108:, which gain their buoyancy from the fastening together of components that are each buoyant in their own right. Generally, a raft is a "flow through" structures, whose users would have difficulty keeping dry as it passes through waves. Consequently, apart from short journeys (such as a river crossing) their use is confined to warmer regions (roughly 40° N to 40° S). Outside this area, use of rafts at sea are impracticable due to the risks of exposure to the crew. Rafts divide into a number of types bundle raft can be made from, for example,
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Any one watercraft might use more than one of these methods at different times or in conjunction with each other. For instance, early steamships often set sails to work alongside the engine power. Before steam tugs became common, sailing vessels would
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and racing vessels, and the degree of seaworthiness varies according to the bodies of water on which a watercraft is used. Regulations apply to larger watercraft, to avoid
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whose power is derived from burning a fuel or stored energy such as batteries. This power is commonly converted into propulsion by
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Seamanship in the Age of Sail: an account of the shiphandling of the sailing man-of-war 1600–1860, based on contemporary sources
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Water power is used by drifting with a river current or a tidal stream. An anchor or weight may be lowered to provide enough
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their sails to maintain a good position in a tidal stream while drifting with the tide in or out of a river. In a modern
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at sea and other problems. Design technologies include the use of
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Early ships and seafaring : water transport beyond Europe
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Towing is used, either from the land, such as the bank of a
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Watercraft propulsion can be divided into five categories.
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Early ships and seafaring : European water transport
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that has been tied into bundles. These can even be shaped
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295:pushing against the bottom of shallow water, or
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561:A History of Recreational Small Watercraft
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106:Rafts
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