1063:. Many words, thought to be wrongly pronounced by the countryman, are actually correct, and it is the accepted pronunciation which is wrong. English pronounces W-A-R-M worm, and W-O-R-M wyrm; in the dialect W-A-R-M is pronounced as it is spelt, Anglo-Saxon W-E-A-R-M. The Anglo-Saxon for worm is W-Y-R-M. Polite English pronounces W-A-S-P wosp; the Anglo-Saxon word is W-O-P-S and a Somerset man still says WOPSE. The verb To Be is used in the old form, I be, Thee bist, He be, We be, Thee 'rt, They be. 'Had I known I wouldn't have gone', is 'If I'd a-know'd I 'ooden never a-went'; 'A' is the old way of denoting the past participle, and went is from the verb to wend (Anglo-Saxon wendan).
206:
626:(Brythonic/Brittonic) that was spoken all over what is now the West Country until the West Saxons conquered and settled most of the area. The Cornish language throughout much of the High Middle Ages was not just the vernacular but the prestigious language in Cornwall among all classes, but was also spoken in large areas of Devon well after the Norman conquest. Cornish began to decline after the Late Middle Ages with English expanding westwards, and after the
396:
346:
288:
1189:
1832:
790:. According to Blackmore, he relied on a "phonogogic" style for his characters' speech, emphasizing their accents and word formation. He expended great effort, in all of his novels, on his characters' dialogues and dialects, striving to recount realistically not only the ways, but also the tones and accents, in which thoughts and utterances were formed by the various sorts of people who lived in the
1433:, was borrowed from Brythonic into Old English and is common in placenames east of the Tamar, especially Devon, and also in northern Somerset around Bath and the examples Hazeley Combe and Combley Great Wood (despite spelling difference, both are pronounced 'coombe') are to be found as far away as the Isle of Wight. Some possible examples of Brythonic words surviving in the Devon dialect include:
523:, it is possible to encounter similar accents and, indeed, much the same distinct dialect, albeit with some similarities to others in neighbouring regions. Although natives of all these locations, especially in rural parts, often still have West Country influences in their speech, their increased mobility and
3201:
There is a popular prejudice that stereotypes speakers as unsophisticated and even backward, due possibly to the deliberate and lengthened nature of the accent. This can work to the West
Country speaker's advantage, however: recent studies of how trustworthy Britons find their fellows based on their
1169:
and West
Country folk. It and all their songs are sung entirely in a local version of the dialect, which is somewhat exaggerated and distorted. Some words used aren't even typical of the local dialect. For instance, the word "nowt" is used in the song "Threshing Machine". This word is generally used
1250:
have also had a long-term influence on the West
Country dialects beyond Cornwall, both as a substrate (certain West Country dialect words and possibly grammatical features) and languages of contact. Recent research on the roots of English proposes that the extent of Brythonic syntactic influence on
1239:
reclaiming
Cornish words that had been preserved in the local dialect into its lexicon, and also (especially "Revived Late Cornish") borrowing other dialect words. However, there has been some controversy over whether all of these words are of native origin, as opposed to imported from parts of
1200:
after approximately the 13th century, a complete language shift to
English took centuries more. The linguistic boundary between English in the east and Cornish in the west shifted markedly in the county between 1300 and 1750 (see figure). This is not to be thought of as a sharp boundary, and it
1390:, fragments of Cornish survived in English even into the 20th century, e.g. some numerals (especially for counting fish) and the Lord's Prayer were noted by W. D. Watson in 1925, Edwin Norris collected the Creed in 1860, and J. H. Nankivel also recorded numerals in 1865. The dialect of
1148:
In more recent times, West
Country dialects have been treated with some derision, which has led many local speakers to abandon them or water them down. In particular it is British comedy which has brought them to the fore outside their native regions, and paradoxically groups such as
556:
In literary contexts, most of the usage has been in either poetry or dialogue, to add "local colour". It has rarely been used for serious prose in recent times but was used much more extensively up until the 19th century. West
Country dialects are commonly represented as
363:
3136:
Owing to the West
Country's agricultural history, the West Country accent has for centuries been associated with farming, and consequently with a lack of education and rustic simplicity. This can be seen in literature as early as the 18th century, for instance in
3158:
accents increasingly became a marker of personal social mobility. Universal primary education was also an important factor as it made it possible for some to move out of their rural environments into situations where other modes of speech were current.
1128:
The use of masculine and sometimes feminine, rather than neuter, pronouns with non-animate referents also parallels Low German, which unlike
English retains grammatical genders. The pronunciation of "s" as "z" is also similar to Low German. However,
364:
355:
1051:
Outside
Cornwall, it is believed that the various local dialects reflect the territories of various West Saxon tribes, who had their own dialects which fused together into a national language in the later Anglo-Saxon period.
2926:", "hoe" (a bay). These are not to be confused with fossilised Brythonic or Cornish language terms; for example, "-coombe" is quite a common suffix in West Country place names (not so much in Cornwall), and means "valley".
1031:
became more powerful they enlarged their kingdom westwards and north-westwards by taking territory from the British kingdoms in those districts. From Wessex, the Anglo-Saxons spread into the Celtic regions of present-day
3963:
3586:
Origin of the Anglo-Saxon race : a study of the settlement of England and the tribal origin of the Old English people; Author: William Thomas Shore; Editors TW and LE Shore; Publisher: Elliot Stock; published
1826:
Some of the vocabulary used relates to English words of a bygone era, e.g. the verb "to hark" (as in "'ark a'ee"), "thee" (often abbreviated to "'ee"), the increased use of the infinitive form of the verb "to be"
2921:
Some dialect words now appear mainly, or solely, in place names, such as "batch" (North Somerset, = hill but more commonly applied to Coalmine spoil heaps e.g. Camerton batch, Farrington batch, Braysdown batch),
1201:
should not be inferred that there were no Cornish speakers to the east of the line and no English speakers to the west. Nor should it be inferred that the boundary suddenly moved a great distance every 50 years.
2529:
Terms of endearment when used on their own. Can also be joined to a greeting and used towards strangers, e.g. "Good morning my luvver" may be said by a shop keeper to a customer. See also "Alright my Luvver?".
1244:. Some modern-day revived Cornish speakers have been known to use Cornish words within an English sentence, and even those who are not speakers of the language sometimes use words from the language in names.
3662:
2640:, this phrase has become stereotypical, and is used often to mock speakers of West Country dialects. In the modern day Ooh Ah is commonly used as the correct phrase though mostly avoided due to stereotypes.
2672:"a phrase with which the native sum up and dismisses everything that he ... (a) cannot comprehend, (b) does not believe, (c) has no patience with, or (d) is entertained by but unwilling to praise."
1394:
is particularly distinctive, especially in terms of grammar. This is most likely due to the late decay of the Cornish language in this area. In Cornwall the following places were included in the
1220:, on the basis that many Cornish could not speak English. Cornish probably ceased to be spoken as a community language sometime around 1780, with the last monoglot Cornish speaker believed to be
3119:("Don't tell me, tell him!"), "'ey give I fifty quid and I zay no, giv'ee to charity inztead" ("They gave me £50 and I said no, give it to charity instead"). When in casual Standard English the
4042:
305:
3424:
1913:(just as with the phrase "alright mate", when said by a person from the West Country, it has no carnal connotations, it is merely a greeting. Commonly used across the West Country)
1016:
claimed in 1856 that, due to its position at the heart of the Kingdom of Wessex, the relics of Anglo-Saxon accent, idiom and vocabulary were best preserved in the Somerset dialect.
837:, wrote 3,000 short stories in the Devonshire dialect for local Devon newspapers, and published collections of them, as well as performing them widely on stage, film, and broadcast.
413:
3166:
The people of the South West have long endured the cultural stereotype of 'ooh arr'ing carrot-crunching yokels, and Bristol in particular has fought hard to shake this image off
3221:" – that cartoon-like "Ooh arr, me 'earties! Sploice the mainbrace!" way of talking is very similar. This may be a result of the strong (both legal and outlawed)
540:
captured manners of speech across the South West region that were just as different from Standard English as any from the far North of England. There is some influence from the
4028:
5286:
3959:
1774:
755:
is set in the fictional village of Ploverleigh in Somerset. Some dialogue and song lyrics, especially for the chorus, are a phonetic approximation of West Country speech.
2220:
soon, like mañana, but less urgent (from directly once in common English usage for straight away or directly) I be wiv 'ee dreckley or ee looked me dreckly in the eyes.
4010:
Cock, Douglas J (1980). Jan Stewer: A West Country Biography. Bradford-on-Avon: Moonraker press. The dust cover of The Shop with Two Windows references The Daily Herald
3097:, where many of the island's modern-day descendants have West Country origins — particularly Bristol — as a result of the 17th–19th century migratory fishery.
5492:
306:
3654:
1055:
As Lt-Col. J. A. Garton observed in 1971, traditional Somerset English has a venerable and respectable origin, and is not a mere "debasement" of Standard English:
1378:), has the most substantial Celtic language influence because many western parts were non-English speaking even into the early modern period. In places such as
365:
3194:. These now preserve a record of the dialect as recalled with affection in the period. The tales perpetuate – albeit sympathetically – the rustic uneducated
223:
3989:
2664:
a non-resident of the Island, an outsider. Overner (see above) is the abbreviated form of this word, and 'Overlander' is also used in parts of Australia.
414:
5381:
4354:
1749:
4050:
1001:
and its dialects were largely protected from outside influences, due to its relative geographical isolation. While standard English derives from the
5487:
1615:
may not exist for some speakers or may exist marginally based simply on a length difference. In other words, some may not have any contrast between
2037:
a long-standing island resident, usually a descendant of a family living there. This refers to the island's heavy involvement in the production of
3924:
1059:
The dialect is not, as some people suppose, English spoken in a slovenly and ignorant way. It is the remains of a language—the court language of
4153:. West Cornwall, by M. A. Courtney; East Cornwall, by T. Q. Couch. London: published for the English Dialect Society, by Trübner & Co., 1880
3398:
3735:
5431:
5216:
4105:
4080:
3856:
3420:
3317:
676:
3600:
5482:
5451:
4524:
4409:
4261:
4227: – Listen to examples of regional accents and dialects from across the UK on the British Library's 'Sounds Familiar' website
3872:
3312:
297:
3503:
3373:
4932:
3093:("Where's that ?"). This is something that can still be heard often, unlike many other characteristics. This former usage is common to
5037:
4290:
4233:
2620:
Term to describe when something is proceeding nicely or as planned, used in a similar way to the phrase 'now we're cooking with gas'.
4020:
3637:
2803:
At some time (still very commonly used). Occasionally used elsewhere, though considered informal, it has an equivalent in German as
1804:. Hence the old joke about the three Bristolian sisters Evil, Idle and Normal – i.e.: Eva, Ida, and Norma. The name
3272:
is credited with popularising the stereotypical West Country "pirate voice". Newton's strong West Country accent also featured in
4836:
1157:
music originated, have both popularised and made fun of them simultaneously. In an unusual regional breakout, the Wurzels' song "
818:
by Percy G Stone, verse in Isle of Wight dialect, rendered phonetically, showing similarities with 'core' West Country dialects.
5084:
4880:
3714:
3307:
1730:
found that Cornwall retained some older features of speech that are now considered "Northern" in England. For example, a close
1673:
257:
5401:
4841:
4347:
2750:
2455:
a term with various meanings, normally associated with Devon. An old term for someone who makes their living off of the sea.
1702:
can often be omitted so "hair" and "air" become homophones. This is common in working-class speech in most parts of England.
1232:
was bilingual). However, some people retained a fragmented knowledge and some words were adopted by dialect(s) in Cornwall.
2648:
Something / "Nothing I a'en got ought for'ee" = "I have nothing for you", "'Er did'n give I nought" = "He gave me nothing"
2423:
Aqueduct (Aqueduct was a rather new-fangled word for the Somerset colliers of the time and got corrupted to 'Hucky Duck'.)
2136:
steep wooded valley. Combe/Coombe is the second most common placename element in Devon and is equivalent to the Welsh cwm.
5441:
5134:
5096:
3570:
Origin of the Anglo-Saxon race : a study of the settlement of England and the tribal origin of the Old English people
3337:
2463:
are sometimes also referred to thus. In Wiltshire, a similar word ' jidder ' is used — possible relation to 'gypsy'.
2431:
raised stone platform where milk churns are left for collection — no longer used but many still exist outside farms.
405:
5436:
5089:
4909:
4726:
4547:
3903:
1475:, meaning that the historical loss of non-syllable-final /r/ did not take place, in contrast to non-rhotic accents like
979:
770:
728:
307:
4125:
707:(1831–1894), author of many stories written in the local dialect of the county of Cornwall and a number of other works.
4812:
4802:
4400:
4367:
4363:
3781:
3268:
3688:
4253:
2741:
to tear or catch ("I've scagged me jeans on thacky barbed wire. I've scagged me 'ook up 'round down 'by Swyre 'ed")
5396:
5111:
4969:
4380:
1727:
1681:
1498:
1395:
536:
527:
has meant that in the more populous of these counties the dialect itself, as opposed to the people's various local
4185:
A Devonshire Dialogue In Four Parts. To Which is added a Glossary for the most part by the late Rev. John Phillips
415:
5376:
4902:
4860:
4831:
4763:
4731:
4340:
3467:
3214:. Recent polls put the West Country accent as third and fifth most attractive in the British Isles respectively.
3138:
715:
503:. However, the exact northern and eastern boundaries of the area are hard to define. In the adjacent counties of
322:
3985:
2721:(Devon, Cornwall, Dorset, Somerset, Isle of Wight) Something done well or a general expression of satisfaction.
5101:
5055:
4954:
4927:
4892:
4787:
4658:
2713:
cutting up, of a field, as in the ground's poaching up, we'll have to bring the cattle indoors for the winter.
2471:
Derived from Chinny Reckon and Janner, and is often used in response to a wildly exaggerated fisherman's tale.
1764:
1502:
1183:
1130:
267:
31:
3154:
As more and more of the English population moved into towns and cities during the 20th century, non-regional,
1601:, is often open , the more open variant is fairly common in urban areas but especially common in rural areas.
5313:
5146:
4964:
4939:
3254:
1993:
840:
757:
704:
107:
97:
87:
3180:
In the early part of the twentieth century, the journalist and writer Albert John Coles used the pseudonym
5228:
5206:
5010:
4707:
4676:
4554:
1780:
1739:
1731:
1709:
1699:
1635:
1620:
1616:
1476:
662:
583:
5497:
5426:
5346:
5211:
5106:
4819:
4753:
4507:
4497:
4492:
3463:
3274:
3185:
2952:
1494:
1217:
1205:
1158:
1013:
887:
875:
822:
809:
627:
5419:
3920:
4332:
4279:
3390:
1800:
as "Americaw" – which is often perceived by non-Bristolians to be an intrusive "l", known as the
1770:"l" sounds are vocalised (pronounced like "w") when not followed by a vowel, so "all old people" is .
1429:
In other areas, Celtic vocabulary is less common, but it is notable that "coombe", cognate with Welsh
1048:
in the 10th century. However the spread of the English language took much longer here than elsewhere.
4848:
4741:
4681:
4532:
4449:
3576:; Editors TW and LE Shore; Publisher: Elliot Stock; published 1906 esp. p. 3, 357, 367, 370, 389, 392
3573:
3347:
3246:
3190:
3094:
2978:
2974:
2460:
1679:
1671:
1020:
746:
165:
1605:
943:
accent. Although more noticeable in his speech, his accent may also be heard in some of his singing.
5446:
5276:
5268:
5166:
5129:
5015:
5000:
4875:
4865:
4792:
4631:
3742:
2866:
2409:
1247:
1154:
1138:
915:
4200:(in three parts) by A Lady to which is added a Glossary by J. F. Palmer, London & Exeter, 1837
5336:
5303:
5238:
5221:
5076:
4897:
4444:
4434:
4294:
4196:
3604:
3352:
3287:
3188:) to pen a long-running series of humorous articles and correspondences in Devon dialect for the
1801:
1009:
658:
607:
472:
468:
211:
155:
117:
102:
92:
4274:
2612:
a young boy, also a term of endearment between heterosexual men used in the same way as 'mate'.
1497:, which is typically lengthened at the ends of words. Rhoticity appears to be declining in both
598:, is preserved in West Saxon dialect, though not all of it was originally written in West Saxon.
3879:
2361:
big or great, used to express a large size often as extra emphasis That's a gurt big tractor!.
2052:
Goodbye or see you later, e.g. Bob: I've got to get going now, Bar. Bar: Ah? Cheers then, Bob.
5341:
5326:
5298:
5258:
5050:
5032:
4987:
4736:
4512:
4476:
4248:
4101:
4076:
4070:
3852:
3633:
3499:
3370:
2833:
that — said knowingly, i.e. to make dialect deliberately stronger. E.g. Get in thic bed!
2228:
any driver of a taxi or bus. A common gesture when disembarking from a bus is "Cheers drive!"
1816:) is often claimed to have originated from this local pronunciation, though this is contested.
1415:
1407:
1387:
827:
654:
205:
2439:
idea; In Bristol there is a propensity for local speakers to add an l to words ending with a
2358:
gurt (Cornwall, Devon, Somerset, Dorset, Bristol,Wiltshire, South Glos and the Isle of Wight)
1690:
are not straightforward cases of clear borders. Short vowels have also been reported, e.g., .
5461:
5414:
5366:
5293:
5201:
5191:
5186:
5176:
5022:
4995:
4853:
4773:
4718:
4616:
4598:
4585:
4422:
4417:
4325:
3627:
3538:
3526:
3297:
3242:
3203:
3155:
2518:
2511:
1757:
1753:
1705:
1582:
1563:
1538:
1514:
1482:
1472:
1464:
1460:
1375:
1272:
1236:
1221:
1060:
855:
710:
631:
623:
615:
545:
457:
453:
450:
112:
4320:
4237:
2382:
hark at he (Dorset, Wiltshire, Somerset, Hampshire, Isle of Wight) (pronounced 'ark a' 'ee)
1133:
proposes that some syntactical features of English, including the unique forms of the verb
5331:
5233:
5171:
5141:
5124:
4949:
4824:
4645:
4621:
4593:
4564:
4537:
4502:
4389:
3718:
3377:
3332:
3292:
3124:
2730:
2502:
2495:
2233:
1658:
word sets: . The split's "bath" vowel (appearing as the letter "a" in such other words as
1612:
1468:
1259:
may have been underestimated, specifically citing the preponderance of forms of the verbs
1229:
1028:
1005:
860:
619:
575:
500:
79:
3585:
3569:
4301:
3798:, University of Pennsylvania Working Papers in Linguistics: Vol. 18: Iss. 2, Article 10.
3557:
2902:
2792:
many meanings, but mainly to communicate gratitude, appreciation and/or mutual respect.
895:
during the Second World War. The dialogue is written in the style of the Forest dialect.
5406:
5321:
5281:
5181:
5005:
4758:
4663:
4653:
4569:
4371:
3302:
3148:
2459:
are often generally referred to as Janners, and supporters of the city's football team
1557:, more precisely approaches or , with even very front and unrounded variants such as .
1268:
1256:
1188:
972:
932:
892:
698:
681:
541:
508:
372:
160:
70:
2805:
2595:
1686:
in different parts of the West Country (RP has in such words); the isoglosses in the
630:, suffered terminal decline, dying out in the 18th century. (Its existence today is a
214:, approximately co-extensive with the areas where "West Country" varieties are spoken.
5476:
5456:
5371:
5027:
4944:
4885:
4797:
4748:
4626:
4608:
3259:
3238:
3218:
1456:
1371:
1241:
1179:
1036:, Somerset and Gloucestershire, bringing their language with them. At a later period
967:
959:
946:
882:
778:
594:
504:
426:
3710:
2825:
Somebody attempting to stir up trouble. e.g. That's not true, you spuddlin' bugger!
2374:(h)ang' about (Cornwall, Devon, Somerset, Dorset, Hampshire & the Isle of Wight)
1831:
1752:, particularly in more traditional and older speakers, so that "s" is pronounced as
17:
4959:
4807:
4686:
3527:"An Analysis of West Country Dialect Used by Hagrid in J.K. Rowling's Harry Potter"
3120:
3028:
2870:
998:
951:
864:
751:
723:
579:
524:
461:
60:
3795:
3543:
2797:
2693:
2255:
stuck up, entitled, snobbish e.g. She's a right facety one (she is very snobbish)
1170:
in more northern parts of England, with the West Country equivalent being "nawt".
4043:"How sexy is the West Country accent? YouGov compile "sexiest UK accents" survey"
3846:
2990:
Use of masculine (rather than neuter) pronouns with non-animate referents, e.g.:
2326:
grockle (Devon, Dorset, Somerset, Wiltshire,west Hampshire and the Isle of Wight)
830:(1872–1963) contains dialogue written in imitation of the local Somerset dialect.
412:
362:
304:
4191:
2706:
2637:
2350:
2287:
2177:
1918:
1864:
1411:
1252:
1150:
1002:
922:
899:
870:
786:
739:
520:
150:
3162:
A West Country accent continues to be a reason for denigration and stereotype:
3078:
may be used exclusively in the present tense, often in the present continuous;
534:
Academically the regional variations are considered to be dialectal forms. The
4870:
3327:
3230:
3195:
3181:
3143:
2606:
2141:
coupie/croupie (North Somerset,Wiltshire, Dorset, Isle of Wight & Bristol)
2046:
1951:(from "horrible"), often used for a road surface, as in "Thic road be arable"
1929:
1695:
1403:
1071:(commonly called Low German/Low Saxon) than Standard British English is, e.g.
1068:
926:
850:
834:
438:
384:
334:
238:
225:
4427:
4121:
3472:. London: Chapman & Hall. pp. 168–172 – via Internet Archive.
3342:
3234:
3226:
3222:
1631:
1419:
1379:
1162:
1045:
984:
940:
763:
646:
558:
516:
512:
492:
318:
193:
3777:
1767: – "gurt" (great), "Burdgwater" (Bridgwater) and "chillurn" (children)
650:, Edgar speaks in the West Country dialect, as one of his various personae.
3684:
1165:
in 1976, where it did nothing to dispel the "simple farmer" stereotype of
906:, died 1974) were famous for their West Country dialect, sung in a strong
4454:
4308:
3250:
3123:
is used, in the West Country dialect the object of many a verb takes the
2456:
2417:
2185:
Diddykai, Diddycoy, Diddy (Isle of Wight, Hampshire, Somerset, Wiltshire)
1836:
1399:
1225:
1213:
1197:
1166:
1037:
907:
688:, again mainly dialogue. Considered one of the first true English novels.
685:
602:
488:
476:
275:
263:
3711:"Diglossia in Anglo-Saxon England, or what was spoken Old English like?"
3421:"Wiltshire — About Wiltshire – 'Vizes excizemen on tha scent'"
2334:
grockle shell (Devon, Dorset, Somerset, Wiltshire and the Isle of Wight)
371:
An example of a working-class female with a rhotic accent from Bristol (
313:
An example of a female with a mostly rhotic accent with a background in
5391:
5386:
5196:
4542:
4469:
4464:
3207:
2068:
I do not believe you in the slightest (from older West Country English
1900:
1789:
1391:
955:
911:
903:
588:
496:
314:
271:
50:
2838:
thic/thac/they thiccy/thaccy/they (Devon, Dorset, Somerset, Wiltshire)
2342:
grockle can (Devon, Dorset, Somerset, Wiltshire and the Isle of Wight)
4459:
4439:
3322:
3263:
3211:
3202:
regional accents put the West Country accent high up, under southern
2923:
2449:
2125:
combe (Devon,Somerset,Wiltshire, Isle of Wight) (pronounced 'coombe')
1642:). For some West Country speakers, the vowel is even the same in the
1506:
1423:
1383:
1192:
The shifting of the linguistic boundary in Cornwall from 1300 to 1750
1041:
1024:
925:
perform songs composed in the dialect of Dorset (they originate from
791:
774:
484:
4309:
A Glossary of Provincial Words & Phrases in use in Somersetshire
1044:
influence, which appears to become more extensive after the time of
3904:
Tristan Cork, "The theories behind why Bristol is called Bristol",
3371:
The Southwest of England (Varieties of English around the world T5)
4224:
3796:"A Transatlantic Cross-Dialectal Comparison of Non-Prevocalic /r/"
2987:(a literal translation of "How are you?", not used as a greeting).
2907:
any young person "Ow be young un?" or "Where bist goin' youngun?"
1830:
1209:
1187:
1033:
562:
480:
422:
3217:
The West Country accent is probably most represented in film as "
3027:("Those shoes are mine" / "They are mine"). This is also used in
3019:
in conjunction with plural nouns, where Standard English demands
1948:
arable (Devon, Dorset, Somerset, Wiltshire and the Isle of Wight)
4178:
Flibberts and Skriddicks: Stories and Poems in the Devon Dialect
3655:"Ten words and phrases that prove you're Somerset born and bred"
3062:
3056:
2760:
to move awkwardly or clumsily through overgrowth or vegetation.
2479:
2377:
Wait or Pause but often exclaimed when a sudden thought occurs.
2271:
Get on, e.g. geddon chap! enthusiastic encouragement or delight
2196:
describing the state of twilight as in its getting a bit dimpsy
2038:
4336:
3848:
Practical Phonetics and Phonology: A Resource Book for Students
2656:
not from the Island, a mainland person. Extremely common usage
1842:
Some of these terms are obsolete, but some are in current use.
467:
The West Country is often defined as encompassing the official
2346:
1267:
in South West England and their grammatical similarity to the
936:
3558:
The Somersetshire dialect: its pronunciation, 2 papers (1861)
2889:
Where is it? e.g. Dorchester, where's it to? It's in Dorset.
2886:
Where's it to? (Cornwall, Dorset, Devon, Somerset, Wiltshire)
1870:
to be afraid, e.g. Dorset's official motto, "Who's afear'd".
1541:
611:(13th century) is a notable example of a work in the dialect.
3822:. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 343–345. Print.
3258:
may also have added to the association. West Country native
2704:
poached, -ing up (North Somerset but also recently heard on
2173:
daps (Bristol, Wiltshire, Dorset, Somerset, Gloucestershire)
1235:
In recent years, the traffic has reversed, with the revived
879:, which features the title character's girlfriend's dialect.
394:
344:
286:
4098:
Blackbeard, the pirate: a reappraisal of his life and times
2501:
to thicken, particularly in reference to dairy products — '
1792:, a terminal "a" can be realised as the sound – e.g.
1715:
The word-final letter "y" is pronounced or ; for example:
1569:
1517:
1275:
forms as opposed to the forms in other Germanic languages.
3771:
3769:
3767:
3765:
3763:
2225:
drive (Bristol, Gloucestershire, Somerset & Wiltshire)
1763:
In words containing "r" before a vowel, there is frequent
1027:(West-Saxons) had been founded in the 6th century. As the
1023:
into the west of modern-day England, where the kingdom of
274:
characters. For an introductory guide on IPA symbols, see
2729:
Apple pumace from the cider-wring (either from pumace or
1585:
1566:
1153:, a comic North Somerset/Bristol band from whom the term
421:
An example of a male with a partially rhotic accent from
2217:
Dreckley (Cornwall, Devon, Somerset & Isle of Wight)
2176:
sportshoes (plimsolls or trainers) (also used widely in
4156:
John Kjederqvist: "The Dialect of Pewsey (Wiltshire)",
3835:. 5th ed. Croydon: Hodder Education, 2012, p. 62. Print
3115:
Nominative pronouns as indirect objects. For instance,
1983:
many meanings, most commonly used to mean a gurt emmet
1012:, which formed the earliest English language standard.
726:(1840–1928) often use the dialect in dialogue, notably
3560:
Thomas Spencer Baynes, first published 1855 & 1856
3445:
Buckler, William E. (1956) "Blackmore's Novels before
2636:
multiple meanings, including "oh yes". Popularised by
4187:. Edited by Mrs. Gwatkin. London and Plymouth, 1839.
3873:"Dialect Contact, Dialectology and Sociolinguistics"
1485:
1196:
Although the English language gradually spread into
1019:
The dialects have their origins in the expansion of
578:
dialect was the standard literary language of later
5359:
5312:
5267:
5247:
5159:
5075:
5068:
4986:
4918:
4772:
4717:
4706:
4699:
4644:
4607:
4584:
4523:
4485:
4408:
4399:
4388:
4379:
3730:
3728:
3726:
1899:Alright me Babber? (Somerset), Gloucestershire and
736:
Wiltshire Rhymes and Tales in the Wiltshire Dialect
191:
186:
178:
143:
76:
66:
56:
46:
41:
4158:Transactions of the Philological Society 1903–1906
3831:Hughes, Arthur, Peter Trudgill, and Dominic Watt.
3008:prefix may be used to denote the past participle;
30:"Ooh arr" redirects here. Not to be confused with
4326:Dialect Syntax in the South West of England (pdf)
3949:, London, Herbert Jenkins Limited, Author's Note.
3713:, in Studia Anglica Posnaniensia, 40, pp 87–110.
3198:as the protagonist experiences the modern world.
2817:Dry after a bath, shower or swim by evaporation.
2247:that, e.g. Giss et peak (Give me that pitchfork)
1067:In some cases, many of these forms are closer to
3921:"H2g2 - A Conversation for Talking Point: Slang"
1856:acker (North Somerset, Hampshire, Isle of Wight)
1712:, generally when in any syllable-final position.
1577:in polysyllabic words is typically realised as .
1374:, or Anglo-Cornish (to avoid confusion with the
843:(1929–2021) wrote often about the West Country.
3164:
1505:in some areas of the West Country, for example
1057:
910:accent. His legacy lives on in the present day
2849:What have you done with that pile of thistles
1708:: use of the glottal stop as an allophone of
1670:, etc.) can also be represented by the sounds
719:(1855–1867) also use some dialect in dialogue.
548:languages depending on the specific location.
4348:
3498:Goldman-Armstrong, Abram (7 September 2015).
3229:tradition of the West Country. Edward Teach (
2973:("how are you?") This has its origins in the
1967:am not e.g. "I baint afear'd o' thic wopsy".
464:, an area found in the southwest of England.
460:used by much of the native population of the
8:
4021:"West Country accent 3rd sexiest in Britain"
2982:
2981: – language; compare the modern German
1008:, the West Country dialects derive from the
962:, a character who has a West Country accent.
3845:Collins, Beverley; Mees, Inger M. (2013) ,
3531:Journal of Literature and Language Teaching
891:is a television play about children in the
847:was about his childhood village and beyond.
833:Albert John Coles, (1876–1965), writing as
5382:Comparison of American and British English
5251:
5072:
4780:
4714:
4703:
4405:
4396:
4385:
4355:
4341:
4333:
4312:, Longmans, Green, Reader & Dyer, 1873
4064:
4062:
4060:
3814:
3812:
3810:
3808:
3806:
3804:
3778:"Accents of English from Around the World"
3776:Heggarty, Paul; et al., eds. (2013).
3487:. Newport, IW: Isle of Wight County Press.
2625:old butt (Gloucestershire, Forest of Dean)
2598:(Dorset, Gloucestershire, south Hampshire)
2204:state of undress (from French deshabille)
1844:
1760:"v". This feature is now exceedingly rare.
1750:Initial fricative consonants can be voiced
582:England, and consequently the majority of
204:
38:
4164:A Grammar of the Dialect of West Somerset
3741:. Cornwall County Council. Archived from
3542:
2847:Whad'v'ee done wi' thaccy pile o'dashels?
2789:Sound (Devon & North Gloucestershire)
2696:, plimmed (North Somerset,west Hampshire)
2476:Jasper (Devon, Wiltshire, West Hampshire)
1991:to lose your temper (from a character in
965:Berk, the central monster character from
3878:. University of Fribourg. Archived from
3851:(3rd ed.), Routledge, p. 171,
2521:or further away — not a Portlander
1891:Alright me Ansum? (Cornwall & Devon)
5493:Languages attested from the 6th century
4280:BBC Devon: Dialect (with pronunciation)
3820:Accents of English 2: The British Isles
3500:"Scrumpy and Western: Cider Soundtrack"
3363:
3132:Social stigma and future of the dialect
2401:female and male piglets, respectively.
2329:tourist, visitor or gypsy (derogatory)
2117:comical (North Somerset, Isle of Wight)
1779:merger is common, with both pronounced
268:question marks, boxes, or other symbols
2776:male piglets that have been castrated
2749:a scratch or scrape usually on a limb
2685:pitching (Bristol,Somerset, Wiltshire)
2268:Geddon alt; geddy on (Crediton, Devon)
2133:coombe (Devon, North Somerset, Dorset)
2120:peculiar, e.g. 'e were proper comical
2057:cheerzen/Cheers'en (Somerset, Bristol)
1216:, many of the Cornish objected to the
988:speaks with a strong Wiltshire accent.
777:, records the native Cornish language
436:
382:
332:
3653:Milligan, Daniel (17 February 2014).
3389:Yardley, Jonathan (9 December 2003).
3318:Shakespeare In Original Pronunciation
2144:crouch, as in the phrase coupie down
7:
5452:Non-native pronunciations of English
4197:A Dialogue in the Devonshire Dialect
4151:Glossary of Words in Use in Cornwall
3665:from the original on 8 December 2015
3401:from the original on 3 November 2012
3313:International Talk Like a Pirate Day
1533:, more precisely approaches , , or .
859:(1959) portray a somewhat idealised
701:' Dorset dialect poetry (1801–1886).
4124:. Wordsmith.org. 7 September 2006.
3784:from the original on 26 April 2016.
3506:from the original on 6 October 2015
2574:massive or large, often to benefit
2416:hucky duck (Somerset, particularly
2337:caravan or motor home (derogatory)
804:'Zummerzet speech' is discussed in
592:and the poetic Biblical paraphrase
3986:"This is Bristol; real life drama"
3945:Jan Stewer (A. J. Coles) (1980). "
2112:(pronounced "shooting") guttering
2049:(Dorset/Wiltshire/Gloucestershire)
2026:Bunny (West Hampshire/East Dorset)
1440:Jonnick — Pleasant, agreeable
1073:
565:accent invented for broadcasting.
552:In literature, film and television
25:
4257:, by "Uncle Jan Trenoodle", 1845?
4128:from the original on 1 April 2013
4031:from the original on 5 July 2015.
3992:from the original on 14 July 2014
3966:from the original on 9 March 2012
3927:from the original on 15 July 2015
3055:'they/those', the plural form of
2688:settling on the ground (of snow)
2468:Janny Reckon (Cornwall and Devon)
2077:chine (East Dorset/Isle of Wight)
1943:a resident of the Isle of Wight.
531:, is becoming increasingly rare.
3691:from the original on 17 May 2014
3687:. The Cornish Language Council.
3427:from the original on 3 July 2010
3184:(a character from the folk song
2398:hilts and gilts (North Somerset)
2385:listen to him, often sarcastic.
2239:tourist or visitor (derogatory)
1835:"Dreckly" on souvenir clocks in
1581:
1562:
1537:
1513:
1493:is specifically realised as the
1481:
437:Problems playing this file? See
410:
383:Problems playing this file? See
360:
333:Problems playing this file? See
302:
5488:Languages of the United Kingdom
4075:. Bloomsbury USA. p. 313.
3391:"'Tom Jones,' as Fresh as Ever"
3308:History of the English language
3233:) was a native of Bristol, and
2781:smooth (Bristol & Somerset)
2765:skew-whiff (Dorset & Devon)
2609:(Isle of Wight/Gloucestershire)
2353:carrying tourists (derogatory)
1905:Similar to "Alright me ansum".
1320:You are (dialect: "(Th)ee be")
971:, voiced by actor and comedian
713:'s (1815–1882) series of books
665:for their strong Devon accents.
561:", a kind of catchall southern
27:Variety of the English language
5402:English-based creole languages
4263:Poetry from South West England
3147:, set in the Somerset city of
2436:ideal (Bristol,North Somerset)
2165:daddy granfer (North Somerset)
2065:chinny reckon (North Somerset)
2060:Thank you (from Cheers, then)
1959:e.g. "They'm a bad lot, mind"
1:
5442:List of English-based pidgins
4212:Studies in the Dorset Dialect
4149:M. A. Courtney; T. Q. Couch:
4100:. Winston-Salem, N.C: Blair.
3544:10.15642/NOBEL.2016.7.1.25-35
3338:List of Cornish dialect words
2969:for the second person, e.g.:
2830:thic (Dorset, North Somerset)
2645:Ort/Ought Nort/Nought (Devon)
2617:Now we're farming. (Somerset)
2601:friendly greeting as in mate
2236:(Cornwall and North Somerset)
1738:, etc. and sometimes a short
1111:You are (archaic "Thou art")
935:, lead singer with the group
853:'s (1914–1997) works such as
622:) descended from the ancient
5437:Linguistic purism in English
4321:1902 Wessex Dialect Glossary
4072:Piracy: The Complete History
3910:. Retrieved 28 December 2023
3833:English Accents and Dialects
3709:Tristram, Hildegard (2004),
3525:Santika, Rika (April 2016).
3104:where Standard English uses
3051:, both from the Anglo-Saxon
2784:to stroke (e.g. cat or dog)
2393:light-headedness, giddiness
2072:'I don't reckon/calculate')
1940:Appleknocker (Isle of Wight)
1137:, originate rather with the
997:Until the 19th century, the
5483:English language in England
4538:London & Thames Estuary
3780:. University of Edinburgh.
3262:'s performance in the 1950
2935:The second person singular
2680:phrase used to calm babies
2669:Parcel of ol' Crams (Devon)
2428:huppenstop (North Somerset)
2260:gallybagger (Isle of Wight)
2209:doughboy (Dorset, Somerset)
2093:chuggy pig (North Somerset)
1688:Linguistic Atlas of England
1634:(though some pronounce the
1292:Present tense (subjunctive)
661:were noted at the Court of
5514:
5397:English as a lingua franca
4275:A Devon Dialect Vocabulary
4249:Cornish Dialect Dictionary
4122:"A.Word.A.Day – buccaneer"
3451:Nineteenth-Century Fiction
2994:("put it over there") and
2894:wopsy (Devon & Dorset)
2773:slit pigs (North Somerset)
2661:Overlander (Isle of Wight)
2487:keendle teening (Cornwall)
1921:(Hampshire, Isle of Wight)
1728:Survey of English Dialects
1396:Survey of English Dialects
1287:Present Tense (short form)
1208:of 1549, which centred on
1177:
738:(1894) and other works by
586:, including the epic poem
537:Survey of English Dialects
29:
5377:Broad and general accents
5287:regional and occupational
5254:
5120:
5046:
4783:
4672:
3685:"Cussel an Tavaz Kernuak"
3139:Richard Brinsley Sheridan
2845:Put it in this box here.
2768:crooked, slanting, awry.
2579:mallyshag (Isle of Wight)
2201:dizzibles (Isle of Wight)
2034:Caulkhead (Isle of Wight)
1455:West Country accents are
1174:Celtic-language influence
1161:" reached the top of the
1143:Celtic language influence
845:Footsteps from East Coker
767:are both set in Cornwall.
729:Tess of the D'Urbervilles
716:Chronicles of Barsetshire
254:
219:
203:
4306:Wadham Pigott Williams,
4255:Cornish Provincial Words
4234:Bristol Dialect/Glossary
4207:, Bradford-on-Avon, 1979
3794:Piercy, Caroline (2012)
3736:"Cornish Language Study"
3453:, vol. 10 (1956), p. 183
3082:("Where are you going?")
3001:("That's a nice scarf").
2865:wandering, aimless (see
2841:This, that, those. e.g.
2284:gleanie (North Somerset)
2109:chuting (North Somerset)
1980:Beached Whale (Cornwall)
1956:Bad Lot (North Somerset)
1894:How are you, my friend?
1297:Standard British English
1184:Brittonicisms in English
1088:Standard British English
32:Ooh Ahh (disambiguation)
4265:, by "Les Merton", 2006
4096:Lee, Robert E. (1974).
4047:northdevonjournal.co.uk
3988:. Thisisbristol.co.uk.
3717:3 November 2023 at the
3659:This is the Westcountry
3626:Sullock, Jason (2012).
3502:. Cidercraft Magazine.
3483:Stone, Percy G (1932).
3255:The Pirates of Penzance
3063:
3057:
2965:may be used instead of
2800:(Dorset, Isle of Wight)
2677:piggy widden (Cornwall)
2653:Overner (Isle of Wight)
2366:haling (North Somerset)
2318:granfergrig (Wiltshire)
1972:bauy, bay, bey (Exeter)
1875:Alaska (North Somerset)
1309:I am (dialect: "I be")
1279:Bos: Cornish verb to be
758:The Pirates of Penzance
705:Walter Hawken Tregellas
479:, and the counties of,
210:The official region of
4555:Received Pronunciation
4171:The Devonshire Dialect
4069:Angus Konstam (2008).
3629:Oo do ee think ee are?
3376:12 August 2011 at the
3178:
3117:Don't tell I, tell'ee!
3100:Use of the past tense
3080:Where be you going to?
2983:
2878:wuzzer/wazzin (Exeter)
2843:Put'n in thic yer box.
2547:Madderdo'ee (Cornwall)
2452:(Devon, esp. Plymouth)
2252:facety/facetie (Glos.)
2101:chump (North Somerset)
1839:
1477:Received Pronunciation
1437:Goco — A bluebell
1224:, who died in 1676 at
1193:
1065:
584:Anglo-Saxon literature
399:
349:
291:
256:This article contains
156:West Saxon Old English
4749:Multicultural Toronto
3947:A Parcel of Ol' Crams
3599:Garton, J.A. (1971).
3275:Blackbeard the Pirate
3237:and English hero Sir
3206:but a long way above
3171:Anonymous editorial,
3112:("I wrote a letter").
2738:scag (North Somerset)
2733:pomme meaning apple)
2526:Love, My Love, Luvver
2390:headlights (Cornwall)
2152:a picnic lunch, crib
1834:
1623:, for example making
1495:retroflex approximant
1218:Book of Common Prayer
1206:Prayer Book Rebellion
1191:
1159:The Combine Harvester
1014:Thomas Spencer Baynes
914:and other so-called "
888:Blue Remembered Hills
823:A Glastonbury Romance
810:Charles George Harper
628:Prayer Book Rebellion
398:
348:
290:
182:West Country dialects
4910:Western Pennsylvania
4291:"A Somerset Dialect"
3818:Wells, J.C. (1982).
3601:"A Somerset Dialect"
3574:William Thomas Shore
3348:Newfoundland English
3247:Gilbert and Sullivan
3191:Western Morning News
3095:Newfoundland English
3089:to denote location.
2555:maid (Dorset, Devon)
2302:gramersow (Cornwall)
2128:steep wooded valley
2085:chiggy wig (Dorset)
2080:steep wooded valley
2029:steep wooded valley
2002:Billy Baker (Yeovil)
747:Gilbert and Sullivan
447:West Country English
166:Early Modern English
123:West Country English
42:West Country English
18:West Country dialect
5447:Mid-Atlantic accent
5038:Trinidad and Tobago
3632:. Lulu. p. 3.
3031:but differentiated
3025:They shoes are mine
2867:A Pair of Blue Eyes
2814:sprieve (Wiltshire)
2276:gert lush (Bristol)
2244:et (North Somerset)
2104:log (for the fire)
1883:Allernbatch (Devon)
1808:itself (originally
1248:Brythonic languages
1155:Scrumpy and Western
1139:Brythonic languages
993:History and origins
939:, has a pronounced
916:Scrumpy and Western
235: /
4970:Pennsylvania Dutch
3908:, 16 November 2019
3469:The Somerset Coast
3464:Harper, Charles G.
3353:South West England
3288:Bristolian dialect
3035:meaning those and
2854:tinklebob (Dorset)
2751:BBC Voices Project
2699:swell up, swollen
1935:perhaps, possibly
1910:Alright my Luvver?
1840:
1560:Word-final "-ing"
1194:
1010:West Saxon dialect
806:The Somerset Coast
784:R. D. Blackmore's
659:Sir Walter Raleigh
608:Sumer is icumen in
473:South West England
454:language varieties
400:
350:
292:
212:South West England
103:North Sea Germanic
5470:
5469:
5355:
5354:
5155:
5154:
5064:
5063:
4982:
4981:
4978:
4977:
4903:Pacific Northwest
4764:Standard Canadian
4695:
4694:
4640:
4639:
4580:
4579:
4297:on 26 April 2006.
4240:on 24 March 2016.
4162:Etsko Kruisinga:
4107:978-0-89587-032-2
4082:978-1-84603-240-0
4053:on 24 March 2015.
4025:bristolpost.co.uk
3871:Trudgill, Peter.
3858:978-0-415-50650-2
3485:Songs of the Soil
2992:put'ee over there
2919:
2918:
2881:Was she?/Was he?
2862:wambling (Dorset)
2294:gockey (Cornwall)
2188:Gypsy, Traveller
2157:cuzzel (Cornwall)
2149:crowst (Cornwall)
1796:as "cinemaw" and
1773:As a result, the
1742:in words such as
1368:
1367:
1353:You are (plural)
1126:
1125:
982:from Channel 4's
863:childhood in the
828:John Cowper Powys
816:Songs of the Soil
655:Sir Francis Drake
416:
366:
308:
282:
281:
264:rendering support
260:phonetic symbols.
16:(Redirected from
5505:
5367:English language
5252:
5073:
5056:Falkland Islands
4955:General American
4928:African-American
4781:
4715:
4704:
4406:
4397:
4386:
4357:
4350:
4343:
4334:
4298:
4293:. Archived from
4236:. Archived from
4225:Sounds Familiar?
4176:Clement Marten:
4169:Clement Marten:
4138:
4137:
4135:
4133:
4118:
4112:
4111:
4093:
4087:
4086:
4066:
4055:
4054:
4049:. Archived from
4039:
4033:
4032:
4017:
4011:
4008:
4002:
4001:
3999:
3997:
3982:
3976:
3975:
3973:
3971:
3956:
3950:
3943:
3937:
3936:
3934:
3932:
3917:
3911:
3901:
3895:
3894:
3892:
3890:
3884:
3877:
3868:
3862:
3861:
3842:
3836:
3829:
3823:
3816:
3799:
3792:
3786:
3785:
3773:
3758:
3757:
3755:
3753:
3748:on 5 August 2018
3747:
3740:
3732:
3721:
3707:
3701:
3700:
3698:
3696:
3681:
3675:
3674:
3672:
3670:
3650:
3644:
3643:
3623:
3617:
3616:
3614:
3612:
3607:on 26 April 2006
3603:. Archived from
3596:
3590:
3583:
3577:
3567:
3561:
3555:
3549:
3548:
3546:
3522:
3516:
3515:
3513:
3511:
3495:
3489:
3488:
3480:
3474:
3473:
3460:
3454:
3443:
3437:
3436:
3434:
3432:
3417:
3411:
3410:
3408:
3406:
3386:
3380:
3368:
3298:Cornish language
3204:Scottish English
3176:
3156:Standard English
3091:Where's that to?
3074:In other areas,
3066:
3060:
2999:e's a nice scarf
2998:
2986:
2822:spuddler (Devon)
2571:mackey (Bristol)
2563:maggoty (Dorset)
2550:Does it matter?
2542:— Throw it here
2490:candle lighting
2410:Will o' the wisp
1845:
1782:
1758:Standard English
1754:Standard English
1741:
1733:
1711:
1706:t-glottalisation
1701:
1685:
1677:
1657:
1653:
1649:
1645:
1637:
1622:
1618:
1611:associated with
1608:
1592:
1591:
1588:
1587:
1576:
1575:
1572:
1571:
1568:
1548:
1547:
1544:
1543:
1524:
1523:
1520:
1519:
1492:
1491:
1488:
1487:
1473:Scottish accents
1376:Cornish language
1283:
1282:
1240:England, or the
1237:Cornish language
1222:Chesten Marchant
1074:
1006:Mercian dialects
856:Cider with Rosie
711:Anthony Trollope
624:British language
616:Cornish language
418:
417:
397:
368:
367:
347:
310:
309:
289:
250:
249:
247:
246:
245:
240:
239:50.717°N 3.717°W
236:
233:
232:
231:
228:
208:
196:
82:
39:
21:
5513:
5512:
5508:
5507:
5506:
5504:
5503:
5502:
5473:
5472:
5471:
5466:
5351:
5308:
5263:
5243:
5151:
5147:Solomon Islands
5116:
5060:
5042:
4974:
4965:New York Latino
4940:American Indian
4920:
4914:
4775:
4768:
4709:
4691:
4677:Channel Islands
4668:
4636:
4603:
4576:
4519:
4481:
4391:
4375:
4361:
4302:Somerset voices
4289:
4221:
4203:Norman Rogers:
4146:
4144:Further reading
4141:
4131:
4129:
4120:
4119:
4115:
4108:
4095:
4094:
4090:
4083:
4068:
4067:
4058:
4041:
4040:
4036:
4019:
4018:
4014:
4009:
4005:
3995:
3993:
3984:
3983:
3979:
3969:
3967:
3958:
3957:
3953:
3944:
3940:
3930:
3928:
3919:
3918:
3914:
3902:
3898:
3888:
3886:
3885:on 2 April 2015
3882:
3875:
3870:
3869:
3865:
3859:
3844:
3843:
3839:
3830:
3826:
3817:
3802:
3793:
3789:
3775:
3774:
3761:
3751:
3749:
3745:
3738:
3734:
3733:
3724:
3719:Wayback Machine
3708:
3704:
3694:
3692:
3683:
3682:
3678:
3668:
3666:
3652:
3651:
3647:
3640:
3625:
3624:
3620:
3610:
3608:
3598:
3597:
3593:
3584:
3580:
3568:
3564:
3556:
3552:
3524:
3523:
3519:
3509:
3507:
3497:
3496:
3492:
3482:
3481:
3477:
3462:
3461:
3457:
3444:
3440:
3430:
3428:
3419:
3418:
3414:
3404:
3402:
3397:. pp. C1.
3395:Washington Post
3388:
3387:
3383:
3378:Wayback Machine
3369:
3365:
3361:
3333:Late West Saxon
3293:Cornish dialect
3284:
3269:Treasure Island
3177:
3175:, 7 August 2008
3170:
3134:
3125:nominative case
3110:I writ a letter
3067:'she/that' and
2996:
2932:
2757:scrope (Dorset)
2633:Ooh Arr (Devon)
2535:Ling (Cornwall)
2461:Plymouth Argyle
2021:daddy longlegs
2010:blige (Bristol)
1988:Benny (Bristol)
1878:I will ask her
1823:
1756:"z" and "f" as
1655:
1651:
1647:
1643:
1606:
1584:
1580:
1565:
1561:
1540:
1536:
1516:
1512:
1484:
1480:
1452:
1447:
1445:Characteristics
1372:Cornish dialect
1230:Dolly Pentreath
1186:
1180:Cornish dialect
1176:
1131:recent research
1029:Kings of Wessex
995:
958:novels feature
921:The folk group
861:Gloucestershire
801:
792:Exmoor district
695:
672:
663:Queen Elizabeth
641:
576:Late West Saxon
571:
554:
501:Gloucestershire
444:
443:
435:
433:
432:
431:
430:
419:
411:
408:
401:
395:
390:
389:
381:
379:
378:
377:
376:
369:
361:
358:
351:
345:
340:
339:
331:
329:
328:
327:
326:
323:Sophie Anderson
311:
303:
300:
293:
287:
262:Without proper
243:
241:
237:
234:
229:
226:
224:
222:
221:
215:
192:
174:
146:
139:
83:
80:Language family
78:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
5511:
5509:
5501:
5500:
5495:
5490:
5485:
5475:
5474:
5468:
5467:
5465:
5464:
5459:
5454:
5449:
5444:
5439:
5434:
5429:
5424:
5423:
5422:
5417:
5409:
5407:Englishisation
5404:
5399:
5394:
5389:
5384:
5379:
5374:
5369:
5363:
5361:
5357:
5356:
5353:
5352:
5350:
5349:
5344:
5339:
5334:
5329:
5324:
5318:
5316:
5314:Southeast Asia
5310:
5309:
5307:
5306:
5301:
5296:
5291:
5290:
5289:
5279:
5273:
5271:
5265:
5264:
5262:
5261:
5255:
5249:
5245:
5244:
5242:
5241:
5236:
5231:
5229:South Atlantic
5226:
5225:
5224:
5219:
5209:
5204:
5199:
5194:
5189:
5184:
5179:
5174:
5169:
5163:
5161:
5157:
5156:
5153:
5152:
5150:
5149:
5144:
5139:
5138:
5137:
5127:
5121:
5118:
5117:
5115:
5114:
5109:
5104:
5099:
5094:
5093:
5092:
5081:
5079:
5070:
5066:
5065:
5062:
5061:
5059:
5058:
5053:
5047:
5044:
5043:
5041:
5040:
5035:
5030:
5025:
5020:
5019:
5018:
5011:Cayman Islands
5008:
5003:
4998:
4992:
4990:
4984:
4983:
4980:
4979:
4976:
4975:
4973:
4972:
4967:
4962:
4957:
4952:
4947:
4942:
4937:
4936:
4935:
4924:
4922:
4921:ethno-cultural
4916:
4915:
4913:
4912:
4907:
4906:
4905:
4900:
4890:
4889:
4888:
4883:
4878:
4873:
4868:
4858:
4857:
4856:
4846:
4845:
4844:
4839:
4829:
4828:
4827:
4817:
4816:
4815:
4810:
4805:
4800:
4790:
4784:
4778:
4770:
4769:
4767:
4766:
4761:
4756:
4751:
4746:
4745:
4744:
4739:
4729:
4723:
4721:
4712:
4701:
4697:
4696:
4693:
4692:
4690:
4689:
4684:
4679:
4673:
4670:
4669:
4667:
4666:
4661:
4656:
4650:
4648:
4642:
4641:
4638:
4637:
4635:
4634:
4629:
4624:
4619:
4613:
4611:
4605:
4604:
4602:
4601:
4596:
4590:
4588:
4582:
4581:
4578:
4577:
4575:
4574:
4573:
4572:
4567:
4557:
4552:
4551:
4550:
4545:
4535:
4529:
4527:
4521:
4520:
4518:
4517:
4516:
4515:
4513:Stoke-on-Trent
4510:
4505:
4495:
4489:
4487:
4483:
4482:
4480:
4479:
4474:
4473:
4472:
4467:
4462:
4457:
4447:
4442:
4437:
4432:
4431:
4430:
4420:
4414:
4412:
4403:
4394:
4383:
4377:
4376:
4372:Modern English
4362:
4360:
4359:
4352:
4345:
4337:
4331:
4330:
4329:
4328:
4323:
4315:
4314:
4313:
4304:
4299:
4284:
4283:
4282:
4277:
4269:
4268:
4267:
4259:
4251:
4243:
4242:
4241:
4228:
4220:
4219:External links
4217:
4216:
4215:
4210:Bertil Widén:
4208:
4205:Wessex Dialect
4201:
4188:
4181:
4180:, Exeter, 1983
4174:
4173:, Exeter, 1974
4167:
4160:
4154:
4145:
4142:
4140:
4139:
4113:
4106:
4088:
4081:
4056:
4034:
4012:
4003:
3977:
3951:
3938:
3912:
3896:
3863:
3857:
3837:
3824:
3800:
3787:
3759:
3722:
3702:
3676:
3645:
3638:
3618:
3591:
3578:
3562:
3550:
3517:
3490:
3475:
3455:
3438:
3412:
3381:
3362:
3360:
3357:
3356:
3355:
3350:
3345:
3340:
3335:
3330:
3325:
3320:
3315:
3310:
3305:
3303:Dorset dialect
3300:
3295:
3290:
3283:
3280:
3186:Widecombe Fair
3168:
3133:
3130:
3129:
3128:
3113:
3098:
3083:
3072:
3039:the plural of
3013:
3002:
2988:
2960:
2931:
2928:
2917:
2916:
2913:
2909:
2908:
2905:
2899:
2898:
2895:
2891:
2890:
2887:
2883:
2882:
2879:
2875:
2874:
2863:
2859:
2858:
2855:
2851:
2850:
2839:
2835:
2834:
2831:
2827:
2826:
2823:
2819:
2818:
2815:
2811:
2810:
2801:
2794:
2793:
2790:
2786:
2785:
2782:
2778:
2777:
2774:
2770:
2769:
2766:
2762:
2761:
2758:
2754:
2753:
2747:
2743:
2742:
2739:
2735:
2734:
2727:
2726:pummy (Dorset)
2723:
2722:
2719:
2715:
2714:
2711:
2701:
2700:
2697:
2690:
2689:
2686:
2682:
2681:
2678:
2674:
2673:
2670:
2666:
2665:
2662:
2658:
2657:
2654:
2650:
2649:
2646:
2642:
2641:
2634:
2630:
2629:
2626:
2622:
2621:
2618:
2614:
2613:
2610:
2603:
2602:
2599:
2592:
2591:
2588:
2584:
2583:
2580:
2576:
2575:
2572:
2568:
2567:
2564:
2560:
2559:
2556:
2552:
2551:
2548:
2544:
2543:
2536:
2532:
2531:
2527:
2523:
2522:
2515:
2507:
2506:
2499:
2492:
2491:
2488:
2484:
2483:
2477:
2473:
2472:
2469:
2465:
2464:
2453:
2446:
2445:
2441:
2440:
2437:
2433:
2432:
2429:
2425:
2424:
2421:
2413:
2412:
2407:
2403:
2402:
2399:
2395:
2394:
2391:
2387:
2386:
2383:
2379:
2378:
2375:
2371:
2370:
2367:
2363:
2362:
2359:
2355:
2354:
2343:
2339:
2338:
2335:
2331:
2330:
2327:
2323:
2322:
2319:
2315:
2314:
2311:
2307:
2306:
2303:
2299:
2298:
2295:
2291:
2290:
2285:
2281:
2280:
2277:
2273:
2272:
2269:
2265:
2264:
2261:
2257:
2256:
2253:
2249:
2248:
2245:
2241:
2240:
2237:
2230:
2229:
2226:
2222:
2221:
2218:
2214:
2213:
2210:
2206:
2205:
2202:
2198:
2197:
2194:
2193:dimpsy (Devon)
2190:
2189:
2186:
2182:
2181:
2174:
2170:
2169:
2166:
2162:
2161:
2158:
2154:
2153:
2150:
2146:
2145:
2142:
2138:
2137:
2134:
2130:
2129:
2126:
2122:
2121:
2118:
2114:
2113:
2110:
2106:
2105:
2102:
2098:
2097:
2094:
2090:
2089:
2086:
2082:
2081:
2078:
2074:
2073:
2066:
2062:
2061:
2058:
2054:
2053:
2050:
2043:
2042:
2035:
2031:
2030:
2027:
2023:
2022:
2019:
2018:Boris (Exeter)
2015:
2014:
2011:
2007:
2006:
2003:
1999:
1998:
1989:
1985:
1984:
1981:
1977:
1976:
1973:
1969:
1968:
1965:
1964:baint (Dorset)
1961:
1960:
1957:
1953:
1952:
1949:
1945:
1944:
1941:
1937:
1936:
1933:
1926:
1925:
1922:
1915:
1914:
1911:
1907:
1906:
1903:
1896:
1895:
1892:
1888:
1887:
1884:
1880:
1879:
1876:
1872:
1871:
1868:
1861:
1860:
1857:
1853:
1852:
1849:
1829:
1828:
1822:
1819:
1818:
1817:
1786:
1785:
1784:
1768:
1761:
1747:
1736:suck, but, cup
1724:
1713:
1703:
1693:
1692:
1691:
1613:London English
1578:
1558:
1534:
1510:
1479:. Often, this
1451:
1448:
1446:
1443:
1442:
1441:
1438:
1366:
1365:
1362:
1359:
1355:
1354:
1351:
1348:
1344:
1343:
1340:
1337:
1333:
1332:
1329:
1326:
1322:
1321:
1318:
1315:
1311:
1310:
1307:
1304:
1300:
1299:
1294:
1289:
1257:Middle English
1175:
1172:
1124:
1123:
1120:
1117:
1113:
1112:
1109:
1106:
1102:
1101:
1098:
1095:
1091:
1090:
1085:
1080:
994:
991:
990:
989:
978:Archaeologist
976:
973:Willie Rushton
963:
944:
933:Andy Partridge
930:
919:
896:
893:Forest of Dean
880:
868:
848:
838:
831:
819:
813:
800:
797:
796:
795:
782:
773:a farmer from
768:
743:
733:
722:The novels of
720:
708:
702:
699:William Barnes
694:
691:
690:
689:
682:Henry Fielding
671:
668:
667:
666:
651:
640:
637:
636:
635:
612:
599:
570:
567:
553:
550:
509:Worcestershire
449:is a group of
434:
420:
409:
406:Speech example
404:
403:
402:
393:
392:
391:
380:
373:Julie Burchill
370:
359:
356:Speech example
354:
353:
352:
343:
342:
341:
330:
312:
301:
298:Speech example
296:
295:
294:
285:
284:
283:
280:
279:
266:, you may see
252:
251:
244:50.717; -3.717
217:
216:
209:
201:
200:
197:
189:
188:
187:Language codes
184:
183:
180:
176:
175:
173:
172:
171:
170:
169:
168:
161:Middle English
149:
147:
144:
141:
140:
138:
137:
136:
135:
134:
133:
132:
131:
130:
129:
128:
127:
126:
125:
118:Old West Saxon
86:
84:
77:
74:
73:
68:
64:
63:
58:
54:
53:
48:
47:Native to
44:
43:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
5510:
5499:
5496:
5494:
5491:
5489:
5486:
5484:
5481:
5480:
5478:
5463:
5460:
5458:
5455:
5453:
5450:
5448:
5445:
5443:
5440:
5438:
5435:
5433:
5430:
5428:
5427:International
5425:
5421:
5418:
5416:
5413:
5412:
5410:
5408:
5405:
5403:
5400:
5398:
5395:
5393:
5390:
5388:
5385:
5383:
5380:
5378:
5375:
5373:
5370:
5368:
5365:
5364:
5362:
5358:
5348:
5345:
5343:
5340:
5338:
5335:
5333:
5330:
5328:
5325:
5323:
5320:
5319:
5317:
5315:
5311:
5305:
5302:
5300:
5297:
5295:
5292:
5288:
5285:
5284:
5283:
5280:
5278:
5275:
5274:
5272:
5270:
5266:
5260:
5257:
5256:
5253:
5250:
5246:
5240:
5237:
5235:
5232:
5230:
5227:
5223:
5220:
5218:
5215:
5214:
5213:
5210:
5208:
5205:
5203:
5200:
5198:
5195:
5193:
5190:
5188:
5185:
5183:
5180:
5178:
5175:
5173:
5170:
5168:
5165:
5164:
5162:
5158:
5148:
5145:
5143:
5140:
5136:
5133:
5132:
5131:
5128:
5126:
5123:
5122:
5119:
5113:
5110:
5108:
5107:Torres Strait
5105:
5103:
5100:
5098:
5095:
5091:
5088:
5087:
5086:
5083:
5082:
5080:
5078:
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5057:
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5049:
5048:
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5039:
5036:
5034:
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5026:
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5017:
5014:
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5009:
5007:
5004:
5002:
4999:
4997:
4994:
4993:
4991:
4989:
4985:
4971:
4968:
4966:
4963:
4961:
4958:
4956:
4953:
4951:
4948:
4946:
4943:
4941:
4938:
4934:
4931:
4930:
4929:
4926:
4925:
4923:
4917:
4911:
4908:
4904:
4901:
4899:
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4895:
4894:
4891:
4887:
4884:
4882:
4879:
4877:
4874:
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4869:
4867:
4864:
4863:
4862:
4859:
4855:
4852:
4851:
4850:
4847:
4843:
4842:North-Central
4840:
4838:
4835:
4834:
4833:
4830:
4826:
4823:
4822:
4821:
4820:New York City
4818:
4814:
4811:
4809:
4806:
4804:
4801:
4799:
4796:
4795:
4794:
4791:
4789:
4786:
4785:
4782:
4779:
4777:
4771:
4765:
4762:
4760:
4757:
4755:
4754:Ottawa Valley
4752:
4750:
4747:
4743:
4740:
4738:
4735:
4734:
4733:
4730:
4728:
4725:
4724:
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4705:
4702:
4698:
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4678:
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4583:
4571:
4568:
4566:
4563:
4562:
4561:
4558:
4556:
4553:
4549:
4548:Multicultural
4546:
4544:
4541:
4540:
4539:
4536:
4534:
4531:
4530:
4528:
4526:
4522:
4514:
4511:
4509:
4508:Black Country
4506:
4504:
4501:
4500:
4499:
4498:West Midlands
4496:
4494:
4493:East Midlands
4491:
4490:
4488:
4484:
4478:
4475:
4471:
4468:
4466:
4463:
4461:
4458:
4456:
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4232:
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4222:
4218:
4213:
4209:
4206:
4202:
4199:
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4193:
4189:
4186:
4183:Mrs. Palmer:
4182:
4179:
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4048:
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4030:
4026:
4022:
4016:
4013:
4007:
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3991:
3987:
3981:
3978:
3965:
3962:. Dsl.ac.uk.
3961:
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3639:9781291148411
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3289:
3286:
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3279:
3277:
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3271:
3270:
3265:
3261:
3260:Robert Newton
3257:
3256:
3252:
3248:
3244:
3240:
3239:Francis Drake
3236:
3232:
3228:
3224:
3220:
3219:pirate speech
3215:
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2799:
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2744:
2740:
2737:
2736:
2732:
2728:
2725:
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2698:
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2639:
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2632:
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2605:
2604:
2600:
2597:
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2585:
2581:
2578:
2577:
2573:
2570:
2569:
2565:
2562:
2561:
2557:
2554:
2553:
2549:
2546:
2545:
2541:
2540:Ling 'ee 'ere
2537:
2534:
2533:
2528:
2525:
2524:
2520:
2517:someone from
2516:
2513:
2509:
2508:
2504:
2503:kerned yogurt
2500:
2497:
2494:
2493:
2489:
2486:
2485:
2481:
2478:
2475:
2474:
2470:
2467:
2466:
2462:
2458:
2454:
2451:
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2442:
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2430:
2427:
2426:
2422:
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2415:
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2411:
2408:
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2400:
2397:
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2376:
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2365:
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2344:
2341:
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2336:
2333:
2332:
2328:
2325:
2324:
2320:
2317:
2316:
2312:
2309:
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2304:
2301:
2300:
2296:
2293:
2292:
2289:
2286:
2283:
2282:
2278:
2275:
2274:
2270:
2267:
2266:
2262:
2259:
2258:
2254:
2251:
2250:
2246:
2243:
2242:
2238:
2235:
2232:
2231:
2227:
2224:
2223:
2219:
2216:
2215:
2211:
2208:
2207:
2203:
2200:
2199:
2195:
2192:
2191:
2187:
2184:
2183:
2179:
2175:
2172:
2171:
2167:
2164:
2163:
2159:
2156:
2155:
2151:
2148:
2147:
2143:
2140:
2139:
2135:
2132:
2131:
2127:
2124:
2123:
2119:
2116:
2115:
2111:
2108:
2107:
2103:
2100:
2099:
2095:
2092:
2091:
2087:
2084:
2083:
2079:
2076:
2075:
2071:
2070:ich ne reckon
2067:
2064:
2063:
2059:
2056:
2055:
2051:
2048:
2045:
2044:
2040:
2036:
2033:
2032:
2028:
2025:
2024:
2020:
2017:
2016:
2012:
2009:
2008:
2004:
2001:
2000:
1996:
1995:
1990:
1987:
1986:
1982:
1979:
1978:
1974:
1971:
1970:
1966:
1963:
1962:
1958:
1955:
1954:
1950:
1947:
1946:
1942:
1939:
1938:
1934:
1931:
1928:
1927:
1923:
1920:
1917:
1916:
1912:
1909:
1908:
1904:
1902:
1898:
1897:
1893:
1890:
1889:
1885:
1882:
1881:
1877:
1874:
1873:
1869:
1866:
1863:
1862:
1858:
1855:
1854:
1850:
1847:
1846:
1843:
1838:
1833:
1825:
1824:
1820:
1815:
1811:
1807:
1803:
1799:
1795:
1791:
1787:
1778:
1777:
1772:
1771:
1769:
1766:
1762:
1759:
1755:
1751:
1748:
1745:
1737:
1729:
1725:
1722:
1718:
1714:
1707:
1704:
1697:
1694:
1689:
1683:
1675:
1669:
1665:
1661:
1641:
1633:
1630:
1626:
1614:
1610:
1603:
1602:
1600:
1596:
1590:
1579:
1574:
1559:
1556:
1552:
1546:
1535:
1532:
1528:
1522:
1511:
1508:
1504:
1503:apparent time
1500:
1496:
1490:
1478:
1474:
1470:
1466:
1462:
1458:
1454:
1453:
1449:
1444:
1439:
1436:
1435:
1434:
1432:
1427:
1425:
1421:
1417:
1413:
1409:
1405:
1401:
1397:
1393:
1389:
1385:
1381:
1377:
1373:
1363:
1360:
1357:
1356:
1352:
1349:
1346:
1345:
1341:
1338:
1335:
1334:
1331:He/she/it is
1330:
1327:
1324:
1323:
1319:
1316:
1313:
1312:
1308:
1305:
1302:
1301:
1298:
1295:
1293:
1290:
1288:
1285:
1284:
1281:
1280:
1276:
1274:
1270:
1266:
1262:
1258:
1254:
1249:
1245:
1243:
1242:Welsh Marches
1238:
1233:
1231:
1227:
1223:
1219:
1215:
1211:
1207:
1202:
1199:
1190:
1185:
1181:
1173:
1171:
1168:
1164:
1160:
1156:
1152:
1146:
1144:
1140:
1136:
1132:
1121:
1118:
1115:
1114:
1110:
1107:
1104:
1103:
1099:
1096:
1093:
1092:
1089:
1086:
1084:
1081:
1079:
1076:
1075:
1072:
1070:
1064:
1062:
1056:
1053:
1049:
1047:
1043:
1039:
1035:
1030:
1026:
1022:
1017:
1015:
1011:
1007:
1004:
1000:
992:
987:
986:
981:
977:
974:
970:
969:
968:The Trap Door
964:
961:
957:
954:
953:
948:
947:J. K. Rowling
945:
942:
938:
934:
931:
928:
924:
920:
917:
913:
909:
905:
901:
898:The songs of
897:
894:
890:
889:
884:
883:Dennis Potter
881:
878:
877:
876:Daniel Martin
872:
869:
866:
862:
858:
857:
852:
849:
846:
842:
839:
836:
832:
829:
825:
824:
820:
817:
814:
811:
807:
803:
802:
798:
793:
789:
788:
783:
780:
779:Cranken Rhyme
776:
772:
769:
766:
765:
760:
759:
754:
753:
748:
744:
741:
737:
734:
731:
730:
725:
721:
718:
717:
712:
709:
706:
703:
700:
697:
696:
692:
687:
683:
679:
678:
674:
673:
669:
664:
660:
656:
652:
649:
648:
643:
642:
638:
633:
629:
625:
621:
617:
613:
610:
609:
604:
600:
597:
596:
591:
590:
585:
581:
577:
573:
572:
568:
566:
564:
560:
551:
549:
547:
543:
539:
538:
532:
530:
526:
522:
518:
514:
510:
506:
505:Herefordshire
502:
498:
494:
490:
486:
482:
478:
474:
470:
465:
463:
459:
455:
452:
448:
442:
440:
428:
427:Martin Turner
424:
407:
388:
386:
374:
357:
338:
336:
324:
320:
316:
299:
277:
273:
269:
265:
261:
259:
253:
248:
220:Coordinates:
218:
213:
207:
202:
198:
195:
190:
185:
181:
177:
167:
164:
163:
162:
159:
158:
157:
154:
153:
152:
148:
142:
124:
121:
120:
119:
116:
115:
114:
111:
110:
109:
108:Anglo-Frisian
106:
105:
104:
101:
100:
99:
98:West Germanic
96:
95:
94:
91:
90:
89:
88:Indo-European
85:
81:
75:
72:
69:
65:
62:
59:
55:
52:
49:
45:
40:
37:
33:
19:
5498:West Country
5212:South Africa
5207:Sierra Leone
4960:Miami Latino
4849:Philadelphia
4837:Inland North
4742:Newfoundland
4560:West Country
4559:
4374:by continent
4307:
4295:the original
4262:
4254:
4238:the original
4214:, Lund, 1949
4211:
4204:
4195:
4184:
4177:
4170:
4166:, Bonn, 1905
4163:
4157:
4150:
4130:. Retrieved
4116:
4097:
4091:
4071:
4051:the original
4046:
4037:
4024:
4015:
4006:
3994:. Retrieved
3980:
3968:. Retrieved
3954:
3946:
3941:
3929:. Retrieved
3915:
3906:Bristol News
3905:
3899:
3887:. Retrieved
3880:the original
3866:
3847:
3840:
3832:
3827:
3819:
3790:
3750:. Retrieved
3743:the original
3705:
3693:. Retrieved
3679:
3667:. Retrieved
3658:
3648:
3628:
3621:
3609:. Retrieved
3605:the original
3594:
3581:
3565:
3553:
3537:(1): 25–35.
3534:
3530:
3520:
3508:. Retrieved
3493:
3484:
3478:
3468:
3458:
3450:
3446:
3441:
3429:. Retrieved
3415:
3403:. Retrieved
3394:
3384:
3366:
3273:
3267:
3253:
3241:hailed from
3216:
3200:
3189:
3179:
3173:Bristol Post
3172:
3165:
3161:
3153:
3142:
3135:
3121:oblique case
3116:
3109:
3105:
3101:
3090:
3086:
3079:
3075:
3068:
3052:
3048:
3044:
3040:
3036:
3032:
3029:Modern Scots
3024:
3020:
3016:
3009:
3005:
2995:
2991:
2984:Wie bist du?
2970:
2966:
2962:
2956:
2948:
2947:forms used,
2944:
2940:
2936:
2920:
2871:Thomas Hardy
2846:
2842:
2804:
2705:
2587:mang (Devon)
2582:caterpillar
2539:
2444:In any case
2313:grandfather
2069:
1992:
1924:at any time
1841:
1813:
1809:
1805:
1797:
1793:
1775:
1743:
1735:
1720:
1716:
1687:
1667:
1663:
1659:
1639:
1628:
1624:
1598:
1594:
1554:
1550:
1530:
1526:
1430:
1428:
1392:West Penwith
1369:
1296:
1291:
1286:
1278:
1277:
1264:
1260:
1246:
1234:
1203:
1195:
1147:
1142:
1134:
1127:
1087:
1082:
1077:
1069:modern Saxon
1066:
1058:
1054:
1050:
1018:
999:West Country
996:
983:
980:Phil Harding
966:
952:Harry Potter
950:
886:
874:
865:Five Valleys
854:
844:
821:
815:
805:
799:20th century
785:
762:
756:
752:The Sorcerer
750:
735:
727:
724:Thomas Hardy
714:
693:19th century
675:
670:18th century
645:
639:17th century
606:
593:
587:
569:Early period
555:
535:
533:
528:
525:urbanisation
466:
462:West Country
446:
445:
255:
122:
61:West Country
36:
5337:Philippines
5130:New Zealand
5016:Bay Islands
4996:The Bahamas
4919:Social and
4876:New Orleans
4793:New England
4687:Isle of Man
4632:Port Talbot
4533:East Anglia
4450:Northumbria
4192:Mary Palmer
3960:"SND: thae"
3669:29 November
3447:Lorna Doone
3405:31 December
3085:The use of
3061:'he/that',
2979:Anglo-Saxon
2977: – or
2975:Old English
2912:zat (Devon)
2857:an icicle.
2707:The Archers
2638:the Wurzels
2510:Kimberlin (
2457:Plymothians
2288:guinea fowl
2178:South Wales
2041:and caulk.
1810:Bridgestowe
1802:"Bristol l"
1412:Kilkhampton
1253:Old English
1204:During the
1151:The Wurzels
1061:King Alfred
1040:came under
1021:Anglo-Saxon
1003:Old English
923:The Yetties
900:Adge Cutler
871:John Fowles
787:Lorna Doone
740:Edward Slow
580:Anglo-Saxon
521:Oxfordshire
270:instead of
242: /
151:Old English
145:Early forms
5477:Categories
5277:Bangladesh
5269:South Asia
5222:Cape Flats
5172:The Gambia
5097:Aboriginal
4933:vernacular
4898:California
4871:High Tider
4866:Appalachia
4727:Aboriginal
4659:South-West
4503:Birmingham
4460:Sunderland
4445:Manchester
4435:Lancashire
4190:"A Lady":
3611:25 January
3572:; Author:
3510:21 October
3359:References
3328:Jan Stewer
3245:in Devon.
3231:Blackbeard
3196:stereotype
3182:Jan Stewer
3144:The Rivals
3071:'it/that'.
2953:contracted
2806:irgendwann
2718:proper job
2498:(Somerset)
2321:woodlouse
2305:woodlouse
2279:very good
2263:scarecrow
2168:woodlouse
2096:woodlouse
2088:Woodlouse
2005:woodlouse
1994:Crossroads
1821:Vocabulary
1765:metathesis
1698:: initial
1696:h-dropping
1632:homophones
1459:like most
1404:Egloshayle
1178:See also:
1078:Low German
927:Yetminster
918:" artists.
851:Laurie Lee
841:David Foot
835:Jan Stewer
826:(1933) by
808:(1909) by
771:John Davey
680:(1749) by
439:media help
385:media help
335:media help
5342:Singapore
5304:Sri Lanka
5259:Hong Kong
5085:variation
5077:Australia
4988:Caribbean
4854:Baltimore
4737:Lunenburg
4682:Gibraltar
4599:Highlands
4477:Yorkshire
4440:Liverpool
4286:Somerset
4245:Cornwall
3343:Mummerset
3243:Tavistock
3235:privateer
3227:fisherman
3223:seafaring
3012:("gone").
2971:how bist?
2566:fanciful
2538:to throw
2406:hinkypunk
2369:coughing
2212:dumpling
1886:old sore
1776:fool-fall
1607:TRAP–BATH
1450:Phonology
1420:St Buryan
1380:Mousehole
1364:They are
1163:UK charts
1108:Thee bist
1097:I be/A be
1046:Athelstan
985:Time Team
941:Wiltshire
764:Ruddigore
749:operetta
684:, set in
677:Tom Jones
647:King Lear
559:Mummerset
517:Berkshire
513:Hampshire
493:Wiltshire
319:Wiltshire
194:ISO 639-3
67:Ethnicity
5462:Standard
5432:Learning
5420:Nerrière
5411:Globish
5327:Malaysia
5299:Pakistan
5239:Zimbabwe
5167:Cameroon
5001:Barbados
4732:Atlantic
4700:Americas
4617:Abercraf
4586:Scotland
4565:Cornwall
4486:Midlands
4470:Teesside
4465:Tyneside
4455:Pitmatic
4418:Cheshire
4364:Dialects
4230:Bristol
4132:13 April
4126:Archived
4029:Archived
3990:Archived
3970:13 April
3964:Archived
3925:Archived
3782:Archived
3752:5 August
3715:Archived
3689:Archived
3663:Archived
3504:Archived
3466:(1909).
3431:18 April
3425:Archived
3399:Archived
3374:Archived
3282:See also
3278:(1952).
3251:operetta
3169:—
3141:'s play
3108:. e.g.:
2903:young'un
2897:a wasp.
2798:somewhen
2519:Weymouth
2512:Portland
2418:Radstock
1867:(Dorset)
1851:Meaning
1837:Cornwall
1781:/fuː(l)/
1593:, as in
1549:, as in
1525:, as in
1465:American
1461:Canadian
1400:Altarnun
1226:Gwithian
1214:Cornwall
1198:Cornwall
1167:Somerset
1145:below.)
1083:Somerset
1038:Cornwall
908:Somerset
686:Somerset
603:medieval
489:Somerset
477:Cornwall
276:Help:IPA
179:Dialects
93:Germanic
5392:Engrish
5387:E-Prime
5360:Related
5347:Vietnam
5332:Myanmar
5202:Nigeria
5197:Namibia
5187:Liberia
5069:Oceania
5051:Bermuda
5023:Jamaica
4950:Chicano
4788:Midland
4774:United
4710:America
4646:Ireland
4622:Cardiff
4594:Glasgow
4543:Cockney
4423:Cumbria
4401:England
4392:Britain
4368:accents
4317:Wessex
3931:14 July
3423:. BBC.
3208:Cockney
3015:Use of
2930:Grammar
2694:plim up
2628:friend
2590:to mix
2310:granfer
2013:blimey
1932:(Devon)
1919:anywhen
1901:Bristol
1865:afear'd
1859:friend
1814:Bristow
1806:Bristol
1798:America
1790:Bristol
1416:Mullion
1408:Gwinear
1388:St Ives
1342:We are
1273:Cornish
1141:. (See
1105:Du büst
956:fantasy
912:Wurzels
904:Nailsea
732:(1891).
632:revival
605:period
601:In the
589:Beowulf
546:Cornish
529:accents
497:Bristol
458:accents
451:English
315:Bristol
272:Unicode
227:50°43′N
71:English
51:England
5415:Gogate
5322:Brunei
5234:Uganda
5217:accent
5192:Malawi
5160:Africa
5135:accent
5090:accent
5033:Samaná
5006:Bequia
4825:accent
4798:Boston
4776:States
4759:Quebec
4719:Canada
4708:North
4664:Ulster
4654:Dublin
4570:Dorset
4428:Barrow
4390:Great
4381:Europe
4271:Devon
4104:
4079:
3996:2 July
3889:30 May
3855:
3695:2 July
3636:
3589:p. 393
3449:" in:
3323:Janner
3264:Disney
3212:Scouse
3023:e.g.:
3010:a-went
2951:often
2943:) and
2924:tyning
2746:scrage
2731:French
2607:nipper
2450:Janner
2297:idiot
2047:cheers
1930:'appen
1848:Phrase
1794:cinema
1721:silly
1717:party
1654:, and
1507:Dorset
1457:rhotic
1424:St Ewe
1422:, and
1384:Newlyn
1122:He is
1094:Ik bün
1042:Wessex
1025:Wessex
960:Hagrid
902:(from
775:Zennor
620:Breton
595:Judith
485:Dorset
469:region
230:3°43′W
113:Anglic
57:Region
5457:Plain
5372:Basic
5294:Nepal
5282:India
5182:Kenya
5177:Ghana
5142:Palau
5102:South
4945:Cajun
4886:Texas
4881:Older
4861:South
4832:North
4808:Maine
4627:Gower
4609:Wales
4525:South
4410:North
3883:(PDF)
3876:(PDF)
3746:(PDF)
3739:(PDF)
3266:film
3106:wrote
3021:those
2997:'
2915:soft
2558:girl
2351:coach
2349:or a
2234:Emmet
2160:soft
1684:]
1680:[
1676:]
1672:[
1660:grass
1656:START
1609:split
1551:house
1527:guide
1469:Irish
1350:Bowgh
1269:Welsh
1265:to do
1261:to be
1210:Devon
1135:to be
1119:He be
1116:He is
1100:I am
1034:Devon
867:area.
653:Both
618:(and
563:rural
542:Welsh
481:Devon
423:Devon
5248:Asia
5125:Fiji
5112:West
5028:Saba
4893:West
4813:West
4803:East
4366:and
4134:2013
4102:ISBN
4077:ISBN
3998:2014
3972:2013
3933:2015
3891:2023
3853:ISBN
3754:2018
3697:2014
3671:2015
3634:ISBN
3613:2013
3587:1906
3512:2023
3433:2010
3407:2006
3225:and
3210:and
3149:Bath
3102:writ
3047:and
3045:she
3037:thay
3033:thae
3017:they
2963:Bist
2949:thee
2945:thou
2939:(or
2937:thee
2596:mush
2496:kern
2480:wasp
2039:rope
1975:boy
1827:etc.
1744:aunt
1726:The
1723:etc.
1668:path
1652:PALM
1648:BATH
1644:TRAP
1640:palm
1627:and
1625:palm
1621:/ɑː/
1619:and
1604:The
1595:trap
1531:life
1501:and
1499:real
1471:and
1386:and
1370:The
1361:Bons
1347:Owgh
1271:and
1263:and
1255:and
1212:and
1182:and
761:and
745:The
657:and
614:The
574:The
544:and
519:and
499:and
456:and
317:and
4370:of
3539:doi
3249:'s
3069:þæt
3064:sēo
3004:An
2967:are
2957:'ee
2869:by
2347:bus
1812:or
1788:In
1740:/a/
1734:in
1732:/ʊ/
1710:/t/
1700:/h/
1678:or
1664:ask
1638:in
1636:/l/
1629:Pam
1617:/æ/
1599:cat
1597:or
1555:cow
1553:or
1529:or
1431:cwm
1358:Yns
1339:Byn
1306:Biv
949:'s
937:XTC
885:'s
873:'s
644:In
471:of
258:IPA
5479::
4194::
4059:^
4045:.
4027:.
4023:.
3923:.
3803:^
3762:^
3725:^
3661:.
3657:.
3533:.
3529:.
3393:.
3151:.
3087:to
3076:be
3058:sē
3053:þā
3049:it
3043:,
3041:he
3006:a-
2955:to
2941:ye
2873:)
2809:.
2505:'
2482:.
2345:a
2180:)
1997:)
1719:,
1682:aː
1674:æː
1666:,
1662:,
1650:,
1646:,
1542:aʊ
1518:aɪ
1467:,
1463:,
1426:.
1418:,
1414:,
1410:,
1406:,
1402:,
1398::
1382:,
1336:On
1328:Bo
1325:Yw
1317:Bi
1314:Os
1303:Ov
929:).
634:).
515:,
511:,
507:,
495:,
491:,
487:,
483:,
475::
429:).
375:).
325:).
4356:e
4349:t
4342:v
4136:.
4110:.
4085:.
4000:.
3974:.
3935:.
3893:.
3756:.
3699:.
3673:.
3642:.
3615:.
3547:.
3541::
3535:7
3514:.
3435:.
3409:.
3127:.
2959:.
2922:"
2710:)
2514:)
2420:)
1783:.
1746:.
1589:/
1586:æ
1583:/
1573:/
1570:ŋ
1567:ɪ
1564:/
1545:/
1539:/
1521:/
1515:/
1509:.
1489:/
1486:r
1483:/
1228:(
975:.
812:.
794:.
781:.
742:.
557:"
441:.
425:(
387:.
337:.
321:(
278:.
199:–
34:.
20:)
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