31:
528:. The eggs are pale blue and speckled, about 4.7 × 3.6 cm, and the normal clutch is three or four. Incubation lasts about 28 days, and young fledge 42 days after hatching. Egg survival has been measured at 28% and nestling survival at 40%; storms that destroy nests are an important cause of losses. Based on observations of family groups, only two young normally fledge. Unlike most heron species, whistling herons care for young after leaving the nest; juveniles beg for food by hissing with their wings drooped.
1164:
1795:
92:
231:
67:
461:, often in drier grassy situations than other herons, but also in a wide variety of open waterlogged or shallowly submerged terrain. Because it roosts in trees, it particularly likes regions where open areas are mixed with woodlots. It has no objection to human-altered habitats such as pastures and roadsides, and it often perches on fenceposts.
347:
The overall impression of standing birds is gray, with flying birds showing conspicuous white rear parts (lower back, belly, and tail). In both subspecies, adults' upperparts except the lower back are blue-gray. The feathers of the sides of head, sides of the neck, breast, and scapular area are
360:; the color varies from bird to bird. In the nominate subspecies, the crown and crest (separate plumes up to 4 cm long on the nape) are black and the upper wing coverts are cinnamon-colored; the crown and crest are slate-gray and the upper wing coverts are honey-colored (or "chamois") in
602:
Hruska, J.P.; Holmes, J.; Oliveros, C.; Shakya, S.; Lavretsky, P.; McCracken, K.G.; Sheldon, F.H.; Moyle, R.G. (2023). "Ultraconserved elements resolve the phylogeny and corroborate patterns of molecular rate variation in herons (Aves: Ardeidae)".
509:) from a standing position. It may allow humans to approach fairly closely rather than leave a good feeding spot. It typically feeds alone or in pairs, but is sometimes seen in groups up to 100, especially before roosting for the night.
378:
easily imitated" or "a distinctive, characteristic, far-carrying, melodious whistle" that "can be rendered 'kee, kee, kee.'" It may also give "a slow, drawn-out whistle" when taking off. The alarm call is a harsh
364:. The bill is pink with blue to violet at the base and the distal third black, the legs are greenish and rather short, and there is a fairly big area of bare bluish skin around the eye.
367:
Juveniles have the same overall pattern but are duller than adults, with the crown lighter, the breast light gray, and the throat and sides unstained white. Chicks are undescribed.
505:
in one reported incident). It often holds still but also walks very slowly and may use more active techniques, even running after prey or catching flying insects (notably
344:
The whistling heron measures 53 to 64 cm in length and weighs 521 to 546 g. The southern subspecies is bigger but has a shorter bill in proportion to the body.
2202:
1977:
895:
2228:
2016:
2282:
2176:
1951:
2215:
1990:
888:
536:
1163:
808:
768:
718:
450:
at least in northeastern
Venezuela, where it does not occur from November to January, but remains all year in other areas, such as
2337:
517:
In a courtship display, the birds fly back and forth and glide in circles. A captive pair displayed by raising their plumes.
2317:
881:
2220:
1995:
1794:
464:
Although patchily distributed, it is common in many areas, with no population considered vulnerable. It benefits from
2332:
2297:
2150:
2086:
1902:
2322:
2312:
2233:
2021:
630:
830:
2327:
2302:
91:
2307:
2029:
300:
study published in 2023 found that within the heron family the whistling heron is most closely related to the
386:
Unlike other herons, in flight it has fast, duck-like wingbeats and usually does not retract its neck fully.
873:
332:
220:
2034:
1854:
520:
This species nests alone, unlike most herons, which nest in colonies. It may nest in mature trees such as
1889:
1816:
297:
30:
472:. As a successful heron of dry tropical country, it has been compared to two species originating in the
2254:
2155:
2068:
1907:
451:
203:
580:
457:
It occurs at elevations up to 500 m (with a sight record from 2300 m) in seasonally flooded
1881:
1863:
1221:
1727:
56:
1488:
853:
481:
238:
86:
2259:
2073:
1759:
1542:
1206:
1982:
1553:
1525:
1505:
2287:
2241:
2207:
2163:
2055:
2008:
1925:
1354:
1293:
1241:
1025:
905:
804:
764:
714:
539:
formerly used its neck plumes as trade items, though not so heavily as to reduce populations.
322:
831:"Behavior of whistling and capped herons in the seasonal savannas of Venezuela and Argentina"
2246:
2060:
1515:
1272:
1034:
845:
634:
612:
575:
498:
2081:
1894:
1868:
2292:
2042:
1747:
502:
557:
965:
950:
447:
442:. Recent records suggest that it may be expanding its range northward and eastward in
230:
180:
143:
2276:
2141:
2003:
1408:
1123:
566:
524:
or exotic trees. One nest in
Argentina was loosely built of sticks about 4m up in a
465:
268:
76:
71:
2099:
1930:
1582:
1457:
1303:
1096:
944:
758:
708:
477:
301:
2168:
1917:
616:
2126:
2189:
2135:
1964:
1848:
1736:
1638:
1495:
1450:
1443:
1334:
1230:
1086:
1074:
1043:
1004:
913:
469:
357:
349:
638:
2094:
1766:
1699:
1683:
1672:
1631:
1624:
1617:
1401:
1394:
1373:
1262:
1063:
525:
312:
1839:
374:" or "a high, reedy, complaining whistle, often doubled or uttered in a ser,
1773:
1665:
1603:
1532:
1436:
1387:
1366:
1323:
1313:
1103:
1053:
989:
521:
506:
497:
This species eats any small dryland and marsh animals it can catch, or even
473:
439:
411:
103:
2120:
2047:
1833:
1716:
1709:
1692:
1648:
1596:
1573:
1472:
1429:
1422:
1415:
1380:
1343:
1282:
1114:
932:
909:
829:
Kushlan, James A.; Hancock, James A.; Pinowski, J.; Pinowska, B. (1982).
423:
407:
370:
The bird is named for its most common call, a "loud, flute-like whistled
163:
123:
44:
2181:
1956:
1876:
1655:
1610:
1589:
1014:
857:
458:
431:
419:
403:
1562:
926:
443:
427:
399:
113:
48:
2194:
1969:
1943:
1810:
849:
1938:
1182:
1138:
938:
435:
353:
272:
153:
133:
1814:
1180:
963:
877:
335:, 1824) – east Bolivia and south Brazil to northeast Argentina
348:
basically white but are stained gold to buff, perhaps by the
639:"Ibis, spoonbills, herons, Hamerkop, Shoebill, pelicans"
1755:
1705:
1661:
1644:
1538:
1521:
1511:
1501:
1484:
1362:
1319:
1309:
1299:
1289:
1278:
1268:
1258:
1218:
1202:
1092:
1082:
1059:
1049:
1001:
985:
2110:
1823:
1746:
1726:
1682:
1572:
1552:
1471:
1353:
1333:
1249:
1240:
1217:
1193:
1137:
1113:
1073:
1033:
1024:
1000:
976:
325:, 1949 – northeast Colombia and northwest Venezuela
581:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T22696913A93592468.en
803:. Princeton University Press. pp. 213–214.
267:) is a medium-sized, often terrestrial heron of
889:
713:. Oxford University Press. pp. 208–214.
707:Kushlan, James A.; Hancock, James. A (2005).
8:
757:Hilty, Steven L.; Brown, William L. (1986).
1811:
1477:
1246:
1190:
1177:
1030:
973:
960:
896:
882:
874:
763:. Princeton University Press. p. 66.
702:
700:
698:
696:
694:
692:
690:
688:
686:
684:
682:
680:
229:
65:
29:
20:
678:
676:
674:
672:
670:
668:
666:
664:
662:
660:
579:
280:. There are two subspecies, the southern
794:
792:
790:
788:
786:
271:. It is the only species placed in the
752:
750:
748:
746:
744:
742:
740:
738:
736:
548:
824:
822:
820:
645:. International Ornithologists' Union
7:
2283:IUCN Red List least concern species
567:IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
14:
1793:
1162:
760:A Guide to the Birds of Colombia
643:IOC World Bird List Version 13.2
90:
556:BirdLife International (2016).
1:
617:10.1093/ornithology/ukad005
2354:
1789:
1480:
1189:
1176:
1159:
972:
959:
921:
799:Hilty, Steven L. (2003).
244:
237:
228:
209:
202:
87:Scientific classification
85:
63:
54:
37:
28:
23:
916:and their extinct allies
574:: e.T22696913A93592468.
390:Distribution and habitat
356:or by secretions of the
2338:Birds described in 1824
426:, western and southern
298:molecular phylogenetic
2318:Birds of the Pantanal
2255:Paleobiology Database
2069:Paleobiology Database
532:Cultural significance
452:Buenos Aires Province
637:, eds. (July 2023).
306:Pilherodius pileatus
438:, and northeastern
57:Conservation status
2333:Birds of Venezuela
2298:Birds of Argentina
2100:Syrigma-sibilatrix
1869:Syrigma_sibilatrix
1855:Syrigma sibilatrix
1825:Syrigma sibilatrix
801:Birds of Venezuela
633:; Donsker, David;
560:Syrigma sibilatrix
537:Indigenous peoples
482:black-headed heron
448:seasonal movements
414:. The subspecies
376:wueeee, wueeee,.…,
320:S. s. fostersmithi
286:S. s. fostersmithi
264:Syrigma sibilatrix
213:Syrigma sibilatrix
195:S. sibilatrix
2323:Birds of Paraguay
2313:Birds of Colombia
2270:
2269:
2242:Open Tree of Life
2056:Open Tree of Life
1817:Taxon identifiers
1808:
1807:
1804:
1803:
1787:
1786:
1783:
1782:
1467:
1466:
1355:Threskiornithinae
1242:Threskiornithidae
1172:
1171:
1157:
1156:
1133:
1132:
635:Rasmussen, Pamela
418:inhabits eastern
284:and the northern
255:
254:
184:
80:
2345:
2328:Birds of Uruguay
2303:Birds of Bolivia
2263:
2262:
2250:
2249:
2237:
2236:
2224:
2223:
2211:
2210:
2198:
2197:
2185:
2184:
2172:
2171:
2159:
2158:
2146:
2145:
2144:
2131:
2130:
2129:
2103:
2102:
2090:
2089:
2077:
2076:
2064:
2063:
2051:
2050:
2038:
2037:
2025:
2024:
2012:
2011:
1999:
1998:
1986:
1985:
1973:
1972:
1960:
1959:
1947:
1946:
1934:
1933:
1921:
1920:
1911:
1910:
1898:
1897:
1885:
1884:
1882:D3CAA0B68FC4619C
1872:
1871:
1859:
1858:
1857:
1844:
1843:
1842:
1812:
1799:
1797:
1757:
1707:
1663:
1646:
1540:
1523:
1513:
1503:
1486:
1478:
1364:
1321:
1311:
1301:
1291:
1280:
1270:
1260:
1247:
1220:
1204:
1191:
1178:
1167:
1166:
1094:
1084:
1061:
1051:
1035:Balaenicipitidae
1031:
1003:
987:
974:
961:
898:
891:
884:
875:
868:
867:
865:
864:
835:
826:
815:
814:
796:
781:
780:
778:
777:
754:
731:
730:
728:
727:
704:
655:
654:
652:
650:
627:
621:
620:
599:
593:
592:
590:
588:
583:
553:
329:S. s. sibilatrix
315:are recognised:
282:S. s. sibilatrix
248:Ardea sibilatrix
233:
215:
179:
95:
94:
74:
69:
68:
40:S. s. sibilatrix
33:
24:Whistling heron
21:
2353:
2352:
2348:
2347:
2346:
2344:
2343:
2342:
2308:Birds of Brazil
2273:
2272:
2271:
2266:
2258:
2253:
2245:
2240:
2232:
2227:
2219:
2214:
2206:
2201:
2193:
2188:
2180:
2175:
2167:
2162:
2154:
2149:
2140:
2139:
2134:
2125:
2124:
2119:
2106:
2098:
2093:
2085:
2080:
2072:
2067:
2059:
2054:
2046:
2043:Observation.org
2041:
2033:
2028:
2020:
2015:
2007:
2002:
1994:
1989:
1981:
1976:
1968:
1963:
1955:
1950:
1942:
1937:
1929:
1924:
1916:
1914:
1906:
1901:
1893:
1888:
1880:
1875:
1867:
1862:
1853:
1852:
1847:
1838:
1837:
1832:
1819:
1809:
1800:
1791:
1779:
1748:Tigriornithinae
1742:
1722:
1678:
1568:
1548:
1463:
1349:
1329:
1236:
1213:
1185:
1168:
1161:
1153:
1129:
1109:
1069:
1020:
996:
968:
955:
917:
902:
872:
871:
862:
860:
850:10.2307/1367367
833:
828:
827:
818:
811:
798:
797:
784:
775:
773:
771:
756:
755:
734:
725:
723:
721:
706:
705:
658:
648:
646:
629:
628:
624:
601:
600:
596:
586:
584:
555:
554:
550:
545:
534:
515:
503:aplomado falcon
495:
490:
394:The subspecies
392:
342:
294:
259:whistling heron
224:
217:
211:
198:
178:
89:
81:
70:
66:
59:
42:
17:
16:Species of bird
12:
11:
5:
2351:
2349:
2341:
2340:
2335:
2330:
2325:
2320:
2315:
2310:
2305:
2300:
2295:
2290:
2285:
2275:
2274:
2268:
2267:
2265:
2264:
2251:
2238:
2225:
2212:
2199:
2186:
2173:
2160:
2147:
2132:
2116:
2114:
2108:
2107:
2105:
2104:
2091:
2078:
2065:
2052:
2039:
2026:
2013:
2000:
1987:
1974:
1961:
1948:
1935:
1922:
1912:
1899:
1886:
1873:
1860:
1845:
1829:
1827:
1821:
1820:
1815:
1806:
1805:
1802:
1801:
1790:
1788:
1785:
1784:
1781:
1780:
1778:
1777:
1770:
1763:
1752:
1750:
1744:
1743:
1741:
1740:
1732:
1730:
1724:
1723:
1721:
1720:
1713:
1703:
1696:
1688:
1686:
1680:
1679:
1677:
1676:
1669:
1659:
1652:
1642:
1635:
1628:
1621:
1614:
1607:
1600:
1593:
1586:
1578:
1576:
1570:
1569:
1567:
1566:
1558:
1556:
1550:
1549:
1547:
1546:
1536:
1529:
1519:
1509:
1499:
1492:
1481:
1475:
1469:
1468:
1465:
1464:
1462:
1461:
1454:
1447:
1440:
1433:
1426:
1419:
1412:
1405:
1398:
1391:
1384:
1377:
1370:
1359:
1357:
1351:
1350:
1348:
1347:
1339:
1337:
1331:
1330:
1328:
1327:
1317:
1307:
1297:
1287:
1276:
1266:
1255:
1253:
1251:incertae sedis
1244:
1238:
1237:
1235:
1234:
1226:
1224:
1222:Xenerodiopidae
1215:
1214:
1212:
1211:
1199:
1197:
1195:incertae sedis
1187:
1186:
1181:
1174:
1173:
1170:
1169:
1160:
1158:
1155:
1154:
1152:
1151:
1150:
1149:
1143:
1141:
1135:
1134:
1131:
1130:
1128:
1127:
1119:
1117:
1111:
1110:
1108:
1107:
1100:
1090:
1079:
1077:
1071:
1070:
1068:
1067:
1057:
1047:
1039:
1037:
1028:
1022:
1021:
1019:
1018:
1010:
1008:
998:
997:
995:
994:
982:
980:
978:incertae sedis
970:
969:
966:Pelecaniformes
964:
957:
956:
954:
953:
951:Pelecaniformes
947:
941:
935:
929:
922:
919:
918:
903:
901:
900:
893:
886:
878:
870:
869:
844:(3): 255–260.
816:
809:
782:
769:
732:
719:
656:
622:
611:(2): ukad005.
594:
547:
546:
544:
541:
533:
530:
514:
511:
494:
491:
489:
486:
391:
388:
341:
338:
337:
336:
326:
293:
290:
253:
252:
251:
250:
242:
241:
235:
234:
226:
225:
218:
207:
206:
200:
199:
192:
190:
186:
185:
171:
167:
166:
161:
157:
156:
151:
147:
146:
144:Pelecaniformes
141:
137:
136:
131:
127:
126:
121:
117:
116:
111:
107:
106:
101:
97:
96:
83:
82:
64:
61:
60:
55:
52:
51:
35:
34:
26:
25:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2350:
2339:
2336:
2334:
2331:
2329:
2326:
2324:
2321:
2319:
2316:
2314:
2311:
2309:
2306:
2304:
2301:
2299:
2296:
2294:
2291:
2289:
2286:
2284:
2281:
2280:
2278:
2261:
2256:
2252:
2248:
2243:
2239:
2235:
2230:
2226:
2222:
2217:
2213:
2209:
2204:
2200:
2196:
2191:
2187:
2183:
2178:
2174:
2170:
2165:
2161:
2157:
2152:
2148:
2143:
2137:
2133:
2128:
2122:
2118:
2117:
2115:
2113:
2109:
2101:
2096:
2092:
2088:
2083:
2079:
2075:
2070:
2066:
2062:
2057:
2053:
2049:
2044:
2040:
2036:
2031:
2027:
2023:
2018:
2014:
2010:
2005:
2001:
1997:
1992:
1988:
1984:
1979:
1975:
1971:
1966:
1962:
1958:
1953:
1949:
1945:
1940:
1936:
1932:
1927:
1923:
1919:
1913:
1909:
1904:
1900:
1896:
1891:
1887:
1883:
1878:
1874:
1870:
1865:
1861:
1856:
1850:
1846:
1841:
1835:
1831:
1830:
1828:
1826:
1822:
1818:
1813:
1798:
1796:
1776:
1775:
1771:
1769:
1768:
1764:
1762:
1761:
1754:
1753:
1751:
1749:
1745:
1739:
1738:
1734:
1733:
1731:
1729:
1728:Cochleariinae
1725:
1719:
1718:
1714:
1712:
1711:
1704:
1702:
1701:
1697:
1695:
1694:
1690:
1689:
1687:
1685:
1681:
1675:
1674:
1670:
1668:
1667:
1660:
1658:
1657:
1653:
1651:
1650:
1643:
1641:
1640:
1636:
1634:
1633:
1629:
1627:
1626:
1622:
1620:
1619:
1615:
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398:inhabits the
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204:Binomial name
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72:Least Concern
62:
58:
53:
50:
46:
41:
36:
32:
27:
22:
19:
2111:
1824:
1792:
1772:
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1602:
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1561:
1541:
1531:
1524:
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1494:
1489:Ardeagrandis
1487:
1458:Threskiornis
1456:
1449:
1442:
1435:
1428:
1421:
1414:
1407:
1400:
1393:
1386:
1379:
1372:
1365:
1342:
1322:
1312:
1304:Rhynchaeites
1302:
1292:
1281:
1271:
1261:
1250:
1229:
1205:
1194:
1122:
1102:
1097:Miopelecanus
1095:
1085:
1062:
1052:
1042:
1013:
988:
977:
945:Aequornithes
861:. Retrieved
841:
837:
800:
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759:
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709:
649:19 September
647:. Retrieved
642:
625:
608:
604:
597:
585:. Retrieved
571:
565:
559:
551:
535:
519:
516:
501:(as from an
496:
478:cattle egret
463:
456:
446:. It makes
415:
396:fostersmithi
395:
393:
385:
380:
375:
371:
369:
366:
362:fostersmithi
361:
346:
343:
328:
319:
310:
305:
302:capped heron
295:
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263:
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212:
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194:
193:
174:
173:
39:
18:
2190:iNaturalist
2136:Wikispecies
2030:Neotropical
1965:iNaturalist
1849:Wikispecies
1737:Cochlearius
1639:Pilherodius
1496:Calherodius
1451:Theristicus
1444:Thaumatibis
1335:Plataleinae
1231:Xenerodiops
1148:See below ↓
1087:Eopelecanus
1075:Pelecanidae
1044:Balaeniceps
1005:Torotigidae
631:Gill, Frank
605:Ornithology
587:11 November
507:dragonflies
470:agriculture
358:preen gland
352:typical of
350:powder down
340:Description
160:Subfamily:
2277:Categories
2095:Xeno-canto
1767:Tigriornis
1760:Taphophoyx
1700:Ixobrychus
1684:Botaurinae
1673:Zonerodius
1632:Nyctanassa
1625:Nycticorax
1618:Gorsachius
1543:Proardeola
1402:Lophotibis
1395:Geronticus
1374:Bostrychia
1263:Gerandibis
1207:Ardeacites
1064:Paludiavis
904:Genera of
863:2007-04-03
776:2007-04-01
726:2007-04-01
543:References
526:eucalyptus
522:araucarias
416:sibilatrix
313:subspecies
2127:Q15882571
1774:Tigrisoma
1666:Zeltornis
1604:Butorides
1554:Agamiinae
1533:Oroanassa
1526:Nyctisoma
1506:Eoceornis
1437:Pseudibis
1388:Eudocimus
1367:Apteribis
1324:Xenicibis
1314:Vadaravis
1104:Pelecanus
1054:Goliathia
990:Cladornis
925:Kingdom:
474:Old World
468:and some
440:Argentina
412:Venezuela
406:basin of
372:kleeer-er
323:Friedmann
189:Species:
110:Kingdom:
104:Eukaryota
2288:Ardeidae
2121:Wikidata
2009:22696913
1983:10762615
1895:22696913
1890:BirdLife
1834:Wikidata
1717:Zebrilus
1710:Pikaihao
1693:Botaurus
1649:Proardea
1597:Bubulcus
1574:Ardeinae
1473:Ardeidae
1430:Plegadis
1423:Phimosus
1416:Nipponia
1381:Cercibis
1344:Platalea
1294:Protibis
1283:Mopsitta
1115:Scopidae
1026:Pelecani
933:Chordata
931:Phylum:
927:Animalia
914:pelicans
513:Breeding
488:Behavior
480:and the
424:Paraguay
408:Colombia
402:and the
381:quah-h-h
333:Temminck
292:Taxonomy
239:Synonyms
221:Temminck
164:Ardeinae
154:Ardeidae
150:Family:
124:Chordata
120:Phylum:
114:Animalia
100:Domain:
77:IUCN 3.1
45:Pantanal
2208:1212182
2182:2480920
2142:Syrigma
2112:Syrigma
2035:whiher1
1957:2480921
1944:whiher1
1918:whiher1
1877:Avibase
1840:Q218549
1656:Syrigma
1611:Egretta
1590:Ardeola
1015:Torotix
949:Order:
943:Clade:
937:Class:
858:1367367
493:Feeding
459:savanna
432:Uruguay
420:Bolivia
404:Orinoco
277:Syrigma
223:, 1824)
181:Ridgway
175:Syrigma
170:Genus:
140:Order:
130:Class:
75: (
2293:Herons
2260:289763
2247:892217
2234:110686
2221:174870
2074:401701
2061:892218
2022:110687
1996:174871
1563:Agamia
1516:Matuku
1273:Milnea
1124:Scopus
910:herons
856:
838:Condor
807:
767:
717:
710:Herons
499:pirate
476:: the
444:Brazil
428:Brazil
400:Llanos
354:herons
183:, 1878
49:Brazil
38:Adult
2203:IRMNG
2156:69443
2087:17243
2048:73446
1978:IRMNG
1939:eBird
1931:542DQ
1915:BOW:
1908:69444
1583:Ardea
1183:Ardei
1139:Ardei
854:JSTOR
834:(PDF)
436:Chile
273:genus
2229:NCBI
2216:ITIS
2195:5055
2177:GBIF
2169:7RJL
2151:BOLD
2017:NCBI
2004:IUCN
1991:ITIS
1970:5056
1952:GBIF
1903:BOLD
939:Aves
906:ibis
805:ISBN
765:ISBN
715:ISBN
651:2023
589:2021
572:2016
410:and
311:Two
257:The
134:Aves
43:The
2164:CoL
2082:TSA
1926:CoL
1864:ADW
846:doi
613:doi
609:140
576:doi
308:).
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296:A
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