Knowledge (XXG)

We do not rule based on categorical inferences in monetary cases

Source 📝

308:) is meant "inference about the specific from evidence about its category." In the classic example, the decisor may not infer that a particular individual purchased an ox for the purpose of plowing with it, despite a stipulation that most purchasers share that purpose. The monetary exception emerges from conflict between the general principle of categorical inference, wherein doubt about specific data can be resolved by evidence for a stipulation about the wider category, and the 177: 63: 22: 542:
Later commentators discuss two general difficulties with this principle. First, its apparent conflicts with another statement (Qiddushin 80a), "The Rabbis say: Between a categorical inference and a presumption, the categorical inference wins out." Second,
35: 217:, is a useful starting point for translations, but translators must revise errors as necessary and confirm that the translation is accurate, rather than simply copy-pasting machine-translated text into the English Knowledge (XXG). 419:
do not conflict or relate to categorical inferences, and are only explained to conflict and relate by a later editor seeking to source the two positions on categorical inferences in monetary cases. A second example appears on
250: 41: 474:
If a woman is widowed or divorced, and she claims she married her husband a virgin, but he or his heirs claim she married him already a widow if there are witnesses that she married him a virgin she is entitled to
189: 334:
The remit of this exclusion is disputed, with some commentators and decisors arguing it is only in exceptional circumstances that the principle of categorical inference is not applied to monetary cases. The
450:
Even if these vessels are distinguished by most, we do not make a categorical inference about the purchaser, so if he requests one and receives the other he is not entitled to restitution.
331:. According to Abba b. Aybo, we rule based on categorical inferences in monetary cases; for practical purposes, the halakha follows Samuel of Nehardea, who takes the opposite view. 534:
93a. In the Bavli, the Stam is uncertain whether any of these cases should be interpreted to imply the principle that categorical inferences may not be used on monetary cases.
139: 111: 118: 125: 107: 488:
If an ox gores a cow and her fetus is found beside her, the owner of the ox is liable for the death of the cow and half-liable for the death of the fetus.
822: 397: 373: 220:
Do not translate text that appears unreliable or low-quality. If possible, verify the text with references provided in the foreign-language article.
228: 754:
here refers not to a categorical inference but rather to a literal majority of deciders on the case. It is used by commentators as an example of
132: 87:
of the topic and provide significant coverage of it beyond a mere trivial mention. If notability cannot be shown, the article is likely to be
579:), and an exact percentage can be stipulated, inferences about the category may be used even for monetary rulings. Isserlein concedes that 558: 313: 276: 158: 49: 84: 241:
Content in this edit is translated from the existing Hebrew Knowledge (XXG) article at ]; see its history for attribution.
80: 96: 557:
argue that neither parallel applies to cases where there is a conflict with the principle of possession, wherein
236: 257: 73: 571:
held that this principle is only applied to cases where the category is uncountable (רובא דליתיה קמן lit.
545: 92: 580: 575:); in cases in which all examples of the category are available for inspection (רובא דאיתיה קמן lit. 88: 550: 416: 403: 381: 352: 328: 232: 584: 568: 466: 614: 564: 300:. According to this principle, a categorical inference is not sufficient evidence for the 292:(Hebrew: אין הולכין בממון אחר הרוב; Aramaic: לא אזלינן בתר רובא בממונא) is a principle in 433:
call its subject a jug in one sentence, and then that same subject an amphora in another?
768: 690: 406:
says, "We make categorical inferences in ritual cases, but we do not in monetary cases."
792: 499:
says, "This teaches: We do not rule based on categorical inferences in monetary cases."
816: 522: 513: 412: 393: 369: 348: 506: 309: 525:
says, "Only in this one monetary case do we rule based on categorical inferences."
480:
Why should she have to prove she was married to a virgin? Most brides are virgins!
324: 483:
This teaches: We do not rule based on categorical inferences in monetary cases.
531: 421: 356: 297: 561:, and that it is these cases to which the Talmud refers as "monetary cases". 503: 639: 735: 400:, because most purchase for plowing and we make a categorical inference." 663: 441:
says, "A jug is the same as an amphora for the purposes of contract law."
438: 714: 587:
disagreed and did not permit inferences based on countable categories.
559:
the burden of proof is on any claimant seeking reallocation of property
554: 430: 364:
If one sells an ox to his fellow and is discovered to gore habitually:
336: 314:
the burden of proof is on any claimant seeking reallocation of property
293: 239:
to the source of your translation. A model attribution edit summary is
496: 320: 493:
Do most cows miscarry? Infer that the goring caused the miscarriage!
301: 290:"We do not rule based on categorical inferences in monetary cases" 108:"We do not rule based on categorical inferences in monetary cases" 460:
We do not rule based on categorical inferences in monetary cases.
79:
Please help to demonstrate the notability of the topic by citing
715:"המוכר שור לחברו ונמצא נגחן (דפים צב ע"א וצב ע"ב) – ספריית אסיף" 517:
among the camels, and one camel is found dead, is held liable."
214: 170: 56: 15: 339:
state that the principle is followed in most monetary cases.
304:
to reallocate property. By "categorical inference" (רוב lit.
384:
says, " may say to , 'I sold it to you for slaughter'."
411:
Dotan Arad has argued that the original statements by
465:
This principle is cited several further times in the
210: 530:These cases are also discussed in the Bavli, on b. 553:, where categorical inferences are permitted. 235:accompanying your translation by providing an 201:Click for important translation instructions. 188:expand this article with text translated from 8: 247:{{Translated|he|אין הולכין בממון אחר הרוב}} 50:Learn how and when to remove these messages 347:The classic source is the dispute between 277:Learn how and when to remove this message 159:Learn how and when to remove this message 631: 596: 758:from capital cases to monetary cases. 7: 685: 683: 469:, on Ketubot 9a and Bava Qamma 23b: 612:In the version on Bava Qamma 23b: 319:The principle is the subject of a 14: 312:principle of possession, wherein 31:This article has multiple issues. 175: 61: 20: 823:Talmud concepts and terminology 769:"Rashbam on Bava Batra 93a:9:1" 691:"Tosafot on Bava Kamma 27b:1:1" 573:majority which is not before us 72:may not meet Knowledge (XXG)'s 39:or discuss these issues on the 793:"Terumat HaDeshen, Part I 314" 245:You may also add the template 1: 74:general notability guideline 577:majority which is before us 258:Knowledge (XXG):Translation 839: 209:Machine translation, like 81:reliable secondary sources 70:The topic of this article 190:the corresponding article 538:Rishonic understandings 256:For more guidance, see 528: 463: 409: 398:vitiating circumstance 374:vitiating circumstance 756:argumentum a fortiori 546:argumentum a fortiori 471: 426: 361: 229:copyright attribution 581:Mordechai b. Hillel 296:followed by Jewish 640:"Bava Batra 92b:3" 497:Abbahu of Caesaria 417:Samuel of Nehardea 404:Samuel of Nehardea 382:Samuel of Nehardea 353:Samuel of Nehardea 329:Samuel of Nehardea 237:interlanguage link 76: 736:"Sanhedrin 3b:13" 287: 286: 279: 269: 268: 202: 198: 169: 168: 161: 143: 71: 54: 830: 807: 806: 804: 803: 789: 783: 782: 780: 779: 765: 759: 749: 747: 746: 732: 726: 725: 723: 722: 711: 705: 704: 702: 701: 687: 678: 677: 675: 674: 664:"Bava Kamma 27b" 660: 654: 653: 651: 650: 636: 619: 610: 604: 601: 569:Israel Isserlein 511:"If a camel was 467:Jerusalem Talmud 455:This teaches us: 343:Talmudic Sources 323:dispute between 282: 275: 248: 242: 215:Google Translate 200: 196: 179: 178: 171: 164: 157: 153: 150: 144: 142: 101: 65: 64: 57: 46: 24: 23: 16: 838: 837: 833: 832: 831: 829: 828: 827: 813: 812: 811: 810: 801: 799: 797:www.sefaria.org 791: 790: 786: 777: 775: 773:www.sefaria.org 767: 766: 762: 744: 742: 740:www.sefaria.org 734: 733: 729: 720: 718: 713: 712: 708: 699: 697: 695:www.sefaria.org 689: 688: 681: 672: 670: 668:www.sefaria.org 662: 661: 657: 648: 646: 644:www.sefaria.org 638: 637: 633: 628: 623: 622: 611: 607: 602: 598: 593: 585:Isaac b. Samuel 540: 345: 283: 272: 271: 270: 265: 264: 263: 246: 240: 203: 180: 176: 165: 154: 148: 145: 102: 100: 78: 66: 62: 25: 21: 12: 11: 5: 836: 834: 826: 825: 815: 814: 809: 808: 784: 760: 750:Note that רוב 727: 706: 679: 655: 630: 629: 627: 624: 621: 620: 615:Yose b. Zevida 605: 595: 594: 592: 589: 565:Samuel b. Meir 539: 536: 527: 526: 501: 500: 494: 485: 484: 481: 462: 461: 452: 451: 443: 442: 408: 407: 401: 386: 385: 379: 344: 341: 285: 284: 267: 266: 262: 261: 254: 243: 221: 218: 207: 204: 185: 184: 183: 181: 174: 167: 166: 69: 67: 60: 55: 29: 28: 26: 19: 13: 10: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 835: 824: 821: 820: 818: 798: 794: 788: 785: 774: 770: 764: 761: 757: 753: 741: 737: 731: 728: 716: 710: 707: 696: 692: 686: 684: 680: 669: 665: 659: 656: 645: 641: 635: 632: 625: 618: 616: 609: 606: 603:See also: 46b 600: 597: 590: 588: 586: 582: 578: 574: 570: 566: 562: 560: 556: 555:The Tosafists 552: 551:capital cases 548: 547: 537: 535: 533: 524: 521: 520: 519: 518: 516: 515: 508: 505: 498: 495: 492: 491: 490: 489: 482: 479: 478: 477: 476: 470: 468: 459: 458: 457: 456: 449: 448: 447: 446: 440: 437: 436: 435: 434: 432: 429:Why does the 425: 423: 418: 414: 405: 402: 399: 396:says, " is a 395: 392: 391: 390: 389: 383: 380: 378: 375: 372:says, " is a 371: 368: 367: 366: 365: 360: 358: 354: 350: 342: 340: 338: 332: 330: 326: 322: 317: 315: 311: 307: 303: 299: 295: 291: 281: 278: 259: 255: 252: 244: 238: 234: 230: 226: 222: 219: 216: 212: 208: 206: 205: 199: 193: 191: 186:You can help 182: 173: 172: 163: 160: 152: 141: 138: 134: 131: 127: 124: 120: 117: 113: 110: –  109: 105: 104:Find sources: 98: 94: 90: 86: 82: 75: 68: 59: 58: 53: 51: 44: 43: 38: 37: 32: 27: 18: 17: 800:. Retrieved 796: 787: 776:. Retrieved 772: 763: 755: 751: 743:. Retrieved 739: 730: 719:. Retrieved 709: 698:. Retrieved 694: 671:. Retrieved 667: 658: 647:. Retrieved 643: 634: 613: 608: 599: 576: 572: 563: 544: 541: 529: 512: 510: 502: 487: 486: 473: 472: 464: 454: 453: 445: 444: 428: 427: 413:Abba b. Aybo 410: 394:Abba b. Aybo 388: 387: 376: 370:Abba b. Aybo 363: 362: 349:Abba b. Aybo 346: 333: 325:Abba b. Aybo 318: 310:contract-law 305: 289: 288: 273: 233:edit summary 224: 197:(March 2021) 195: 187: 155: 146: 136: 129: 122: 115: 103: 47: 40: 34: 33:Please help 30: 717:(in Hebrew) 85:independent 802:2021-04-01 778:2021-04-01 745:2021-03-25 721:2021-03-25 700:2021-03-22 673:2021-03-22 649:2021-03-22 626:References 532:Bava Batra 422:Bava Kamma 357:Bava Batra 149:April 2021 119:newspapers 93:redirected 36:improve it 514:in estrus 337:Tosafists 298:batei din 251:talk page 192:in Hebrew 83:that are 42:talk page 817:Category 752:majority 509:a says: 321:Talmudic 306:majority 227:provide 431:mishnah 302:decisor 294:halakha 249:to the 231:in the 194:. 133:scholar 97:deleted 135:  128:  121:  114:  106:  89:merged 617:says, 591:Notes 549:from 439:Pappa 211:DeepL 140:JSTOR 126:books 95:, or 583:and 567:and 523:Abin 424:27a: 415:and 359:92b: 351:and 327:and 225:must 223:You 112:news 355:on 213:or 819:: 795:. 771:. 738:. 693:. 682:^ 666:. 642:. 377:." 316:. 91:, 45:. 805:. 781:. 748:. 724:. 703:. 676:. 652:. 507:ḥ 504:A 475:. 280:) 274:( 260:. 253:. 162:) 156:( 151:) 147:( 137:· 130:· 123:· 116:· 99:. 77:. 52:) 48:(

Index

improve it
talk page
Learn how and when to remove these messages
general notability guideline
reliable secondary sources
independent
merged
redirected
deleted
"We do not rule based on categorical inferences in monetary cases"
news
newspapers
books
scholar
JSTOR
Learn how and when to remove this message
the corresponding article
DeepL
Google Translate
copyright attribution
edit summary
interlanguage link
talk page
Knowledge (XXG):Translation
Learn how and when to remove this message
halakha
batei din
decisor
contract-law
the burden of proof is on any claimant seeking reallocation of property

Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.