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2323:. However, since they were nationalists, their aims were substantially different from the Russian White Army proper; for instance, Russian White generals never explicitly supported Finnish independence. The defeat of the Russian White Army made the point moot in this dispute. The countries remained independent and governed by non-Communist governments.
762:
1503:
2817:. Study.com. "Loosely commanded by former imperial admiral Alexander Kolchack, the White Army was comprised of volunteers, conscripts, liberals, conservatives, monarchists, religious fundamentalists, and any group that opposed Bolshevik rule. These various groups had little in common besides their opposition to Bolshevik rule."
3283:
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composition and command structure of White armies also varied, some containing hardened veterans of World War I, others more recent volunteers. These differences and divisions, along with their inability to offer an alternative government and win popular support, prevented the White armies from winning the Civil War.
2976:
Then there occurred another story which has become traumatic, this one for the
Russian nationalist psyche. At the end of the year 1918, after the Russian Revolution, the Chinese merchants in the Russian Far East demanded the Chinese government to send troops for their protection, and Chinese troops
2826:
Slashchov-Krymsky Ya. A. White Crimea, 1920: Memoirs and documents. Moscow, 1990. P. 40. "According to the leader of the defense of Crimea from the
Bolsheviks in the winter of 1920, General Ya. A. Slashchev-Krymsky , the White movement was a mixture of the pro-Cadet and pro-Octobrist upper classes
1551:
joined the Army. In that year between May and
October, the Volunteer Army grew from 64,000 to 150,000 soldiers and was better supplied than its Red counterpart. The White Army's rank-and-file comprised active anti-Bolsheviks, such as Cossacks, nobles, and peasants, as conscripts and as volunteers.
2793:
The White
Movement and the National Question in Russia: a collective monograph. / Edited by Doctor of Historical Sciences, Professor V. T. Tormozov, Candidate of Historical Sciences A. G. Pismensky. Authors: V. T. Tormozov, A. A. Ivanova, and others. — Moscow: Saratov State University Publishing
2031:. Other organizations either dissolved, or began concentrating exclusively on self-preservation and/or educating the youth. Various youth organizations, such as the Russian Scouts-in-Exteris, promoted providing children with a background in pre-Soviet Russian culture and heritage. Some supported
70:
1441:
Unlike the
Bolsheviks, the White Armies did not share a single ideology, methodology, or political goal. They were led by conservative generals with different agendas and methods, and for the most part they operated quite independently of each other, with little coordination or cohesion. The
1740:
The
Southern Front featured massive-scale operations and posed the most dangerous threat to the Bolshevik Government. At first it depended entirely upon volunteers in Russia proper, mostly the Cossacks, among the first to oppose the Bolshevik Government. On 23 June 1918, the Volunteer Army
1398:
in the closing days of the World War, debating whether or not to ally with it. The Whites wanted to keep from alienating any potential supporters and allies and thus saw an exclusively monarchist position as a detriment to their cause and recruitment. White-movement leaders, such as
3896:
1818:
headed the eastern White Army and a provisional
Russian government. Despite some significant success in 1919, the Whites were defeated being forced back to Far Eastern Russia, where they continued fighting until October 1922. When the Japanese withdrew, the Soviet army of the
4607:
449:
2005:. A Russian cadet corps was established to prepare the next generation of anti-Communists for the "spring campaign"—a hopeful term denoting a renewed military campaign to reclaim Russia from the Soviet Government. In any event, many cadets volunteered to fight for the
4443:
2703:и Г. И. Чернявского — London, 1992. "Yuri Felshtinsky writes that there were differences in the ideology of the White movement, but the prevailing desire was to restore a democratic, parliamentary political system, private property and market relations in Russia."
1835:, which concluded on 16 June 1923, represented the last military action in Russia by a White Army. It ended with the defeat of the final anti-communist enclave in the country, signalling the end of all military hostilities relating to the Russian Civil War.
2307:, in western Russia, Finland, Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania declared themselves independent, but they had substantial Communist or Russian military presence. Civil wars followed, wherein the anti-communist side may be referred to as White Armies, e.g. the
4611:
3913:
4162:
1993:, a far-right anticommunist organization founded in 1930 by a group of young White emigres in Belgrade, Yugoslavia. Some White émigrés adopted pro-Soviet sympathies and were termed "Soviet patriots". These people formed organizations such as the
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The White Armies were often lawless and disordered. Also, White-controlled territories had multiple different and varying currencies with unstable exchange-rates. The chief currency, the
Volunteer Army's ruble, had no
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3997:
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The White generals never mastered administration; they often utilized "prerevolutionary functionaries" or "military officers with monarchististic inclinations" for administering White-controlled regions.
1518:
in South Russia became the most prominent and the largest of the various and disparate White forces. Starting off as a small and well-organized military in
January 1918, the Volunteer Army soon grew. The
4085:
3260:Двухнедѣльный военный и военно-морской журналъ «Часовой»: органъ связи русскаго воинства за рубежомъ подъ ред. В. В. Орѣхова и Евгенія Тарусскаго, — Paris, 1 мая 1932. — № 79.
2857:
The White movement as a whole, despite the presence of political shades: republicans, monarchists, non-predeterminists, was a military-political movement that defended the values of
Stolypin's Russia.
1438:, and others who opposed Lenin's Bolshevik coup in October 1917. Depending on the time and place, those White Army supporters might also exchange right-wing allegiance for allegiance to the Red Army.
3761:
1403:, advocated for Russians to create their own government, claiming the military could not decide in Russians' steads. Admiral Alexander Kolchak succeeded in creating a temporary wartime government in
923:
3728:
3754:
4339:
1422:, did not acknowledge any authority but their own. Consequently, the White movement had no unifying political convictions, as members could be monarchists, republicans, rightists, or
1806:
The Eastern Front started in spring 1918 as a secret movement among army officers and right-wing socialist forces. In that front, they launched an attack in collaboration with the
3286:: В 30 т. Т. 3: «Банкетная кампания» 1904 — Большой Иргиз / Председатель Науч.-ред. совета Ю. С. Осипов, отв. ред. С. Л. Кравец ed.). Moscow: Большая Российская энциклопедия.
3850:
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3018:
It was Ivan III (1462–1505) who is well known as the first one to present himself as a tsar to foreigners, though it must be accepted that his use of the title was very sparse.
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2298:
5207:
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After General Denikin's attack upon Moscow failed in 1919, the Armed Forces of the South of Russia retreated. On 26 and 27 March 1920, the remnants of the Volunteer Army
1164:
in 1990–1991. This community-in-exile of anti-communists often divided into liberal and the more conservative segments, with some still hoping for the restoration of the
2750:
1355:
Aside from being anti-Bolshevik and anti-communist and patriotic, the Whites had no set ideology or main leader. The White Armies did acknowledge a single provisional
1340:
for the Russian Nationalist cause will be infinitely harder if well-authenticated complaints continue to be received from Jews in the zone of the Volunteer Armies.
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1434:
was a monarchist willing to fight for a republican Russian government. Moreover, other political parties supported the anti-Bolshevik White Army, among them the
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political movement representing an array of political opinions in Russia united in their opposition to the Bolsheviks—from the republican-minded liberals and
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4372:
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1239:(dissolved by the Bolsheviks in January 1918) could be convened. They worked to remove Soviet organizations and functionaries in White-controlled territory.
830:
367:
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1749:. Thus, the Volunteer Army took the name of the Caucasus Volunteer Army. On 23 January 1919, the Volunteer Army under Denikin oversaw the defeat of the
1574:
The White movement's leaders and first members came mainly from the ranks of military officers. Many came from outside the nobility, such as generals
1317:
or by rebel armies not affiliated with any side), "white" officers praise soldiers who commit anti-Semitic crimes, some of whom even receive bonuses.
113:
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2028:
1990:
1607:
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899:
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1677:. They were defeated by the Red Army due to military and ideological disunity, as well as the determination and increasing unity of the Red Army.
1814:
by the Bolshevik Government, who had barred them from leaving Russia, and with the Japanese, who also intervened to help the Whites in the east.
5352:
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joined the White Army and conscription of both peasants and Cossacks began. In late February 1918, 4,000 soldiers under the command of General
2016:
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1102:(1917–1923) and that to a lesser extent continued operating as militarized associations of rebels both outside and within Russian borders in
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2690:Предисловие // Красный террор в годы Гражданской войны: По материалам Особой следственной комиссии по расследованию злодеяний большевиков.
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1745:. By September, the Volunteer Army comprised 30,000 to 35,000 members, thanks to mobilization of the Kuban Cossacks gathered in the
887:
3088:
Christopher Lazarski, "White Propaganda Efforts in the South during the Russian Civil War, 1918–19 (The Alekseev-Denikin Period)",
4530:
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1250:. The White Army generally believed in a united multinational Russia and opposed separatists who wanted to create nation-states.
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The Whites and the Reds fought the Russian Civil War from November 1917 until 1921, and isolated battles continued in the
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social democrats on the left through monarchists and supporters of a united multinational Russia to the ultra-nationalist
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35:
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Moreover, in the 1920s and the 1930s the White movement established organisations outside Russia, which were meant to
1870:
1482:
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377:
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1861:, the White forces in the North demonstrated less co-ordination than General Denikin's Army of Southern Russia. The
1235:. The White Army had the stated aim to reverse the October Revolution and remove the Bolsheviks from power before a
1152:
of the movement remained in several organizations, some of which only had narrow support, enduring within the wider
5337:
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4147:
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1982:
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1314:
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387:
234:
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1507:
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3512:
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2006:
1407:, acknowledged by most other White leaders, but it ultimately disintegrated after Bolshevik military advances.
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2074:
1965:
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2125:
1912:
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Aerial forces available to the Whites included the Slavo-British Aviation Corps (S.B.A.C.). The Russian ace
1344:
However, Denikin did not dare to confront his officers and remained content with vague formal condemnations.
1274:
1243:
1056:
180:
2615:// "Banquet Campaign" of 1904 – Big Irgiz – Moscow: The Great Russian Encyclopedia, 2005 – Page 190 – (The
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1328:(1872–1947), formerly of the Imperial Army and later a major White military leader, whose forces effected
600:
406:
357:
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were sent to Vladivostok to protect the Chinese community: about 1600 soldiers and 700 support personnel.
2813:
1363:, but this post was prominent only under the leadership in the war campaigns during 1918–1920 of Admiral
5129:
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4728:
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3734:
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2403:
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2230:
2130:
1974:
1878:
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1702:
1642:
1460:
1368:
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562:
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Cite error: The named reference "RedTerror" was defined multiple times with different content (see the
1907:
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1543:, most of whom did not support the Volunteer Army. In March, 3,000 men under the command of General
5063:
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The White movement had access to various naval forces, both seagoing and riverine, especially the
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joined the Volunteer Army, increasing its membership to 6,000, and by June to 9,000. In 1919 the
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1902:
1617:
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3032:"The Use of Titles in Heberstein's 'Commentarii'. Was the Muscovite Tsar a King or an Emperor?"
2991:"The Use of Titles in Heberstein's 'Commentarii'. Was the Muscovite Tsar a King or an Emperor?"
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1978:
1962:
activists established a home base in the United States, to which numerous refugees emigrated.
1955:
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the brief mention that the Muscovite ruler is by some called 'the White King' ('albus rex').
2551:
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Soon after landing we started to recruit for the Slavo-British Aviation Corps (S.B.A.C.) .
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1951:
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and for the peasants who took their land from the owners". The organization also reissued
778:
537:
362:
43:
1823:
retook the territory. The Civil War was officially declared over at this point, although
3392:"'Iron Cross of the Wrangel's Army': Russian Emigrants as Interpreters in the Wehrmacht"
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Viktor G. Bortnevski, "White Administration and White Terror (The Denikin Period)",
2904:
Revolutions and Counter-Revolutions: 1917 and Its Aftermath from a Global Perspective
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In the Russian context after 1917, "White" had three main connotations which were:
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After the war, active anti-Soviet combat was almost exclusively continued by the
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1998:
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on 3 July, (N.S.). Plans envisaged 40,000 fighters under the command of General
1156:
overseas community until after the fall of the European communist states in the
79:
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The movement had no set foreign policy. Whites differed on policies toward the
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1994:
1741:(8,000–9,000 men) began its so-called Second Kuban Campaign with support from
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3202:"Первая лекция историка К. М. Александрова о Гражданской войне. Часть первая"
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3006:
2838:"Первая лекция историка К. М. Александрова о Гражданской войне. Часть первая"
4065:
2723:Советская Россия: Проблемы социально-экономического и политического развития
1890:
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The old spelling was retained by the Whites to differentiate from the Reds.
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played a role as well. The most notable operation on this front, Operation
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1943:
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Bibliography of the Russian Revolution and Civil War § White armies
5265:
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2957:(illustrated ed.). Central European University Press. p. 90.
2954:
China inside out: contemporary Chinese nationalism and transnationalism
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1811:
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1707:
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1391:
1203:(reigned 1462–1505), at a period when some styled the ruler of Muscovy
1103:
1027:
706:
39:
4531:
4243:
2874:"Рыцарь «Единой и неделимой» (К перезахоронению праха А. И. Деникина)"
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1946:. They established military and cultural networks that lasted through
1922:
The defeated anti-Bolshevik Russians went into exile, congregating in
5280:
4916:
3481:
Civil War in South Russia, 1918: The First Year of the Volunteer Army
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1935:
1927:
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during World War II, when some White Russians participated in the
1964:
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1906:
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and then captured the North Caucasus region. After capturing the
1129:
During the Russian Civil War, the White movement functioned as a
1118:), also known as the White Guard (Бѣлая гвардія / Белая гвардия,
2583:"ETIS - Rets.: Reigo Rosenthal, Loodearmee, Tallinn: Argo, 2006"
1531:
due to the advance of the Red Army. In what became known as the
1404:
1292:
1196:
4247:
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3524:
2105:(seated center), Major General in the White movement and later
3472:
Civil War in South Russia, 1919–1920: The Defeat of the Whites
2951:
Joana Breidenbach (2005). Pál Nyíri, Joana Breidenbach (ed.).
2814:
White Army of Russia | History, Significance & Composition
3504:
1889:, saw an unsuccessful advance towards the Russian capital of
1713:
White organising in the South started on 15 November 1917, (
1629:
until June 1923. The White Army—aided by the Allied forces (
3449:
Kenez, Peter (1980). "The Ideology of the White Movement".
1231:
Above all, the White movement emerged as opponents of the
3042:]. Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz Verlag. p. 189.
3001:]. Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz Verlag. p. 190.
2035:
during the 1920s and a few independently served with the
1510:), later became the Volunteer Army's elite Shock Regiment
1430:
nor General Anton Denikin were monarchists, yet General
1309:. Although Denikin's troops committed only 17.2% of the
1242:
Overall, the White Army was nationalistic and rejected
3179:
Christopher Lazarski, "White Propaganda Efforts," 690.
3114:
Christopher Lazarski, "White Propaganda Efforts," 689.
1291:'Informing Agency'), made the claim that "the
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in June, Denikin's forces launched an attack towards
1279:
1122:) or White Guardsmen (Бѣлогвардейцы / Белогвардейцы,
1061:
3137:
Approaches to Auschwitz: The Legacy of the Holocaust
3069:
3067:
3040:
Essays on the intellectual history of eastern Europe
3036:
Schriften zur Geistesgeschichte des östlichen Europa
2999:
Essays on the intellectual history of eastern Europe
2995:
Schriften zur Geistesgeschichte des östlichen Europa
27:
Anti-Bolshevik movement during the Russian Civil War
5243:
5157:
5112:
4981:
4974:
4849:
4689:
4682:
4621:
4469:
4288:
4281:
4200:
4193:
4172:
4136:
3972:
3965:
3813:
3804:
3719:
3694:
3669:
3651:
3632:
3586:
3556:
2299:
Pro-independence movements in the Russian Civil War
1729:until his death in April 1918, after which General
998:
984:
811:
487:
476:
461:
439:
427:
396:
311:
292:
277:
267:
127:
51:
5208:On the Historical Unity of Russians and Ukrainians
2043:. White Russians also served alongside the Soviet
1780:to the Crimea, where they merged with the army of
1725:took over the military command of the newly named
1657:and (sometimes) the Central Powers forces such as
1414:who were aligned with the White movement, such as
1253:The propaganda service of the Volunteer Army, the
1180:Political contra-distinction to "the Reds", whose
1706:In the summer of 1919, Denikin's troops captured
1110:(1939–1945). The movement's military arm was the
2844:. St. Petersburg. 5 January 2010. Archived from
2720:Никулин В.В., Красников В.В., Юдин А.Н. (2005).
2020:Emblem used by white émigré volunteers in the
1582:, who originated in serf families, or General
4259:
3762:
3536:
2311:-led, partially conscripted army in Finland (
1144:Following the military defeat of the Whites,
1046:
8:
4877:Liberal Democratic Party of the Soviet Union
2749:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
2344:Allied intervention in the Russian Civil War
1426:. Among White Army leaders, neither General
3483:. Berkeley: University of California Press.
3474:. Berkeley: University of California Press.
3105:, Vol. 52, No. 3 (Jul., 1993), pp. 354–366.
3084:
3082:
2685:
2683:
4978:
4686:
4285:
4266:
4252:
4244:
4197:
3969:
3810:
3769:
3755:
3747:
3543:
3529:
3521:
3135:Rubenstein, Richard L., and John K. Roth.
2762:. Archived from the original on 2012-01-03
103:General Denisov, commander of the Don Army
48:
4093:Separate Mongolian-Buryat Cavalry Brigade
3500:Museum and Archives of the White Movement
3092:Vol. 70, No. 4 (Oct., 1992), pp. 688–707.
1320:British parliamentary influential leader
1051:Бѣлое движеніе / post–1918 Белое движение
2481:Вре́менное Всеросси́йское прави́тельство
2029:National Alliance of Russian Solidarists
1991:National Alliance of Russian Solidarists
1608:Ranks and insignia of the White Movement
1501:
1195:, specifically recalling Russia's first
2492:Vrémennoye Vserossíyskoye pravítel'stvo
2446:
2421:
1694:Southern Front of the Russian Civil War
821:
497:
325:
174:
3397:The Journal of Slavic Military Studies
3365:White Administration and White Terror,
3090:The Slavonic and East European Review,
2902:Rinke, Stefan; Wildt, Michael (2017).
2827:and the Menshevik - SR lower classes."
2772:
2742:
2699:/ Под ред. докторов исторических наук
1794:Eastern Front of the Russian Civil War
1680:The White Army operated in three main
1351:Coat of Arms of the Kolchak government
1324:(1874–1965) personally warned General
4540:Orthodoxy, Autocracy, and Nationality
3351:
3238:
3226:
3188:
3123:
3073:
2674:
2053:Islamic rebellion in Xinjiang in 1937
1735:"Armed Forces of the South of Russia"
1359:in a Supreme Governor of Russia in a
1070:
664:Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes
7:
4902:National Russian Liberation Movement
4887:Movement Against Illegal Immigration
1831:District at that time. Pepelyayev's
1465:Pogroms during the Russian Civil War
1158:Eastern European Revolutions of 1989
445:Russia United, Great and Indivisible
2704:
2339:1st Infantry Brigade (South Africa)
1332:and persecutions against the Jews:
1313:(most of which were carried out by
1306:The Protocols of the Elders of Zion
1227:Female White officers in late 1917.
5234:What Russia Should Do with Ukraine
5194:The Last Will of a Russian Fascist
4759:Liberal Democratic Party of Russia
4456:2014 pro-Russian unrest in Ukraine
2619:: in 35 Volumes / Editor-in-Chief
2473:Provisional All-Russian Government
1361:Provisional All-Russian Government
25:
18:White Russians (Russian Civil War)
5358:Russian nationalist organizations
4784:The Other Russia of E. V. Limonov
3875:Army Group Kiev of General Bredov
3495:Anti-Bolshevik Russia in pictures
3321:from the original on 27 June 2014
2651:from the original on 5 April 2023
1958:. Afterward, the White Russians'
1295:must pay for everything: for the
1270:ОСВАГ (ОСВедомительное АГентство)
1214:worn by some White Army soldiers.
106:Admiral Kolchak reviewing troops
5298:
5297:
4932:Russian National Socialist Party
4829:Union of Orthodox Banner-Bearers
4774:National Socialism / White Power
3169:from the original on 2016-05-21.
3034:. In von Gardner, Johann (ed.).
2993:. In von Gardner, Johann (ed.).
2369:Grand Orient of Russia's Peoples
2070:decorating his troops in Siberia
1839:Northern and Northwestern fronts
1733:took over, becoming head of the
1281:OSVAG (OSVedomitelnoe AGentstvo)
1083:), was a loose confederation of
1026:
1002:
969:
956:
944:
929:
917:
905:
893:
881:
867:
849:
836:
824:
796:
784:
772:
760:
746:
735:
724:
711:
699:
687:
675:
657:
645:
632:
619:
606:
593:
581:
568:
555:
543:
530:
516:
501:
281:
238:
222:
89:
78:
69:
5328:Nationalist movements in Europe
4867:Congress of Russian Communities
4228:Turkestan Military Organization
3296:Kenez, Peter, Civil War, 18–22.
3284:Большая российская энциклопедия
2884:from the original on 2012-05-19
1877:. Authoritarian support led by
1491:"Why aren't you in the army?",
1162:dissolution of the Soviet Union
4789:Popular Resistance Association
4373:Ukrainian language suppression
3892:Novorossiysk Region Army Group
3149:Joseph Cohen, Michael (1985).
2811:Osborne, R. (2023, April 14).
1378:in its extended occupation of
1:
5353:Nationalist movements in Asia
4862:Combat Terrorist Organization
4603:United and Indivisible Russia
3603:
3596:Army of the Tsardom of Russia
3574:
3513:History of the White Movement
3505:Memory and Honour Association
2906:. Campus Verlag. p. 58.
2729:. Тамбов: Издательство ТГТУ.
2409:Ukrainian War of Independence
1802:White movement in Transbaikal
1621:Russian Civil War in the west
1506:Kornilov's Shock Detachment (
1495:recruiting poster during the
1436:Socialist Revolutionary Party
1336:y task in winning support in
1299:and October revolutions, for
338:White movement in Transbaikal
117:
107:
5363:Anti-communist organizations
5187:History: Fiction or Science?
5024:Aleksandr Ivanov-Sukharevsky
4892:Nation and Freedom Committee
4839:Young Guard of United Russia
4697:Atomwaffen Division Russland
4570:Russian-occupied territories
4439:2010 Manezhnaya Square riots
4202:Armed Forces of South Russia
3815:Armed Forces of South Russia
3410:10.1080/13518046.2014.932630
3342:Kenez, Peter, Civil War, 18.
3250:Kenez, Peter, Civil War, 90.
3139:. London: SCM, 1987, p. 138.
2359:Estonian War of Independence
2241:Konstantin Petrovich Nechaev
1987:Brotherhood of Russian Truth
1810:, who were then stranded in
1721:. In December 1917, General
1698:Southern Russia intervention
1527:were forced to retreat from
1114:(Бѣлая армія / Белая армия,
1072:[ˈbʲɛləɪdvʲɪˈʐenʲɪɪ]
5173:The Fourth Political Theory
4962:Union of the Russian People
4461:Russian invasion of Ukraine
4153:West Russian Volunteer Army
3624:Toy army of Peter the Great
2566:
2541:
2516:
2491:
2136:Stanisław Bułak-Bałachowicz
2049:Soviet invasion of Xinjiang
2011:Russian Liberation Movement
1977:the Soviet government with
1911:Blagoveshchensky Temple, a
1883:Stanisław Bułak-Bałachowicz
1871:West Russian Volunteer Army
1778:evacuated from Novorossiysk
1566:operated within this unit.
1539:in order to unite with the
1483:West Russian Volunteer Army
1367:, formerly of the previous
1280:
1062:
5379:
5180:Foundations of Geopolitics
4947:New Russian National Unity
4927:Russian All-National Union
4907:National Socialist Society
4804:Russian All-People's Union
4486:Emperor of all the Russias
4481:Collector of Russian lands
4422:1993 constitutional crisis
4032:4th Eastern Siberian Corps
3440:
3030:Lehtovirta, Jaako (2002).
2989:Lehtovirta, Jaako (2002).
2928:"YIVO | Russian Civil War"
2617:Great Russian Encyclopedia
2384:Russian All-Military Union
2296:
2276:Pyotr Nikolayevich Wrangel
2271:Roman von Ungern-Sternberg
2080:Government of South Russia
1983:Russian All-Military Union
1900:
1842:
1791:
1691:
1605:
1468:
1454:
1432:Pyotr Nikolayevich Wrangel
1420:Roman Ungern von Sternberg
669:Other states and factions:
235:Roman von Ungern-Sternberg
29:
5294:
4824:Serbian Party Oathkeepers
4809:Russian Imperial Movement
4764:Lithuanian People's Party
4061:Orenburg Independent Army
4022:2nd Steppe Siberian Corps
4017:1st Middle Siberian Corps
3904:Kharkov Region Army Group
3791:
3463:10.1080/09668138008411280
2880:(in Russian). Правая.ru.
2779:: CS1 maint: unfit URL (
2623:; 2004–2017, Volume 3) –
2555:
2530:
2505:
2480:
2334:Russian State (1918–1920)
1845:North Russia intervention
1816:Admiral Alexander Kolchak
1633:) from countries such as
1269:
1047:
1010:
99:Clockwise from top left:
63:
56:
5348:Anti-communism in Russia
5251:Great Russian chauvinism
5244:Opposition and criticism
4897:National Bolshevik Party
4427:National Salvation Front
4098:Asiatic Cavalry Division
4005:3rd Army (Siberian Army)
3993:2nd Army (Siberian Army)
3981:1st Army (Siberian Army)
2611:25 February 2020 at the
2374:Great Siberian Ice March
2007:Russian Protective Corps
1788:Eastern (Siberian) front
1191:Historical reference to
912:Mongolian People's Party
30:Not to be confused with
4922:People's National Party
4491:Little Russian identity
4233:Peasant Army of Fergana
4051:People's Army of Komuch
3951:Ukrainian Galician Army
3619:Army of Peter the Great
2794:House, 2009. — 157 p. —
2379:Italian Legione Redenta
2171:Nikolay Iudovich Ivanov
2126:Nicholas Savich Bakulin
1969:White propaganda poster
1913:Russian Orthodox Church
1893:in the autumn of 1919.
1087:forces that fought the
429:Political position
5084:Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn
5004:Alexander Belov-Potkin
4942:Russian National Unity
4937:Russian National Union
4819:Russkiy Mir Foundation
4707:Club of Angry Patriots
4128:White Latvian Riflemen
3880:Kiev Region Army Group
3558:Principality of Moscow
3363:Viktor G. Bortnevski,
3307:"The R.A.F. in Russia"
3278:Цветков В. Ж. (2005).
3152:Churchill and the Jews
2757:"Архивированная копия"
2161:Dmitrii Fedotoff-White
2110:
2095:
2071:
2024:
1970:
1950:(1939–1945), e.g. the
1919:
1710:
1622:
1511:
1499:
1352:
1342:
1315:Ukrainian nationalists
1228:
1210:The white uniforms of
1172:Structure and ideology
5130:Konstantin Rodzaevsky
5029:Konstantin Kasimovsky
4729:Ethnic National Union
4702:Black Hundreds (1992)
4451:2013 Biryulyovo riots
4185:Arctic Ocean Flotilla
3953:(since November 1919)
3642:Imperial Russian Army
3479:Kenez, Peter (1971).
3470:Kenez, Peter (1977).
2542:Ufímskaya Direktóriya
2531:Уфи́мская Директо́рия
2458:The Russian Civil War
2404:White Terror (Russia)
2315:) who fought against
2231:Vladimir May-Mayevsky
2131:Pavel Bermondt-Avalov
2103:Sergei Voitsekhovskii
2101:
2077:
2066:
2019:
1968:
1910:
1879:Pavel Bermondt-Avalov
1827:still controlled the
1798:Siberian intervention
1771:Vladimir May-Mayevsky
1705:
1620:
1613:Theatres of operation
1505:
1490:
1461:White Terror (Russia)
1369:Russian Imperial Navy
1350:
1334:
1226:
1075:), also known as the
1018:Russian Imperial Army
5099:Vladimir Zhirinovsky
4912:Northern Brotherhood
4744:Eurasian Youth Union
4683:Modern organizations
4555:Russian civilization
4402:Galician Russophilia
4355:Military occupations
4335:Partitions of Poland
3390:Beyda, Oleg (2014).
3155:. Psychology Press.
2932:yivoencyclopedia.org
2399:Soviet–Ukrainian War
2354:Czechoslovak Legions
2281:Sergei Wojciechowski
1821:Far Eastern Republic
1808:Czechoslovak Legions
1244:ethnic particularism
1237:constituent assembly
1094:, also known as the
993:Mongolian Revolution
844:Far Eastern Republic
480:3.4 million members
407:Non-predetermination
32:White Power Movement
5343:Russian nationalism
5064:Maxim Martsinkevich
4999:Alexander Barkashov
4639:National Bolshevism
4565:Russian irredentism
4550:Russia for Russians
4545:Orthodoxy or death!
4275:Russian nationalism
4137:North-Western Front
4113:5th Polish Division
4103:Czechoslovak Legion
4081:Holy Cross Druzhina
3909:North Caucasus Army
3661:Russian Army (1917)
3613:New Order Regiments
2701:Ю. Г. Фельштинского
2567:Ómskaya Direktóriya
2556:О́мская Директо́рия
2305:February Revolution
2256:Aleksandr Rodzyanko
2221:Konstantin Mamontov
2181:Vladimir Kantakuzen
1865:allied itself with
1773:storming the city.
1535:, they traveled to
1471:Russian Army (1919)
1207:("the White King").
1160:and the subsequent
422:Russian nationalism
116:Kornilov in Moscow
5228:Sputnik and Pogrom
5059:Vyacheslav Maltsev
4634:Far-right politics
4516:Moscow, third Rome
4496:Ethnic nationalism
4476:All-Russian nation
4148:North-Western Army
4037:5th Pri-Amur Corps
3783:and fleets of the
3737:1992–present
3721:Russian Federation
3265:2010-12-17 at the
2695:2020-08-08 at the
2647:. 15 August 2019.
2641:"The White armies"
2206:Mikhail Kvetsinsky
2151:Mikhail Drozdovsky
2111:
2096:
2072:
2025:
1971:
1920:
1825:Anatoly Pepelyayev
1711:
1623:
1602:Ranks and insignia
1512:
1500:
1353:
1229:
924:Chinese communists
304:Russian Government
269:Dates of operation
251:Anatoly Pepelyayev
5338:Russian Civil War
5310:
5309:
5286:Volos Declaration
5271:Prison of peoples
5215:Rebuilding Russia
5153:
5152:
5044:Vladimir Kvachkov
5039:Konstantin Krylov
5034:Yegor Kholmogorov
4970:
4969:
4674:Soviet patriotism
4521:Nuclear Orthodoxy
4368:
4367:
4241:
4240:
4223:
4222:
4158:Chudskoe Flotilla
4046:
4045:
3926:Crimean–Azov Army
3841:
3840:
3785:Russian Civil War
3744:
3743:
3671:Russian Civil War
3588:Tsardom of Russia
3208:. 18 January 2010
3191:, pp. 58–59.
3162:978-0-7146-3254-4
2964:978-963-7326-14-1
2800:978-5-8323-0602-5
2564:
2539:
2514:
2489:
2364:Finnish Civil War
2349:Basmachi movement
2313:valkoinen armeija
2293:Related movements
2211:Alexander Kutepov
2191:Alexander Kolchak
2146:Mikhail Diterikhs
2116:Mikhail Alekseyev
2107:Czechoslovak Army
2068:Alexander Kolchak
2041:Spanish Civil War
2022:Spanish Civil War
1979:guerrilla warfare
1956:Shanghai Russians
1869:, while Lieven's
1863:Northwestern Army
1737:in January 1919.
1719:Mikhail Alekseyev
1576:Mikhail Alekseyev
1564:Alexander Kazakov
1497:Russian Civil War
1365:Alexander Kolchak
1322:Winston Churchill
1290:
1278:
1193:absolute monarchy
1100:Russian Civil War
1063:Beloye dvizheniye
1060:
1039:
1038:
1023:Succeeded by
989:Russian Civil War
246:Mikhail Diterikhs
219:Alexander Kolchak
177:Mikhail Alekseyev
16:(Redirected from
5370:
5301:
5300:
5223:
5135:Mikhail Skobelev
5104:Gennady Zyuganov
5089:Igor Shafarevich
5019:Dmitry Galkovsky
5009:Dmitry Demushkin
4979:
4734:Eurasia Movement
4719:Donetsk Republic
4687:
4615:
4536:
4533:
4447:
4387:Pochvennichestvo
4318:Khanate of Sibir
4286:
4268:
4261:
4254:
4245:
4215:Caspian Flotilla
4198:
4166:
4089:
4071:Far Eastern Army
4013:
4001:
3989:
3970:
3941:Caspian Flotilla
3917:
3900:
3888:
3854:
3811:
3771:
3764:
3757:
3748:
3729:CIS Armed Forces
3653:Russian Republic
3608:
3605:
3579:
3576:
3551:Armies of Russia
3545:
3538:
3531:
3522:
3517:
3509:
3484:
3475:
3466:
3430:
3429:
3387:
3381:
3374:
3368:
3361:
3355:
3349:
3343:
3340:
3334:
3333:
3328:
3326:
3303:
3297:
3294:
3288:
3287:
3275:
3269:
3257:
3251:
3248:
3242:
3236:
3230:
3224:
3218:
3217:
3215:
3213:
3206:www.belrussia.ru
3198:
3192:
3186:
3180:
3177:
3171:
3170:
3146:
3140:
3133:
3127:
3121:
3115:
3112:
3106:
3099:
3093:
3086:
3077:
3071:
3062:
3061:
3056:
3054:
3027:
3021:
3020:
3015:
3013:
2986:
2980:
2979:
2973:
2971:
2948:
2942:
2941:
2939:
2938:
2924:
2918:
2917:
2899:
2893:
2892:
2890:
2889:
2866:
2860:
2859:
2854:
2853:
2834:
2828:
2824:
2818:
2809:
2803:
2791:
2785:
2784:
2778:
2770:
2768:
2767:
2761:
2754:
2748:
2740:
2728:
2717:
2711:
2710:
2687:
2678:
2672:
2661:
2660:
2658:
2656:
2637:
2631:
2603:
2597:
2596:
2594:
2593:
2579:
2573:
2569:
2559:
2557:
2544:
2534:
2532:
2519:
2509:
2507:
2494:
2484:
2482:
2467:
2461:
2451:
2429:
2426:
2389:Russian diaspora
2286:Nikolai Yudenich
2261:Grigory Semyonov
2246:Viktor Pokrovsky
2121:Vladimir Antonov
2059:Prominent people
2033:Zog I of Albania
1851:Nikolai Yudenich
1751:11th Soviet Army
1717:) under General
1545:Viktor Pokrovsky
1416:Grigory Semyonov
1285:
1283:
1273:
1271:
1263:
1079:(Бѣлые / Белые,
1074:
1069:
1065:
1055:
1053:
1052:
1030:
1014:Preceded by
1006:
985:Battles and wars
974:
973:
972:
961:
960:
959:
949:
948:
947:
934:
933:
932:
922:
921:
920:
910:
909:
908:
898:
897:
896:
886:
885:
884:
873:
871:
870:
854:
853:
852:
842:
840:
839:
829:
828:
827:
801:
800:
799:
789:
788:
787:
777:
776:
775:
765:
764:
763:
751:
750:
749:
739:
729:
728:
727:
717:
715:
714:
705:
703:
702:
692:
691:
690:
680:
679:
678:
662:
661:
660:
650:
649:
648:
638:
636:
635:
625:
623:
622:
612:
610:
609:
599:
597:
596:
587:
585:
584:
574:
572:
571:
561:
559:
558:
548:
547:
536:
534:
533:
526:
522:
520:
519:
511:
507:
505:
504:
483:
457:
453:
415:
353:Far Eastern Army
333:White Rebel Army
322:
285:
270:
259:
242:
230:Nikolai Yudenich
226:
214:
201:
193:Grigory Semyonov
171:
167:
156:
143:
119:
114:Infantry General
109:
93:
82:
73:
59:
49:
21:
5378:
5377:
5373:
5372:
5371:
5369:
5368:
5367:
5313:
5312:
5311:
5306:
5290:
5239:
5217:
5149:
5140:Ivan Solonevich
5108:
5094:Dmitri Vasilyev
5069:Zakhar Prilepin
5049:Alexander Lebed
5014:Aleksandr Dugin
4966:
4845:
4724:Essence of Time
4678:
4617:
4605:
4528:
4465:
4441:
4434:Russian marches
4364:
4298:
4293:
4277:
4272:
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3995:
3983:
3961:
3946:Army of Wrangel
3936:Black Sea Fleet
3911:
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3882:
3848:
3837:
3800:
3787:
3775:
3745:
3740:
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3690:
3665:
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3644:1721–1917
3628:
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3568:1380–1698
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3317:(1): 82. 1919.
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2606:The White Guard
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2186:Vladimir Kappel
2156:Alexander Dutov
2061:
1905:
1899:
1875:Baltic nobility
1873:sided with the
1847:
1841:
1804:
1792:Main articles:
1790:
1700:
1692:Main articles:
1690:
1663:Austria-Hungary
1615:
1610:
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1557:Black Sea Fleet
1525:Aleksei Kaledin
1485:
1467:
1455:Main articles:
1453:
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1166:Romanov dynasty
1120:Belaya gvardiya
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44:Nuer White Army
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5323:White movement
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5145:Vasily Shulgin
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5079:Dmitry Rogozin
5076:
5074:Vladimir Putin
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5054:Eduard Limonov
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4412:Smenovekhovtsy
4409:
4407:White movement
4404:
4399:
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4392:Black Hundreds
4389:
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4210:Turkestan Army
4206:
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4182:
4176:
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4173:Northern Front
4170:
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4143:Northern Corps
4140:
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4118:Siberian Fleet
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4027:3rd Ural Corps
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3858:Volunteer Army
3855:
3846:Astrakhan Army
3842:
3839:
3838:
3836:
3835:
3833:3rd Army Corps
3830:
3828:2nd Army Corps
3825:
3823:1st Army Corps
3819:
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3808:
3806:Southern Front
3802:
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3634:Russian Empire
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3497:
3490:
3489:External links
3487:
3486:
3485:
3476:
3467:
3451:Soviet Studies
3438:
3435:
3432:
3431:
3404:(3): 430–448.
3382:
3376:Kenez, Peter,
3369:
3356:
3344:
3335:
3298:
3289:
3280:Белое движение
3270:
3252:
3243:
3231:
3219:
3193:
3181:
3172:
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3141:
3128:
3116:
3107:
3103:Russian Review
3094:
3078:
3063:
3022:
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2963:
2943:
2919:
2913:978-3593507057
2912:
2894:
2872:(2005-10-03).
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2548:Omsk Directory
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2297:Main article:
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2216:Anatoly Lieven
2213:
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2203:
2198:
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2183:
2178:
2176:Alexey Kaledin
2173:
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2133:
2128:
2123:
2118:
2112:
2060:
2057:
2003:Smenovekhovtsy
1960:anti-communist
1901:Main article:
1898:
1897:Post-Civil War
1895:
1859:Anatoly Lieven
1843:Main article:
1840:
1837:
1789:
1786:
1747:North Caucasus
1727:Volunteer Army
1689:
1688:Southern front
1686:
1639:United Kingdom
1631:Triple Entente
1614:
1611:
1606:Main article:
1603:
1600:
1571:
1570:Administration
1568:
1541:Kuban Cossacks
1521:Kuban Cossacks
1516:Volunteer Army
1493:Volunteer Army
1475:Volunteer Army
1452:
1449:
1447:
1444:
1380:western Russia
1220:
1217:
1216:
1215:
1208:
1189:
1184:supported the
1173:
1170:
1141:on the right.
1139:Black Hundreds
1124:Belogvardeytsi
1106:until roughly
1085:anti-communist
1045:(Russian:
1043:White movement
1037:
1036:
1021:
1012:
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1008:
1007:
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900:CWP of Estonia
890:
878:
864:
846:
833:
817:
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815:
813:
809:
808:
806:
805:
793:
791:Finnish Whites
781:
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694:Kuban cossacks
684:
672:
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642:
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509:United Kingdom
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403:Anti-communism
400:
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385:
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375:
370:
365:
360:
355:
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348:Turkestan Army
345:
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328:Volunteer Army
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58:Белое движение
54:
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52:White movement
26:
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14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
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5125:Pyotr Krasnov
5123:
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4975:Personalities
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4857:Artpodgotovka
4855:
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4834:United Russia
4832:
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4769:Narodny Sobor
4767:
4765:
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4757:
4755:
4752:
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4742:
4740:
4739:Eurasia Party
4737:
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4709:
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4654:Neo-Stalinism
4652:
4650:
4649:Neo-Sovietism
4647:
4645:
4642:
4640:
4637:
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4627:
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4588:Russian world
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4330:North America
4328:
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4323:
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4311:
4309:
4306:
4305:
4303:
4301:
4300:Russification
4296:
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4180:Northern Army
4178:
4177:
4175:
4171:
4164:
4159:
4156:
4154:
4151:
4149:
4146:
4144:
4141:
4139:
4135:
4129:
4126:
4124:
4121:
4119:
4116:
4114:
4111:
4109:
4106:
4104:
4101:
4099:
4096:
4094:
4091:
4087:
4082:
4079:
4077:
4074:
4072:
4069:
4067:
4064:
4062:
4059:
4057:
4054:
4052:
4049:
4048:
4038:
4035:
4033:
4030:
4028:
4025:
4023:
4020:
4018:
4015:
4014:
4011:
4006:
4003:
3999:
3994:
3991:
3987:
3982:
3979:
3977:
3975:
3974:Siberian Army
3971:
3968:
3966:Eastern Front
3964:
3958:
3957:Southern Army
3955:
3952:
3949:
3947:
3944:
3942:
3939:
3937:
3934:
3932:
3929:
3927:
3924:
3922:
3921:Caucasus Army
3919:
3915:
3910:
3907:
3905:
3902:
3898:
3893:
3890:
3886:
3881:
3878:
3876:
3873:
3869:
3866:
3865:
3864:
3861:
3859:
3856:
3852:
3847:
3844:
3843:
3834:
3831:
3829:
3826:
3824:
3821:
3820:
3818:
3816:
3812:
3809:
3807:
3803:
3797:
3794:
3793:
3790:
3786:
3782:
3779:
3772:
3767:
3765:
3760:
3758:
3753:
3752:
3749:
3736:
3735:Ground Forces
3733:
3731:1991–93
3730:
3727:
3726:
3724:
3722:
3718:
3712:1946–92
3711:
3708:
3706:1922–46
3705:
3702:
3701:
3699:
3697:
3693:
3687:1918–22
3686:
3683:
3681:1918–23
3680:
3677:
3676:
3674:
3672:
3668:
3662:
3659:
3658:
3656:
3654:
3650:
3643:
3640:
3639:
3637:
3635:
3631:
3625:
3622:
3620:
3617:
3615:1648–98
3614:
3611:
3602:
3599:
3597:
3594:
3593:
3591:
3589:
3585:
3573:
3570:
3567:
3564:
3563:
3561:
3559:
3555:
3546:
3541:
3539:
3534:
3532:
3527:
3526:
3523:
3514:
3511:
3506:
3503:
3501:
3498:
3496:
3493:
3492:
3488:
3482:
3477:
3473:
3468:
3464:
3460:
3457:(32): 58–83.
3456:
3452:
3447:
3446:
3444:
3436:
3427:
3423:
3419:
3415:
3411:
3407:
3403:
3399:
3398:
3393:
3386:
3383:
3379:
3373:
3370:
3366:
3360:
3357:
3354:, p. 65.
3353:
3348:
3345:
3339:
3336:
3332:
3320:
3316:
3312:
3311:The Aeroplane
3308:
3302:
3299:
3293:
3290:
3285:
3281:
3274:
3271:
3268:
3264:
3261:
3256:
3253:
3247:
3244:
3241:, p. 59.
3240:
3235:
3232:
3229:, p. 69.
3228:
3223:
3220:
3207:
3203:
3197:
3194:
3190:
3185:
3182:
3176:
3173:
3168:
3164:
3158:
3154:
3153:
3145:
3142:
3138:
3132:
3129:
3126:, p. 62.
3125:
3120:
3117:
3111:
3108:
3104:
3098:
3095:
3091:
3085:
3083:
3079:
3075:
3070:
3068:
3064:
3060:
3049:
3045:
3041:
3037:
3033:
3026:
3023:
3019:
3008:
3004:
3000:
2996:
2992:
2985:
2982:
2978:
2966:
2960:
2956:
2955:
2947:
2944:
2933:
2929:
2923:
2920:
2915:
2909:
2905:
2898:
2895:
2883:
2879:
2875:
2871:
2870:Бутаков Я. А.
2865:
2862:
2858:
2848:on 2010-10-31
2847:
2843:
2839:
2833:
2830:
2823:
2820:
2816:
2815:
2808:
2805:
2801:
2797:
2790:
2787:
2782:
2776:
2758:
2752:
2746:
2738:
2736:5-8265-0394-7
2732:
2725:
2724:
2716:
2713:
2708:
2702:
2698:
2694:
2691:
2686:
2684:
2680:
2677:, p. 74.
2676:
2671:
2669:
2667:
2663:
2650:
2646:
2645:Alpha History
2642:
2636:
2633:
2630:
2629:5-85270-331-1
2626:
2622:
2618:
2614:
2610:
2607:
2602:
2599:
2588:
2584:
2578:
2575:
2568:
2562:
2553:
2549:
2546:
2543:
2537:
2528:
2524:
2523:Ufa Directory
2521:
2518:
2512:
2503:
2499:
2496:
2493:
2487:
2478:
2474:
2471:
2470:
2466:
2463:
2459:
2455:
2454:Evan Mawdsley
2450:
2447:
2440:
2435:
2425:
2422:
2415:
2410:
2407:
2405:
2402:
2400:
2397:
2395:
2392:
2390:
2387:
2385:
2382:
2380:
2377:
2375:
2372:
2370:
2367:
2365:
2362:
2360:
2357:
2355:
2352:
2350:
2347:
2345:
2342:
2340:
2337:
2335:
2332:
2331:
2326:
2324:
2322:
2318:
2317:Soviet Russia
2314:
2310:
2306:
2300:
2292:
2287:
2284:
2282:
2279:
2277:
2274:
2272:
2269:
2267:
2266:Andrei Shkuro
2264:
2262:
2259:
2257:
2254:
2252:
2249:
2247:
2244:
2242:
2239:
2237:
2236:Evgeny Miller
2234:
2232:
2229:
2227:
2226:Sergey Markov
2224:
2222:
2219:
2217:
2214:
2212:
2209:
2207:
2204:
2202:
2201:Pyotr Krasnov
2199:
2197:
2196:Lavr Kornilov
2194:
2192:
2189:
2187:
2184:
2182:
2179:
2177:
2174:
2172:
2169:
2167:
2164:
2162:
2159:
2157:
2154:
2152:
2149:
2147:
2144:
2142:
2141:Anton Denikin
2139:
2137:
2134:
2132:
2129:
2127:
2124:
2122:
2119:
2117:
2114:
2113:
2108:
2104:
2100:
2094:in April 1920
2093:
2089:
2085:
2084:Pyotr Wrangel
2081:
2076:
2069:
2065:
2058:
2056:
2054:
2050:
2046:
2042:
2038:
2034:
2030:
2023:
2018:
2014:
2012:
2008:
2004:
2000:
1996:
1992:
1988:
1984:
1980:
1976:
1967:
1963:
1961:
1957:
1953:
1949:
1945:
1941:
1937:
1933:
1929:
1925:
1918:
1914:
1909:
1904:
1896:
1894:
1892:
1888:
1884:
1880:
1876:
1872:
1868:
1864:
1860:
1856:
1855:Evgeni Miller
1852:
1846:
1838:
1836:
1834:
1830:
1826:
1822:
1817:
1813:
1809:
1803:
1799:
1795:
1787:
1785:
1783:
1782:Pyotr Wrangel
1779:
1774:
1772:
1768:
1764:
1760:
1756:
1752:
1748:
1744:
1743:Pyotr Krasnov
1738:
1736:
1732:
1731:Anton Denikin
1728:
1724:
1723:Lavr Kornilov
1720:
1716:
1709:
1704:
1699:
1695:
1687:
1685:
1683:
1678:
1676:
1672:
1668:
1664:
1660:
1656:
1655:United States
1652:
1648:
1644:
1640:
1636:
1632:
1628:
1619:
1612:
1609:
1601:
1599:
1597:
1591:
1587:
1586:, a Cossack.
1585:
1584:Lavr Kornilov
1581:
1580:Anton Denikin
1577:
1569:
1567:
1565:
1560:
1558:
1553:
1550:
1546:
1542:
1538:
1534:
1530:
1529:Rostov-on-Don
1526:
1522:
1517:
1509:
1504:
1498:
1494:
1489:
1484:
1480:
1479:Siberian Army
1476:
1472:
1466:
1462:
1458:
1450:
1445:
1443:
1439:
1437:
1433:
1429:
1428:Lavr Kornilov
1425:
1421:
1417:
1413:
1408:
1406:
1402:
1401:Anton Denikin
1397:
1396:Eastern Front
1393:
1389:
1385:
1384:Baltic states
1381:
1377:
1376:German Empire
1372:
1370:
1366:
1362:
1358:
1357:head of state
1349:
1345:
1341:
1339:
1333:
1331:
1327:
1326:Anton Denikin
1323:
1318:
1316:
1312:
1308:
1307:
1302:
1298:
1294:
1288:
1282:
1276:
1267:
1261:
1256:
1251:
1249:
1245:
1240:
1238:
1234:
1225:
1218:
1213:
1209:
1206:
1202:
1198:
1194:
1190:
1187:
1183:
1179:
1178:
1177:
1171:
1169:
1167:
1163:
1159:
1155:
1151:
1150:continuations
1147:
1142:
1140:
1136:
1132:
1127:
1125:
1121:
1117:
1116:Belaya armiya
1113:
1109:
1105:
1101:
1097:
1093:
1090:
1086:
1082:
1078:
1073:
1064:
1058:
1050:
1044:
1033:
1032:émigré groups
1029:
1024:
1019:
1015:
1009:
1005:
1001:
997:
994:
990:
987:
983:
977:
967:
964:
954:
952:
951:Makhnovschyna
942:
939:
938:
927:
925:
915:
913:
903:
901:
891:
889:
879:
876:
865:
863:
862:
857:
856:Ukrainian SSR
847:
845:
834:
832:
822:
814:
810:
804:
794:
792:
782:
780:
770:
768:
758:
756:
755:
744:
742:
738:
734:
732:
722:
720:
708:
697:
695:
685:
683:
673:
671:
670:
665:
655:
653:
643:
641:
630:
628:
617:
615:
604:
602:
590:
579:
577:
566:
564:
553:
551:
546:
541:
539:
528:
525:
524:United States
513:
510:
498:
490:
486:
479:
475:
471:
467:
464:
462:Major actions
460:
451:
446:
442:
438:
435:
432:
430:
426:
423:
419:
413:
408:
404:
401:
399:
395:
389:
386:
384:
381:
379:
376:
374:
371:
369:
368:Caucasus Army
366:
364:
361:
359:
358:Northern Army
356:
354:
351:
349:
346:
344:
341:
339:
336:
334:
331:
329:
326:
321:
314:
310:
305:
302:
300:
297:
296:
295:
291:
288:
287:Russian State
284:
280:
276:
272:
266:
260:
258:
252:
249:
247:
244:
241:
236:
233:
231:
228:
225:
220:
217:
215:
213:
207:
206:Sergey Markov
204:
202:
200:
194:
191:
189:
188:Pyotr Wrangel
186:
184:
183:
178:
175:
170:
154:
149:
148:Anton Denikin
146:
144:
142:
136:
135:Lavr Kornilov
133:
132:
130:
126:
115:
112:
105:
102:
101:
92:
81:
72:
62:
55:
50:
45:
41:
37:
33:
19:
5296:
5199:
5192:
5185:
5178:
5171:
5164:
4957:Slavic Union
4754:Great Russia
4582:Russian soul
4560:Russian Idea
4406:
4360:Crimea, 2014
4340:Crimea, 1783
4325:Central Asia
4290:Expansionism
4123:Baikal Fleet
4108:Russian Army
4076:Zemskaya Rat
4056:Western Army
3796:Russian Army
3777:
3696:Soviet Union
3516:(in Russian)
3508:(in Russian)
3480:
3471:
3454:
3450:
3437:Bibliography
3401:
3395:
3385:
3377:
3372:
3364:
3359:
3347:
3338:
3330:
3323:. Retrieved
3314:
3310:
3301:
3292:
3279:
3273:
3255:
3246:
3234:
3222:
3210:. Retrieved
3205:
3196:
3184:
3175:
3151:
3144:
3136:
3131:
3119:
3110:
3102:
3097:
3089:
3058:
3051:. Retrieved
3039:
3035:
3025:
3017:
3010:. Retrieved
2998:
2994:
2984:
2975:
2968:. Retrieved
2953:
2946:
2935:. Retrieved
2931:
2922:
2903:
2897:
2886:. Retrieved
2877:
2864:
2856:
2850:. Retrieved
2846:the original
2842:belrussia.ru
2841:
2832:
2822:
2812:
2807:
2789:
2764:. Retrieved
2722:
2715:
2653:. Retrieved
2644:
2635:
2601:
2590:. Retrieved
2586:
2577:
2547:
2522:
2497:
2472:
2465:
2457:
2449:
2424:
2312:
2302:
2251:Leonid Punin
2037:Nationalists
2026:
1999:Eurasianists
1981:, e.g., the
1972:
1948:World War II
1921:
1903:White émigré
1848:
1833:Yakut revolt
1829:Ayano-Maysky
1805:
1775:
1739:
1712:
1679:
1624:
1596:gold backing
1592:
1588:
1573:
1561:
1554:
1549:Don Cossacks
1513:
1440:
1409:
1373:
1354:
1343:
1335:
1319:
1304:
1252:
1241:
1230:
1204:
1175:
1154:White émigré
1143:
1128:
1123:
1119:
1115:
1108:World War II
1095:
1080:
1076:
1042:
1040:
1022:
1013:
963:Green armies
937:Finnish Reds
935:
875:Soviet Union
860:
859:
831:Russian SFSR
752:
682:Don cossacks
668:
667:
466:White Terror
456:(unofficial)
417:
256:
211:
198:
181:
168:
140:
36:White Russia
5333:Pan-Slavism
5276:Pobedobesie
5218: [
5113:Before 1991
4749:Free Donbas
4659:Pan-Slavism
4629:Eurasianism
4606: [
4598:Russophobia
4594:Russophilia
4529: [
4526:Of all Rus'
4442: [
4417:Solidarists
4378:Slavophilia
4295:imperialism
4194:Middle Asia
4161: [
4084: [
4008: [
3996: [
3984: [
3912: [
3895: [
3883: [
3849: [
3710:Soviet Army
3609:–1721
3607: 1550
3578: 1700
3572:Landed Army
2621:Yury Osipov
2587:www.etis.ee
2517:Direktóriya
2506:Директо́рия
2319:-sponsored
2309:White Guard
2082:created by
2047:during the
2039:during the
1887:White Sword
1665:—fought in
1258: [
1188:government.
1135:Kerenskyite
888:Latvian SSR
472:(1918–1920)
448: [
410: [
378:Bermontians
273:1917 – 1923
5317:Categories
5120:Ivan Ilyin
4982:After 1991
4952:The Savior
4882:Male State
4794:Right Bloc
4779:Obnovlenie
4644:Neo-Nazism
4622:Ideologies
4397:Mladorossy
4382:westernism
3931:Kuban Army
3679:White Army
3441:See also:
3378:Civil War,
3352:Kenez 1980
3325:9 February
3239:Kenez 1980
3227:Kenez 1980
3212:3 February
3189:Kenez 1980
3124:Kenez 1980
3074:Kenez 1980
2937:2022-11-08
2888:2012-04-16
2852:2010-10-18
2766:2020-04-25
2675:Kenez 1980
2592:2019-01-10
2436:References
2394:Red Terror
2321:Red Guards
2303:After the
2166:Ivan Ilyin
2088:Sevastopol
2001:, and the
1995:Mladorossi
1989:, and the
1849:Headed by
1469:See also:
1457:White Army
1451:White Army
1338:Parliament
1301:Bolshevism
1248:separatism
1112:White Army
1092:Bolsheviks
803:Alash-Orda
754:Landeswehr
320:White Army
293:Allegiance
169:and others
5201:Nash Put'
4308:1500–1800
4066:Ural Army
3426:144274571
3418:1351-8046
3048:0340-6490
3007:0340-6490
2745:cite book
2707:help page
2561:romanized
2536:romanized
2511:romanized
2498:Directory
2486:romanized
2441:Footnotes
1891:Petrograd
1759:Tsaritsyn
1715:Old Style
1673:, and in
1533:Ice March
1446:Structure
1275:romanized
1205:Albus Rex
1186:Bolshevik
1098:, in the
1089:communist
1057:romanized
818:See list:
812:Opponents
767:Right SRs
494:See list:
418:Majority:
343:Ural Army
153:see views
5303:Category
5256:Iazychie
4872:Format18
4814:Russians
4664:Putinism
4575:Krymnash
4532:Wikidata
4511:Holy Rus
4470:Concepts
4350:Caucasus
3863:Don Army
3704:Red Army
3685:Red Army
3601:Streltsy
3319:Archived
3263:Archived
3167:Archived
2970:18 March
2882:Archived
2775:cite web
2693:Archived
2655:30 March
2649:Archived
2609:Archived
2327:See also
2051:and the
2045:Red Army
1944:Shanghai
1940:Istanbul
1924:Belgrade
1682:theatres
1653:and the
1627:Far East
1508:8th Army
1412:warlords
1297:February
1233:Red Army
1219:Ideology
1201:Ivan III
1182:Red Army
1146:remnants
1131:big-tent
1049:pre–1918
976:Left SRs
741:Mongolia
434:Big tent
398:Ideology
373:Don Army
312:Group(s)
5266:Ruscism
5261:Nashism
5166:Fashist
4850:Defunct
4669:Ruscism
4506:Gayrope
4501:Eurasia
4313:Siberia
4282:History
3053:31 July
3012:31 July
2563::
2552:Russian
2538::
2527:Russian
2513::
2502:Russian
2488::
2477:Russian
2456:(2008)
2109:general
1867:Estonia
1812:Siberia
1763:Kharkiv
1708:Kharkiv
1671:Ukraine
1667:Siberia
1659:Germany
1394:on the
1392:Ukraine
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731:Armenia
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640:Romania
470:Pogroms
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1936:Harbin
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1800:, and
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1675:Crimea
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