1402:), entered the Urban Burgers restaurant and fired at the patrons, mostly foreign tourists and expats, killing three and injuring numerous others. Dhuhulow had made a phone call to his uncle in Egypt, Abdi Mohammed Dhuhulow, where he claimed responsibility for the ongoing assault. Dhuhulow reportedly told his uncle to watch BBC and Al Jazeera, stating, "I am responsible for that. Say bye to the family." Earlier in the attack, Dhuhulow had been shot in the leg by Constable Ali Miraji, who had initially mistaken the attackers for General Service Unit (GSU) officers. CCTV footage from inside the mall showed Dhuhulow limping with a blood-soaked bandage around his left knee. The attackers had discarded their cell phone numbers two days prior to the siege, but two of their new numbers were traced to a location in Eastleigh and later to Westgate, where they arrived shortly before the attack began. By 1:15 p.m, all four gunmen regrouped together in a supermarket. The militants let an expatriate woman and her two children leave the store, along with an injured Kenyan teenage girl. Shortly after, the militants got into their first major confrontation with armed police, which would continue on throughout the day. Cameras in the mall revealed the gunmen carried
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said that they had seen dozens wounded. An unnamed local hospital reported that it was overwhelmed with the number of wounded being brought in and that it had consequently diverted victims to a second facility. At least 71 people were killed, including four terrorists. In addition to numerous
Kenyans who were killed, at least 19 foreigners of different nationalities also died. The National Disaster Operation Centre said that the wounded ranged in age from 2 to 78. Sources said 175 people were wounded, including 11 soldiers. There are also claims of torture carried out by the terrorists. Notable victims included Kenyan journalist
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mall. An
Artcaffe employee, Patrick Kuria, said: "We started by hearing gunshots downstairs and outside. Later we heard them come inside. We took cover. Then we saw two gunmen wearing black turbans. I saw them shoot." Some of the casualties were at the entrance to the mall after the assailants moved outside and a stand-off then commenced with police. Ambulances were present at the mall as rescuers started moving emerging victims. Reports indicated children were among the victims, and patrons that were carrying small children were among those trapped. Mall security guards used shopping carts to ferry out wounded children.
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ruled that
Hussein Hassan Mustafa and Mohammed Ahmed Abdi found guilty of conspiracy to commit a terrorist act. In the case of the third defendant, there was not enough evidence to prove the conspiracy charge, so he was acquitted. Earlier, in January 2019, an accused had also been acquitted in the same case for lack of evidence. However, after proving the prosecution's charge, Otsieno Namwaya, a senior Africa researcher at Human Rights Watch, claimed that neither the attackers nor the masterminds had been brought to justice now, the convicts were only bystanders in the case.
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Abdi, Liban
Abdullah, Adnan Ibrahim and Hussein Hassan, they were accused of supporting terrorist elements in Kenya, harboring the gunmen in their homes, illicitly registering as a Kenyan citizen, and obtaining false identification documents. However, none of the men were accused of being the shooters involved in the siege, the latter of whom Kenyan military officials asserted had all died. All four of the accused men pleaded not guilty to the allegations, with no attorney representing them. The court ordered the men to be detained until a hearing in a week's time.
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Kenyans in our land, now it's time to shift the battleground and take the war to their land", said one post. "The attack at #WestgateMall is just a very tiny fraction of what
Muslims in Somalia experience at the hands of Kenyan invaders," said another. They warned the Kenyan government that any attempt by Kenyan forces to attempt a roof landing would jeopardise the lives of hostages. Twitter suspended the account before the attack had ended.
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1345:. He reported his findings through Al-Shabaab’s chain of command who then submitted plans to Al-Shabaab’s senior operations commander, Abdirahman Sandhere and was approved by the emir of Al-Shabaab, Ahmed Godane shortly after. All four attackers arrived around three months before the siege. Adam Garaar was killed after a drone strike on 12 March 2015. Garaar was in a vehicle hit by a missile near the town of
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the first floor, where the Recce Squad and the soldiers mistakenly engaged in a shootout. The commander of the Recce Squad, Martin Munene, was killed, and two officers were injured. In the aftermath, the Recce Squad members withdrew from the operation, followed by the withdrawal of the army, leaving no significant Kenyan presence in the mall for several hours.
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it up to the upstairs parking lot, where a children’s cooking competition was being held. They approached and threw grenades and opened fire indiscriminately. One of the militants said in
English: “In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. We’ve come to kill you Christians and Kenyans for what you are doing in Somalia."
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looking to send the message that they are still a force to be reckoned with." The suggestion that there had been a
British perpetrator in their ranks was strongly rejected by Al-Shabaab. Kenyan officials later lowered the estimated number of gunmen to four to six militants, when it was previously estimated as ten.
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condemned the assault and pledged full support to Kenyan authorities in their investigation, offering to deploy an
Incident Response Team consisting of specialised forensic officers, counter-terrorism experts, operational assistants and analysts. Noble, in an interview with ABC, indicated that in the
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On 7 October 2020, a Kenyan court sentenced three defendants accused of helping
Islamic militants in 2013 in preparation for an attack on Nairobi’s shopping mall. More than 140 witnesses were heard in the case before the verdict was handed down. In the verdict, Nairobi Chief Magistrate Francis Andayi
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reported that Kenya had prior intelligence of an attack in
Nairobi, and that there were reports of NIS agents being at Westgate a few hours before the attack. From its start, the investigation was hampered by a wide range of conflicting eyewitness testimony about the number of attackers, the gunmen's
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British police officers based in Kenya arrived on the scene to help Kenyan counter-terrorism officials, and Kenyan officials began an investigation. Security was also tightened in public places across Kenya. Ten arrests were reported on 24 September. In announcing the end of operations, Kenyatta said
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district. They throw three grenades, one hits a nearby coffee shop, while two hit a security booth nearby. The four militants split into pairs. One pair made for the main pedestrian entrance, while the other continued along the front of the building toward the vehicle entrance. Two of the gunman made
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that the attack was in retaliation for Kenyan troops entering Somalia and that the timing was deliberately chosen to be a surprise attack. al-Shabaab repeated their demands for Kenya's withdrawal from Somalia. On the day the operation ended, Rage threatened further "black days" unless Kenya withdrew
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Little is known or confirmed regarding the identites of the remaining attackers. The youngest was reportedly 19 and the oldest was 23. In 2015, Foreign Policy magazine named Ahmed Hassan Abukar as Khattab al-Kene, Mohammed Abdinur Said as Umayr al-Mogadish, and Yahya Ahmed Osman as Omar Nabhan.
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terrorists, all of whom most likely escaped the mall alive. However, an investigation conducted between Kenyan and US State Department officials suggested that while there were only four gunmen who carried out the attack, they were all likely killed during the standoff. Lt. Kevin Yorke of the NYPD's
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An Al-Shabaab team, led by the Somali national Adam Garaar, conducted extensive reconnaissance of the building, noting entrances, exits, security systems, and other details. The mall’s unarmed security guards and casual checks for metal objects made it an attractive target for the group. Garaar, who
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A specialised counterterrorism unit, the Recce Squad, entered through the rooftop car park, while Kenya Defense Force soldiers simultaneously entered from the ground floor. Unfortunately, the two groups were not in communication with each other. This lack of coordination led to a tragic incident on
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Rob Van Dijk, an employee of the Dutch embassy, said that while he was eating at a restaurant the attack started with grenades and was followed by gunfire as patrons screamed and dropped to the ground. Other witnesses said the attack began at the outdoor seating area of Artcaffe at the front of the
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Al Shabaab claimed responsibility shortly after the attack began. Before it was banned, a Twitter account claiming to represent al-Shabaab posted a series of messages alleging that the attacks were "just retribution" for crimes committed by Kenya's military. "For long we have waged war against the
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Kenyan authorities arrested dozens of people in the aftermath of the attack, but had not announced any suspects directly related to the siege. On 4 November 2013, four individuals reported to be Somali nationals were charged by a Kenyan court in relation to the attack. Identified as Mohammed Ahmed
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In the days following the initial attack, Kenyan soldiers arrived at the scene to rescue people inside, and find the gunmen. Shortly after entering, however, soldiers were seen on camera looting almost every store in the mall while still under besiegement. Two soldiers were arrested and jailed for
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During the siege and for days afterwards, the toll of casualties remained unclear. Eyewitnesses were reported to have seen 50 bodies in the mall. In addition, at first there were reported hostages taken by attackers, but later it became apparent no hostages were ever held, other eyewitnesses also
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said that Al-Shabaab was not acting alone and the assault was part of an international campaign of terror; and that "two or three" US citizens and a Briton were among the attackers. "Al-Shabab are looking for relevance on an international scale – especially after a change of leadership – and is
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reported that two unnamed NIS officers had told it that the NIS had passed warnings about an attack to the police, and that a pregnant woman had been warned by her brother, an NIS officer, not to visit the Westgate mall that Saturday "because she would not be able to run with her bulging tummy".
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By nightfall, the mall remained sealed off to the public while security services searched floor by floor for the gunmen, believed to still be inside with the hostages. People continued to trickle out from hiding places. The Kenyan Red Cross said on the 24th of September that 63 people were still
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helped to save lives in the immediate aftermath of the attack. They were working as security consultants and they raced to the Westgate mall when the militants went on the rampage. Under fire, they organised the rescue of terrified shoppers. There are several similarities between this rescue by
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supermarket, where they would remain for the rest of the siege. Kenyan security forces began their operation at 4:00 p.m., almost four hours after the beginning of the attack. Most of the victims were killed in the first hour. Gunmen were seen on CCTV talking on mobile phones and bowing down in
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to try to smoke out the attackers from the cinema complex. Vehicles riddled with bullet holes were left abandoned in front of the mall. Kimaiyo said: "Our officers are on the ground carrying out an evacuation of those inside as they search for the attackers who are said to be inside." A police
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Kenyan authorities arrested dozens of people in the aftermath of the attack, but had not announced any suspects directly related to the siege. On 4 November 2013, a Kenyan court charged four Somali nationals with harbouring the gunmen in their homes, with each pleading not guilty.
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and wore civilian clothing. Police surrounded the area and urged residents to stay away. A report indicated that about 80 people were trapped in the basement, but police said that they had escorted some shoppers to safety and were trying to capture the gunmen.
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It was reported on 10 October that the police, army, and intelligence services had been engaging in "blame games" after the attack. Some international forensic teams had reportedly returned home, frustrated that they were not allowed full access to the mall.
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Intelligence Division also acknowledged that the NYPD investigation, which did not have representatives among the group of western investigators assisting Kenya with the probe, was "based solely on open-source information we gathered and is unclassified."
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On 10 October 2013, it was reported that President Kenyatta had admitted that the Westgate operation was "bungled", and undertook to carry out a complete investigation. The Kenyan Cabinet was expected to establish a formal commission of inquiry.
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1812:"forensic investigations are underway to establish the nationalities of all those involved" and suggested that a British woman and two or three Americans "may have been involved in the attack" but that could not be confirmed at the time.
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condemned the "heartless acts against defenceless civilians" and pledged to "stand shoulder to shoulder with Kenya." He also cautioned against prejudgement, saying that "we don't have any proof that the people who did this are Somali."
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On Saturday 21 September 2013, at about 12:25pm, at least four masked assailants (initially claimed by the government to be between 10 and 15) jumped out of a silver Mitsubishi Lancer on Mwanzi Road, near the front entrance of the
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in 2011 and began to plan the Westgate attack, securing support from Al-Shabaab’s leadership. The team visited Nairobi several times to inspect the mall and built a network to covertly obtain weapons, ammunition, SIM cards and a
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said Israelis were not targeted. "This time, the story is not about Israel. The minister is saying that this is an internal Kenyan issue. His security forces tell him that this terror organisation was not targeting Israelis."
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officer indicated that there were three bodies there while he pointed to a pool of blood by a children's shoe shop. He then pointed to a hamburger bar where music still played and indicated more bodies were found there.
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magazine reported the Westgate attack on 21 September lasted several hours, with the last victim killed before special Kenyan security forces entered the mall. The mall was officially declared secured on 24 September.
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A separate investigation of the attack was conducted by the New York Police Department (NYPD). The report's findings, released in December 2013, suggested that the attack had been carried out by only four
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claimed that it had seen United Nations documents that warned that in the previous month the threat of an "attempted large-scale attack" in Kenya was "elevated." After the incident, Nairobi senator
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believed to have been used by the four attackers. The shooters were named as Abu Baara al Sudani, Omar Abdul Rahim Nabhan, Khattab al Kene, and Umayr al-Mogadish. Norway's intelligence agency, the
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condemned the attacks and reiterated that the AU would continue in its fight against al-Shabaab. She also expressed the AU's solidarity with the government and people of Kenya. The
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Almost all the shooters were never definitively identified due to the condition that their bodies were found in. On the 5th of October 2015, the Kenyan government released the
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footage showed dozens of people escaping from a back entrance. Twenty people were rescued from a toy shop on the upper floor. As the Kenyan army troops arrived, they used
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At the time of the attacks, the mall was owned by Israelis, and at least four restaurants in the mall were owned/operated by Israelis, according to Israeli sources. The
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also expressed condolences and reiterated support for Kenyan and international efforts "aimed at peacekeeping, stability, democracy and nation-building in Somalia."
2009:, Hungary, India, Iran, Israel, Italy, Serbia, Somalia, Tanzania, the United States, Venezuela, and Trinidad and Tobago. Some restated their condemnation during the
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warnings of possible attacks, Kenyan police claimed to have disrupted a major attack in its final stages of planning after arresting two people with grenades,
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Many countries expressed their condemnation of the attacks and sympathy for those affected, including Argentina, Canada, Chile, China, Colombia,
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face of large 'soft' targets, governments have a choice: security clearances at entrances or allow the citizenry to carry guns for self-defence.
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said on national television that Kenya had "overcome terrorist attacks before" and vowed to "hunt down the perpetrators wherever they run".
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The two other gunmen had been shooting at shoppers from the main entrance. One of the gunmen, Abu Baara al-Sudani (later identified as
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was the head of Al-Shabaab’s external operations unit, took advantage of Kenya’s lax security measures and relocated to the town of
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claimed that he had warned the security services of a possible attack three months previously. The country was celebrating the
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2257:"'Close Your Eyes and Pretend to Be Dead' What really happened two years ago in the bloody attack on Nairobi's Westgate Mall"
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stated that Kenya and Israel had a secret security pact. Israeli military advisers were reported to have participated in the
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Most of the victims were from Kenya’s business and political elite, as well as expatriates and the diplomatic community.
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to distinguish Muslims from non-Muslims. They also distinguished Muslims from non-Muslims by asking others to recite the
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2787:"Nairobi attack: Hostages remain trapped inside shopping centre as Al-Shabaab claim responsibility for deadly assault"
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condemned the attack and called on Kenya to note that any response must comply with international human rights law.
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4540:"Comunicado de prensa del Ministerio de Relaciones Exteriores, rechazando el ataque terrorista perpetrado en Kenia"
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4842:"Message de condoléances de SM le Roi au président kényan suite à l'attaque terroriste de Westgate mall à Nairobi"
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1451:. To Associated Press, al-Shabaab called it "a meticulous vetting process ... to separate the Muslims from the
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4309:"The African Union Strongly Condemns the Dastardly Terrorist Attacks against Innocent Civilians in Nairobi"
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THE INSIDE STORY; Wolves at Westgate [The news behind the news of 2013 terror attack in Westgate]
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3553:"Al-Shabab: foreigners in Kenya mall were "legitimate target;" let Muslims leave after vetting"
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2271:"Case Study: Terrorist Attack on Westgate Shopping Mall, Nairobi, Kenya, September 21-24, 2013"
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3495:"Nairobi Westgate Mall Siege: Up to 100 Feared Dead and Injured in Battle with Islamic Gunman"
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3956:"US forces target Al Shabaab leader linked to Kenya Westgate mall massacre in Somalia raid"
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3650:"Nairobi shopping mall attack: Kenyan president's nephew among the dead | World news"
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Al Shabaab leaders subsequently killed in retaliatory air-strikes (per Kenya's military).
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3404:"Pregnant Harvard grad killed in Kenyan terror attacks just two weeks from giving birth"
3034:"Nairobi mall attack: how an ex-SAS man and a former Irish soldier helped to save lives"
2140:"39 people killed in Kenya mall attack claimed by Somali militants; hostages still held"
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Al-Shabaab denied that any of the names attributed to any of the attackers are genuine.
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its troops from Somalia and said that the siege was just "a taste of what we will do."
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1243:
claimed responsibility for the incident, which it characterised as retribution for the
1131:
962:
850:
706:
362:
1841:
true identities, and even their ultimate fates. Over sixty persons were listed by the
6877:
6692:
6358:
6303:
6273:
6187:
5912:
5877:
5822:
5772:
2901:"Westgate mall attack: how Kenya's vibrant media exposed the army's botched response"
1964:
1919:
1403:
1310:
1230:
967:
915:
905:
895:
825:
820:
763:
736:
244:
239:
3239:"Nairobi mall attack: new CCTV footage shows soldiers 'looting from cash registers'"
200:
6072:
6027:
5952:
5942:
5757:
5700:
5359:
5339:
5309:
5179:
5154:
4109:
3981:
3884:
3856:
3716:
3364:"Kenya shopping centre attack: Ross Langdon identified as Aussie killed in Nairobi"
3314:
2530:
2322:"Nairobi shopping mall attacks: Britons among those caught up in terrorist assault"
2199:
2061:
1993:
1836:
1792:
1508:
1490:
Several other armed and unarmed civilians also participated in various rescues. An
1383:
1222:
1180:
1136:
1101:
865:
783:
560:
4794:"General Assembly OF THE UNITED NATIONS | General Debate of the 68th Session"
4135:
3862:
Kenyan authorities had been warned about threat to buildings 'day before attacks'
2011:
General debate of the sixty-eighth session of the United Nations General Assembly
6363:
6222:
6117:
6082:
5967:
5957:
5665:
5419:
5289:
5139:
5129:
3851:
3015:"Revealed: American family rescued by hero of attack on Nairobi's Westgate mall"
2094:
1979:
1480:
1422:
1086:
880:
607:
428:
392:
385:
190:
4335:"Statement by EU High Representative Catherine Ashton on the attack in Nairobi"
3198:"Report: Israeli agents backing Kenyan troops in bid to end Nairobi mall siege"
6057:
5817:
5670:
5344:
5324:
5214:
5194:
5184:
2934:
2051:
2033:
1516:
1320:
957:
773:
622:
555:
2912:
104:
91:
6227:
5515:
5304:
5269:
5234:
5109:
5074:
1842:
1545:
against the hostage takers and to have joined in the fighting, although the
1515:
missing. In Nairobi, daily business returned to normal; appeals replenished
910:
669:
4870:. South African Broadcasting Corporation. 22 September 2013. Archived from
3695:"Canada offers support to Kenya after mall attack, Canadians among victims"
3362:
Wright, Tony; Levy, Megan; Butt, Craig; Darby, Andrew (23 September 2013).
3134:"Nairobi Westgate Mall Siege: Israel and Kenya Have 'Secret Security Pact'"
2403:
1437:
to leave and that non-Muslims would be targeted. Others were asked to name
4927:
6740:
6598:
5741:
5535:
5525:
5520:
5469:
5394:
5319:
5284:
5264:
5229:
5224:
5219:
5189:
5104:
5094:
5069:
4894:"President of Republic condoles Kenyan counterpart following mall attack"
4286:
4008:"PST mener at norske Hassan Abdi Dhuhulow (23) deltok i Nairobi-terroren"
3287:
2170:
1989:
1455:". At least two people were killed for incorrectly stating the Shahada.
1447:
1442:
1426:
1411:
870:
132:
Friendly fire incident kills a police unit commander and injures two more
3942:"Analysis of Al-Shabaab's Attack at the Westgate Mall in Nairobi, Kenya"
2645:
Petrecca, Laura; Bhatti, Jabeen (Associated Press) (21 September 2013).
2547:. Canadian Broadcasting Corporation. Associated Press. 21 September 2013
6735:
5540:
5459:
5439:
5429:
5424:
5404:
5384:
5329:
5314:
5279:
5274:
5204:
5174:
5149:
5084:
5079:
5036:
5021:
4969:
4648:"Kenya: Napolitano, cordoglio per vittime barbaro attacco terroristico"
4478:"Statement by the Prime Minister of Canada on attack in Nairobi, Kenya"
2715:"Charred bodies from Kenya mall 'highly likely' to be gunmen: lawmaker"
2695:
Gettleman, Jeffrey; Kulish, Nicholas; et al. (21 September 2013).
2347:
Bariyo, Nicholas; Vogt, Heidi; Bryan-Low, Cassell (25 September 2013).
2006:
1476:
1387:
1346:
1337:
1290:
1248:
1226:
726:
721:
575:
4163:"Kenyan court finds two men guilty over Westgate shopping mall attack"
4051:"Al Shabab Calls for 'Westgate'-Style Attack in U.S., Canada and U.K."
2405:
Inside Al-Shabaab: The Secret History of Al-Qaeda's Most Powerful Ally
1827:(NIS) was strongly criticised for failing to warn of the attack after
210:
5530:
5464:
5209:
5199:
5169:
5159:
5124:
5099:
2958:"GSU officer killed at Westgate was preparing to get married: Father"
2734:"Kenya mall attackers talked on cell phone, prayed between shootings"
1452:
1434:
255:
250:
3583:"39 killed and more carnage feared as Kenya mall attackers face off"
4360:"World leaders condemn terror attack at Kenya mall, pledge support"
1795:
and Canadian diplomat Annemarie Desloges. Kenyan interior minister
1519:, and over US$ 650,000 was raised to support the affected families.
5409:
5364:
5334:
5249:
4973:
3288:"BBC News – Nairobi attack: British death toll lower than thought"
3150:
Kenya Westgate mall hostage standoff continues; death toll hits 68
2545:"Canadians die in Kenya massacre claimed by al-Qaeda-linked group"
2028:
expressed "profound emotion and indignation"; Tanzanian President
1521:
1368:
1356:
1306:
1282:
659:
467:
447:
418:
368:
357:
221:
173:
168:
83:
4938:
4311:. The African Union Commission. 21 September 2013. Archived from
4228:"Shebab Twitter account suspended after Kenya mall attack claims"
4033:"PST har ventet på FBI. Nå er konklusjonen i Westgate-saken klar"
3626:"Three terrorists down, 11 KDF soldiers injured at Westgate Mall"
5399:
2988:"Witnessing the Nairobi mall massacre | Photographers Blog"
731:
5714:
4942:
3266:"Kenyan army admits that soldiers looted Westgate during siege"
3114:"3 Israelis Escape as Nairobi Shopping Center Attack Continues"
2665:"Kenya forces deployed at Nairobi shopping mall after gunfire"
4681:"Dozens die as Islamic militants attack Kenyan shopping mall"
3738:
3185:
Israeli advisers helping Kenya in mall siege: security source
5045:
4136:"Westgate: Two found guilty over Kenya shopping mall attack"
2505:"Kenya Says Some Soldiers Looted During Nairobi Mall Attack"
2475:
The attack was a success and resulted in the death of Garar.
5710:
4797:
4408:"After Westgate, Interpol Chief Ponders 'Armed Citizenry'"
1936:
The attack has been described as one of the worst acts of
1558:
looting mobile phones and several others were questioned.
4215:"Terrorists Challenge Kenyan Government With Mall Attack"
4748:"Bolivarian Government condemns terrorist acts in Kenya"
3982:"Norwegian suspected of being Kenya mall attacker named"
3717:"Upscale mall becomes a war zone in Kenya terror attack"
3676:"Kofi Awoonor, Ghanaian poet, killed in Westgate Attack"
2465:(Press release). US Department of Defense. 18 March 2015
2171:"The September 2013 Terrorist Attack in Kenya: In Brief"
1503:
civilians and members of elite forces and the rescue at
1982:
expressed "alarm" and offered Kenyatta solidarity. The
1549:
refused to confirm or deny the presence of its forces.
4287:"Nairobi Westgate attack: Six Britons believed killed"
3880:"Hard questions emerge over handling of terror attack"
2320:
Pflanz, Mike; Alexander, Harriet (21 September 2013).
1820:, said the attackers were from "different countries."
1365:
helicopter hovers over the Westgate mall, 23 September
1217:
On 21 September 2013, four masked gunmen attacked the
58:
Smoke over Westgate shopping mall on 23 September 2013
27:
2013 terrorist attack in Nairobi, Kenya, by al-Shabaab
4340:. European External Action Service. 22 September 2013
2849:"Botch Kenya Defence Forces Westgate Mall operation?"
4634:"Pres Peres sends condolences to Kenya 22 Sept 2013"
4081:"4 Somalis Charged With Aiding Westgate Mall Attack"
3648:
Peter Walker and Guy Alexander (22 September 2013).
3089:
Stefan Smith and Peter Martell (25 September 2013).
2697:"Gunmen Kill Dozens in Terror Attack at Kenyan Mall"
1526:
Onlookers during fighting at the Westgate mall area.
6827:
6797:
6723:
6702:
6649:
6556:
6447:
6372:
6261:
5850:
5841:
5748:
5648:
5630:
5582:
5575:
5554:
5503:
5057:
4562:"Eritrea condemns al-Shabab attack in Nairobi mall"
4526:"China condemns mall attack by terrorists in Kenya"
3213:"Video shows Kenyan soldiers looting besieged mall"
1410:All four gunmen ended up inside a storeroom at the
4110:"Westgate siege: Four charged over Nairobi attack"
3804:"Kenyan president announces end to mall bloodbath"
3422:"Quién era el peruano que mató al Shabab en Kenia"
3091:"Kenyan president announces end to mall bloodbath"
1511:, Britain's highest award for civilian gallantry.
4578:(in Hungarian). 22 September 2013. Archived from
3531:"NYPD report on Kenya attack isn't US gov't view"
2647:"39 die in Kenya mall siege; hostages still held"
2531:"Nairobi attack: Kenya forces comb Westgate site"
2290:. Kenya High Commission, Tanzania. Archived from
1301:. One week before the incident and a month after
6810:Videos and audio recordings of Ayman al-Zawahiri
4675:
4673:
3389:"Kenyan Forces Say They Rescued 'Most' Hostages"
2593:"How the terrorists left Eastleigh for Westgate"
4750:(in Spanish). 23 September 2013. Archived from
4432:(in Spanish). 21 September 2013. Archived from
3909:Ilado, Paul; Kamore Maina (10 September 2013).
3873:
3871:
3869:
2805:"Explosions inside mall as stand-off nears end"
1289:, a coordinated military operation in southern
34:
6805:Videos and audio recordings of Osama bin Laden
4820:"Kenyan shopping centre attack leaves 39 dead"
4696:
4694:
4382:"INTERPOL condemns Nairobi terror 'bloodbath'"
4243:"Kenya forces battle to end deadly mall siege"
3904:
3902:
3309:
3307:
3305:
3063:"Kenya Minister Says 59 Killed in Mall Attack"
2875:"Kenya's shambolic response to Westgate siege"
2226:"Kenya charges four over Westgate mall attack"
1309:assault rifles, and suicide vests packed with
5726:
5622:United States International University Africa
4954:
4384:. Interpol. 22 September 2013. Archived from
4273:"Somalia intervention cited for mall assault"
4194:"Gunfire as standoff continues in Kenya mall"
3789:"Kenya forces say mall siege in final stages"
2619:"Battle for control of Nairobi mall rages on"
2146:. Associated Press. p. 2. Archived from
1247:'s deployment in the group's home country of
1198:
8:
6929:Al-Shabaab (militant group) attacks in Kenya
6914:Attacks on buildings and structures in Kenya
4774:"PM mourns death of 'bright son' of T&T"
3524:
3522:
3520:
3518:
3516:
3475:"PM mourns death of 'bright son' of T&T"
2732:Faith Karimi; Lillian Leposo; Nima Elbagir.
2459:"Statement on March 12 Airstrike in Somalia"
2169:Plock-Blanchard, Lauren (14 November 2013).
6909:Attacks on buildings and structures in 2013
4822:. Raidió Teilifís Éireann. 19 February 2013
4258:"Q&A: Al-Shabab defends Nairobi attack"
4075:
4073:
4071:
3783:
3781:
2640:
2638:
2636:
2491:"Deadly gunbattle in Nairobi shopping mall"
1969:Chairperson of the African Union Commission
1293:that was launched against the group by the
5847:
5733:
5719:
5711:
5579:
4961:
4947:
4939:
4608:. Press Trust of India. 23 September 2013.
4104:
4102:
2568:"'Close Your Eyes and Pretend to Be Dead'"
2349:"Kenya Starts Probe in Wake of Mall Siege"
1978:offered its support. UN Secretary-General
1205:
1191:
487:
31:
6548:2019 Naval Air Station Pensacola shooting
4620:"Iran Condemns Terrorist Attack in Kenya"
4188:
4186:
4184:
3461:"At least 68 dead in Nairobi mall attack"
2981:
2979:
2811:. Agence France-Presse. 25 September 2013
2431:"Al-Shabab Leader Killed in Drone Strike"
2288:"Joint Communique – Operation Linda Nchi"
2138:Daniel, Douglass K. (21 September 2013).
1494:man, Taff Groves, a former member of the
1147:October 2017 Kenyan presidential election
6619:Insurgency in the Maghreb (2002–present)
4456:"Argentina condena el atentado en Kenia"
4027:
4025:
3911:"WESTGATE OPERATION WAS BUNGLED - UHURU"
3739:"The Economist | Independent journalism"
3719:. inlandnewstoday.com. 24 September 2013
2485:
2483:
2255:McConnell, Tristan (20 September 2015).
1565:
4241:Vincenot, Aymeric (22 September 2013).
3441:"Cape man killed in Nairobi mall siege"
3348:was invoked but never defined (see the
3331:was invoked but never defined (see the
3084:
3082:
3080:
2121:
2040:President and Secretary-General of the
1507:. Troulan was subsequently awarded the
675:Mijikenda Kayas (Fortified settlements)
561:Olorgesailie Aechulean hand axe culture
501:
490:
6523:2015 Garissa University College attack
4844:(in French). Map.co.ma. Archived from
4734:"US condemns deadly Kenya mall attack"
4702:"Kenyan mall shooting toll reaches 62"
4602:"PM condemns terror attack in Nairobi"
4230:. Fox News Channel. 21 September 2013.
3315:"Nairobi Westgate attack: The victims"
3162:Israeli commandos join Westgate rescue
2829:Associated Press (26 September 2013).
2785:Salek, Sebastian (22 September 2013).
2756:"Dozens killed in Nairobi mall attack"
2690:
2688:
2686:
2374:"Mike Sonko claims he alerted NSIS..."
2315:
2313:
2311:
2309:
1415:Islamic prayer between their attacks.
6503:2008 Islamabad Marriott Hotel bombing
6498:2008 Islamabad Danish embassy bombing
4430:"Cancillería condenó ataque en Kenia"
3061:Jason Straziuso (21 September 2013).
1107:2010 Kenyan constitutional referendum
1092:2005 Kenyan constitutional referendum
215:National Intelligence Service (Kenya)
135:Partial collapse of the Westgate Mall
70:21 September 2013 – 24 September 2013
7:
6994:Terrorist incidents in Kenya in 2013
6710:Benevolence International Foundation
6163:Ibrahim Sulayman Muhammad al-Rubaysh
5683:
4161:Feleke, Bethlehem (7 October 2020).
3674:Vincent, Alice (22 September 2013).
3529:Jason Straziuso (13 December 2013).
3013:Laing, Aislinn (26 September 2013).
2250:
2248:
2246:
2133:
2131:
2129:
2127:
2125:
816:Imperial British East Africa Company
6954:Islamic terrorist incidents in 2013
6681:Al-Qaeda in the Indian subcontinent
6459:1998 United States embassy bombings
5788:Ali Sayyid Muhamed Mustafa al-Bakri
5562:Jomo Kenyatta International Airport
4900:. 22 September 2013. Archived from
4710:. 23 September 2013. Archived from
4480:. 21 September 2013. Archived from
3878:Mukinda, Fred (28 September 2013).
3834:'NIS GAVE ADVANCE WESTGATE WARNING'
3402:Murphy, Doyle (23 September 2013).
3343:
3326:
3112:Yanover, Yori (22 September 2013).
3093:. Yahoo! News. Agence France-Presse
2990:. Blogs.reuters.com. Archived from
2899:Mutiga, Murithi (3 November 2013).
2566:McConnell, Tristan (13 June 2024).
2379:. 25 September 2013. Archived from
2198:Okari, Dennis (22 September 2014).
2070:1998 United States embassy bombings
1277:The incident followed threats from
1050:1998 United States embassy bombings
936:Lancaster House Conferences (Kenya)
861:East African campaign (World War I)
6687:Jama'at Nasr al-Islam wal Muslimin
6513:2013 Westgate shopping mall attack
3693:Mehta, Diana (22 September 2013).
3559:. Associated Press. Archived from
3439:Legg, Kieran (23 September 2013).
3032:Howden, Daniel (2 November 2013).
2402:Maruf, Harun; Joseph, Dan (2018).
2105:List of Islamist terrorist attacks
2080:2011–14 terrorist attacks in Kenya
988:Gikuyu, Embu, and Meru Association
598:Lothagam North Monumental Cemetery
25:
6904:21st-century mass murder in Kenya
6840:Saddam–al-Qaeda conspiracy theory
6663:Al-Qaeda in the Arabian Peninsula
4868:"Zuma condemns Kenya mall attack"
4796:. Gadebate.un.org. Archived from
4622:. Tasnim News. 22 September 2013.
4576:"A Külügyminisztérium közleménye"
4039:(in Norwegian). 3 September 2015.
3764:"'25 killed' in Kenya mall siege"
2224:Suarez, K. D. (5 November 2013).
2200:"Westgate's unanswered questions"
2100:Garissa University College attack
1142:Garissa University College attack
921:Nairobi People's Convention Party
665:Thimlich Ohinga stone-built ruins
6859:
6858:
5694:
5682:
4926:
4666:(in Serbian). 22 September 2013.
4650:(in Italian). 22 September 2013.
3791:. Al Jazeera. 24 September 2013.
3428:(in Spanish). 24 September 2013.
3344:Cite error: The named reference
3327:Cite error: The named reference
2493:. Al Jazeera. 21 September 2013.
2054:
2038:Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic
1770:
1754:
1738:
1722:
1706:
1690:
1674:
1658:
1642:
1626:
1610:
1594:
1578:
1174:
876:Luo Union (Welfare Organisation)
509:
477:62 civilians killed, 163 wounded
466:
446:
427:
417:
391:
384:
375:
367:
356:
339:
323:
307:
288:
279:
268:
249:
238:
220:
209:
199:
189:
179:
167:
152:
52:
6989:September 2013 crimes in Africa
6669:Al-Qaeda in the Islamic Maghreb
6629:Yemeni civil war (2014–present)
6329:Muhammad Jafar Jamal al-Kahtani
4933:Westgate shopping mall shooting
4542:(in Spanish). 22 September 2013
4506:(in Spanish). 22 September 2013
4245:. Yahoo!. Agence France-Presse.
4196:. Al Jazeera. 21 September 2013
3237:Pflanz, Mike (3 October 2013).
3211:Dixon, Robyn (3 October 2013).
3152:. CBS News (22 September 2013).
2621:. Al Jazeera. 23 September 2013
1984:United Nations Security Council
6999:Terrorist incidents in Nairobi
6594:War in Afghanistan (2001–2021)
5973:Mohammad Hasan Khalil al-Hakim
3533:. Associated Press, Yahoo News
3391:. ABC News. 22 September 2013.
3187:. Reuters (22 September 2013).
2933:KTN News Kenya (20 May 2014).
2429:Regan, Helen (19 March 2015).
2178:Congressional Research Service
1906:The group official spokesman,
1505:Nairobi DusitD2 complex attack
1327:when the incident took place.
702:Periplus of the Erythraean Sea
1:
6964:Marketplace attacks in Africa
6924:Attacks on tourists in Africa
6894:2013 mass shootings in Africa
6508:2013 In Amenas hostage crisis
6158:Othman Ahmad Othman al-Ghamdi
6143:Adnan Gulshair el Shukrijumah
5808:Mohammed Showqi Al-Islambouli
5783:Abu Ubaidah Youssef al-Annabi
4663:Саучешће МСП Републици Кенији
3944:. New York Police Department.
3200:. Jta.org. 24 September 2013.
1825:National Intelligence Service
1117:Westgate shopping mall attack
35:Westgate shopping mall attack
6765:Kuala Lumpur al-Qaeda Summit
6634:Al-Qaeda insurgency in Yemen
6584:Afghan Civil War (1996–2001)
6574:Afghan Civil War (1992–1996)
6569:Afghan Civil War (1989–1992)
3499:International Business Times
3138:International Business Times
3065:. ABC News. Associated Press
2408:. Indiana University Press.
2032:and South African President
1538:International Business Times
1162:Presidency of Uhuru Kenyatta
1082:2002 Kenyan general election
1045:1997 Kenyan general election
1035:1992 Kenyan general election
931:Kenya African National Union
227:General Service Unit (Kenya)
6538:2016 Grand-Bassam shootings
6518:2015 Charlie Hebdo shooting
6334:Mohamed Atiq Awayd Al Harbi
6153:Harith bin Ghazi al-Nadhari
5883:Qaed Salim Sinan al-Harethi
5813:Abdukadir Mohamed Abdukadir
4410:. ABC News. 21 October 2013
1942:bombing of the U.S. embassy
1353:Shootings and initial siege
1281:in late 2011 of attacks in
998:Presidency of Jomo Kenyatta
756:Portuguese and Omani period
566:Kariandusi prehistoric site
7015:
6949:Islamic terrorism in Kenya
6934:Deaths by firearm in Kenya
6789:Global Islamic Media Front
6609:War in North-West Pakistan
6483:2004 Madrid train bombings
5978:Fahid Mohammed Ally Msalam
5903:Muhsin Musa Matwalli Atwah
2511:. Reuters. 29 October 2013
1325:International Day of Peace
1157:COVID-19 pandemic in Kenya
6919:Attacks on shopping malls
6855:
6746:Fatawā of Osama bin Laden
6473:2001 September 11 attacks
6354:Muhanad Mahmoud Al Farekh
6108:Ibrahim Haji Jama Mee'aad
5983:Sheikh Ahmed Salim Swedan
5763:Abd al-Rahman al-Maghribi
5679:
5043:
4980:
3839:26 September 2013 at the
3802:PTI (25 September 2013).
3631:28 September 2013 at the
3368:The Sydney Morning Herald
3317:. BBC. 23 September 2013.
3167:27 September 2013 at the
2762:. Reuters. Archived from
2533:. BBC. 24 September 2013.
2090:2019 Nairobi hotel attack
1373:Onlookers on a hotel roof
1127:Presidency of Mwai Kibaki
978:'Little general election'
481:
476:
456:
436:
407:
261:
145:
62:
51:
39:
18:Westgate centre shootings
6944:Hostage taking in Africa
6533:2016 Ouagadougou attacks
6528:2015 Bamako hotel attack
6068:Muhammad Sa'id Ali Hasan
6018:Ahmed Mohammed Hamed Ali
5778:Ezedin Abdel Aziz Khalil
4662:
4362:. CNN. 18 September 2013
4289:. BBC. 23 September 2013
4217:. PBS, 24 September 2013
3607:. CNN. 22 September 2013
3585:. CNN. 21 September 2013
3290:. BBC. 26 September 2013
1547:Israeli Foreign Ministry
1060:Presidency of Daniel Moi
1025:1982 coup d'état attempt
779:East African slave trade
680:Indian Ocean trade route
6974:Mass shootings in Kenya
6428:Abu Sulayman al-Muhajir
6380:Abu Ubaidah al-Banshiri
6319:Mustafa Setmariam Nasar
6284:Abd al-Rahim al-Nashiri
6248:Abdullah Ahmed Abdullah
6043:Fazul Abdullah Mohammed
5938:Abu Sulayman Al-Jazairi
5691:at Wikimedia Commons .
5661:Nairobi National Museum
5567:Mombasa–Nairobi Railway
2353:The Wall Street Journal
2085:2013 Nairobi bus attack
1908:Sheikh Ali Mohamud Rage
1479:chief photographer for
1441:of the Islamic prophet
1433:The attackers had told
1097:2007-2008 Kenyan crisis
950:Early post-independence
803:British colonial period
329:Umayr al-Mogadish
6969:Mass murder in Nairobi
6959:Israel–Kenya relations
6771:Management of Savagery
6715:Al-Haramain Foundation
6675:Egyptian Islamic Jihad
6422:Abu Omar al-Turkistani
6404:Abu Mohammad al-Julani
6289:Khalid Sheikh Mohammed
6168:Nasser bin Ali al-Ansi
5993:Saleh Ali Saleh Nabhan
5888:Mustafa Mohamed Fadhil
5051:
4504:"Comunicado de prensa"
3140:. (22 September 2013).
2809:The New Zealand Herald
2026:Mohammed VI of Morocco
1972:Nkosazana Dlamini-Zuma
1527:
1496:Irish Army Ranger Wing
1459:Friendly fire incident
1380:Westgate shopping mall
1374:
1366:
1262:On 20 September 2015,
1219:Westgate shopping mall
1122:2014 Mpeketoni attacks
534:List of years in Kenya
472:: 5 killed, 12 wounded
262:Commanders and leaders
6899:2013 murders in Kenya
6703:Charity organizations
6683:(Indian subcontinent)
6493:2007 Algiers bombings
6392:Mahfouz Ould al-Walid
6113:Abu Mansoor Al-Amriki
5998:Abdullah Said al Libi
5600:Strathmore University
5590:University of Nairobi
5049:
3860:, 28 September 2013,
3832:, 26 September 2013,
2463:Release No: NR-089-15
2377:The Kenyan Daily Post
2018:Hassan Sheikh Mohamud
1525:
1372:
1360:
1349:in southern Somalia.
993:Josiah Mwangi Kariuki
886:Kenya in World War II
457:Casualties and losses
381:Julius Waweru Karangi
373:William Saiya Aswenje
345:Khattab al-Kene
205:Administration Police
6488:2005 London bombings
6410:Abu Maria al-Qahtani
6398:Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi
6386:Abu Ubaidah al-Masri
6269:Mamdouh Mahmud Salim
6183:Abu Khalil al-Madani
6103:Abdelhamid Abou Zeid
6048:Atiyah Abd al-Rahman
5908:Abu Musab al-Zarqawi
5050:Nairobi Coat of Arms
4935:at Wikimedia Commons
4904:on 27 September 2013
4898:Sahara Press Service
4874:on 27 September 2013
4800:on 27 September 2012
4782:. 23 September 2013.
4714:on 27 September 2013
4687:. 21 September 2013.
4582:on 28 September 2013
4484:on 25 September 2013
4436:on 26 September 2013
4388:on 26 September 2013
4315:on 25 September 2013
3697:. The Canadian Press
3563:on 28 September 2013
3483:. 23 September 2013.
2994:on 24 September 2013
2946:– via YouTube.
2766:on 22 September 2013
2383:on 28 September 2013
2150:on 22 September 2013
2075:2002 Mombasa attacks
1959:International bodies
1880:Hassan Abdi Dhuhulow
1814:Kenyan Defence Chief
1777:Trinidad and Tobago
1400:Hassan Abdi Dhuhulow
1316:The Sunday Telegraph
1299:Kenya Defence Forces
1287:Operation Linda Nchi
1253:Operation Linda Nchi
1152:2018 Kenya handshake
1112:Operation Linda Nchi
973:Kenya People's Union
851:Kenya-Uganda Railway
831:Kenya-Uganda Railway
195:Kenya Police Service
185:Kenya Defence Forces
105:1.25694°S 36.80333°E
6416:Ahmad Salama Mabruk
6344:Sulaiman Abu Ghaith
6339:Younis al-Mauritani
6324:Abdul Hadi al Iraqi
6253:Abu Muhsin al-Masri
6238:Abdelmalek Droukdel
6098:Farman Ali Shinwari
6088:Abu-Zaid al Kuwaiti
5963:Abu Zubair al-Masri
5928:Abu Talha al-Sudani
5595:Kenyatta University
4754:on 27 February 2014
4458:. 21 September 2013
3680:The Daily Telegraph
3605:"Kenya mall attack"
3557:The Washington Post
3501:. 21 September 2013
2847:WAWERU, By KIUNDU.
2671:. 21 September 2013
2326:The Daily Telegraph
2144:The Washington Post
1531:Israeli involvement
1295:Somali Armed Forces
1285:in retaliation for
1255:from 2011 to 2012.
926:The Kennedy Airlift
891:Kenya African Union
856:Mekatilili Wa Menza
846:British East Africa
811:Johann Ludwig Krapf
694:Swahili city-states
608:Elmenteitan Culture
603:Kalokol Pillar Site
556:Koobi Fora Hominins
424:Kenya Army Infantry
396:Martin Munene
295:Abu Baara al Sudani
101: /
6984:Massacres in Kenya
6589:Second Chechen War
6543:2016 Bamako attack
6478:2002 Bali bombings
6314:Abu Faraj al-Libbi
6208:Abu Khayr al-Masri
6203:Mokhtar Belmokhtar
6148:Adam Yahiye Gadahn
6138:Abu Yusuf Al-Turki
6123:Abu Khalid al-Suri
6093:Said Ali al-Shihri
6033:Huthaifa al-Batawi
6023:Mohamed Abul-Khair
5923:Abu Yaqub al-Masri
5828:Abu Humam al-Shami
5803:Abu Walid al-Masri
5617:Daystar University
5052:
4848:on 12 October 2013
4056:. 23 February 2015
3921:on 12 October 2013
3446:Independent Online
2986:Tomasevic, Goran.
2721:. 18 October 2013.
2701:The New York Times
2599:. 27 November 2020
2509:The New York Times
2110:Terrorism in Kenya
1992:Secretary-General
1938:terrorism in Kenya
1789:Ruhila Adatia-Sood
1528:
1485:Mohamed Yusuf Haji
1375:
1367:
1361:A Kenyan military
1055:Terrorism in Kenya
841:German East Africa
727:History of Malindi
722:History of Mombasa
613:Cushitic expansion
313:Omar Nabhan
110:-1.25694; 36.80333
80:Westlands, Nairobi
46:Terrorism in Kenya
6979:Massacres in 2013
6871:
6870:
6864:Category:Al-Qaeda
6731:Al Qaeda Handbook
6639:Houthi insurgency
6579:First Chechen War
6564:Soviet–Afghan War
6443:
6442:
6193:Abu Firas al-Suri
6173:Nasir al-Wuhayshi
6133:Ahmed Abdi Godane
6078:Abu Yahya al-Libi
5933:Abu Laith al-Libi
5893:Haitham al-Yemeni
5868:Ayman al-Zawahiri
5708:
5707:
5644:
5643:
4931:Media related to
4606:Business Standard
4116:. 4 November 2013
4087:. 4 November 2013
4010:. 18 October 2013
3988:. 17 October 2013
3040:. Manchester, UK.
2415:978-0-253-03748-0
2294:on 16 August 2012
2016:Somali President
1918:Foreign Minister
1784:
1783:
1543:counter-offensive
1343:Mitsubishi Lancer
1237:militant Islamist
1215:
1214:
1040:HIV/AIDS in Kenya
901:Mau Mau Rebellion
769:Portuguese Empire
655:Nilotic expansion
529:Timeline of Kenya
486:
485:
141:
140:
16:(Redirected from
7006:
6884:2010s in Nairobi
6862:
6861:
6624:Syrian civil war
6604:Somali Civil War
6349:Abu Anas al-Libi
6299:Riduan Isamuddin
6294:Walid bin Attash
6279:Khalid al-Fawwaz
6213:Ibrahim al-Asiri
6198:Ahmed Refai Taha
6178:Muhsin al-Fadhli
6128:Omar Ould Hamaha
5918:Haitham al-Badri
5848:
5793:Ibrahim al-Banna
5735:
5728:
5721:
5712:
5701:Kenya portal
5699:
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5504:County divisions
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4779:Trinidad Express
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4142:. 7 October 2020
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3962:. 6 October 2013
3952:
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3917:. Archived from
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3480:Trinidad Express
3471:
3465:
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3463:. Arirang.co.kr.
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2276:. 29 March 2014.
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1797:Joseph Ole Lenku
1776:
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1200:
1193:
1181:Kenya portal
1179:
1178:
1177:
1030:Wagalla massacre
836:Nandi Resistance
637:African Iron Age
618:Eburran industry
571:Enkapune Ya Muto
513:
503:History of Kenya
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6939:Filmed killings
6874:
6873:
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6851:
6823:
6798:Video and audio
6793:
6784:Qaedat al-Jihad
6719:
6698:
6645:
6552:
6450:
6439:
6368:
6257:
6243:Khalid al-Aruri
6218:Hamza bin Laden
6053:Anwar al-Awlaki
6003:Saleh al-Somali
5898:Abu Hamza Rabia
5858:Osama bin Laden
5843:
5837:
5798:Ibrahim al Qosi
5744:
5739:
5709:
5704:
5695:
5693:
5675:
5640:
5632:
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5605:Business School
5571:
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5003:County governor
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4271:Hamza Mohamed.
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4256:Hamza Mohamed.
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3243:telegraph.co.uk
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3169:Wayback Machine
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2872:
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2835:Washington Post
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2208:
2206:
2197:
2196:
2192:
2182:
2180:
2173:
2168:
2167:
2163:
2153:
2151:
2137:
2136:
2123:
2118:
2060:
2055:
2053:
2050:
2042:Polisario Front
2003:
1961:
1934:
1929:
1900:
1868:
1809:
1771:
1769:
1755:
1753:
1739:
1737:
1723:
1721:
1707:
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1691:
1689:
1675:
1673:
1659:
1657:
1643:
1641:
1627:
1625:
1611:
1609:
1601:United Kingdom
1595:
1593:
1579:
1577:
1564:
1555:
1533:
1500:Dominic Troulan
1473:Goran Tomasevic
1470:
1461:
1363:MD 500 Defender
1355:
1333:
1275:
1245:Kenyan military
1211:
1175:
1173:
1168:
1167:
1166:
1076:
1066:
1065:
1064:
1020:Daniel Arap Moi
1014:
1004:
1003:
1002:
983:Kisumu Massacre
952:
942:
941:
940:
805:
795:
794:
793:
789:Said bin Sultan
758:
748:
747:
746:
742:Jumba la Mtwana
732:History of Lamu
717:Kilwa Sultanate
712:Swahili culture
696:
686:
685:
684:
650:Bantu expansion
645:Sirikwa culture
639:
629:
628:
627:
592:
582:
581:
580:
550:
540:
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538:
523:
497:
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315:
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166:
153:
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109:
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100:
95:
92:
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88:
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86:
57:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
7012:
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6986:
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6821:
6812:
6807:
6801:
6799:
6795:
6794:
6792:
6791:
6786:
6781:
6778:Voice of Jihad
6774:
6767:
6762:
6755:
6748:
6743:
6738:
6733:
6727:
6725:
6721:
6720:
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6712:
6706:
6704:
6700:
6699:
6697:
6696:
6690:
6684:
6678:
6672:
6671:(North Africa)
6666:
6660:
6653:
6651:
6647:
6646:
6644:
6643:
6642:
6641:
6636:
6626:
6621:
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6500:
6495:
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6480:
6475:
6470:
6461:
6455:
6453:
6445:
6444:
6441:
6440:
6438:
6437:
6434:Khalid Batarfi
6431:
6425:
6419:
6413:
6407:
6401:
6395:
6389:
6383:
6376:
6374:
6370:
6369:
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6366:
6361:
6356:
6351:
6346:
6341:
6336:
6331:
6326:
6321:
6316:
6311:
6309:Ahmed Ghailani
6306:
6301:
6296:
6291:
6286:
6281:
6276:
6271:
6265:
6263:
6259:
6258:
6256:
6255:
6250:
6245:
6240:
6235:
6233:Qasim al-Raymi
6230:
6225:
6220:
6215:
6210:
6205:
6200:
6195:
6190:
6185:
6180:
6175:
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6110:
6105:
6100:
6095:
6090:
6085:
6080:
6075:
6070:
6065:
6063:Tariq al-Dahab
6060:
6055:
6050:
6045:
6040:
6038:Ilyas Kashmiri
6035:
6030:
6025:
6020:
6015:
6013:Hamza al-Jawfi
6010:
6008:Saeed al-Masri
6005:
6000:
5995:
5990:
5988:Saad bin Laden
5985:
5980:
5975:
5970:
5965:
5960:
5955:
5950:
5948:Mohamed Moumou
5945:
5940:
5935:
5930:
5925:
5920:
5915:
5910:
5905:
5900:
5895:
5890:
5885:
5880:
5875:
5865:
5854:
5852:
5845:
5839:
5838:
5836:
5835:
5833:Sami al-Oraydi
5830:
5825:
5820:
5815:
5810:
5805:
5800:
5795:
5790:
5785:
5780:
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5754:
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5706:
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5677:
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5668:
5663:
5658:
5652:
5650:
5646:
5645:
5642:
5641:
5636:
5634:
5628:
5627:
5625:
5624:
5619:
5614:
5613:
5612:
5607:
5597:
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5586:
5584:
5577:
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5528:
5523:
5518:
5513:
5507:
5505:
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5500:
5498:
5497:
5492:
5487:
5482:
5477:
5472:
5467:
5462:
5457:
5452:
5447:
5442:
5437:
5432:
5427:
5422:
5417:
5412:
5407:
5402:
5397:
5392:
5387:
5382:
5377:
5372:
5367:
5362:
5357:
5352:
5347:
5342:
5337:
5332:
5327:
5322:
5317:
5312:
5307:
5302:
5297:
5292:
5287:
5282:
5277:
5272:
5267:
5262:
5257:
5252:
5247:
5242:
5237:
5232:
5227:
5222:
5217:
5212:
5207:
5202:
5197:
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5187:
5182:
5177:
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5167:
5162:
5157:
5152:
5147:
5142:
5137:
5132:
5127:
5122:
5117:
5112:
5107:
5102:
5097:
5092:
5087:
5082:
5077:
5072:
5067:
5061:
5059:
5058:Neighbourhoods
5055:
5054:
5044:
5042:
5040:
5039:
5034:
5029:
5024:
5019:
5018:
5017:
5007:
5006:
5005:
4997:
4992:
4987:
4981:
4978:
4977:
4968:
4966:
4965:
4958:
4951:
4943:
4937:
4936:
4922:
4921:External links
4919:
4916:
4915:
4885:
4859:
4833:
4811:
4785:
4765:
4739:
4725:
4690:
4669:
4653:
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4611:
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4399:
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4278:
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4248:
4233:
4219:
4207:
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4153:
4127:
4098:
4067:
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4021:
3999:
3973:
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3898:
3865:
3844:
3820:
3794:
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3755:
3730:
3708:
3685:
3666:
3640:
3618:
3596:
3574:
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3512:
3486:
3466:
3452:
3431:
3413:
3394:
3380:
3354:
3337:
3320:
3301:
3279:
3264:Pflanz, Mike.
3256:
3229:
3203:
3189:
3177:
3154:
3142:
3126:
3104:
3076:
3053:
3043:
3024:
3005:
2975:
2949:
2925:
2891:
2865:
2839:
2822:
2796:
2777:
2747:
2724:
2706:
2682:
2669:The Malay Mail
2656:
2632:
2610:
2584:
2572:Foreign Policy
2558:
2536:
2522:
2496:
2479:
2450:
2421:
2414:
2394:
2365:
2339:
2305:
2279:
2262:
2242:
2216:
2190:
2161:
2120:
2119:
2117:
2114:
2113:
2112:
2107:
2102:
2097:
2092:
2087:
2082:
2077:
2072:
2066:
2065:
2049:
2046:
2030:Jakaya Kikwete
2002:
1999:
1976:European Union
1960:
1957:
1949:Uhuru Kenyatta
1933:
1930:
1928:
1925:
1899:
1898:Responsibility
1896:
1867:
1864:
1818:Julius Karangi
1808:
1805:
1782:
1781:
1778:
1766:
1765:
1762:
1750:
1749:
1746:
1734:
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1606:
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1602:
1590:
1589:
1586:
1574:
1573:
1570:
1563:
1560:
1554:
1551:
1532:
1529:
1469:
1468:Rescue efforts
1466:
1460:
1457:
1404:assault rifles
1354:
1351:
1332:
1329:
1303:United Nations
1274:
1271:
1265:Foreign Policy
1213:
1212:
1210:
1209:
1202:
1195:
1187:
1184:
1183:
1170:
1169:
1165:
1164:
1159:
1154:
1149:
1144:
1139:
1134:
1132:Uhuru Kenyatta
1129:
1124:
1119:
1114:
1109:
1104:
1099:
1094:
1089:
1084:
1078:
1077:
1074:Recent history
1072:
1071:
1068:
1067:
1063:
1062:
1057:
1052:
1047:
1042:
1037:
1032:
1027:
1022:
1016:
1015:
1010:
1009:
1006:
1005:
1001:
1000:
995:
990:
985:
980:
975:
970:
965:
963:Pio Gama Pinto
960:
954:
953:
948:
947:
944:
943:
939:
938:
933:
928:
923:
918:
913:
908:
903:
898:
893:
888:
883:
878:
873:
868:
863:
858:
853:
848:
843:
838:
833:
828:
823:
818:
813:
807:
806:
801:
800:
797:
796:
792:
791:
786:
781:
776:
771:
766:
760:
759:
754:
753:
750:
749:
745:
744:
739:
734:
729:
724:
719:
714:
709:
707:Swahili people
704:
698:
697:
692:
691:
688:
687:
683:
682:
677:
672:
667:
662:
657:
652:
647:
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634:
631:
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584:
583:
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568:
563:
558:
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541:
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531:
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484:
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474:
473:
463:
459:
458:
454:
453:
443:
439:
438:
434:
433:
414:
410:
409:
408:Units involved
405:
404:
363:Uhuru Kenyatta
353:
264:
263:
259:
258:
230:
229:
217:
207:
197:
187:
163:
148:
147:
143:
142:
139:
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137:
136:
133:
130:
122:
118:
117:
78:
76:
72:
71:
68:
60:
59:
49:
48:
42:War in Somalia
37:
36:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
7011:
7000:
6997:
6995:
6992:
6990:
6987:
6985:
6982:
6980:
6977:
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6885:
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6865:
6854:
6846:
6843:
6842:
6841:
6838:
6836:
6833:
6832:
6830:
6826:
6820:
6818:
6813:
6811:
6808:
6806:
6803:
6802:
6800:
6796:
6790:
6787:
6785:
6782:
6780:
6779:
6775:
6773:
6772:
6768:
6766:
6763:
6761:
6760:
6756:
6754:
6753:
6749:
6747:
6744:
6742:
6739:
6737:
6734:
6732:
6729:
6728:
6726:
6722:
6716:
6713:
6711:
6708:
6707:
6705:
6701:
6694:
6693:Hurras al-Din
6691:
6688:
6685:
6682:
6679:
6676:
6673:
6670:
6667:
6664:
6661:
6658:
6655:
6654:
6652:
6648:
6640:
6637:
6635:
6632:
6631:
6630:
6627:
6625:
6622:
6620:
6617:
6614:
6613:drone strikes
6610:
6607:
6605:
6602:
6600:
6597:
6595:
6592:
6590:
6587:
6585:
6582:
6580:
6577:
6575:
6572:
6570:
6567:
6565:
6562:
6561:
6559:
6555:
6549:
6546:
6544:
6541:
6539:
6536:
6534:
6531:
6529:
6526:
6524:
6521:
6519:
6516:
6514:
6511:
6509:
6506:
6504:
6501:
6499:
6496:
6494:
6491:
6489:
6486:
6484:
6481:
6479:
6476:
6474:
6471:
6469:
6467:
6462:
6460:
6457:
6456:
6454:
6452:
6446:
6435:
6432:
6429:
6426:
6423:
6420:
6417:
6414:
6411:
6408:
6405:
6402:
6399:
6396:
6393:
6390:
6387:
6384:
6381:
6378:
6377:
6375:
6371:
6365:
6362:
6360:
6359:Mukhtar Robow
6357:
6355:
6352:
6350:
6347:
6345:
6342:
6340:
6337:
6335:
6332:
6330:
6327:
6325:
6322:
6320:
6317:
6315:
6312:
6310:
6307:
6305:
6304:Ali al-Bahlul
6302:
6300:
6297:
6295:
6292:
6290:
6287:
6285:
6282:
6280:
6277:
6275:
6274:Wadih el-Hage
6272:
6270:
6267:
6266:
6264:
6260:
6254:
6251:
6249:
6246:
6244:
6241:
6239:
6236:
6234:
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6229:
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6224:
6221:
6219:
6216:
6214:
6211:
6209:
6206:
6204:
6201:
6199:
6196:
6194:
6191:
6189:
6188:Matiur Rehman
6186:
6184:
6181:
6179:
6176:
6174:
6171:
6169:
6166:
6164:
6161:
6159:
6156:
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6139:
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6129:
6126:
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6119:
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6104:
6101:
6099:
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6049:
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6044:
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6039:
6036:
6034:
6031:
6029:
6026:
6024:
6021:
6019:
6016:
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6011:
6009:
6006:
6004:
6001:
5999:
5996:
5994:
5991:
5989:
5986:
5984:
5981:
5979:
5976:
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5966:
5964:
5961:
5959:
5956:
5954:
5951:
5949:
5946:
5944:
5941:
5939:
5936:
5934:
5931:
5929:
5926:
5924:
5921:
5919:
5916:
5914:
5913:Omar al-Faruq
5911:
5909:
5906:
5904:
5901:
5899:
5896:
5894:
5891:
5889:
5886:
5884:
5881:
5879:
5878:Mohammed Atef
5876:
5873:
5869:
5866:
5863:
5859:
5856:
5855:
5853:
5849:
5846:
5840:
5834:
5831:
5829:
5826:
5824:
5823:Jehad Mostafa
5821:
5819:
5816:
5814:
5811:
5809:
5806:
5804:
5801:
5799:
5796:
5794:
5791:
5789:
5786:
5784:
5781:
5779:
5776:
5774:
5773:Iyad Ag Ghaly
5771:
5769:
5766:
5764:
5761:
5759:
5756:
5755:
5753:
5751:
5747:
5743:
5736:
5731:
5729:
5724:
5722:
5717:
5716:
5713:
5703:
5702:
5690:
5689:
5678:
5672:
5669:
5667:
5664:
5662:
5659:
5657:
5654:
5653:
5651:
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5295:Mountain View
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4636:. Mfa.gov.il.
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4528:. GlobalPost.
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4275:. Al Jazeera.
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4260:. Al Jazeera.
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3940:Kevin Yorke.
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3808:@businessline
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3743:The Economist
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3019:The Telegraph
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2964:. 2 July 2020
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2019:
2014:
2012:
2008:
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1998:
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1991:
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1981:
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1965:African Union
1958:
1956:
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1950:
1947:
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1939:
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1920:Amina Mohamed
1916:
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1807:Investigation
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1745:South Africa
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1312:
1311:ball bearings
1308:
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996:
994:
991:
989:
986:
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968:Bildad Kaggia
966:
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951:
946:
945:
937:
934:
932:
929:
927:
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917:
916:Oginga Odinga
914:
912:
909:
907:
906:Dedan Kimathi
904:
902:
899:
897:
896:Jomo Kenyatta
894:
892:
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844:
842:
839:
837:
834:
832:
829:
827:
826:Nabongo Mumia
824:
822:
821:Wanga Kingdom
819:
817:
814:
812:
809:
808:
804:
799:
798:
790:
787:
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782:
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777:
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767:
765:
764:Vasco da Gama
762:
761:
757:
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751:
743:
740:
738:
737:Ruins of Gedi
735:
733:
730:
728:
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723:
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718:
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713:
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703:
700:
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695:
690:
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681:
678:
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661:
660:Urewe culture
658:
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643:
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624:
621:
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336:
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304:
302:
296:
276:
266:
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245:United States
241:
235:
234:
233:Supported by:
228:
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198:
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164:
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161:
150:
149:
144:
134:
131:
128:
127:
126:
125:Crisis ended
123:
120:
119:
114:
85:
81:
77:
74:
73:
69:
66:
65:
61:
55:
50:
47:
43:
38:
33:
30:
19:
6889:2010s sieges
6857:
6816:
6776:
6769:
6757:
6750:
6512:
6465:
6073:Fahd al-Quso
6028:Sheikh Fateh
5953:Khalid Habib
5943:Midhat Mursi
5758:Saif al-Adel
5692:
5681:
5638:see template
5340:Nairobi West
5155:Lucky Summer
4908:23 September
4906:. Retrieved
4902:the original
4888:
4878:22 September
4876:. Retrieved
4872:the original
4862:
4852:24 September
4850:. Retrieved
4846:the original
4836:
4826:22 September
4824:. Retrieved
4814:
4804:27 September
4802:. Retrieved
4798:the original
4788:
4777:
4768:
4758:23 September
4756:. Retrieved
4752:the original
4742:
4728:
4718:23 September
4716:. Retrieved
4712:the original
4705:
4685:The Guardian
4684:
4656:
4642:
4628:
4614:
4605:
4596:
4586:25 September
4584:. Retrieved
4580:the original
4570:
4556:
4546:22 September
4544:. Retrieved
4534:
4520:
4510:22 September
4508:. Retrieved
4498:
4488:21 September
4486:. Retrieved
4482:the original
4472:
4462:21 September
4460:. Retrieved
4450:
4440:21 September
4438:. Retrieved
4434:the original
4424:
4412:. Retrieved
4402:
4392:22 September
4390:. Retrieved
4386:the original
4376:
4366:22 September
4364:. Retrieved
4354:
4344:22 September
4342:. Retrieved
4329:
4319:22 September
4317:. Retrieved
4313:the original
4303:
4293:25 September
4291:. Retrieved
4281:
4266:
4251:
4236:
4222:
4210:
4200:22 September
4198:. Retrieved
4171:. Retrieved
4166:
4156:
4144:. Retrieved
4139:
4130:
4118:. Retrieved
4113:
4089:. Retrieved
4084:
4058:. Retrieved
4053:
4045:
4036:
4012:. Retrieved
4002:
3990:. Retrieved
3985:
3976:
3964:. Retrieved
3959:
3950:
3935:
3923:. Retrieved
3919:the original
3914:
3891:28 September
3889:. Retrieved
3885:Daily Nation
3883:
3857:The Observer
3855:
3847:
3827:
3823:
3811:. Retrieved
3807:
3797:
3770:21 September
3768:. Retrieved
3758:
3746:. Retrieved
3742:
3733:
3723:25 September
3721:. Retrieved
3711:
3701:23 September
3699:. Retrieved
3688:
3679:
3669:
3659:28 September
3657:. Retrieved
3654:The Guardian
3653:
3643:
3636:
3621:
3611:22 September
3609:. Retrieved
3599:
3589:21 September
3587:. Retrieved
3577:
3567:28 September
3565:. Retrieved
3561:the original
3556:
3547:
3535:. Retrieved
3505:21 September
3503:. Retrieved
3498:
3489:
3478:
3469:
3455:
3444:
3434:
3425:
3416:
3407:
3397:
3383:
3373:25 September
3371:. Retrieved
3367:
3357:
3340:
3323:
3294:28 September
3292:. Retrieved
3282:
3270:. Retrieved
3259:
3247:. Retrieved
3242:
3232:
3220:. Retrieved
3216:
3206:
3192:
3180:
3172:
3157:
3145:
3137:
3129:
3117:. Retrieved
3107:
3097:25 September
3095:. Retrieved
3069:21 September
3067:. Retrieved
3056:
3046:
3038:The Guardian
3037:
3027:
3021:. London,UK.
3018:
3008:
2998:28 September
2996:. Retrieved
2992:the original
2966:. Retrieved
2961:
2952:
2940:. Retrieved
2935:
2928:
2916:. Retrieved
2905:The Observer
2904:
2894:
2882:. Retrieved
2878:
2868:
2856:. Retrieved
2853:The Standard
2852:
2842:
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1994:Ronald Noble
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784:Omani Empire
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275:Ahmed Godane
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6223:Sari Shihab
6118:Said Bahaji
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3852:Afua Hirsch
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3637:Daily Prime
3410:. New York.
3217:latimes.com
2095:Robert Alai
1980:Ban Ki-moon
1517:blood banks
1481:East Africa
1382:, the most
1331:Preparation
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881:Harry Thuku
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432:Recce Squad
285:Adam Garaar
108: /
6878:Categories
6759:Al-Khansaa
6657:Al-Shabaab
6650:Affiliates
6451:of attacks
6400:(expelled)
6058:Samir Khan
5844:leadership
5818:Fuad Qalaf
5768:Ahmad Umar
5750:Leadership
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5610:Law School
5455:Upper Hill
5325:Muthangari
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4120:4 November
4091:4 November
3992:18 October
3966:18 October
3925:10 October
3408:Daily News
3272:29 October
2879:Al Jazeera
2515:29 October
2439:. time.com
2116:References
2034:Jacob Zuma
1940:since the
1912:Al Jazeera
1859:Al-Shabaab
1816:, General
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1439:the mother
1321:Mike Sonko
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1273:Background
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1241:al-Shabaab
958:Shifta War
774:Fort Jesus
623:Hyrax Hill
442:4 fighters
160:Al-Shabaab
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6659:(Somalia)
6464:2000 USS
6228:Asim Umar
5649:Landmarks
5633:secondary
5576:Education
5555:Transport
5546:Westlands
5516:Dagoretti
5490:Zimmerman
5485:Viwandani
5475:Westlands
5375:Parklands
5270:Makongeni
5235:Korogocho
5145:Lavington
5110:Highridge
5090:Eastleigh
5075:Dagoretti
5037:Transport
4995:Education
4985:Buildings
4564:. Madote.
4169:. Reuters
4014:23 August
3766:. Itv.com
3682:. London.
3350:help page
3333:help page
3249:6 October
3222:6 October
3119:23 August
2913:0029-7712
2793:. London.
2740:23 August
2736:. CNN.com
2651:USA Today
1946:President
1944:in 1998.
1927:Reactions
1843:Red Cross
1423:Nation TV
1392:Westlands
1390:, in its
1231:massacre.
911:Tom Mboya
670:Shungwaya
590:Neolithic
129:71 Killed
93:1°15′25″S
6845:Timeline
6741:As-Sahab
6599:Iraq War
6449:Timeline
6262:Captured
5742:Al-Qaeda
5631:Primary/
5583:Tertiary
5536:Makadara
5526:Kasarani
5521:Embakasi
5470:Waithaka
5395:Roysambu
5380:Pipeline
5330:Mutu-ini
5320:Muthaiga
5290:Mihang'o
5285:Matopeni
5265:Makadara
5255:Madaraka
5230:Komarock
5225:Kitisuru
5220:Kilimani
5190:Kasarani
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3986:BBC news
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3837:Archived
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3329:canada12
3268:. London
3245:. London
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2443:19 March
2328:. London
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1932:Domestic
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1443:Muhammad
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1386:mall in
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492:Part of
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6828:Related
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6736:Al Neda
6695:(Syria)
6677:(Egypt)
6665:(Yemen)
6468:bombing
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5862:killing
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5425:South B
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5370:Pangani
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5315:Muirigo
5280:Mathare
5275:Marurui
5260:Majengo
5205:Kiambiu
5175:Kangemi
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5135:Jericho
5085:Donholm
5080:Dandora
5010:History
4990:Economy
4970:Nairobi
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4146:4 March
4060:13 June
3748:10 July
2968:11 July
2942:11 July
2918:11 July
2884:11 July
2858:11 July
2719:Reuters
2577:13 June
2235:13 June
2230:RAPPLER
2209:11 July
2183:11 July
2007:Eritrea
1872:kunya’s
1847:missing
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1553:Looting
1477:Reuters
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1388:Nairobi
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576:Nataruk
452:Unknown
413:Unknown
400:†
349:†
333:†
317:†
301:†
6689:(Mali)
6436:(died)
6430:(left)
6424:(left)
6418:(left)
6412:(left)
6406:(left)
6394:(left)
6388:(died)
6382:(died)
5851:Killed
5842:Former
5531:Kibera
5495:Ziwani
5465:Uthiru
5390:Riruta
5310:Mukuru
5300:Mowlem
5210:Kibera
5200:Kayole
5170:Kamulu
5160:Kahawa
5125:Huruma
5100:Gigiri
5065:Bahati
5027:People
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1492:ex-SAS
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256:Israel
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6724:Media
6373:Other
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5445:Thome
5410:Runda
5365:Ofafa
5360:Nyayo
5355:Njiru
5350:Ngara
5335:Mwiki
5250:Kyuna
5245:Kware
5180:Karen
5032:Sport
5022:Media
4974:Kenya
4338:(PDF)
2274:(PDF)
2174:(PDF)
2024:King
1729:Peru
1307:AK-47
1283:Kenya
1221:, an
174:Kenya
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6817:Cole
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6557:Wars
6466:Cole
5656:KICC
5400:Ruai
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4880:2013
4854:2013
4828:2013
4806:2013
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4394:2013
4368:2013
4346:2013
4321:2013
4295:2013
4202:2013
4175:2021
4148:2021
4122:2013
4093:2013
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4016:2016
3994:2013
3968:2013
3927:2013
3893:2013
3815:2019
3772:2013
3750:2024
3725:2013
3703:2013
3661:2013
3613:2013
3591:2013
3569:2013
3539:2014
3507:2013
3375:2013
3296:2013
3274:2013
3251:2013
3224:2013
3121:2016
3099:2013
3071:2013
3000:2013
2970:2024
2944:2024
2920:2024
2909:ISSN
2886:2024
2860:2024
2817:2013
2772:2013
2742:2016
2677:2013
2627:2013
2605:2024
2579:2024
2553:2013
2517:2013
2471:2015
2445:2015
2436:TIME
2410:ISBN
2389:2013
2360:2013
2334:2013
2300:2013
2237:2024
2211:2018
2185:2018
2156:2013
1963:The
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