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morning. Shortly after that, the posse sent Billy a note demanding
Carlyle's immediate release. If he did not comply, they would kill "Mr. Greathouse", who was known to be Billy's friend. Minutes later, a posse member fired a shot at the house. Deputy Carlyle used the confusion to jump out of a window and make his escape. Unfortunately, he was shot and killed by his own posse.
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appeared. Called White Oaks after a nearby stream, the camp soon grew to be a permanent settlement. It boasted 50 different businesses including four newspapers, two hotels, three churches, a sawmill, a bank, an opera house, livery stables, as well as saloons and gambling houses. A post office had opened as early as 1880.
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passing through it. In the late 1890s, both the Santa Fe and the El Paso and
Northeastern railroads were planning to extend tracks toward White Oaks. Local business interests refused to make concessions to lure the railroad to town. Instead they attempted to charge premium prices for right-of-way
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for their arrests, but
Carlyle admitted he had none. Billy replied that without warrants, the posse was nothing but an armed mob and refused to surrender to them. He ordered Deputy Carlyle to remain in the house to keep the posse from attacking them, saying Carlyle should lead his men away in the
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In the late 1870s, John J. Baxter, an unsuccessful
California '49er, heard reports of gold discovery in the area. He followed in the footsteps of local Mexican prospectors to a shallow canyon east to the mountains, where he discovered a rich gold field. Within a year, a mining camp of tents had
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Baxter and another prospector named
Winters established two claims, known as the Homestake Mine and the South Homestake Mine. The local mountains would be named for Baxter. The parties later sold their claims for $ 300,000 apiece. The town was frequented by notable
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claiming that Billy was the leader of a gang of outlaws. Billy said that he and Kelly had been in a ranch house when the posse surrounded it. Deputy
Sheriff Carlyle entered the house by himself, demanding the fugitives surrender. Billy asked to see the
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was killed after trying to negotiate with the fugitives. National Park
Service historian Robert M. Utley, in his book "Wanted: The Outlaw Lives of Billy the Kid and Ned Kelly," wrote that it is not known who shot Carlyle or why.
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The United States census, taken in July 1880, showed that White Oaks had a population of about 800. It would eventually reach 4,000 people. (Florin Page 661) In 1882, construction was completed on
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The region, abundant with game, was first roamed by the Piros
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properties, convinced that the railroads would compete for the privilege. As a result, the railroad chose to run twelve miles to the west, through
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services in an actual church building. These meetings having previously taken place in the town hall. During this period, there were
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In
November, 1880, a posse from White Oaks pursued Billy the Kid for more than forty miles, culminating in a standoff, during which
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Wanted: The Outlaw Lives of Billy the Kid and Ned Kelly, Robert M. Utley, Yale
University Press, 2015
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Today, only one of the old saloons remains open, The No Scum Allowed Saloon.
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By 1885, White Oaks had settled down and was beginning to thrive. Three
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List of jails and prisons on the National Register of Historic Places
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National Register of Historic Places in Lincoln County, New Mexico
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The first Europeans to explore the area were the Spaniards of Don
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Ghost Towns of the West, Lambert Florin. Promontory Press, 1970
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Wanted: The Outlaw Lives of Billy the Kid & Ned Kelly
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469:In 1970, White Oaks was listed on the
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124:Show map of the United States
29:White Oaks Historic District
18:United States historic place
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266:Lincoln County, New Mexico
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170:33.749750°N 105.737306°W
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691:Keeper of the Register
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248:Designated NMSRCP
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99:Show map of New Mexico
46:U.S. Historic district
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439:Carrizozo, New Mexico
367:Las Vegas, New Mexico
1395:United States portal
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158:33°44′59.1″N
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1361:Ghost towns
1293:communities
1178:County seat
1044:Other areas
1004:Puerto Rico
838:Mississippi
753:Connecticut
411:prostitutes
363:Lew Wallace
333:Pat Garrett
173: /
149:Coordinates
143:NM 349
1411:Categories
1374:White Oaks
953:Washington
873:New Mexico
868:New Jersey
743:California
535:References
417:and other
409:with many
389:, several
345:Golden Era
262:ghost town
258:White Oaks
1369:Jicarilla
1341:Riverside
1311:Bluewater
1233:Carrizozo
1185:Carrizozo
963:Wisconsin
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600:"Letters"
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399:town hall
370:newspaper
341:newspaper
139:Carrizozo
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488:See also
461:Governor
434:railroad
407:brothels
397:, and a
375:warrants
360:Governor
321:Old West
278:boomtown
216:70000403
134:Location
1336:Picacho
1331:Lincoln
1321:Glencoe
1306:Arabela
1261:Ruidoso
1251:Capitan
1065:Related
968:Wyoming
943:Vermont
848:Montana
788:Indiana
768:Georgia
763:Florida
733:Arizona
723:Alabama
419:outlaws
387:saloons
309:Malpais
296:History
199: (
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1316:Coyote
1256:Corona
903:Oregon
858:Nevada
798:Kansas
773:Hawaii
728:Alaska
664:Topics
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403:church
395:school
335:, and
1326:Hondo
1289:Other
1279:Nogal
1035:Palau
933:Texas
813:Maine
778:Idaho
473:as a
449:widow
260:is a
194:Built
141:, on
1301:Alto
1225:Town
1195:City
989:Guam
938:Utah
893:Ohio
793:Iowa
580:ISBN
393:, a
286:coal
284:and
282:gold
201:1879
197:1879
186:Area
1271:CDP
451:of
264:in
224:No.
211:No.
1413::
1181::
1166:,
578:.
559:.
553:.
542:^
481:.
447:,
421:.
331:,
327:,
292:.
268:,
229:43
1153:e
1146:t
1139:v
719::
649:e
642:t
635:v
602:.
588:.
203:)
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