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In 1801 Marc
Isambard Brunel took out a patent for the manufacture of ship's blocks and approached Walter Taylor and his son Samuel Silver Taylor with first refusal on the use of his new machinery. The offer was rejected out of hand by Samuel but the Navy decided to install Brunel's machinery in the
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Encouraged by Hans
Stanley, MP for Southampton and one of the Lords of the Admiralty, they submitted a specimen set of their blocks to the Board of Ordnance. A trial of the blocks in 1761 was so successful that the Navy agreed to take all of his stock of blocks. The navy also decided to order their
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On acquiring the blockmaking business, at Messer's death in 1754, Taylor and his father developed hand-powered sawing, boring and turning machinery to mass-produce the rigging blocks, repeatedly and to an exact specification. As the original premises proved inadequate they acquired adjacent premises
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Walter Taylor was born in 1734 the son of Walter Taylor of
Southampton, an ingenious ship's carpenter, and Elizabeth Silver of Whippingham, Isle of Wight. From the age of 14 Taylor served as an apprentice to a Mr Messer, a ship's block maker in Westgate Street, Southampton. Whilst serving at sea his
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When his father died, in 1762, he continued the business and a patent for the machinery they had developed was taken out in his mother's name In a field trial in 1762 Captain
Bentinck had his ship, HMS Centaur, equipped with Taylor's blocks of half the usual size. These proved fully effective,
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Following a fire, at
Portsmouth Dockyard in July 1770, which destroyed most of the navy's stock of blocks, Taylor received an order to replace them as quickly as possible and it was agreed to replace them with the smaller blocks tested by Bentinck.
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A particular
Account of the origin and progress of Mr Taylor's Machines for making blocks, shivers and pins, and also his improvements in the construction of pumps, p86-94 in The Annual Hampshire Repository, Volume 2,
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father had observed the problems caused by these blocks, which were traditionally handmade. On his return from sea he visited every blockmaker's shop he could find, and closely observed how blocks were formerly made.
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28 November 1775, Patent 1110 - bushing cast iron or metal shivers for ships’ blocks; 1781, patent no 1295 - Construction of shivers for ships’ blocks; 1798 Patent No 2217 - Machines for raising water and clearing
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in Bugle Street where they installed a horse gin with power transferred from the main wheel through friction wheels on roller-bearing mounted steel countershafts with leather belt drives to the machinery.
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cheaper and reduced the weight on the masts alone by 26cwt. With the support of the Navy Board Taylor managed to overcome bankruptcy brought on by his father's expenses in developing the machinery.
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from 1759, supplying 100,000 blocks a year, Subsequent developments led to the date stamping of blocks, and a commitment to replace any that failed.
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28 November 1775, Patent 1109 - improvements in boxes, naves and spokes for wheels of carriages; 1786, patent no 1567 - machine for grinding grain
275:"A discourse occasioned by the death of the late Walter Taylor, Esq., of Portswood: Preached at South Stoneham Church on the 8th of May, 1803"
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Dickinson H W, The
Taylors of Southampton: Their Ships' Blocls, Circular Saw and Ships' Pumps, Trans Newcomen Society, 1958, XXIX:169-178
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Dickinson H W, The
Taylors of Southampton: Their Ships' Blocks, Circular Saw and Ships' Pumps, Trans Newcomen Society, 1958, XXIX:169-178
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Royal
Dockyard. By 1803, when Brunel's machinery was installed and working the Navy cancelled Taylor's contract.
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Nelson's
Boffins - the Taylors of Woodmill , Chapter 4 in, Pannell J P M, Old Southampton Shores, 1967, p51-72
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Pannell, John Percival Masterman (1967). "Nelson's Boffins - the Taylors of Woodmill".
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Taylor subsequently established a sawmill on a stream that runs through what is now
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National archives: ADM106/2194 p274, Navy Board Entry Book of Out-Letters
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blocks from Taylor's manufactory rather than setting up their own.
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Southampton. An Illustrated History. Adrian Rance. 1986.
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107:on 8 May.
94:Royal Navy
79:Swaythling
40:Royal Navy
156:. pp95-97
277:. Amazon
75:Woodmill
254:ships.
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283:2009
217:1801
184:ASIN
150:ISBN
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