245:
1456:
1337:
1136:
688:
89:
878:
354:
414:
938:
1440:
Ueda Chita and Mr. Kanda Saburo, and finished in August of the same year. The job was entrusted to the direction of
Nakarai Kiyoshi, governor of Kanagawa, who in respect of tradition reused as much as possible the old parts, and requested the necessary stone replacements from Inushima. In addition to obtaining the seven stone pieces from the original source, he was careful to preserve the general look of the monument.
2033:一之鳥居此の大鳥居は一之鳥居ともいひ、治承4年12月源頼朝の創建にかかり、壽永元年夫人政子築造の段葛と共に若宮大路の偉観たり。以来武門武将により再建修理を行ふこと数次。寛文8年徳川家綱祖母崇源院の大願を承け、備前犬島産花崗石を以て此の鳥居を始め、第二第三の鳥居を再興せり。就中此の大鳥居は夙に我が国石鳥居の範を仰がれ、明治37年8月国賓に指定せらる。然るに大正12年関東大震災の際、柱下部を残して悉く顛落大破せり。即ち文部省に請ひ、復讐の速ならむことを計りしが、昭和9年文部技師阪谷良之進同嘱託大岡實に依り、稍く重修の設計成り、同11年3月国庫補助並に東京上田ちた近田三郎両名の献資を以て工を起し、同年8月其の功を竣へたり。本工事は神奈川県知事半井清監督の下に施工し、専ら古法を尊び菖材の再用を旨とし、補足材は之を犬島に求め、東西柱上部笠木及貫中部同東部西沓石北側の7個を加えたる外、苟くも景観の美を損せさらしむるに力めたり。
752:, a raised pathway flanked by cherry trees which becomes gradually wider as it goes toward the sea. This structure makes it to seem, when seen from Tsurugaoka Hachiman-gū, longer than it actually is. It is lined with cherry trees which bloom every year in early April, when many visitors come from all over the Kantō region to see them. Its entire length is under the direct administration of the shrine.
17:
1001:, where a brook (now covered but still visible on Komachi Dōri) crossed Wakamiya Ōji. The third was at today's Geba, where, according to a brass plaque found on the spot, the Sansuke river flows. (The river was covered in the 1960s to ease traffic.) Because at each bridge there was a sign with the order to horsemen to dismount, they were called respectively Kami no Geba
1056:
A long time ago, when samurai came to worship at
Tsurugaoka Hachiman-gū, they had to dismount from their horses here, and for that reason this place was called Geba. The name has remained. Geba has an important position within Kamakura and old stories tell how it was often a battleground. It is said
1516:
the order to arrest the
Hatakeyama, he surrounded Shigeyasu's residence with his soldiers. Shigeyasu fought well, but in the end was killed. The day was June 22, 1205, and this is where the residence stood. The day after, Shigetada himself was tricked into going to Musashinokuni's (a region in the
1439:
of 1923. The
Ministry of Education immediately made plans for its reconstruction, and in 1934 the project was entrusted to Sakatani Ryōnoshin and Oka Hiroshi, who in a short time planned the necessary repairs. In March 1936, work was started with the financial help of the National Treasury, of Mr.
873:
tells us that damages from floods were so great that pilgrims going to
Tsurugaoka Hachiman-gū and other pedestrians had to take a detour. It also describes the efforts of a private citizen who entered priesthood, started carrying dirt and stones to repair the Dankazura, and begged for money to fix
925:. They are almost identical, but one has the mouth open, the other closed. This is a very common pattern in statue pairs at both temples and shrines (it is in effect Buddhist in origin) and has an important symbolic meaning. The open mouth is pronouncing the first letter of the
75:
it was an essential part of the city's religious life, and as such it hosted many ceremonies and was rich with symbolism. Since its construction
Wakamiya Ōji has been the backbone of the city's street planning and the center of its cultural life. The street has been declared a
1119:. On November 22 the two men were sketching near Wakamiya Ōji when they were stopped and murdered by some samurai. Three men were arrested and executed for the crime, and the head of their leader was publicly displayed in Yokohama. Baldwin and Bird were laid to rest in
395:(with the curious exception of houses of ill repute) had to face away from Wakamiya Ōji (today's Hongaku-ji is a good example). Like today, the social class of those living to the west of the avenue was in general lower. The reason seems to be that, because six of the
1293:
Hachiman and the sea. As such, it had great religious importance. Since all the crossings with other big roads where further north, this spot was probably not very frequented, but it was here however that periodically was held a ceremony to calm a wind called
258:, see below), and on its sides run a 1.5 m ditch. Next to its upper course, on the two sides there were empty spaces where the remains of a market have been found. Being a shrine's approach, the avenue passes under three
399:
faced west and any attack was in any case likely to come from Kyoto, which lies in the same direction, Wakamiya Ōji had a military value as a line of defense, and positions on its east side were desirable.
241:(see below) in a ceremony part of a whole week of religious celebrations. Analogously, the term Sendō ("a thousand times") refers to the custom of praying a thousand times while on this sacred avenue.
71:. Over the centuries Wakamiya Ōji has gone thorough an extreme change. A heavily trafficked road today, it used to be, to the contrary, off limits to most people as a sacred space. At the time of the
672:
was a branch of the Naka no Michi that departed before
Tsurumi (within today's Yokohama), then crossed Maruko, Shibuya, Hatogaya, Yono, Iwatsuki, Iwatsuki, Koga, and Yūki, then reaching Utsunomiya.
1216:, called "Hama no Ōtorii" ("Great Beach Torii"), was first erected in 1180 and then rebuilt several times. The remains of its pillars were dated on the basis of objects found with them to the
1285:
used to stand in the
Kamakura period, but it is certain that the shoreline a thousand years ago was much behind today's, so the sea was probably very close to the great gate. This particular
1523:
In spite of the traditional attribution, who the grave belongs to is a mystery, and even the year of its construction is uncertain. Nonetheless, because
Shigeyasu suffered from
2018:
Note that, even though
Takahashi doesn't specify this, the month must in this case be lunar. No lunar calendar period can always correspond to Gregorian February. According to
350:, entered Kamakura with his son through Wakamiya Ōji. Normal people were rarely allowed on it, but the Azuma Kagami records that on this occasion it was lined with onlookers.
1266:
Discovered during an archeological survey in February 1990 Pillar dimensions: 160 cm thick, length unknown Structure: Single core with 8 surrounding pieces Material: Core in
131:. The name Wakamiya Ōji means "Young Prince Avenue" and derives from its having been built in 1182 as a prayer for the safe delivery of Yoritomo's first son, future shōgun
1497:'s son-in-law. Tomomasa hadn't forgotten the fact and so spoke to Tokimasa against both the Hatakeyama. Tokimasa himself hadn't forgotten how Shigetada had, following
1194:
was built in Yuigahama to replace the old one which had been destroyed by a storm. The replacement didn't last long, because a strong earthquake (and the consequent
1353:
1201:
The ruins that were found here belong to one of its many incarnations. The spot is marked on both sidewalks by stone circles which cover the actual remains of the
1145:
475:. It allowed quick troop movements from and to Kamakura and was of great importance during the many internal wars of the period. The three main routes were called
426:
947:
704:
1076:
The Azuma Kagami informs us that here in Geba Wakamiya Ōji stopped to be a rich and stately avenue, and became the main street of a bustling pleasure quarter.
252:
Recent excavations have revealed that Wakamiya Ōji was originally 33 m wide (much more than now), was flanked by pine trees (now present only next to
1061:, arrested in his hut in Nagoe and on his way to the execution ground in Tatsunokuchi to be beheaded, turned to Tsurugaoka Hachiman-gū and yelled: "
997:
Wakamiya Ōji used to pass over three bridges (see Edo period print above): the first was Tsurugaoka Hachiman-gū's Akabashi, the second was at
2282:
2138:
2100:
471:
network of roads. The Kamakura Kaidō, built by the shogunate for its own use, consisted of roads which from all directions converged on
1049:. Only the third name stuck. At Shimo no Geba riders would get off their horses and proceed on foot, in deference to the shrine ahead.
1435:, so in August 1904 was declared a National Treasure. Save for the lower part of its two pillars, it was seriously damaged during the
2258:
2239:
2168:
2119:
244:
280:(third gate). The ordinal number decreases with the distance from the shrine, so the closest to Tsurugaoka Hachiman-gū is actually
1289:
was the point where Tsurugaoka Hachiman-gū's approach met the water, a symbolic link between a road sacred to the city's tutelary
535:
The exact courses of the three routes aren't known and are the subject of debate, but the following are the most widely accepted.
1531:
is popularly known as Rokurō-sama (from Rokurō, his childhood name) and is supposed to have the power to cure colds and cough.
1474:
1459:
1450:
1326:
would meditate at Tsurugaoka Hachiman-gū for a week, and during that period he would walk seven times around this great gate.
1970:
1436:
1344:
292:
were built in reinforced concrete in 1934 and are painted bright red, the remaining one is made of stone and was erected by
2022:
a date in lunar February can fall anywhere between the beginning of February gregorian to the beginning of April gregorian.
911:. So called because they were thought to have been brought to Japan from China via Korea, their name is derived from "Koma"
1186:, the gate closest to the sea. This symbolically and religiously important gate was destroyed and rebuilt many times. The
396:
373:, there were the houses of the powerful and, for almost the entire Kamakura period, the seat of the government (called
320:
below). This was by far the holiest of the three, a symbolic link between the city and the sea from which it depended.
2277:
1411:, bringing the magnificent Wakamiya Ōji to completion. It was later repaired several times by the shogunate. In 1668,
465:, this particular gate used to be also the point of departure of the three main routes in the Kantō region of the old
1092:
in 1862. Two years later, in 1864, two more Britons were slashed to death at this intersection by some Japanese men.
1391:, and that it is only the last of a long series. A bronze plaque (visible in the photo) on it describes its history
24:
with the approximate location of the historical sites mentioned in the article. The darker color indicates flatland.
650:
543:
403:
Further south social status dropped even further, because near Geba (see below) there were the pleasure quarters.
1124:
472:
68:
1244:
1403:. Its construction was started by Minamoto no Yoritomo in December 1180 and finished in 1182 together with the
139:, but from historical records it seems likely that the avenue at the time was more often called Wakamiya Kōji
323:
Wakamiya Ōji itself was a sacred and ceremonial road which led to a sacred beach, and was used only for the
77:
994:, where Ōmachi Ōji crosses Wakamiya Ōji. The etymology of the name Geba ("Dismount horse") is interesting.
1948:, presumably because of its name. Mutsu gives the day as October 30, mistakenly interpreting the original
381:
1455:
1336:
1483:
and of a black stele erected in the 1920 which explains the circumstances of his death. Its text reads
1135:
687:
375:
1996:. See the Mutsu gives the day as April 3, mistakenly interpreting the original lunar date as Julian.
1513:
1498:
1490:
929:
alphabet ("a"), the closed one the last ("um"), representing the beginning and the end of all things
778:
658:
654:
559:
347:
114:
1115:. Wirgman invited the two men to join them, but they declined because they wanted to go and see the
1088:
there were several incidents involving violence against foreigners, the most famous of which is the
157:
Wakamiya Ōji was called with a number of different names by different sources, including Nanadō Kōji
1179:
826:
297:
45:
1966:
1494:
829:. During the Muromachi period it was called, among others, Okiishi as the stele says, Tsukurimichi
798:
88:
1953:
1797:
1712:
1509:
1108:
1085:
547:
370:
132:
105:
72:
41:
21:
1479:
1259:, have an unusual structure and have been important in determining the position of the original
1240:
892:
The two "lions" in front of Ni no Torii (visible in the photo) are in effect warden dogs called
877:
588:
869:
after having been damaged by an earthquake and a flood in 1495. The July 26, 1534 entry of the
2254:
2235:
2164:
2144:
2134:
2115:
2096:
1408:
1322:
s representative in western Japan) would come and walk seven times around Hama no Ōtorii. The
1116:
1089:
782:
584:
467:
343:
1415:, on his grandmother Suugen'in's request, used Mikage stone from the island of Inushima near
2059:
2006:
1993:
1890:
1805:
1720:
1412:
1305:
1255:
he started the construction. The remains are about 180 m north of Tsurugaoka Hachiman-gū's
870:
661:, Kasama (within today's Yokohama), Nagaya, Futamatagawa, and Nakayama, finally joining the
619:
615:
601:
571:
567:
293:
178:
154:
353:
228:
150:
2019:
1929:
1554:
1252:
1096:
462:
48:
in Japan, unusual because it is at the same time the city's main avenue and the approach (
1310:
563:
386:
413:
1949:
1886:
1416:
1217:
937:
555:
248:
Ichi no Torii, Ni no Torii and San no Torii on the approach (Wakamiya Ōji : sandō)
1304:. Its great religious significance can be guessed also from the fact that, during the
2271:
2054:
Old Japanese lunar calendar date. Gregorian date obtained directly from the original
1572:
886:
802:
638:
331:
1822:
1187:
1100:
814:
136:
2043:
1178:. The name appears several times in the historical records, and we know from the
149:. In fact, all other Kamakura streets called Ōji by the Azuma Kagami, for example
16:
104:
Like most of Kamakura's famous things, Wakamiya Ōji was built at the time of the
1945:
1786:
1724:
630:
1844:
622:. For unknown reasons, this route appears to be what the Azuma Kagami calls it
1546:
866:
301:
97:
2148:
1368:
1355:
1160:
1147:
962:
949:
719:
706:
649:
departed from Tsurugaoka Hachiman-gū with a left turn and passed through the
441:
428:
2156:
1933:
1550:
1540:
790:
2065:
1866:
1205:. On the eastern sidewalk there's a small monument (see photo) that reads:
570:, Sayama, and Ogawa, then, at the Usui Pass, divided in three, forming the
110:
1512:, and was looking for an excuse to kill them. Having received from shōgun
153:
and Komachi Ōji, are also called Kōji in other medieval texts. During the
2055:
1985:
1925:
1921:
1801:
1716:
1568:
1120:
1104:
1062:
1058:
926:
641:
is still called "Kamakura Kaidō" once it leaves town, and used to be the
551:
50:
1579:, the shōgun would always descend Wakamiya Ōji to purify his body here.
1195:
1065:
922:
893:
167:, for example in Tsurugaoka Hachiman-gū's official records, Nanadō Kōrō
1809:
1576:
1524:
1271:
1267:
1112:
391:
335:
265:
64:
1517:
north eastern part of Kanagawa) Futamatagawa, where he was killed.
821:(Although this structure is as old as Wakamiya Ōji itself, the name
342:), and during official visits of important dignitaries. In May 1185
220:. The word Nanadō ("seven times") refers to the number of times the
1889:. Kamiya (Vol. 2, page 177) gives the month as October 1864, which
1989:
1493:'s eldest son. He had had a quarrel with Hiraga Tomomasa, who was
1454:
1335:
1134:
936:
876:
686:
461:, which stands at the exit of Tsurugaoka Hachiman-gū. During the
412:
352:
260:
243:
233:
118:
87:
15:
1431:. This Great Torii was considered a magnificent example of stone
2215:
2189:
1967:"Japanese damaging earthquake chronological table: before 1600"
1975:
note: Western date is based on Gregorian calendar(not Julian).
1343:
in Yuigahama. Clearly visible the damage sustained during the
1251:
and so, brought in the material via sea from the mountains of
1940:, and assumes it stood directly in the water like the famous
885:
The avenue was then further shortened in 1878 to let the new
1527:
and was having an attack when he was killed in battle, the
797:. The stones and dirt necessary were personally carried by
385:
later). The entrance of all buildings not belonging to the
1111:, where they met Major Baldwin and Lieutenant Bird of the
1198:) destroyed it together with its shrine on May 15, 1241.
80:
and was chosen as one of the best 100 streets in Japan.
853:
actually took place over a long time. The portion from
2112:
Fukaku Aruku - Kamakura Shiseki Sansaku Vol. 1 & 2
1281:
is about 180 m to the south. We don't know where
346:, captured after the decisive Minamoto victory at the
369:
The Azuma Kagami tells us that, on its east side, in
284:. All were destroyed and rebuilt many times. Today's
1936:, in her "Kamakura. Fact and Fiction", mentions the
1174:
About 300 m after Geba are the remains of the great
1920:Gregorian date obtained directly from the original
1519:Erected in March 1922 by the Kamakurachō Seinendan
855:
317:
238:
2093:Kamakura Kankō Bunka Kentei Kōshiki Tekisutobukku
1924:(30th day of the 10th month of the year 3 of the
1239:, and it is very likely to be the one erected by
789:built from Tsurugaoka Hachiman-gū all the way to
1984:Julian date obtained directly from the original
1893:confirms to correspond to November 22 gregorian.
1139:The stone near the remains of the Hama no Ōtorii
1988:(3rd day of the 4th month of the year 2 of the
1228:
1042:
1026:
1010:
904:
525:
506:
487:
2207:
2181:
2114:(in Japanese). Kamakura: Kamakura Shunshūsha.
2095:(in Japanese). Kamakura: Kamakura Shunshūsha.
1560:
1297:
1243:in 1553. According to Kaigen's diary, in 1535
1222:
1036:
1020:
1004:
987:
921:, the Japanese term for the Korean kingdom of
914:
898:
842:
832:
770:
745:
607:
593:
576:
519:
500:
481:
213:
203:
193:
183:
170:
160:
142:
124:
56:
33:
1052:The stele in front of the gas station reads:
8:
2133:(in Japanese). Tokyo: Jitsugyō no Nihonsha.
1776:Nihon Rekishi Chimei Taikei, "Kamakura Kaidō
1247:'s Gyoku'un in a dream was asked to rebuild
1072:, give me a sign for the sake of Buddhism!"
227:s representative for the Kantō region (the "
2253:(in Japanese). Tokyo: Yamakawa Shuppansha.
1907:
1905:
1903:
1901:
1899:
1681:
1679:
1677:
1675:
1669:Nihon Rekishi Chimei Taikei, "Wakamiya Ōji"
1611:
210:in a poetry collection called Baika Mujinzō
1609:
1607:
1605:
1603:
1601:
1599:
1597:
1595:
1593:
1591:
1387:was for most of Kamakura's history called
304:the gate closest to the shrine was called
1699:
1697:
1695:
1693:
1691:
1665:
1663:
1661:
1659:
1657:
1655:
1383:As already mentioned, we know that this
1095:On November 22, 1864 British cartoonist
538:From Tsurugaoka Hachiman-gū's gate, the
1772:
1770:
1760:
1758:
1653:
1651:
1649:
1647:
1645:
1643:
1641:
1639:
1637:
1635:
1625:
1623:
1621:
1587:
1190:says that, on November 22, 1215, a new
825:first appears in the Edo period in the
316:("Great Beach Torii") (see the section
1748:
1746:
1744:
1742:
1212:Tsurugaoka Hachiman-gū's southernmost
296:in the 17th century. We know from the
1182:that it indicated what today we call
417:The beginning of Wakamiya Ōji at the
7:
2042:Original Japanese text available at
1800:obtained directly from the original
1785:Original Japanese text available at
1715:obtained directly from the original
865:was gradually demolished during the
849:). The demolition of so much of the
1928:era) using. See the Azuma Kagami's
1764:Kamakura Shōkō Kaigijo (2008:53-54)
1629:Kamakura Shōkō Kaigijo (2008:56-57)
861:
1567:. It was considered sacred to the
1473:, on the eastern sidewalk there's
1256:
785:to have a safe delivery, had this
698:and the cherry trees in full bloom
550:), Karasawa, Iida (within today's
357:Parade on Wakamiya Ōji during the
254:
14:
546:, then Susaki, Watauchi (today's
2078:Kamakura Shōkō Kaigijo (2008:33)
1571:and, before visiting shrines in
1487:Hatakeyama Shigeyasu's residence
1399:This Great Torii is also called
330:s pilgrimages to the shrines in
135:. That name appears also in the
2129:Kusumoto, Katsuji (July 2002).
2091:Kamakura Shōkō Kaigijo (2008).
554:), then Seya, Tsuruma (today's
312:and the one closest to the sea
2249:Shin'ichirō Takahashi (2005).
2232:A Historical Guide to Yokohama
1971:Seismological Society of Japan
1545:Wakamiya Ōji ends next to the
1501:'s will, tried to protect the
813:onward was removed during the
339:
108:. Its builder, first Kamakura
1:
2068:2, 22nd day of the 6th month)
1812:3, 16th day of the 6th month)
1131:The remains of Hama no Ōtorii
1057:that, on September 12, 1271,
881:Wakamiya Ōji in an 1868 photo
2283:Roads in Kanagawa Prefecture
2163:. Tokyo: Tuttle Publishing.
1877:Kamiya Vol. 2 (2008:176–177)
1685:Kamiya Vol. 2 (2008:221-222)
1477:, consisting of an imponent
1475:Hatakeyama Shigeyasu's grave
1460:Hatakeyama Shigeyasu's grave
1451:Hatakeyama Shigeyasu's grave
1445:Hatakeyama Shigeyasu's grave
1113:British garrison in Yokohama
668:The last road, known as the
365:is visible in the background
2204:Nihon Rekishi Chimei Taikei
2178:Nihon Rekishi Chimei Taikei
1865:Original text available at
1345:1923 Great Kantō earthquake
1229:
1043:
1027:
1011:
905:
801:and by many samurai of the
600:(that went towards today's
583:(that went towards today's
526:
507:
488:
268:gates, called respectively
40:is a 1.8 km street in
2299:
2110:Kamiya, Michinori (2008).
1615:Kamiya Vol. 1 (2008:15–16)
1538:
1448:
1369:35.3132250°N 139.5484944°E
1161:35.3147333°N 139.5493639°E
963:35.3157000°N 139.5500444°E
720:35.3198556°N 139.5525944°E
442:35.3238194°N 139.5550361°E
397:Kamakura's Seven Entrances
2208:
2182:
2161:Kamakura. Fact and Legend
1561:
1489:Hatakeyama Shigeyasu was
1419:to rebuild not only this
1298:
1223:
1037:
1021:
1005:
988:
915:
899:
843:
833:
771:
746:
608:
594:
577:
520:
501:
482:
231:") would walk around the
214:
204:
194:
184:
171:
161:
143:
125:
57:
34:
2218:(in Japanese). Heibonsha
2192:(in Japanese). Heibonsha
2230:Sabin, Burritt (2002).
2131:Kamakura Naruhodo Jiten
1736:Kamiya Vol. 1 (2006:17)
1374:35.3132250; 139.5484944
1166:35.3147333; 139.5493639
968:35.3157000; 139.5500444
941:The black stele at Geba
725:35.3198556; 139.5525944
457:Wakamiya Ōji begins at
447:35.3238194; 139.5550361
2251:Buke no koto, Kamakura
1703:Takahashi (2005:86-88)
1521:
1466:
1442:
1437:Great Kantō earthquake
1348:
1275:
1140:
1074:
984:lies the Geba Crossing
942:
882:
819:
767:is also called Okiishi
735:Immediately after the
699:
473:Tsurugaoka Hachiman-gū
421:
366:
338:(see also the section
249:
101:
69:Tsurugaoka Hachiman-gū
25:
2234:. Yokohama: Yurindo.
1752:Kusumoto (2002:60-61)
1557:it was called Maehama
1485:
1458:
1444:
1393:
1339:
1308:, every February the
1218:Warring States period
1207:
1138:
1054:
940:
880:
805:. The portion of the
761:
690:
416:
356:
247:
92:Wakamiya Ōji and the
91:
19:
1499:Minamoto no Yoritomo
1491:Hatakeyama Shigetada
779:Minamoto no Yoritomo
614:, that went towards
348:battle of Dan-no-ura
117:, wanted to imitate
115:Minamoto no Yoritomo
1365: /
1180:Shinpen Kamakurashi
1157: /
989:下馬四角 Geba Yotsukado
959: /
827:Shinpen Kamakurashi
781:, wanting his wife
716: /
604:) and the Musashiji
542:passed through the
438: /
382:Wakamiya Ōji Bakufu
298:Shinpen Kamakurashi
46:Kanagawa Prefecture
2278:Kamakura, Kanagawa
2214:, online version.
2188:, online version.
1930:entry for that day
1469:A few meters past
1467:
1349:
1141:
1086:Tokugawa shogunate
1084:At the end of the
943:
883:
700:
422:
367:
276:(second gate) and
250:
106:Kamakura shogunate
102:
73:Kamakura shogunate
26:
2140:978-4-408-00779-3
2102:978-4-7740-0386-3
1117:Kamakura Daibutsu
1099:and photographer
1090:Namamugi incident
1080:The Geba Incident
1033:and Shimo no Geba
777:. In March 1182,
651:Kobukurozaka Pass
585:Nagano Prefecture
376:Utsunomiya Bakufu
344:Taira no Munemori
308:, the middle one
63:) of its largest
2290:
2264:
2245:
2226:
2224:
2223:
2216:"Kamakura Kaidō"
2213:
2211:
2210:
2200:
2198:
2197:
2187:
2185:
2184:
2174:
2152:
2125:
2106:
2079:
2076:
2070:
2052:
2046:
2040:
2034:
2029:
2023:
2016:
2010:
2003:
1997:
1982:
1976:
1974:
1963:
1957:
1918:
1912:
1911:Sabin (2002:231)
1909:
1894:
1884:
1878:
1875:
1869:
1863:
1857:
1856:
1854:
1852:
1841:
1835:
1834:
1832:
1830:
1819:
1813:
1795:
1789:
1783:
1777:
1774:
1765:
1762:
1753:
1750:
1737:
1734:
1728:
1710:
1704:
1701:
1686:
1683:
1670:
1667:
1630:
1627:
1616:
1613:
1566:
1564:
1563:
1507:
1413:Tokugawa Ietsuna
1380:
1379:
1377:
1376:
1375:
1370:
1366:
1363:
1362:
1361:
1358:
1321:
1306:Muromachi period
1303:
1301:
1300:
1238:
1237:
1234:
1226:
1225:
1172:
1171:
1169:
1168:
1167:
1162:
1158:
1155:
1154:
1153:
1150:
1125:Foreign Cemetery
1048:
1046:
1040:
1039:
1032:
1030:
1024:
1023:
1016:
1014:
1008:
1007:
993:
991:
990:
974:
973:
971:
970:
969:
964:
960:
957:
956:
955:
952:
920:
918:
917:
910:
908:
902:
901:
848:
846:
845:
838:
836:
835:
809:from the second
776:
774:
773:
755:The stele under
751:
749:
748:
731:
730:
728:
727:
726:
721:
717:
714:
713:
712:
709:
629:The road called
620:Tokyo Prefecture
616:Musashi Province
613:
611:
610:
602:Gunma Prefecture
599:
597:
596:
582:
580:
579:
531:
529:
523:
522:
512:
510:
504:
503:
493:
491:
485:
484:
453:
452:
450:
449:
448:
443:
439:
436:
435:
434:
431:
359:Kamakura Matsuri
329:
294:Tokugawa Ietsuna
226:
219:
217:
216:
209:
207:
206:
199:
197:
196:
190:, and Sendō Kōji
189:
187:
186:
176:
174:
173:
166:
164:
163:
155:Muromachi period
148:
146:
145:
130:
128:
127:
62:
60:
59:
39:
37:
36:
2298:
2297:
2293:
2292:
2291:
2289:
2288:
2287:
2268:
2267:
2261:
2248:
2242:
2229:
2221:
2219:
2205:
2203:
2195:
2193:
2179:
2177:
2171:
2155:
2141:
2128:
2122:
2109:
2103:
2090:
2087:
2082:
2077:
2073:
2064:July 10, 1205 (
2053:
2049:
2041:
2037:
2032:
2030:
2026:
2017:
2013:
2004:
2000:
1983:
1979:
1969:(in Japanese).
1965:
1964:
1960:
1919:
1915:
1910:
1897:
1885:
1881:
1876:
1872:
1864:
1860:
1850:
1848:
1843:
1842:
1838:
1828:
1826:
1821:
1820:
1816:
1796:
1792:
1784:
1780:
1775:
1768:
1763:
1756:
1751:
1740:
1735:
1731:
1713:Gregorian dates
1711:
1707:
1702:
1689:
1684:
1673:
1668:
1633:
1628:
1619:
1614:
1589:
1585:
1558:
1555:Kamakura period
1543:
1537:
1518:
1508:s son and heir
1505:
1488:
1453:
1447:
1398:
1373:
1371:
1367:
1364:
1359:
1356:
1354:
1352:
1351:
1334:
1319:
1295:
1253:Kazusa Province
1235:
1220:
1173:
1165:
1163:
1159:
1156:
1151:
1148:
1146:
1144:
1143:
1133:
1097:Charles Wirgman
1082:
1068:, if you are a
1034:
1018:
1002:
985:
975:
967:
965:
961:
958:
953:
950:
948:
946:
945:
935:
912:
896:
874:Geba's bridge.
840:
830:
768:
743:
732:
724:
722:
718:
715:
710:
707:
705:
703:
702:
685:
605:
591:
574:
517:
498:
479:
463:Kamakura period
454:
446:
444:
440:
437:
432:
429:
427:
425:
424:
411:
327:
300:that until the
239:"Hama no Torii"
224:
211:
201:
191:
181:
168:
158:
140:
122:
86:
54:
31:
12:
11:
5:
2296:
2294:
2286:
2285:
2280:
2270:
2269:
2266:
2265:
2259:
2246:
2240:
2227:
2201:
2190:"Wakamiya Ōji"
2175:
2169:
2153:
2139:
2126:
2120:
2107:
2101:
2086:
2083:
2081:
2080:
2071:
2047:
2035:
2031:Original text:
2024:
2011:
1998:
1977:
1958:
1938:Hama no Ōtorii
1913:
1895:
1887:Gregorian date
1879:
1870:
1858:
1836:
1814:
1798:Gregorian date
1790:
1778:
1766:
1754:
1738:
1729:
1705:
1687:
1671:
1631:
1617:
1586:
1584:
1581:
1549:'s estuary at
1539:Main article:
1536:
1533:
1449:Main article:
1446:
1443:
1389:Hama no Ōtorii
1360:139°32′54.58″E
1333:
1328:
1283:Hama no Ōtorii
1261:Hama no Ōtorii
1249:Hama no Ōtorii
1192:Hama no Ōtorii
1176:Hama no Ōtorii
1152:139°32′57.71″E
1132:
1129:
1081:
1078:
1017:, Naka no Geba
934:
933:Geba Yotsukado
931:
889:pass through.
862:Geba Yotsukado
856:Hama no Ōtorii
684:
674:
670:Shimo no Michi
624:Shimo no Michi
544:Kewaizaka Pass
515:Shimo no Michi
468:Kamakura Kaidō
433:139°33′18.13″E
410:
405:
314:Hama no Ōtorii
272:(first gate),
85:
82:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2295:
2284:
2281:
2279:
2276:
2275:
2273:
2262:
2260:4-634-54210-2
2256:
2252:
2247:
2243:
2241:4-89660-172-6
2237:
2233:
2228:
2217:
2202:
2191:
2176:
2172:
2170:0-8048-1968-8
2166:
2162:
2159:(June 1995).
2158:
2154:
2150:
2146:
2142:
2136:
2132:
2127:
2123:
2121:4-7740-0340-9
2117:
2113:
2108:
2104:
2098:
2094:
2089:
2088:
2084:
2075:
2072:
2069:
2067:
2061:
2057:
2051:
2048:
2045:
2039:
2036:
2028:
2025:
2021:
2015:
2012:
2008:
2007:Kaigen Sōzuki
2002:
1999:
1995:
1991:
1987:
1981:
1978:
1972:
1968:
1962:
1959:
1955:
1951:
1947:
1943:
1939:
1935:
1931:
1927:
1923:
1917:
1914:
1908:
1906:
1904:
1902:
1900:
1896:
1892:
1888:
1883:
1880:
1874:
1871:
1868:
1862:
1859:
1846:
1840:
1837:
1824:
1818:
1815:
1811:
1807:
1803:
1799:
1794:
1791:
1788:
1782:
1779:
1773:
1771:
1767:
1761:
1759:
1755:
1749:
1747:
1745:
1743:
1739:
1733:
1730:
1727:1, 5th month)
1726:
1722:
1718:
1714:
1709:
1706:
1700:
1698:
1696:
1694:
1692:
1688:
1682:
1680:
1678:
1676:
1672:
1666:
1664:
1662:
1660:
1658:
1656:
1654:
1652:
1650:
1648:
1646:
1644:
1642:
1640:
1638:
1636:
1632:
1626:
1624:
1622:
1618:
1612:
1610:
1608:
1606:
1604:
1602:
1600:
1598:
1596:
1594:
1592:
1588:
1582:
1580:
1578:
1574:
1570:
1556:
1553:. During the
1552:
1548:
1542:
1534:
1532:
1530:
1526:
1520:
1515:
1511:
1504:
1500:
1496:
1495:Hōjō Tokimasa
1492:
1484:
1482:
1481:
1476:
1472:
1471:Ichi no Torii
1465:
1461:
1457:
1452:
1441:
1438:
1434:
1430:
1426:
1422:
1418:
1414:
1410:
1406:
1402:
1401:Ichi no Torii
1397:
1396:Ichi no Torii
1392:
1390:
1386:
1385:Ichi no Torii
1381:
1378:
1357:35°18′47.61″N
1346:
1342:
1341:Ichi no Torii
1338:
1332:
1331:Ichi no Torii
1329:
1327:
1325:
1318:
1314:
1312:
1307:
1292:
1288:
1284:
1280:
1279:Ichi no Torii
1274:
1273:
1269:
1264:
1262:
1258:
1257:Ichi no Torii
1254:
1250:
1246:
1242:
1233:
1232:
1219:
1215:
1210:
1206:
1204:
1199:
1197:
1193:
1189:
1185:
1184:Ichi no Torii
1181:
1177:
1170:
1149:35°18′53.04″N
1137:
1130:
1128:
1126:
1122:
1118:
1114:
1110:
1106:
1102:
1098:
1093:
1091:
1087:
1079:
1077:
1073:
1071:
1067:
1064:
1060:
1053:
1050:
1045:
1029:
1013:
1000:
995:
983:
979:
978:Ichi no Torii
972:
954:139°33′0.16″E
951:35°18′56.52″N
939:
932:
930:
928:
924:
907:
895:
890:
888:
887:Yokosuka Line
879:
875:
872:
871:Kaigen Sōzuki
868:
864:
863:
858:
857:
852:
839:, or Okimichi
828:
824:
818:
816:
812:
808:
804:
803:Minamoto clan
800:
799:Hōjō Tokimasa
796:
792:
788:
784:
780:
766:
760:
758:
753:
742:
738:
733:
729:
711:139°33′9.34″E
708:35°19′11.48″N
697:
693:
689:
683:
679:
675:
673:
671:
666:
664:
663:Kami no Michi
660:
656:
652:
648:
647:Naka no Michi
644:
643:Naka no Michi
640:
639:Kita-Kamakura
636:
632:
627:
625:
621:
617:
603:
590:
586:
573:
569:
565:
561:
557:
553:
549:
545:
541:
540:Kami no Michi
536:
533:
528:
516:
509:
497:
496:Naka no Michi
490:
478:
477:Kami no Michi
474:
470:
469:
464:
460:
455:
451:
430:35°19′25.75″N
420:
415:
409:
406:
404:
401:
398:
394:
393:
388:
384:
383:
379:, first, and
378:
377:
372:
364:
360:
355:
351:
349:
345:
341:
337:
333:
326:
321:
319:
318:Hama no Ōtori
315:
311:
307:
306:Ichi no Torii
303:
299:
295:
291:
287:
283:
279:
275:
271:
270:Ichi no Torii
267:
263:
262:
257:
256:
255:Ichi no Torii
246:
242:
240:
236:
235:
230:
223:
180:
179:Kaigen Sōzuki
156:
152:
138:
134:
121:'s Suzaku Ōji
120:
116:
113:
112:
107:
99:
95:
90:
83:
81:
79:
78:Historic Site
74:
70:
66:
53:
52:
47:
43:
30:
23:
18:
2250:
2231:
2220:. Retrieved
2194:. Retrieved
2160:
2130:
2111:
2092:
2074:
2063:
2050:
2038:
2027:
2014:
2001:
1980:
1961:
1941:
1937:
1916:
1882:
1873:
1861:
1849:. Retrieved
1847:. aisf.or.jp
1839:
1827:. Retrieved
1825:. aisf.or.jp
1823:"komainu 狛犬"
1817:
1793:
1781:
1732:
1708:
1544:
1528:
1522:
1502:
1486:
1478:
1470:
1468:
1463:
1432:
1429:San no Torii
1428:
1424:
1420:
1407:by his wife
1404:
1400:
1395:
1394:
1388:
1384:
1382:
1350:
1340:
1330:
1323:
1316:
1309:
1290:
1286:
1282:
1278:
1276:
1265:
1260:
1248:
1241:Hōjō Ujiyasu
1230:
1213:
1211:
1208:
1202:
1200:
1191:
1188:Azuma Kagami
1183:
1175:
1142:
1101:Felice Beato
1094:
1083:
1075:
1069:
1055:
1051:
998:
996:
981:
977:
944:
891:
884:
860:
854:
850:
822:
820:
815:Meiji period
810:
806:
794:
786:
764:
762:
756:
754:
740:
737:San no Torii
736:
734:
701:
695:
691:
681:
677:
669:
667:
662:
646:
642:
635:San no Torii
634:
628:
623:
539:
537:
534:
514:
508:middle route
495:
476:
466:
459:San no Torii
458:
456:
423:
419:San no Torii
418:
408:San no Torii
407:
402:
390:
380:
374:
368:
362:
358:
324:
322:
313:
309:
305:
289:
286:San no Torii
285:
282:San no Torii
281:
278:San no Torii
277:
273:
269:
259:
253:
251:
237:gate called
232:
221:
137:Azuma Kagami
109:
103:
93:
49:
44:, a city in
29:Wakamiya Ōji
28:
27:
2044:kcn-net.org
1992:era) using
1867:kcn-net.org
1851:December 8,
1829:December 8,
1787:kcn-net.org
1425:Ni no Torii
1423:, but also
1409:Hōjō Masako
1372: /
1164: /
1028:Middle Geba
999:Ni no Torii
982:Ni no Torii
966: /
906:korean dogs
757:Ni no Torii
739:begins the
723: /
692:Ni no Torii
682:Ni no Torii
527:lower route
489:upper route
445: /
310:Ni no Torii
290:Ni no Torii
274:Ni no Torii
200:or Sendōdan
2272:Categories
2222:2008-11-17
2196:2008-11-17
2157:Mutsu, Iso
2085:References
1547:Namerigawa
1270:, rest in
1231:sengoku-ki
1044:Lower Geba
1012:Upper Geba
867:Edo period
655:Yamanouchi
633:that from
618:, today's
302:Edo period
229:Kantō kubō
151:Ōmachi Ōji
98:Edo period
2149:166909395
2060:Nengocalc
2020:Nengocalc
1994:Nengocalc
1954:gregorian
1934:Iso Mutsu
1891:Nengocalc
1845:"a un 阿吽"
1806:Nengocalc
1721:Nengocalc
1551:Yuigahama
1541:Yuigahama
1535:Yuigahama
1529:hōkyōintō
1480:hōkyōintō
1464:hōkyōintō
1405:dankazura
1294:Fūhakusai
1209:History:
851:dankazura
823:dankazura
807:dankazura
793:'s Great
791:Yuigahama
765:dankazura
741:dankazura
696:dankazura
678:dankazura
572:Shinanoji
568:Kokubunji
562:, Bubai,
363:dankazura
340:Yuigahama
94:dankazura
20:A map of
2209:日本歴史地名大係
2183:日本歴史地名大係
1952:date as
1946:Miyajima
1569:Minamoto
1514:Sanetomo
1462:and its
1277:Today's
1245:An'yō-in
1121:Yokohama
1109:Fujisawa
1105:Enoshima
1103:were in
1063:Hachiman
1059:Nichiren
976:Between
927:sanskrit
637:goes to
631:Yoko Ōji
560:Tamagawa
552:Yokohama
548:Fujisawa
67:shrine,
42:Kamakura
22:Kamakura
1196:tsunami
1066:Bosatsu
923:Koguryo
894:komainu
759:reads:
665:there.
589:Jōshūji
556:Machida
389:or the
371:Komachi
177:in the
84:History
2257:
2238:
2167:
2147:
2137:
2118:
2099:
2066:Genkyū
2058:using
1810:Tenbun
1804:using
1719:using
1577:Hakone
1525:asthma
1510:Yoriie
1503:shōgun
1317:shōgun
1272:keyaki
1268:hinoki
783:Masako
694:, the
645:. The
513:, and
392:Bakufu
361:. The
336:Hakone
325:shōgun
266:Shinto
222:shōgun
133:Yoriie
111:shōgun
96:in an
65:Shinto
2056:Nengō
1990:Ninji
1986:Nengō
1950:lunar
1942:torii
1926:Kenpō
1922:Nengō
1802:Nengō
1725:Bunji
1717:Nengō
1583:Notes
1506:'
1433:torii
1421:torii
1417:Bizen
1320:'
1315:(the
1311:Kantō
1287:torii
1214:torii
1203:torii
1107:near
811:torii
795:Torii
787:sandō
659:Ofuna
564:Fuchū
328:'
264:, or
261:torii
234:torii
225:'
215:梅花無尽蔵
185:快元僧都記
119:Kyoto
100:print
51:sandō
2255:ISBN
2236:ISBN
2165:ISBN
2145:OCLC
2135:ISBN
2116:ISBN
2097:ISBN
2005:The
1853:2009
1831:2009
1575:and
1427:and
1324:kubō
1313:Kubō
1291:kami
1070:kami
1038:下の下馬
1022:中の下馬
1006:上の下馬
980:and
763:The
680:and
676:The
387:Hōjō
334:and
288:and
195:千度小路
162:七度小路
144:若宮小路
126:朱雀大路
35:若宮大路
1944:at
1573:Izu
1299:風白祭
1224:戦国期
1123:'s
859:to
772:置き石
609:武蔵路
595:上州路
587:),
578:信濃路
558:),
521:下の道
502:中の道
483:上の道
332:Izu
205:千度壇
2274::
2143:.
2062::
1932:.
1898:^
1808::
1769:^
1757:^
1741:^
1723::
1690:^
1674:^
1634:^
1620:^
1590:^
1562:前浜
1263:.
1227:,
1127:.
1041:,
1025:,
1009:,
916:高麗
903:,
900:狛犬
844:置路
834:作道
817:.
747:段葛
657:,
653:,
626:.
566:,
532:.
524:,
505:,
494:,
486:,
172:行路
58:参道
2263:.
2244:.
2225:.
2212:)
2206:(
2199:.
2186:)
2180:(
2173:.
2151:.
2124:.
2105:.
2009:.
1973:.
1956:.
1855:.
1833:.
1565:)
1559:(
1347:.
1302:)
1296:(
1236:)
1221:(
1047:)
1035:(
1031:)
1019:(
1015:)
1003:(
992:)
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909:)
897:(
847:)
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837:)
831:(
775:)
769:(
750:)
744:(
612:)
606:(
598:)
592:(
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218:)
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32:(
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