Wearable computer - Knowledge (XXG)

707:. The symposium was a full academic conference with published proceedings and papers ranging from sensors and new hardware to new applications for wearable computers, with 382 people registered for the event. In 1998, the Microelectronic and Computer Technology Corporation created the Wearable Electronics consortial program for industrial companies in the U.S. to rapidly develop wearable computers. The program preceded the MCC Heterogeneous Component Integration Study, an investigation of the technology, infrastructure, and business challenges surrounding the continued development and integration of micro-electro-mechanical systems (MEMS) with other system components. 1428:

other professions. With an increase in wearable devices, privacy and security issues can be very important, especially when it comes to health devices. Also, the FDA considers wearable devices as "general wellness products". In the US, wearable devices are not under any Federal laws, but regulatory law like Protected Health Information (PHI) is the subject to regulation which is handled by the Office for Civil Rights (OCR). The devices with sensors can create security issues as the companies have to be more alert to protect the public data. The issue with cybersecurity of these devices are the regulations are not that strict in the US. Likewise, the

660:'s augmented-reality system known as KARMA (Knowledge-based Augmented Reality for Maintenance Assistance). Users would wear a Private Eye display over one eye, giving an overlay effect when the real world was viewed with both eyes open. KARMA would overlay wireframe schematics and maintenance instructions on top of whatever was being repaired. For example, graphical wireframes on top of a laser printer would explain how to change the paper tray. The system used sensors attached to objects in the physical world to determine their locations, and the entire system ran tethered from a desktop computer. 671:, debuted a "wrist computer." Their system presented an alternative approach to the emerging head-up display plus chord keyboard wearable. The system was built from a modified HP 95LX palmtop computer and a Half-QWERTY one-handed keyboard. With the keyboard and display modules strapped to the operator's forearms, text could be entered by bringing the wrists together and typing. The same technology was used by IBM researchers to create the half-keyboard "belt computer. Also in 1994, Mik Lamming and Mike Flynn at 1110:. Has one M-PCI slot and one PCMCIA slot for expansion. CPU used is a 600 MHz Pentium 3 factory under clocked to 300 MHz so it can stay cool passively as it has no fan. Micro DIM RAM is upgradeable. The screen can be used wirelessly on other computers. The brick would communicate wirelessly to the screen, and concurrently the brick would communicate wirelessly out to the internet or other networks. The wearable brick was quietly pulled from the market in 2005, while the screen evolved to a 787: 622: 146: 1578: 5744: 4996: 880: 1609: 5006: 309: 993: 5016: 1463: 33: 1375: 1445:

these technologies luxury accessories and there may be peer pressure within a group to own similar products. These products raise challenges of social and moral discipline. For instance, wearing a smart watch can be a way to fit in with standards in male-dominated fields, where femininity may be perceived as unprofessional.

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Wearable technologies like smart glasses can also raise cultural and social issues. Although wearable technologies can make life easier and more enjoyable, some devices (e.g.: Bluetooth headphones) can make people more dependent on technology than on interaction with nearby humans. Society considers

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demonstrated the Forget-Me-Not, a wearable device that would record interactions with people and devices and store this information in a database for later query. It interacted via wireless transmitters in rooms and with equipment in the area to remember who was there, who was being talked to on the

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camera) to integrated capture (ex-prototype AI data glove from Zack Freedman.) For some people, the main idea could be to build computers integrated with the AR system which will be controlled with ergonomic controllers. It will make a universal machine that can be as portable as a mobile phone and

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Greater response to commercialization has been found in creating devices with designated purposes rather than all-purpose. One example is the WSS1000. The WSS1000 is a wearable computer designed to make the work of inventory employees easier and more efficient. The device allows workers to scan the

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One main domain of future research could be the method of control. Today computers are commonly controlled through the keyboard and the mouse, which could change in the future. For example, the words per minute rate on a keyboard could be statistically improved with a BEPO layout. Ergonomics could

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which helps patients with diabetes to help them keep track of exercise related data. A number of people think wearable technology as a new trend; however, companies have been trying to develop or design wearable technologies for decades. The spotlight has more recently been focused on new types of

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and other prosthetics. They are used most often in research that focuses on behavioral modeling, health monitoring systems, IT and media development, where the person wearing the computer actually moves or is otherwise engaged with his or her surroundings. Wearable computers have been used for the

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Wearable technology comes with many challenges, like data security, trust issues, and regulatory and ethical issues. After 2010, wearable technologies have been seen more as a technology focused mostly on fitness. They have been used with the potential to improve the operations of health and many

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Wearables are typically worn on the wrist (e.g. fitness trackers), hung from the neck (like a necklace), strapped to the arm or leg (smartphones when exercising), or on the head (as glasses or a helmet), though some have been located elsewhere (e.g. on a finger or in a shoe). Devices carried in a

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Consequently, the lack of specific regulations for wearable devices, specifically medical devices, increases the risk of threats and other vulnerabilities. For instance, Google Glass raised major privacy risks with wearable computer technology; Congress investigated the privacy risks related to

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approach to wearable and carryable computers, with the goal of producing a variety of products including computers, radios, navigation systems and human-computer interfaces that have both military and commercial use. In July 1996, DARPA went on to host the "Wearables in 2005" workshop, bringing

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stood for Personal Media Appliance. The project failed for a few reasons though the top reasons are that the equipment was expensive and clunky. The user would wear a head-mounted optical piece, a CPU that could be clipped onto clothing, and a mini keyboard that was attached to the user's arm.

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in June 1961, but hardware issues with the speaker wires prevented it from being used beyond test runs. This was not a wearable computer because it could not be re-purposed during use; rather it was an example of task-specific hardware. This work was kept secret until it was first mentioned in

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The wearable computer was introduced to the US Army in 1989 as a small computer that was meant to assist soldiers in battle. Since then, the concept has grown to include the Land Warrior program and proposal for future systems. The most extensive military program in the wearables arena is the

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of items and immediately enter the information into the company system. This removed the need for carrying a clipboard, removed error and confusion from hand written notes, and allowed workers the freedom of both hands while working; the system improves accuracy as well as efficiency.

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voice commands. Google Glass received criticism over privacy and safety concerns. On 15 January 2015, Google announced that it would stop producing the Google Glass prototype but would continue to develop the product. According to Google, Project Glass was ready to "graduate" from

767:, which began a successful franchise of wearable cameras. The cameras can be worn atop the head or around the wrist and are shock and waterproof. GoPro cameras are used by many athletes and extreme sports enthusiasts, a trend that became very apparent during the early 2010s. 589:

VuMan 1 was developed as part of a Summer-term course at Carnegie Mellon's Engineering Design Research Center, and was intended for viewing house blueprints. Input was through a three-button unit worn on the belt, and output was through Reflection Tech's Private Eye. The

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was then stored on Google's cloud servers, giving them access to the data. They also raised questions regarding women's security as they allowed stalkers or harassers to take intrusive pictures of women's bodies by wearing the Glass without any fear of getting caught.

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also change the results with split keyboards and minimalist keyboards (which use one key for more than one letter or symbol). The extreme could be the Plover and steno keyboard that allow the use of very few keys, pressing more than one at the same time for a letter.

921:, a headset launched in 2014, is a wearable that stimulates the brain with mild electrical pulses, causing the wearer to feel energized or calm based on input into a phone app. The device is attached to the temple and to the back of the neck with an adhesive strip. 1448:

Despite the fact that the demand for this technology is increasing, one of the biggest challenges is the price. For example, as of March 2023, the price of an Apple Watch ranges from $ 249 to $ 1,749, which for a normal consumer can be prohibitively expensive.

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The development of wearable items has taken several steps of miniaturization from discrete electronics over hybrid designs to fully integrated designs, where just one processor chip, a battery, and some interface conditioning items make the whole unit.

1129:. An early version of the device was available to the US public from April 2013 until January 2015. Despite ending sales of the device through their Explorer Program, Google has stated that they plan to continue developing the technology. 931:) sensing devices, BrainLink Pro and BrainLink Lite in 2014, which allows families and meditation students to enhance the mental fitness and stress relief with 20+ brain fitness enhancement Apps on Apple and Android App Stores. 1436:

consumers using Google Glass and how they use the data. The product can be used to track not only the users of the product but others around them, particularly without them being aware. Nonetheless, all the data captured with

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released their take on the smartwatch, known as the Apple Watch. The Apple Watch features a touchscreen, many applications, and a heart-rate sensor. The Apple Watch would later become the most popular wristwatch in the world.

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In the late 2000s, various Chinese companies began producing mobile phones in the form of wristwatches, the descendants of which as of 2013 include the i5 and i6, which are GSM phones with 1.8-inch displays, and the

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Provide various abilities and information, such as data about the wearer, a vicinity map, a flashlight, a communicator, a poison detector or an enemy-tracking device. Examples included are the Pip-Boy 3000 from the

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Many technologies for wearable computers derive their ideas from science fiction. There are many examples of ideas from popular movies that have become technologies or are technologies currently being developed.

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bankruptcy protection amid financial scandal and federal investigation. Xybernaut emerged from bankruptcy protection in January, 2007. ViA, Inc. filed for bankruptcy in 2001 and subsequently ceased operations.

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telephone, and what objects were in the room, allowing queries like "Who came by my office while I was on the phone to Mark?". As with the Toronto system, Forget-Me-Not was not based on a head-mounted display.

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J. Peter Bade, G.Q. Maguire Jr., and David F. Bantz, The IBM/Columbia Student Electronic Notebook Project, IBM, T. J. Watson Research Lab., Yorktown Heights, NY, 29 June 1990. (The work was first shown at the

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Devices that display usable, tactile interfaces that can be manipulated in front of the user. Examples include the glove-operated hologram computer featured at the Pre-Crime headquarters in the beginning of

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campaign to raise $ 100,000 for their initial smartwatch model. The campaign ended on 18 May with $ 10,266,844, over 100 times the fundraising target. Pebble released several smartwatches, including the

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coupled with a handheld or a touchscreen worn on the arm. The "Brick" Computer is the CF-07 Toughbook, dual batteries, screen used same batteries as the base, 800 x 600 resolution, optional GPS and

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designed and built a backpack-mounted 6502-based wearable multimedia computer with text, graphics, and multimedia capability, as well as video capability (cameras and other photographic systems).

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Mann, Steve (2012): Wearable Computing. In: Soegaard, Mads and Dam, Rikke Friis (eds.). "Encyclopedia of Human-Computer Interaction". Aarhus, Denmark: The Interaction-Design.org Foundation.

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in 1571, as a New Year present; it may have been worn on the forearm rather than the wrist. She also possessed a 'finger-watch' set in a ring, with an alarm that prodded her finger.

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Augmented reality allows a new generation of display. As opposed to virtual reality, the user does not exist in a virtual world, but information is superimposed on the real world.

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Katherine Watier (19 April 2003). "Marketing Wearable Computers to Consumers: An Examination of Early Adopter Consumers' Feelings and Attitudes Toward Wearable Computers".

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Thomas, B.; Demczuk, V.; Piekarski, W.; Hepworth, D.; Gunther, B. (October 1998). "A wearable computer system with augmented reality to support terrestrial navigation".

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together industrial, university, and military visionaries to work on the common theme of delivering computing to the individual. A follow-up conference was hosted by

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of the roulette wheel to bet on by sending musical tones via radio to a miniature speaker hidden in a collaborator's ear canal. The system was successfully tested in

1429: 1043:, a computer in a (fairly large) wristwatch, to mediocre returns. In 2001, IBM developed and publicly displayed two prototypes for a wristwatch computer running 700: 1241:

A wearable exoskeleton that provides protection to its wearer and is typically equipped with powerful weapons and a computer system. Examples include numerous

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connectivity and which can run a number of custom applications. In 2013, a wearable computing device on the wrist to control body temperature was developed at

363:, was hailed as the father of the wearable computer and the ISSCC's first virtual panelist, by moderator Woodward Yang of Harvard University (Cambridge Mass.). 1852: 3503:

Sultan, Nabil (1 October 2015). "Reflective thoughts on the potential and challenges of wearable technology for healthcare provision and medical education".

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In 1998, Steve Mann invented and built the world's first smartwatch. It was featured on the cover of Linux Journal in 2000, and demonstrated at ISSCC 2000.

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in August 1996, where plans were finalized to create a new academic conference on wearable computing. In October 1997, Carnegie Mellon University, MIT, and

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across the visual field using a vibrating mirror. This display gave rise to several hobbyist and research wearables, including Gerald "Chip" Maguire's

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Matias, Edgar; MacKenzie, I. Scott; Buxton, William (1996). "A wearable computer for use in microgravity space and other non-desktop environments".

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line since 1996 and has extensive market research into the field of portable, wearable computing products. In 2002, Panasonic introduced a wearable

433:. One such timer was concealed in a shoe and another in a pack of cigarettes. Various versions of this apparatus were built in the 1960s and 1970s. 5779: 343:

However, a general-purpose computer is not merely a time-keeping or calculating device, but rather a user-programmable item for arbitrary complex

898:(OHMD) to a test group of users in 2013, before it became available to the public on 15 May 2014. Google's mission was to produce a mass-market 4749: 4721: 2069:

Paolillo, Emily W.; Lee, Shannon Y.; VandeBunte, Anna; Djukic, Nina; Fonseca, Corrina; Kramer, Joel H.; Casaletto, Kaitlin B. (10 June 2022).

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Thorp refers to himself as the inventor of the first "wearable computer" In other variations, the system was a concealed cigarette-pack-sized

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controlled by gestures. It may be that specialized wearables will evolve into general all-in-one devices, as happened with the convergence of

4774: 3958: 3606: 1976: 1088: 726:. This work was first published internationally in 2000 at the ISWC conference. The work was carried out at the Wearable Computer Lab in the 586:. Later versions incorporated additional equipment from Park Engineering. The system debuted at "The Lap and Palmtop Expo" on 16 April 1991. 3791: 2623: 173:

sensory integration, e.g. to help people see better or understand the world better (whether in task-specific applications like camera-based

5794: 4625: 1385: 656:"Tin Lizzy" wearable computer design, and Starner went on to become one of the founders of MIT's wearable computing project. 1993 also saw 390: 153:

Wearable computers are not only limited to computers such as fitness trackers that are worn on wrists; they also include wearables such as

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Microsoft, (3 August 2011), Dressing for the Future: Microsoft Duo Breaks Through with Wearable Technology Concept, Microsoft News Center

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Wearable computing is the subject of active research, especially the form-factor and location on the body, with areas of study including

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O'Donoghue, John; Herbert, John (2012). "Data Management within mHealth Environments: Patient Sensors, Mobile Devices, and Databases".

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Mann, S. (1997). "An historical account of the 'WearComp' and 'WearCam' inventions developed for applications in 'personal imaging'".

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went on to be an early and active researcher in the wearables field, especially known for his 1994 creation of the Wearable Wireless

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Andre F. Marion, Edward A. Heinsen, Robert Chin, and Bennie E. Helmso, wrist instrument Opens New Dimension in Personal Information

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Some advanced VR headsets require the user to wear a desktop-sized computer as a backpack to enable them to move around freely.

4407: 2999: 1059:. Its release date was set for summer of 2003, but was delayed several times and was finally made available on 5 January 2005. 693: 564: 4660: 2653:

Matias, Edgar; MacKenzie, I. Scott; Buxton, William (1994). "Half-QWERTY: Typing with one hand using your two-handed skills".

2071:"Wearable Use in an Observational Study Among Older Adults: Adherence, Feasibility, and Effects of Clinicodemographic Factors" 479:

A camera-to-tactile vest for the blind, launched by C.C. Collins in 1977, converted images into a 1024-point, ten-inch square

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of England, or the covert timing devices hidden in shoes to cheat at roulette by Thorp and Shannon in the 1960s and 1970s.

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for embedded devices; most of the Smartband that is currently available in the market is based on FreeRTOS, which include

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that must be paired with an Android phone. Once paired, it becomes an additional remote display and notification tool.

5804: 5784: 5009: 4744: 4249: 907: 821:, released in September 2010, has a wristband attachment available to convert it into a wearable wristwatch computer. 741:, Warwick's wife, Irena, wore a necklace which was electronically linked to Warwick's nervous system via an implanted 269:

is a lightweight open source real-time operating system which is part of Huawei's "1+2+1" Internet of Things solution.

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has thus far been met with limited success. Publicly traded Xybernaut tried forging alliances with companies such as

51:, is a computing device worn on the body. The definition of 'wearable computer' may be narrow or broad, extending to 3915: 3284: 5492: 4981: 4630: 1786: 1655: 1209: 969:, an AR headset with a computer built in that has a screen on the front, allowing others to see the wearer's face. 853: 825: 775: 607: 545: 111: 95: 1484: 5809: 4999: 4926: 4901: 4764: 4412: 4025: 1943: 1817: 1676: 332:, the first wearable computer could be as early as the first abacus on a necklace, a 16th-century abacus ring, a 248: 3051: 4850: 4683: 4276: 4145: 3208: 3124: 1023:

in order to make wearable computing widely available, and managed to get their equipment seen on such shows as

745:. The color of the necklace changed between red and blue dependent on the signals on Warwick's nervous system. 704: 469: 2924: 2883: 5729: 5540: 5152: 5038: 4911: 4845: 4736: 4552: 4219: 2128: 1832: 1827: 1219: 997: 845: 591: 445: 279:(there was an announcement in May 2021 that Wear OS and Tizen OS will merge and will be called simply Wear.) 3994: 2543: 649: 5502: 5202: 4976: 4807: 4688: 4455: 4445: 4440: 2843: 2454: 1317: 1280: 1172: 1167: 928: 382: 3985: 2522: 1924: 1139:

produce earbud wearables measuring heart rate and other biometrics, as well as various activity metrics.

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that states a Knowledge (XXG) editor's personal feelings or presents an original argument about a topic.

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Zero and Pi 4, while others are more expensive but more similar to a normal PC, like the Hackboard and

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Computer Solutions Company's product failed. Panasonic has specialized in mobile computing with their

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The History of Wearable Tech: From Calculator Watches to VR Headsets, Social Media Week, 5 April 2018

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Revue de l'Institut International de Statistique / Review of the International Statistical Institute

1103: 652:, and the Twiddler chording keyboard made by Handykey. Many iterations later this system became the 444:

hidden in his shoes to indicate the speed of the roulette wheel, and the computer would indicate an

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monitors. Under the definition of wearable computers, we also include novel user interfaces such as

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followed in the late 1970s, being somewhat more general-purpose computers. The HP-01 algebraic

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These displays can be easily portable, such as the Vufine+. Other are quite massive, like the

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Wearables may be for general use, in which case they are just a particularly small example of

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C.C. Collins, L.A. Scadden, and A.B. Alden, "Mobile Studies with a Tactile Imaging Device,"

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system. There are also researches for increasing the reliability of terrestrial navigation.

1300: 1052: 966: 621: 595: 579: 560: 473: 449: 410: 118: 63: 3238: 2244: 1536:(SBC) are improving in performance and becoming cheaper. Some boards are cheap such as the 145: 5700: 5690: 5680: 5517: 5497: 5409: 5209: 5182: 4860: 4754: 4726: 4620: 4572: 4557: 4542: 4397: 4392: 4339: 4229: 4203: 4155: 4100: 3765: 2765: 2742: 1881: 1822: 1796: 1791: 1736: 1198: 1008: 835: 742: 437: 422: 67: 3381:"The LG LifeBand Touch And HeartRate Earphones Are The Wonder Twins of Activity Trackers" 3330: 1551:

Furthermore, the pointer could be improved from a basic mouse to an accelerator pointer.

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The commercialization of general-purpose wearable computers, as led by companies such as

648:'s system and built from a kit from Park Enterprises, a Private Eye display on loan from 3943:

Digest of Papers. Second International Symposium on Wearable Computers (Cat. No.98EX215)

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Digest of Papers. Second International Symposium on Wearable Computers (Cat. No.98EX215)

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wearable computer from backpack based systems of the 1980s to his current covert systems

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watchOS is a proprietary mobile operating system developed by Apple Inc. to run on the

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This form-factor of wearable computer has been shown in many sci-fi movies, including

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special eye system, as well as some more advanced visors that Samus Aran uses in the

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released a wearable computer called the Xybernaut Poma Wearable PC, Poma for short.

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and Dr. Wayne Piekarski developed the Tinmith wearable computer system to support

3639: 3622: 3598: 3024: 1432:(NIST) has a code called NIST Cyber security Framework, but it is not mandatory. 351:, and data management. By this definition, the wearable computer was invented by 5455: 5387: 5226: 5219: 5142: 5122: 4941: 4567: 4479: 3331:"Last week we told you we'd be trying out new ways to find Explorers. Well, we…" 2191: 1650: 1555: 1357:

the computer, which allows the user to run an application or access the internet

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technology which are more focused on improving efficiency in the wearer's life.

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are increasingly used in healthcare. For instance, portable sensors are used as

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announced the sub-miniature Intel Curie for wearable applications, based on its

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mounted file systems and X11, which all ran in the Andrew Project environment.

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Thorp, Edward (October 1998). "The invention of the first wearable computer".

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and others. In contrast to a computer, they are more like a terminal module.

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The 1980s saw the rise of more general-purpose wearable computers. In 1981,

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E.C. Urban, Kathleen Griggs, Dick Martin, Dan Siewiorek and Tom Blackadar,

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Workshop on Personal Computer Systems, Washington, D.C., 18 January 1990.)

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Scan others in vicinity and assess threat-to-self level. Examples include

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designed to predict the motion of roulette wheels. A data-taker would use

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is an Indian military project, designed largely with wearable computing.

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IEEE International Symposium on Wearable Computers (Academic Conference)

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Fundamentals of Wearable Computers and Augmented Reality, Second Edition

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Special contact lenses that are used to confirm one's identity. Used in

5422: 5392: 5296: 3662: 3540:"Title Wearable technology in healthcare: What are the leading themes?" 2356: 1751: 1701: 1681: 1632: 1618: 1276: 1255: 1144: 1064: 1056: 1040: 552: 504: 386: 292: 282: 276: 3715:"Vufine+Review: An affordable heads-up display for those who need one" 1336:

Technology has advanced with continuous change in wearable computers.

5352: 3843:

Zieniewicz, Matthew J.; D. C. Johnson; D.C. Wong; J. D Flatt (2002).

3076: 2468: 2402:

Digest of Papers. First International Symposium on Wearable Computers

2335:

Thorp, E. O. (1969). "Optimal Gambling Systems for Favorable Games".

1686: 1559:

as efficient as a computer, additionally with ergonomic controllers.

1136: 841: 689: 568: 500: 406: 266: 260: 256: 252: 195: 3844: 2696:

Conference Companion on Human Factors in Computing Systems - CHI '96

2655:

Conference Companion on Human Factors in Computing Systems - CHI '94

2348: 2275:"Huizhou people's abacus complex". Xinhua News Agency. 20 July 2006. 1491:. Statements consisting only of original research should be removed. 4017: 3151:"Apple now sells more watches than the entire Swiss watch industry" 1275:

Can help identify suspects and see through walls. Examples include

228:. The use of wearables for specific applications, for compensating 5575: 2884:"Pebble Smartwatch Pre-Orders Are Sold Out, $ 10+ Million Pledged" 2747:

Proceedings FRIEND21 Symposium on Next Generation Human Interfaces

2508: 1607: 1187:

Clothing that can relay and collect information. Examples include

1080: 1072: 1044: 1036: 991: 982: 976: 935: 918: 878: 764: 760: 680: 620: 514: 429:

built some computerized timing devices to help them win a game of

307: 272: 31: 1027:, but in 2005 their stock was delisted and the company filed for 117:

Wearable computers have various technical issues common to other

3406: 1189: 1020: 977: 906:-like hands-free format that can interact with the Internet via 831: 802: 798: 697: 5034: 4021: 2736:"'Forget-me-not' Intimate Computing in Support of Human Memory" 1554:

The system of gesture controls is evolving from image control (

3356: 3176:"Introducing Apple Vision Pro: Apple's first spatial computer" 2804:

Watches: Innovation on Time, Trailblazers, Season 3, Episode 2

2371:"Wrist instrument opens new dimension in personal information" 2043:"Quantigraphic camera promises HDR eyesight from Father of AR" 1781: 1572: 1456: 1368: 1076: 1016: 857: 653: 551:

The Student Electronic Notebook consisted of the Private Eye,

537: 66:. Alternatively, they may be for specialized purposes such as 3102:"Intel® Curie™ Module: Unleashing Wearable Device Innovation" 2948:"Google 'Project Glass' Replaces the Smartphone With Glasses" 2844:"First wearable computers made you look like a freaking Borg" 2779:"MCC Launches Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems Investigation" 457:(revised ed.) in 1966 and later published in detail in 1969. 3402:"Fitness sensor earphones gather health data, deliver music" 2974:"Google's 'Project Glass' Teases Augmented Reality Glasses" 2832:

Warwick, K, "I, Cyborg", University of Illinois Press, 2004

2388:

Fourth Conference on Systems & Devices for the Disabled

1386:

personal reflection, personal essay, or argumentative essay

1360:

the commands, which allows the user to control the machine.

1354:

the display, which allows the user to see the work they do.

1132: 240:

The dominant operating systems for wearable computing are:

4007:"Project Glass and the epic history of wearable computers" 2443:"Wearable Computing: A First Step Toward Personal Imaging" 824:

The development of wearable computing spread to encompass

3352:"Google Glass sales halted but firm says kit is not dead" 3025:"Google Glass sales halted but firm says kit is not dead" 1094:

Evidence of weak market acceptance was demonstrated when

3621:

Tamminen, Sakari; Holmgren, Elisabet (1 November 2016).

3589:

Dvorak, Joseph L. (2008), "Social Issues of Wearables",

683:

started the Smart Modules Program to develop a modular,

528:

In 1989, Reflection Technology marketed the Private Eye

3422:"WSS1000/1060 Wearable Scanning & Computing System" 2823:

Linux Journal, July 2000, Issue 75, Cover + pages 86-91

2207:"IEEE ISSCC 2000: 'Dick Tracy' watch watchers disagree" 1589: 1480: 1392: 942:

platform. As small as a button, it features a six-axis

468:

became mass-market devices in 1970, starting in Japan.

212:, e.g. Microsoft's 2011 prototype "The Printing Dress". 3999: 3740:"Microsoft HoloLens 2 all you need to know | BE-terna" 3627:

Ethnographic Praxis in Industry Conference Proceedings

1171:

and the computers used by the gate workers at Zion in

544:

Student Electronic Notebook, Doug Platt's Hip-PC, and

3792:"French computer keyboards to change - what is Bépo?" 1063:

is another example of a practical wearable computer.

701:

International Symposium on Wearables Computers (ISWC)

3916:"Army's Future Force Warrior passes major milestone" 3285:"Panasonic Toughbooks Hit Their 20-Year Anniversary" 1920: 1918: 5673: 5642: 5619: 5554: 5526: 5431: 5408: 5351: 5342: 5235: 5175: 5168: 5088: 5081: 5072: 4879: 4826: 4788: 4735: 4697: 4659: 4601: 4518: 4464: 4426: 4378: 4315: 4248: 4212: 4169: 4133: 4066: 3201:"Watch This Wednesday: the Linux Watch -- Engadget" 2373:, Hewlett-Packard Journal, December 1977. See also 1117:Google has announced that it has been working on a 844:released several wearable fitness trackers and the 610:became widely used, and in 1999 were combined with 3538:Research, Globaldata Thematic (13 November 2019). 1067:launched a wearable computer called Poma in 2002. 813:(wireless personal area network). It also led the 2546:. Archived from the original on 27 September 2010 2129:"Google Is Finally Taking Smartwatches Seriously" 1625:system, which will eventually be merged into the 790:LunaTik, a machined wristband attachment for the 232:or supporting elderly people steadily increases. 3123:Chen, Brian X.; Bilton, Nick (2 February 2014). 2564:: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown ( 578:The Hip-PC included an Agenda palmtop used as a 559:(prototypes), a stylus based input system and a 295:Wear OS (previously known as Android Wear) is a 3884:"Troops in Iraq give thumbs up to Land Warrior" 3505:International Journal of Information Management 1944:"Wearable Computers: No Longer Science Fiction" 1332:Advancement with wearable technology over years 413:, which could be used while it was being worn. 357: 70:. They may incorporate special sensors such as 1430:National Institute of Standards and Technology 1262:Brain nano-bots to store memories in the cloud 1075:, a wrist-wearable touch screen computer with 594:was an 8 MHz 80188 processor with 0.5 MB 5046: 4057:Note: This template roughly follows the 2012 4033: 3052:"Hands-On With Thync's Mood-Altering Headset" 2582:; MacIntyre, Blair; Seligmann, Dorée (1993). 809:) lead to more various interfacing under the 8: 3254:"Wristify: Thermal Comfort via a Wrist Band" 3000:"Behind the Google Goggles, Virtual Reality" 1526:. Some headsets are autonomous, such as the 405:saw the introduction of a fully functional 5348: 5172: 5085: 5078: 5053: 5039: 5031: 4040: 4026: 4018: 3986:encyclopedia chapter on Wearable Computing 3845:"The Evolution of Army Wearable Computers" 3452:Journal of Diabetes Science and Technology 614:in Japan to produce the first mass-market 3638: 3479: 3252:Smith, Nancy duvergne (5 November 2013). 2599: 2458: 2104: 2086: 1507:Learn how and when to remove this message 1415:Learn how and when to remove this message 915:, the experimental phase of the project. 582:attached to the belt and a 1.44 megabyte 476:by Hewlett-Packard was released in 1977. 299:operating system developed by Google Inc. 2917:"Here's your chance to get Google glass" 2318:, 2nd Edition, Vintage, New York, 1966. 2159: 2157: 785: 517:Wrist Computer in 1984. It was an early 144: 114:, may or may not be regarded as 'worn'. 3713:Ghoshal, Abhimanyu (11 November 2016). 3688:"Vufine+ Wearable Display Field Review" 2008:Journal of Data and Information Quality 1844: 27:Small computing device worn on the body 4750:Knowledge representation and reasoning 2557: 2310: 2308: 1877: 1867: 39:are an example of a wearable computer. 4775:Philosophy of artificial intelligence 3995:A brief history of wearable computing 3825:from the original on 11 December 2021 3569:Electronic Privacy Information Center 640:In 1993, the Private Eye was used in 567:radio links to provide all the usual 7: 4101:Energy consumption (Green computing) 3591:Moving Wearables into the Mainstream 3283:Weiss, Todd R. (30 September 2016). 1934: 1932: 965:On June 5, 2023, Apple unveiled the 805:, and several industry groups (e.g. 98:and mobile phones into smartphones. 4780:Distributed artificial intelligence 4059:ACM Computing Classification System 3448:"New Wearable Computers Move Ahead" 2584:"Knowledge-based augmented reality" 2259:"The "Invention" of the Wristwatch" 1349:Main elements of wearable computers 1114:touchscreen used with a handstrap. 4292:Integrated development environment 3446:Klonoff, David C. (January 2014). 3400:Kooser, Amanda (10 January 2013). 2946:Albanesius, Chloe (4 April 2012). 2781:. 24 February 1999. Archived from 2544:"WearableGroup at Carnegie Mellon" 2041:Chris Davies (12 September 2012). 1895:Barfield, Woodrow (29 July 2015). 1365:Challenges with wearable computers 1253:Power Suit and Fusion Suit in the 763:released their first product, the 532:, which scans a vertical array of 25: 4760:Automated planning and scheduling 4297:Software configuration management 3593:, Springer US, pp. 311–332, 3565:"EPIC - Google Glass and Privacy" 2998:Bilton, Nick (23 February 2012). 2768:, Arlington, VA, 18–19 July 1996. 2521:Simson Garfinkel (9 March 1993). 2241:"Wearable Computers: An Overview" 927:launched two portable brainwave ( 324:Due to the varied definitions of 5743: 5742: 5014: 5004: 4995: 4994: 2759:Proceedings of Wearables in 2005 1576: 1461: 1373: 247:is a real-time operating system 162:general-purpose computing (e.g. 78:, or on the more advanced side, 5005: 4408:Computational complexity theory 3517:10.1016/j.ijinfomgt.2015.04.010 3149:Statt, Nick (6 February 2020). 2842:Pierini, David (26 July 2015). 1983:. 11 March 2016. Archived from 902:that displays information in a 565:direct-sequence spread spectrum 359:Steve Mann, a professor at the 4199:Network performance evaluation 3764:Lynch, Gerald (26 July 2021). 3207:. 10 July 2011. Archived from 2972:Newman, Jared (4 April 2012). 1757:Open-source computing hardware 84:blood oxygen saturation (SpO2) 1: 4563:Multimedia information system 4548:Geographic information system 4538:Enterprise information system 4134:Computer systems organization 4005:Miller, Paul (26 June 2012). 3050:Russell, Kyle (2 June 2015). 2289:. 15 May 2021. Archived from 985:wrist wearable computer from 834:produced a wristwatch called 728:University of South Australia 632:video game. The watch crown ( 4922:Computational social science 4510:Theoretical computer science 4330:Software development process 4106:Electronic design automation 4091:Very Large Scale Integration 3882:Matthew Cox (23 June 2007). 3640:10.1111/1559-8918.2016.01083 3599:10.1007/978-0-387-69142-8_10 2923:, April 2014, archived from 2734:Mik Lamming and Mike Flynn, 2390:, 1–3 June 1977, Seattle WA. 2375:HP-01 wrist instrument, 1977 1777:Optical head-mounted display 896:optical head-mounted display 894:Google Glass launched their 890:, which was launched in 2013 336:and 'finger-watch' owned by 149:Smartphones and smartwatches 92:optical head-mounted display 5795:Personal digital assistants 4745:Natural language processing 4533:Information storage systems 3379:Burns, Matt (5 June 2014). 3125:"Building a Better Battery" 2075:Frontiers in Digital Health 1487:the claims made and adding 1226:Computerized contact lenses 5826: 5780:Human–computer interaction 5493:Personal digital assistant 4661:Human–computer interaction 4631:Intrusion detection system 4543:Social information systems 4528:Database management system 1787:Personal digital assistant 1656:Artificial neural membrane 1566: 1312:On-chest or smart necklace 826:rehabilitation engineering 571:based services, including 546:Carnegie Mellon University 5738: 4990: 4927:Computational engineering 4902:Computational mathematics 4055: 3861:10.1109/mprv.2002.1158276 2764:14 September 2005 at the 2588:Communications of the ACM 2287:"Eudaemonic Lightvectors" 2088:10.3389/fdgth.2022.884208 1677:Computer-mediated reality 1303:'s Wrist Device from the 1213:, 'Threep' Technology in 1181:Intelligent textiles or s 177:or for everyday use like 4937:Computational healthcare 4932:Differentiable computing 4851:Graphics processing unit 4277:Domain-specific language 4146:Computational complexity 3951:10.1109/ISWC.1998.729549 3464:10.1177/1932296813518858 2410:10.1109/iswc.1997.629921 2174:10.1109/iswc.1998.729523 1963:10.1109/mprv.2002.993148 1901:. CRC Press. p. 4. 852:that is compatible with 819:6th-generation iPod Nano 792:6th-generation iPod Nano 705:Cambridge, Massachusetts 470:Programmable calculators 421:In 1961, mathematicians 102:pocket or bag – such as 5730:Wireless sensor network 4912:Computational chemistry 4846:Photograph manipulation 4737:Artificial intelligence 4553:Decision support system 3796:www.connexionfrance.com 3766:"Oculus Quest 2 review" 3104:. Intel. 6 January 2015 2263:Eur Ing David Boettcher 2020:10.1145/2378016.2378021 1833:Wireless ambulatory ECG 1828:Virtual retinal display 667:and Mike Ruicci of the 628:USB Dress edition with 503:, the first example of 80:electrocardiogram (ECG) 5503:Portable data terminal 4977:Educational technology 4808:Reinforcement learning 4558:Process control system 4456:Computational geometry 4446:Algorithmic efficiency 4441:Analysis of algorithms 4096:Systems on Chip (SoCs) 3818:AI Data Glove: Somatic 3544:Medical Device Network 1613: 1534:Single-board computers 1395:by rewriting it in an 1000: 989: 891: 876:and the Pebble Round. 794: 644:'s wearable, based on 637: 389:received a watch from 371: 368:IEEE ISSCC 8 Feb. 2000 321: 150: 135:personal area networks 127:software architectures 40: 5686:Information appliance 5508:Portable media player 5451:Handheld game console 4947:Electronic publishing 4917:Computational biology 4907:Computational physics 4803:Unsupervised learning 4717:Distributed computing 4593:Information retrieval 4500:Mathematical analysis 4490:Mathematical software 4380:Theory of computation 4345:Software construction 4335:Requirements analysis 4213:Software organization 4141:Computer architecture 4111:Hardware acceleration 4076:Printed circuit board 2741:26 April 2006 at the 2704:10.1145/257089.257146 2663:10.1145/259963.260024 2601:10.1145/159544.159587 2523:"Dressed for Success" 2314:Raseana.k.a shigady, 1611: 1338:Wearable technologies 995: 980: 882: 797:Standardization with 789: 669:University of Toronto 650:Devon Sean McCullough 624: 361:University of Toronto 355:, in the late 1970s: 311: 148: 121:, such as batteries, 35: 5800:Ubiquitous computing 5770:Ambient intelligence 5461:Mobile data terminal 5441:Electronic organizer 5113:Intelligent terminal 4707:Concurrent computing 4679:Ubiquitous computing 4651:Application security 4646:Information security 4475:Discrete mathematics 4451:Randomized algorithm 4403:Computability theory 4388:Model of computation 4360:Software maintenance 4355:Software engineering 4317:Software development 4267:Programming language 4262:Programming paradigm 4179:Network architecture 3945:. pp. 168–171. 3077:"APP – Macrotellect" 1732:Head-mounted display 1627:Future Force Warrior 1289:Wrist-worn computers 1232:Mission Impossible 4 1119:head-mounted display 888:head-mounted display 733:In 2002, as part of 548:'s VuMan 1 in 1991. 530:head-mounted display 5790:Japanese inventions 5775:Fashion accessories 4982:Document management 4972:Operations research 4897:Enterprise software 4813:Multi-task learning 4798:Supervised learning 4520:Information systems 4350:Software deployment 4307:Software repository 4161:Real-time computing 3849:Pervasive Computing 3790:France, Connexion. 3694:. 14 September 2017 2785:on 24 February 1999 2634:on 18 November 2007 2495:Computer Chronicles 2490:Japanese PCs (1984) 1951:Pervasive Computing 1707:Futuristic clothing 900:ubiquitous computer 658:Columbia University 542:Columbia University 226:pattern recognition 206:electronic textiles 185:behavioral modeling 76:heart rate monitors 49:body-borne computer 5805:Wearable computers 5785:Internet of things 5718:Computer-on-module 5576:Digital wristwatch 5378:Mobile workstation 5148:Video game console 5108:Internet appliance 4765:Search methodology 4712:Parallel computing 4669:Interaction design 4578:Computing platform 4505:Numerical analysis 4495:Information theory 4287:Software framework 4250:Software notations 4189:Network components 4086:Integrated circuit 3922:. 8 September 2006 3821:, 31 August 2020, 3264:on 6 November 2013 3129:The New York Times 3081:o.macrotellect.com 3004:The New York Times 2698:. pp. 69–70. 2657:. pp. 51–52. 2404:. pp. 66–73. 1854:Wearable Computing 1772:Mobile interaction 1747:Internet of Things 1742:Heart rate monitor 1614: 1612:Wristband computer 1588:. You can help by 1472:possibly contains 1453:Future innovations 1397:encyclopedic style 1384:is written like a 1259:video game series. 1001: 990: 949:On 24 April 2015, 892: 863:On 11 April 2012, 795: 778:wristwatch phone. 638: 557:notebook computers 523:computer on a chip 466:Pocket calculators 322: 259:, realme, TCL and 201:service management 151: 108:pocket calculators 47:, also known as a 41: 5757: 5756: 5706:Rugged smartphone 5615: 5614: 5611: 5610: 5338: 5337: 5334: 5333: 5292:Small form factor 5118:Interactive kiosk 5028: 5027: 4957:Electronic voting 4887:Quantum Computing 4880:Applied computing 4866:Image compression 4636:Hardware security 4626:Security services 4583:Digital marketing 4370:Open-source model 4282:Modeling language 4194:Network scheduler 3960:978-0-8186-9074-7 3663:"Buy Apple Watch" 3608:978-0-387-69139-8 3360:. 15 January 2015 3031:. 15 January 2015 2869:"Sony SmartWatch" 2530:The Village Voice 2441:Mann, S. (1997). 2257:David Boettcher, 1662:Augmented reality 1606: 1605: 1517: 1516: 1509: 1474:original research 1425: 1424: 1417: 1272:Infrared headsets 1249:suit, along with 1238:Combat suit armor 1161:3D user interface 1123:augmented reality 1121:-based wearable " 973:Commercialization 934:In January 2015, 724:augmented reality 580:chording keyboard 383:Queen Elizabeth I 338:Queen Elizabeth I 236:Operating systems 222:augmented reality 106:and before them, 55:or even ordinary 45:wearable computer 16:(Redirected from 5817: 5810:Wearable devices 5746: 5745: 5581:Calculator watch 5564:Activity tracker 5349: 5173: 5086: 5079: 5055: 5048: 5041: 5032: 5018: 5017: 5008: 5007: 4998: 4997: 4818:Cross-validation 4790:Machine learning 4674:Social computing 4641:Network security 4436:Algorithm design 4365:Programming team 4325:Control variable 4302:Software library 4240:Software quality 4235:Operating system 4184:Network protocol 4049:Computer science 4042: 4035: 4028: 4019: 4014: 3973: 3972: 3938: 3932: 3931: 3929: 3927: 3912: 3906: 3905: 3903: 3901: 3892:. Archived from 3879: 3873: 3872: 3840: 3834: 3833: 3832: 3830: 3813: 3807: 3806: 3804: 3802: 3787: 3781: 3780: 3778: 3776: 3761: 3755: 3754: 3752: 3750: 3744:www.be-terna.com 3736: 3730: 3729: 3727: 3725: 3710: 3704: 3703: 3701: 3699: 3684: 3678: 3677: 3675: 3673: 3659: 3653: 3652: 3642: 3618: 3612: 3611: 3586: 3580: 3579: 3577: 3575: 3561: 3555: 3554: 3552: 3550: 3535: 3529: 3528: 3500: 3494: 3493: 3483: 3443: 3437: 3436: 3434: 3432: 3418: 3412: 3411: 3397: 3391: 3390: 3376: 3370: 3369: 3367: 3365: 3348: 3342: 3341: 3339: 3337: 3327: 3321: 3320: 3318: 3316: 3306: 3300: 3299: 3297: 3295: 3280: 3274: 3273: 3271: 3269: 3260:. Archived from 3249: 3243: 3242: 3241:on 7 March 2007. 3237:. Archived from 3227: 3221: 3220: 3218: 3216: 3197: 3191: 3190: 3188: 3186: 3172: 3166: 3165: 3163: 3161: 3146: 3140: 3139: 3137: 3135: 3120: 3114: 3113: 3111: 3109: 3098: 3092: 3091: 3089: 3087: 3073: 3067: 3066: 3064: 3062: 3047: 3041: 3040: 3038: 3036: 3021: 3015: 3014: 3012: 3010: 2995: 2989: 2988: 2986: 2984: 2969: 2963: 2962: 2960: 2958: 2943: 2937: 2935: 2934: 2932: 2913: 2907: 2906: 2904: 2902: 2879: 2873: 2872: 2865: 2859: 2858: 2856: 2854: 2839: 2833: 2830: 2824: 2821: 2815: 2812: 2806: 2801: 2795: 2794: 2792: 2790: 2775: 2769: 2755: 2749: 2732: 2726: 2725: 2691: 2685: 2684: 2650: 2644: 2643: 2641: 2639: 2630:. Archived from 2620: 2614: 2613: 2603: 2576: 2570: 2569: 2563: 2555: 2553: 2551: 2540: 2534: 2533: 2527: 2518: 2512: 2504: 2498: 2487: 2481: 2480: 2469:10.1109/2.566147 2462: 2438: 2432: 2431: 2397: 2391: 2384: 2378: 2367: 2361: 2360: 2332: 2326: 2312: 2303: 2302: 2300: 2298: 2283: 2277: 2276: 2272: 2266: 2255: 2249: 2248: 2243:. Archived from 2236: 2230: 2229: 2221: 2215: 2214: 2202: 2196: 2195: 2168:. pp. 4–8. 2161: 2152: 2151: 2149: 2147: 2125: 2119: 2118: 2108: 2090: 2066: 2060: 2057: 2051: 2050: 2038: 2032: 2031: 2003: 1997: 1996: 1994: 1992: 1987:on 14 March 2016 1973: 1967: 1966: 1948: 1942:(January 2002). 1940:Starner, Thad E. 1936: 1927: 1922: 1913: 1912: 1892: 1886: 1885: 1879: 1875: 1873: 1865: 1863: 1861: 1849: 1697:Extended reality 1672:Calculator watch 1646:Activity tracker 1601: 1598: 1580: 1573: 1512: 1505: 1501: 1498: 1492: 1489:inline citations 1465: 1464: 1457: 1420: 1413: 1409: 1406: 1400: 1377: 1376: 1369: 1197:, and also many 1125:" device called 1055:, which ran the 1053:Fossil Wrist PDA 908:natural language 561:virtual keyboard 474:calculator watch 369: 155:heart pacemakers 123:heat dissipation 119:mobile computing 68:fitness trackers 64:mobile computing 21: 5825: 5824: 5820: 5819: 5818: 5816: 5815: 5814: 5760: 5759: 5758: 5753: 5734: 5691:Microcontroller 5681:Embedded system 5669: 5638: 5607: 5550: 5522: 5518:Ultra-mobile PC 5427: 5404: 5330: 5231: 5164: 5068: 5059: 5029: 5024: 5015: 4986: 4967:Word processing 4875: 4861:Virtual reality 4822: 4784: 4755:Computer vision 4731: 4727:Multiprocessing 4693: 4655: 4621:Security hacker 4597: 4573:Digital library 4514: 4465:Mathematics of 4460: 4422: 4398:Automata theory 4393:Formal language 4374: 4340:Software design 4311: 4244: 4230:Virtual machine 4208: 4204:Network service 4165: 4156:Embedded system 4129: 4062: 4051: 4046: 4004: 3981: 3976: 3961: 3940: 3939: 3935: 3925: 3923: 3914: 3913: 3909: 3899: 3897: 3896:on 21 July 2012 3881: 3880: 3876: 3842: 3841: 3837: 3828: 3826: 3815: 3814: 3810: 3800: 3798: 3789: 3788: 3784: 3774: 3772: 3763: 3762: 3758: 3748: 3746: 3738: 3737: 3733: 3723: 3721: 3712: 3711: 3707: 3697: 3695: 3686: 3685: 3681: 3671: 3669: 3661: 3660: 3656: 3620: 3619: 3615: 3609: 3588: 3587: 3583: 3573: 3571: 3563: 3562: 3558: 3548: 3546: 3537: 3536: 3532: 3502: 3501: 3497: 3445: 3444: 3440: 3430: 3428: 3420: 3419: 3415: 3399: 3398: 3394: 3378: 3377: 3373: 3363: 3361: 3350: 3349: 3345: 3335: 3333: 3329: 3328: 3324: 3314: 3312: 3308: 3307: 3303: 3293: 3291: 3282: 3281: 3277: 3267: 3265: 3251: 3250: 3246: 3229: 3228: 3224: 3214: 3212: 3211:on 10 July 2011 3199: 3198: 3194: 3184: 3182: 3174: 3173: 3169: 3159: 3157: 3148: 3147: 3143: 3133: 3131: 3122: 3121: 3117: 3107: 3105: 3100: 3099: 3095: 3085: 3083: 3075: 3074: 3070: 3060: 3058: 3049: 3048: 3044: 3034: 3032: 3023: 3022: 3018: 3008: 3006: 2997: 2996: 2992: 2982: 2980: 2971: 2970: 2966: 2956: 2954: 2945: 2944: 2940: 2930: 2928: 2915: 2914: 2910: 2900: 2898: 2882:Newman, Jared. 2881: 2880: 2876: 2867: 2866: 2862: 2852: 2850: 2841: 2840: 2836: 2831: 2827: 2822: 2818: 2813: 2809: 2802: 2798: 2788: 2786: 2777: 2776: 2772: 2766:Wayback Machine 2756: 2752: 2743:Wayback Machine 2733: 2729: 2714: 2693: 2692: 2688: 2673: 2652: 2651: 2647: 2637: 2635: 2622: 2621: 2617: 2578: 2577: 2573: 2556: 2549: 2547: 2542: 2541: 2537: 2525: 2520: 2519: 2515: 2505: 2501: 2488: 2484: 2440: 2439: 2435: 2420: 2399: 2398: 2394: 2385: 2381: 2368: 2364: 2349:10.2307/1402118 2334: 2333: 2329: 2316:Beat the Dealer 2313: 2306: 2296: 2294: 2285: 2284: 2280: 2274: 2273: 2269: 2256: 2252: 2247:on 26 May 2001. 2239:Tara Kieffner. 2238: 2237: 2233: 2223: 2222: 2218: 2204: 2203: 2199: 2184: 2163: 2162: 2155: 2145: 2143: 2127: 2126: 2122: 2068: 2067: 2063: 2058: 2054: 2040: 2039: 2035: 2005: 2004: 2000: 1990: 1988: 1975: 1974: 1970: 1946: 1938: 1937: 1930: 1923: 1916: 1909: 1894: 1893: 1889: 1876: 1866: 1859: 1857: 1851: 1850: 1846: 1842: 1837: 1792:Pocket computer 1737:Head-up display 1641: 1602: 1596: 1593: 1586:needs expansion 1571: 1565: 1513: 1502: 1496: 1493: 1478: 1466: 1462: 1455: 1421: 1410: 1404: 1401: 1393:help improve it 1390: 1378: 1374: 1367: 1351: 1342:medical devices 1334: 1201:military films. 1168:Minority Report 1154: 1152:Popular culture 975: 963: 836:Sony SmartWatch 784: 765:GoPro HERO 35mm 743:electrode array 720:Bruce H. Thomas 716: 604: 521:, powered by a 489: 463: 455:Beat the Dealer 438:analog computer 423:Edward O. Thorp 419: 399: 380: 370: 367: 306: 238: 175:welding helmets 143: 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 5823: 5821: 5813: 5812: 5807: 5802: 5797: 5792: 5787: 5782: 5777: 5772: 5762: 5761: 5755: 5754: 5752: 5751: 5739: 5736: 5735: 5733: 5732: 5727: 5722: 5721: 5720: 5710: 5709: 5708: 5698: 5693: 5688: 5683: 5677: 5675: 5671: 5670: 5668: 5667: 5662: 5657: 5652: 5646: 5644: 5640: 5639: 5637: 5636: 5631: 5625: 5623: 5617: 5616: 5613: 5612: 5609: 5608: 5606: 5605: 5600: 5595: 5594: 5593: 5588: 5583: 5573: 5572: 5571: 5560: 5558: 5552: 5551: 5549: 5548: 5543: 5538: 5532: 5530: 5524: 5523: 5521: 5520: 5515: 5510: 5505: 5500: 5495: 5490: 5485: 5484: 5483: 5478: 5473: 5463: 5458: 5453: 5448: 5443: 5437: 5435: 5429: 5428: 5426: 5425: 5420: 5414: 5412: 5406: 5405: 5403: 5402: 5401: 5400: 5395: 5385: 5380: 5375: 5370: 5369: 5368: 5357: 5355: 5346: 5340: 5339: 5336: 5335: 5332: 5331: 5329: 5328: 5327: 5326: 5321: 5311: 5310: 5309: 5304: 5299: 5289: 5284: 5283: 5282: 5277: 5272: 5262: 5261: 5260: 5255: 5250: 5239: 5237: 5233: 5232: 5230: 5229: 5224: 5223: 5222: 5212: 5207: 5206: 5205: 5203:Personal super 5195: 5190: 5185: 5179: 5177: 5170: 5166: 5165: 5163: 5162: 5161: 5160: 5155: 5145: 5140: 5135: 5130: 5125: 5120: 5115: 5110: 5105: 5100: 5098:Arcade cabinet 5094: 5092: 5083: 5076: 5070: 5069: 5062:Computer sizes 5060: 5058: 5057: 5050: 5043: 5035: 5026: 5025: 5023: 5022: 5012: 5002: 4991: 4988: 4987: 4985: 4984: 4979: 4974: 4969: 4964: 4959: 4954: 4949: 4944: 4939: 4934: 4929: 4924: 4919: 4914: 4909: 4904: 4899: 4894: 4889: 4883: 4881: 4877: 4876: 4874: 4873: 4871:Solid modeling 4868: 4863: 4858: 4853: 4848: 4843: 4838: 4832: 4830: 4824: 4823: 4821: 4820: 4815: 4810: 4805: 4800: 4794: 4792: 4786: 4785: 4783: 4782: 4777: 4772: 4770:Control method 4767: 4762: 4757: 4752: 4747: 4741: 4739: 4733: 4732: 4730: 4729: 4724: 4722:Multithreading 4719: 4714: 4709: 4703: 4701: 4695: 4694: 4692: 4691: 4686: 4681: 4676: 4671: 4665: 4663: 4657: 4656: 4654: 4653: 4648: 4643: 4638: 4633: 4628: 4623: 4618: 4616:Formal methods 4613: 4607: 4605: 4599: 4598: 4596: 4595: 4590: 4588:World Wide Web 4585: 4580: 4575: 4570: 4565: 4560: 4555: 4550: 4545: 4540: 4535: 4530: 4524: 4522: 4516: 4515: 4513: 4512: 4507: 4502: 4497: 4492: 4487: 4482: 4477: 4471: 4469: 4462: 4461: 4459: 4458: 4453: 4448: 4443: 4438: 4432: 4430: 4424: 4423: 4421: 4420: 4415: 4410: 4405: 4400: 4395: 4390: 4384: 4382: 4376: 4375: 4373: 4372: 4367: 4362: 4357: 4352: 4347: 4342: 4337: 4332: 4327: 4321: 4319: 4313: 4312: 4310: 4309: 4304: 4299: 4294: 4289: 4284: 4279: 4274: 4269: 4264: 4258: 4256: 4246: 4245: 4243: 4242: 4237: 4232: 4227: 4222: 4216: 4214: 4210: 4209: 4207: 4206: 4201: 4196: 4191: 4186: 4181: 4175: 4173: 4167: 4166: 4164: 4163: 4158: 4153: 4148: 4143: 4137: 4135: 4131: 4130: 4128: 4127: 4118: 4113: 4108: 4103: 4098: 4093: 4088: 4083: 4078: 4072: 4070: 4064: 4063: 4056: 4053: 4052: 4047: 4045: 4044: 4037: 4030: 4022: 4016: 4015: 4002: 3997: 3992: 3984:Peer-reviewed 3980: 3979:External links 3977: 3975: 3974: 3959: 3933: 3907: 3874: 3835: 3808: 3782: 3756: 3731: 3705: 3679: 3654: 3633:(1): 154–174. 3613: 3607: 3581: 3556: 3530: 3511:(5): 521–526. 3495: 3438: 3426:www.symbol.com 3413: 3392: 3371: 3343: 3322: 3301: 3275: 3244: 3222: 3192: 3180:Apple Newsroom 3167: 3141: 3115: 3093: 3068: 3042: 3016: 2990: 2964: 2938: 2921:Gadget cluster 2908: 2874: 2860: 2834: 2825: 2816: 2807: 2796: 2770: 2750: 2727: 2712: 2686: 2671: 2645: 2615: 2580:Feiner, Steven 2571: 2535: 2513: 2499: 2482: 2460:10.1.1.58.3706 2433: 2418: 2392: 2379: 2362: 2343:(3): 273–293. 2327: 2304: 2293:on 15 May 2021 2278: 2267: 2250: 2231: 2226:Washington, DC 2216: 2205:Peter Clarke. 2197: 2182: 2153: 2120: 2061: 2052: 2033: 1998: 1968: 1928: 1914: 1907: 1887: 1878:|website= 1843: 1841: 1838: 1836: 1835: 1830: 1825: 1820: 1818:Staff locators 1815: 1810: 1805: 1800: 1794: 1789: 1784: 1779: 1774: 1769: 1764: 1759: 1754: 1749: 1744: 1739: 1734: 1729: 1724: 1719: 1714: 1709: 1704: 1699: 1694: 1689: 1684: 1679: 1674: 1669: 1664: 1659: 1653: 1648: 1642: 1640: 1637: 1604: 1603: 1597:September 2010 1583: 1581: 1569:Future Soldier 1564: 1561: 1528:Oculus Quest 2 1515: 1514: 1469: 1467: 1460: 1454: 1451: 1423: 1422: 1381: 1379: 1372: 1366: 1363: 1362: 1361: 1358: 1355: 1350: 1347: 1333: 1330: 1329: 1328: 1313: 1310: 1290: 1287: 1273: 1270: 1263: 1260: 1239: 1236: 1227: 1224: 1205: 1204:Threat glasses 1202: 1185: 1179: 1162: 1153: 1150: 1104:brick computer 1061:Timex Datalink 1051:announced the 974: 971: 962: 959: 783: 780: 748:Also in 2002, 739:Project Cyborg 715: 712: 696:co-hosted the 679:Also in 1994, 673:Xerox EuroPARC 626:Timex Datalink 603: 600: 488: 485: 462: 459: 427:Claude Shannon 418: 415: 398: 395: 379: 376: 365: 305: 302: 301: 300: 290: 280: 270: 264: 237: 234: 218:user interface 214: 213: 210:fashion design 203: 198: 187: 182: 171: 142: 139: 72:accelerometers 26: 24: 14: 13: 10: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 5822: 5811: 5808: 5806: 5803: 5801: 5798: 5796: 5793: 5791: 5788: 5786: 5783: 5781: 5778: 5776: 5773: 5771: 5768: 5767: 5765: 5750: 5741: 5740: 5737: 5731: 5728: 5726: 5723: 5719: 5716: 5715: 5714: 5711: 5707: 5704: 5703: 5702: 5699: 5697: 5694: 5692: 5689: 5687: 5684: 5682: 5679: 5678: 5676: 5672: 5666: 5663: 5661: 5658: 5656: 5653: 5651: 5648: 5647: 5645: 5641: 5635: 5632: 5630: 5627: 5626: 5624: 5622: 5618: 5604: 5601: 5599: 5596: 5592: 5589: 5587: 5584: 5582: 5579: 5578: 5577: 5574: 5570: 5567: 5566: 5565: 5562: 5561: 5559: 5557: 5553: 5547: 5544: 5542: 5539: 5537: 5534: 5533: 5531: 5529: 5525: 5519: 5516: 5514: 5511: 5509: 5506: 5504: 5501: 5499: 5496: 5494: 5491: 5489: 5486: 5482: 5479: 5477: 5474: 5472: 5469: 5468: 5467: 5464: 5462: 5459: 5457: 5454: 5452: 5449: 5447: 5444: 5442: 5439: 5438: 5436: 5434: 5430: 5424: 5421: 5419: 5416: 5415: 5413: 5411: 5407: 5399: 5396: 5394: 5391: 5390: 5389: 5386: 5384: 5381: 5379: 5376: 5374: 5371: 5367: 5364: 5363: 5362: 5359: 5358: 5356: 5354: 5350: 5347: 5345: 5341: 5325: 5322: 5320: 5317: 5316: 5315: 5312: 5308: 5305: 5303: 5300: 5298: 5295: 5294: 5293: 5290: 5288: 5285: 5281: 5278: 5276: 5273: 5271: 5268: 5267: 5266: 5263: 5259: 5256: 5254: 5251: 5249: 5246: 5245: 5244: 5241: 5240: 5238: 5234: 5228: 5225: 5221: 5218: 5217: 5216: 5213: 5211: 5208: 5204: 5201: 5200: 5199: 5196: 5194: 5191: 5189: 5186: 5184: 5181: 5180: 5178: 5174: 5171: 5167: 5159: 5156: 5154: 5151: 5150: 5149: 5146: 5144: 5141: 5139: 5136: 5134: 5133:Smart speaker 5131: 5129: 5126: 5124: 5121: 5119: 5116: 5114: 5111: 5109: 5106: 5104: 5103:Diskless node 5101: 5099: 5096: 5095: 5093: 5091: 5087: 5084: 5080: 5077: 5075: 5071: 5067: 5063: 5056: 5051: 5049: 5044: 5042: 5037: 5036: 5033: 5021: 5013: 5011: 5003: 5001: 4993: 4992: 4989: 4983: 4980: 4978: 4975: 4973: 4970: 4968: 4965: 4963: 4960: 4958: 4955: 4953: 4950: 4948: 4945: 4943: 4940: 4938: 4935: 4933: 4930: 4928: 4925: 4923: 4920: 4918: 4915: 4913: 4910: 4908: 4905: 4903: 4900: 4898: 4895: 4893: 4890: 4888: 4885: 4884: 4882: 4878: 4872: 4869: 4867: 4864: 4862: 4859: 4857: 4856:Mixed reality 4854: 4852: 4849: 4847: 4844: 4842: 4839: 4837: 4834: 4833: 4831: 4829: 4825: 4819: 4816: 4814: 4811: 4809: 4806: 4804: 4801: 4799: 4796: 4795: 4793: 4791: 4787: 4781: 4778: 4776: 4773: 4771: 4768: 4766: 4763: 4761: 4758: 4756: 4753: 4751: 4748: 4746: 4743: 4742: 4740: 4738: 4734: 4728: 4725: 4723: 4720: 4718: 4715: 4713: 4710: 4708: 4705: 4704: 4702: 4700: 4696: 4690: 4689:Accessibility 4687: 4685: 4684:Visualization 4682: 4680: 4677: 4675: 4672: 4670: 4667: 4666: 4664: 4662: 4658: 4652: 4649: 4647: 4644: 4642: 4639: 4637: 4634: 4632: 4629: 4627: 4624: 4622: 4619: 4617: 4614: 4612: 4609: 4608: 4606: 4604: 4600: 4594: 4591: 4589: 4586: 4584: 4581: 4579: 4576: 4574: 4571: 4569: 4566: 4564: 4561: 4559: 4556: 4554: 4551: 4549: 4546: 4544: 4541: 4539: 4536: 4534: 4531: 4529: 4526: 4525: 4523: 4521: 4517: 4511: 4508: 4506: 4503: 4501: 4498: 4496: 4493: 4491: 4488: 4486: 4483: 4481: 4478: 4476: 4473: 4472: 4470: 4468: 4463: 4457: 4454: 4452: 4449: 4447: 4444: 4442: 4439: 4437: 4434: 4433: 4431: 4429: 4425: 4419: 4416: 4414: 4411: 4409: 4406: 4404: 4401: 4399: 4396: 4394: 4391: 4389: 4386: 4385: 4383: 4381: 4377: 4371: 4368: 4366: 4363: 4361: 4358: 4356: 4353: 4351: 4348: 4346: 4343: 4341: 4338: 4336: 4333: 4331: 4328: 4326: 4323: 4322: 4320: 4318: 4314: 4308: 4305: 4303: 4300: 4298: 4295: 4293: 4290: 4288: 4285: 4283: 4280: 4278: 4275: 4273: 4270: 4268: 4265: 4263: 4260: 4259: 4257: 4255: 4251: 4247: 4241: 4238: 4236: 4233: 4231: 4228: 4226: 4223: 4221: 4218: 4217: 4215: 4211: 4205: 4202: 4200: 4197: 4195: 4192: 4190: 4187: 4185: 4182: 4180: 4177: 4176: 4174: 4172: 4168: 4162: 4159: 4157: 4154: 4152: 4151:Dependability 4149: 4147: 4144: 4142: 4139: 4138: 4136: 4132: 4126: 4122: 4119: 4117: 4114: 4112: 4109: 4107: 4104: 4102: 4099: 4097: 4094: 4092: 4089: 4087: 4084: 4082: 4079: 4077: 4074: 4073: 4071: 4069: 4065: 4060: 4054: 4050: 4043: 4038: 4036: 4031: 4029: 4024: 4023: 4020: 4012: 4008: 4003: 4001: 3998: 3996: 3993: 3991: 3987: 3983: 3982: 3978: 3970: 3966: 3962: 3956: 3952: 3948: 3944: 3937: 3934: 3921: 3917: 3911: 3908: 3895: 3891: 3890: 3885: 3878: 3875: 3870: 3866: 3862: 3858: 3854: 3850: 3846: 3839: 3836: 3824: 3820: 3819: 3812: 3809: 3797: 3793: 3786: 3783: 3771: 3767: 3760: 3757: 3745: 3741: 3735: 3732: 3720: 3719:TNW | Plugged 3716: 3709: 3706: 3693: 3689: 3683: 3680: 3668: 3664: 3658: 3655: 3650: 3646: 3641: 3636: 3632: 3628: 3624: 3617: 3614: 3610: 3604: 3600: 3596: 3592: 3585: 3582: 3570: 3566: 3560: 3557: 3545: 3541: 3534: 3531: 3526: 3522: 3518: 3514: 3510: 3506: 3499: 3496: 3491: 3487: 3482: 3477: 3473: 3469: 3465: 3461: 3457: 3453: 3449: 3442: 3439: 3427: 3423: 3417: 3414: 3409: 3408: 3403: 3396: 3393: 3388: 3387: 3382: 3375: 3372: 3359: 3358: 3353: 3347: 3344: 3332: 3326: 3323: 3311: 3305: 3302: 3290: 3286: 3279: 3276: 3263: 3259: 3255: 3248: 3245: 3240: 3236: 3232: 3226: 3223: 3210: 3206: 3202: 3196: 3193: 3181: 3177: 3171: 3168: 3156: 3152: 3145: 3142: 3130: 3126: 3119: 3116: 3103: 3097: 3094: 3082: 3078: 3072: 3069: 3057: 3053: 3046: 3043: 3030: 3026: 3020: 3017: 3005: 3001: 2994: 2991: 2979: 2975: 2968: 2965: 2953: 2949: 2942: 2939: 2927:on 6 May 2017 2926: 2922: 2918: 2912: 2909: 2897: 2893: 2889: 2885: 2878: 2875: 2870: 2864: 2861: 2849: 2845: 2838: 2835: 2829: 2826: 2820: 2817: 2811: 2808: 2805: 2800: 2797: 2784: 2780: 2774: 2771: 2767: 2763: 2760: 2754: 2751: 2748: 2744: 2740: 2737: 2731: 2728: 2723: 2719: 2715: 2709: 2705: 2701: 2697: 2690: 2687: 2682: 2678: 2674: 2668: 2664: 2660: 2656: 2649: 2646: 2633: 2629: 2625: 2619: 2616: 2611: 2607: 2602: 2597: 2593: 2589: 2585: 2581: 2575: 2572: 2567: 2561: 2545: 2539: 2536: 2531: 2524: 2517: 2514: 2510: 2503: 2500: 2497: 2496: 2491: 2486: 2483: 2478: 2474: 2470: 2466: 2461: 2456: 2452: 2448: 2447:IEEE Computer 2444: 2437: 2434: 2429: 2425: 2421: 2419:0-8186-8192-6 2415: 2411: 2407: 2403: 2396: 2393: 2389: 2383: 2380: 2376: 2372: 2366: 2363: 2358: 2354: 2350: 2346: 2342: 2338: 2331: 2328: 2325: 2324:0-394-70310-3 2321: 2317: 2311: 2309: 2305: 2292: 2288: 2282: 2279: 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