538:) shore of Hudson Bay, particularly from May/June through November, the primary season when Hudson Bay's surface is unfrozen, i.e. open water. Winters are long and cold; summers are cool, strongly influenced by the chilly open waters of Hudson Bay, with August (the warmest month, on average) mustering an average monthly high temperature of only 16.1 °C (61.0 °F). Freezing conditions (0 °C (32 °F)) have occurred every month of the year, although the moderating effect of Hudson Bay may hold off the first fall freeze as late as the second week of October in an occasional year, as in 2015. Year-round, climatic conditions are influenced strongly by Hudson Bay's freeze-thaw cycle. January is the coldest month on average; August, the warmest.
56:
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1666:, and known variously as Great Whale River House, Great Whale River or just Great Whale. On maps of 1851 and 1854, the post is called Whale River House and Whale House. Protestant and Catholic missions settled there in the 1880s. In 1895, a weather station was set up by the Federal Government. Medical and police services began to be offered in the first half of the 20th century. Yet the Cree would not settle here permanently and only used it as a summer encampment.
542:
November. As such, compared to most
Northern Hemisphere sub-Arctic climates (which usually have strong precipitation maximums between June and August, usually July), Whapmagoostui demonstrates a strong tendency favouring a relatively drier spring and relatively wetter autumn. This pattern is a direct consequence of Whapmagoostui's location on the lee shore of Hudson Bay. Similar to a pattern evident in heavily "lake-influenced" areas around the U.S.
562:
instability rain (and from
October to December, snow) showers. This pattern also results in the heaviest average monthly average snowfall amounts coming from October to January, but concentrated in November and December, with "Hudson-Bay effect" snows most common, and markedly less average monthly snowfall from February to May. From late November into December, Hudson Bay freezes, and by January, its frozen surface provides little modification to
290:
573:
monthly sunshine data (as a percentage of daylight hours), which shows a marked maximum most months from
February to July, and a marked minimum from September to December, when "Bay-induced" cloud cover is highest; in November, the cloudiest month, average sunshine bottoms out at only 13.5% of available daylight hours. Considering its marine position on the
79:
569:, and less moisture, i.e. snow, to Whapmagoostui. Also, because Hudson Bay in the fall is open water into mid to late November when freezing begins, the speed of temperature fall during the autumn months is relatively slight from August to October, and steepest from November to January (by which time the bay is fully frozen over).
554:), in spring and early summer, water temperatures are cooler than those of surrounding land areas, encouraging low clouds and fog, but also stable conditions and less precipitation. In fall and early winter, the pattern is reversed: water temperatures are warmer than those of surrounding land areas, encouraging
1942:
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In 1961, when the Quebec
Government decided to give French names to northern settlements, the name Great Whale River was replaced with Grande-Baleine which itself was replaced a year later with Poste-de-la-Baleine. On June 28, 1978, the Cree Village Municipality of Poste-de-la-Baleine was officially
541:
The average annual precipitation cycle demonstrates a minimum from mid-winter (January) to mid-spring (May), with sharply rising average monthly precipitation amounts beginning in June, reaching a peak in
September, but with only slowly falling average monthly precipitation amounts from September to
561:
In
Whapmagoostui, this pattern means average monthly precipitation peaks in September – when increasingly cold air masses passing eastward and southeastward across the open waters of Hudson Bay are warmed and destabilized by their over-water passage, producing thick clouds and frequent, often-heavy
572:
Overall, Whapmagoostui's climate is severe and sub-Arctic, but with a relatively slow temperature fall from summer to
November due to water influence and delayed freezing of Hudson Bay (late November into December), and a dry spring and wet and stormy fall. Further evidencing these patterns is
1669:
In 1940 the Cree were forced to give up their nomadic way of life when the
American army opened a military air base here. In 1941, the HBC post closed. After the World War II in 1948, the military base was transferred to the Canadian government. And in 1955, it began operating a
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Although the permanent cohabitation of Inuit and Cree at the mouth of the Great Whale River goes back only 1950, the two nations were rubbing shoulders in the area for a very long time, with the Inuit close to the coast and the Cree more in the interior.
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1776:), which includes the Meeyow Bee Nooquow School. In 1982, the school was built, and in 1989, the first high school class graduated.
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Whapmagoostui on May 8, 1996, from then on replacing all other toponyms.
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radar station. Though the radar station was not operational for long and closed in 1965, it established the village permanently.
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1977:
2103:
Adelson, Naomi. 'Being Alive Well': Health and the
Politics of Cree Well-Being. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 2000.
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Northern Ecosystem Initiative A Preliminary Community Perspective on Environmental Priorities, Whapmagoostui and Chisasibi
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formation and unstable conditions, meaning low-pressure systems passing from cooler land to warmer water often intensify.
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The territory of the Cree reserved land of Whapmagoostui must be distinguished from the territory of the homonymous
425:) and, in late summer, by boat. Whapmagoostui is about 250 km (160 mi) north of the nearest Cree village,
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for a distance of approximately 43 km (27 mi). On the other hand, it does not have any coastline on
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The village was settles on territory originally named Fort Richmond. The settlement's first official name was
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In 2013, seven young men from the community journeyed 1,600 km (990 mi) for "
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642:; elevation: 12.2 m (40 ft); 1991–2020 normals, extremes 1925–present
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1869:"Environment and Climate Change Canada Daily Data Report September 2015"
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is to the southwest, east and southeast of the Cree reserved land.
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Population in 2016: 1,016 (2011 to 2016 population change: +12.6%)
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The police services are provided by the Eeyou Eenou Police Force.
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Population in 2021: 1,022 (2016 to 2021 population change: +0.6%)
472:. The reserved land is located entirely on the north bank of the
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Population in 1996: 626 (1991 to 1996 population change: +23.2%)
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Population in 2001: 778 (1996 to 2001 population change: +24.3%)
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Population in 2006: 812 (2001 to 2006 population change: +4.4%)
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Population in 2011: 874 (2006 to 2011 population change: +7.6%)
577:, the climate is extremely cold when compared with cities like
60:
Partial view of the village, as seen from the hills to the east
2010:(in French). Commission de toponymie du Québec. Archived from
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Predictably, given its northern latitude, Whapmagoostui has a
589:-affected areas further to the west in Canada's interior.
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Lussier, Catherine, Carole Lévesque, and Ginette Lajoie.
514:, like two neighbouring neighbourhoods of the same city.
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To the north and south of the Cree reserved land is the
2089:." Cree School Board. Retrieved on September 22, 2017.
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2035:(in French). Commission de toponymie du Québec
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1980:. Nunavik Tourism Association. Archived from
1818:Ministère des Affaires Municipales et Régions
1705:is still an important part of the community.
8:
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421:. The community is accessible only by air (
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2110:. Montréal: INRS Culture et société, 2000.
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2262:1821 establishments in the British Empire
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503:, while the Cree village municipality of
22:Whapmagoostui (Cree village municipality)
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1857:Aboriginal identity population in 2001
393:, Canada, located at the mouth of the
256:190.83 km (73.68 sq mi)
248:202.49 km (78.18 sq mi)
1951:Environment and Climate Change Canada
1921:Environment and Climate Change Canada
1846:. Statistics Canada. 9 February 2022.
1637:Environment and Climate Change Canada
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1768:operates the Badabin Eeyou School (
1697:Whapmagoostui was founded around a
2242:Hudson's Bay Company trading posts
1947:Canadian Climate Normals 1981–2010
1917:Canadian Climate Normals 1991–2020
490:Inuit reserve land of Kuujjuarapik
14:
602:Climate ID: 7103536; coordinates
413:. About 906 Cree with about 650
289:
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221:Abitibi—Baie-James—Nunavik—Eeyou
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29:Cree community in Quebec, Canada
596:Climate data for Kuujjuarapik (
2247:Populated places on Hudson Bay
1756:and, in late summer, by boat.
1:
1279:Average snowfall cm (inches)
1209:Average rainfall mm (inches)
532:Köppen climate classification
1799:Geographical Names Data Base
403:Grande Rivière de la Baleine
2122:Kuujjauraapik official site
1349:Average precipitation days
948:Mean daily minimum °C (°F)
808:Mean daily maximum °C (°F)
480:, separated from it by the
460:for "place of the beluga".
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2165:Grand Council of the Crees
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552:Sault Ste. Marie, Michigan
448:The name "Whapmagoostui" (
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282: • Change
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1804:Natural Resources Canada
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1743:Population in 1991: 508
585:in northern Europe and
385:") is the northernmost
1943:"Kuujjuarapik Airport"
1662:was built here by the
402:
298: • Dwellings
277:5.2/km (13/sq mi)
20:of the same name, see
1913:"Kuujjuarapik Quebec"
497:unorganized territory
482:northern village (VN)
324: • Summer (
2087:Badabin Eeyou School
1754:Kuujjuarapik Airport
1699:Hudson's Bay Company
1664:Hudson's Bay Company
738:Record high °C (°F)
633:Kuujjuarapik Airport
598:Kuujjuarapik Airport
454:ᐙᐱᒫᑯᔥᑐᐃ/Wâpimâkuštui
423:Kuujjuarapik Airport
379:ᐙᐱᒫᑯᔥᑐᐃ/Wâpimâkuštui
274: • Density
2052:Statistics Canada:
1774:ᐹᑖᐱᓐ ᐄᔨᔨᐤ ᒋᔅᑯᑎᒫᑑᑭᒥᒄ
1443:Average snowy days
1396:Average rainy days
1018:Record low °C (°F)
878:Daily mean °C (°F)
617: /
443:Poste-de-la-Baleine
112: /
2127:2010-03-01 at the
1843:Canada 2021 Census
405:) on the coast of
266: • Total
245: • Total
206: • Chief
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1823:Statistics Canada
1766:Cree School Board
1685:", in support of
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1590:possible sunshine
1492:relative humidity
622:55.283°N 77.750°W
524:subarctic climate
474:Great Whale River
395:Great Whale River
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198: • Type
116:55.283°N 77.750°W
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2274:
2263:
2260:
2258:
2255:
2253:
2250:
2248:
2245:
2243:
2240:
2238:
2235:
2234:
2232:
2217:
2216:Whapmagoostui
2214:
2212:
2209:
2207:
2204:
2202:
2199:
2197:
2194:
2192:
2189:
2187:
2184:
2182:
2179:
2177:
2174:
2173:
2170:
2166:
2159:
2154:
2152:
2147:
2145:
2140:
2139:
2136:
2130:
2126:
2123:
2120:
2119:
2115:
2109:
2105:
2102:
2101:
2096:
2088:
2082:
2079:
2075:
2071:
2067:
2063:
2059:
2055:
2049:
2046:
2034:
2028:
2025:
2014:on 2015-12-08
2013:
2009:
2003:
2001:
1999:
1995:
1984:on 2008-10-21
1983:
1979:
1973:
1971:
1969:
1965:
1953:. 15 May 2023
1952:
1948:
1944:
1938:
1935:
1923:. 3 July 2024
1922:
1918:
1914:
1908:
1905:
1893:. 15 May 2023
1892:
1886:
1883:
1871:. 15 May 2023
1870:
1864:
1861:
1858:
1853:
1850:
1845:
1844:
1839:
1833:
1831:
1827:
1824:
1819:
1813:
1810:
1805:
1801:
1800:
1795:
1789:
1786:
1779:
1777:
1771:
1767:
1759:
1757:
1755:
1747:
1742:
1739:
1736:
1733:
1730:
1727:
1724:
1723:
1722:
1716:
1714:
1708:
1706:
1704:
1700:
1692:
1690:
1688:
1684:
1679:
1675:
1673:
1667:
1665:
1661:
1657:
1649:
1647:
1638:
1633:
1629:
1626:
1623:
1620:
1617:
1614:
1611:
1608:
1605:
1602:
1599:
1596:
1593:
1591:
1586:
1582:
1579:
1576:
1573:
1570:
1567:
1564:
1561:
1558:
1555:
1552:
1549:
1546:
1544:
1541:Mean monthly
1539:
1535:
1532:
1529:
1526:
1523:
1520:
1517:
1514:
1511:
1508:
1505:
1502:
1499:
1496:(at 1500 LST)
1493:
1488:
1484:
1481:
1478:
1475:
1472:
1469:
1466:
1463:
1460:
1457:
1454:
1451:
1448:
1441:
1437:
1434:
1431:
1428:
1425:
1422:
1419:
1416:
1413:
1410:
1407:
1404:
1401:
1394:
1390:
1387:
1384:
1381:
1378:
1375:
1372:
1369:
1366:
1363:
1360:
1357:
1354:
1347:
1341:
1336:
1331:
1326:
1321:
1316:
1311:
1306:
1301:
1296:
1291:
1286:
1281:
1277:
1271:
1266:
1261:
1256:
1251:
1246:
1241:
1236:
1231:
1226:
1221:
1216:
1211:
1207:
1201:
1196:
1191:
1186:
1181:
1176:
1171:
1166:
1161:
1156:
1151:
1146:
1141:
1138:
1137:precipitation
1133:
1129:
1126:
1123:
1120:
1117:
1114:
1111:
1108:
1105:
1102:
1099:
1096:
1093:
1091:
1086:
1080:
1075:
1070:
1065:
1060:
1055:
1050:
1045:
1040:
1035:
1030:
1025:
1020:
1016:
1010:
1005:
1000:
995:
990:
985:
980:
975:
970:
965:
960:
955:
950:
946:
940:
935:
930:
925:
920:
915:
910:
905:
900:
895:
890:
885:
880:
876:
870:
865:
860:
855:
850:
845:
840:
835:
830:
825:
820:
815:
810:
806:
800:
795:
790:
785:
780:
775:
770:
765:
760:
755:
750:
745:
740:
736:
732:
729:
726:
723:
720:
717:
714:
711:
708:
705:
702:
699:
696:
694:
689:
645:
639:
599:
594:
590:
588:
584:
580:
576:
575:55th parallel
570:
568:
565:
559:
557:
556:cumulus cloud
553:
549:
545:
539:
537:
533:
529:
525:
517:
515:
513:
508:
506:
505:Whapmagoostui
502:
501:Baie-d'Hudson
498:
493:
491:
487:
483:
479:
475:
471:
463:
461:
459:
451:
446:
444:
436:
434:
430:
428:
424:
420:
416:
412:
408:
404:
400:
396:
392:
388:
384:
376:
372:
371:Whapmagoostui
363:
355:
347:
344:
342:
334:
331:
327:
317:
313:
310:
308:
300:
287:
276:
268:
255:
247:
235:
232:
230:
227: •
222:
219:
217:
214: •
208:
200:
187:
179:
172:
171:Eeyou Istchee
169:
166:
159:
156:
154:
147:
144:
142:
134:
125:
97:Coordinates:
85:Whapmagoostui
73:
57:
48:
43:
36:Whapmagoostui
33:
27:
23:
19:
2215:
2107:
2081:
2048:
2037:. Retrieved
2027:
2016:. Retrieved
2012:the original
1986:. Retrieved
1982:the original
1955:. Retrieved
1946:
1937:
1925:. Retrieved
1916:
1907:
1895:. Retrieved
1885:
1873:. Retrieved
1863:
1852:
1841:
1816:Total area:
1812:
1797:
1788:
1763:
1751:
1721:Population:
1720:
1717:Demographics
1712:
1696:
1687:Idle No More
1680:
1676:
1668:
1660:trading post
1653:
1645:
1139:mm (inches)
691:Record high
571:
560:
540:
530:) under the
527:
521:
512:Kuujjuarapik
509:
494:
486:Kuujjuarapik
467:
447:
442:
440:
431:
419:Kuujjuarapik
370:
369:
229:Prov. riding
209:Louisa Wynne
185:Incorporated
26:
2201:Waskaganish
1821:Land area:
1088:Record low
625: /
544:Great Lakes
389:village in
177:Established
167:-Equivalent
119: /
2231:Categories
2186:Mistissini
2039:2008-12-16
2018:2008-12-16
1988:2008-12-16
1780:References
1709:Government
1656:Hudson Bay
1445:(≥ 0.2 cm)
1398:(≥ 0.2 mm)
1351:(≥ 0.2 mm)
1090:wind chill
631: (
583:Copenhagen
567:air masses
407:Hudson Bay
261:Population
193:Government
2206:Waswanipi
2176:Chisasibi
1760:Education
478:James Bay
464:Geography
427:Chisasibi
341:Area code
333:UTC−04:00
312:UTC−05:00
307:Time zone
284:(2016–21)
2211:Wemindji
2181:Eastmain
2125:Archived
1683:Nishiyuu
1635:Source:
1588:Percent
1583:1,474.3
1490:Average
1274:(17.17)
1204:(26.14)
1135:Average
1083:(−56.9)
1078:(−51.0)
1073:(−20.0)
1043:(−13.0)
1038:(−29.0)
1033:(−49.0)
1028:(−56.0)
1023:(−56.9)
958:(−17.5)
953:(−13.5)
536:windward
488:and the
141:Province
107:077°45′W
16:For the
2191:Nemaska
1957:20 July
1897:21 July
1875:21 July
1703:Hunting
1693:Economy
1650:History
1344:(90.6)
1339:(20.9)
1334:(20.9)
1284:(11.4)
1269:(0.04)
1264:(0.57)
1259:(2.35)
1254:(4.22)
1249:(3.31)
1244:(3.13)
1239:(2.17)
1234:(1.03)
1229:(0.21)
1224:(0.09)
1219:(0.00)
1214:(0.04)
1199:(2.06)
1194:(2.56)
1189:(3.30)
1184:(4.24)
1179:(3.33)
1174:(3.24)
1169:(2.23)
1164:(1.57)
1159:(0.80)
1154:(0.93)
1149:(0.74)
1144:(1.16)
1063:(21.0)
1058:(30.0)
1053:(28.0)
1048:(18.0)
1013:(18.9)
1003:(20.8)
998:(32.9)
993:(41.2)
988:(47.5)
983:(45.0)
978:(36.5)
973:(27.1)
968:(10.0)
963:(−6.7)
943:(26.2)
933:(25.3)
928:(37.8)
923:(47.3)
918:(54.3)
913:(53.4)
908:(45.7)
903:(35.2)
898:(18.9)
888:(−8.1)
883:(−6.3)
873:(33.6)
868:(14.4)
863:(30.0)
858:(42.4)
853:(53.2)
848:(61.2)
843:(61.9)
838:(54.7)
833:(43.2)
828:(27.5)
823:(13.1)
803:(98.6)
798:(45.0)
793:(53.2)
788:(75.0)
783:(93.0)
778:(91.9)
773:(98.6)
768:(93.0)
763:(95.5)
758:(71.4)
753:(53.8)
748:(48.9)
743:(38.3)
693:humidex
612:77°45′W
609:55°17′N
587:Chinook
579:Glasgow
548:Holland
518:Climate
411:Nunavik
353:Website
132:Country
104:55°17′N
39:ᐙᐱᒫᑯᔥᑐᐃ
2076:census
1927:3 July
1568:163.7
1565:213.5
1562:205.0
1559:166.4
1556:165.2
1553:155.8
1550:112.7
1485:114.3
1391:197.0
1329:(9.1)
1324:(0.7)
1319:(0.0)
1314:(0.0)
1309:(0.6)
1304:(5.1)
1299:(5.9)
1294:(8.5)
1289:(7.6)
1130:−62.6
1127:−56.4
1124:−38.0
1121:−21.3
1109:−12.2
1106:−30.2
1103:−44.5
1100:−58.8
1097:−62.3
1094:−62.6
1068:(5.0)
1008:(2.3)
938:(8.2)
893:(3.2)
818:(1.0)
813:(1.0)
647:Month
564:Arctic
546:(i.e.
399:French
391:Quebec
383:beluga
234:Ungava
153:Region
146:Quebec
135:Canada
1630:31.2
1627:17.8
1624:13.5
1621:19.8
1618:21.3
1615:35.2
1612:41.0
1609:39.4
1606:33.2
1603:39.0
1600:42.5
1597:41.5
1594:29.6
1580:40.0
1577:34.2
1574:64.4
1571:81.8
1547:71.7
1536:73.3
1533:78.3
1530:80.0
1527:76.2
1524:75.8
1521:74.9
1518:72.6
1515:70.1
1512:70.7
1509:72.7
1506:69.1
1503:68.5
1500:71.1
1482:20.8
1479:20.6
1476:10.0
1455:12.2
1452:13.3
1449:18.2
1438:95.5
1429:15.5
1426:20.2
1423:17.1
1420:14.0
1417:10.6
1408:0.95
1405:0.25
1402:0.43
1388:21.1
1385:22.6
1382:21.4
1379:20.5
1376:17.2
1373:14.4
1370:11.7
1367:12.4
1364:11.3
1361:12.6
1358:13.4
1355:18.3
1342:230.0
1272:436.1
1252:107.3
1202:664.0
1182:107.6
1118:−9.7
1115:−5.4
1112:−7.5
1081:−49.4
1076:−46.1
1071:−28.9
1066:−15.0
1041:−25.0
1036:−33.9
1031:−45.0
1026:−48.9
1021:−49.4
1006:−16.5
966:−12.2
961:−21.5
956:−27.5
951:−25.3
936:−13.2
891:−16.0
886:−22.3
881:−21.3
821:−10.5
816:−17.2
811:−17.2
733:41.9
727:12.5
724:27.0
721:36.5
718:38.9
715:41.9
712:38.7
709:33.5
706:21.5
703:10.7
686:Year
456:) is
437:Names
415:Inuit
335:(EDT)
269:1,022
2074:2021
2070:2016
2066:2011
2062:2006
2058:2001
2054:1996
1959:2023
1929:2024
1899:2023
1877:2023
1770:Cree
1764:The
1494:(%)
1473:1.1
1470:0.0
1467:0.0
1464:1.9
1461:6.8
1458:9.5
1435:1.1
1432:5.2
1414:7.7
1411:2.6
1337:53.1
1332:53.0
1327:23.2
1302:12.9
1297:15.1
1292:21.5
1287:19.2
1282:28.9
1262:14.4
1257:59.8
1247:84.2
1242:79.5
1237:55.1
1232:26.1
1197:52.4
1192:65.1
1187:83.7
1177:84.5
1172:82.4
1167:56.6
1162:39.8
1157:20.4
1152:23.5
1147:18.7
1142:29.4
1061:−6.1
1056:−1.1
1051:−2.2
1046:−7.8
1011:−7.3
1001:−6.2
971:−2.7
941:−3.2
931:−3.7
916:12.4
911:11.9
896:−7.3
866:−9.8
861:−1.1
851:11.8
846:16.2
841:16.6
836:12.6
826:−2.5
801:37.0
791:11.8
786:23.9
781:33.9
776:33.3
771:37.0
766:33.9
761:35.3
756:21.9
751:12.1
730:6.9
700:5.2
697:3.3
683:Dec
680:Nov
677:Oct
674:Sep
671:Aug
668:Jul
665:Jun
662:May
659:Apr
656:Mar
653:Feb
650:Jan
581:and
550:and
458:Cree
450:Cree
387:Cree
375:Cree
293:0.6%
240:Area
188:1978
1322:1.8
1317:0.0
1312:0.0
1307:1.5
1267:0.9
1227:5.3
1222:2.4
1217:0.1
1212:1.0
996:0.5
991:5.1
986:8.6
981:7.2
976:2.5
926:3.2
921:8.5
906:7.6
901:1.8
871:0.9
856:5.8
831:6.2
796:7.2
746:9.4
741:3.5
528:Dfc
499:of
484:of
409:in
362:.ca
358:www
346:819
326:DST
316:EST
301:251
165:RCM
2233::
2072:,
2068:,
2064:,
2060:,
2056:,
1997:^
1967:^
1949:.
1945:.
1919:.
1915:.
1840:.
1829:^
1802:.
1796:.
1772::
1689:.
492:.
452::
445:.
429:.
401::
377::
2157:e
2150:t
2143:v
2085:"
2042:.
2021:.
1991:.
1961:.
1931:.
1901:.
1879:.
1806:.
635:)
600:)
526:(
397:(
373:(
328:)
318:)
314:(
24:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
