941:(1919), a Warsangeli seafarer himself, describes a judgment issued by the Sultan and in compliance with a decision by the royal court. The sultan ordered a boat-making project as a redress to an incident at the port. To maintain the region’s trade ties with the Arabian peninsula, the Sultan ruled that preserving its integrity as a place where traders have guarantees for the value and protection of their merchandise was important. Murrayat’s travels (1848) in the interior of the Warsangeli Country shows a similar observation. Murrayat observed a widespread practice of good moral precepts in safeguarding the rights of private property and in deference to the law of the land. During his stay, not an article of his belongings was stolen. He states, “In this land, to call a man a thief is a deadly insult only to be washed by blood alone.”
903:
Sultan) accountable” if his safety were compromised. Lidwien and
Spaulding (2002) described two documents that signify how the Sultanate administered its affairs and guarded its independence. Lidwien and Spaulding mention a laissez-passer document issued by Sultan Mohamed to a French physician, Gerges Revoil, on 12 December 1889. The laissez-passer instructs the French to observe the protocol of entering the country. Any foreign visitor or dignitary would enter the Warsangeli country via its sea port of Las Qoray. However, given the traveler’s unfamiliarity with the established rules and customs of the land, the sultan allowed the French to enter by land through Bandar Mura’aya.
920:“On the left was the Somali tribe of Harti, from the people of Mait (Sanaag); a people not given to yielding. There were three hundred (300) of them, famous among the infantry as stolid as swordsmen.....One of the Arabs called Hamzah al-Jufi engaged in a battle to the death in front of the Imam of the Muslims. He was one of the footsoldiers and stood his ground and stood the test, confronting war with a full heart. He never struck one infidel whom he did not unhorse, dead. He killed so vast a number of them in the middle of the river, that the river water was turned red by the blood. The whole tribe of Harti was like him" (Sihab ad Din, p. 78).
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and king
Kabarego of Bunyoro (Uganda), and a former Prime Minister of Egypt, Sa'ad Zaghlul Pasha, as well as other luminaries of leaders in the wars of African resistance to the British colonialism were also there as exiles. He was the descendent of a six-hundred-year-old tradition (please see ‘What led to the discovery of the Nile’ by John Hanning Speke). In the 1940 and 50s, the Warsangeli leadership formed the United Somali Party (USP) following a three month convention chaired by the Sultan himself following his return from exile. The USP was instrumental in Somalia’s long and painful road to freedom and independence from colonial powers.
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The Warsangali
Sultanate has a history of civilization, characterized by a defined population and territory, along with an organized political structure. The Warsangeli inhabit a territory extending to the west of Erigavo from Bosaso (Bari region), straddling from the shore of Laaso Suurad,
911:
Gerad Ali Gerad
Mohamoud (Ali Dable) was the 13th Sultan of the Warsangali Sultanate, reigning from 1491 to 1503. He earned the nickname Ali Dable; the word “Dable” in the Somali language means "the one armed with fire." After returning from an exile in Yemen, Sultan Ali brought a shipload
944:
Until 1920, the sultanate had maintained its independence after its sultan, Mohamoud Ali Shire, was exiled into the islands of
Seychelles. The sultan was fiercely independent and detested foreign presence in his country. A newspaper as cited by Seychelles Nation, states, “His independent
948:
The Sultan was described as a sovereign ruler of immense influence and a man of mercurial image by the historian I.M. Lewis. He was the 24th sultan in a long line of Gerads (a Somali royal court). In 1920, the sultan was exiled along with the two
African Kings, King Prempeh of Ashanti (Ghana)
965:
The structures of the clans and sub clans are not clearly agreed upon. The divisions and subdivisions as they are presented here are condensed and incomplete. Numerous lineages are absent. See the
African Royal family groups for a comparison of several perspectives on clan-lineage formations. Here
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placed a value on maintaining diplomatic ties with rulers in Europe and South Arabia, as evidenced by archival files in Arabic text containing such correspondence. John
Hanning Speke wrote that when he visited the Warsangeli country in 1855, “the United Kingdom would hold the Sultan Mohamed (21st
929:
Today, the influence of
Sultans and other traditional leaders has waned with the advent of independence and the establishment of a central government in Somalia that exercises national sovereignty. However, the longest surviving Muslim sultanate ever established in the Somali peninsula is the
56:
916:. In 1540, the sultan sent a contingent of 300 troops to Abyssinia to participate in the conquest. The Arab chronicler, Sihab ad-Din, who was an eyewitness in many of the battles to conquer Abyssinia, compares the 300 Harti army to an Arab knight whose name was Hamzah al-Jufi:
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of small guns and cannon fire along with him. Sultan Ali Dable first managed to invade the
Dhulbahante territory and allied himself with Dhulbahante rebels to defeat the Gerad of Dhulbahante's troops in the Battle of
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policy, strength and indifference to the powers surrounding him, including the British has vexed London and led to his arrest and deportation to Seychelles.
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934:(“Ras Surad”), and bordered in the North by the Gulf of Aden to the plateaus of Sool Haud (a land mass the size of Sool and Awdal regions combined).
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An article titled "Seychellois Rekindle Ties with Sultan of Somaliland," which was featured in one of the newspapers of the Republic of
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1179:(1926-1993): known as Qablan, former Under-Secretary of Finance and former Minister of National Planning (1967-1969)
1173:(1897–1960): sultan of the Warsangeli; was exiled into Seychelles islands in 1920 for 7 years by the British Empire
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was the seventh largest of the dozen Darawiish administrative divisions, and was half Warsangeli, half Dhulbahante.
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The Sultanate produced seafarers who made their mark in the field of social science. Ibrahim Isma’il’s book,
1228:: former Minister of Justice, former commander of the Somali National Army of Somalia and the President of
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was a second-smallest segment of the 13 Darawiish administrative divisions, and was half Warsangeli, half
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was the smallest of the 13 Darawiish administrative divisions, and was exclusively composed of Warsangeli.
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A Pastoral Democracy: A Study of Pastoralism and Politics Among the Northern Somali of the Horn of Africa
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1357:"Refworld | Somalia: Update to SOM23731.E of 24 April 1996 on the situation of the Warsangeli (Darod)"
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Sultan of the Warsangali since 1905, he displayed much capacity for duplicity and double dealing .
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1691:"Resource conflict and militant Islamism in the Golis Mountains in northern Somalia (2006–2013)"
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Taariikhdii daraawiishta iyo Sayid Maxamad Cabdille Xasan, Jaamac Cumar Ciise · 2005 - PAGE 173
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1259:: Chairman of International Somalia Development Foundation, CEO of Maakhir Resource Company
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816:, the name Warsangali means "bringer of good news." The Warsangali primarily inhabit the
1488:. From retinue to regiment series--warfare c. 1453-1618. Warwick: Helion & Company.
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Portrait of Mohamoud Ali Shire, the 20th Sultan of the Somali Sultanate of Warsangali.
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Warsangali Sultanate. It has been in existence for the last six hundred years.
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1652:"Atrocious Misery: The African Origins of Famine in Northern Somalia, 1839-1884"
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University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign. Edinburgh : W. & K. Johnston.
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Cabinet atlas of the actual geography of the world, with a complete index ...
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1756:"Spatial Appropriations in Modern Empires, 1820-1960: Beyond Dispossession"
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1244:: singer, songwriter, composer, instrumentalist; also known as King of Oud
836:
showing distribution of the Warsangali tribe in the north eastern Somalia
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1780:"Somalia: Kuwaiti Company to construct Airport, University in Puntland"
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1721:"Sultan of Warsangeli sultanate, Somalia - THE AFRICAN ROYAL FAMILIES"
1250:(2016-): Minister of Planning, Investment and Economic Development of
1536:"Kingdom of Warsangali (1218-1886AD) | African History | ThinkAfrica"
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Memoir on the Western or Edoor Tribes, inhabiting the Somali Coast...
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1394:"Somalia Maps - Perry-Castañeda Map Collection - UT Library Online"
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was a proto-state during the 2000s chiefly inhabited by Warsangeli.
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Geoffrey Archer's 1916 important members of Darawiish haroun list
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Traditional territory inhabited by the various Somali clans shown
1213:(2014–2015): former speaker of Puntland House of Representatives
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This article is about the Somali clan. For the Sultanate, see
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1510:"Sultan of Warsangeli, Somalia - THE AFRICAN ROYAL FAMILIES"
1485:
The Ethiopian-Adal War, 1529-1543: the conquest of Abyssinia
1383:, London: Royal Geographical Society. Vol. 18, pp. 137-138.
851:
In 1848, C. J. Cruttenden reported that the Warsangali and
1238:: first Somali MP and later the Interior Minister of Kenya
1754:
Guignard, Didier; Seri-Hersch, Iris (18 September 2019).
1161:: first Garaad of the Warsangali in the late 13th century
855:
territories were the most commercially valuable in the
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clan, one of the largest Somali tribe-families. In the
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are Warsangeli clans with Big 5 highlighted in black
1191:: first Somali and Muslim State Senator in Minnesota
2067:
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1414:
Seychellois rekindle ties with Sultan of Somaliland
1302:. Minority Rights Group International. 19 June 2015
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1133:, first representative of Las Qorey for USP party
1355:Refugees, United Nations High Commissioner for.
863:from India had become successful exporters. The
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1197:: founder of the Horn relief now known as ADESO
1782:. Garowe Online. 14 April 2014. Archived from
1603:The Warrior Mullah: The Horn Aflame, 1892-1920
1139:, first representative of Jidali for USP party
1834:
761:
8:
1560:"Our Migration Story: The Making of Britain"
1300:"Somalia: Minorities and indigenous peoples"
961:The full clan Tree of Warsnageli Harti Darod
800:), alternatively the Mohamoud Harti, are a
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2042:
1991:
1940:
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1827:
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1439:Carnegie Endowment for International Peace
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1286:Journal of the Royal Geographical Society
1435:"What Is Happening in the Indian Ocean?"
1327:. James Currey Publishers. p. 12.
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871:(the capital of the Bari region) and
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1185:(1937-1991): respected Somali author
1695:Review of African Political Economy
797:
1583:Johnston, Alexander Keith (1882).
939:An Early Autobiography of a Somali
25:
1459:"Competition in the Indian Ocean"
1167:: second sultan of the Warsangali
1152:Ismail Kharras: mentioned in the
1149:subdivisions, named after himself
137:Abdirahman bin Isma'il al-Jabarti
1925:
1423:Virtual Seychelles. 10 Oct 2005.
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1631:"Saldanada Maakhir | allsanaag"
1689:Hoehne, Markus Virgil (2014).
1656:The American Historical Review
1534:Team, Editorial (2018-12-06).
1145:: commander of one of the two
1:
1902:Trust Territory of Somaliland
1252:Federal Government of Somalia
844:Ruins in the coastal town of
808:branch, which belongs to the
1564:www.ourmigrationstory.org.uk
1463:Council on Foreign Relations
1076:Reer Yusuf of Garad Mohamoud
1725:theafricanroyalfamilies.com
1514:theafricanroyalfamilies.com
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1650:Durrill, Wayne K. (1986).
1203:(2006-2009): President of
29:
2135:
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1994:
1943:
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1482:Shaw, Jeffrey M. (2021).
1379:Cruttenden, C.J. (1848).
907:The Conquest of Abyssinia
53:
46:
1177:Abdillahi Mohammed Ahmed
1600:Beachey, R. W. (1990).
1005:Aamir Of Garad Mohamoud
1321:Lewis, Ioan M (1999).
1289:, 19 (1849), pp. 72-73
1183:Farah Mohamed Jama Awl
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1882:Majeerteen Sultanate
1814:Warsangali genealogy
1809:Warsangeli Sultanate
1433:Baruah, Darshana M.
1248:Gamal Mohamed Hassan
1242:Ahmed Ismail Hussein
1226:Abdullahi Ahmed Jama
1137:Mohamud Caddaanweyne
1073:Reer Yaasuf of Omar
900:Warsangali Sultanate
32:Warsangali Sultanate
1381:"On Eastern Africa"
1279:Cruttenden, C. J. "
1217:Mohamed Nuur Giriig
1021:Garad Liban (Tuure)
694:Shiikhall Gendershe
1897:Italian Somaliland
1419:2007-09-27 at the
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19:
2182:Somali clans
2091:Demographics
1999:Constitution
1867:Land of Punt
1790:29 September
1788:. Retrieved
1784:the original
1774:
1749:
1740:
1729:. Retrieved
1727:. 2023-05-22
1724:
1715:
1698:
1694:
1684:
1659:
1655:
1645:
1634:. Retrieved
1625:
1617:
1602:
1595:
1585:
1578:
1567:. Retrieved
1563:
1554:
1543:. Retrieved
1540:Think Africa
1539:
1529:
1518:. Retrieved
1516:. 2022-06-02
1513:
1504:
1484:
1477:
1466:. Retrieved
1462:
1453:
1442:. Retrieved
1438:
1428:
1409:
1397:. Retrieved
1388:
1375:
1364:. Retrieved
1360:
1350:
1340:18 September
1338:. Retrieved
1323:
1316:
1306:22 September
1304:. Retrieved
1294:
1284:
1257:Faisal Hawar
1221:Somali music
1064:Reer Mohamed
1053:
1042:
1016:
1008:
971:Aadan Siciid
970:
964:
947:
943:
938:
936:
932:
928:
919:
910:
897:
885:
850:
781:
779:
293:
217:Somali clans
143:Parent tribe
1106:Dhulbahante
1096:Shacni-cali
1082:Waqadsiinye
1067:Reer Saalah
1061:Reer Faatax
1054:Reer Garaad
993:Husein Iise
537:Habar Gidir
380:Musa Abokor
267:Dhulbahante
27:Somali clan
2171:Categories
2106:Literature
2019:Parliament
1731:2023-06-03
1636:2023-02-01
1606:. Bellew.
1569:2023-02-01
1545:2023-02-01
1520:2023-02-01
1468:2023-02-01
1444:2023-02-01
1366:2021-06-17
1264:References
1232:of Somalia
1207:of Somalia
1189:Omar Fateh
1070:Reer Haaji
1047:Ogayslabe
1043:Nuux Cumar
1033:Oday Mooge
999:Bah Yabare
981:Ahmed Omar
975:Adan Yaqub
888:Seychelles
873:Ceerigaabo
853:Majeerteen
846:Las Khorey
790:Warsangeli
782:Warsangali
709:Shukureere
679:Reer Manyo
437:Gadabuursi
370:Habr Je'lo
358:Habr Yunis
341:Sa'ad Musa
294:Warsangali
40:Warsangali
18:Warsangeli
2101:Languages
2024:President
2004:Elections
1968:Ras Hafun
1936:Geography
1912:Civil War
1907:Rebellion
1707:0305-6244
1676:0002-8762
1058:Reer Omar
1050:Raage Ali
1027:Gobyawuud
1013:Colmarabe
1009:Cawramale
990:Bah Isaaq
865:Cal Madow
719:Fasahaale
689:Gaameedle
671:Sheekhaal
666:Shanshiyo
661:Reer Faqi
602:Rahanweyn
557:Sheikhaal
522:Gaalje'el
397:Tol Je'lo
346:Issa Musa
336:Habr Awal
289:Dishiishe
66:Ethnicity
2151:Category
2123:Religion
2116:diaspora
2014:Military
1987:Politics
1850:Puntland
1417:Archived
1361:Refworld
1079:Riighaye
1024:Garwayne
824:Overview
729:Ba Fadal
644:Benadiri
579:Muhammed
527:Badi Ade
503:Murusade
476:Quranyow
363:Eidagale
353:Garhajis
306:Awrtable
301:Lailkase
272:Majerten
253:Abaskuul
209:a series
207:Part of
181:Religion
153:Language
83:Location
2142:Outline
2086:Cuisine
2069:Culture
2055:Economy
2038:Economy
1958:Regions
1859:History
1118:Maakhir
1085:Warlabe
1039:Muhumud
1030:Hinjiye
953:Lineage
925:History
914:Garadag
861:Banians
834:Somalia
832:Map of
798:ورسنجلي
699:Duruqbo
675:'Amuudi
651:Asharaf
631:Mirifle
569:Hawadle
562:Udejeen
552:Wa'daan
547:Duduble
517:Degoodi
498:Karanle
464:Gaadsen
427:Gurgura
422:Bursuuk
392:Cimraan
387:Sanbuur
233:Marehan
94:Somalia
42:ورسنجلي
2156:Portal
2111:People
2081:Anthem
1762:
1705:
1674:
1610:
1492:
1331:
1090:Groups
1017:Dubeys
869:Bosaso
857:Nugaal
818:Sanaag
794:Arabic
786:Somali
714:Juunji
656:Haatim
614:Geledi
589:Silcis
584:Murule
574:Ajuran
542:Abgaal
532:Hiraab
491:Hawiye
459:Bimaal
452:Qubeys
417:Akisho
248:Jidwaq
243:Ogaden
238:Absame
175:Arabic
164:Somali
77:Somali
2177:Darod
1872:Opone
810:Darod
806:Harti
684:Biido
624:Garre
619:Tunni
609:Digil
508:Sabti
471:Garre
447:Surre
432:Gurre
319:Isaaq
262:Harti
226:Darod
188:Islam
185:Sunni
147:Harti
105:Yemen
2096:Flag
1877:Damo
1792:2014
1760:ISBN
1703:ISSN
1672:ISSN
1608:ISBN
1490:ISBN
1401:2019
1342:2019
1329:ISBN
1308:2018
898:The
780:The
442:Issa
331:Ayub
326:Arap
116:Oman
2050:Oil
1664:doi
1283:",
410:Dir
127:UAE
2173::
1758:.
1723:.
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1359:.
1272:^
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211:on
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1310:.
1108:.
784:(
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