which had, in the words of the
756:The front page of the next day's
636:United Wireless Telegraph Company
514:Federal Communications Commission
4207:
4154:
2747:, June 11, 2009 (flickriver.com)
2390:"A Detroit Apex Station in 1936"
1828:Ohio (with Ed Clark who started
1815:, December 21, 1930, pages 1-2.)
1006:Adoption of news and talk format
969:activated its own Apex station,
804:"phonitorium" studio, including
38:
7809:1920 establishments in Michigan
2778:Licensing and Management System
2445:National Basketball Association
2441:"Detroit Pistons Radio Network"
2182:(Winter): 75β76. Archived from
1871:De Forest (1950) pages 326-327.
1402:Licensing and Management System
690:In a May 28, 1920, letter, the
1049:NFL-related affiliation switch
478:, is the market affiliate for
1:
3410:by frequency & subchannel
2810:"WWJβPioneer in Broadcasting"
2684:(letter from Lee de Forest),
2362:"Alterations and Corrections"
2346:"Alterations and Corrections"
2063:, September 23, 1920, page 1.
1973:, August 31, 1920, pages 1-2.
1349:"WWJβPioneer in Broadcasting"
4242:to change frequency to 90.1
2735:, December 12, 1925, page 2.
2631:by Gleason L. Archer, 1938,
2603:, October 27, 1945, page 5).
2429:, October 18, 1971, page 49.
2368:, February 2, 1925, page 10.
2352:, June 1, 1923, pages 11-12.
2282:"The Detroit News Orchestra"
2250:, November 6, 1921, page 17.
2128:, by the Radio Staff of the
2082:, January 15, 1921, page 46.
2031:, September 7, 1920, page 1.
2003:, September 1, 1920, page 1.
1937:Consolidated Radio Call Book
1825:"WWJ, a Jesuit and the Bomb"
1653:(Volume 22 β 2009), page 41.
550:Michigan Wolverines football
7819:Audacy, Inc. radio stations
6669:Michigan IMG Sports Network
6600:Fielding H. Yost Fieldhouse
2688:, April 23, 1921, page 936.
2672:, March 23, 1922, page 143.
2577:"Ryan Writes Time Magazine"
2307:, January 3, 1922, page 10.
2114:, October 31, 1920, page 1.
1730:, March 25, 1920, page 193.
1714:, November 7, 1916, page 5.
1682:, January 8, 1937, page 10.
1471:, August 20, 1945, page 31.
1147:Notable former on-air staff
1000:The Washington Post Company
845:assigned on March 3, 1922.
383:Public license information
138:Michigan IMG Sports Network
7835:
7518:Greenville, South Carolina
6311:The Palace of Auburn Hills
6281:North Side High School Gym
6212:Fort Wayne Zollner Pistons
6142:Martz Communications Group
4807:radio stations in Michigan
2047:, October 9, 1920, page 1.
1805:Louisville Courier-Journal
1604:, April 28, 1919, page 11.
1355:, December 1960, page 423.
1238:Springfield, Massachusetts
7794:Radio stations in Detroit
7386:Black Information Network
7299:
6198:
6138:local marketing agreement
6127:
4855:
4736:
4671:Benton Harbor/St. Joseph
4601:Farmington Hills/Detroit
4148:
2858:
2853:Links to related articles
2704:, July 21, 1912, page 27.
2619:, July 1, 1923, page 221.
2080:The Talking Machine World
1588:, August 4, 1906, page 2.
1452:, April 1, 1939, page 25.
823:In the fall of 1921, the
37:
6093:Pineapple Street Studios
2812:by Cynthia Boyes Young,
2629:History of Radio to 1926
2316:"WWJ (An Explanation)",
2211:'s Bureau of Navigation.
1898:Pittsburgh Gazette-Times
1575:, July 19, 1902, page 4.
1351:by Cynthia Boyes Young,
1230:Federal Radio Commission
904:Federal Radio Commission
7766:Lancaster, Pennsylvania
6046:Infinity Sports Network
4555:Traverse City/Petoskey
4152:Nearby regions –
2718:San Jose Mercury Herald
2702:San Jose Mercury Herald
2180:Journal of Broadcasting
1245:Journal of Broadcasting
512:WWJ is licensed by the
484:Michigan Sports Network
474:, the station services
316:Transmitter coordinates
6119:List of radio stations
6057:New York Yankees Radio
4190:South Central Michigan
2891:Radio stations in the
2833:Detroit News Orchestra
2788:'s AM station database
2720:, May 3, 1921, page 4.
2666:"The Pioneer in Radio"
2366:Radio Service Bulletin
2350:Radio Service Bulletin
2320:, May 4, 1922, page 1.
2305:Radio Service Bulletin
2225:Radio Service Bulletin
1906:November 3, 1917 issue
1602:United States Bulletin
1379:1922 station history,
1224:
1189:Pioneer station status
1015:
992:NBC television network
931:
861:
853:
800:
737:
679:
611:
7398:Riverside, California
6052:Sabres Hockey Network
4185:Sandusky/Port Clinton
2733:San Jose Evening News
2585:Broadcasting Yearbook
2272:Plant (1989) page 36.
1926:June 30, 1921 edition
1918:August 17, 1920 issue
1584:"'Ads' By Wireless",
1431:AM Query Results: WWJ
1323:Charles "Doc" Herrold
1222:
1041:Infinity Broadcasting
1013:
925:
859:
851:
797:
731:
677:
609:
338:42.01917Β°N 83.23972Β°W
268:Technical information
7528:Phenix City, Alabama
7460:MinneapolisβSt. Paul
6679:Jumpman Invitational
6536:Malice at the Palace
6317:Little Caesars Arena
6214:(1937β1948) and the
4218:Southwestern Ontario
4180:Lansing-East Lansing
2563:(in Radio section),
2286:WWJβThe Detroit News
2125:WWJβThe Detroit News
2057:"Sings for Wireless"
1381:WWJβThe Detroit News
1327:San Jose, California
979:frequency modulation
975:amplitude modulation
556:baseball games when
516:to broadcast in the
223: (104 years ago)
221:August 20, 1920
7745:Fort Wayne, Indiana
7430:(Fort WorthβDallas)
6705:Statistical leaders
4575:Part-time news/talk
4329:Full-time news/talk
4240:construction permit
4135:WBRB/WWHK (1430 AM)
2416:(michiganguide.com)
2404:(michiganguide.com)
1894:April 4, 1920 issue
1779:(page 20), and the
1556:Tecla Company, Inc.
1385:The News of Detroit
1306:Oakland, California
1104:directional antenna
952:Golden Age of Radio
828:instead issued the
343:42.01917; -83.23972
334: /
274:Licensing authority
34:
7727:(Washington, D.C.)
6674:Fox Sports Detroit
6642:Culture & lore
6594:Waterman Gymnasium
6495:Los Angeles Lakers
6370:G League affiliate
6306:Pontiac Silverdome
6216:Fort Wayne Pistons
6071:Digital properties
4745:adult contemporary
4661:Sault. Ste. Marie
3377:NOAA Weather Radio
2507:. November 9, 2017
2469:. RBR.com TVBR.com
2244:"Radio Department"
2092:"To Build a Radio"
1922:Detroit Radio News
1371:and John Scripps,
1253:Madison, Wisconsin
1225:
1020:middle of the road
1016:
932:
872:Detroit Free Press
862:
854:
801:
738:
680:
616:William E. Scripps
612:
458:licensed to serve
451:) is a commercial
7781:
7780:
7775:
7774:
7532:Columbus, Georgia
7306:
7305:
6659:Ed Martin scandal
6544:
6543:
6526:1990 Detroit riot
6452:NBA championships
6377:Motor City Cruise
6296:Memorial Building
6225:Detroit, Michigan
6156:
6155:
4815:
4814:
4621:Hancock/Houghton
4253:
4252:
4195:Thumb of Michigan
3371:
3370:
2901:metropolitan area
2668:(advertisement),
1910:The Fourth Estate
1809:The Baltimore Sun
1776:The Fourth Estate
1763:, March 13, 1920.
1761:The Fourth Estate
1726:(advertisement),
1558:(advertisement),
1467:(advertisement),
1448:(advertisement),
954:gradually ended.
783:1920 World Series
775:Cleveland Indians
562:Detroit Red Wings
468:WWJ Newsradio 950
460:Detroit, Michigan
442:
441:
237:Former call signs
89:Newsradio 950 WWJ
51:Detroit, Michigan
16:(Redirected from
7826:
7333:
7326:
7319:
7310:
6736:
6717:
6580:
6571:
6564:
6557:
6548:
6504:Culture and lore
6226:
6206:
6192:
6183:
6176:
6169:
6160:
6147:β = Operated by
4842:
4835:
4828:
4819:
4292:in the state of
4280:
4273:
4266:
4257:
4213:
4211:
4210:
4160:
4158:
4157:
3238:
2885:
2878:
2871:
2862:
2849:
2843:Media in Detroit
2814:Michigan History
2766:
2765:
2763:Official website
2748:
2742:
2736:
2727:
2721:
2711:
2705:
2695:
2689:
2686:Electrical World
2679:
2673:
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2308:
2298:
2289:
2288:, 1922, page 53.
2279:
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2264:
2257:
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2232:
2218:
2212:
2205:
2199:
2198:
2196:
2194:
2189:on March 5, 2017
2188:
2177:
2168:
2159:
2151:
2145:
2139:
2133:
2132:, 1922, page 19.
2121:
2115:
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2099:
2089:
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2022:
2016:
2010:
2004:
1994:
1988:
1980:
1974:
1964:
1958:
1950:
1944:
1890:
1884:
1878:
1872:
1869:
1863:
1852:
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1839:
1833:
1822:
1816:
1797:Kansas City Star
1793:
1787:
1770:
1764:
1750:
1744:
1737:
1731:
1721:
1715:
1712:New York Tribune
1705:
1699:
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1422:
1416:
1410:
1409:
1394:
1388:
1365:
1356:
1353:Michigan History
1346:
1313:in early 1923.)
1032:The Detroit News
908:General Order 40
835:Western Electric
779:Brooklyn Dodgers
657:General Electric
620:James E. Scripps
560:is broadcasting
546:flagship station
495:transmitter site
466:format known as
438:
435:
433:
431:
416:
372:
371:
365:
362:
349:
348:
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345:
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42:
35:
21:
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7823:
7784:
7783:
7782:
7777:
7776:
7771:
7750:
7635:
7588:(New York City)
7484:W256BT/WMMS-HD2
7380:
7363:(New York City)
7343:
7337:
7307:
7302:
7295:
6734:
6725:List of seasons
6715:
6709:
6683:
6637:
6611:
6582:
6578:
6575:
6545:
6540:
6499:
6473:
6447:
6386:Retired numbers
6381:
6365:
6349:General manager
6322:
6291:Detroit Olympia
6269:
6243:All-time roster
6231:
6224:
6204:
6194:
6191:Detroit Pistons
6190:
6187:
6157:
6152:
6145:
6134:
6123:
6102:
6066:
6027:
5160:
4860:
4851:
4846:
4816:
4811:
4810:
4732:
4681:
4570:
4324:
4296:
4284:
4254:
4249:
4238:1. Station has
4232:
4208:
4206:
4155:
4153:
4144:
4118:
3621:
3409:
3401:
3379:
3367:
3259:
3236:
3007:
2903:
2889:
2854:
2829:
2800:
2798:Further reading
2761:
2760:
2757:
2752:
2751:
2743:
2739:
2728:
2724:
2712:
2708:
2696:
2692:
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2651:
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2639:
2627:
2623:
2611:
2607:
2575:
2571:
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2400:
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2206:
2202:
2192:
2190:
2186:
2175:
2170:
2169:
2162:
2152:
2148:
2144:., pages 14-15.
2140:
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2118:
2106:
2102:
2090:
2086:
2074:
2067:
2055:
2051:
2039:
2035:
2023:
2019:
2011:
2007:
1995:
1991:
1981:
1977:
1965:
1961:
1951:
1947:
1891:
1887:
1879:
1875:
1870:
1866:
1853:
1849:
1840:
1836:
1823:
1819:
1794:
1790:
1781:March 18, 1920
1774:March 13, 1920
1771:
1767:
1751:
1747:
1738:
1734:
1722:
1718:
1706:
1702:
1696:New York Herald
1690:
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1366:
1359:
1347:
1340:
1335:
1191:
1178:Byron MacGregor
1149:
1083:
1064:Detroit Pistons
1051:where CBS lost
1036:Gannett Company
1024:beautiful music
1008:
944:NBC Red Network
920:
918:1930s and 1940s
792:
726:
632:City of Detroit
594:
581:
541:
503:Upper Peninsula
462:, featuring an
428:
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384:
366:
363:
360:
359:
342:
340:
336:
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328:
325:
323:
321:
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317:
275:
260:
250:
247:WBL (1921β1922)
244:8MK (1920β1921)
238:
227:
225:
222:
218:
206:
175:
173:Sister stations
166:
142:
133:Detroit Pistons
58:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
7832:
7830:
7822:
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7806:
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7748:
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7698:
7684:
7674:
7660:
7645:
7643:
7641:CBS News Radio
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7613:
7603:
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7381:
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7378:
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7353:
7351:
7349:ABC News Radio
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6666:
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6636:
6635:
6630:
6628:Michigan State
6625:
6619:
6617:
6613:
6612:
6610:
6609:
6608:(1967βpresent)
6606:Crisler Center
6603:
6597:
6590:
6588:
6584:
6583:
6576:
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6573:
6566:
6559:
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6507:
6505:
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6485:Boston Celtics
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6361:Monty Williams
6358:
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6268:
6267:
6264:Current season
6260:
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6237:
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6208:
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6149:Bloomberg L.P.
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6033:Radio Networks
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2221:"New Stations"
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554:Detroit Tigers
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480:CBS News Radio
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6490:Chicago Bulls
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6248:Draft history
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5408:
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5398:
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5318:
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5139:
5137:
5134:
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5129:
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5119:
5117:
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5112:
5109:
5107:
5104:
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5099:
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5019:
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4908:
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4636:
4633:
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4611:Grand Rapids
4610:
4606:
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4600:
4596:
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4415:Grand Rapids
4414:
4410:
4407:
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4400:
4397:
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4389:
4385:
4382:
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4360:Battle Creek
4359:
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4161:United States
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3407:Digital radio
3404:
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2838:Greg McNeilly
2836:
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2786:Nielsen Audio
2783:
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2699:
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2670:Printers' Ink
2667:
2662:
2659:
2653:
2650:
2646:
2641:
2638:
2634:
2630:
2625:
2622:
2618:
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2609:
2606:
2602:
2601:The Billboard
2598:
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2590:
2586:
2582:
2578:
2573:
2570:
2566:
2562:
2557:
2554:
2548:
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2532:Radio Insight
2529:
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2506:
2502:
2496:
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2377:Rimes (1963)
2374:
2371:
2367:
2363:
2358:
2355:
2351:
2347:
2342:
2339:
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2331:
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2302:
2297:
2295:
2291:
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2275:
2269:
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2262:
2259:Young (1960)
2256:
2253:
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2245:
2240:
2238:
2234:
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2226:
2222:
2217:
2214:
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2026:
2021:
2018:
2014:
2009:
2006:
2002:
1998:
1993:
1990:
1986:
1985:
1979:
1976:
1972:
1968:
1963:
1960:
1955:
1949:
1946:
1942:
1938:
1935:
1931:
1927:
1923:
1919:
1915:
1911:
1907:
1904:employeeβthe
1903:
1899:
1895:
1889:
1886:
1882:
1877:
1874:
1868:
1865:
1861:
1857:
1854:Rimes (1963)
1851:
1848:
1844:
1838:
1835:
1831:
1826:
1821:
1818:
1814:
1810:
1806:
1802:
1798:
1792:
1789:
1785:
1784:
1783:Printers' Ink
1778:
1777:
1769:
1766:
1762:
1758:
1754:
1749:
1746:
1742:
1736:
1733:
1729:
1728:Printers' Ink
1725:
1720:
1717:
1713:
1709:
1704:
1701:
1697:
1693:
1688:
1685:
1681:
1675:
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1665:Young (1960)
1662:
1660:
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1527:
1523:
1520:Young (1960)
1517:
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1500:
1487:
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1399:
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1378:
1377:Detroit News'
1374:
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1284:
1279:
1273:
1271:
1267:
1261:
1258:
1254:
1250:
1246:
1243:In 1977, the
1241:
1239:
1233:
1231:
1221:
1217:
1214:
1210:
1206:
1205:
1200:
1196:
1188:
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1159:
1156:
1154:
1153:Mark Champion
1151:
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1137:
1133:
1129:
1125:
1121:
1117:
1113:
1109:
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1097:
1093:
1092:Monroe County
1088:
1080:
1078:
1076:
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1069:
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664:Lee de Forest
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491:
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485:
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477:
476:Metro Detroit
473:
469:
465:
461:
457:
456:radio station
454:
450:
446:
437:
436:/wwjnewsradio
427:
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7695:Philadelphia
7610:Philadelphia
7253:
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7033:
6976:
6969:
6700:NBA draftees
6695:Head coaches
6663:
6521:Jordan Rules
6511:Broadcasters
6352:
6345:Ed Stefanski
6315:
6262:
6253:Head coaches
6222:
6215:
6211:
6203:
6135:
6131:Westwood One
5125:
4857:
4849:Audacy, Inc.
4750:classic hits
4317:
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4081:
3496:
3014:FM frequency
2937:
2910:AM frequency
2813:
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2732:
2730:KQW schedule
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2547:
2537:November 17,
2535:. Retrieved
2531:
2521:
2511:November 17,
2509:. Retrieved
2505:Entercom.com
2504:
2495:
2483:
2473:December 30,
2471:. Retrieved
2460:
2448:. Retrieved
2434:
2427:Broadcasting
2426:
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2318:Detroit News
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2248:Detroit News
2247:
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2193:September 2,
2191:. Retrieved
2184:the original
2179:
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2130:Detroit News
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2001:Detroit News
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1984:Of Me I Sing
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1490:. Retrieved
1485:
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1469:Broadcasting
1468:
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1449:
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1234:
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1202:
1192:
1173:Bill Kennedy
1132:Philadelphia
1110:in Chicago,
1084:
1072:
1061:
1031:
1029:
1017:
982:
967:Detroit News
966:
956:
948:World War II
940:950 kHz
933:
928:Dorothy Gish
912:920 kHz
900:850 kHz
896:580 kHz
889:
884:
876:
870:
866:
863:
841:
839:
829:
824:
822:
806:Lillian Gish
802:
767:Jack Dempsey
763:
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751:Detroit News
750:
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597:
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592:Preparations
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526:
511:
492:
472:Audacy, Inc.
467:
444:
443:
310:50,000 watts
159:Audacy, Inc.
121:Affiliations
29:
7755:Independent
7671:Los Angeles
7580:New Orleans
7542:Springfield
6602:(1923β1967)
6596:(1908β1923)
6218:(1948β1957)
6202:Founded in
4641:Port Huron
4545:Tawas City
4370:Big Rapids
3265:Translators
2581:NAB Reports
2450:October 11,
1941:1973 letter
1786:(page 202).
1759:(page 24),
1486:MGoBlue.com
1183:Fred Manfra
1163:Sonny Eliot
810:Fanny Brice
790:Early years
777:bested the
771:Billy Miske
539:Programming
470:. Owned by
411:Listen live
391:Public file
355:Repeater(s)
341: /
286:Facility ID
99:Language(s)
94:Programming
7788:Categories
7596:Pikesville
7556:Dry Branch
7418:Fort Worth
6633:Ohio State
6531:John Mason
6357:Head coach
6301:Cobo Arena
4712:Ishpeming
4631:Hillsdale
4581:Coldwater
4485:Ludington
4455:Kalamazoo
4345:Ann Arbor
4175:Fort Wayne
1755:(page 9);
1651:AWA Review
1333:References
1232:in 1927.)
1199:Pittsburgh
1168:Paul Keels
1158:Hugh Downs
1068:Southfield
644:Morse code
488:Southfield
329:83Β°14β²23β³W
228:1920-08-20
7600:Baltimore
7488:Cleveland
7478:Charlotte
7456:Shoreview
7410:βSeattle)
7162:1999β2000
6616:Rivalries
6478:Rivalries
6341:President
6337:Tom Gores
6327:Personnel
6236:Franchise
6221:Based in
6114:CBS Radio
6083:Cadence13
6062:Channel Q
4780:religious
4765:news/talk
4722:Manistee
4651:Sandusky
4591:Escanaba
4505:Muskegon
4495:Manistee
4425:Hastings
4405:Escanaba
4380:Cadillac
4287:News/Talk
4165:Ann Arbor
3628:call sign
3380:frequency
2593:Billboard
2561:"Pioneer"
2439:NBA.com.
2334:Radio Age
1534:"Preface"
1492:August 8,
1433:(FCC.gov)
1421:(FCC.gov)
1100:Downriver
1045:CBS Radio
818:Babe Ruth
713:call sign
533:call sign
370:(Detroit)
326:42Β°01β²9β³N
257:Call sign
147:Ownership
74:Frequency
7470:WRFX-HD2
7452:KQQL-HD2
7340:All-news
6649:Fab Five
6333:Owner(s)
6107:See also
6088:Eventful
5168:stations
5166:FM radio
4868:stations
4866:AM radio
4741:See also
4530:Saginaw
4470:Lansing
4445:Jackson
4435:Holland
4390:Detroit
4309:Detroit
4302:All-news
4294:Michigan
4224:See also
2897:Michigan
2827:See also
2633:page 216
2379:page 125
2261:page 420
1957:meters".
1934:May 1922
1856:page 125
1667:page 413
1546:license.
1522:page 412
1087:Oak Park
1075:Entercom
799:Edwards.
570:HD Radio
518:HD Radio
507:Mackinac
497:is near
368:WXYT-HD2
86:Branding
7762:WNUZ-LP
7735:Detroit
7725:WTOP-FM
7709:Chicago
7705:WCFS-FM
7691:WPHI-FM
7653:KFRC-FM
7630:Augusta
7570:Norfolk
7508:Detroit
7498:Atlanta
7474:Belmont
7438:Oakland
7375:Seattle
7371:KNWN-FM
7361:WINS-FM
7291:2024β25
7286:2023β24
7281:2022β23
7276:2021β22
7271:2020β21
7266:2019β20
7261:2018β19
7255:2017β18
7249:2016β17
7244:2015β16
7239:2014β15
7234:2013β14
7228:2012β13
7222:2011β12
7217:2010β11
7212:2009β10
7207:2008β09
7202:2007β08
7197:2006β07
7192:2005β06
7187:2004β05
7182:2003β04
7177:2002β03
7172:2001β02
7167:2000β01
7157:1998β99
7152:1997β98
7147:1996β97
7142:1995β96
7137:1994β95
7132:1993β94
7126:1992β93
7119:1991β92
7113:1990β91
7108:1989β90
7102:1988β89
7096:1987β88
7091:1986β87
7086:1985β86
7081:1984β85
7076:1983β84
7071:1982β83
7066:1981β82
7061:1980β81
7056:1979β80
7051:1978β79
7046:1977β78
7041:1976β77
7035:1975β76
7029:1974β75
7024:1973β74
7019:1972β73
7014:1971β72
7009:1970β71
7004:1969β70
6999:1968β69
6994:1967β68
6989:1966β67
6984:1965β66
6978:1964β65
6971:1963β64
6965:1962β63
6960:1961β62
6955:1960β61
6950:1959β60
6945:1958β59
6940:1957β58
6935:1956β57
6930:1955β56
6925:1954β55
6920:1953β54
6915:1952β53
6910:1951β52
6905:1950β51
6900:1949β50
6895:1948β49
6890:1947β48
6885:1946β47
6880:1945β46
6875:1944β45
6870:1943β44
6865:1942β43
6860:1941β42
6855:1940β41
6850:1939β40
6845:1938β39
6840:1937β38
6835:1936β37
6830:1935β36
6825:1934β35
6820:1933β34
6815:1932β33
6810:1931β32
6805:1930β31
6800:1929β30
6795:1928β29
6790:1927β28
6785:1926β27
6780:1925β26
6775:1924β25
6770:1923β24
6765:1922β23
6760:1921β22
6755:1920β21
6750:1919β20
6745:1918β19
6740:1917β18
6735:1909β17
6730:1908β09
6716:Seasons
6258:Seasons
6098:Play.it
6013:WYRD-FM
6003:WXYT-FM
5968:WWDE-FM
5953:WVEI-FM
5933:WTVR-FM
5923:WTIC-FM
5918:WTDY-FM
5908:WSPA-FM
5898:WSKY-FM
5888:WRXR-FM
5841:WPXY-FM
5826:WPHI-FM
5821:WPGC-FM
5811:WOMX-FM
5801:WOLX-FM
5781:WNEW-FM
5771:WMYX-FM
5761:WMMM-FM
5746:WMFS-FM
5741:WMAS-FM
5721:WLMZ-FM
5676:WKRK-FM
5646:WJFK-FM
5636:WINS-FM
5631:WILK-FM
5611:WFUN-FM
5606:WFBC-FM
5601:WFAN-FM
5591:WEEI-FM
5581:WDSY-FM
5570:WDCH-FM
5565:WDAF-FM
5560:WCMF-FM
5555:WCFS-FM
5550:WCBS-FM
5520:WBEE-FM
5510:WBBM-FM
5485:KYCH-FM
5475:KXQQ-FM
5465:KWJJ-FM
5395:KROQ-FM
5390:KRLD-FM
5380:KQRC-FM
5365:KOOL-FM
5355:KNSS-FM
5320:KMBZ-FM
5315:KLUC-FM
5295:KKMJ-FM
5265:KILT-FM
5245:KGMZ-FM
5240:KFTK-FM
5230:KFRC-FM
5225:KFNZ-FM
5215:KEZK-FM
5210:KEYN-FM
5205:KDKA-FM
5195:KCBS-FM
5180:KALV-FM
4760:country
4755:college
4692:Alpena
4686:Defunct
4675:WSJM-FM
4635:WRFH-LP
4539:WSGW-FM
4524:WTRC-FM
4514:WOOD-FM
4335:Adrian
4123:Defunct
4097:WXYT-FM
4020:WRCJ-FM
4015:WPYF269
3983:WNUC-LP
3951:WMUZ-FM
3936:WMGC-FM
3901:WHPR-FM
3896:WHMI-FM
3876:WFCB-LP
3783:WDET-FM
3617:107.5-2
3612:107.5-1
3607:106.7-1
3602:105.9-2
3597:105.9-1
3592:105.1-1
3587:104.3-2
3582:104.3-1
3577:103.5-3
3572:103.5-2
3567:103.5-1
3562:102.7-3
3557:102.7-2
3552:102.7-1
3547:101.9-1
3542:101.1-3
3537:101.1-2
3532:101.1-1
3527:100.3-1
3387:162.425
3030:WHPR-FM
2923:680/690
2893:Detroit
2774:in the
1920:of the
1896:of the
1375:of the
1373:page 82
1369:William
1124:Houston
1096:Newport
1094:, near
1053:WJBK-TV
996:WDIV-TV
988:WXYT-FM
814:Ty Cobb
781:in the
603:"8MK".
579:History
558:WXYT-FM
522:WXYT-FM
499:Newport
432:.audacy
425:Website
406:Webcast
259:meaning
226: (
211:History
197:WXYT-FM
103:English
7719:Boston
7681:Dallas
7667:KNX-FM
7546:Dayton
7466:W254AZ
7448:W227BF
7422:Dallas
7408:Tacoma
6688:People
6587:Venues
6516:Hooper
6353:Vacant
6274:Arenas
6078:Audacy
5978:WWL-FM
5661:WJZ-FM
5641:WIP-FM
5360:KNX-FM
4795:top 40
4790:sports
4775:oldies
4702:Flint
4520:Niles
4214:Canada
4212:
4200:Toledo
4159:
3731:W300DI
3726:W296DY
3721:W296CG
3716:W292DK
3711:W288BK
3706:W284BQ
3701:W280EL
3696:W276DB
3691:W268CN
3686:W260CB
3681:W256EA
3676:W252BX
3671:W248CC
3666:W244DL
3661:W236DR
3656:W232CA
3651:W228CJ
3646:W224CC
3522:99.5-1
3517:98.7-2
3512:98.7-1
3507:97.9-1
3502:97.1-3
3497:97.1-2
3492:97.1-1
3487:96.3-3
3482:96.3-2
3477:96.3-1
3472:95.5-1
3467:94.7-3
3462:94.7-2
3457:94.7-1
3452:93.1-1
3447:92.3-1
3442:91.7-1
3437:90.9-1
3397:162.55
3392:162.45
3356:W296DY
3351:W296CG
3347:107.1
1807:, and
1141:950 AM
1126:, and
1116:Denver
1057:WWJ-TV
1034:, the
963:"Apex"
816:, and
418:Audacy
415:
364:
110:Format
18:WWJ-AM
7620:Miami
7560:Macon
6140:with
4805:other
4800:urban
4235:Notes
4170:Flint
4130:W8XWJ
3641:KEC63
3363:107.9
3343:106.3
3338:105.5
3333:104.7
3328:103.9
3323:103.1
3318:101.5
3255:100.7
3232:107.5
3227:106.7
3222:105.9
3217:105.1
3212:104.3
3207:103.5
3202:102.7
3197:101.9
3192:101.1
3187:100.3
3086:89.5
3071:89.3
3046:88.3
3021:88.1
2187:(PDF)
2176:(PDF)
971:W8XWJ
724:Debut
447:(950
377:Links
306:Power
296:Class
152:Owner
7701:WBBM
7677:KRLD
7649:KCBS
7626:WYNF
7616:WXBN
7606:WTEL
7592:WQLL
7586:WWRL
7576:WODT
7566:WNOH
7552:WMGE
7538:WIZE
7524:WHTY
7514:WGVL
7504:WDFN
7494:WBIN
7434:KKSF
7428:KKGM
7414:KHVN
7404:KHHO
7394:KFOO
7367:KNWN
7357:WINS
6653:film
6623:Duke
6469:2004
6464:1990
6459:1989
6205:1937
6023:WZMX
6018:WZGC
6008:WYCD
5998:WXSS
5993:WXRT
5988:WXBK
5983:WWMX
5973:WWEI
5963:WWBX
5958:WVKL
5948:WVEE
5943:WUSY
5938:WUSN
5928:WTPT
5913:WSTR
5903:WSMW
5893:WSFS
5876:WRXL
5871:WRVR
5866:WRVQ
5861:WROQ
5856:WRCH
5851:WQMG
5846:WQAL
5836:WPTE
5831:WPOW
5816:WPAW
5806:WOMC
5796:WOGL
5791:WOCL
5786:WNVZ
5776:WNCX
5766:WMXJ
5756:WMJX
5751:WMHX
5736:WLZL
5731:WLYF
5726:WLND
5716:WLMG
5711:WLKK
5706:WLIF
5701:WLFP
5696:WKXJ
5691:WKTK
5686:WKSE
5681:WKRZ
5671:WKIS
5666:WKBU
5656:WJMH
5651:WJHM
5626:WIAD
5621:WHHL
5616:WGGY
5596:WEZB
5586:WDZH
5576:WDOK
5545:WBZZ
5540:WBZA
5535:WBTJ
5530:WBMX
5525:WBGB
5515:WBEB
5505:KZPT
5500:KZJK
5495:KYXY
5490:KYKY
5480:KXSN
5470:KXFG
5460:KWFN
5450:KVIL
5445:KUDL
5440:KTWV
5435:KSWD
5430:KSPF
5425:KSON
5420:KSFM
5415:KSEG
5410:KRXQ
5405:KRTH
5400:KRSK
5385:KRBQ
5375:KQMT
5370:KQKS
5350:KNRK
5345:KNDD
5340:KMXB
5335:KMVK
5330:KMNB
5325:KMLE
5310:KLOL
5305:KLLC
5300:KKWF
5290:KKHH
5285:KKDO
5280:KJKK
5275:KITS
5270:KISW
5260:KHTP
5255:KHMX
5250:KGON
5235:KFRG
5220:KFBZ
5200:KDGS
5190:KBZT
5185:KAMX
5175:KALC
5156:WYRD
5151:WXYT
5146:WWWS
5141:WWWL
5131:WWKB
5121:WVEI
5116:WTIC
5111:WTEM
5106:WSSP
5101:WSCR
5096:WRVA
5091:WROC
5086:WRNL
5081:WQAM
5076:WPHT
5071:WORD
5066:WMFS
5056:WLMZ
5046:WJFK
5041:WINS
5036:WILK
5031:WHSQ
5026:WHLL
5016:WFAN
5011:WEEI
5006:WCCO
5001:WBEN
4996:WBBM
4991:WAXY
4986:WAOK
4980:WAMO
4975:WAAF
4970:KYYS
4960:KXNT
4955:KWOD
4950:KRLD
4940:KNSS
4935:KMTT
4930:KMOX
4925:KMBZ
4920:KJCE
4915:KILT
4910:KIKK
4905:KIFM
4900:KFXX
4895:KFNZ
4885:KDKA
4880:KCBS
4875:KAMP
4785:rock
4726:WMTE
4716:WIAN
4706:WFNT
4696:WATZ
4665:WKNW
4655:WMIC
4645:WPHM
4625:WMPL
4615:WTKG
4605:WFDF
4595:WDBC
4585:WTVB
4564:WTCM
4559:WMKT
4549:WIOS
4534:WSGW
4509:WKBZ
4499:WMLQ
4489:WLDN
4479:WJIM
4474:WILS
4464:WKMI
4459:WKZO
4449:WKHM
4439:WHTC
4429:WBCH
4419:WOOD
4409:WCHT
4394:WDTK
4384:WATT
4374:WBRN
4364:WBCK
4354:WLBY
4349:WAAM
4339:WABJ
4313:WDFN
4114:WYCD
4092:WXYT
4087:WXOU
4077:WVMV
4072:WUOM
4067:WUFL
4062:WTAC
4057:WSHJ
4052:WSDP
4047:WSMF
4030:WRIF
4025:WRDT
4010:WPON
4005:WPHS
4000:WOVI
3988:WOMC
3978:WNZK
3973:WNIC
3968:WMXD
3946:WMUZ
3941:WMKM
3931:WLQV
3926:WLLZ
3921:WKQI
3916:WKEG
3906:WJLB
3891:WHFR
3886:WGPR
3881:WFDF
3871:WERW
3859:WDZH
3842:WDVD
3837:WDTW
3832:WDTP
3827:WDTK
3822:WDTE
3810:WDMK
3793:WDKL
3788:WDFN
3778:WCXI
3761:WCSX
3756:WCHB
3751:WCAR
3746:WBLD
3741:WBFH
3736:WAHS
3636:KDTI
3432:1340
3427:1200
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