547:
refused to run, declaring "I am an
American. If I must die, I'll die like an American," whereupon he was beheaded. In a 2010 article, a Philippine newspaper columnist contends, however, the Manila Hotel prisoners attempted escape and Loving used his body to barricade a staircase to prevent Japanese troops from pursuit; he was bayoneted to death in the process. A third account relayed in a 1945 Associated Negro Press story says that Loving was shot in the back by retreating Japanese troops. Mortally wounded, he crawled from the Manila Hotel to the battered
87:
371:
348:
450:"The assignment of white noncommissioned officers to colored units is a new departure in the history of the American army. Even in Civil War days colored units carried colored noncommissioned officers ... that most of these white noncommissioned officers view themselves in the light of the overseer of antebellum days is shown by their practice of carrying revolvers when they take details of men out to work."
617:, with whose campaign he sought to volunteer. Taft, however, declined in a letter, explaining he did not feel it was appropriate for him to offer such an introduction to a political candidate (in that letter, Taft also expressed to Loving his regret that "you are no longer at the head of the Constabulary Band which was largely your creation.") Loving also campaigned for
33:
327:
during his brief time in the
Philippines, developed an instant rapport with his bandsmen. During the period in which Loving led the Philippine Constabulary Band it established a reputation for excellence both in the Philippines and the United States. The band performed at the 1904 Louisiana Purchase
546:
The exact circumstances surrounding Loving's death are unclear. According to Yoder, with Manila's defenses on the verge of collapse to the advancing
American and Filipino armies, the hotel prisoners were ordered to run to the beach while Japanese soldiers shot at them. The then 72-year-old Loving
429:
Later, Loving would be tasked with touring the United States to inspect the conditions of race relations at U.S. Army camps. His final report observed that
African American soldiers were best treated and most effectively integrated into military units when white officers from the
413:
throughout the war, Loving was initially charged with investigating subversive activities by
African American leaders, attending meetings and rallies in plainclothes and developing a network of informants. In one of his reports he would assert that African American
468:
speculation. Because attitudes in
Oakland at the time made African American ownership of property in some portions of the city problematic, Loving would dress in a chauffeur's uniform and drive Edith, who had a light complexion and could be mistaken for
279:
515:
258:
when the future president stayed at the
Flandrau home in 1886. According to Loving's biographer Robert Yoder, Loving may have viewed Flandrau as a sort-of father figure. It is known that he attended elementary school with Flandrau's son,
290:
as a musician, and later regimental bandleader. A later period of study at the New
England Conservatory of Music ended when Loving decided to rejoin the Army over the protests of his professors, who believed his talent as a
459:
Following the end of hostilities, Loving returned to the
Philippines and resumed command of the Philippine Constabulary Band for three years before retiring a second time, moving with his wife, Edith, to
1157:
481:
From 1937 through 1940, Loving again took command of the
Philippine Constabulary Band, by then renamed the Philippine Army Orchestra. Returning to the Philippines at the personal invitation of
1177:
1182:
242:
in 1872, Loving was the son of a former slave. He spent his early childhood living with his parents and an extended family of fourteen relatives. At age ten, Loving moved to
1167:
1147:
406:
418:
were "the most radical of all radicals" as well as allege "vicious and well-financed propaganda" campaigns run in black newspapers as being the impetus for the
1152:
792:
1172:
854:
511:
had an affectionate relationship known in all military circles" and MacArthur would later recall Loving's death as "a sacrifice he would never forget."
192:. The son of a former slave, Loving led the band during the 1909 U.S. presidential inaugural parade, where it formed the official musical escort to the
1162:
1132:
559:
227:
165:
793:"Reports of Research in Music Education Presented at the Annual Meeting of the Texas Music Educators Association San Antonio, Texas, February, 2004"
610:
363:
of 1909, which saw its former patron William Howard Taft inaugurated as President of the United States. It was the first time a band other than the
360:
1031:
735:
344:
was invited to guest conduct the group, afterwards commenting that, "when I closed my eyes, I thought it was the United States Marine Band."
328:
Exposition in St. Louis, where it was awarded First Prize in competition against other leading military bands. The U.S. military periodical
528:
1142:
1127:
313:
1137:
1067:
955:
665:
272:
928:
901:
837:
193:
563:
295:
would be wasted. After withdrawing from the conservatory, Loving was given command of the band of the 45th United States
490:
189:
116:
579:
210:
In addition to his long career in military music, Loving also worked with the U.S. Army's intelligence division during
571:
435:
169:
442:
not be permitted to lead units with black soldiers. Loving also attacked the Army's racial policies pertaining to
1083:
975:
859:
575:
493:
and also made "Special Advisor to the President of the Philippines." He retired in 1940 but continued to live in
443:
419:
383:
364:
337:
173:
803:
618:
296:
108:
606:
602:
536:
260:
247:
223:
112:
60:
945:
439:
250:, who employed Loving's sister Julia as a maid. He and Julia later relocated with the Flandrau family to
431:
133:
336:, opined that "the Philippine Constabulary Band is in a class by itself." During a 1915 performance in
378:
The day after the inauguration the band was invited to perform for the president and Mrs. Taft at the
1122:
1117:
614:
423:
264:
239:
461:
347:
316:
203:
Loving is believed to have been the first African American to conduct a musical performance in the
393:
Loving continued as the band's director until being forced to take a medical leave in 1915 due to
486:
255:
140:
104:
386:
to perform at a White House reception. It is also believed this may have been the first time an
374:
The Philippine Constabulary Band assembles prior to the 1909 U.S. presidential inaugural parade.
312:
In 1902 Loving was tapped to organize the Philippine Constabulary Band on the recommendation of
613:, Loving requested his former patron, Taft, introduce him to Republican presidential candidate
370:
1063:
951:
924:
897:
833:
760:
661:
508:
341:
215:
535:. He was released due to his declining health and advancing age in 1943. In 1945, during the
351:
Walter Loving is seated on the far right in this 1908 photograph picturing several prominent
1003:
387:
352:
324:
320:
319:, who had earlier heard Loving's 45th regimental band perform. Loving, who had learned both
197:
185:
539:, Loving was again arrested and detained, along with other Americans and Filipinos, at the
1008:
980:
893:
691:
499:
332:
described the band as "one of the finest of all military bands in the world," while the
595:
504:
470:
268:
723:. October 1924 – via ProQuest Historical Newspapers: Black Newspaper Collection.
426:
has called Loving "one of the Army's most effective wartime undercover Negro agents."
226:
in dramatic, though unclear, circumstances. He posthumously received the Philippines'
1111:
590:
Loving married his wife, Edith, in 1916 and had one son, Walter. Walter Loving Jr.'s
482:
92:
855:"Believe it or not, a Philippine band had taken part in a US presidential inaugural"
601:
During the course of his life, Loving took an interest in politics, supporting both
540:
410:
394:
251:
126:
660:. National Historic Commission of the Philippines. pp. 12–15, 32, 40–46, 48.
1057:
918:
886:
555:, the site of many of the Philippine Constabulary Band's performances, and died.
405:
During World War I Loving served stateside in the U.S. Army as an officer in the
1059:
Tin Pan Alley and the Philippines: American Songs of War and Love, 1898–1946 ...
465:
379:
219:
211:
204:
621:, the granddaughter of Charles Flandrau, during her 1932 congressional race in
574:, the second-highest military honor of the Philippines, and the United States'
552:
920:
W. E. B. Du Bois, 1919–1963: The Fight for Equality and the American Century
591:
548:
415:
292:
287:
278:
243:
947:
Torchbearers of Democracy: African American Soldiers in the World War I Era
527:
Walter and Edith Loving were detained in 1941 by Japanese forces following
514:
32:
518:
Walter Loving pictured in 1940, the year of his third and final retirement
658:
In Performance: Walter Howard Loving and the Philippine Constabulary Band
438:
held command and he recommended to the Army that white officers from the
359:
The Philippine Constabulary Band was the lead unit in the United States
622:
263:, and believed that Flandrau financed Loving's later education at the
494:
73:
367:
served as the musical escort to the President of the United States.
802:. Texas Music Educators Association. pp. 17–18. Archived from
513:
369:
346:
277:
566:
during a ceremony at Luneta during which his final composition,
254:. Family legend claims Loving was tutored in mathematics by
888:
Black Newspapers and America's War for Democracy, 1914–1920
1032:"Eyewitness Tells How Famous Bandleader Was Slain by Japs"
531:. During his captivity, Loving composed a resistance song
188:
soldier and musician most noted for his leadership of the
214:, and, in private life, as a real estate investor in the
286:
Loving's early adulthood involved several stints in the
282:
Walter Loving in U.S. Army uniform probably in the 1890s
570:, was performed. Loving was also the recipient of the
382:, becoming the first band in history from outside the
1158:
American people who died in Japanese internment camps
390:
conducted a musical performance at the White House.
218:
area. Toward the end of his life he returned to the
161:
149:
122:
98:
80:
67:
47:
39:
23:
885:
184:(December 17, 1872 – February/March 1945) was an
950:. Univ of North Carolina Press. pp. 73–74.
719:"Band Leader Loving Gets O. R. C. Commission".
448:
892:. University of North Carolina Press. p.
578:, the latter given for his service during the
1178:African-American United States Army personnel
558:In 1952, Loving was posthumously awarded the
8:
830:Black Women in American Bands and Orchestras
1183:American people in the American Philippines
355:U.S. colonial officials in the Philippines.
20:
969:
967:
879:
877:
651:
649:
647:
645:
643:
641:
639:
637:
611:1916 United States presidential election
157:U.S. Army Military Intelligence Division
1168:20th-century African-American musicians
1093:. Government Gazette of the Philippines
633:
265:Preparatory High School for Negro Youth
222:. Loving was killed in 1945 during the
196:, the first time a band other than the
1062:Rowman & Littlefield. p. 11.
786:
784:
782:
780:
736:"Philippine Constabulary Band Concert"
464:. In Oakland, Loving found success in
455:Return to Manila and second retirement
1148:Boston Conservatory at Berklee alumni
1002:Alcazaren, Paoulo (4 December 2010).
485:, he was commissioned at the rank of
16:African American soldier and musician
7:
685:
683:
681:
679:
677:
1153:People from Nelson County, Virginia
503:penned by Loving's longtime friend
314:Governor-General of the Philippines
109:Volunteer Army of the United States
497:. According to an obituary in the
14:
1173:African Americans in World War II
690:Cunningham, Roger (Summer 2007).
477:Later career and third retirement
273:New England Conservatory of Music
1163:African Americans in World War I
1133:United States military musicians
974:Simmons, Roscoe (4 April 1948).
85:
31:
1030:Loeb, Charles (14 April 1945).
853:Hila, Antonio (11 March 2013).
734:Walker, David (20 March 1915).
407:Military Intelligence Division
401:Military Intelligence Division
194:President of the United States
144:(Philippine Commonwealth Army)
1:
564:Government of the Philippines
361:presidential inaugural parade
200:had been assigned that duty.
71:February–March 1945 (aged 72)
740:Pacific Coast Musical Review
491:Philippine Commonwealth Army
334:Pacific Coast Musical Review
308:Philippine Constabulary Band
190:Philippine Constabulary Band
153:Philippine Constabulary Band
117:Philippine Commonwealth Army
1143:United States Army officers
762:Army and Navy Life, vol. 14
297:Volunteer Infantry Regiment
1199:
1128:African-American musicians
828:Handy, Antoinette (1999).
572:Distinguished Conduct Star
436:northeastern United States
170:Distinguished Conduct Star
1138:Philippine Army personnel
860:Philippine Daily Inquirer
832:. Scarecrow. p. 19.
576:Philippine Campaign Medal
444:non-commissioned officers
420:Chicago race riot of 1919
384:continental United States
365:United States Marine Band
338:San Francisco, California
174:Philippine Campaign Medal
155:Philippine Army Orchestra
130:(Philippine Constabulary)
30:
1084:"View the Roll of Honor"
884:Jordan, William (2001).
619:Isabella Selmes Greenway
560:Presidential Merit Medal
234:Early life and education
228:Presidential Merit Award
166:Presidential Merit Award
1056:Walsh, Timothy (2013).
944:Williams, Chad (2010).
609:candidates. During the
580:Philippine–American War
529:the surrender of Manila
271:and, subsequently, the
261:Charles Macomb Flandrau
248:Charles Eugene Flandrau
113:Philippine Constabulary
61:Nelson County, Virginia
656:Yoder, Robert (2013).
519:
452:
440:southern United States
409:. Holding the rank of
375:
356:
283:
917:Lewis, David (2001).
721:New Journal and Guide
517:
432:western United States
373:
350:
281:
246:and into the home of
615:Charles Evans Hughes
473:, to view property.
424:David Levering Lewis
240:Lovingston, Virginia
182:Walter Howard Loving
43:Walter Howard Loving
923:. Holt. p. 7.
765:. 1909. p. 286
568:Beloved Philippines
533:Beloved Philippines
507:, "Col. Loving and
462:Oakland, California
317:William Howard Taft
976:"The Untold Story"
791:Johnson, Michael.
692:"The Loving Touch"
520:
487:lieutenant-colonel
376:
357:
330:Army and Navy Life
284:
256:Theodore Roosevelt
141:Lieutenant Colonel
105:United States Army
1036:The Afro-American
809:on 2 October 2015
342:John Philip Sousa
216:San Francisco Bay
179:
178:
58:December 17, 1872
1190:
1103:
1102:
1100:
1098:
1088:
1080:
1074:
1073:
1053:
1047:
1046:
1044:
1042:
1027:
1021:
1020:
1018:
1016:
999:
993:
992:
990:
988:
971:
962:
961:
941:
935:
934:
914:
908:
907:
891:
881:
872:
871:
869:
867:
850:
844:
843:
825:
819:
818:
816:
814:
808:
797:
788:
775:
774:
772:
770:
757:
751:
750:
748:
746:
731:
725:
724:
716:
710:
709:
707:
705:
696:
687:
672:
671:
653:
537:Battle of Manila
388:African American
353:African American
224:Battle of Manila
198:U.S. Marine Band
186:African American
145:
138:
131:
100:
91:
89:
88:
57:
55:
35:
21:
1198:
1197:
1193:
1192:
1191:
1189:
1188:
1187:
1108:
1107:
1106:
1096:
1094:
1086:
1082:
1081:
1077:
1070:
1055:
1054:
1050:
1040:
1038:
1029:
1028:
1024:
1014:
1012:
1009:Philippine Star
1004:"Loving's band"
1001:
1000:
996:
986:
984:
981:Chicago Tribune
973:
972:
965:
958:
943:
942:
938:
931:
916:
915:
911:
904:
883:
882:
875:
865:
863:
852:
851:
847:
840:
827:
826:
822:
812:
810:
806:
795:
790:
789:
778:
768:
766:
759:
758:
754:
744:
742:
733:
732:
728:
718:
717:
713:
703:
701:
694:
689:
688:
675:
668:
655:
654:
635:
631:
588:
525:
500:Chicago Tribune
479:
457:
446:, noting that,
403:
310:
305:
236:
172:
168:
156:
154:
143:
139:
136:
132:
129:
115:
111:
107:
86:
84:
72:
63:, United States
59:
53:
51:
26:
17:
12:
11:
5:
1196:
1194:
1186:
1185:
1180:
1175:
1170:
1165:
1160:
1155:
1150:
1145:
1140:
1135:
1130:
1125:
1120:
1110:
1109:
1105:
1104:
1075:
1069:978-0810886087
1068:
1048:
1022:
994:
963:
957:978-0807899359
956:
936:
929:
909:
902:
873:
845:
838:
820:
776:
752:
726:
711:
673:
667:978-9715382595
666:
632:
630:
627:
596:Roscoe Simmons
587:
584:
524:
521:
509:Gen. MacArthur
505:Roscoe Simmons
478:
475:
456:
453:
402:
399:
309:
306:
304:
301:
269:Washington, DC
235:
232:
177:
176:
163:
159:
158:
151:
147:
146:
124:
120:
119:
102:
96:
95:
82:
78:
77:
69:
65:
64:
49:
45:
44:
41:
37:
36:
28:
27:
24:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1195:
1184:
1181:
1179:
1176:
1174:
1171:
1169:
1166:
1164:
1161:
1159:
1156:
1154:
1151:
1149:
1146:
1144:
1141:
1139:
1136:
1134:
1131:
1129:
1126:
1124:
1121:
1119:
1116:
1115:
1113:
1092:
1085:
1079:
1076:
1071:
1065:
1061:
1060:
1052:
1049:
1037:
1033:
1026:
1023:
1011:
1010:
1005:
998:
995:
983:
982:
977:
970:
968:
964:
959:
953:
949:
948:
940:
937:
932:
926:
922:
921:
913:
910:
905:
899:
895:
890:
889:
880:
878:
874:
862:
861:
856:
849:
846:
841:
835:
831:
824:
821:
805:
801:
794:
787:
785:
783:
781:
777:
764:
763:
756:
753:
741:
737:
730:
727:
722:
715:
712:
700:
693:
686:
684:
682:
680:
678:
674:
669:
663:
659:
652:
650:
648:
646:
644:
642:
640:
638:
634:
628:
626:
624:
620:
616:
612:
608:
604:
599:
597:
593:
586:Personal life
585:
583:
581:
577:
573:
569:
565:
561:
556:
554:
550:
544:
542:
538:
534:
530:
522:
516:
512:
510:
506:
502:
501:
496:
492:
488:
484:
483:Manuel Quezon
476:
474:
472:
467:
463:
454:
451:
447:
445:
441:
437:
433:
427:
425:
421:
417:
412:
408:
400:
398:
396:
391:
389:
385:
381:
372:
368:
366:
362:
354:
349:
345:
343:
339:
335:
331:
326:
322:
318:
315:
307:
302:
300:
298:
294:
289:
280:
276:
274:
270:
266:
262:
257:
253:
249:
245:
241:
238:Born outside
233:
231:
229:
225:
221:
217:
213:
208:
206:
201:
199:
195:
191:
187:
183:
175:
171:
167:
164:
160:
152:
148:
142:
135:
128:
125:
121:
118:
114:
110:
106:
103:
97:
94:
93:United States
83:
79:
76:, Philippines
75:
70:
66:
62:
50:
46:
42:
38:
34:
29:
25:Walter Loving
22:
19:
1095:. Retrieved
1090:
1078:
1058:
1051:
1039:. Retrieved
1035:
1025:
1013:. Retrieved
1007:
997:
985:. Retrieved
979:
946:
939:
919:
912:
887:
864:. Retrieved
858:
848:
829:
823:
811:. Retrieved
804:the original
799:
767:. Retrieved
761:
755:
743:. Retrieved
739:
729:
720:
714:
702:. Retrieved
699:Army History
698:
657:
600:
589:
567:
557:
545:
541:Manila Hotel
532:
526:
498:
480:
458:
449:
428:
404:
395:tuberculosis
392:
377:
358:
333:
329:
311:
285:
252:South Dakota
237:
209:
202:
181:
180:
18:
1123:1945 deaths
1118:1872 births
866:9 September
813:9 September
769:9 September
745:9 September
704:9 September
553:Luneta Park
466:real estate
380:White House
220:Philippines
212:World War I
205:White House
137:(U.S. Army)
1112:Categories
930:0805068139
903:0807849367
839:0810834197
629:References
607:Democratic
603:Republican
416:socialists
81:Allegiance
54:1872-12-17
40:Birth name
1097:1 October
1041:2 October
1015:2 October
987:2 October
592:godfather
549:bandstand
471:Caucasian
293:cornetist
288:U.S. Army
244:Minnesota
800:tmea.org
99:Service/
623:Arizona
562:by the
489:in the
325:Tagalog
321:Spanish
1091:gov.ph
1066:
954:
927:
900:
836:
664:
495:Manila
303:Career
162:Awards
101:branch
90:
74:Manila
1087:(PDF)
807:(PDF)
796:(PDF)
695:(PDF)
523:Death
411:major
134:Major
127:Major
1099:2015
1064:ISBN
1043:2015
1017:2015
989:2015
952:ISBN
925:ISBN
898:ISBN
868:2015
834:ISBN
815:2015
771:2015
747:2015
706:2015
662:ISBN
605:and
594:was
434:and
323:and
150:Unit
123:Rank
68:Died
48:Born
894:137
551:at
267:in
1114::
1089:.
1034:.
1006:.
978:.
966:^
896:.
876:^
857:.
798:.
779:^
738:.
697:.
676:^
636:^
625:.
598:.
582:.
543:.
422:.
397:.
340:,
299:.
275:.
230:.
207:.
1101:.
1072:.
1045:.
1019:.
991:.
960:.
933:.
906:.
870:.
842:.
817:.
773:.
749:.
708:.
670:.
56:)
52:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
