Warsaw Uprising (1794)

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three columns, did not coordinate their manoeuvres, allowing the Poles to deal with them separately. The first column under Tishchev approached the Arsenal at 15:00 from Miodowa Street. Although one of the building's turrets exploded, the Poles repelled the assault within half an hour, before the Russians had gathered reinforcements. The second Russian column approached the Arsenal through the Krasiński Gardens, but was stopped by massed fire from several cannon concealed in the bushes. The third Russian battalion, commanded by Tishchev personally, approached the Arsenal from the west, along Leszno Street, where it was stopped by the Royal Guard. After a fierce fight, Tishchev died soon after a cannonball ripped his leg off, and the remainder of his force surrendered to the Poles.

850: 974:, though victorious, found themselves under crossfire and surrounded. In addition, a small yet loud militia force under Jan Kiliński appeared on their rear and all of the Polish units in the area assaulted the Russians from all directions, which resulted in almost complete destruction of the Russian units. General Miłaszewicz was wounded trying to retreat with the remnants of his force towards the Kazimierz Palace, while Prince Gagarin retreated with some cavalrymen towards the Saxon Garden, where they were ambushed by civilians who killed almost all of them. The 10th Regiment then reformed around noon and moved towards the Castle Square, where it took part in the fights against smaller Russian forces in the Old Town. 888:, but destroyed the Polish unit and successfully reorganise and rally. The chaos in the Russian ranks could not be eliminated as Igelström's headquarters had been cut out from the rest of the city and he could not send a request for reinforcement to Russian units stationed outside the city centre and the Russian chain of command had been practically paralysed. By 07:00 the confusion was partially cleared and heavy fighting at Miodowa street turned into a regular battle in the vicinity of both the Arsenal and Igelström's headquarters, as both sides struggled to secure both buildings. Three Russian assault groups, each of them battalion strength, attacked the Arsenal from three sides: from 57: 545: 63: 1053:. 4,000 men were withdrawn from there without a shot being fired. Among the units rallied there were forces that – according to the Russian plan – were to secure the entire southern part of Warsaw, including forces under Lieutenant-Colonel Kasztoliński and von Klugen, parts of Igelström's personal guard and the remnants of the force to take part in the battle against the 10th Regiment, commanded by Major Bago. Novitskiy, after several hours of wavering, organised a relief force of 3000 men and 10 cannons, and started a march towards the city centre. The column crossed 134: 1111:. Before 16:00, Działyński's Regiment reached Senatorska Street and began a frontal assault on the palace, but was bloodily repelled by the Russian defenders. Constant fire from the windows and roofs of nearby houses prevented them from mounting a counter-attack and both sides reached a stalemate. Because of that Igelström was left with little option but to await reinforcements from the outside, which did not happen. After dark a small unit under Major Titov broke through to Igelström, but his force was not strong enough to break the stalemate. 1193: 1035: 1156:. The exact number of troops that retreated with Igelström is unknown and varies from source to source, but most estimates place it at between 300 and 400 men, with 8 cannons. As soon as Igelström's retreat was discovered, the assault on Russian positions was resumed. The remaining troops defending the embassy and covering Igelström's retreat eventually ran out of ammunition and their positions were overrun by 17:00 by the forces of the 10th Regiment under Kalinowski, aided by Kiliński's militia. Polish forces released 916:. After several hours' heavy close-quarters fighting, the Russian forces were forced to retreat to the church itself, where fighting continued. The Russian soldiers surrendered, and only a small detachment, mostly of officers, continued the fight inside the church, where most of them perished. Also the Russian battalion under Major Titov, stationed at Bonifraterska Street, had been attacked around 07:00 by the Poles. After four hours' fighting, the Russians retreated towards the city's western outskirts. 618: 983: 884:, where it was to await further orders. The small troop pledged to defend the monarch as soon as he appeared at the Castle's courtyard, but on hearing the sounds of a battle nearby, the unit left the king and joined the fighting at Miodowa Street; The Russian forces, pushed back after their initial failure at the gates of the Arsenal, withdrew towards Miodowa Street, where they amassed in front of Igelström's palace. There they were shelled by a small Polish force stationed in the gardens of the 178: 167: 901: 1384:

ransacked the arsenal and Russians were shot endlessly from all windows and roofs, those in the streets or those running out from their houses. No one could walk along the streets. The crowd snatched anyone in the Russian uniform and beat them to death. The King's troops took part in this repugnant massacre. The king himself had neither the courage to lead the uprising nor to take steps to stop it. In the end, the remnants of the Russian troops had to leave Warsaw

1124: 1082: 1008:, where a small Russian troop offered fierce resistance against the 10th Regiment until late afternoon. Nearby, a Russian force under Major Mayer, consisting of two companies, each armed with a cannon, fortified itself in the Kwieciński's Baths, where it defended itself for several hours. After repeated charges by the 10th Regiment, the Russian commander was left with no more than 80 men, with whom he retreated to the other side of the river. 190: 148: 1115:

them to storm the monastery, but fierce hand-to-hand fighting, with heavy losses on both sides, continued until late evening. In the coming night, some smaller Russian units lost cohesion and attempted to retreat on their own. Many soldiers engaged in looting, and Krasiński's Palace was among the most prominent buildings looted by the soldiers during the Uprising.

1078:, where they seized the cellars full of alcohol. The Poles continued to shell them with artillery for almost three hours, without being attacked. When a company of the 10th Regiment returning from Powiśle appeared at Królewska Street, the Russians started a disorganised retreat towards Jerusalem Avenue, leaving Igelström to his fate. 958:. Colonel Hauman started lengthy negotiations with the Russian commander asking him to allow the Polish forces to pass. The negotiations were broken and at 08:00 the Polish regiment assaulted the Russian positions. After a skirmish that ensued the Polish unit was partially dispersed and had to retreat. Parts of the unit under Major 1136:

Polish units, reinforced with the civilian volunteers, continued the repeated assaults on the building's courtyard. Although all were bloodily repelled, the Russians suffered significant losses as well, particularly by constant fire from buildings located to the other side of the street. The Russians held a small area delimited by

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held by Russians in the basement and were able to secure most of the embassy's secret archive, covering all of Russian secret operations in Poland since 1763. Among the prominent captives taken during the final fights for the embassy was Colonel Parfyeniev. Among the captured documents were the lists

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Overnight the fights in various parts of the city continued. The isolated Russian units defended themselves in houses in various parts of the city. In the early morning of 18 April, Mokronowski concentrated on the main remaining Russian stronghold in the city — the embassy at Miodowa Street. The

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At 05:00 the planned Russian assault on the Arsenal started, but was repelled by unexpected opposition from Polish forces. After the first shots, the crew of the Arsenal started giving out arms to the civilian volunteers, who quickly joined the fights. The arsenal was secured, but the Polish plan to

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As a large part of the Polish forces consisted of irregular militia or regular units in various stages of demobilisation, the exact number of the troops fighting on the Polish side is difficult to estimate. Pay rolls of the Russian garrison have been preserved, which give a fairly accurate number of

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Unable to reach the palace, the Poles assaulted the Russian positions in front of the Capuchin Church and the adjoining monastery. The Russians withdrew to the courtyard, from where the fighting spread to the entire monastery. The Poles secured the courtyard and placed a cannon there, which allowed

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Although the Russian force was more numerous than the Polish units left in the city after the Polish–Russian War of 1792, Russian soldiers were dispersed all around the city, guarding numerous warehouses or manning outposts in front of residences of their officers. In addition, their orders in case

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and took part in the fighting, but served as standard infantry as their horses had to be left on the other side of the river. Kazimierz Bartoszewicz in his monograph of the Uprising assesses that the number of townspeople serving in various irregular militia forces did not exceed 3000, and probably

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Several factors contributed to the Russian defeat and losses. Igelström had reduced the size of the garrison, sending some of units to deal with Kościuszko's main forces, and posted his remaining regiments so incompetently that they were easily cut off from each other and overwhelmed by the Polish

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and the palace. Believing further defence of his palace was futile, Igelström left only a token force of 400 men there and withdrew to the Krasiński Palace. He planned to prepare a sortie in order to break through from the city centre, but all surrounding streets were filled with Polish troops and

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on its northern edge, firing all the way. At the same time the Russian commander did not issue any orders and his column simply stopped under fire. Although much inferior in numbers, training and equipment, Drozdowski's unit was not attacked by the Russian force, as Novitskiy lost control over his

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The victory of the 10th Regiment marked a turning point in the uprising, as it broke the morale of the Russian forces. After noon the fighting in front of Igelström's headquarters, at Miodowa Street and for the Arsenal continued as both sides drew reinforcements from all parts of the city. Russian

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towards the northern gate of the Old Town. Although the Russian force broke through to the Old Town, it had lost all its guns and more than half of its men. Also repelled were repeated assaults on the Arsenal from Miodowa Street, under the command of General Tishchev. The Russians, approaching in

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marked his relation of the events with many horrific, yet counter-factual descriptions of unarmed Russian soldiers being slaughtered in an Orthodox church during the Eucharist, even though there was no Orthodox church in Warsaw at that time, the participation of Kiliński's militia was seriously

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to intercept Kościuszko and prevent him from approaching Warsaw. He also ordered increased surveillance of suspected supporters of the uprising, and imposed censorship all mail passing through Warsaw. Igelström issued orders for the arrest of those he suspected of having any connection with the

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began preparing plans for an all-out attack on the Russian forces to drive them from Warsaw, which was still in theory the capital of an independent state. Kościuszko already had supporters in Warsaw, including Tomasz Maruszewski, his envoy who was sent to Warsaw with a mission to prepare the

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On Thursday of the Holy Week in 1794 in Warsaw the conspirators attacked several Russian detachments, placed far apart from each other. This started a massacre of an unheard of scale. In one church 500 soldiers that came unarmed for Eucharist, were killed. The crowd besotted by the bloodshed

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the Polish garrison was secretly provided with volleys and artillery charges and overnight was dispatched to various parts of the city. The Russians were conscious of the preparations for the uprising and their troops were also equipped with additional ammunition. At 03:30 some 20 Polish

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garrisons on Polish soil was almost continuous. The foreign occupation forces contributed both to the economic collapse of the already-weakened state and to the growing radicalisation of the population of Warsaw. Foreign influence at the Polish court, often embodied by Russian ambassador

769:. Due to widespread corruption among Russian officers, Russian infantry battalions rarely had more than 500 men at arms instead of the nominal strength of 960. According to the Russian payroll found after the uprising in the Russian embassy and published soon after in the 429:

and others had been laying the groundwork for the uprising since early 1793. They succeeded in winning popular support: the majority of Polish units stationed in Warsaw joined the ranks of the uprising. A National Militia was formed by several thousand volunteers, led by

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was not found; his portrait was hoisted on the gallows instead. Kosciuszko quickly put an end to the lynch mob declaring, "What happened in Warsaw yesterday filled my heart with bitterness and sorrow ...Those who do not obey the laws are not worthy of liberty."

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which the Poles had been using to fire on them from behind. At the same time the palace's garden remained in Polish hands and heavy fighting spread to that area as well. In other parts of the city smaller Russian forces defended themselves in isolated

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The number of civilians in that troop was most probably no greater than 150 people, though Kiliński in his memoirs seriously overstated both the Russian and Polish numbers. In his memoirs he cites the Russian force of 4000 and the militia unit of

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The uprising was also openly commented upon in Russia. As a result of this defeat, Igelström was recalled in disgrace, although he would redeem himself in future fighting. In the 19th century the Uprising of 1794 was presented in a bad light in

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forces. From the onset of the insurrection, the Polish forces were aided by the civilian population and had surprise on their side; after the crowd captured the city arsenal, Russian soldiers found themselves under attack throughout the city.

1107:, and all were battle-hardened. As the Poles took several buildings along Senatorska Street opposite the palace and fired at the Russians from the windows, the Russians could not reorganise their ranks and hid in the palace and the nearby 56: 497:

was reduced by half, and the demobilised soldiers conscripted into the Russian and Prussian armies. This move was secretly opposed by many officers and the arms and supplies of disbanded units were stored in warehouses in Warsaw.

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In these circumstances the Poles began a counter-attack aimed at capturing Igelström's palace and the positions of the forces that he had around him. These included a battalion under Johann Jakob Pistor; a battalion drawn from

831:, the squadron charged the Russian positions and captured the guns. Soon afterwards the remainder of the Royal Horse Guard regiment left the barracks on foot and headed in two directions: towards the outer gates of the city at 896:

Street. All the Russian assaults were repelled with heavy losses on both sides and the Poles started a counter-attack towards the Russian positions at Miodowa, Senatorska, Leszno and Podwale Streets, but with little success.

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commanded by Colonel Parfyeniev; a battalion of the famed Siberian Regiment; and some cavalry under Brigadier Baur. All but Parfyeniev's men had previously been involved in the failed assaults at the Arsenal and towards the

418:, inflicted heavy losses on the surprised enemy garrison. Russian soldiers found themselves under crossfire from all sides and from buildings, and several units broke early and suffered heavy casualties in their retreat. 1270:

The National Militia of Warsaw grew to over 20,000 men at arms and constituted a large part of the Polish Army fighting against Russia. This included 1200 horsemen organised by Peter Jazwinski and 6000 under Kiliński.

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defended by the Polish units. Cichowski also undermined the Russian plan to reduce the number of soldiers serving in the Polish units, which also added to the later Polish successes. Also, a prominent

1247:, were sentenced to death by the Insurrectionary Court and were hanged in Warsaw. A few weeks later, on 28 June, an angry mob stormed the prisons and hanged other supporters of Targowica, including 1165:. This Polish victory marked the end of the uprising, with the last Russian units either routed or in retreat. The last small spots of Russian resistance were eliminated or surrendered on that day. 702:, shoemaking master Jan Kiliński, started gathering support from other townsfolk. The King remained passive, and subsequent events unfolded without any support — or opposition — from him. 642:), organizing the previously independent anti-Russian factions. The Association included among its members various high-ranking officers from the Polish forces stationed in Warsaw. Among them were 606:

suggested that the barracks of "unsafe" Polish units be surrounded and the units disarmed, and the Warsaw Arsenal captured to prevent the revolutionaries from seizing arms. At the same time bishop

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Street, consisting of no less than 600 men and 5 pieces of artillery, and commanded by General Miłaszewicz. The Russian force was strategically dislocated on both sides of the street, in both the

873:, and two others started marching along Długa Street. Their action spread the uprising to all parts of the city. Until 06:30 the regular units and the militia clashed with the Russian outposts at 537:, Russian ambassador and commander of all Russian occupation forces in Poland, with a proposal to evacuate both the Russian troops and Polish troops loyal to the King to a military encampment at 255: 1235:

and Kiliński. Mokronowski was soon removed from the council for his opposition to Kościuszko. On 27 May the council was dissolved, and power passed to Kościuszko's Supreme National Council (

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The initial clashes caused much confusion as not all forces involved had been notified of the plans of both sides. Among such units was the Royal Foot Guard unit, which broke through to

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of various Polish officials on the Russian payroll; many of them were later executed. The Polish forces also captured the treasury of the Russian ambassador, exceeding 95,000 golden

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Igelström requested permission to capitulate around 10:00, having been unable to command most of his troops during the uprising. After being granted a truce, he withdrew to the

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Losses among Polish regular forces amounted to between 800 and 1000 dead and wounded; civilian casualties and losses among various irregular militia units did not exceed 700.

3532:]. Sankt Petersburg: Izd. Vysochaĭshe uchrezhdennago Komiteta dli︠a︡ ustroĭstva prazdnovanīi︠a︡ trekhsotli︠e︡tīi︠a︡ t︠s︡arstvovanīi︠a︡ Doma Romanovykh . p. 318. 1219:. General Mokronowski repeatedly begged the King, who was at the same time his cousin, to support the uprising. The king refused and power in the city was seized by the 248: 2909:

Aleksander Grygorowicz (1999). "Nowożytna architektura cerkiewna" [Modern Orthodox Church Architecture]. In Krzysztof Leśniewski; Jadwiga Leśniewska (eds.).

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The Russian garrison of Warsaw had a nominal strength of 11,750 men, including 1500 cavalrymen, at least 1000 artillerymen with 39 guns and an unspecified number of

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overrated and no other source confirms the thesis that the Russian garrison was unarmed. The defeat in this battle is sometimes seen as one of the reasons for the

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After the Russian plan of surrounding the churches on Saturday was discovered by the Poles, it was decided that the uprising should start immediately. On

3306:Сражение отличалось большим упорством и кровопролитием. Русские солдаты, помня о резне своих товарищей в Варшаве полгода назад, пощады не давали никому. 1211:

The uprising in Warsaw marked a significant victory for the entire cause of Kościuszko, and echoes of the victory in Warsaw spread across the country.

591:. At the same time Russian forces started preparations to disarm the weak Polish garrison of Warsaw under General Stanisław Mokronowski by seizing the 865:

catch most of the Russian soldiers on the streets rather than in buildings and barracks failed. One such group armed with a cannon broke through the

1243:). On 9 May four prominent supporters of the Targowica Confederation, including Józef Ankwicz, Józef Kossakowski, hetman Piotr Ożarowski and hetman 742: 931:

to the south of the city centre, and started its march towards the Royal Castle. As an effect of the chaos in Russian ranks, the regiment reached

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Although the Russian forces had more soldiers and better equipment, the Polish regular forces and militia, armed with rifles and sabres from the

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The retreat of the Russian unit allowed the Poles to repel other assaults by Russian forces as well, including an attack by a thousand men from

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and towards the Warsaw Arsenal, where the Russian forces were preparing an assault. The crew of the Arsenal was also joined by a small troop of

722:, away from the city centre, but it was also responsible for guarding the Royal Castle and some of the strategically important buildings. The 602:

The Russian forces prepared a plan to seize the most important buildings to secure the city until reinforcements arrived from Russia. General

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Streets unopposed by Russian units stationed there, as the Russian commanders did not know what to do. It was stopped by a Russian force at

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Williams cites 2,000 dead, Kukiel 2,250. PWN Encyclopedia cites "over 4,000 soldiers lost", but this number includes both dead and wounded.

1023:. From there they tried to restore peace, but without any success. Poniatowski nominated two trusted people to take command of the troops: 1173:

During the chaotic battle the Russian force lost 2,265 men killed and around 2,000 wounded. In addition, 1926 Russian soldiers were taken

1031:, and general Stanisław Mokronowski became the commander-in-chief of the Warsaw troops, but both quickly turned to support the uprising. 3753: 3684: 1303: 650: 3670: 400: 3286:

Nikolay Alexandrovich Shefov (2002). "ВАРШАВА I (Польское восстание, 1794)" [1st battle of Warsaw – Polish uprising of 1794].

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of an armed uprising were often contradictory and did not take into account the possibility of fighting against regular Polish units.

734: 3649: 3329: 3117: 2789: 970:, outflanking the Russians. Because of that, the Russian infantry under General Miłaszewicz and a small cavalry force under Prince 762:

totalled between 1500 and 2000. Many of them were demobilised veterans of regular Polish units who followed their units to Warsaw.

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was to be reduced to 600 men, but in April 1794 could still muster some 850 soldiers. In addition, two companies of the reduced

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Andrzej Zahorski (1992). "Powstanie kościuszkowskie 1794". In Stefan Kieniewicz; Andrzej Zahorski; Władysław Zajewski (eds.).

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cavalry, but most of it was trapped inside the city. The isolated Russian forces resisted in several areas for two more days.

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retreated to the Dominican Church, where the fights continued. Other troop under Lieutenant Sypniewski broke through to the

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A popular legend has it that Gagarin perished in a fight with certain blacksmith's pupil, who killed him with an iron pole.

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Warsaw Arsenal, on the left, was the scene of heavy fighting during the Uprising, as well as 35 years later, during the

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devised a plan to defend the city against the revolutionaries, and convinced the Russians to leave the Arsenal, the

3728: 3590: 3435: 2960: 2864: 1200: 1199:, a contemporary painting by Jan Piotr Norblin. The supporters of the Targowica Confederation, responsible for the 940: 738: 458: 319: 68: 849: 754: 3398: 955: 971: 3010: 2858: 1259: 913: 565: 555:

Igelström rejected the plan and saw no need for the Russians to evacuate Warsaw. He sent a corps under General

569: 549: 171: 3264: 3086: 3056: 1108: 1069:. The Polish unit opened fire from its cannon and started gradually retreating across the square towards the 3723: 3092: 1192: 1070: 1038: 963: 772: 538: 426: 289: 1244: 777:

newspaper, the Russian garrison had 7,948 men, 1,041 horses and 34 guns. Most of them were soldiers of the

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The Polish forces included a variety of smaller units in various stages of demobilisation, among them the

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The Polish regular forces consisted of 3000 men at arms and 150 horses. The largest Polish unit was the

344: 304: 778: 727: 404: 1066: 908:(1740–1830), a French-born Polish painter who created a set of sketches and paintings of the struggle. 3431: 2833: 1104: 1090: 932: 866: 683: 561: 475: 349: 1046: 991:

units put up the strongest defence and although they were forced to retreat in the direction of the

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was the second-highest military commander after the king, and the Marshal of the Permanent Council,

62: 3548: 3146: 2886: 1282:, as the fights in Warsaw were referred to as a "massacre" of unarmed Russian soldiers by Warsaw's 1216: 1141: 996: 982: 885: 870: 782: 672: 665: 603: 573: 334: 294: 3113: 936: 924: 1157: 843: 462: 422: 339: 1005: 534: 522: 309: 194: 912:

The assault on Leszno Street was aimed at the Russian battalion occupying positions before the

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insurrection. These included some of the more prominent political leaders, among them Generals

3645: 3633: 3533: 3498: 3467: 3457: 3441: 3412: 3377: 3351: 3325: 3321: 3314: 3295: 3245: 3240:. Nations of the World. Leonora B. Lang (transl.). New York: P. F. Collier & son. p. 3215: 3205: 3178: 3158: 3127: 3096: 3066: 3014: 2981: 2964: 2924: 2892: 2868: 2843: 2819: 2799: 1295:, in which the Russian forces killed between 10,000 and 20,000 civilians of Warsaw upon their 1292: 1212: 951: 948: 928: 905: 893: 854: 820: 676: 518: 490: 3523: 3519: 1011:

In the meantime, the king and some members of the Targowica Confederation took refuge in the

3621: 3515: 3440:. Vol. 17: Switzerland (concluded ), Russia and Poland. New York: The Outlook Company. 3394: 3030: 1287: 1232: 1054: 1050: 944: 695: 661: 544: 530: 1061:. There it was met by a negligible unit of not more than 100 civilians armed with a single 3121: 2788:(1913). "»Święta Insurrekcyja« w Warszawie" ["Holy Insurrection" in Warsaw]. 1396: 1296: 1236: 1224: 1174: 1034: 1028: 967: 626: 466: 376: 354: 3241: 3088:

The Russian Empire and the World, 1700–1917: The Geopolitics of Expansion and Containment

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Borejsza, Jerzy W. (6 June 2002). Joseph Klaits; Michael Haltzel; Lee H Hamilton (eds.).

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Liberty's Folly: the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth in the eighteenth century, 1697-1795

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Fighting at Miodowa Street on Krakowskie Przedmieście, sketch by Jan Piotr Norblin, 1794

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Within hours, the fighting had spread from a single street at the western outskirts of

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On the Polish side, weakened by the arrests of some of its leaders, both the radical

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Street. These orders only made the situation worse as they were leaked to the Poles.

3231: 2934: 1204: 1075: 1058: 881: 824: 78: 17: 889: 840: 785:. In addition, Igelström could request assistance from a Prussian unit of General 1472: 1470: 1468: 1466: 610:, known for his pro-Russian stance, suggested that the churches be surrounded on 3348:

Busting Myths and Stereotypes: from king John III Sobieski to Tadeusz Kościuszko

1001: 719: 699: 494: 438: 392: 3644:] (in Polish). Warsaw: Ergos, Wojskowy Instytut Historyczny. p. 451+. 3235: 3408: 1283: 992: 827:. Encountered by a small Russian force equipped with two cannons guarding the 647: 442: 27:

Armed uprising by Polish forces against the Russian garrison of Warsaw in 1794

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Obalanie mitów i stereotypów: od Jana III Sobieskiego do Tadeusza Kościuszki

3204:]. Aleksandra Januszewska (transl.). Warsaw: Ling Pi. pp. 281 (2). 3182: 3162: 2803: 900: 669: 3537: 3249: 3070: 3065:] (3 ed.). Kraków: Krakowska Spółka Wydawnicza. pp. 183–190. 2968: 506: 1152:

camp near Warsaw in Powązki, and then further away from the city, towards

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were stationed in the vicinity of the Arsenal and still had 248 soldiers.

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Warszawa w powstaniu kościuszkowkim (Warsaw in the Kościuszko's Uprising)

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on 19 April with troops and all suspects attending the mass be arrested.

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Versuch einer Geschichte der letzten polnischen Revolution vom Jahr 1794

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Stanisław Herbst (1959–1960). "Jan Gisiler". In Kazimierz Lepszy (ed.).

1015:. Among them were Piotr Ożarowski, Józef Ankwicz, Great Crown Marshall 1004:, as was the case of Szanowski's house at the Vistula in the borough of 441:

to the entire city. Part of the Russian garrison was able to retreat to

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Original document of the Accession of Warsaw to the National Uprising

1419: 1417: 1415: 1248: 1207:. If they could not be captured, their portraits were hanged instead. 526: 384: 106: 102: 1074:

troops. The Russian soldiers broke ranks and entered the undefended

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with 950 men at arms. The regiment was stationed in its barracks in

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Johann Jakob Pistor; Bolesław Prawdzic-Chotomski (transl.) (1906).

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issued a declaration condemning it on 2 April. The King dispatched

1191: 1162: 1122: 1080: 1033: 981: 899: 848: 750: 746: 686:, the military commander of the Warsaw's garrison. He and General 616: 543: 3316:

The peasant prince: Thaddeus Kosciuszko and the age of revolution

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Among the most influential partisans of the uprising was General

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amassed more than half the Russian forces at the western end of

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Kukiel cites 1,500 prisoners, Rambaud and Saltus mention 2,000.

237: 2923:. Lublin: Orthodox Diocese of Lublin-Chełm. pp. 331–332. 2535: 2533: 2531: 2529: 2527: 2514: 2512: 2510: 2497: 2495: 2493: 2491: 2489: 2487: 2485: 2448: 2446: 2444: 2442: 2240: 2238: 2236: 2234: 2232: 2230: 2228: 2226: 2224: 2222: 1647: 1645: 1643: 1641: 1639: 1637: 1635: 1633: 1631: 1629: 493:

was pressured by Russia to enact an army reform, in which the

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Sketch of the History of the Latest Polish Revolution in 1794

3320:. New York: Thomas Dunne Books, St. Martin's Press. pp. 789:

stationed west of the city in the fields between Powązki and

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capital city (Warsaw). It began on 17 April 1794, soon after

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Assault on the Russian Embassy, sketch by Jan Piotr Norblin.

995:

church, they repelled early Polish attacks and captured the

2597: 2595: 1857: 1715: 3151:

Mémoires sur la révolution de la Pologne, trouvés a Berlin

2816:

Powstania polskie 1794; Dzieje Insurekcji Kościuszkowskiej

2651: 2649: 2593: 2591: 2589: 2587: 2585: 2583: 2581: 2579: 2577: 2575: 2562: 2560: 2558: 2556: 2554: 2552: 2550: 2548: 2429: 2427: 2351: 2349: 2347: 2345: 2343: 2341: 2339: 2267: 2265: 1920: 1918: 1916: 1914: 1912: 1910: 1589: 1587: 1457: 2726: 2724: 2209: 2625: 2366: 2364: 2207: 2205: 2203: 2201: 2199: 2197: 2195: 2193: 2191: 2189: 2164: 2162: 2160: 2158: 1882: 1880: 1878: 1776: 1774: 1772: 3294:]. Voyenno-istoricheskaya biblioteka. Moscow: ACT. 3055:(1929). "Bitwa warszawska" [Battle of Warsaw]. 1526: 1524: 513:(4 April), tension in Warsaw grew rapidly. Polish king 3155:

Memoirs on the Revolution in Poland, written in Berlin

3007:

History of Poland during the reign of Stanisław August

1616: 1614: 2326: 2324: 1511: 1509: 1306:, with the inscription "WARSZAWA 17 IV – 4 XI 1794". 3263:

Grzegorz Reszka (2005). Przemysław Sierechan (ed.).

3177:. Warsaw: Biblioteka Dzieł Wyborowych. p. 150. 3126:(Interview) (51). Interviewed by Paweł Wroński: 10. 2636: 2634: 2322: 2320: 2318: 2316: 2314: 2312: 2310: 2308: 2306: 2304: 2097: 2095: 2093: 2091: 2089: 1841: 1839: 1837: 2028: 2026: 2024: 2022: 2020: 1971: 1969: 1897: 1895: 1438: 1436: 1434: 1432: 517:was opposed to Kościuszko's uprising, and with the 3313: 478:it started to influence the Polish government and 3573:[Thwarting of the Conspiracy in Warsaw]. 3342:Sławomir Suchodolski; Dariusz Ostapowicz (2008). 2860:The Global Ramifications of the French Revolution 966:, yet others found their way farther towards the 395:, the uprising aimed to throw off control by the 3636:(1994). Tadeusz Rawski; Janusz Wojtasik (eds.). 3033:[Genealogical list of Princes Gagarin]. 1476: 3400:Insurekcja warszawska: 17 i 18 kwietnia 1794 r. 1197:Hanging of traitors at Warsaw's Old Town Market 1127:Document of accession of the city of Warsaw to 749:there were 680 men and 337 horses of the royal 41: 3003:Wewnętrzne dzieje Polski za Stanisława Augusta 2839:A History of Eastern Europe: Crisis and Change 2798:]. Vienna: Franciszek Bonde. p. 368. 757:("pontonniers"). The latter units crossed the 474:, had been strong for many years; during the 383:) was an armed insurrection by the people of 249: 8: 877:, Bonifraterska, Kłopot and Leszno streets. 793:. The latter unit had 1,500 men and 4 guns. 770: 3175:Pamiętniki o rewolucyi polskiej z roku 1794 1302:The Warsaw Uprising is commemorated on the 2980:(2 ed.). London-New York: Routledge. 2891:. Columbia University Press. p. 540. 568:and Ignacy Działyński, King's Chamberlain 256: 242: 234: 38: 3405:Warsaw insurrection: 17 and 18 April 1794 1256:Antoni Stanisław Czetwertyński-Światopełk 1215:became the city's commander in chief and 711:regular soldiers available to Igelström. 3595:Arsenał, Association of Polish Regiments 3530:Russia under the sceptre of the Romanovs 3525:Россия под скипетром Романовых 1613–1913 2601: 2566: 2539: 2518: 2501: 2476: 2464: 2452: 2433: 2355: 2295: 2271: 2256: 2244: 2149: 2011: 1924: 1751: 1739: 1659: 1593: 1554: 743:Horse Guard of the Polish Crown Regiment 3157:] (in French). Paris. p. 167. 3063:Brief history of the military of Poland 2754: 2730: 2715: 2691: 2679: 2667: 2137: 2068: 1566: 1411: 1320: 1231:) composed of Zakrzewski, Mokronowski, 716:Foot Guard of the Polish Crown Regiment 621:Centre of Warsaw as seen on an 1831 map 3497:]. Książka i Wiedza. p. 428. 3031:"Родословная роспись князей Гагариных" 3577:. Jan Kiliński's School of Mogielnica 2888:God's Playground: A History of Poland 2742: 2655: 2286:, ¶ 43 "Фёдор Сергеевич (1757–1794)". 846:, who crossed the Vistula overnight. 7: 3437:The Historians' History of the World 3376:] (1 ed.). Warsaw: Ancher. 2796:History of the Kościuszko's Uprising 1886: 1792: 1780: 1698: 1530: 1515: 1423: 1065:, commanded by Captain of Artillery 629:and the centrist supporters of King 221:507 soldiers killed and 437 wounded, 3466:]. Zürich: Orell & Füssli. 3058:Zarys historii wojskowości w Polsce 2640: 2283: 1352:50 to 60, with 2 artillery officers 1304:Tomb of the Unknown Soldier, Warsaw 651:Krystian Godfryd Deybel de Hammerau 482:(nobility), and the entire people. 3744:Battles of the Kościuszko Uprising 2791:Dzieje Insurekcji Kościuszkowskiej 2766: 2703: 2613: 2418: 2406: 2394: 2382: 2370: 2330: 2213: 2180: 2168: 2125: 2113: 2101: 2080: 2056: 2044: 2032: 1999: 1987: 1975: 1960: 1948: 1936: 1901: 1869: 1845: 1828: 1816: 1804: 1763: 1686: 1620: 1605: 1578: 1542: 1500: 1488: 1442: 634:uprising. Maruszewski created the 223:~700 militias and civilians killed 25: 3676:Short description of the uprising 3267:[Kościuszko's Uprising]. 3196:(1995). Zbigniew Góralski (ed.). 3035:Князья Гагарины (Princes Gagarin) 1727: 741:and 364 men of the once-powerful 77:Historical reconstruction in the 3597:. 6 January 2006. Archived from 3559:Polish Scientific Publishers PWN 892:, along Miodowa Street and from 188: 176: 165: 146: 132: 61: 55: 32:Warsaw Uprising (disambiguation) 2814:Kazimierz Bartoszewicz (2002). 1858:Pistor & Prawdzic-Chotomski 1716:Pistor & Prawdzic-Chotomski 1395:Estimates vary, see article on 3638:Powstanie kościuszkowskie 1794 3591:"The Origin of the Formations" 3370:Powstanie kościuszkowskie 1794 1140:and Długa Streets, as well as 904:A witness to the fighting was 509:(24 March) and his subsequent 226:2,000 or 2,250 to 4,000 killed 1: 3666:Gallery of Norblin's sketches 3642:Kościuszko's Uprising of 1794 3571:"Rozbicie spisku w Warszawie" 3522:[The End of Poland]. 3456:Karol Fryderyk Wojda (1796). 3009:]. Vol. IV. Kraków: 1675:"Rozbicie spisku w Warszawie" 1221:Provisional Temporary Council 1057:Street unopposed and reached 228:1,500 to 2,000 taken prisoner 3368:Bartłomiej Szyndler (1994). 3194:Stanisław August Poniatowski 2626:Suchodolski & Ostapowicz 1689:, ¶ "Bitwa pod Racławicami". 921:Polish 10th Regiment of Foot 823:barracks and headed for the 745:. In the eastern borough of 631:Stanisław August Poniatowski 515:Stanisław August Poniatowski 3265:"Insurekcja kościuszkowska" 2956:Polski Słownik Biograficzny 1701:, Google Print p. 418. 1381:In the words of Zhukovich: 1025:Ignacy Wyssogota Zakrzewski 735:4th Regiment of Front Guard 688:Stepan Stepanovich Apraksin 3770: 3754:Military history of Warsaw 2961:Polish Academy of Sciences 2959:. Vol. VIII. Warsaw: 2865:Cambridge University Press 2842:. Routledge. p. 161. 1201:Second Partition of Poland 1177:, including 161 officers. 487:Polish–Russian War of 1792 459:Second Partition of Poland 133: 29: 3312:Alex Storozynski (2009). 3118:"Łapówka bywała cnotą..." 2259:, pp. 190, 192, 195. 1229:Rada Zastępcza Tymczasowa 1045:At the same time General 927:had left its barracks at 527:Grand Hetman of the Crown 503:Kościuszko's proclamation 461:of 1793, the presence of 357:(Second Battle of Warsaw) 275: 215: 200: 158: 125: 85: 54: 46: 3495:Three National Uprisings 3374:Kościuszko Uprising 1794 3350:]. Warsaw: Bellona. 3085:John P. Ledonne (1996). 3029:Dmitriy Kudinov (2005). 3011:Polish Academy of Skills 1742:, pp. 185–188, 190. 1260:Karol Boscamp-Lasopolski 1017:Fryderyk Józef Moszyński 783:Kiev Grenadier Regiments 566:Kazimierz Nestor Sapieha 3739:18th-century rebellions 3491:Trzy powstania narodowe 3093:Oxford University Press 2976:Jerzy Lukowski (2013). 1241:Rada Najwyższa Narodowa 1019:and the king's brother 941:Krakowskie Przedmieście 773:Gazeta Wolna Warszawska 501:Upon receiving news of 369:Warsaw Uprising of 1794 300:Greater Poland Uprising 142:(Kościuszko insurgents) 69:Krakowskie Przedmieście 42:Warsaw Uprising of 1794 3734:18th century in Warsaw 2812:reprinted in 2002 as: 2786:Kazimierz Bartoszewicz 1479:, Google Print p. 122. 1426:, Google Print p. 418. 1297:reconquest of the city 1252:Ignacy Jakub Massalski 1240: 1228: 1208: 1132: 1086: 1042: 987: 909: 861: 771: 653:, Major Józef Górski, 636:Revolution Association 622: 552: 434:, a master shoemaker. 380: 159:Commanders and leaders 3700:52.23000°N 21.01083°E 2810:on 28 September 2011. 1195: 1126: 1084: 1037: 1021:Kazimierz Poniatowski 985: 903: 852: 755:Engineering Battalion 724:10th Regiment of Foot 620: 577:Stanisław Małachowski 570:Jan Walenty Węgierski 550:Stanisław Mokronowski 547: 381:insurekcja warszawska 216:Casualties and losses 206:3,000–3,500 soldiers, 172:Stanisław Mokronowski 3749:Rebellions in Poland 3628:(in Polish). Warsaw. 3549:"Igelström Iosif A." 3432:Henry Smith Williams 3116:(15 December 2003). 3013:. pp. 370–374. 1477:Rambaud & Saltus 1458:"Igelström Iosif A." 1286:. Russian historian 1131:, signed on 19 April 787:Friedrich von Wölcky 739:5th Cavalry Regiment 684:Jan August Cichowski 557:Aleksandr Khrushchev 539:Nowy Dwór Mazowiecki 511:victory at Racławice 476:partitions of Poland 421:Kościuszko's envoy, 30:For other uses, see 3696: / 3147:Johann Jakob Pistor 2917:The Orthodox Church 2818:. Poznań: Kurpisz. 2757:, pp. 331–332. 2628:, pp. 159–160. 2542:, pp. 199–200. 2521:, pp. 198–199. 2504:, pp. 197–198. 2479:, pp. 196–199. 2455:, pp. 196–197. 2421:, pp. 107–109. 2385:, pp. 157–159. 2373:, pp. 185–186. 2298:, pp. 195–196. 2247:, pp. 194–195. 2216:, pp. 184–185. 2171:, pp. 183–190. 2014:, pp. 192–193. 2002:, pp. 370–374. 1754:, pp. 185–188. 1662:, pp. 190–211. 1557:, pp. 188–190. 1491:, pp. 173–175. 1158:political prisoners 1129:Kościuszko Uprising 666:Dionizy Poniatowski 658:Stanisław Kosmowski 644:Michał Chomentowski 640:Związek Rewolucyjny 604:Johann Jakob Pistor 574:Marshal of the Sejm 445:under the cover of 409:Battle of Racławice 391:. Supported by the 389:Kościuszko Uprising 373:Warsaw Insurrection 267:Kościuszko Uprising 93:17 to 19 April 1794 49:Kościuszko Uprising 18:Warsaw Insurrection 3705:52.23000; 21.01083 2867:. pp. 59–60. 1209: 1133: 1087: 1043: 988: 960:Stanisław Lipnicki 910: 862: 844:Jan Jerzy Giessler 753:squadrons and the 623: 553: 423:Tomasz Maruszewski 407:'s victory at the 405:Tadeusz Kościuszko 3729:Conflicts in 1794 3634:Andrzej Ajnenkiel 3554:PWN Encyclopaedia 3504:978-83-05-12578-9 3383:978-83-85576-10-5 3357:978-83-11-11050-2 3301:978-5-17-010649-3 3292:Battles of Russia 3211:978-83-86016-85-3 3102:978-0-19-510927-6 2987:978-1-136-10364-3 2930:978-83-907299-9-2 2898:978-0-231-05351-8 2874:978-0-521-52447-6 2849:978-0-415-16112-1 2825:978-83-88841-17-0 2769:, pp. 79–80. 2059:, pp. 40–42. 2047:, pp. 32–40. 1990:, pp. 65–67. 1963:, pp. 62–63. 1951:, pp. 61–62. 1889:, pp. 59–60. 1783:, pp. 93–94. 1766:, pp. 51–59. 1623:, pp. 48–49. 1545:, pp. 43–45. 1533:, pp. 17–36. 1299:later that year. 1293:massacre of Praga 1213:Ignacy Zakrzewski 1091:Warsaw's New Town 956:Holy Cross Church 949:Warsaw University 933:Nowy Świat Street 906:Jan Piotr Norblin 867:Warsaw's Old Town 855:November Uprising 737:, 331 men of the 728:Fusilier Regiment 608:Józef Kossakowski 585:Stanisław Potocki 562:Antoni Madaliński 519:Permanent Council 491:Permanent Council 485:After losing the 439:Warsaw's Old Town 427:Ignacy Działyński 364: 363: 232: 231: 121: 120: 16:(Redirected from 3761: 3711: 3710: 3708: 3707: 3706: 3701: 3697: 3694: 3693: 3692: 3689: 3655: 3629: 3622:Andrzej Zahorski 3610: 3608: 3606: 3586: 3584: 3582: 3567: 3562: 3546: 3541: 3516:Platon Zhukovich 3513: 3508: 3487: 3482: 3480: 3478: 3454: 3449: 3427: 3425: 3423: 3392: 3387: 3366: 3361: 3340: 3335: 3319: 3308: 3284: 3279: 3277: 3275: 3269:polskiedzieje.pl 3261: 3256: 3223: 3191: 3186: 3170: 3166: 3142: 3140: 3138: 3111: 3106: 3095:US. p. 59. 3081: 3079: 3077: 3050: 3045: 3043: 3041: 3027: 3022: 2996: 2991: 2972: 2949: 2947: 2945: 2940:on 26 March 2009 2939: 2933:. 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110. 2118: 2106: 2104:, p. 184. 2085: 2073: 2071:, p. 186. 2061: 2049: 2037: 2016: 2004: 1992: 1980: 1965: 1953: 1941: 1929: 1927:, p. 192. 1906: 1891: 1874: 1862: 1850: 1848:, p. 183. 1833: 1821: 1809: 1797: 1795:, p. 258. 1785: 1768: 1756: 1744: 1732: 1730:, p. 100. 1720: 1718:, p. 150. 1703: 1691: 1679: 1664: 1625: 1610: 1598: 1596:, p. 188. 1583: 1571: 1569:, p. 185. 1559: 1547: 1535: 1520: 1518:, p. 161. 1505: 1493: 1481: 1462: 1447: 1445:, p. 186. 1428: 1410: 1408: 1405: 1402: 1401: 1388: 1374: 1365: 1356: 1339: 1330: 1319: 1318: 1316: 1313: 1311: 1308: 1280:historiography 1245:Józef Zabiełło 1205:public enemies 1185: 1182: 1170: 1167: 1120: 1117: 1071:Brühl's Palace 1047:Ivan Novitskiy 979: 976: 923:under Colonel 894:Franciszkańska 812:Holy Wednesday 807: 804: 802: 799: 707: 704: 677:Józef Zeydlitz 593:Warsaw Arsenal 472:Nikolai Repnin 457:Following the 454: 451: 416:Warsaw Arsenal 397:Russian Empire 362: 361: 359: 358: 352: 347: 342: 337: 332: 327: 322: 317: 312: 307: 302: 297: 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Lwów: 3406: 3402: 3401: 3396: 3395:Wacław Tokarz 3389: 3385: 3379: 3375: 3371: 3363: 3359: 3353: 3349: 3345: 3337: 3333: 3331:9780312388027 3327: 3323: 3318: 3317: 3310: 3307: 3303: 3297: 3293: 3289: 3281: 3270: 3266: 3258: 3255: 3251: 3247: 3243: 3239: 3238: 3233: 3229: 3225: 3221: 3217: 3213: 3207: 3203: 3199: 3195: 3188: 3184: 3180: 3176: 3171:translation: 3164: 3160: 3156: 3152: 3148: 3144: 3133: 3129: 3125: 3124:: Duży Format 3123: 3119: 3115: 3114:Tomasz Nałęcz 3108: 3104: 3098: 3094: 3090: 3089: 3083: 3072: 3068: 3064: 3060: 3059: 3054: 3053:Marian Kukiel 3047: 3036: 3032: 3024: 3020: 3016: 3012: 3008: 3004: 3001:(1882–1887). 3000: 2993: 2989: 2983: 2979: 2974: 2970: 2966: 2963:. p. 7. 2962: 2958: 2957: 2951: 2936: 2932: 2926: 2918: 2914: 2913: 2904: 2900: 2894: 2890: 2889: 2884: 2883:Norman Davies 2880: 2876: 2870: 2866: 2863:. Cambridge: 2862: 2861: 2855: 2851: 2845: 2841: 2840: 2835: 2831: 2827: 2821: 2817: 2809: 2805: 2801: 2797: 2793: 2792: 2787: 2780: 2779: 2775: 2768: 2763: 2760: 2756: 2751: 2748: 2744: 2739: 2736: 2732: 2727: 2725: 2721: 2717: 2712: 2709: 2705: 2700: 2697: 2693: 2688: 2685: 2681: 2676: 2673: 2669: 2664: 2661: 2657: 2652: 2650: 2646: 2643:, p. 59. 2642: 2637: 2635: 2631: 2627: 2622: 2619: 2616:, p. 10. 2615: 2610: 2607: 2603: 2598: 2596: 2594: 2592: 2590: 2588: 2586: 2584: 2582: 2580: 2578: 2576: 2572: 2568: 2563: 2561: 2559: 2557: 2555: 2553: 2551: 2549: 2545: 2541: 2536: 2534: 2532: 2530: 2528: 2524: 2520: 2515: 2513: 2511: 2507: 2503: 2498: 2496: 2494: 2492: 2490: 2488: 2486: 2482: 2478: 2473: 2470: 2466: 2461: 2458: 2454: 2449: 2447: 2445: 2443: 2439: 2435: 2430: 2428: 2424: 2420: 2415: 2412: 2408: 2403: 2400: 2396: 2391: 2388: 2384: 2379: 2376: 2372: 2367: 2365: 2361: 2357: 2352: 2350: 2348: 2346: 2344: 2342: 2340: 2336: 2332: 2327: 2325: 2323: 2321: 2319: 2317: 2315: 2313: 2311: 2309: 2307: 2305: 2301: 2297: 2292: 2289: 2285: 2280: 2277: 2273: 2268: 2266: 2262: 2258: 2253: 2250: 2246: 2241: 2239: 2237: 2235: 2233: 2231: 2229: 2227: 2225: 2223: 2219: 2215: 2210: 2208: 2206: 2204: 2202: 2200: 2198: 2196: 2194: 2192: 2190: 2186: 2182: 2177: 2174: 2170: 2165: 2163: 2161: 2159: 2155: 2151: 2146: 2143: 2139: 2134: 2131: 2127: 2122: 2119: 2115: 2110: 2107: 2103: 2098: 2096: 2094: 2092: 2090: 2086: 2083:, p. 42. 2082: 2077: 2074: 2070: 2065: 2062: 2058: 2053: 2050: 2046: 2041: 2038: 2035:, p. 32. 2034: 2029: 2027: 2025: 2023: 2021: 2017: 2013: 2008: 2005: 2001: 1996: 1993: 1989: 1984: 1981: 1978:, p. 64. 1977: 1972: 1970: 1966: 1962: 1957: 1954: 1950: 1945: 1942: 1939:, p. 61. 1938: 1933: 1930: 1926: 1921: 1919: 1917: 1915: 1913: 1911: 1907: 1904:, p. 68. 1903: 1898: 1896: 1892: 1888: 1883: 1881: 1879: 1875: 1872:, p. 60. 1871: 1866: 1863: 1860:, p. 37. 1859: 1854: 1851: 1847: 1842: 1840: 1838: 1834: 1831:, p. 54. 1830: 1825: 1822: 1819:, p. 51. 1818: 1813: 1810: 1807:, p. 49. 1806: 1801: 1798: 1794: 1789: 1786: 1782: 1777: 1775: 1773: 1769: 1765: 1760: 1757: 1753: 1748: 1745: 1741: 1736: 1733: 1729: 1724: 1721: 1717: 1712: 1710: 1708: 1704: 1700: 1695: 1692: 1688: 1683: 1680: 1676: 1671: 1669: 1665: 1661: 1656: 1654: 1652: 1650: 1648: 1646: 1644: 1642: 1640: 1638: 1636: 1634: 1632: 1630: 1626: 1622: 1617: 1615: 1611: 1608:, p. 46. 1607: 1602: 1599: 1595: 1590: 1588: 1584: 1581:, p. 69. 1580: 1575: 1572: 1568: 1563: 1560: 1556: 1551: 1548: 1544: 1539: 1536: 1532: 1527: 1525: 1521: 1517: 1512: 1510: 1506: 1503:, p. 52. 1502: 1497: 1494: 1490: 1485: 1482: 1478: 1473: 1471: 1469: 1467: 1463: 1459: 1454: 1452: 1448: 1444: 1439: 1437: 1435: 1433: 1429: 1425: 1420: 1418: 1416: 1412: 1406: 1398: 1392: 1389: 1385: 1378: 1375: 1369: 1366: 1360: 1357: 1353: 1349: 1348:60 to 100 men 1343: 1340: 1334: 1331: 1324: 1321: 1314: 1309: 1307: 1305: 1300: 1298: 1294: 1289: 1285: 1281: 1278: 1272: 1268: 1265: 1264:Felix Potocki 1261: 1258:, ambassador 1257: 1253: 1250: 1246: 1242: 1238: 1234: 1233:Józef Wybicki 1230: 1226: 1222: 1218: 1214: 1206: 1202: 1198: 1194: 1190: 1183: 1181: 1178: 1176: 1168: 1166: 1164: 1159: 1155: 1151: 1146: 1143: 1139: 1130: 1125: 1118: 1116: 1112: 1110: 1106: 1101: 1095: 1092: 1083: 1079: 1077: 1072: 1068: 1064: 1060: 1056: 1055:Marszałkowska 1052: 1048: 1040: 1036: 1032: 1030: 1026: 1022: 1018: 1014: 1013:Warsaw Castle 1009: 1007: 1003: 998: 994: 984: 977: 975: 973: 969: 965: 961: 957: 954:) and before 953: 950: 946: 942: 938: 937:Świętokrzyska 934: 930: 926: 922: 919:At 06:00 the 917: 915: 907: 902: 898: 895: 891: 887: 883: 882:Castle Square 878: 876: 872: 868: 859: 856: 851: 847: 845: 842: 838: 834: 830: 826: 822: 818: 813: 806:Opening moves 805: 800: 798: 794: 792: 788: 784: 780: 775: 774: 768: 763: 760: 756: 752: 748: 744: 740: 736: 731: 729: 725: 721: 717: 712: 705: 703: 701: 697: 693: 689: 685: 680: 678: 674: 673:Grzegorz Ropp 671: 667: 663: 659: 656: 652: 649: 645: 641: 637: 632: 628: 619: 615: 613: 612:Holy Saturday 609: 605: 600: 598: 594: 590: 589:Hugo Kołłątaj 586: 582: 578: 575: 571: 567: 563: 558: 551: 546: 542: 540: 536: 532: 531:Józef Ankwicz 528: 524: 520: 516: 512: 508: 504: 499: 496: 492: 488: 483: 481: 477: 473: 468: 464: 460: 452: 450: 448: 444: 440: 435: 433: 428: 424: 419: 417: 412: 410: 406: 402: 398: 394: 390: 387:early in the 386: 382: 378: 374: 370: 356: 353: 351: 348: 346: 343: 341: 338: 336: 333: 331: 328: 326: 323: 321: 318: 316: 313: 311: 308: 306: 303: 301: 298: 296: 293: 291: 288: 286: 283: 281: 278: 277: 274: 269: 259: 254: 252: 247: 245: 240: 239: 236: 225: 220: 219: 214: 210: 205: 204: 199: 196: 191: 186: 184: 173: 163: 162: 157: 154: 149: 144: 140: 130: 129: 124: 116: 113: 112: 108: 104: 100: 97: 96: 92: 89: 88: 84: 80: 74: 70: 64: 58: 53: 50: 45: 40: 37: 33: 19: 3681: 3641: 3637: 3625: 3603:. Retrieved 3599:the original 3594: 3579:. Retrieved 3574: 3552: 3529: 3524: 3512:(in Russian) 3494: 3490: 3475:. Retrieved 3463: 3458: 3436: 3420:. Retrieved 3404: 3399: 3373: 3369: 3347: 3343: 3315: 3305: 3291: 3288:Битвы России 3287: 3283:(in Russian) 3272:. Retrieved 3268: 3253: 3236: 3232:Edgar Saltus 3201: 3197: 3174: 3154: 3150: 3135:. Retrieved 3120: 3087: 3074:. Retrieved 3062: 3057: 3038:. Retrieved 3034: 3026:(in Russian) 3006: 3002: 2977: 2954: 2942:. Retrieved 2935:the original 2916: 2911: 2887: 2859: 2838: 2815: 2808:the original 2795: 2790: 2776:Bibliography 2762: 2750: 2738: 2711: 2699: 2687: 2675: 2663: 2621: 2609: 2602:Bartoszewicz 2567:Bartoszewicz 2540:Bartoszewicz 2519:Bartoszewicz 2502:Bartoszewicz 2477:Bartoszewicz 2472: 2465:Bartoszewicz 2460: 2453:Bartoszewicz 2434:Bartoszewicz 2414: 2402: 2390: 2378: 2356:Bartoszewicz 2296:Bartoszewicz 2291: 2279: 2272:Bartoszewicz 2257:Bartoszewicz 2252: 2245:Bartoszewicz 2176: 2150:Bartoszewicz 2145: 2133: 2121: 2116:, p. 7. 2109: 2076: 2064: 2052: 2040: 2012:Bartoszewicz 2007: 1995: 1983: 1956: 1944: 1932: 1925:Bartoszewicz 1865: 1853: 1824: 1812: 1800: 1788: 1759: 1752:Bartoszewicz 1747: 1740:Bartoszewicz 1735: 1723: 1694: 1682: 1660:Bartoszewicz 1601: 1594:Bartoszewicz 1574: 1562: 1555:Bartoszewicz 1550: 1538: 1496: 1484: 1399:for details. 1391: 1382: 1377: 1368: 1359: 1351: 1347: 1342: 1333: 1323: 1301: 1273: 1269: 1262:and others. 1210: 1196: 1187: 1179: 1172: 1147: 1134: 1113: 1105:Royal Castle 1096: 1088: 1076:Saxon Palace 1059:Saxon Square 1044: 1039:Brühl Palace 1010: 989: 925:Filip Hauman 918: 911: 879: 863: 857: 836: 825:Saxon Garden 809: 795: 764: 732: 713: 709: 692:Royal Castle 681: 639: 624: 601: 554: 500: 484: 456: 436: 432:Jan Kiliński 420: 413: 372: 368: 366: 325:First Warsaw 284: 183:Jan Kiliński 126:Belligerents 79:Saxon Garden 67:Fighting on 47:Part of the 36: 3703: / 3678:, in Polish 3566:(in Polish) 3545:(in Polish) 3486:(in Polish) 3453:(in German) 3391:(in Polish) 3365:(in Polish) 3339:(in Polish) 3260:(in Polish) 3190:(in Polish) 3169:(in Polish) 3110:(in Polish) 3049:(in Polish) 2995:(in Polish) 2912:Prawosławie 2906:(in Polish) 2782:(in Polish) 2755:Grygorowicz 2731:Storozynski 2716:Storozynski 2692:Storozynski 2680:Storozynski 2668:Storozynski 2138:Poniatowski 2069:Storozynski 1567:Storozynski 1027:became the 978:City centre 495:Polish Army 393:Polish Army 345:Maciejowice 305:Szczekociny 3718:Categories 3691:21°00′39″E 3688:52°13′48″N 3557:. Warsaw: 3409:Ossolineum 3254:IGELSTRoM. 3198:Pamiętniki 1310:References 1169:Casualties 1041:in Warsaw. 993:Franciscan 858:(pictured) 3581:2 October 3477:2 October 3472:832203084 3422:7 October 3274:2 October 3220:749381029 3137:7 October 3132:0860-908X 3076:2 October 3019:831226863 2944:2 October 2743:Zhukovich 2658:, ¶ 1-13. 2656:Zhukovich 1407:Citations 1350:, Pistor 1315:Footnotes 1254:, prince 1203:, became 1184:Aftermath 1145:cannons. 952:rectorate 947:(now the 890:Tłomackie 829:Iron Gate 819:left the 525:, who as 335:Krupczyce 295:Lipniszki 280:Racławice 3624:(1985). 3518:(1912). 3446:12277434 3434:(1905). 3417:30636631 3397:(1934). 3234:(1902). 3183:38991852 3163:19682696 3149:(1806). 2885:(1984). 2836:(1998). 2804:10599661 1887:Borejsza 1793:Lukowski 1781:Szyndler 1699:Williams 1677:, ¶ 2-7. 1531:Zahorski 1516:Bideleux 1460:, ¶ 1-2. 1424:Williams 1150:Prussian 1119:18 April 968:Old Town 817:dragoons 801:17 April 791:Marymont 779:Siberian 767:Cossacks 720:Żoliborz 694:and the 548:General 480:szlachta 463:Prussian 447:Prussian 340:Terespol 330:Saločiai 201:Strength 98:Location 81:(bottom) 3605:19 June 3538:9834250 3250:3099256 3202:Memoirs 3071:5900707 3040:27 June 2969:2098998 2641:Ledonne 2284:Kudinov 1154:Karczew 1138:Miodowa 1100:Marywil 1006:Powiśle 972:Gagarin 929:Ujazdów 875:Nalewki 841:Colonel 759:Vistula 700:burgher 597:Miodowa 453:Prelude 443:Powązki 399:of the 350:Kobyłka 315:Rajgród 3648: 3575:Patron 3536: 3501: 3470: 3444: 3415: 3380: 3354: 3328: 3298: 3248: 3237:Russia 3218: 3208: 3181: 3161: 3130: 3099: 3069: 3017: 2984: 2967: 2927: 2919:] 2895: 2871: 2846: 2822: 2802: 2767:Shefov 2745:, ¶ 2. 2704:Davies 2614:Nałęcz 2419:Tokarz 2407:Tokarz 2395:Tokarz 2383:Tokarz 2371:Kukiel 2331:Kukiel 2214:Kukiel 2181:Tokarz 2169:Kukiel 2126:Tokarz 2114:Herbst 2102:Kukiel 2081:Tokarz 2057:Tokarz 2045:Tokarz 2033:Tokarz 2000:Korzon 1988:Tokarz 1976:Tokarz 1961:Tokarz 1949:Tokarz 1937:Tokarz 1902:Tokarz 1870:Tokarz 1846:Kukiel 1829:Tokarz 1817:Tokarz 1805:Tokarz 1764:Tokarz 1687:Reszka 1621:Tokarz 1606:Tokarz 1579:Tokarz 1543:Tokarz 1501:Tokarz 1489:Kukiel 1443:Kukiel 1249:bishop 1237:Polish 1225:Polish 1163:ducats 1002:manors 839:under 581:Ignacy 507:Kraków 489:, the 425:, and 401:Polish 385:Warsaw 377:Polish 320:Błonie 139:Poland 114:Result 107:Poland 103:Warsaw 75:(top) 3640:[ 3528:[ 3493:[ 3462:[ 3403:[ 3372:[ 3346:[ 3290:[ 3200:[ 3153:[ 3061:[ 3005:[ 2938:(PDF) 2921:(PDF) 2915:[ 2794:[ 1728:Wojda 1328:5000. 1217:mayor 821:Mirów 751:uhlan 747:Praga 655:Capt. 533:, to 355:Praga 310:Chełm 3646:ISBN 3607:2006 3583:2014 3534:OCLC 3499:ISBN 3479:2014 3468:OCLC 3442:OCLC 3424:2014 3413:OCLC 3378:ISBN 3352:ISBN 3326:ISBN 3296:ISBN 3276:2014 3246:OCLC 3216:OCLC 3206:ISBN 3179:OCLC 3159:OCLC 3139:2014 3128:ISSN 3097:ISBN 3078:2014 3067:OCLC 3042:2006 3015:OCLC 2982:ISBN 2965:OCLC 2946:2014 2925:ISBN 2893:ISBN 2869:ISBN 2844:ISBN 2820:ISBN 2800:OCLC 935:and 833:Wola 781:and 675:and 648:Gen. 587:and 583:and 465:and 367:The 90:Date 3322:370 3242:122 1284:mob 869:to 670:Lt. 595:at 505:in 371:or 71:by 3720:: 3593:. 3551:. 3411:. 3324:. 3304:. 3252:. 3244:. 3230:; 3214:. 3167:; 3091:. 2723:^ 2648:^ 2633:^ 2574:^ 2547:^ 2526:^ 2509:^ 2484:^ 2441:^ 2426:^ 2363:^ 2338:^ 2303:^ 2264:^ 2221:^ 2188:^ 2157:^ 2088:^ 2019:^ 1968:^ 1909:^ 1894:^ 1877:^ 1836:^ 1771:^ 1706:^ 1667:^ 1628:^ 1613:^ 1586:^ 1523:^ 1508:^ 1465:^ 1450:^ 1431:^ 1414:^ 1239:: 1227:: 679:. 668:, 664:, 660:, 646:, 579:, 572:, 564:, 541:. 411:. 379:: 105:, 3654:. 3609:. 3585:. 3561:. 3540:. 3507:. 3481:. 3448:. 3426:. 3386:. 3360:. 3334:. 3278:. 3222:. 3185:. 3165:. 3141:. 3105:. 3080:. 3044:. 3021:. 2990:. 2971:. 2948:. 2901:. 2877:. 2852:. 2828:. 2140:. 1386:. 1354:. 1223:( 860:. 638:( 375:( 257:e 250:t 243:v 34:. 20:)

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Warsaw Uprising (1794)

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