1609:
50:
985:
1388:
92:
1397:(This group of larger, often semiterrestrial waterfowl can be seen as intermediate between Anserinae and Anatinae. The 1986 revision has resulted in the inclusion of 10 extant genera with about two-dozen living species in this subfamily, mostly from the Southern Hemisphere but a few in the Northern Hemisphere; the affiliations of several presumed tadornine genera has later been questioned and the group in the traditional lineup is likely to be
2086:
1895:
784:
1736:
5151:
2244:
1504:
1278:
5175:
814:. They typically have long necks, although this varies in degree between species. The legs are short, strong, and set far to the back of the body (more so in the more aquatic species), and have a leathery feel with a scaly texture. Combined with their body shape, this can make some species awkward on land, but they are stronger walkers than other marine and water birds such as
5187:
1907:
5163:
1137:
published in 1819. While the status of the
Anatidae as a family is straightforward, and which species properly belong to it is little debated, the relationships of the different tribes and subfamilies within it are poorly understood. The listing in the box at right should be regarded as simply one of
873:
breeders. The level of monogamy varies within the family; many of the smaller ducks only maintain the bond for a single season and find a new partner the following year, whereas the larger swans, geese and some of the more territorial ducks maintain pair bonds over a number of years, and even for
1573:
group, of worldwide distribution, were previously restricted to just one or two genera, but had been extended to include eight extant genera and about 55 living species, including several genera formerly known as the "perching ducks"; mtDNA on the other hand confirms that the genus
830:
have secondarily lost their webbing. The bills are made of soft keratin with a thin and sensitive layer of skin on top (which has a leathery feel when touched). For most species, the shape of the bill tends to be more flattened to a greater or lesser extent. These contain serrated
1141:
The systematics of the
Anatidae are in a state of flux. Previously divided into six subfamilies, a study of anatomical characters by Livezey suggests the Anatidae are better treated in nine subfamilies. This classification was popular in the late 1980s to 1990s. But
1184:— an early modern waterbird which belonged to an extinct lineage—the Anatidae are an ancient group among the modern birds. Their earliest direct ancestors, though not documented by fossils yet, likewise can be assumed to have been contemporaries with the non-avian
1538:, but this has been questioned. Furthermore, while morphologically close to dabbling ducks, the mtDNA data indicate a treatment as distinct subfamily is indeed correct, with the Tadorninae being actually closer to dabbling ducks than the diving ducks)
975:
in Europe). Numerous governments and conservation and hunting organisations have made considerable progress in protecting ducks and duck populations through habitat protection and creation, laws and protection, and captive-breeding programmes.
846:). The swans, geese, and whistling-ducks lack sexually dimorphic plumage. Anatids are vocal birds, producing a range of quacks, honks, squeaks, and trumpeting sounds, depending on species; the female often has a deeper voice than the male.
2176:
The fossil record of anatids is extensive, but many prehistoric genera cannot be unequivocally assigned to present-day subfamilies for the reasons given above. For prehistoric species of extant genera, see the respective genus accounts.
2123:
as mentioned above. The following taxa, although certainly new species, cannot be assigned even to subfamily; that Kauaʻi is the oldest of the large
Hawaiian Islands, meaning the species may have been evolving in isolation for nearly
3342:
Burney, David A.; James, Helen F.; Burney, Lida Pigott; Olson, Storrs L.; Kikuchi, William; Wagner, Warren L.; Burney, Mara; McCloskey, Deirdre; Kikuchi, Delores; Grady, Frederick V.; Gage, Reginald II; Nishek, Robert (2001).
924:
Humans have had a long relationship with ducks, geese, and swans; they are important economically and culturally to humans, and several duck species have benefited from an association with people. However, some anatids are
2163:
are known only from very incomplete, and in the former case much damaged, bone fragments. The former has been alleged to be a shelduck, but this was generally dismissed because of the damage to the material and
1152:
While shortcomings certainly occur in
Livezey's analysis, mtDNA is an unreliable source for phylogenetic information in many waterfowl (especially dabbling ducks) due to their ability to produce fertile
913:. While this species never raises its own young, a number of other ducks occasionally lay eggs in the nests of conspecifics (members of the same species) in addition to raising their own broods.
889:
on the water only. They construct simple nests from whatever material is close at hand, often lining them with a layer of down plucked from the mother's breast. In most species, only the female
2038:, Muscovy duck and white-winged duck, respectively (2 species) – traditionally dabbling ducks, but may be paraphyletic, with one species in Tadorninae and the other closer to diving ducks
796:
The ducks, geese, and swans are small- to large-sized birds with a broad and elongated general body plan. Diving species vary from this in being rounder. Extant species range in size from the
861:, and have serrated bills to help them catch fish. In a number of species, the young include a high proportion of invertebrates in their diets, but become purely herbivorous as adults.
2183:– a more advanced relative of the whistling-ducks or an ancestral relative of stifftail ducks paralleling whistling-ducks; if not extinct possibly belong in Oxyurinae (including
921:
Duck, eider, and goose feathers and down have long been popular for bedspreads, pillows, sleeping bags, and coats. The members of this family also have long been used for food.
772:. A few species have been domesticated for agriculture, and many others are hunted for food and recreation. Five species have become extinct since 1600, and many more are
959:. Evolving on islands that lacked predators, these species lost antipredator behaviours, as well as the ability to fly, and were vulnerable to human hunting pressure and
1296:, swans and geese (3–7 extant genera with 25–30 living species, mainly cool temperate Northern Hemisphere, but also some Southern Hemisphere species, with the
1745:(There are 9 extant genera and some 20 living species; most of this group occur in the Northern Hemisphere, but a few mergansers in the Southern Hemisphere)
4063:
3430:
1340:(one genus in Australia, formerly included in the Oxyurinae, but with anatomy suggesting a distinct ancient lineage perhaps closest to the Anserinae, especially the
5386:
1225:
Alternatively, the
Anatidae may be considered to consist of three subfamilies (ducks, geese, and swans, essentially) which contain the groups as presented here as
5425:
5522:
5517:
947:
due to the activities of humans, and subfossil remains have shown that humans caused numerous extinctions in prehistory. Today, many more are considered
2537:(Late Miocene of Antwerp, Belgium) – anserine or tadornine* Anatidae gen. et sp. indet. (Waite Late Miocene of Alcoota, Australia) – anatine, oxyurine?
5360:
3536:
3492:
Gonzalez, J.; Düttmann, H.; Wink, M. (2009). "Phylogenetic relationships based on two mitochondrial genes and hybridization patterns in
Anatidae".
5399:
4058:
2912:
2768:
2511:(Middle Miocene of Öhningen, Germany) Described from a single badly crushed tarsometatarsus and phalanges. This species was named in 1867 by
3161:
Sraml, M.; Christidis, L.; Easteal, S.; Horn, P.; Collet, C. (1996). "Molecular
Relationships Within Australasian Waterfowl (Anseriformes)".
3464:
3264:
3067:. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History. Vol. 222. New York: American Museum of Natural History. pp. 133, 245.
2744:
1586:. Gigantic in size and with massive bills, they were believed to be geese, but have been shown to be actually very closely related to
2731:
was formerly thought to belong to
Anatidae, however reexamination of the holotype in 1978 resulted in the genus being placed as Aves
3284:
3149:
2860:
2834:
1963:
1754:
1719:
1707:
1695:
1450:
1410:
749:, floating on the water surface, and, in some cases, diving in at least shallow water. The family contains around 174 species in 43
2168:
considerations. The long-legged Kauaʻi bird, however, hints at the possibility of a former tadornine presence on the archipelago.
5474:
853:
as adults, feeding on various water-plants, although some species also eat fish, molluscs, or aquatic arthropods. One group, the
3602:
810:
at 22 kg (49 lb). The wings are short and pointed, and supported by strong wing muscles that generate rapid beats in
804:, at as much as 183 cm (6 ft) and 17.2 kg (38 lb). The largest anatid ever known is the extinct flightless
49:
3249:
2825:
1892:: The largest degree of uncertainty concerns whether a number of genera are closer to the shelducks or to the dabbling ducks.
5404:
5191:
3437:
1608:
5412:
842:, with the males being more brightly coloured than the females (although the situation is reversed in species such as the
3574:
1582:, of which four species in three genera are known to date, are a peculiar group of flightless, extinct anatids from the
5282:
5269:
4048:
951:. Most of the historic and prehistoric extinctions were insular species, vulnerable due to small populations (often
5339:
3830:
3141:
1526:, of worldwide distribution, in two to four genera; The 1986 morphological analysis suggested the probably extinct
5430:
5352:
3745:
3735:
3195:"Phylogeny and biogeography of dabbling ducks (genus Anas): a comparison of molecular and morphological evidence"
738:
91:
3297:
2967:
1860:, stiff-tail ducks (a small group of 3–4 genera, 2–3 of them monotypic, with 7–8 living species)
4071:
4053:
3386:
3237:
3194:
3094:
1246:
3462:
Középsõ-miocén õsmaradványok, a Mátraszõlõs, Rákóczi-kápolna alatti útbevágásból. I. A Mátraszõlõs 1. lelõhely
1138:
several possible ways of organising the many species within the
Anatidae; see discussion in the next section.
4076:
3344:
1233:, the goose subfamily Anserinae also containing the whistling ducks, and the Anatinae containing all other
5507:
5209:
4043:
3855:
3805:
3537:"The Prehistory of Vertebrates, Especially Birds, on Tinian, Aguiguan, and Rota, Northern Mariana Islands"
3260:
Collar, N. J.; Andreev, A. V.; Chan, S.; Crosby, M. J.; Subramanya, S. & Tobias, J. A. (eds.) (2001):
2512:
1101:
5461:
3880:
3551:
5287:
2949:
885:, though they vary significantly in size, shape, and surface elaboration. Most species are adapted for
2791:
5479:
5440:
5308:
5256:
4508:
3048:
The name of the author is not specified in the document, Leach was the Keeper of
Zoology at the time.
3035:
2633:
1165:
of many molecular studies available to date is small, mtDNA results must be considered with caution.
1130:
886:
875:
178:
3000:
Briskie, James; Montgomerie, Robert (1997). "Sexual selection and the intromittent organ of birds".
2180:
1978:
1304:
in three genera . Some other species are sometimes placed herein, but seem somewhat more distinct )
984:
4038:
3930:
3870:
3815:
3595:
2966:
Brennan, Patricia; Birkhead, Tim; Zyskowski, Kristof; Van Der Waag, Jessica; Prum, Richard (2008).
2714:
2252:
2217:
2139:
1149:
analyses indicate, for example, the dabbling and diving ducks do not belong in the same subfamily.
870:
765:
5174:
2709:
2617:
2304:
5512:
4821:
3885:
3845:
3810:
3411:
3367:
3219:
3119:
3058:
3017:
2941:
2893:
2459:
2397:
2274:
1201:
960:
797:
746:
86:
2699:
2678:
2476:
2405:
2332:
2316:
2225:
1172:
is still lacking, the reasons for the confusing data are at least clear: As demonstrated by the
5466:
5167:
2686:
2667:
2649:
2641:
1387:
1363:(one genus in Africa, formerly included in the "perching ducks", but closer to the Tadorninae)
5502:
5448:
5295:
4947:
4894:
4844:
3987:
3977:
3920:
3720:
3715:
3461:
3324:
3280:
3245:
3145:
2856:
2830:
2672:
2625:
2516:
2428:
2374:
2266:
2194:
1899:
1372:
1341:
1273:
1037:
972:
898:
843:
839:
838:
Their feathers are excellent at shedding water due to special oils. Many of the ducks display
832:
70:
5391:
3039:
5453:
4813:
3955:
3627:
3501:
3403:
3359:
3345:"Fossil Evidence for a Diverse Biota from Kauaʻi and Its Transformation since Human Arrival"
3316:
3211:
3170:
3111:
3068:
3009:
2982:
2933:
2885:
2783:
2111:), two enigmatic waterfowl are known. The living and assignable prehistoric avifauna of the
2108:
2085:
1894:
1817:
1739:
1690:
1591:
1583:
1527:
1154:
1126:
1077:
1069:
1061:
1029:
1005:
890:
718:
413:
306:
3568:
3261:
2552:
Anatidae gen. et sp. indet. MNZ S42797 (Bathans Early/Middle Miocene of Otago, New Zealand)
783:
5045:
4873:
4343:
3865:
3850:
3788:
3687:
3615:
3468:
3296:
Buckner, Janet C; Ellingson, Ryan; Gold, David A; Jones, Terry L; Jacobs, David K (2018).
3268:
2682:(Rosebud Early Miocene of Bennett County, US) – anatid (own subfamily) or distinct family?
2659:
2654:
2555:
Anatidae gen. et sp. indet. (Middle Miocene of Nördlinger Ries, Germany) – tadornine?
2383:
2355:
2156:
1735:
1642:
1392:
1226:
1173:
1053:
956:
937:
929:
622:
398:
39:
3298:"Mitogenomics supports an unexpected taxonomic relationship for the extinct diving duck
2074:, marbled duck – formerly dabbling ducks; actually a diving duck or a distinct subfamily
757:
is no longer considered to be part of the Anatidae and is now placed in its own family,
5347:
5334:
5247:
5155:
5085:
5037:
4971:
4910:
4865:
4852:
4726:
4689:
4540:
4314:
4151:
3905:
3900:
3895:
3875:
3860:
3755:
3750:
3730:
3725:
3707:
3655:
3588:
3523:
3516:
3512:
2876:
McKinney, Frank; Evarts, Susan (1998). "Sexual coercion in waterfowl and other birds".
2732:
2598:
2568:
2527:
2468:
2185:
1973:
1789:
1578:
is over-lumped and casts doubt on the diving duck affiliations of several genera . The
1134:
1109:
902:
801:
769:
613:
250:
228:
66:
967:
and modification, and hybridisation with introduced ducks (for example the introduced
5496:
5093:
5077:
5000:
4992:
4826:
4624:
4474:
4361:
4319:
4119:
4111:
4033:
3997:
3915:
3839:
3505:
3394:
3202:
3102:
2986:
2278:(Middle Oligocene of Belgium – Early Miocene of France) – sometimes included in
1923:
1603:
1570:
1367:
1353:
1168:
While a comprehensive review of the Anatidae which unites all evidence into a robust
1021:
989:
758:
628:
201:
78:
3095:"A phylogenetic analysis of recent anseriform genera using morphological characters"
5179:
4923:
4768:
4584:
4422:
4370:
4242:
4203:
3972:
3960:
3950:
3940:
3637:
3527:
2692:
2549:
Anatidae gen. et sp. indet. (Waite Late Miocene of Alcoota, Australia) – tadornine?
2455:(Bathans Early/Middle Miocene of Otago, New Zealand) – tentatively placed here
2389:
2243:
2165:
2151:
2070:
2013:, pygmy geese (3 species) – Anatinae or part of Southern Hemisphere radiation?
1985:
1777:
1749:
1702:
1682:
1638:, diving-geese (extinct c. 450–250 BCE, A basal member of the dabbling duck clade)
1613:
1503:
1485:
1398:
1320:
1277:
1268:
1180:
1158:
1146:
964:
800:, at as little as 26.5 cm (10.5 in) and 164 g (5.8 oz), to the
754:
672:
650:
591:
537:
443:
384:
320:
241:
143:
3138:
Wildfowl : an identification guide to the ducks, geese and swans of the world
5300:
5261:
3062:
5417:
5373:
5274:
5241:
4984:
4831:
4637:
4616:
4605:
4570:
4437:
4427:
4385:
4276:
4143:
3945:
3770:
3765:
3697:
3682:
3650:
3436:. Science Series. Los Angeles County, CA: Natural History Museum. Archived from
3320:
2582:
2451:
2285:
2112:
2042:
1880:
1523:
1437:
1348:
1260:
1206:
1193:
1162:
1093:
926:
827:
823:
811:
806:
558:
464:
277:
256:
234:
2558:
Anatidae gen. et sp. indet. (Sajóvölgyi Middle Miocene of Mátraszõlõs, Hungary)
1204:, for example the "non-diving duck" type displayed by such unrelated genera as
5101:
4963:
4902:
4881:
4713:
4697:
4632:
4577:
4549:
4481:
4446:
4324:
4172:
4007:
3982:
3740:
2718:
2443:
2363:
2348:
2324:
2248:
2125:
2089:
2062:, maned duck (1 living species) – dabbling ducks or Tadorninae? Includes
2058:
2050:
2046:, Mandarin duck and wood duck (2 species) – dabbling ducks or Tadorninae?
2034:
2017:
1958:
1833:
1761:
1674:
1666:
1658:
1493:
1477:
1445:
1381:
1212:
1192:
and shifts from one kind of waterbird lifestyle to another have obscured many
1157:, in rare cases possibly even beyond the level of genus (see for example the "
968:
948:
777:
773:
722:
544:
530:
517:
508:
501:
493:
486:
471:
435:
420:
377:
355:
327:
187:
74:
5321:
5061:
5016:
4805:
4598:
4515:
4499:
4488:
4398:
4334:
4293:
3992:
3793:
3780:
3760:
3660:
3115:
2787:
2722:
2721:) was sometimes considered an anserine. It is now recognized as a primitive
2436:
2340:
2259:
2100:
2001:
1993:
1942:
1930:
1919:
1910:
1825:
1801:
1769:
1714:
1634:
1599:
1518:
1457:
1405:
1292:
1281:
1189:
1169:
894:
858:
854:
850:
700:
686:
666:
637:
599:
584:
523:
451:
428:
362:
341:
334:
163:
103:
62:
3328:
2572:(Early Miocene of France and the Czech Republic, Middle Miocene of Germany)
1977:, pink-eared ducks (1 living species) – Tadorninae, Oxyurinae or
1906:
1245:
For the living and recently extinct members of each genus, see the article
1997:, steamer ducks (4 species) – Tadorninae or closer to dabbling ducks?
17:
5232:
5226:
5029:
4759:
4734:
4680:
4591:
4563:
4453:
4417:
4409:
4391:
4286:
4271:
4002:
3965:
3798:
2769:"Presbyornis and the Origin of the Anseriformes (Aves: Charadriomorphae)"
2564:(Middle Miocene of Sansan, France and Credinţa, Romania) – 2 species
2413:
2120:
2009:
1856:
1809:
1579:
1565:
1230:
1197:
1185:
1045:
952:
933:
313:
271:
265:
221:
123:
2897:
2578:(Pleistocene of Australia) – at least 2 taxa, may be living species
1461:, Egyptian goose and Mascarene shelducks (1 living species, 2
897:, and are able to feed themselves from birth. One aberrant species, the
4939:
4792:
4671:
4556:
4522:
4460:
4281:
4135:
4127:
3820:
3692:
3677:
3667:
3415:
3371:
3223:
3123:
3021:
2945:
2924:
2727:
2590:
2420:
2129:
2028:
2021:, Hartlaub's duck – traditionally dabbling ducks, but may be closer to
1950:
1872:
1846:
1794:
1729:
1627:
1595:
1587:
1547:
1508:
1469:
1462:
1422:
1417:
1218:
1013:
997:
944:
606:
565:
551:
478:
371:
300:
284:
153:
58:
3580:
3460:
Gál, Erika; Hír, János; Kessler, Eugén & Kókay, József (1998–99):
3174:
2370:
Tadorninae gen. et sp. indet. (Calvert Middle Miocene of Maryland, US)
881:
Anatidae is a large proportion of the 3% of bird species to possess a
5069:
5008:
4784:
4776:
4705:
4645:
4529:
4467:
4350:
4017:
4012:
3890:
2889:
2819:
Carboneras, Carles (1992): Family Anatidae (Ducks, Geese and Swans).
2621:(Late Eocene/Early Oligocene) – anseranatid or anatid (own subfamily)
2521:
2297:
1864:
1841:
1650:
1554:
1429:
1328:
1256:(one pantropical genus, of distinctive long-legged goose-like birds)
1234:
1176:
819:
679:
643:
572:
405:
348:
291:
210:
113:
5378:
5365:
5203:
3431:"The present state of knowledge of Tertiary birds of Central europe"
3407:
3363:
3215:
3072:
3013:
2937:
2480:(Late Pleistocene of Aldabra, Indian Ocean) – anatine or tadornine*
5326:
2968:"Independent evolutionary reductions of the phallus in basal birds"
2393:(Late Pliocene ? – Late Pleistocene of SW and W North America)
835:
which are particularly well defined in the filter-feeding species.
741:, occurring on all the world's continents except Antarctica. These
4955:
4742:
4305:
3277:
Threatened Birds of Asia: The BirdLife International Red Data Book
2505:(Kalahari Early Miocene of Lüderitzbucht, Namibia) – anatine?
2104:
2084:
1905:
1893:
1734:
1607:
1546:, red-crested pochard and allies (4 species, 1 probably
1542:
1502:
1386:
1301:
1276:
1143:
983:
963:. Other extinctions and declines are attributable to overhunting,
882:
815:
782:
750:
730:
657:
2829:(Volume 1: Ostrich to Ducks): 536–629. Lynx Edicions, Barcelona.
4931:
4298:
4261:
4231:
3645:
3611:
2160:
1622:
1308:
1297:
1085:
910:
906:
742:
734:
726:
693:
391:
195:
133:
5207:
4095:
3584:
3387:"A new anseriform genus and species from the Nebraska Pliocene"
2823:
del Hoyo, Josep; Elliott, Andrew & Sargatal, Jordi (eds.):
1626:: pintails, mallards, etc. (40–50 living species, 3
878:
among anatids is common, occurring in 55 species in 17 genera.
5053:
3910:
3672:
1946:, Cape Barren goose – Anserinae, Tadorninae, or own subfamily?
5313:
2239:
Dendrocheninae gen. et sp. indet. (Late Miocene of Argentina)
1312:, true swans (6 species, 4 sometimes separated in
2484:(Late Miocene of Polgárdi, Hungary) – mergine? Formerly in
2543:(Middle–Late? Miocene of C Europe) – anatine? May include
2378:(Early Pliocene of Dorkovo, Bulgaria) – may be synonym of
2270:(Early Oligocene of Kazakhstan – Early Miocene of Germany)
3046:(15th ed.). London: British Museum. pp. 63–68 .
2653:(Late Oligocene of Pirəkəşkül, Azerbaijan) – anserine or
2198:(Late Oligocene – Middle Miocene of C Europe) – includes
3242:
The Audubon Society Encyclopedia of North American Birds
2005:, blue-winged goose – Tadorninae or more distant clade?
3518:
Ducks, Geese, and Swans of the World, Revised edition
1989:, comb duck – Tadorninae or closer to dabbling ducks?
3064:
History and Nomenclature of Avian Family-Group Names
2594:(Bathans Early/Middle Miocene of Otago, New Zealand)
2367:(Bathans Early/Middle Miocene of Otago, New Zealand)
2221:(Bathans Early/Middle Miocene of Otago, New Zealand)
5216:
5028:
4983:
4922:
4893:
4864:
4843:
4804:
4767:
4758:
4725:
4688:
4679:
4670:
4615:
4539:
4498:
4436:
4408:
4384:
4360:
4333:
4254:
4241:
4202:
4171:
4110:
4026:
3929:
3829:
3779:
3706:
3636:
2913:"The 20-cm Spiny Penis of the Argentine Lake Duck (
2762:
2760:
2136:
Long-legged "shelduck", Anatidae sp. et gen. indet.
3302:and definitively places the extinct Labrador Duck"
3244:. Wings Books, New York. Reprint of 1980 edition.
2493:(Early Pliocene of Eppelsheim, Germany) – anatine?
2132:), does not help in determining their affinities:
1934:, coscoroba swan – Anserinae or same subfamily as
3193:Johnson, Kevin P.; Sorenson, Michael D. (1999).
1954:, musk ducks (1 living species) - Oxyurini?
1733:, eiders, scoters, sawbills and other sea-ducks
2499:(Late Miocene of Aumeister, Germany) – anatine?
3088:
3086:
3084:
3082:
3044:Synopsis of the Contents of the British Museum
2851:Todd, Frank S. (1991). Forshaw, Joseph (ed.).
2612:Putative or disputed prehistoric anatids are:
2525:. This species is currently regarded as Aves
1324:, grey geese and white geese (11 species)
943:Since 1600, five species of ducks have become
3596:
2447:(Late Oligocene – Early Miocene of Australia)
2359:(Late Oligocene – Early Miocene of Australia)
2320:(Temblor Late Miocene of Sharktooth Hill, US)
2054:, ringed teal – dabbling ducks or Tadorninae?
1421:, shelducks (6 species, 1 probably
8:
2328:(Late Miocene – Early Pliocene of EC Africa)
1868:, stiff-tailed ducks (5 living species)
1845:, mergansers (4 living species, 1
3529:Waterfowl of North America, Revised edition
2855:. London: Merehurst Press. pp. 81–87.
2401:(Middle Pleistocene of Vallecito Creek, US)
1530:of India, previously treated separately in
5204:
4764:
4685:
4676:
4667:
4405:
4251:
4238:
4199:
4195:
4168:
4107:
4103:
4092:
4088:
3603:
3589:
3581:
3473:Folia Historico Naturalia Musei Matraensis
3188:
3186:
3184:
2608:(Early Miocene of Dolnice, Czech Republic)
1706:, large-billed moa-nalos (2 species,
1558:, pochards, scaups, etc. (12 species)
48:
31:
1264:, whistling ducks (8 living species)
3136:Madge, Steve & Burn, Hilary (1987):
2637:(Early Oligocene of Belgium and England)
2242:
2229:(Early – Late? Miocene) – includes
2159:, and a gigantic goose-like anatid from
1522:, diving ducks (Some 15 species of
1229:, with the swans separated as subfamily
1129:was introduced by the English zoologist
768:breeders. A number of species undertake
2767:Olson, Storrs L.; Feduccia, A. (1980).
2756:
2336:(Kimball Late Pliocene of Nebraska, US)
2092:is the only living member of the genus
869:The anatids are generally seasonal and
764:They are generally herbivorous and are
2846:
2844:
2842:
2782:(323). Smithsonian Institution: 1–24.
2645:(Deseado Early Oligocene of Argentina)
2629:(Deseado Early Oligocene of Argentina)
2308:(Late Miocene of C Europe) – includes
874:life in some species. However, forced
3309:Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution
2815:
2813:
2811:
2119:geese and their descendants, and the
1332:, black geese (6 living species)
7:
5441:4adf5172-e238-4a40-a819-bce80997df2b
5353:a729eb7e-2338-4b68-a7ef-099e6cb9cb13
5162:
2776:Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology
2690:(Miocene of Argentina) – anatine? A
1569:, dabbling ducks and moa-nalos (The
1222:. For the fossil record, see below.
5186:
3279:: 489–501. BirdLife International.
1902:, a species of unclear affiliation.
1813:, long-tailed duck (1 species)
826:, though a few species such as the
5523:Taxa named by William Elford Leach
3577:– Stamps on ducks, swans and geese
2745:List of Anseriformes by population
2289:(Middle Miocene of California, US)
1133:in a guide to the contents of the
905:, laying its eggs in the nests of
25:
5518:Extant Rupelian first appearances
4064:Late Quaternary prehistoric birds
2703:(Miocene of Argentina) – anatine?
5185:
5173:
5161:
5150:
5149:
5040:(New World vultures and condors)
3535:Steadman, David William (1999).
3506:10.1111/j.1469-7998.2009.00622.x
2987:10.1111/j.0908-8857.2008.04610.x
2586:(Late Miocene of Gargano, Italy)
932:, and have acted as vectors for
90:
27:Biological family of water birds
3571:on the Internet Bird Collection
2853:Encyclopaedia of Animals: Birds
2515:and then recombined in 1964 by
1616:tucking its bill under its wing
2826:Handbook of Birds of the World
2671:(Early Miocene) – anserine or
1200:are quite often the result of
1:
3163:Australian Journal of Zoology
2251:) skeleton on display at the
1821:, goldeneyes (3 species)
1481:, sheldgeese (4 species)
3550:(2): 319–345. Archived from
3093:Livezey, Bradley C. (1986).
2911:McCracken, Kevin G. (2000).
2602:(Middle Miocene of Mongolia)
2296:(Haraichi Middle Miocene of
1922:subfamilies above, and the "
5104:(woodpeckers and relatives)
3321:10.1016/j.ympev.2017.12.008
1781:, harlequin duck (includes
1590:. They evolved filling the
5539:
4966:(cormorants and relatives)
4059:Extinct species since 1500
2409:(Late Pleistocene of Peru)
1805:, scoters (6 species)
1742:couple, male on the right.
1453:, tentatively placed here)
1385:– shelducks and sheldgeese
1361:Subfamily: Plectropterinae
1125:The name Anatidae for the
5145:
5096:(kingfishers and rollers)
4950:(albatrosses and petrels)
4834:(swifts and hummingbirds)
4816:(nightjars and relatives)
4666:
4640:(pheasants and relatives)
4198:
4167:
4106:
4102:
4091:
4087:
3623:
3385:Short, Lester L. (1970).
2878:Ornithological Monographs
2115:contains as Anseriformes
1773:, eiders (3 species)
1718:, small-billed moa-nalo (
1694:, turtle-jawed moa-nalo (
1449:, Madagascar sheldgoose (
1425:) – possibly paraphyletic
1338:Subfamily: Stictonettinae
1254:Subfamily: Dendrocygninae
1121:History of classification
1116:). Post of Belarus, 1996.
955:to a single island), and
739:cosmopolitan distribution
216:
209:
193:
186:
87:Scientific classification
85:
57:Clockwise from top left:
56:
47:
34:
4995:(seriemas and relatives)
4974:(pelicans and relatives)
3238:National Audubon Society
3002:Journal of Avian Biology
2975:Journal of Avian Biology
1247:List of Anatidae species
917:Relationship with humans
893:the eggs. The young are
5088:(hornbills and hoopoes)
5003:(falcons and relatives)
2788:10.5479/si.00810282.323
2463:(Pliocene of Australia)
2155:from the Big Island of
1409:, Chatham Island duck (
1300:in one genus , and the
792:Description and ecology
5072:(trogons and quetzals)
4884:(cranes and relatives)
4154:(emus and cassowaries)
4044:Glossary of bird terms
3856:Confuciusornithiformes
3429:Mlíkovský, J. (1992).
3236:Terres, John K. &
2491:"Anas" eppelsheimensis
2256:
2096:
1916:
1903:
1743:
1654:, wigeons and gadwalls
1617:
1534:, should be placed in
1512:
1395:
1284:
1117:
1102:red-breasted merganser
849:Anatids are generally
822:. They typically have
788:
5462:Paleobiology Database
4913:(kagu and sunbittern)
4876:(gulls and relatives)
3881:Songlingornithiformes
3846:Omnivoropterygiformes
3352:Ecological Monographs
3116:10.1093/auk/103.4.737
3036:Leach, William Elford
2707:The Middle Oligocene
2503:"Anas" luederitzensis
2246:
2088:
1962:, New Zealand geese (
1909:
1897:
1738:
1611:
1506:
1390:
1280:
1188:. The long period of
987:
807:Garganornis ballmanni
787:Landing mallard drake
786:
5348:Fauna Europaea (new)
4735:Phoenicopteriformes
2725:. The middle Eocene
2212:"Aythya" arvernensis
1670:, bronze-winged duck
1131:William Elford Leach
876:extrapair copulation
4706:Mesitornithiformes
4700:(doves and pigeons)
4034:Families and orders
3896:Ichthyornithiformes
3871:Patagopterygiformes
2312:, validity doubtful
2253:Museum of Osteology
2081:Prehistoric species
1884:, black-headed duck
737:. The family has a
717:are the biological
5048:(eagles and hawks)
4948:Procellariiformes
4853:Opisthocomiformes
4822:Steatornithiformes
4049:List by population
3886:Hongshanornithidae
3811:Evolution of birds
3524:Johnsgard, Paul A.
3513:Johnsgard, Paul A.
3494:Journal of Zoology
3467:2011-07-21 at the
3267:2007-03-11 at the
2562:"Aythya" chauvirae
2257:
2097:
1917:
1904:
1837:, hooded merganser
1744:
1618:
1513:
1473:, (2 species)
1441:, Salvadori's teal
1396:
1285:
1202:parallel evolution
1118:
1090:Mergellus albellus
1074:Bucephala clangula
1018:Anas platyrhynchos
961:introduced species
798:cotton pygmy goose
789:
497:(or in Tadorninae)
482:(or in Tadorninae)
5490:
5489:
5449:Open Tree of Life
5210:Taxon identifiers
5201:
5200:
5141:
5140:
5137:
5136:
5133:
5132:
5129:
5128:
5125:
5124:
5121:
5120:
5117:
5116:
5113:
5112:
4934:(loons or divers)
4903:Phaethontiformes
4895:Phaethontimorphae
4845:Opisthocomiformes
4814:Caprimulgiformes
4754:
4753:
4743:Podicipediformes
4662:
4661:
4658:
4657:
4654:
4653:
4380:
4379:
4163:
4162:
4120:Struthioniformes
3988:Waterfowl hunting
3921:Gastornithiformes
3916:Aepyornithiformes
3906:Lithornithiformes
3175:10.1071/ZO9960047
2673:Phalacrocoracidae
2432:(Middle Pliocene)
2200:"Anas" blanchardi
1900:white-winged duck
1793:, Labrador duck (
1765:, Steller's eider
1433:, Radjah shelduck
1373:spur-winged goose
1342:Cape Barren goose
1274:white-backed duck
1196:, while apparent
1038:northern shoveler
1034:Clangula hyemalis
973:white-headed duck
901:, is an obligate
899:black-headed duck
844:paradise shelduck
840:sexual dimorphism
770:annual migrations
711:
710:
182:
71:paradise shelduck
16:(Redirected from
5530:
5483:
5482:
5470:
5469:
5457:
5456:
5444:
5443:
5434:
5433:
5421:
5420:
5418:NBNSYS0000159361
5408:
5407:
5395:
5394:
5382:
5381:
5369:
5368:
5356:
5355:
5343:
5342:
5330:
5329:
5317:
5316:
5304:
5303:
5291:
5290:
5278:
5277:
5265:
5264:
5252:
5251:
5250:
5237:
5236:
5235:
5205:
5189:
5188:
5177:
5165:
5164:
5153:
5152:
5105:
5097:
5089:
5081:
5078:Leptosomiformes
5073:
5065:
5057:
5049:
5046:Accipitriformes
5041:
5020:
5019:(perching birds)
5012:
5004:
4996:
4975:
4967:
4959:
4951:
4943:
4940:Sphenisciformes
4935:
4914:
4906:
4885:
4877:
4874:Charadriiformes
4856:
4835:
4817:
4796:
4788:
4785:Musophagiformes
4780:
4765:
4746:
4738:
4717:
4709:
4701:
4686:
4677:
4668:
4641:
4628:
4406:
4402:
4395:
4308:
4301:
4265:
4252:
4248:
4239:
4235:
4200:
4196:
4169:
4155:
4147:
4139:
4131:
4123:
4108:
4104:
4093:
4089:
3956:Bird collections
3911:Dinornithiformes
3816:Darwin's finches
3806:Origin of flight
3746:Seabird breeding
3736:Sexual selection
3605:
3598:
3591:
3582:
3558:
3556:
3541:
3509:
3479:
3458:
3452:
3451:
3449:
3448:
3442:
3435:
3426:
3420:
3419:
3391:
3382:
3376:
3375:
3349:
3339:
3333:
3332:
3306:
3293:
3287:
3262:Pink-headed Duck
3258:
3252:
3234:
3228:
3227:
3199:
3190:
3179:
3178:
3158:
3152:
3142:Christopher Helm
3134:
3128:
3127:
3099:
3090:
3077:
3076:
3055:
3049:
3047:
3032:
3026:
3025:
2997:
2991:
2990:
2972:
2963:
2957:
2956:
2954:
2948:. Archived from
2921:
2908:
2902:
2901:
2890:10.2307/40166723
2873:
2867:
2866:
2848:
2837:
2817:
2806:
2805:
2803:
2802:
2796:
2790:. Archived from
2773:
2764:
2606:"Oxyura" doksana
2576:"Chenopis" nanus
2497:"Anas" isarensis
2424:(Middle Miocene)
2140:Kaua'i mole duck
2128:(since the Late
2109:Hawaiian Islands
1740:Common goldeneye
1691:Chelychelynechen
1678:, Brazilian teal
1592:ecological niche
1584:Hawaiian Islands
1528:pink-headed duck
1161:"). Because the
1082:Mergus merganser
1078:common merganser
1070:common goldeneye
1062:ferruginous duck
1050:Anas querquedula
1030:long-tailed duck
1006:northern pintail
857:, are primarily
745:are adapted for
595:(or in Anatinae)
414:Chelychelynechen
177:
95:
94:
52:
38:Temporal range:
32:
21:
5538:
5537:
5533:
5532:
5531:
5529:
5528:
5527:
5493:
5492:
5491:
5486:
5478:
5473:
5465:
5460:
5452:
5447:
5439:
5437:
5429:
5424:
5416:
5411:
5403:
5398:
5390:
5385:
5377:
5372:
5364:
5359:
5351:
5346:
5338:
5333:
5325:
5320:
5312:
5307:
5299:
5294:
5286:
5281:
5273:
5268:
5260:
5255:
5246:
5245:
5240:
5231:
5230:
5225:
5212:
5202:
5197:
5109:
5103:
5095:
5087:
5086:Bucerotiformes
5080:(cuckoo-roller)
5079:
5071:
5063:
5055:
5047:
5039:
5038:Cathartiformes
5024:
5018:
5010:
5009:Psittaciformes
5002:
4994:
4979:
4973:
4972:Pelecaniformes
4965:
4957:
4949:
4941:
4933:
4918:
4912:
4911:Eurypygiformes
4904:
4889:
4883:
4875:
4860:
4854:
4839:
4833:
4815:
4800:
4794:
4786:
4778:
4750:
4744:
4736:
4721:
4715:
4714:Pterocliformes
4707:
4699:
4650:
4639:
4626:
4611:
4535:
4494:
4432:
4397:
4396:
4389:
4388:
4376:
4356:
4329:
4306:
4299:
4259:
4258:
4246:
4245:
4229:
4228:
4225:
4223:
4221:
4219:
4217:
4215:
4213:
4211:
4209:
4207:
4205:
4190:
4188:
4186:
4184:
4182:
4180:
4178:
4176:
4174:
4159:
4153:
4152:Casuariiformes
4145:
4144:Apterygiformes
4137:
4129:
4121:
4098:
4083:
4054:Lists by region
4022:
3932:
3925:
3866:Chaoyangiformes
3851:Jeholornithidae
3825:
3789:Origin of birds
3775:
3756:Brood parasites
3702:
3632:
3619:
3609:
3575:Anatidae stamps
3569:Anatidae videos
3565:
3554:
3539:
3534:
3491:
3488:
3486:Further reading
3483:
3482:
3469:Wayback Machine
3459:
3455:
3446:
3444:
3440:
3433:
3428:
3427:
3423:
3408:10.2307/4083796
3389:
3384:
3383:
3379:
3364:10.2307/3100038
3347:
3341:
3340:
3336:
3304:
3295:
3294:
3290:
3269:Wayback Machine
3259:
3255:
3235:
3231:
3216:10.2307/4089339
3197:
3192:
3191:
3182:
3160:
3159:
3155:
3135:
3131:
3097:
3092:
3091:
3080:
3059:Bock, Walter J.
3057:
3056:
3052:
3040:"Eleventh Room"
3034:
3033:
3029:
3014:10.2307/3677097
2999:
2998:
2994:
2970:
2965:
2964:
2960:
2952:
2938:10.2307/4089612
2919:
2910:
2909:
2905:
2884:(49): 165–193.
2875:
2874:
2870:
2863:
2850:
2849:
2840:
2818:
2809:
2800:
2798:
2794:
2771:
2766:
2765:
2758:
2753:
2741:
2660:Caspiodontornis
2655:Pelagornithidae
2634:Paracygnopterus
2535:"Anser" scaldii
2384:common shelduck
2356:Australotadorna
2235:"A." oligocaena
2204:"A." consobrina
2174:
2172:Fossil Anatidae
2103:bones found on
2083:
1393:common shelduck
1243:
1174:Late Cretaceous
1123:
1106:Mergus serrator
1098:Aythya fuligula
1054:Eurasian wigeon
982:
957:island tameness
938:avian influenza
919:
867:
794:
623:Plectropterinae
205:
199:
176:
89:
43:
40:Early Oligocene
36:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
5536:
5534:
5526:
5525:
5520:
5515:
5510:
5505:
5495:
5494:
5488:
5487:
5485:
5484:
5471:
5458:
5445:
5435:
5422:
5409:
5396:
5383:
5370:
5357:
5344:
5335:Fauna Europaea
5331:
5318:
5305:
5292:
5279:
5266:
5253:
5238:
5222:
5220:
5214:
5213:
5208:
5199:
5198:
5196:
5195:
5183:
5171:
5159:
5146:
5143:
5142:
5139:
5138:
5135:
5134:
5131:
5130:
5127:
5126:
5123:
5122:
5119:
5118:
5115:
5114:
5111:
5110:
5108:
5107:
5099:
5094:Coraciiformes
5091:
5083:
5075:
5070:Trogoniformes
5067:
5059:
5051:
5043:
5034:
5032:
5026:
5025:
5023:
5022:
5017:Passeriformes
5014:
5006:
5001:Falconiformes
4998:
4993:Cariamiformes
4989:
4987:
4981:
4980:
4978:
4977:
4969:
4961:
4956:Ciconiiformes
4953:
4945:
4937:
4928:
4926:
4920:
4919:
4917:
4916:
4908:
4899:
4897:
4891:
4890:
4888:
4887:
4879:
4870:
4868:
4866:Cursorimorphae
4862:
4861:
4859:
4858:
4849:
4847:
4841:
4840:
4838:
4837:
4829:
4824:
4819:
4810:
4808:
4802:
4801:
4799:
4798:
4790:
4782:
4773:
4771:
4762:
4756:
4755:
4752:
4751:
4749:
4748:
4740:
4731:
4729:
4727:Mirandornithes
4723:
4722:
4720:
4719:
4711:
4703:
4698:Columbiformes
4694:
4692:
4690:Columbimorphae
4683:
4674:
4664:
4663:
4660:
4659:
4656:
4655:
4652:
4651:
4649:
4648:
4643:
4635:
4630:
4625:Meleagridinae
4621:
4619:
4613:
4612:
4610:
4609:
4602:
4595:
4588:
4581:
4574:
4567:
4560:
4553:
4545:
4543:
4541:Odontophoridae
4537:
4536:
4534:
4533:
4526:
4519:
4512:
4504:
4502:
4496:
4495:
4493:
4492:
4485:
4478:
4471:
4464:
4457:
4450:
4442:
4440:
4434:
4433:
4431:
4430:
4425:
4420:
4414:
4412:
4403:
4382:
4381:
4378:
4377:
4375:
4374:
4366:
4364:
4358:
4357:
4355:
4354:
4347:
4339:
4337:
4331:
4330:
4328:
4327:
4322:
4320:Stictonettinae
4317:
4315:Dendrocygninae
4312:
4311:
4310:
4303:
4291:
4290:
4289:
4284:
4279:
4268:
4266:
4249:
4236:
4193:
4165:
4164:
4161:
4160:
4158:
4157:
4149:
4141:
4133:
4125:
4116:
4114:
4100:
4099:
4096:
4085:
4084:
4082:
4081:
4080:
4079:
4074:
4068:Notable birds
4066:
4061:
4056:
4051:
4046:
4041:
4036:
4030:
4028:
4024:
4023:
4021:
4020:
4018:Egg collecting
4015:
4010:
4005:
4000:
3995:
3990:
3985:
3980:
3975:
3970:
3969:
3968:
3958:
3953:
3948:
3943:
3937:
3935:
3927:
3926:
3924:
3923:
3918:
3913:
3908:
3903:
3901:Hesperornithes
3898:
3893:
3888:
3883:
3878:
3876:Ambiortiformes
3873:
3868:
3863:
3861:Enantiornithes
3858:
3853:
3848:
3843:
3835:
3833:
3827:
3826:
3824:
3823:
3818:
3813:
3808:
3803:
3802:
3801:
3796:
3785:
3783:
3777:
3776:
3774:
3773:
3768:
3763:
3758:
3753:
3748:
3743:
3738:
3733:
3728:
3723:
3718:
3712:
3710:
3704:
3703:
3701:
3700:
3695:
3690:
3685:
3680:
3675:
3670:
3665:
3664:
3663:
3653:
3648:
3642:
3640:
3634:
3633:
3631:
3630:
3624:
3621:
3620:
3610:
3608:
3607:
3600:
3593:
3585:
3579:
3578:
3572:
3564:
3563:External links
3561:
3560:
3559:
3557:on 2004-07-05.
3532:
3521:
3510:
3500:(3): 310–318.
3487:
3484:
3481:
3480:
3453:
3421:
3402:(3): 537–543.
3377:
3358:(4): 615–641.
3334:
3300:Chendytes lawi
3288:
3253:
3240:(NAS) (1991):
3229:
3210:(3): 792–805.
3180:
3153:
3129:
3110:(4): 737–754.
3078:
3050:
3027:
2992:
2981:(5): 487–492.
2958:
2955:on 2008-07-05.
2932:(3): 820–825.
2915:Oxyura vittata
2903:
2868:
2861:
2838:
2807:
2755:
2754:
2752:
2749:
2748:
2747:
2740:
2737:
2733:incertae sedis
2705:
2704:
2696:
2683:
2675:
2664:
2646:
2638:
2630:
2622:
2610:
2609:
2603:
2599:Mioquerquedula
2595:
2587:
2579:
2573:
2569:Caerulonettion
2565:
2559:
2556:
2553:
2550:
2547:
2538:
2532:
2528:incertae sedis
2509:"Anas" meyerii
2506:
2500:
2494:
2488:
2469:Incertae sedis
2465:
2464:
2456:
2448:
2434:
2433:
2425:
2411:
2410:
2402:
2394:
2386:
2371:
2368:
2360:
2346:
2345:
2337:
2329:
2321:
2313:
2310:"Anas" robusta
2301:
2290:
2282:
2271:
2249:Cygnus atratus
2241:
2240:
2237:
2231:"Anas" integra
2222:
2214:
2186:Malacorhynchus
2181:Dendrocheninae
2173:
2170:
2147:
2146:
2144:Talpanas lippa
2137:
2082:
2079:
2078:
2077:
2076:
2075:
2067:
2055:
2047:
2039:
2025:
2014:
2006:
1998:
1990:
1982:
1979:Dendrocheninae
1974:Malacorhynchus
1970:
1955:
1947:
1939:
1924:perching ducks
1887:
1886:
1885:
1877:
1869:
1852:
1851:
1850:
1838:
1830:
1822:
1814:
1806:
1798:
1790:Camptorhynchus
1786:
1774:
1766:
1758:
1725:
1724:
1723:
1711:
1699:
1687:
1679:
1671:
1663:
1662:, crested duck
1655:
1647:
1639:
1631:
1604:megaherbivores
1561:
1560:
1559:
1551:
1501:
1500:
1499:
1498:
1497:, torrent duck
1490:
1482:
1474:
1466:
1454:
1442:
1434:
1426:
1414:
1377:
1376:
1375:
1358:
1357:
1356:
1335:
1334:
1333:
1325:
1317:
1288:
1287:
1286:
1265:
1242:
1239:
1194:plesiomorphies
1135:British Museum
1122:
1119:
1110:common pochard
981:
978:
918:
915:
903:brood parasite
866:
863:
802:trumpeter swan
793:
790:
725:that includes
709:
708:
707:
706:
705:
704:
697:
690:
683:
676:
663:
662:
661:
654:
647:
634:
633:
632:
619:
618:
617:
614:Malacorhynchus
610:
603:
596:
588:
580:and possibly:
578:
577:
576:
569:
562:
555:
548:
541:
534:
527:
514:
513:
512:
505:
498:
490:
483:
475:
468:
460:and possibly:
458:
457:
456:
447:
439:
432:
424:
417:
409:
402:
395:
388:
381:
368:
367:
366:
359:
352:
345:
338:
331:
324:
317:
310:
297:
296:
295:
288:
281:
268:
262:
261:
260:
251:Stictonettinae
247:
246:
245:
238:
229:Dendrocygninae
225:
214:
213:
207:
206:
200:
191:
190:
184:
183:
171:
167:
166:
161:
157:
156:
151:
147:
146:
141:
137:
136:
131:
127:
126:
121:
117:
116:
111:
107:
106:
101:
97:
96:
83:
82:
67:Brazilian teal
54:
53:
45:
44:
37:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
5535:
5524:
5521:
5519:
5516:
5514:
5511:
5509:
5508:Bird families
5506:
5504:
5501:
5500:
5498:
5481:
5476:
5472:
5468:
5463:
5459:
5455:
5450:
5446:
5442:
5436:
5432:
5427:
5423:
5419:
5414:
5410:
5406:
5401:
5397:
5393:
5388:
5384:
5380:
5375:
5371:
5367:
5362:
5358:
5354:
5349:
5345:
5341:
5336:
5332:
5328:
5323:
5319:
5315:
5310:
5306:
5302:
5297:
5293:
5289:
5284:
5280:
5276:
5271:
5267:
5263:
5258:
5254:
5249:
5243:
5239:
5234:
5228:
5224:
5223:
5221:
5219:
5215:
5211:
5206:
5194:
5193:
5184:
5182:
5181:
5176:
5172:
5170:
5169:
5160:
5158:
5157:
5148:
5147:
5144:
5106:
5100:
5098:
5092:
5090:
5084:
5082:
5076:
5074:
5068:
5066:
5060:
5058:
5054:Strigiformes
5052:
5050:
5044:
5042:
5036:
5035:
5033:
5031:
5027:
5021:
5015:
5013:
5007:
5005:
4999:
4997:
4991:
4990:
4988:
4986:
4982:
4976:
4970:
4968:
4962:
4960:
4954:
4952:
4946:
4944:
4938:
4936:
4930:
4929:
4927:
4925:
4921:
4915:
4909:
4907:
4905:(tropicbirds)
4901:
4900:
4898:
4896:
4892:
4886:
4880:
4878:
4872:
4871:
4869:
4867:
4863:
4857:
4851:
4850:
4848:
4846:
4842:
4836:
4830:
4828:
4827:Podargiformes
4825:
4823:
4820:
4818:
4812:
4811:
4809:
4807:
4803:
4797:
4791:
4789:
4783:
4781:
4777:Cuculiformes
4775:
4774:
4772:
4770:
4766:
4763:
4761:
4757:
4747:
4741:
4739:
4733:
4732:
4730:
4728:
4724:
4718:
4712:
4710:
4704:
4702:
4696:
4695:
4693:
4691:
4687:
4684:
4682:
4678:
4675:
4673:
4669:
4665:
4647:
4644:
4642:
4636:
4634:
4631:
4629:
4623:
4622:
4620:
4618:
4614:
4608:
4607:
4603:
4601:
4600:
4596:
4594:
4593:
4589:
4587:
4586:
4582:
4580:
4579:
4575:
4573:
4572:
4568:
4566:
4565:
4561:
4559:
4558:
4554:
4552:
4551:
4547:
4546:
4544:
4542:
4538:
4532:
4531:
4527:
4525:
4524:
4520:
4518:
4517:
4513:
4511:
4510:
4506:
4505:
4503:
4501:
4497:
4491:
4490:
4486:
4484:
4483:
4479:
4477:
4476:
4475:Macrocephalon
4472:
4470:
4469:
4465:
4463:
4462:
4458:
4456:
4455:
4451:
4449:
4448:
4444:
4443:
4441:
4439:
4435:
4429:
4426:
4424:
4421:
4419:
4416:
4415:
4413:
4411:
4407:
4404:
4400:
4393:
4387:
4383:
4373:
4372:
4368:
4367:
4365:
4363:
4362:Anseranatidae
4359:
4353:
4352:
4348:
4346:
4345:
4341:
4340:
4338:
4336:
4332:
4326:
4323:
4321:
4318:
4316:
4313:
4309:
4304:
4302:
4297:
4296:
4295:
4292:
4288:
4285:
4283:
4280:
4278:
4275:
4274:
4273:
4270:
4269:
4267:
4263:
4257:
4253:
4250:
4244:
4240:
4237:
4233:
4227:
4201:
4197:
4194:
4192:
4170:
4166:
4156:
4150:
4148:
4142:
4140:
4136:Tinamiformes
4134:
4132:
4126:
4124:
4118:
4117:
4115:
4113:
4112:Palaeognathae
4109:
4105:
4101:
4094:
4090:
4086:
4078:
4075:
4073:
4070:
4069:
4067:
4065:
4062:
4060:
4057:
4055:
4052:
4050:
4047:
4045:
4042:
4040:
4037:
4035:
4032:
4031:
4029:
4025:
4019:
4016:
4014:
4011:
4009:
4006:
4004:
4001:
3999:
3998:Pigeon racing
3996:
3994:
3991:
3989:
3986:
3984:
3981:
3979:
3976:
3974:
3971:
3967:
3964:
3963:
3962:
3959:
3957:
3954:
3952:
3949:
3947:
3944:
3942:
3939:
3938:
3936:
3934:
3928:
3922:
3919:
3917:
3914:
3912:
3909:
3907:
3904:
3902:
3899:
3897:
3894:
3892:
3889:
3887:
3884:
3882:
3879:
3877:
3874:
3872:
3869:
3867:
3864:
3862:
3859:
3857:
3854:
3852:
3849:
3847:
3844:
3842:
3841:
3840:Archaeopteryx
3837:
3836:
3834:
3832:
3828:
3822:
3819:
3817:
3814:
3812:
3809:
3807:
3804:
3800:
3797:
3795:
3792:
3791:
3790:
3787:
3786:
3784:
3782:
3778:
3772:
3769:
3767:
3764:
3762:
3759:
3757:
3754:
3752:
3749:
3747:
3744:
3742:
3739:
3737:
3734:
3732:
3729:
3727:
3724:
3722:
3719:
3717:
3714:
3713:
3711:
3709:
3705:
3699:
3696:
3694:
3691:
3689:
3686:
3684:
3681:
3679:
3676:
3674:
3671:
3669:
3666:
3662:
3659:
3658:
3657:
3654:
3652:
3649:
3647:
3644:
3643:
3641:
3639:
3635:
3629:
3626:
3625:
3622:
3617:
3613:
3606:
3601:
3599:
3594:
3592:
3587:
3586:
3583:
3576:
3573:
3570:
3567:
3566:
3562:
3553:
3549:
3545:
3538:
3533:
3531:
3530:
3525:
3522:
3520:
3519:
3514:
3511:
3507:
3503:
3499:
3495:
3490:
3489:
3485:
3477:
3474:
3470:
3466:
3463:
3457:
3454:
3443:on 2012-02-19
3439:
3432:
3425:
3422:
3417:
3413:
3409:
3405:
3401:
3397:
3396:
3388:
3381:
3378:
3373:
3369:
3365:
3361:
3357:
3353:
3346:
3338:
3335:
3330:
3326:
3322:
3318:
3314:
3310:
3303:
3301:
3292:
3289:
3286:
3285:0-946888-44-2
3282:
3278:
3274:
3270:
3266:
3263:
3257:
3254:
3251:
3247:
3243:
3239:
3233:
3230:
3225:
3221:
3217:
3213:
3209:
3205:
3204:
3196:
3189:
3187:
3185:
3181:
3176:
3172:
3168:
3164:
3157:
3154:
3151:
3150:0-7470-2201-1
3147:
3143:
3139:
3133:
3130:
3125:
3121:
3117:
3113:
3109:
3105:
3104:
3096:
3089:
3087:
3085:
3083:
3079:
3074:
3070:
3066:
3065:
3060:
3054:
3051:
3045:
3041:
3037:
3031:
3028:
3023:
3019:
3015:
3011:
3007:
3003:
2996:
2993:
2988:
2984:
2980:
2976:
2969:
2962:
2959:
2951:
2947:
2943:
2939:
2935:
2931:
2927:
2926:
2918:
2916:
2907:
2904:
2899:
2895:
2891:
2887:
2883:
2879:
2872:
2869:
2864:
2862:1-85391-186-0
2858:
2854:
2847:
2845:
2843:
2839:
2836:
2835:84-87334-10-5
2832:
2828:
2827:
2822:
2816:
2814:
2812:
2808:
2797:on 2012-02-27
2793:
2789:
2785:
2781:
2777:
2770:
2763:
2761:
2757:
2750:
2746:
2743:
2742:
2738:
2736:
2734:
2730:
2729:
2724:
2720:
2716:
2715:Chelkar-Teniz
2712:
2711:
2702:
2701:
2697:
2695:
2694:
2689:
2688:
2684:
2681:
2680:
2676:
2674:
2670:
2669:
2665:
2662:
2661:
2656:
2652:
2651:
2647:
2644:
2643:
2639:
2636:
2635:
2631:
2628:
2627:
2623:
2620:
2619:
2615:
2614:
2613:
2607:
2604:
2601:
2600:
2596:
2593:
2592:
2588:
2585:
2584:
2580:
2577:
2574:
2571:
2570:
2566:
2563:
2560:
2557:
2554:
2551:
2548:
2546:
2542:
2539:
2536:
2533:
2530:
2529:
2524:
2523:
2519:to the genus
2518:
2514:
2513:Milne-Edwards
2510:
2507:
2504:
2501:
2498:
2495:
2492:
2489:
2487:
2483:
2479:
2478:
2474:
2473:
2472:
2471:
2470:
2462:
2461:
2457:
2454:
2453:
2449:
2446:
2445:
2441:
2440:
2439:
2438:
2431:
2430:
2426:
2423:
2422:
2418:
2417:
2416:
2415:
2408:
2407:
2403:
2400:
2399:
2395:
2392:
2391:
2387:
2385:
2381:
2377:
2376:
2372:
2369:
2366:
2365:
2361:
2358:
2357:
2353:
2352:
2351:
2350:
2343:
2342:
2338:
2335:
2334:
2330:
2327:
2326:
2322:
2319:
2318:
2314:
2311:
2307:
2306:
2302:
2299:
2295:
2291:
2288:
2287:
2283:
2281:
2277:
2276:
2272:
2269:
2268:
2264:
2263:
2262:
2261:
2254:
2250:
2245:
2238:
2236:
2232:
2228:
2227:
2223:
2220:
2219:
2215:
2213:
2209:
2205:
2201:
2197:
2196:
2192:
2191:
2190:
2188:
2187:
2182:
2178:
2171:
2169:
2167:
2166:biogeographic
2162:
2158:
2154:
2153:
2145:
2141:
2138:
2135:
2134:
2133:
2131:
2127:
2122:
2118:
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2110:
2106:
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2095:
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2056:
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2048:
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2040:
2037:
2036:
2031:
2030:
2026:
2024:
2020:
2019:
2015:
2012:
2011:
2007:
2004:
2003:
1999:
1996:
1995:
1991:
1988:
1987:
1983:
1980:
1976:
1975:
1971:
1969:
1965:
1961:
1960:
1956:
1953:
1952:
1948:
1945:
1944:
1940:
1937:
1933:
1932:
1928:
1927:
1925:
1921:
1918:See also the
1915:
1912:
1908:
1901:
1896:
1891:
1888:
1883:
1882:
1878:
1876:, masked duck
1875:
1874:
1870:
1867:
1866:
1862:
1861:
1859:
1858:
1853:
1848:
1844:
1843:
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1836:
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1831:
1828:
1827:
1823:
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1815:
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1807:
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1726:
1721:
1717:
1716:
1712:
1709:
1705:
1704:
1700:
1697:
1693:
1692:
1688:
1686:, Baikal teal
1685:
1684:
1680:
1677:
1676:
1672:
1669:
1668:
1664:
1661:
1660:
1656:
1653:
1652:
1648:
1645:
1644:
1640:
1637:
1636:
1632:
1629:
1625:
1624:
1620:
1619:
1615:
1610:
1605:
1601:
1597:
1593:
1589:
1585:
1581:
1577:
1572:
1571:dabbling duck
1568:
1567:
1562:
1557:
1556:
1552:
1549:
1545:
1544:
1540:
1539:
1537:
1533:
1529:
1525:
1521:
1520:
1515:
1514:
1510:
1505:
1496:
1495:
1491:
1488:
1487:
1483:
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1479:
1475:
1472:
1471:
1467:
1464:
1460:
1459:
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1448:
1447:
1443:
1440:
1439:
1435:
1432:
1431:
1427:
1424:
1420:
1419:
1415:
1412:
1408:
1407:
1403:
1402:
1400:
1394:
1389:
1384:
1383:
1378:
1374:
1370:
1369:
1368:Plectropterus
1365:
1364:
1362:
1359:
1355:
1354:freckled duck
1351:
1350:
1346:
1345:
1343:
1339:
1336:
1331:
1330:
1326:
1323:
1322:
1318:
1315:
1311:
1310:
1306:
1305:
1303:
1299:
1295:
1294:
1289:
1283:
1279:
1275:
1271:
1270:
1266:
1263:
1262:
1258:
1257:
1255:
1252:
1251:
1250:
1248:
1240:
1238:
1236:
1232:
1228:
1223:
1221:
1220:
1215:
1214:
1209:
1208:
1203:
1199:
1195:
1191:
1187:
1183:
1182:
1178:
1175:
1171:
1166:
1164:
1160:
1156:
1150:
1148:
1145:
1139:
1136:
1132:
1128:
1120:
1115:
1114:Aythya ferina
1111:
1107:
1103:
1099:
1095:
1091:
1087:
1083:
1079:
1075:
1071:
1067:
1066:Aythya nyroca
1063:
1059:
1058:Anas penelope
1055:
1051:
1047:
1043:
1042:Anas clypeata
1039:
1035:
1031:
1027:
1026:Aythya marila
1023:
1022:greater scaup
1019:
1015:
1011:
1007:
1003:
1002:Anas strepera
999:
995:
991:
990:Eurasian teal
986:
979:
977:
974:
971:swamping the
970:
966:
962:
958:
954:
950:
946:
941:
939:
935:
931:
928:
922:
916:
914:
912:
908:
904:
900:
896:
892:
888:
884:
879:
877:
872:
864:
862:
860:
856:
852:
847:
845:
841:
836:
834:
829:
825:
821:
817:
813:
809:
808:
803:
799:
791:
785:
781:
779:
775:
771:
767:
762:
760:
759:Anseranatidae
756:
752:
748:
744:
740:
736:
732:
728:
724:
720:
716:
703:
702:
698:
696:
695:
691:
689:
688:
684:
682:
681:
677:
675:
674:
670:
669:
668:
664:
660:
659:
655:
653:
652:
648:
646:
645:
641:
640:
639:
635:
631:
630:
629:Plectropterus
626:
625:
624:
620:
616:
615:
611:
609:
608:
604:
602:
601:
597:
594:
593:
589:
587:
586:
582:
581:
579:
575:
574:
570:
568:
567:
563:
561:
560:
556:
554:
553:
549:
547:
546:
542:
540:
539:
535:
533:
532:
528:
526:
525:
521:
520:
519:
515:
511:
510:
506:
504:
503:
499:
496:
495:
491:
489:
488:
484:
481:
480:
476:
474:
473:
469:
467:
466:
462:
461:
459:
454:
453:
448:
446:
445:
440:
438:
437:
433:
431:
430:
425:
423:
422:
418:
416:
415:
410:
408:
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403:
401:
400:
396:
394:
393:
389:
387:
386:
382:
380:
379:
375:
374:
373:
369:
365:
364:
360:
358:
357:
353:
351:
350:
346:
344:
343:
339:
337:
336:
332:
330:
329:
325:
323:
322:
318:
316:
315:
311:
309:
308:
304:
303:
302:
298:
294:
293:
289:
287:
286:
282:
280:
279:
275:
274:
273:
269:
267:
263:
259:
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252:
248:
244:
243:
239:
237:
236:
232:
231:
230:
226:
224:
223:
218:
217:
215:
212:
208:
203:
198:
197:
192:
189:
185:
180:
175:
172:
169:
168:
165:
162:
160:Superfamily:
159:
158:
155:
152:
149:
148:
145:
142:
139:
138:
135:
132:
129:
128:
125:
122:
119:
118:
115:
112:
109:
108:
105:
102:
99:
98:
93:
88:
84:
80:
79:greylag goose
76:
72:
68:
64:
60:
55:
51:
46:
41:
33:
30:
19:
5217:
5190:
5178:
5166:
5154:
5064:(mousebirds)
5062:Coliiformes
4932:Gaviiformes
4924:Aequornithes
4832:Apodiformes
4793:Otidiformes
4769:Otidimorphae
4716:(sandgrouse)
4638:Phasianinae
4604:
4597:
4590:
4585:Odontophorus
4583:
4576:
4569:
4562:
4555:
4548:
4528:
4521:
4514:
4507:
4487:
4480:
4473:
4466:
4459:
4452:
4445:
4423:Oreophasinae
4369:
4349:
4342:
4255:
4247:(waterfowls)
4243:Anseriformes
3993:Cockfighting
3978:Conservation
3973:Bird feeding
3961:Birdwatching
3951:Ornithomancy
3891:Gansuiformes
3838:
3831:Fossil birds
3721:Intelligence
3552:the original
3547:
3543:
3528:
3517:
3497:
3493:
3475:
3472:
3456:
3445:. Retrieved
3438:the original
3424:
3399:
3393:
3380:
3355:
3351:
3337:
3312:
3308:
3299:
3291:
3276:
3272:
3256:
3241:
3232:
3207:
3201:
3169:(1): 47–58.
3166:
3162:
3156:
3137:
3132:
3107:
3101:
3063:
3053:
3043:
3030:
3008:(1): 73–86.
3005:
3001:
2995:
2978:
2974:
2961:
2950:the original
2929:
2923:
2914:
2906:
2881:
2877:
2871:
2852:
2824:
2820:
2799:. Retrieved
2792:the original
2779:
2775:
2726:
2710:Limicorallus
2708:
2706:
2698:
2693:nomen dubium
2691:
2685:
2677:
2666:
2658:
2648:
2640:
2632:
2624:
2618:Romainvillia
2616:
2611:
2605:
2597:
2589:
2581:
2575:
2567:
2561:
2545:"A." meyerii
2544:
2541:"Anas" velox
2540:
2534:
2526:
2520:
2508:
2502:
2496:
2490:
2485:
2482:"Anas" albae
2481:
2475:
2467:
2466:
2458:
2450:
2442:
2435:
2427:
2419:
2412:
2404:
2396:
2390:Anabernicula
2388:
2379:
2373:
2362:
2354:
2347:
2339:
2331:
2323:
2315:
2309:
2305:Anserobranta
2303:
2294:Megalodytes"
2293:
2284:
2279:
2273:
2265:
2258:
2247:Black swan (
2234:
2230:
2224:
2216:
2211:
2208:"A." natator
2207:
2203:
2199:
2193:
2184:
2179:
2175:
2152:Branta rhuax
2150:
2148:
2143:
2116:
2098:
2093:
2071:Marmaronetta
2069:
2063:
2057:
2049:
2041:
2033:
2027:
2022:
2016:
2008:
2000:
1992:
1986:Sarkidiornis
1984:
1972:
1967:
1957:
1949:
1941:
1935:
1929:
1913:
1889:
1879:
1871:
1863:
1854:
1840:
1832:
1824:
1816:
1808:
1800:
1788:
1782:
1778:Histrionicus
1776:
1768:
1760:
1750:Shiriyanetta
1748:
1727:
1713:
1703:Thambetochen
1701:
1689:
1683:Sibirionetta
1681:
1673:
1665:
1657:
1649:
1641:
1633:
1621:
1614:Canada goose
1602:, and other
1575:
1563:
1553:
1541:
1535:
1531:
1524:diving ducks
1516:
1492:
1486:Hymenolaimus
1484:
1476:
1468:
1456:
1444:
1436:
1428:
1416:
1404:
1399:paraphyletic
1379:
1366:
1360:
1347:
1337:
1327:
1319:
1313:
1307:
1290:
1269:Thalassornis
1267:
1259:
1253:
1244:
1224:
1217:
1211:
1205:
1181:Vegavis iaai
1179:
1167:
1159:Barbary duck
1151:
1140:
1124:
1113:
1105:
1097:
1089:
1081:
1073:
1065:
1057:
1049:
1041:
1033:
1025:
1017:
1009:
1001:
993:
965:habitat loss
942:
927:agricultural
923:
920:
880:
868:
848:
837:
805:
795:
763:
755:magpie goose
714:
712:
699:
692:
685:
678:
671:
656:
651:Marmaronetta
649:
642:
627:
612:
605:
598:
592:Sarkidiornis
590:
583:
571:
564:
557:
550:
543:
538:Hymenolaimus
536:
529:
522:
507:
500:
492:
485:
477:
470:
463:
455:(stem group)
450:
444:Thambetochen
442:
434:
427:
419:
412:
404:
397:
390:
385:Sibirionetta
383:
376:
361:
354:
347:
340:
333:
326:
321:Histrionicus
319:
312:
305:
290:
283:
276:
255:
242:Thalassornis
240:
233:
220:
194:
173:
144:Anseriformes
29:
5374:iNaturalist
5242:Wikispecies
5192:WikiProject
5102:Piciformes
4985:Australaves
4964:Suliformes
4882:Gruiformes
4737:(flamingos)
4646:Tetraoninae
4617:Phasianidae
4606:Rhynchortyx
4571:Dactylortyx
4438:Megapodidae
4428:Penelopinae
4386:Galliformes
4128:Rheiformes
4122:(ostriches)
4072:individuals
3946:Ornithology
3933:interaction
3688:Preen gland
3544:Micronesica
3315:: 102–109.
2583:Garganornis
2460:Tirarinetta
2452:Dunstanetta
2398:Brantadorna
2286:Megalodytes
2275:Cygnopterus
2218:Manuherikia
2149:Similarly,
2113:archipelago
1964:prehistoric
1881:Heteronetta
1783:Ocyplonessa
1755:prehistoric
1720:prehistoric
1708:prehistoric
1696:prehistoric
1646:, shovelers
1564:Subfamily:
1517:Subfamily:
1489:, blue duck
1451:prehistoric
1438:Salvadorina
1411:prehistoric
1380:Subfamily:
1349:Stictonetta
1291:Subfamily:
1261:Dendrocygna
1207:Dendrocygna
1198:apomorphies
1163:sample size
1094:tufted duck
994:Anas crecca
980:Systematics
859:piscivorous
851:herbivorous
824:webbed feet
723:water birds
559:Salvadorina
278:Heteronetta
257:Stictonetta
235:Dendrocygna
5497:Categories
4942:(penguins)
4795:(bustards)
4633:Perdicinae
4578:Dendrortyx
4550:Callipepla
4482:Megapodius
4447:Aepypodius
4325:Tadorninae
4307:true geese
4138:(tinamous)
4097:Neornithes
4008:Pheasantry
3983:Aviculture
3751:Incubation
3741:Lek mating
3447:2013-03-11
3250:0517032880
3144:, London.
2801:2010-01-25
2751:References
2719:Kazakhstan
2700:Eutelornis
2679:Paranyroca
2477:Aldabranas
2444:Pinpanetta
2406:Nannonetta
2364:Miotadorna
2349:Tadorninae
2344:(Pliocene)
2333:Paracygnus
2325:Afrocygnus
2317:Presbychen
2226:Dendrochen
2094:Chenonetta
2090:Maned duck
2059:Chenonetta
2051:Callonetta
2035:Asarcornis
2018:Pteronetta
1959:Cnemiornis
1914:Aix sponsa
1890:Unresolved
1834:Lophodytes
1762:Polysticta
1675:Amazonetta
1667:Speculanas
1659:Lophonetta
1532:Rhodonessa
1494:Merganetta
1478:Chloephaga
1446:Centrornis
1382:Tadorninae
1213:Amazonetta
1010:Anas acuta
988:Anatidae:
969:ruddy duck
949:threatened
887:copulation
871:monogamous
855:mergansers
778:extinction
774:threatened
766:monogamous
665:Subfamily
636:Subfamily
621:Subfamily
545:Merganetta
531:Chloephaga
518:Tadorninae
516:Subfamily
509:Rhodonessa
502:Pteronetta
494:Chenonetta
487:Callonetta
472:Asarcornis
436:Speculanas
421:Lophonetta
378:Amazonetta
356:Polysticta
328:Lophodytes
264:Subfamily
249:Subfamily
227:Subfamily
188:Type genus
150:Suborder:
75:bufflehead
18:Water fowl
5513:Waterfowl
5011:(parrots)
4855:(hoatzin)
4806:Strisores
4787:(turacos)
4779:(cuckoos)
4708:(mesites)
4627:(turkeys)
4599:Philortyx
4516:Agelastes
4509:Acryllium
4500:Numididae
4489:Talegalla
4399:gamebirds
4392:landfowls
4371:Anseranas
4335:Anhimidae
4294:Anserinae
4077:fictional
3799:dinosaurs
3794:Theropoda
3781:Evolution
3726:Migration
3708:Behaviour
3478:: 33–78.
2723:cormorant
2687:Eoneornis
2668:Chenornis
2657:(same as
2650:Guguschia
2642:Teleornis
2437:Oxyurinae
2341:Eremochen
2260:Anserinae
2121:moa-nalos
2101:subfossil
2023:Cyanochen
2002:Cyanochen
1994:Tachyeres
1968:Cereopsis
1943:Cereopsis
1936:Cereopsis
1931:Coscoroba
1920:monotypic
1911:Wood duck
1898:The rare
1826:Mergellus
1818:Bucephala
1802:Melanitta
1770:Somateria
1715:Ptaiochen
1635:Chendytes
1600:ungulates
1580:moa-nalos
1519:Aythyinae
1458:Alopochen
1406:Pachyanas
1293:Anserinae
1282:Mute swan
1190:evolution
1186:dinosaurs
1170:phylogeny
895:precocial
891:incubates
701:Coscoroba
687:Cereopsis
667:Anserinae
638:Aythyinae
600:Tachyeres
585:Cyanochen
524:Alopochen
452:Chendytes
429:Ptaiochen
363:Somateria
342:Mergellus
335:Melanitta
307:Bucephala
164:Anatoidea
110:Kingdom:
104:Eukaryota
63:mute swan
5503:Anatidae
5275:Anatidae
5262:Anatidae
5248:Anatidae
5227:Wikidata
5218:Anatidae
5156:Category
5030:Afroaves
4958:(storks)
4760:Passerea
4745:(grebes)
4681:Columbea
4592:Oreortyx
4564:Cyrtonyx
4454:Alectura
4418:Cracinae
4410:Cracidae
4287:Oxyurini
4277:Aythyini
4272:Anatinae
4256:Anatidae
4003:Falconry
3966:big year
3821:Seabirds
3731:Foraging
3678:Feathers
3526:(2010):
3515:(2010):
3465:Archived
3329:29247849
3265:Archived
3073:2246/830
3061:(1994).
3038:(1819).
2898:40166723
2739:See also
2626:Loxornis
2517:Brodkorb
2429:Wasonaka
2414:Anatinae
2382:or even
2375:Balcanas
2300:, Japan)
2280:Cygnavus
2267:Cygnavus
2195:Mionetta
2124:10
2064:Euryanas
2010:Nettapus
1857:Oxyurini
1810:Clangula
1588:mallards
1566:Anatinae
1231:Cygninae
1147:sequence
1046:garganey
936:such as
934:zoonoses
865:Breeding
833:lamellae
747:swimming
715:Anatidae
314:Clangula
272:Oxyurini
266:Anatinae
222:Nettapus
202:Linnaeus
174:Anatidae
170:Family:
124:Chordata
120:Phylum:
114:Animalia
100:Domain:
42:– recent
35:Anatidae
5168:Commons
4672:Neoaves
4557:Colinus
4523:Guttera
4461:Eulipoa
4282:Mergini
4146:(kiwis)
4130:(rheas)
3941:Ringing
3766:Hybrids
3761:Nesting
3716:Singing
3693:Plumage
3668:Dactyly
3638:Anatomy
3628:Outline
3618:: Aves)
3416:4083796
3372:3100038
3224:4089339
3124:4087184
3022:3677097
2946:4089612
2925:The Auk
2728:Eonessa
2591:Matanas
2421:Sinanas
2380:Tadorna
2157:Hawaiʻi
2130:Miocene
2029:Cairina
1966:) – as
1951:Biziura
1873:Nomonyx
1855:Tribe:
1847:extinct
1795:extinct
1730:Mergini
1728:Tribe:
1643:Spatula
1628:extinct
1596:turtles
1548:extinct
1509:mallard
1507:A male
1470:Neochen
1463:extinct
1423:extinct
1418:Tadorna
1219:Cairina
1155:hybrids
1014:mallard
998:gadwall
953:endemic
945:extinct
820:petrels
607:Biziura
566:Tadorna
552:Neochen
479:Cairina
399:Spatula
372:Anatini
301:Mergini
285:Nomonyx
154:Anseres
140:Order:
130:Class:
59:mallard
5480:136973
5454:765193
5438:NZOR:
5405:174983
5392:104622
5327:1ANAXF
5180:Portal
5056:(owls)
4530:Numida
4468:Leipoa
4351:Chauna
4344:Anhima
4039:Genera
4013:Imping
3931:Human
3771:Colony
3698:Vision
3683:Flight
3414:
3370:
3327:
3283:
3248:
3222:
3148:
3122:
3020:
2944:
2896:
2859:
2833:
2713:(from
2522:Aythya
2486:Mergus
2298:Annaka
2117:Branta
2105:Kauaʻi
1865:Oxyura
1842:Mergus
1829:, smew
1651:Mareca
1555:Aythya
1430:Radjah
1329:Branta
1309:Cygnus
1241:Genera
1235:clades
1227:tribes
1216:, and
1177:fossil
1127:family
816:grebes
812:flight
751:genera
733:, and
719:family
694:Cygnus
680:Branta
644:Aythya
573:Radjah
406:Mareca
370:Tribe
349:Mergus
299:Tribe
292:Oxyura
270:Tribe
219:Genus
211:Genera
204:, 1758
181:, 1819
77:, and
5475:WoRMS
5467:39624
5387:IRMNG
5340:10712
5233:Q7556
4300:swans
4262:ducks
4232:fowls
4027:Lists
3651:Brain
3616:class
3612:Birds
3555:(PDF)
3540:(PDF)
3441:(PDF)
3434:(PDF)
3412:JSTOR
3390:(PDF)
3368:JSTOR
3348:(PDF)
3305:(PDF)
3220:JSTOR
3198:(PDF)
3120:JSTOR
3098:(PDF)
3018:JSTOR
2971:(PDF)
2953:(PDF)
2942:JSTOR
2920:(PDF)
2894:JSTOR
2795:(PDF)
2772:(PDF)
2292:"cf.
2161:Oʻahu
2099:From
1543:Netta
1536:Netta
1391:Male
1321:Anser
1302:geese
1298:swans
1144:mtDNA
930:pests
911:coots
907:gulls
883:penis
776:with
753:(the
743:birds
735:swans
731:geese
727:ducks
673:Anser
658:Netta
179:Leach
5431:8830
5426:NCBI
5400:ITIS
5379:6912
5366:2986
5361:GBIF
5322:EPPO
5314:8027
5288:1436
5283:BOLD
3673:Eggs
3661:milk
3656:Crop
3646:Beak
3325:PMID
3281:ISBN
3246:ISBN
3146:ISBN
2857:ISBN
2831:ISBN
2032:and
1623:Anas
1576:Anas
1511:duck
1314:Olor
1086:smew
909:and
828:Nene
713:The
392:Anas
196:Anas
134:Aves
5413:NBN
5309:EoL
5301:6D5
5296:CoL
5270:AFD
5257:ADW
3502:doi
3498:279
3404:doi
3395:Auk
3360:doi
3317:doi
3313:122
3212:doi
3208:116
3203:Auk
3171:doi
3112:doi
3108:103
3103:Auk
3069:hdl
3010:doi
2983:doi
2934:doi
2930:117
2886:doi
2821:In:
2784:doi
2780:323
2126:mya
2043:Aix
1594:of
1401:.)
1108:),
1100:),
1092:),
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1076:),
1068:),
1060:),
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