165:, a traditional payment from the English bishoprics to the papacy. Anselm and the legate did not get along well from the start, for Walter said that Anselm's election as archbishop had been made by schismatics, throwing doubt on Anselm's fitness. Relations between Walter and Anselm were further strained later in the summer when the legate wrote a letter to Anselm relaying some accusations against the archbishop made by some of the English bishops. Although Walter attempted to discuss church reform with Anselm, Anselm gave the excuse that because an invasion from
126:
to persuade Anselm to wait, but the council did not settle matters to the king's satisfaction. In order to resolve the situation without relinquishing his royal right to choose the pope acknowledged by
England, the king sent two clerks to Rome to negotiate with Urban about English recognition and the
148:
said that Walter expressly conceded that no more papal legates would be sent to
England without William's permission, for the length of William's life. Papal approval of the king's acts in the dispute was also granted. William then attempted to get the legate to depose Anselm, but was unsuccessful.
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and Urban. King
William had not recognized either, but Anselm, prior to his election as archbishop, had recognized Urban, and wished to go to Urban to receive his pallium. William would not allow Anselm to go to Rome nor acknowledge any pope until the king had chosen which pope to recognize, and
135:
Walter did not meet with Anselm when he landed at Dover, instead going directly to meet the king. Walter was authorized to give the king "all that he wanted" in return for
William's recognition of Urban. The king's chief negotiator was
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was expected, the archbishop was unable to talk with the legate due to Anselm's military obligations. Another reason Anselm gave was that nothing could be done about a church council in
England without the king's approval.
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When time came to give Anselm his pallium, the first suggestion that the king give it to Anselm was rejected by the archbishop, and a compromise was reached where Walter put the pallium on the high altar at
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Walter left
England sometime in the summer or autumn of 1095. He took with him to Rome a letter from Anselm and a small gift for Urban. He was in Rome on 14 August 1099, and probably helped elect Pope
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153:. In the end, a compromise was reached, which limited the ability of the papacy to interfere in the English Church in exchange for the king's recognition of Urban.
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pallium for Anselm. They set out after the
Council in February 1095, and returned to England with Walter by 13 May 1095.
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Hugh also accused Walter of taking a bribe and attempting to get Anselm to swear fealty to the pope and
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on 27 May 1095, and Anselm took the pallium from the altar. Walter remained in
England to collect
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236:"The Cardinals of the Holy Roman Church: General list of Cardinals, 11th Century (999–1099)"
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Anselm of Bec and Robert of Meulan: The
Innocence of the Dove and the Wisdom of the Serpent
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Walter was appointed a cardinal by Urban in 1091 and was one of Urban's supporters in the
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For the broader context of the royal right to invest prelates with their insignia, see
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to
England in May 1095, where he secured the recognition of Pope
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11th and 12th century cardinal and papal legate to England
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Church, Kingship, and Lay Investiture in England 1089–1135
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In 1095 the papacy was disputed between two claimants,
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529:The Papacy, 1073–1198: Continuity and Innovation
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531:. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.
495:. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
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572:. Berkeley: University of California Press.
473:. Berkeley: University of California Press.
611:12th-century Italian Roman Catholic bishops
606:11th-century Italian Roman Catholic bishops
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78:in Italy from 1091 to 1101. He served as
551:Saint Anselm: A Portrait in a Landscape
449:The Feudal Kingdom of England 1042–1216
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191:
451:(Fourth ed.). New York: Longman.
240:The Cardinals of the Holy Roman Church
402:Church, Kingship, and Lay Investiture
376:Church, Kingship, and Lay Investiture
334:Church, Kingship, and Lay Investiture
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182:on 13 August 1099. He died in 1101.
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274:Church, King, and Lay Investiture
510:William II: Rufus, the Red King
204:English investiture controversy
202:, which came to a head in the
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527:Robinson, Ian Stuart (1990).
244:Accessed on 6 February 2009
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616:Cardinal-bishops of Albano
621:Diplomats of the Holy See
568:Vaughn, Sally N. (1987).
258:Feudal Kingdom of England
96:Archbishop of Canterbury
200:Investiture Controversy
144:. The medieval writer
636:William II of England
124:Council of Rockingham
88:William II of England
508:Mason, Emma (2005).
159:Canterbury Cathedral
138:William de St-Calais
100:Anselm of Canterbury
90:. He also brought a
70:(died 1101) was the
68:Gualterio of Albano
512:. Stroud: Tempus.
489:Cantor, Norman F.
232:Miranda, Salvador
131:Legate in England
76:Diocese of Albano
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142:Bishop of Durham
39:Personal details
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626:1101 deaths
320:pp. 342–344
289:pp. 139–141
151:Saint Peter
122:called the
119:Clement III
112:papal curia
600:Categories
437:References
300:William II
287:William II
501:186158828
426:Robinson
387:Southern
361:Southern
214:Citations
180:Pascal II
48:Gualterio
549:(1990).
491:(1958).
469:(1983).
447:(1988).
86:by King
84:Urban II
413:Vaughn
400:Cantor
374:Cantor
348:Barlow
332:Cantor
316:Barlow
272:Cantor
256:Barlow
92:pallium
74:of the
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428:Papacy
417:p. 193
391:p. 273
389:Anselm
365:p. 269
363:Anselm
352:p. 345
302:p. 143
298:Mason
285:Mason
260:p. 159
140:, the
64:Walter
26:Orders
430:p. 62
404:p. 95
378:p. 93
336:p. 92
276:p. 91
186:Notes
574:ISBN
555:ISBN
533:ISBN
514:ISBN
497:OCLC
475:ISBN
453:ISBN
57:1101
54:Died
44:Born
34:1091
66:or
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