2882:
603:
316:
305:
294:
283:
272:
196:
2584:
434:
423:
404:
393:
229:
3003:
631:
584:
573:
554:
535:
518:
507:
490:
479:
468:
457:
446:
253:
2673:, but for two weeks, from 16 August, Königsmarck's forces were forced to continuously repulse attacks from Ismail Pasha's forces, fight off the sorties of the besieged Ottoman garrison and cope with a new outbreak of plague. On 29 August 1686 Ismail Pasha attacked the Venetian camp, but was heavily defeated. With the defeat of the relief army, Nafplion was forced to surrender on September 3. News of this major victory were greeted in Venice with joy and celebration. Nafplion became the Venetians' major base, while Ismail Pasha withdrew to
612:
349:
338:
327:
207:
3015:. The Holy League settled the issues of payment by using all available funds from the government, loans from several wealthy bankers and noblemen and large sums of money from the Pope. Also, the Habsburgs and Poles agreed that the Polish government would pay for its own troops while still in Poland, but that they would be paid by the Emperor once they had crossed into Imperial territory. However, the Emperor had to recognise Sobieski's claim to first rights of plunder of the enemy camp in the event of a victory.
621:
382:
371:
360:
218:
2755:
3115:
2975:
2330:
3051:
2720:"). On 22 July 1687, Morosini, with a force of 14,000, landed outside Patras, where the new Ottoman commander, Mehmed Pasha, had established himself. Mehmed, with an army of roughly equal size, attacked the Venetian force immediately after it landed, but was defeated and forced to retreat. At this point panic spread among the Ottoman forces, and the Venetians were able, within a few days, to capture the citadel of Patras, and the forts of Rion, Antirrion, and
240:
2681:
60:
528:
500:
2621:
1916:
1873:
2994:, creating gaps of about 12m in width. The Viennese tried to counter this by digging their own tunnels to intercept the depositing of large amounts of gunpowder in caverns. The Ottomans finally managed to occupy the Burg ravelin and the low wall in that area on 8 September. Anticipating a breach in the city walls, the remaining Viennese prepared to fight in the inner city.
2438:. There, however, he and much of his army were met by another equally formidable adversary, the plague. Bogdani returned to Pristina but succumbed to the disease there on 6 December 1689. His nephew, Gjergj Bogdani, reported in 1698 that his uncle's remains were later exhumed by Turkish and Tatar soldiers and fed to the dogs in the middle of the square in Pristina.
2871:
2912:, the Ottoman Empire undertook extensive logistical preparations, including the repair and establishment of roads and bridges leading into the Holy Roman Empire and its logistical centres, as well as the forwarding of ammunition, cannon and other resources from all over the Ottoman Empire to these centres and into the Balkans. Since 1679, the
2103:
156,000 specifically to the conflict against France. Of those 280,000, only 74,000, or about one quarter, were positioned against the Turks; the rest were fighting France. Overall, from 1683 to 1699, the
Imperial States had on average 88,100 men fighting the Turks, while from 1688 to 1697, they had on average 127,410 fighting the French.
2669:, then unfortified, which overlooked the town. Despite the Venetians' success in capturing Palamidi, the arrival of a 7,000 strong Ottoman army under Ismail Pasha at Argos rendered their position difficult. The Venetians' initial assault against the relief army succeeded in taking Argos and forcing the pasha to retreat to
2154:, a large city on the border of the Commonwealth. The small Polish force resisted the siege of Kamenets for two weeks but was then forced to surrender. The Polish army was too small to resist the Ottoman invasion and could score only some minor tactical victories. After three months, the Poles were forced to sign the
3320:
U toku
Velikog bečkog rata, naročito posle oslobođenja Budima 1686. srpski narod u Ugarskoj, Slavoniji, Bačkoj, Banatu, priključivao se carskim trupama i kao "rašanska, racka" milicija učestvovao u borbama u Lipi, Jenovi i Đuli...carska vojska i srpska milicija oslobodile su u proleće i leto 1688,
3066:
who fought on the Polish side wore a sprig of straw in their helmets to distinguish themselves from the Tatars fighting on the
Ottoman side. The charge easily broke the lines of the Ottomans, who were exhausted and demoralised and soon started to flee the battlefield. The cavalry headed straight for
2970:
resulted in the addition of the Polish hussars to the already existing allied army. The command of the forces of
European allies was entrusted to the Polish king, who had under his command 70,000–80,000 soldiers facing a Turkish army of 150,000. Sobieski's courage and remarkable aptitude for command
2600:
with 10,000 men, reinforcing the three forts that the
Ottomans already garrisoned, and compelled the Maniots to give up hostages to secure their loyalty. As a result, the Maniots remained uncommitted when, on 25 June 1685, the Venetian army, 8,100 men strong, landed outside the former Venetian fort
2632:
In
October 1685, the Venetian army retreated to the Ionian Islands for winter quarters, where a plague broke out, something which would occur regularly in the next years, and take a great toll on the Venetian army, especially among the German contingents. In April 1686, the Venetians helped repulse
2595:
Having secured his rear during the previous year, Morosini set his sights upon the
Peloponnese, where the Greeks, especially the Maniots, had begun showing signs of revolt and communicated with Morosini, promising to rise up in his aid. Ismail Pasha, the new military commander of Morea, learned of
2574:
in late
September removed the last Ottoman bastions. These early successes were important for the Venetians not only for reasons of morale, but because they secured their communications with Venice, denied to the Ottomans the possibility of threatening the Ionian Islands or of ferrying troops via
3070:
The
Ottoman troops were tired and dispirited following the failure of both the attempt at sapping and the assault on the city and the advance of the Holy League infantry on the Turkenschanz. The cavalry charge was one last deadly blow. Less than three hours after the cavalry attack, the Christian
2102:
The war largely overlapped with the Nine Years' War (1688–1697), which took up the vast majority of the
Habsburgs' attention while it was active. In 1695, for instance, the Holy Roman Empire states had 280,000 troops in the field, with England, the Dutch Republic, and Spain contributing another
2766:
After a few years of peace, the Ottoman Empire attacked the Habsburg monarchy again. The Turks almost captured Vienna, but King John III Sobieski of Poland led a Christian alliance that defeated them in the Battle of Vienna, which shook the Ottoman Empire's hegemony in south-eastern Europe.
3321:
U toku Velikog bečkog rata, ... srpski narod.. od pada Beograda u ruke austrijske vojske 1688. i u Srbiji priključivao se carskim trupama i kao "rašanska, racka" milicija učestvovao u borbama u toku 1689–1691. borbe su prenete na Banat. Srbe u njima predvodio je vojvoda Novak Petrović
2899:
Capturing Vienna had long been a strategic aspiration of the Ottoman Empire, because of its interlocking control over Danubian (Black Sea to Western Europe) southern Europe, and the overland (Eastern Mediterranean to Germany) trade routes. During the years preceding this second siege
2732:", and a bronze bust of his was displayed in the Great Hall, something never before done for a living citizen. The Venetians followed up this success with the reduction of the last Ottoman bastions in the Peloponnese, including Corinth, which was occupied on 7 August, and
2523:, the Venetians decided to use the opportunity of the weakening of Ottoman power and its distraction in the Danubian front so as to reconquer its lost territories in the Aegean and Dalmatia. On 25 April 1684, the Most Serene Republic declared war on the Ottomans.
3010:
The relief army had to act quickly to save the city and so prevent another long siege. Despite the binational composition of the army and the short space of only six days, an effective leadership structure was established, centred on the Polish king and his
1860:
3022:
and his light cavalry force, which numbered about 30,000–40,000. There is doubt as to how far the Tatars participated in the final battle before Vienna. The Ottomans could not rely on their Wallachian and Moldavian allies.
2829:
defeated the Ottoman incursion into the Commonwealth. The League won the war in 1699 and forced the Ottoman Empire to sign the Treaty of Karlowitz. The Ottomans thereby lost much of their European possessions, with
2665:, which was then the most important town in the Peloponnese. The Venetian army, ca. 12,000 strong, landed around Nafplion between 30 July and August 4. Königsmarck immediately led an assault upon the hill of
2801:
On the smaller Polish front, after the battles of 1683 (Vienna and Parkany), Sobieski, after his proposal for the League to start a major coordinated offensive, undertook a rather unsuccessful offensive in
3981:
1123:
1876:
The northern Balkans in 1683, before the war. The northwestern portion is shown as belonging to the Habsburgs, the bulk of the Balkans under the Ottomans, with the far-northeastern area being Polish.
2562:(Santa Maura), which fell, after a brief siege of 16 days, on 6 August 1684. The Venetians, aided by Greek irregulars, then crossed into the mainland and started raiding the opposite shore of
2724:(Lepanto) without any opposition, as their garrisons abandoned them. This new success caused great joy in Venice, and honours were heaped on Morosini and his officers. Morosini received the
4016:
3147:
2881:
1610:
1041:
1014:
1010:
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near the town. This resulted in the Habsburg forces killing over 30,000 Ottomans and dispersing the rest. This crippling defeat was the ultimate factor of the Ottoman Empire signing the
3058:
At around 6:00 pm, the Polish king ordered the cavalry to attack in four groups, three Polish and one from the Holy Roman Empire. Eighteen thousand horsemen charged down the hills,
1765:
3991:
2430:
played a leading role in the pro-Austrian movement in Kosovo during the Great Turkish War. He contributed a force of 6,000 Albanian soldiers to the Austrian army which had arrived in
2245:
was a crushing defeat for the Sultan. The Turks were more successful on the Polish front and were able to retain Podolia during their battles with the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth.
1620:
680:
3018:
Kara Mustafa Pasha was less effective at ensuring his forces' motivation and loyalty, and preparing for the expected relief-army attack. He had entrusted defence of the rear to the
1474:
1180:
2657:(Modon) followed on 7 July, after an effective bombardment destroyed the fort's walls, and its inhabitants were also transferred to Tripoli. The Venetians then advanced towards
4041:
2605:
and laid siege to it. The castle surrendered after 49 days, on 11 August, and the garrison was massacred. After this success, Morosini embarked his troops towards the town of
1116:
3862:
2472:
had held several islands in the Aegean and the Ionian seas, together with strategically positioned forts along the coast of the Greek mainland since the carving up of the
1717:
4006:
2927:, leader of the garrison of 15,000 troops and 8,700 volunteers with 370 cannon, refused to capitulate. Only days before, he had received news of the mass slaughter at
2811:
1486:
3707:
3134:
on January 22, 1699, ending the Great Turkish War. This treaty resulted in the transfer of most of Ottoman Hungary to the Habsburgs, and after further losses in the
1450:
1109:
4071:
3976:
2931:, a town south of Vienna, where the citizens had handed over the keys of the city after having been given a similar choice. Siege operations started on 17 July.
4081:
1603:
3986:
2649:. A relief force under Ismail Pasha was defeated on June 16, and the next day the fort surrendered. The garrison and the Muslim population were transported to
2284:
1758:
2526:
Aware that she would have to rely on her own strength for success, Venice prepared for the war by securing financial and military aid in men and ships from
2376:. Serbs, as volunteers, massively joined the Habsburg side. In the first half of 1688, the Habsburg army, together with units of Serbian Militia, captured
1270:
673:
1162:
539:
4066:
2178:
in 1673, Sobieski was elected king of Poland. He tried to defeat the Ottomans for four years, with no success. The war ended on 17 October 1676 with the
1649:
1644:
1639:
1634:
2692:
Despite losses to the plague during the autumn and winter of 1686, Morosini's forces were replenished by the arrival of new German mercenary corps from
2515:
In 1683, a new war broke out between the Habsburg monarchy and the Ottomans, with a large Ottoman army advancing towards Vienna. In response to this, a
1702:
3223:
Clodfelter, M. (2008). "Warfare and Armed Conflicts: A Statistical Encyclopedia of Casualty and Other Figures, 1492–2015" (2017 ed.). McFarland. p. 59.
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1198:
1194:
1190:
1186:
577:
2316:
2449:
on 19 January 1690. It reported that the "Germans" in Kosovo had made contact with 20,000 Albanians who had turned their weapons against the Turks.
1687:
1596:
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1732:
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1707:
1659:
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La question nationale en Europe du Sud-Est : genèse, émergence et développement de l'indentité nationale albanaise au Kosovo et en Macédoine
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in 1686, with the Ottomans refusing a major engagement and harassing the army. For the next four years Poland would blockade the key fortress at
3072:
666:
309:
4011:
3374:
3067:
the Ottoman camps and Kara Mustafa's headquarters, while the remaining Viennese garrison sallied out of its defences to join in the assault.
2248:
Russia's involvement marked the first time the country formally joined an alliance of European powers. This was the beginning of a series of
3966:
3961:
3917:
3794:
3758:
1239:
1156:
2583:
1468:
1264:
3135:
2226:
2195:
2124:
2029:
2017:
2005:
1251:
1227:
1021:
749:
611:
348:
337:
326:
206:
4051:
4026:
4021:
4001:
3996:
3635:
3344:
2849:
2253:
1026:
3289:
2843:
1839:
1829:
1824:
1819:
1814:
1809:
1799:
1794:
1789:
1245:
4076:
3731:
3471:
3444:
3409:
3152:
2249:
2183:
1775:
461:
47:
2175:
2814:. In 1691, Sobieski undertook another expedition to Moldavia, with slightly better results, but still with no decisive victories.
2575:
western Greece to the Peloponnese, and because these successes encouraged the Greeks to cooperate with them against the Ottomans.
1692:
4061:
4046:
2924:
1168:
320:
2613:, defeated a Turkish force of ca. 10,000 outside Kalamata on 14 September, and by the end of the month, all of Mani and much of
4036:
3971:
2609:, in order to encourage the Maniots to revolt. The Venetian army, reinforced by 3,300 Saxons and under the command of general
1456:
1390:
1372:
936:
2696:
in spring 1687. Thus strengthened, he was able to move against the last major Ottoman bastion in the Peloponnese, the town of
2257:
2182:
in which the Turks retained control over only Kamenets-Podolski. This Turkish attack also led in 1676 to the beginning of the
1312:
342:
4056:
2422:
in March 1686 and spent the next years promoting resistance to the armies of the Ottoman Empire, in particular in his native
1438:
3704:
2967:
2685:
2324:
2292:
2066:
by 1688, the French began to worry that their Habsburg rivals would grow too powerful and eventually turn on France. The
841:
276:
2081:
2071:
1306:
995:
588:
511:
3351:Велики или Бечки рат Аустрије против Турске, у којем су Срби, као добровољци, масовно учествовали на аустријској страни
2959:
3002:
1849:
1534:
983:
801:
287:
2638:
2493:
2480:. However, with the rise of the Ottomans, during the 16th and early 17th centuries, they lost most of these, such as
427:
779:
774:
3936:
3028:
2791:
2736:, which surrendered later in the month. The Peloponnese was under complete Venetian control, and only the fort of
2242:
1426:
856:
796:
769:
1133:
43:
3842:] (in Greek). Vol. XI: Hellenism under foreign rule, 1669–1821. Athens: Ekdotiki Athinon. pp. 8–51.
2818:
2272:
2136:
1360:
1288:
1276:
1078:
896:
816:
744:
2641:
was appointed head of the land forces, while Morosini retained command of the fleet. On 3 June Königsmarck took
2542:. In addition, the Venetians enrolled large numbers of mercenaries from Italy and the German states, especially
522:
3946:
3941:
2826:
2395:
2092:
2063:
1697:
1570:
1540:
1528:
1522:
1516:
1402:
1324:
1318:
1088:
1083:
1031:
911:
851:
821:
719:
353:
2024:
in 1699. The war was a defeat for the Ottoman Empire, which for the first time lost substantial territory, in
1203:
961:
921:
891:
51:
3126:. During the battle, Habsburg Imperial forces routed the Ottoman forces while the Ottomans were crossing the
4031:
2889:
2759:
2171:
2099:
in 1697 when an Ottoman attempt to retake their lost possessions in Hungary was crushed by the Holy League.
2044:
1546:
1498:
1414:
1408:
946:
931:
871:
836:
831:
784:
729:
714:
3042:
above Vienna with bonfires. Before the battle a Mass was celebrated for the King of Poland and his nobles.
2909:
941:
926:
3158:
2913:
2901:
2634:
2610:
2539:
2489:
1576:
1420:
1282:
1174:
1005:
901:
861:
375:
298:
1036:
3071:
forces had won the battle and saved Vienna. The first Christian officer who entered Vienna was Margrave
3019:
2939:
2934:
On 6 September, the Poles under John III Sobieski crossed the Danube 30 km north-west of Vienna at
2693:
2646:
2445:, there is a copy of an intercepted letter, in French, written by a secretary of the English embassy in
2304:
2076:
1504:
967:
826:
811:
3032:
2754:
2095:
in 1690. The war then fell into a stalemate, and peace was concluded in 1699 which began following the
866:
211:
3856:. Vol. V: Greece under Othoman and Venetian Domination A.D. 1453 – 1821. Oxford: Clarendon Press.
3834:
Chasiotis, Ioannis (1975). "Η κάμψη της Οθωμανικής δυνάμεως" [The decline of Ottoman power].
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2329:
2170:
refused to pay the tribute and organized a large army under Sobieski; subsequently, the Poles won the
2150:, who knew that the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth was weakened by internal conflicts, in August 1672
2054:
Initially, Louis XIV took advantage of the start of the war to extend France's eastern borders in the
3062:. Sobieski led the charge at the head of 3,000 Polish heavy lancers, the famed "Winged Hussars". The
2943:
2787:
2543:
2341:
2238:
2179:
2116:
1804:
1558:
1492:
1444:
1354:
1342:
1300:
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806:
759:
734:
724:
69:
876:
3131:
3105:
2963:
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in 1686. The Ottomans suffered three decisive defeats against the Holy Roman Empire after siege of
2303:
passed to Venice, along with the Morea, which the Ottomans reconquered in 1715 and regained in the
2276:
2067:
2055:
2021:
1920:
1672:
1150:
978:
916:
881:
95:
3903:
3050:
906:
17:
2920:
2856:
in 1695 and 1696, and after laying siege to Azov in 1695 successfully occupied the city in 1696.
2771:
2658:
2633:
an Ottoman attack that threatened to overrun Mani, and were reinforced from the Papal States and
2516:
2497:
2469:
2230:
2214:
2112:
2009:
1997:
1552:
1348:
1063:
846:
558:
494:
433:
422:
403:
397:
392:
233:
228:
187:
3622:
3114:
2085:
1058:
2492:) to the Turks. Between 1645 and 1669, the Venetians and the Ottomans fought a long and costly
2036:. The war was significant also for being the first instance of Russia joining an alliance with
3913:
3853:
A History of Greece from its Conquest by the Romans to the Present Time, B.C. 146 to A.D. 1864
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3440:
3415:
3405:
3380:
3370:
3340:
3122:
On September 11, 1697, the Battle of Zenta was fought just south of the Ottoman ruled town of
2893:
2783:
2782:(headed by the Habsburg monarchy), joined by the Venetian Republic and Poland in 1684 and the
2779:
2680:
2677:
after strengthening the garrisons at Corinth, which controlled the passage to central Greece.
2654:
2527:
2512:. However, he was soon after forced to return to Crete, and the Peloponnesian venture failed.
2415:
2234:
2222:
2203:
2199:
2155:
2151:
2120:
2059:
2013:
2001:
1942:
1895:
1844:
1564:
1510:
1336:
1048:
886:
739:
620:
602:
381:
370:
359:
331:
315:
304:
293:
282:
271:
222:
217:
200:
195:
146:
The Habsburg monarchy wins lands in Hungary, the Principality of Transylvania and the Balkans
3434:
2496:, the last major Venetian possession in the Aegean. During this war, the Venetian commander,
3138:, prompted the Ottomans to adopt a more defensive military policy in the following century.
3085:
3059:
2875:
2865:
2775:
2520:
2473:
2218:
2207:
2132:
1985:
1682:
1677:
1654:
1462:
1330:
1221:
1215:
1209:
956:
764:
709:
562:
543:
412:
386:
91:
65:
2194:
After a few years of peace, the Ottoman Empire, encouraged by successes in the west of the
59:
3711:
3304:
3109:
2713:
2650:
2373:
2345:
2320:
2280:
2268:
2096:
2025:
1973:
1726:
1480:
1396:
1073:
973:
951:
754:
438:
364:
77:
2162:
and to pay tribute to the Ottomans. When the news of the defeat and treaty terms reached
3851:
2620:
3660:
3012:
2928:
2853:
2597:
2555:
2531:
2477:
2446:
2427:
2377:
2037:
1993:
1915:
1432:
1384:
1378:
1068:
1000:
630:
583:
572:
553:
534:
527:
517:
506:
499:
489:
478:
467:
456:
445:
408:
257:
252:
244:
116:
111:
73:
2043:
The French did not join the Holy League, as France had agreed to reviving an informal
3930:
3847:
3300:
3079:
2919:
The main Ottoman army finally laid siege to Vienna on 14 July 1683. On the same day,
2905:
2725:
2140:
1366:
3836:Ιστορία του Ελληνικού Έθνους, Τόμος ΙΑ′: Ο ελληνισμός υπό ξένη κυριαρχία, 1669–1821
3063:
3024:
2852:, which both ended in Russian defeats. Despite these setbacks, Russia launched the
2535:
2381:
2275:
in 1698), the League won the war in 1699 and forced the Ottoman Empire to sign the
2091:
As a result, the advance made by the Holy League stalled, allowing the Ottomans to
1872:
3907:
3461:
3334:
3303:, Department of Social Sciences, Proceedings i History, p. 7, archived from
2566:. Most of the area was soon under Venetian control, and the fall of the forts of
2554:
In mid-June, the Venetian fleet moved from the Adriatic towards the Ottoman-held
2717:
2705:
1834:
2062:. However, as the Holy League made gains against the Ottoman Empire, capturing
3127:
3039:
2737:
2701:
2463:
2333:
483:
3384:
2336:
came to power during the war, where he personally commanded the Ottoman Army.
3419:
2955:
2947:
2721:
2709:
2563:
2442:
2147:
2048:
450:
3364:
2398:
from the Ottomans in 1688, Serbs from the territories in the south of the
2080:
letter to take control of England as king. Therefore, the French besieged
3399:
2938:
to unite with the Imperial troops and the additional forces from Saxony,
2803:
2740:(Malvasia) in the southeast continued to resist, holding out until 1690.
2666:
2662:
2614:
2606:
2509:
2431:
2361:
2353:
2344:
from the Ottoman Empire in 1686 during the Great Turkish War, Serbs from
2300:
2288:
2128:
472:
167:
2372:) joined the troops of the Habsburg monarchy as separate units known as
2210:(1683), stalling the Ottoman Empire's hegemony in south-eastern Europe.
1101:
2991:
2987:
2870:
2831:
2733:
2670:
2625:
2571:
2567:
2559:
2501:
2435:
2419:
2357:
2349:
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2159:
2033:
151:
121:
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The Siege of Vienna: The Last Great Trial between Cross & Crescent
2874:
Defence of the fortifications of Vienna by civilians, oil painting by
2504:, for a joint campaign in the Morea. In 1659, Morosini landed in the
1588:
3463:
Rebels, Believers, Survivors: Studies in the History of the Albanians
2986:
had repeatedly blown up large portions of the walls between the Burg
2983:
2951:
2822:
2697:
2674:
2602:
2485:
2481:
2423:
2403:
2369:
2163:
2084:
on 27 September 1688, breaking the truce and triggering the separate
2051:
being recognized as a protector of Catholics in the Ottoman domains.
2020:. Intensive fighting began in 1683 and ended with the signing of the
1743:
658:
2131:
stayed in the southeastern part of the Commonwealth. Their leader,
3123:
3113:
3049:
3001:
2935:
2880:
2869:
2753:
2679:
2642:
2619:
2582:
2505:
2365:
2328:
1914:
1871:
239:
163:
3661:"Polish Renaissance Warfare – Summary of Conflicts – Part Eight"
2399:
2388:
2261:
2167:
157:
1747:
1592:
1105:
662:
3035:'s forces joined the retreat after Sobieski's cavalry charge.
3692:
Warfare, State and Society on the Black Sea Steppe, 1500–1700
3208:, Styria Vlg. Graz, p. 215 of 1983 Polish translated ed.
3219:
3217:
3215:
2798:
in 1691 and the Battle of Zenta a decade later, in 1697.
99:(15 years, 6 months, 1 week and 5 days)
3703:
The original document was destroyed during World War II.
3863:
Venice, Austria, and the Turks in the Seventeenth Century
3148:
Croatian-Slavonian-Dalmatian theater in Great Turkish War
2252:, the last of which was World War I. As a result of the
3038:
The confederated troops signalled their arrival on the
2923:
sent the traditional demand for surrender to the city.
2519:
was formed. After the Ottoman army was defeated in the
2982:
During early September, the experienced 5,000 Ottoman
2414:
Kosovo Albanian Roman Catholic Bishop and philosopher
27:
Conflicts between Ottomans and Holy League (1683–1699)
3866:(Memoirs of the American Philosophical Society, 1991)
2241:
what was under Ottoman's rule since 1541. The second
2237:
in 1686. Holy League's troops besieged and conquered
2744:
Polish–Ottoman & Austro-Turkish Wars (1683–1699)
3881:
Heart of Europe: A History of the Holy Roman Empire
2206:led a Christian alliance that defeated them in the
3982:17th century in the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth
4017:Military operations involving the Crimean Khanate
2127:(currently parts of eastern Ukraine), while some
2904:had taken place in 1529), under the auspices of
2070:was also a matter of concern for the French, as
3155:, among the first Christian victims of the war.
2966:. An alliance between Sobieski and the Emperor
2848:During the war, the Russian army organized the
36:
3283:
3281:
3279:
2894:John III of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania
2260:, Russia captured the key Ottoman fortress of
3781:
3779:
2135:, sought the Ottoman Empire's protection and
1759:
1604:
1117:
674:
8:
3890:The Emergence of the Great Powers: 1685–1715
3625:at History of Warfare, World History at KMLA
2406:rivers began to join Serbian Militia units.
4042:Wars involving the Grand Duchy of Lithuania
3819:Ottoman Wars, 1700–1860: An Empire Besieged
3206:Jan Sobieski, Mit Habsburg gegen die Türken
3091:
3083:
2271:in 1697 and lesser skirmishes (such as the
2074:was being invited by English nobles in the
3992:Habsburg monarchy–Ottoman Empire relations
3872:German Armies: War and Politics, 1648–1806
3753:, Vol. Two, Santa Barbara: ABC-CLIO, LLC,
3745:
3743:
3741:
3739:
3724:The Decline and Fall of the Ottoman Empire
2058:, taking Luxembourg and Strasbourg in the
1766:
1752:
1744:
1611:
1597:
1589:
1124:
1110:
1102:
681:
667:
659:
33:
3582:
3522:
3054:The relief of Vienna on 12 September 1683
2834:(including Kamenets) returned to Poland.
2508:, and together with the Maniots, he took
1992:), was a series of conflicts between the
3466:. Oxford University Press. p. 135.
3439:. Rowman & Littlefield. p. 55.
2973:
2817:The last battle of the campaign was the
2500:, came into contact with the rebellious
2441:Among the papers of Ludwig von Baden in
2202:. The Turks almost captured Vienna, but
4007:History of the Ottoman Empire in Europe
3169:
2225:(headed by the Habsburg monarchy), the
2158:in which they agreed to cede Kamenets,
3606:
3594:
3570:
3558:
3546:
3534:
3510:
3498:
3486:
3299:(in Serbian), vol. 74, Novi Sad:
3258:The making of modern Europe, 1648–1780
3244:
3232:
3176:
2123:in 1654 acquired territories from the
4072:Wars involving the Republic of Venice
3977:17th century in the Habsburg monarchy
3883:, Cambridge: Harvard University Press
3821:, (Pearson Education Ltd., 2007), 28.
3404:. Boulder: East European Monographs.
3118:The Battle of Zenta in September 1697
3060:the largest cavalry charge in history
2558:. The first target was the island of
7:
4082:Wars involving the Holy Roman Empire
3096:" – "I came, I saw, God conquered".
2317:Habsburg-occupied Serbia (1686–1691)
2032:, as well as in part of the western
3726:, p. 12, Barnes & Noble, 1992.
3679:Sophia, Regent of Russia: 1657–1704
2394:from the Ottoman Empire. After the
1163:Hundred Years' Croatian–Ottoman War
2925:Ernst Rüdiger Graf von Starhemberg
2850:Crimean campaigns of 1687 and 1689
25:
18:War of the Holy League (1683-1699)
4067:Wars involving the Ottoman Empire
3297:Zbornik Matice Srpske za Istoriju
3204:Forst de Battaglia, Otto (1982),
3153:Enea Silvio Piccolomini (general)
3078:Afterwards, Sobieski paraphrased
2990:, the Löbel bastion and the Burg
2295:, to the Habsburg monarchy while
3912:. Malden: Blackwell Publishing.
3436:Historical Dictionary of Albania
3401:Unfinished portrait of a country
3339:(in Serbian), IDEA, p. 70,
3006:Turks before the walls of Vienna
1919:The northern Balkans, after the
629:
619:
610:
601:
582:
571:
552:
533:
526:
516:
505:
498:
488:
477:
466:
455:
444:
432:
421:
402:
391:
380:
369:
358:
347:
336:
325:
314:
303:
292:
281:
270:
251:
238:
227:
216:
205:
194:
58:
3987:France–Ottoman Empire relations
3751:A Global Chronology of Conflict
3623:Habsburg-Ottoman War, 1683–1699
3075:, at the head of his dragoons.
2958:of France declined to help his
2712:controlled the entrance to the
2708:, which along with its twin at
2645:and proceeded to lay siege the
1487:2nd Peñón de Vélez de la Gomera
1475:1st Peñón de Vélez de la Gomera
3957:1690s in the Habsburg monarchy
3952:1680s in the Habsburg monarchy
3879:——— (2016),
3136:Austro-Turkish War (1716–1718)
2971:were already known in Europe.
2750:Polish–Ottoman War (1683–1699)
2434:and accompanied it to capture
2340:After allied Christian forces
2227:Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth
2196:Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth
2125:Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth
2030:Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth
1:
3681:, Yale University Press, 206.
3619:Polish-Ottoman War, 1683–1699
3189:Podhorodecki, Leszek (2001),
3179:, pp. 460–461, table 13.
2978:Europe after Battle of Vienna
2844:Russo-Turkish War (1686–1700)
2838:Russo-Turkish War (1686–1700)
2617:were under Venetian control.
2325:Great Migrations of the Serbs
2279:. The Ottomans ceded most of
4012:Military history of Slovenia
3271:The Islamic world in decline
2550:Operations in the Ionian Sea
2299:returned to Poland. Most of
2088:, which relieved the Turks.
2072:William III of Orange-Nassau
156:Russia captures the port of
3967:1690s in the Ottoman Empire
3962:1680s in the Ottoman Empire
3840:History of the Greek Nation
3333:Janićijević, Jovan (1996),
3288:Gavrilović, Slavko (2006),
2810:, and Ottoman Tatars would
4098:
3103:
2916:had been ravaging Vienna.
2863:
2841:
2747:
2684:Depiction of the Venetian
2461:
2314:
2152:attacked Kamenets Podolski
150:Poland–Lithuania captures
4052:Wars involving Montenegro
4027:Ottoman period in Ukraine
4022:Ottoman period in Moldova
4002:History of Eastern Europe
3997:History of Central Europe
3398:Prifti, Peter R. (2005).
3273:, Praeger Publishers, 32.
3256:Treasure, Geoffrey 1985,
2591:, in the mid-16th century
2579:The conquest of the Morea
2047:in 1673, in exchange for
1858:
1785:
1630:
1143:
700:
652:
648:175,000 killed or wounded
645:135,000 killed or wounded
639:
594:
263:
180:
83:
57:
41:
4077:Wars involving Wallachia
3835:
3260:, Methuen & Co, 614.
2827:Feliks Kazimierz Potocki
2821:in 1698, where a Polish
2639:Otto Wilhelm Königsmarck
1990:Kutsal İttifak Savaşları
4062:Wars involving Slovenia
4047:Wars involving Moldavia
3860:Setton, Kenneth Meyer.
3363:Iseni, Bashkim (2008).
3336:Kulturna riznica Srbije
2385:(today Lipova, Romania)
2368:regions in present-day
2267:Following the decisive
2243:Battle of Mohács (1687)
2172:Battle of Khotyn (1673)
2045:Franco-Ottoman alliance
1982:Wars of the Holy League
1146:Hungary and the Balkans
653:384,000 military deaths
4037:Wars involving Austria
3972:17th-century conflicts
3870:Wilson, Peter (1998),
3460:Malcolm, Noel (2020).
3433:Elsie, Robert (2010).
3193:, Bellona, p. 105
3159:Scutum (constellation)
3119:
3093:Veni, vidi, Deus vicit
3092:
3084:
3055:
3031:, was captured, while
3007:
2979:
2896:
2878:
2763:
2689:
2686:siege of the Acropolis
2637:. The Swedish marshal
2629:
2611:Hannibal von Degenfeld
2592:
2540:Knights of St. Stephen
2356:region in present-day
2337:
2291:, as well as parts of
2107:Background (1667–1683)
2018:the Kingdom of Hungary
1989:
1977:
1965:
1912:
1469:Orán and Mers-el-Kébir
1181:Little Wars in Hungary
264:Commanders and leaders
4057:Wars involving Poland
3806:The enemy at the gate
3785:Varvounis, M., 2012,
3677:Lindsey Hughes 1990,
3269:Sicker, Martin 2001,
3117:
3053:
3005:
2977:
2908:from the influential
2884:
2873:
2757:
2688:of Athens during 1687
2683:
2623:
2596:this and invaded the
2586:
2392:(today Ienu, Romania)
2332:
2305:Treaty of Passarowitz
2174:. After the death of
2077:Invitation to William
1918:
1875:
1135:Ottoman–Habsburg wars
968:Action of 6 July 1697
640:Casualties and losses
44:Ottoman–Habsburg wars
3749:Tucker, S.C., 2010,
3310:on 16 September 2011
3082:'s famous quotation
2890:Stanisław Chlebowski
2812:raid the borderlands
2778:and encompassed the
2647:fortress of Navarino
2221:and encompassed the
1963: Ottoman Empire
1910: Ottoman Empire
3808:, Andrew Wheatcroft
3710:29 May 2008 at the
3690:Brian Davies 2007,
3549:, pp. 215–216.
3537:, pp. 213–214.
3513:, pp. 211–212.
3489:, pp. 205–206.
3132:Treaty of Karlowitz
3106:Treaty of Karlowitz
2796:Battle of Slankamen
2426:. He and his vicar
2396:capture of Belgrade
2277:Treaty of Karlowitz
2233:in 1684, joined by
2068:Glorious Revolution
2056:War of the Reunions
2022:Treaty of Karlowitz
1980:), also called the
1921:Treaty of Karlowitz
1622:Polish–Ottoman Wars
842:Acropolis of Athens
589:Morto Hüseyin Pasha
428:Wilhelm Königsmarck
321:Rüdiger Starhemberg
288:Charles of Lorraine
135:Holy League victory
64:From top left: The
52:Polish–Ottoman wars
3705:German translation
3120:
3056:
3033:Șerban Cantacuzino
3029:Prince of Moldavia
3008:
2998:Staging the battle
2980:
2921:Kara Mustafa Pasha
2897:
2886:Sobieski at Vienna
2879:
2819:Battle of Podhajce
2764:
2690:
2630:
2593:
2498:Francesco Morosini
2470:Republic of Venice
2338:
2273:Battle of Podhajce
2250:Russo-Turkish Wars
2184:Russo-Turkish Wars
2113:Bohdan Khmelnytsky
2000:consisting of the
1978:Großer Türkenkrieg
1966:
1913:
1861:Turco-Mongol raids
1777:Russo-Turkish Wars
1252:Austro-Turkish War
1240:Austro-Turkish War
1228:Austro-Turkish War
1157:Hungarian campaign
512:Kara Ibrahim Pasha
398:Francesco Morosini
234:Republic of Venice
48:Russo-Ottoman wars
3937:Great Turkish War
3892:(1951), pp 15–53.
3694:, Routledge, 185.
3376:978-3-03911-320-0
3369:. Bern: P. Lang.
2784:Tsardom of Russia
2780:Holy Roman Empire
2774:was initiated by
2760:Battle of Párkány
2589:Napoli di Romagna
2528:Hospitaller Malta
2342:had captured Buda
2254:Crimean campaigns
2231:Venetian Republic
2223:Holy Roman Empire
2217:was initiated by
2204:John III Sobieski
2200:Habsburg monarchy
2180:Treaty of Żurawno
2156:Treaty of Buchach
2139:Polish commander
2121:Tsardom of Russia
2060:Truce of Ratisbon
2002:Holy Roman Empire
1970:Great Turkish War
1867:
1866:
1741:
1740:
1586:
1585:
1429: (1553–1559)
1315: (1533–1534)
1248: (1735–1739)
1246:Russo-Turkish War
1242: (1716–1718)
1236: (1683–1699)
1234:Great Turkish War
1224: (1604–1606)
1218: (1593–1606)
1165: (1527–1593)
1099:
1098:
692:Great Turkish War
657:
656:
354:Kazimierz Potocki
332:John III Sobieski
223:Tsardom of Russia
201:Holy Roman Empire
176:
175:
37:Great Turkish War
16:(Redirected from
4089:
3923:
3919:978-1-40514291-5
3884:
3874:
3857:
3843:
3822:
3817:Virginia Aksan,
3815:
3809:
3803:
3797:
3795:978-1-46288080-5
3783:
3774:
3767:
3761:
3759:978-1-85109667-1
3747:
3734:
3720:
3714:
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3695:
3688:
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3290:"Isaija Đaković"
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3180:
3174:
3095:
3089:
3086:Veni, vidi, vici
2876:Romeyn de Hooghe
2866:Battle of Vienna
2860:Battle of Vienna
2792:Battle of Mohács
2776:Pope Innocent XI
2624:The conquest of
2521:Battle of Vienna
2474:Byzantine Empire
2418:returned to the
2219:Pope Innocent XI
2208:Battle of Vienna
2137:in 1667 attacked
2133:Petro Doroshenko
2006:Poland-Lithuania
1964:
1962:
1958:
1956:
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1950:
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1222:Bocskai uprising
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212:Poland–Lithuania
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162:Venice captures
85:
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66:Battle of Vienna
62:
34:
21:
4097:
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4092:
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4090:
4088:
4087:
4086:
3947:1690s conflicts
3942:1680s conflicts
3927:
3926:
3920:
3902:
3899:
3897:Further reading
3878:
3869:
3846:
3837:
3833:
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3825:
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3812:
3804:
3800:
3784:
3777:
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3712:Wayback Machine
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3110:Battle of Zenta
3104:Main articles:
3102:
3073:Ludwig of Baden
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3000:
2868:
2862:
2846:
2840:
2762:in October 1683
2752:
2746:
2730:Peloponnesiacus
2714:Corinthian Gulf
2581:
2552:
2546:and Brunswick.
2466:
2460:
2455:
2453:Associated wars
2412:
2374:Serbian Militia
2346:Pannonian Plain
2327:
2321:Serbian Militia
2313:
2269:Battle of Zenta
2198:, attacked the
2192:
2109:
2097:Battle of Zenta
2093:retake Belgrade
2086:Nine Years' War
1960:
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1943:Habsburg Empire
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1896:Habsburg Empire
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1772:
1742:
1737:
1727:Lipka rebellion
1626:
1621:
1619:
1617:
1587:
1582:
1254: (1788–91)
1230: (1663–64)
1159: (1527–28)
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376:Vasily Golitsyn
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3944:
3939:
3929:
3928:
3925:
3924:
3918:
3904:Ćirković, Sima
3898:
3895:
3894:
3893:
3888:Wolf, John B.
3886:
3876:
3867:
3858:
3848:Finlay, George
3844:
3829:
3826:
3824:
3823:
3810:
3798:
3775:
3762:
3735:
3722:Palmer, Alan,
3715:
3696:
3683:
3670:
3652:
3627:
3611:
3609:, p. 221.
3599:
3597:, p. 220.
3587:
3583:Chasiotis 1975
3575:
3573:, p. 218.
3563:
3561:, p. 216.
3551:
3539:
3527:
3523:Chasiotis 1975
3515:
3503:
3501:, p. 209.
3491:
3479:
3472:
3452:
3445:
3425:
3410:
3390:
3375:
3355:
3346:978-8675470397
3345:
3325:
3275:
3262:
3249:
3247:, p. 461.
3237:
3225:
3211:
3196:
3181:
3168:
3166:
3163:
3162:
3161:
3156:
3150:
3143:
3140:
3101:
3098:
3047:
3044:
3020:Khan of Crimea
2999:
2996:
2964:annexed Alsace
2962:, having just
2960:Habsburg rival
2929:Perchtoldsdorf
2910:Köprülü family
2864:Main article:
2861:
2858:
2854:Azov campaigns
2842:Main article:
2839:
2836:
2748:Main article:
2745:
2742:
2598:Mani Peninsula
2580:
2577:
2556:Ionian Islands
2551:
2548:
2532:Duchy of Savoy
2494:war over Crete
2478:Fourth Crusade
2462:Main article:
2459:
2456:
2454:
2451:
2447:Constantinople
2428:Toma Raspasani
2416:Pjetër Bogdani
2411:
2408:
2312:
2309:
2258:Azov campaigns
2191:
2188:
2108:
2105:
2038:Western Europe
1994:Ottoman Empire
1865:
1864:
1859:
1856:
1855:
1853:
1852:
1847:
1842:
1837:
1832:
1827:
1822:
1817:
1812:
1807:
1802:
1797:
1792:
1786:
1783:
1782:
1773:
1771:
1770:
1763:
1756:
1748:
1739:
1738:
1736:
1735:
1730:
1720:
1715:
1710:
1705:
1700:
1695:
1690:
1685:
1680:
1675:
1670:
1667:
1662:
1657:
1652:
1647:
1642:
1637:
1631:
1628:
1627:
1618:
1616:
1615:
1608:
1601:
1593:
1584:
1583:
1581:
1580:
1577:Constantinople
1574:
1571:Cape Celidonia
1568:
1562:
1556:
1550:
1544:
1538:
1532:
1526:
1520:
1514:
1508:
1502:
1496:
1490:
1484:
1478:
1472:
1466:
1460:
1457:3rd Mostaganem
1454:
1448:
1442:
1436:
1430:
1424:
1418:
1412:
1406:
1400:
1394:
1391:2st Mostaganem
1388:
1382:
1376:
1373:1st Mostaganem
1370:
1364:
1358:
1352:
1346:
1340:
1334:
1328:
1322:
1316:
1310:
1304:
1298:
1292:
1286:
1280:
1274:
1268:
1256:
1255:
1249:
1243:
1237:
1231:
1225:
1219:
1213:
1207:
1201:
1184:
1178:
1172:
1166:
1160:
1154:
1144:
1141:
1140:
1131:
1129:
1128:
1121:
1114:
1106:
1097:
1096:
1094:
1093:
1081:
1076:
1071:
1069:Azov campaigns
1066:
1061:
1056:
1051:
1046:
1034:
1029:
1024:
1019:
1003:
998:
992:
991:
990:Eastern Europe
987:
986:
981:
976:
971:
964:
959:
954:
949:
944:
939:
934:
929:
924:
919:
914:
909:
904:
899:
894:
889:
884:
879:
874:
869:
864:
859:
854:
849:
844:
839:
834:
829:
824:
819:
814:
809:
804:
799:
793:
792:
788:
787:
782:
777:
775:Székesfehérvár
772:
767:
762:
757:
752:
747:
742:
737:
732:
727:
722:
717:
712:
706:
705:
704:Central Europe
701:
698:
697:
688:
686:
685:
678:
671:
663:
655:
654:
650:
649:
646:
642:
641:
637:
636:
626:
597:
596:
592:
591:
523:Süleyman Pasha
441:
409:Bajo Pivljanin
310:Louis of Baden
266:
265:
261:
260:
258:Ottoman Empire
248:
245:Spanish Empire
183:
182:
178:
177:
174:
173:
172:
171:
160:
154:
143:
137:
136:
133:
129:
128:
125:
124:
119:
117:Eastern Europe
114:
112:Central Europe
108:
107:
105:
101:
100:
89:
81:
80:
74:Azov campaigns
55:
54:
39:
38:
32:
31:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4094:
4083:
4080:
4078:
4075:
4073:
4070:
4068:
4065:
4063:
4060:
4058:
4055:
4053:
4050:
4048:
4045:
4043:
4040:
4038:
4035:
4033:
4030:
4028:
4025:
4023:
4020:
4018:
4015:
4013:
4010:
4008:
4005:
4003:
4000:
3998:
3995:
3993:
3990:
3988:
3985:
3983:
3980:
3978:
3975:
3973:
3970:
3968:
3965:
3963:
3960:
3958:
3955:
3953:
3950:
3948:
3945:
3943:
3940:
3938:
3935:
3934:
3932:
3921:
3915:
3911:
3910:
3905:
3901:
3900:
3896:
3891:
3887:
3882:
3877:
3873:
3868:
3865:
3864:
3859:
3855:
3854:
3849:
3845:
3841:
3832:
3831:
3827:
3820:
3814:
3811:
3807:
3802:
3799:
3796:
3792:
3788:
3782:
3780:
3776:
3772:
3769:Stoye, John.
3766:
3763:
3760:
3756:
3752:
3746:
3744:
3742:
3740:
3736:
3733:
3732:1-56619-847-X
3729:
3725:
3719:
3716:
3713:
3709:
3706:
3700:
3697:
3693:
3687:
3684:
3680:
3674:
3671:
3666:
3662:
3656:
3653:
3641:
3637:
3631:
3628:
3624:
3620:
3615:
3612:
3608:
3603:
3600:
3596:
3591:
3588:
3585:, p. 24.
3584:
3579:
3576:
3572:
3567:
3564:
3560:
3555:
3552:
3548:
3543:
3540:
3536:
3531:
3528:
3525:, p. 23.
3524:
3519:
3516:
3512:
3507:
3504:
3500:
3495:
3492:
3488:
3483:
3480:
3475:
3473:9780198857297
3469:
3465:
3464:
3456:
3453:
3448:
3446:9780810861886
3442:
3438:
3437:
3429:
3426:
3421:
3417:
3413:
3411:0-88033-558-0
3407:
3403:
3402:
3394:
3391:
3386:
3382:
3378:
3372:
3368:
3367:
3359:
3356:
3352:
3348:
3342:
3338:
3337:
3329:
3326:
3322:
3306:
3302:
3301:Matica Srpska
3298:
3291:
3284:
3282:
3280:
3276:
3272:
3266:
3263:
3259:
3253:
3250:
3246:
3241:
3238:
3235:, p. 92.
3234:
3229:
3226:
3220:
3218:
3216:
3212:
3207:
3200:
3197:
3192:
3185:
3182:
3178:
3173:
3170:
3164:
3160:
3157:
3154:
3151:
3149:
3146:
3145:
3141:
3139:
3137:
3133:
3129:
3125:
3116:
3111:
3107:
3099:
3097:
3094:
3088:
3087:
3081:
3080:Julius Caesar
3076:
3074:
3068:
3065:
3061:
3052:
3045:
3043:
3041:
3036:
3034:
3030:
3026:
3021:
3016:
3014:
3004:
2997:
2995:
2993:
2989:
2985:
2976:
2972:
2969:
2965:
2961:
2957:
2953:
2949:
2945:
2941:
2937:
2932:
2930:
2926:
2922:
2917:
2915:
2911:
2907:
2906:Grand viziers
2903:
2895:
2891:
2887:
2883:
2877:
2872:
2867:
2859:
2857:
2855:
2851:
2845:
2837:
2835:
2833:
2828:
2824:
2820:
2815:
2813:
2809:
2805:
2799:
2797:
2794:in 1687, the
2793:
2790:: the second
2789:
2785:
2781:
2777:
2773:
2768:
2761:
2756:
2751:
2743:
2741:
2739:
2735:
2731:
2727:
2726:victory title
2723:
2719:
2716:(the "Little
2715:
2711:
2707:
2703:
2699:
2695:
2687:
2682:
2678:
2676:
2672:
2668:
2664:
2660:
2656:
2652:
2648:
2644:
2640:
2636:
2627:
2622:
2618:
2616:
2612:
2608:
2604:
2599:
2590:
2587:Nafplion, or
2585:
2578:
2576:
2573:
2569:
2565:
2561:
2557:
2549:
2547:
2545:
2541:
2537:
2533:
2529:
2524:
2522:
2518:
2513:
2511:
2507:
2503:
2499:
2495:
2491:
2487:
2483:
2479:
2475:
2471:
2465:
2457:
2452:
2450:
2448:
2444:
2439:
2437:
2433:
2429:
2425:
2421:
2417:
2409:
2407:
2405:
2401:
2397:
2393:
2390:
2386:
2383:
2379:
2375:
2371:
2367:
2363:
2359:
2355:
2351:
2348:(present-day
2347:
2343:
2335:
2331:
2326:
2322:
2318:
2310:
2308:
2306:
2302:
2298:
2294:
2290:
2286:
2282:
2278:
2274:
2270:
2265:
2263:
2259:
2255:
2251:
2246:
2244:
2240:
2236:
2232:
2228:
2224:
2220:
2216:
2211:
2209:
2205:
2201:
2197:
2189:
2187:
2185:
2181:
2177:
2173:
2169:
2165:
2161:
2157:
2153:
2149:
2144:
2142:
2141:John Sobieski
2138:
2134:
2130:
2126:
2122:
2118:
2114:
2106:
2104:
2100:
2098:
2094:
2089:
2087:
2083:
2079:
2078:
2073:
2069:
2065:
2061:
2057:
2052:
2050:
2046:
2041:
2039:
2035:
2031:
2027:
2023:
2019:
2015:
2011:
2007:
2003:
1999:
1995:
1991:
1987:
1983:
1979:
1975:
1971:
1944:
1922:
1917:
1897:
1874:
1862:
1857:
1851:
1848:
1846:
1843:
1841:
1838:
1836:
1833:
1831:
1828:
1826:
1823:
1821:
1818:
1816:
1813:
1811:
1808:
1806:
1803:
1801:
1798:
1796:
1793:
1791:
1788:
1787:
1784:
1779:
1769:
1764:
1762:
1757:
1755:
1750:
1749:
1746:
1734:
1731:
1728:
1724:
1721:
1719:
1716:
1714:
1711:
1709:
1706:
1704:
1701:
1699:
1696:
1694:
1691:
1689:
1686:
1684:
1681:
1679:
1676:
1674:
1671:
1668:
1666:
1663:
1661:
1658:
1656:
1653:
1651:
1648:
1646:
1643:
1641:
1638:
1636:
1633:
1632:
1629:
1624:
1614:
1609:
1607:
1602:
1600:
1595:
1594:
1591:
1578:
1575:
1572:
1569:
1566:
1563:
1560:
1557:
1554:
1551:
1548:
1545:
1542:
1539:
1536:
1533:
1530:
1527:
1524:
1521:
1518:
1515:
1512:
1509:
1506:
1503:
1500:
1497:
1494:
1491:
1488:
1485:
1482:
1479:
1476:
1473:
1470:
1467:
1464:
1461:
1458:
1455:
1452:
1449:
1446:
1443:
1440:
1437:
1434:
1431:
1428:
1425:
1422:
1419:
1416:
1413:
1410:
1407:
1404:
1401:
1398:
1395:
1392:
1389:
1386:
1383:
1380:
1377:
1374:
1371:
1368:
1365:
1362:
1359:
1356:
1353:
1350:
1347:
1344:
1341:
1338:
1335:
1332:
1329:
1326:
1323:
1320:
1317:
1314:
1311:
1308:
1305:
1302:
1299:
1296:
1293:
1290:
1287:
1284:
1281:
1278:
1275:
1272:
1269:
1266:
1263:
1262:
1261:
1260:
1259:Mediterranean
1253:
1250:
1247:
1244:
1241:
1238:
1235:
1232:
1229:
1226:
1223:
1220:
1217:
1214:
1211:
1208:
1205:
1202:
1200:
1196:
1192:
1188:
1185:
1182:
1179:
1176:
1173:
1170:
1167:
1164:
1161:
1158:
1155:
1152:
1149:
1148:
1147:
1142:
1137:
1127:
1122:
1120:
1115:
1113:
1108:
1107:
1104:
1090:
1085:
1082:
1080:
1077:
1075:
1072:
1070:
1067:
1065:
1062:
1060:
1057:
1055:
1052:
1050:
1047:
1043:
1038:
1035:
1033:
1030:
1028:
1025:
1023:
1020:
1016:
1012:
1007:
1004:
1002:
999:
997:
994:
993:
989:
988:
985:
982:
980:
977:
975:
972:
970:
969:
965:
963:
960:
958:
955:
953:
950:
948:
945:
943:
940:
938:
935:
933:
930:
928:
925:
923:
920:
918:
915:
913:
910:
908:
905:
903:
900:
898:
895:
893:
890:
888:
885:
883:
880:
878:
875:
873:
870:
868:
865:
863:
860:
858:
855:
853:
850:
848:
845:
843:
840:
838:
835:
833:
830:
828:
825:
823:
820:
818:
815:
813:
810:
808:
805:
803:
800:
798:
795:
794:
790:
789:
786:
783:
781:
778:
776:
773:
771:
768:
766:
763:
761:
758:
756:
753:
751:
748:
746:
745:2nd Esztergom
743:
741:
738:
736:
733:
731:
728:
726:
723:
721:
720:1st Esztergom
718:
716:
713:
711:
708:
707:
703:
702:
699:
694:
684:
679:
677:
672:
670:
665:
664:
661:
651:
647:
644:
643:
638:
632:
627:
622:
613:
604:
599:
598:
593:
590:
585:
579:
578:Hüseyin Pasha
574:
568:
566:
560:
555:
549:
547:
541:
540:Köprülü Pasha
536:
529:
524:
519:
513:
508:
501:
496:
495:Mustafa Pasha
491:
485:
480:
474:
469:
463:
458:
452:
447:
442:
440:
435:
429:
424:
418:
416:
410:
405:
399:
394:
388:
383:
377:
372:
366:
361:
355:
350:
344:
339:
333:
328:
322:
317:
311:
306:
300:
295:
289:
284:
278:
273:
268:
267:
262:
259:
254:
249:
246:
241:
235:
230:
224:
219:
213:
208:
202:
197:
190:
189:
185:
184:
179:
169:
165:
161:
159:
155:
153:
149:
148:
147:
144:
139:
138:
134:
131:
130:
123:
120:
118:
115:
113:
110:
109:
106:
103:
102:
97:
93:
90:
87:
86:
82:
79:
75:
71:
70:Siege of Buda
67:
61:
56:
53:
49:
45:
40:
35:
30:
19:
3908:
3889:
3880:
3871:
3861:
3852:
3839:
3818:
3813:
3805:
3801:
3787:Jan Sobieski
3786:
3770:
3765:
3750:
3723:
3718:
3699:
3691:
3686:
3678:
3673:
3664:
3655:
3643:. Retrieved
3639:
3630:
3614:
3602:
3590:
3578:
3566:
3554:
3542:
3530:
3518:
3506:
3494:
3482:
3462:
3455:
3435:
3428:
3400:
3393:
3365:
3358:
3350:
3335:
3328:
3319:
3312:, retrieved
3305:the original
3296:
3270:
3265:
3257:
3252:
3240:
3228:
3205:
3199:
3190:
3184:
3172:
3121:
3077:
3069:
3064:Lipka Tatars
3057:
3037:
3025:George Ducas
3017:
3009:
2981:
2933:
2918:
2914:Great Plague
2898:
2885:
2847:
2816:
2800:
2769:
2765:
2729:
2691:
2631:
2594:
2588:
2553:
2536:Papal States
2525:
2514:
2467:
2440:
2413:
2391:
2384:
2339:
2285:Transylvania
2266:
2247:
2239:Buda in 1686
2212:
2193:
2176:King Michael
2145:
2110:
2101:
2090:
2082:Philippsburg
2075:
2053:
2042:
1981:
1969:
1967:
1579: (1616)
1573: (1616)
1567: (1614)
1561: (1613)
1555: (1605)
1549: (1599)
1543: (1586)
1537: (1575)
1531: (1574)
1525: (1573)
1519: (1572)
1513: (1571)
1507: (1570)
1501: (1569)
1495: (1565)
1489: (1564)
1483: (1563)
1477: (1563)
1471: (1563)
1465: (1560)
1459: (1558)
1453: (1558)
1447: (1556)
1441: (1555)
1435: (1554)
1423: (1552)
1417: (1551)
1411: (1551)
1405: (1550)
1399: (1550)
1393: (1547)
1387: (1544)
1381: (1544)
1375: (1543)
1369: (1543)
1363: (1541)
1357: (1540)
1351: (1540)
1345: (1539)
1339: (1538)
1333: (1535)
1327: (1535)
1321: (1534)
1309: (1531)
1303: (1529)
1297: (1529)
1291: (1519)
1285: (1518)
1279: (1516)
1273: (1501)
1267: (1500)
1258:
1257:
1233:
1212: (1578)
1206: (1577)
1177: (1529)
1171: (1529)
1153: (1526)
1145:
966:
927:Petrovaradin
922:3rd Belgrade
912:2nd Belgrade
852:1st Belgrade
690:
564:
559:Mehmed Pasha
545:
414:
186:
181:Belligerents
145:
92:14 July 1683
42:Part of the
29:
3789:, Xlibris,
3607:Finlay 1877
3595:Finlay 1877
3571:Finlay 1877
3559:Finlay 1877
3547:Finlay 1877
3535:Finlay 1877
3511:Finlay 1877
3499:Finlay 1877
3487:Finlay 1877
3314:21 December
3245:Wilson 2016
3233:Wilson 1998
3191:Wiedeń 1683
3177:Wilson 2016
3090:in saying "
2772:Holy League
2718:Dardanelles
2517:Holy League
2215:Holy League
1998:Holy League
1361:4th Algiers
1343:Castelnuovo
1295:3rd Algiers
1289:2nd Algiers
1277:1st Algiers
1199:(1565–1568)
1195:(1551–1562)
1191:(1540–1547)
1187:(1529–1533)
1087: [
1040: [
1009: [
942:Zeytinburnu
802:Santa Maura
462:Suleiman II
188:Holy League
140:Territorial
3931:Categories
3165:References
3128:Tisa River
3100:Conclusion
3040:Kahlenberg
2738:Monemvasia
2538:, and the
2476:after the
2464:Morean War
2458:Morean War
2334:Mustafa II
2315:See also:
2111:Following
1559:Cape Corvo
1301:Formentera
1265:Cephalonia
1006:Studenitsa
984:Samothrace
862:Kostajnica
857:Negroponte
807:Vrtijeljka
797:Virovitica
750:Érsekújvár
484:Mustafa II
166:and inner
3909:The Serbs
3385:269329200
2968:Leopold I
2956:Louis XIV
2948:Franconia
2902:the first
2722:Nafpaktos
2710:Antirrion
2564:Acarnania
2490:Negropont
2443:Karlsruhe
2389:Borosjenő
2307:of 1718.
2148:Mehmed IV
2117:rebellion
2049:Louis XIV
1850:1916–1917
1845:1914–1918
1800:1686–1700
1733:1683–1699
1723:1672–1676
1718:1666–1671
1713:1633–1634
1708:1620–1621
1703:1615–1616
1683:1593–1606
1665:1502–1510
1660:1485–1503
1655:1443–1444
1650:1437-1442
1645:1415–1419
1640:1389–1396
1635:1375–1377
1541:Lanzarote
1529:5th Tunis
1523:4th Tunis
1499:3rd Tunis
1451:Balearics
1325:2nd Tunis
1319:1st Tunis
1307:Cherchell
1271:Balearics
1037:Novoselka
937:Oinousses
917:Slankamen
780:Szigetvár
451:Mehmed IV
277:Leopold I
3906:(2004).
3850:(1877).
3708:Archived
3665:Jasinski
3420:61822490
3142:See also
2808:Kamenets
2804:Moldavia
2700:and the
2667:Palamidi
2663:Nafplion
2615:Messenia
2607:Kalamata
2510:Kalamata
2432:Pristina
2354:Slavonia
2301:Dalmatia
2289:Slavonia
2229:and the
2190:Overview
2129:Cossacks
2064:Belgrade
2028:and the
1996:and the
1553:Hammamet
1535:Cadaqués
1517:Navarino
1505:2nd Gozo
1409:1st Gozo
1349:Girolata
1216:Long War
1084:Martynów
1079:Podhajce
1064:Ustechko
1032:Kamenets
1022:Moldavia
996:Chițcani
979:Sarajevo
897:Mytilene
867:Batočina
847:Derventa
822:Navarino
817:Kalamata
760:2nd Buda
735:1st Buda
725:Visegrád
595:Strength
473:Ahmed II
168:Dalmatia
104:Location
50:and the
3828:Sources
3645:9 March
3640:abtk.hu
3013:Hussars
2992:ravelin
2988:bastion
2984:sappers
2940:Bavaria
2892:– king
2832:Podolia
2694:Hanover
2671:Corinth
2655:Methoni
2651:Tripoli
2635:Tuscany
2628:in 1684
2626:Preveza
2572:Vonitsa
2568:Preveza
2560:Lefkada
2502:Maniots
2436:Prizren
2420:Balkans
2358:Croatia
2350:Hungary
2297:Podolia
2293:Croatia
2281:Hungary
2160:Podolia
2146:Sultan
2034:Balkans
2026:Hungary
1986:Turkish
1840:1877–78
1835:1853–56
1830:1828–29
1825:1806–12
1820:1787–92
1815:1768–74
1810:1735–39
1805:1710–11
1795:1676–81
1790:1568–70
1511:Lepanto
1481:Granada
1427:Corsica
1415:Tripoli
1397:Cullera
1355:Alborán
1337:Preveza
1283:Tlemcen
1169:Hungary
1049:Zernest
1027:Crimean
907:2nd Niš
892:Kačanik
872:1st Niš
832:Nauplia
791:Balkans
785:Kanizsa
740:Eperjes
715:Párkány
635:150,000
625:200,000
565:†
546:†
415:†
365:Peter I
152:Podolia
142:changes
122:Balkans
3916:
3793:
3773:. 2011
3757:
3730:
3470:
3443:
3418:
3408:
3383:
3373:
3343:
3046:Battle
2952:Swabia
2950:, and
2825:named
2823:hetman
2770:A new
2734:Mystra
2698:Patras
2675:Achaea
2603:Koroni
2544:Saxony
2534:, the
2530:, the
2486:Euboea
2482:Cyprus
2424:Kosovo
2410:Kosovo
2404:Danube
2370:Serbia
2323:, and
2311:Serbia
2235:Russia
2213:A new
2166:, the
2164:Warsaw
2119:, the
2016:, and
2014:Russia
2010:Venice
1974:German
1961:
1957:
1955:
1951:
1949:
1941:
1939:
1935:
1933:
1929:
1927:
1908:
1904:
1902:
1894:
1892:
1888:
1886:
1882:
1880:
1463:Djerba
1439:Béjaïa
1403:Mahdia
1385:Naples
1379:Lipari
1210:Bicske
1197:
1193:
1189:
1183:
1175:Vienna
1151:Mohács
1054:Oradea
957:Olasch
947:Andros
902:Kanina
882:Skopje
837:Patras
770:Mohács
710:Vienna
616:27,000
607:88,100
561:
542:
525:
497:
411:
132:Result
76:, the
72:, the
68:, the
46:, the
3838:[
3636:"Map"
3308:(PDF)
3293:(PDF)
3124:Zenta
2944:Baden
2936:Tulln
2659:Argos
2643:Pylos
2506:Morea
2382:Lippa
2378:Gyula
2366:Banat
2362:Bačka
1565:Malta
1547:Chios
1493:Malta
1433:Viste
1421:Ponza
1331:Mahón
1313:Coron
1091:]
1074:Lugos
1059:Hodów
1044:]
1017:]
974:Zenta
962:Bihać
952:Cenei
932:Chios
877:Vidin
827:Modon
812:Coron
755:Kassa
164:Morea
3914:ISBN
3791:ISBN
3755:ISBN
3728:ISBN
3647:2024
3621:and
3468:ISBN
3441:ISBN
3416:OCLC
3406:ISBN
3381:OCLC
3371:ISBN
3341:ISBN
3316:2011
3108:and
2788:Buda
2758:The
2706:Rion
2702:fort
2661:and
2570:and
2484:and
2468:The
2402:and
2400:Sava
2387:and
2364:and
2287:and
2262:Azov
2256:and
2168:Sejm
1968:The
1698:1612
1693:1607
1688:1595
1678:1561
1673:1526
1669:1524
1445:Oran
1367:Nice
1204:Győr
1001:Reni
887:Štip
765:Pécs
158:Azov
88:Date
2888:by
2704:of
2601:of
2115:'s
730:Vác
3933::
3778:^
3738:^
3663:.
3638:.
3414:.
3379:.
3349:,
3318:,
3295:,
3278:^
3214:^
3027:,
2954:.
2946:,
2942:,
2653:.
2380:,
2360:,
2352:,
2319:,
2283:,
2264:.
2186:.
2143:.
2040:.
2012:,
2008:,
2004:,
1988::
1976::
1089:pl
1042:uk
1015:uk
1013:;
1011:ru
94:–
3922:.
3885:.
3875:.
3667:.
3649:.
3476:.
3449:.
3422:.
3387:.
2900:(
2728:"
2488:(
1984:(
1972:(
1923:.
1767:e
1760:t
1753:v
1729:)
1725:(
1612:e
1605:t
1598:v
1125:e
1118:t
1111:v
682:e
675:t
668:v
191::
170:.
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
