388:
1920 were resumed but the chairman made no other comment than confirming the wisdom of Dennis
Brothers' purchase of White and Poppe. The extraordinary prosperity of Dennis Brothers' core business was demonstrated the next year when instead of issuing yet more bonus shares to shareholders they repaid £250,000 capital to their shareholders because the company held too much cash (£467,000 at balance date) for its own requirements. The White and Poppe operation was self-financing and managed to keep pace with the expansion at Guildford. A new engine was brought to market during 1926 and proved "an unqualified success . . . with large numbers of satisfied users". During the 1920s the rapid increase in turnover and profits was not due to increased prices but to higher sales volume. However White and Poppe's large factory was not yet at full capacity. Their principal product remained internal combustion engines.
474:
242:
155:
147:
425:) engines were out on test fitted to heavy goods vehicles. The following year group profits fell by 41 per cent though substantial reserves allowed the dividend to be maintained. The chairman announced that in view of the proliferation of new models and their shorter life over which to recover their design development and production costs together with the potential saving in transport costs it had been decided to gradually remove the manufacture of engines from Coventry to Guildford. A new building for the purpose was being completed in Guildford and the change would be complete within twelve months.
380:
269:
234:
304:
324:
2954:
347:, by the end of the war some 4,000 of them, White and Poppe also made fuses. More specifically Fuse 80 bodies and 18pdr shell sockets, rings, caps and base plugs. White and Poppe also managed the Ministry of Munitions No.10 (later 21) National Shell Filling & Fuse factory, part of which was switched at the end of 1916 from fuses to making aeroplane wings. By November 1918 they employed 13,500 people.
216:. White's family provided most of the capital for this new business and initially White looked after the accounts and called himself general manager. Poppe, an engineer, took charge of design and together they produced precision components for the automotive industry. Though Peter Poppe went to Rover in 1923 and a younger son left before the company closed its doors Alfred White and Poppe's eldest son
2964:
414:
364:
lawnmowers as well. By the end of 1923 the possibility of manufacture of London omnibuses had arisen. Poppe designed a new car but it was decided against putting it into production. He remained a director of Dennis
Brothers until he resigned in 1923 though he continued the link as a consultant to Dennis Brothers.
359:
Both Poppe and White were made directors of Dennis
Brothers. In the recession of 1920 Poppe and another director were sent to USA to investigate their most modern manufacturing methods. At the end of 1921 the shareholders were told the Coventry factory had not been adequately employed and there was a
289:
The White and Poppe stand at the 1910 Olympia Motor Show was centred on their new 2.6-litre 16 hp (tax rating) four-cylinder engine. In operation it developed 24 hp when running at its normal speed of 1,150 revolutions per minute though of course the speed could be pushed up higher. Besides
409:
engine had been designed and would shortly go under test. It would not be marketed until its performance equalled a petrol engine and to his knowledge no diesel engine did that at that time. Peter's son Erling Poppe (1898-1970) was now works manager at White and Poppe, Alfred White remained managing
443:
White and Poppe ceased operations on 28 March 1933. Required plant and machinery of a combined weight of more than 2000 tons was moved unpacked from
Coventry to Guildford by road. Each machine was picked up from its old position and deposited in its new position at Guildford under the guidance of
387:
Alfred White remained in charge of the White and Poppe
Coventry operation. By the end of 1924 the stock of war surplus commercial vehicles ceased to be a factor and the group's export sales were at an all-time record. The following year group profits trebled and the Guildford extensions paused in
363:
As late as 1923, governments, British and foreign, continued to hold large war-surplus fleets of motor transport vehicles still dampening demand for Dennis commercial vehicles and demand for White & Poppe engines. The parent company developed a new multi stage turbine pump and turned to motor
396:
During 1929 new 6-cylinder engines were introduced. Experience had suggested operators would prefer the cheaper to buy and to maintain 4-cylinder engines. The new 6-cylinder engines were bending to the current fashion. A very valuable invention was patented which allowed the lifting of cylinder
350:
Discussions resumed after the war and in April 1919 Dennis
Brothers shareholders were asked to consent to the issue of new capital for Dennis Brothers to acquire W & P Later that year White and Poppe became a Dennis Brothers subsidiary but maintained its separate identity. The extent of the
260:
By 1910 the White and Poppe carburettor was used by a large proportion of engine builders for motor boats, motorcars and aero engines. A variable jet provided a constant mixture. The petrol jet orifice and the air supply (throttle opening) were designed to cover the whole range of speeds.
397:
heads, decarbonising and valve grinding without dismantling the overhead camshaft. At the Annual
General Meeting the chairman reported he had been asked to comment on the use of the crude oil engine and the chairman could "only assure him that we are fully alive to the possibilities".
280:
had noted that at the previous
Olympia Motor Show one-third of the manufacturers exhibiting fitted White and Poppe carburettors as standard. In addition 12.25 per cent of the British cars shown were fitted with White and Poppe engines.
256:
Prior to World War I they served the booming motor industry with their engines in such high demand that at the 1906 British
International Motor Exhibition 15 different firms displayed automobiles with White and Poppe engines.
173:(1870-1933). Many early motor vehicle manufacturers bought in their major components so the company supplied up to 15 customers and employed around 350 people by 1914. Market changes reduced the customer-base but
452:
Dennis
Brothers voluntarily liquidated White and Poppe, i.e. turned their assets into cash, on 28 March 1933. In the absence of any buyer they took ownership of the premises and eventually sold the Holbrook Lane
1161:
3008:
1154:
444:
Erling Poppe at Guildford. This unpacked move of plant was reported as widely as possible because Dennis Brothers wanted it to be "a testimonial to the efficiency of road transport".
3018:
2993:
2957:
1147:
290:
this engine there were ten other types of White and Poppe engine ranging from 4 hp (tax rating) single cylinder to a 130 hp (tax rating) six-cylinder engine.
2967:
1503:
1781:
3003:
2668:
2913:
296:
noted that the carburettors had performed so very well in the last competition season there were only one or two minor modifications over the past 12 months.
2988:
184:
Dennis Brothers manufactured engines in their Surrey works and sourced diesel engines elsewhere. Thus the Coventry operation was disposed of by mid 1933.
2918:
1695:
1170:
372:
being obsolete, bought Peter Poppe and his completed car design making him their chief engineer and putting his car design into production as their
3013:
2787:
2772:
2419:
1181:
1260:
2998:
2130:
1045:
1710:
473:
335:
who became their largest customer. By the outbreak of war some kind of fusion of interests was being considered by the two boards.
241:
1602:
405:
A year later the chairman reported domestic sales remained constant but export sales had fallen considerably. A new six-cylinder
2894:
1917:
1760:
1321:
1275:
154:
2673:
1588:
1583:
680:
146:
2454:
1995:
1391:
1186:
2782:
1700:
1311:
457:
Coventry premises and plant and machinery not required in Guildford in May 1933. Much of the factory was taken over by
268:
2718:
2495:
2185:
1620:
1553:
1341:
253:
was designer and chief engineer. He and White and Poppe Limited jointly held many patents for inventions made by him.
2464:
1922:
1381:
616:
599:
332:
174:
2931:
2316:
2170:
1966:
1872:
1473:
2777:
2767:
2713:
2565:
2414:
2274:
2235:
1912:
1887:
1735:
1610:
1401:
331:
W & P made high speed petrol engines for many motor manufacturers but most of their large engines were for
2853:
2394:
2035:
2020:
1568:
1538:
1346:
379:
233:
2900:
2311:
2175:
2160:
1882:
1853:
1645:
1483:
1428:
1416:
537:
312:
27:
2762:
2723:
2627:
2326:
1939:
1848:
1655:
1528:
1488:
303:
578:
As well as a limited number of motorcycles under their own name, White and Poppe supplied engines to:
429:
2610:
2590:
2145:
2125:
2109:
2042:
1990:
1944:
1533:
483:
2924:
2881:
2860:
2683:
2525:
2510:
2331:
2094:
1799:
1750:
1635:
1508:
1498:
1468:
1396:
1386:
587:
560:
555:
527:
462:
437:
209:
383:
Low Load Dennis fitted with the 60/70HP White and Poppe 'T' head 4 cylinder side valve engine 1930
2811:
2617:
2580:
2240:
2135:
2084:
2010:
1961:
1867:
1720:
250:
193:
170:
1578:
192:
This business was established in 1899 by Coventry-born Alfred James White (1870-) and Norwegian
2907:
2825:
2804:
2575:
2444:
2190:
1897:
1665:
1660:
1630:
1280:
1240:
1041:
676:
488:
344:
201:
177:, always an important customer, took much of their output and purchased the company in 1919.
220:
remained with the business until they had completed the transfer of operations to Guildford.
2867:
2839:
2663:
2530:
2474:
2260:
2205:
2089:
2000:
1816:
1625:
1543:
1336:
1228:
1139:
611:
493:
197:
181:
165:
Limited was a proprietary engine building and gearbox manufacturing business established in
1122:
323:
2424:
2399:
2336:
2210:
2195:
2180:
2069:
2030:
1725:
1573:
1563:
1523:
1411:
1376:
1371:
1326:
582:
440:. Dennis would have sole rights for the fitting of these products to passenger vehicles.
2874:
2846:
2738:
2653:
2321:
2279:
2250:
2155:
2099:
1927:
1858:
1765:
1615:
1548:
1463:
1290:
1265:
545:
498:
135:
2982:
2708:
2520:
2500:
2387:
2301:
2269:
2225:
2150:
2104:
2059:
1973:
1932:
1877:
1838:
1826:
1745:
1650:
1513:
1438:
1433:
1361:
1356:
1351:
1316:
532:
365:
213:
205:
351:
fuse-making business was such that there were severe difficulties in winding it up.
2832:
2637:
2632:
2585:
2515:
2490:
2377:
2289:
2165:
1892:
1843:
1804:
1478:
1406:
1255:
1250:
550:
217:
428:
A few months later it was announced that Dennis would fit diesel engines made by
2728:
2693:
2540:
2535:
2439:
2404:
2306:
2294:
2284:
2230:
2215:
2140:
2015:
1902:
1675:
1558:
1458:
1453:
458:
781:
A Great munitions centre: Coventry's armaments and munitions industry 1914-1918
2938:
2888:
2678:
2429:
2409:
2372:
2245:
2200:
2079:
2047:
1954:
1907:
1755:
1740:
1423:
1331:
1270:
512:
701:
The Growth and Significance of the Coventry Car Component Industry, 1895-1914
2818:
2703:
2658:
2622:
2605:
2005:
1983:
1730:
1685:
1448:
1295:
454:
204:. White was the son of a retired watchmaker, supplier of chronometers to
2698:
2688:
2570:
2449:
2367:
2255:
2074:
1978:
1715:
1640:
1518:
636:
477:
1914 Guy Motors —W&P 4-cylinder side valve engine, clutch and gearbox
373:
369:
166:
2600:
2459:
2220:
2064:
2054:
1821:
1809:
1705:
1690:
1670:
1443:
1233:
413:
2733:
2595:
2505:
2434:
1366:
1285:
1199:
433:
229:"High speed" petrol engines, carburettors, gearboxes, clutches . . .
343:
During the war, in addition to the engines for Dennis Brothers and
2469:
1949:
1770:
1680:
1493:
1245:
412:
378:
322:
302:
267:
240:
232:
153:
145:
640:
315:
used a White and Poppe engine, carburettor, clutch and gearbox.
1143:
2382:
2025:
1833:
651:
a device in a bomb that controls the timing of the explosion
200:
where Poppe was on secondment from his job in Norway with
180:
White and Poppe remained a distinct entity but during the
635:
J and E Hall of Dartford Automobile Engineering Works,
360:
search for new type of work away from motor transport.
53:
taken over by biggest customer in 1919, liquidated 1933
785:
Unpublished MScR Thesis. Coventry: Coventry University
169:
in 1899 by Alfred James White (1870-) and Norwegian
37:
petrol engines and other major automotive components
3009:
Vehicle manufacturing companies established in 1899
2796:
2751:
2646:
2558:
2483:
2360:
2349:
2118:
1792:
1779:
1601:
1304:
1221:
1208:
1195:
134:
124:
107:
82:
72:
57:
49:
41:
33:
23:
432:Commercial Vehicles of Newcastle upon Tyne, Swiss
997:. No. 46303. 29 November 1932. p. 20.
892:. No. 44132. 30 November 1925. p. 20.
862:. No. 43822. 29 November 1924. p. 19.
847:. No. 43511. 29 November 1923. p. 18.
832:. No. 42891. 30 November 1921. p. 17.
802:. No. 42266. 25 November 1919. p. 24.
2669:British Vehicle Rental and Leasing Association
1027:. No. 46616. 1 December 1933. p. 23.
982:. No. 45994. 1 December 1931. p. 21.
967:. No. 45685. 2 December 1930. p. 23.
952:. No. 45376. 3 December 1929. p. 21.
937:. No. 44753. 1 December 1927. p. 24.
922:. No. 44443. 1 December 1926. p. 23.
907:. No. 44414. 28 October 1926. p. 18.
877:. No. 43824. 2 December 1924. p. 22.
817:. No. 42582. 1 December 1920. p. 21.
718:. No. 39425. 9 November 1910. p. 17.
2914:Royal Society for the Prevention of Accidents
1155:
1125:. Grace's Guide to British Industrial History
469:Some automobiles with White and Poppe engines
8:
768:. No. 42080. 22 April 1919. p. 18.
694:
692:
421:By the end of 1931 "a number" of crude oil (
18:
1102:
1100:
1098:
1096:
1094:
1092:
1090:
1088:
1012:. No. 46394. 16 March 1933. p. 8.
3019:Engine manufacturers of the United Kingdom
2994:Automotive companies of the United Kingdom
2919:Society of Motor Manufacturers and Traders
2357:
1789:
1218:
1205:
1162:
1148:
1140:
1086:
1084:
1082:
1080:
1078:
1076:
1074:
1072:
1070:
1068:
1061:. No. 46449. 20 May 1933. p. 22.
793:
791:
208:and director of White and Poppe customers
17:
1696:Mercedes AMG High Performance Powertrains
1171:Automotive industry in the United Kingdom
1111:. UK: David & Charles, Newton Abbott.
759:
757:
755:
45:Alfred James White and Peter August Poppe
1040:, Stock Exchange Press, Macmillan, 1990
472:
196:(1870-1933). They had met in Austria at
663:
628:
2788:Vehicle & Operator Services Agency
1107:Jarman, L P; Barraclough, R I (1976).
1057:"Fuller, Horsey, Sons & Cassell".
339:Fuses, filling shells, aeroplane wings
3004:British companies established in 1899
2773:Driver & Vehicle Licensing Agency
7:
2963:
1182:Manufacturing in the United Kingdom
2989:Motor vehicle engine manufacturers
14:
1008:"Passenger Vehicle Development".
2962:
2953:
2952:
1109:The Bullnose and Flatnose Morris
461:which later changed its name to
2895:Institute of Advanced Motorists
1322:Alternative Chassis Engineering
1276:London Electric Vehicle Company
748:. 22 October 1910. p. 551.
436:products made under licence by
245:1916 engine for Dennis Brothers
3014:1899 establishments in England
2674:Constellation Automotive Group
114:family of A J White until 1919
1:
2455:Transport Research Laboratory
1187:Economy of the United Kingdom
1038:Register of Defunct Companies
798:"Dennis Brothers (Limited)".
675:. Stroud: The History Press.
2783:Vehicle Certification Agency
978:"Dennis Brothers, Limited".
963:"Dennis Brothers, Limited".
948:"Dennis Brothers, Limited".
828:"Dennis Brothers, Limited".
813:"Dennis Brothers, Limited".
673:Coventry's Motorcar Heritage
392:Patented pivoted rocker gear
117:then Dennis Brothers Limited
2719:National Tyres and Autocare
2496:Caparo Vehicle Technologies
1023:"Dennis Brothers Limited".
993:"Dennis Brothers Limited".
744:"White and Poppe Engines".
285:"High speed" petrol engines
3035:
1933:Whitley Engineering Centre
714:"The Olympia Motor Show".
671:Kimberley, Damien (2012).
617:Dennis Specialist Vehicles
594:Commercial vehicle engines
307:1913 Morris Oxford de luxe
2948:
1967:McLaren Technology Centre
1177:
319:Dennis Brothers customers
202:Kongsberg weapons factory
2999:Coventry motor companies
2854:Classic & Sports Car
2778:Driving Standards Agency
2768:Department for Transport
2714:Millbrook Proving Ground
1888:Electric Car Corporation
1736:Roger Dowson Engineering
1611:Advanced Engine Research
918:"Dennis Brothers, Ltd".
779:Batchelor, L.A. (2008).
272:the new 2.6-litre engine
158:1929 near side (exhaust)
2395:Grayson Thermal Systems
1347:British United Traction
333:Dennis Brothers Limited
140:Dennis Brothers Limited
19:White and Poppe Limited
478:
418:
417:Saurer Alpine car 1930
384:
355:Dennis Brothers owners
328:
308:
273:
246:
238:
159:
151:
100:Herbert Raymond Dennis
2763:Automotive Council UK
2724:Pinewood Technologies
1913:Castle Bromwich plant
1656:Ford World Rally Team
1534:Shelvoke & Drewry
1489:Metro Cammell Weymann
476:
416:
382:
326:
306:
271:
244:
236:
157:
150:1928 off side (inlet)
149:
2932:Top Gear (TV series)
2861:Coach & Bus Week
2611:Jack Barclay Bentley
2925:Top Gear (magazine)
2684:Halfords Autocentre
2526:Laycock Engineering
1751:Triple Eight Racing
1651:Engine Developments
1579:Wales & Edwards
1499:Morrison-Electricar
1469:London Taxi Company
1271:Multidrive Vehicles
933:"Dennis Brothers".
888:"Dennis Brothers".
858:"Dennis Brothers".
843:"Dennis Brothers".
764:"Company Meeting".
588:Premier Motorcycles
463:Jaguar Cars Limited
438:Armstrong Whitworth
126:Number of employees
20:
2581:Group 1 Automotive
2241:Marcos Engineering
2136:Armstrong Siddeley
2085:Marc Nordon Racing
1868:Brabham Automotive
574:Motorcycle engines
479:
419:
385:
329:
327:1916 Dennis N-type
309:
274:
251:Peter August Poppe
247:
239:
194:Peter August Poppe
171:Peter August Poppe
160:
152:
130:13,500 (1918)
97:John Cawsey Dennis
94:Peter August Poppe
91:Alfred James White
2976:
2975:
2755:regulatory bodies
2747:
2746:
2576:Ford Retail Group
2554:
2553:
2445:Tata Steel Europe
2410:Lotus Engineering
2345:
2344:
1898:Jaguar Land Rover
1666:Gibson Technology
1597:
1596:
1504:Northern Counties
1281:Mellor Coachcraft
1123:"White and Poppe"
583:Ariel motorcycles
366:The Rover Company
301:
300:
249:White's partner,
198:a weapons factory
144:
143:
3026:
2966:
2965:
2956:
2955:
2868:Commercial Motor
2664:Auto Windscreens
2623:Robins & Day
2531:Lucas Industries
2475:Zytek Automotive
2358:
2275:Peel Engineering
2261:Longbridge plant
1817:Volkswagen Group
1790:
1626:Arena Motorsport
1584:Walter Alexander
1229:Alexander Dennis
1219:
1206:
1164:
1157:
1150:
1141:
1135:
1134:
1132:
1130:
1119:
1113:
1112:
1104:
1063:
1062:
1054:
1048:
1035:
1029:
1028:
1020:
1014:
1013:
1005:
999:
998:
990:
984:
983:
975:
969:
968:
960:
954:
953:
945:
939:
938:
930:
924:
923:
915:
909:
908:
900:
894:
893:
885:
879:
878:
870:
864:
863:
855:
849:
848:
840:
834:
833:
825:
819:
818:
810:
804:
803:
795:
786:
784:
776:
770:
769:
761:
750:
749:
741:
735:
734:
733:. 6 August 1910.
726:
720:
719:
711:
705:
704:
696:
687:
686:
668:
652:
649:
643:
633:
612:Alexander Dennis
430:Armstrong-Saurer
264:
263:
237:carburetter 1910
182:Great Depression
21:
3034:
3033:
3029:
3028:
3027:
3025:
3024:
3023:
2979:
2978:
2977:
2972:
2944:
2792:
2756:
2754:
2743:
2642:
2550:
2546:White and Poppe
2479:
2425:Perkins Engines
2400:Johnson Matthey
2354:
2352:
2341:
2181:British Leyland
2114:
1786:
1783:
1775:
1726:Red Bull Racing
1593:
1574:Wadham Stringer
1564:Tilling-Stevens
1524:Seddon Atkinson
1392:East Lancashire
1327:Aveling-Barford
1300:
1215:
1213:
1211:
1202:
1198:
1191:
1173:
1168:
1138:
1128:
1126:
1121:
1120:
1116:
1106:
1105:
1066:
1056:
1055:
1051:
1036:
1032:
1022:
1021:
1017:
1007:
1006:
1002:
992:
991:
987:
977:
976:
972:
962:
961:
957:
947:
946:
942:
932:
931:
927:
917:
916:
912:
902:
901:
897:
887:
886:
882:
872:
871:
867:
857:
856:
852:
842:
841:
837:
827:
826:
822:
812:
811:
807:
797:
796:
789:
778:
777:
773:
763:
762:
753:
743:
742:
738:
728:
727:
723:
713:
712:
708:
698:
697:
690:
683:
670:
669:
665:
661:
656:
655:
650:
646:
634:
630:
625:
608:
596:
576:
571:
523:
471:
450:
403:
394:
357:
341:
321:
276:In August 1910
231:
226:
190:
175:Dennis Brothers
163:White and Poppe
127:
120:
103:
85:
75:
68:
64:
61:Holbrook Lane,
12:
11:
5:
3032:
3030:
3022:
3021:
3016:
3011:
3006:
3001:
2996:
2991:
2981:
2980:
2974:
2973:
2971:
2970:
2960:
2949:
2946:
2945:
2943:
2942:
2935:
2928:
2921:
2916:
2911:
2904:
2897:
2892:
2885:
2878:
2871:
2864:
2857:
2850:
2843:
2836:
2829:
2822:
2815:
2808:
2800:
2798:
2797:Related topics
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2785:
2780:
2775:
2770:
2765:
2759:
2757:
2753:Government and
2752:
2749:
2748:
2745:
2744:
2742:
2741:
2739:We Buy Any Car
2736:
2731:
2726:
2721:
2716:
2711:
2706:
2701:
2696:
2691:
2686:
2681:
2676:
2671:
2666:
2661:
2656:
2654:ATS Euromaster
2650:
2648:
2647:Other services
2644:
2643:
2641:
2640:
2635:
2630:
2625:
2620:
2615:
2614:
2613:
2603:
2598:
2593:
2588:
2583:
2578:
2573:
2568:
2562:
2560:
2556:
2555:
2552:
2551:
2549:
2548:
2543:
2538:
2533:
2528:
2523:
2518:
2513:
2508:
2503:
2498:
2493:
2487:
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2480:
2478:
2477:
2472:
2467:
2462:
2457:
2452:
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2437:
2432:
2427:
2422:
2417:
2412:
2407:
2402:
2397:
2392:
2391:
2390:
2380:
2375:
2370:
2364:
2362:
2355:
2350:
2347:
2346:
2343:
2342:
2340:
2339:
2334:
2329:
2324:
2322:Sunbeam-Talbot
2319:
2314:
2309:
2304:
2299:
2298:
2297:
2287:
2282:
2277:
2272:
2267:
2266:
2265:
2264:
2263:
2248:
2243:
2238:
2233:
2228:
2223:
2218:
2213:
2208:
2203:
2198:
2193:
2191:Clément-Talbot
2188:
2183:
2178:
2173:
2168:
2163:
2158:
2153:
2148:
2143:
2138:
2133:
2128:
2122:
2120:
2116:
2115:
2113:
2112:
2107:
2102:
2097:
2092:
2087:
2082:
2077:
2072:
2067:
2062:
2057:
2051:
2050:
2045:
2040:
2039:
2038:
2036:Ellesmere Port
2028:
2023:
2018:
2013:
2008:
2003:
1998:
1993:
1988:
1987:
1986:
1981:
1971:
1970:
1969:
1959:
1958:
1957:
1947:
1942:
1937:
1936:
1935:
1930:
1928:Solihull plant
1925:
1923:Halewood plant
1920:
1915:
1910:
1905:
1895:
1890:
1885:
1880:
1875:
1870:
1865:
1864:
1863:
1862:
1861:
1859:Goodwood plant
1851:
1846:
1841:
1831:
1830:
1829:
1824:
1814:
1813:
1812:
1802:
1796:
1794:
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1728:
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1718:
1713:
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1703:
1698:
1693:
1688:
1683:
1678:
1673:
1668:
1663:
1658:
1653:
1648:
1643:
1638:
1633:
1628:
1623:
1621:AMR GP Limited
1618:
1616:Alpine F1 Team
1613:
1607:
1605:
1599:
1598:
1595:
1594:
1592:
1591:
1586:
1581:
1576:
1571:
1566:
1561:
1556:
1551:
1549:Straker-Squire
1546:
1541:
1536:
1531:
1526:
1521:
1516:
1511:
1506:
1501:
1496:
1491:
1486:
1481:
1476:
1474:Longwell Green
1471:
1466:
1464:Leyland Motors
1461:
1456:
1451:
1446:
1441:
1436:
1431:
1426:
1421:
1420:
1419:
1409:
1404:
1399:
1394:
1389:
1384:
1379:
1374:
1369:
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1359:
1354:
1349:
1344:
1339:
1334:
1329:
1324:
1319:
1314:
1308:
1306:
1302:
1301:
1299:
1298:
1293:
1291:REE Automotive
1288:
1283:
1278:
1273:
1268:
1266:Leyland Trucks
1263:
1258:
1253:
1248:
1243:
1238:
1237:
1236:
1225:
1223:
1216:
1209:
1203:
1196:
1193:
1192:
1190:
1189:
1184:
1178:
1175:
1174:
1169:
1167:
1166:
1159:
1152:
1144:
1137:
1136:
1114:
1064:
1049:
1030:
1015:
1000:
985:
970:
955:
940:
925:
910:
903:"City Notes".
895:
880:
873:"City Notes".
865:
850:
835:
820:
805:
787:
771:
751:
736:
721:
706:
699:Beaven, Brad.
688:
681:
662:
660:
657:
654:
653:
644:
627:
626:
624:
621:
620:
619:
614:
607:
604:
603:
602:
595:
592:
591:
590:
585:
575:
572:
570:
569:
566:
563:
558:
553:
548:
546:Siddeley-Deasy
543:
540:
535:
530:
524:
522:
521:
518:
515:
510:
507:
504:
501:
496:
491:
486:
480:
470:
467:
449:
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402:
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393:
390:
356:
353:
340:
337:
320:
317:
299:
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287:
286:
230:
227:
225:
222:
189:
186:
142:
141:
138:
132:
131:
128:
125:
122:
121:
119:
118:
115:
111:
109:
105:
104:
102:
101:
98:
95:
92:
88:
86:
83:
80:
79:
78:United Kingdom
76:
73:
70:
69:
67:United Kingdom
66:
62:
59:
55:
54:
51:
47:
46:
43:
39:
38:
35:
31:
30:
25:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3031:
3020:
3017:
3015:
3012:
3010:
3007:
3005:
3002:
3000:
2997:
2995:
2992:
2990:
2987:
2986:
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2969:
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2951:
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2922:
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2898:
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2879:
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2872:
2870:
2869:
2865:
2863:
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2855:
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2837:
2835:
2834:
2830:
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2816:
2814:
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2809:
2807:
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2801:
2799:
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2786:
2784:
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2779:
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2774:
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2769:
2766:
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2760:
2758:
2750:
2740:
2737:
2735:
2732:
2730:
2727:
2725:
2722:
2720:
2717:
2715:
2712:
2710:
2709:Lex Autolease
2707:
2705:
2702:
2700:
2697:
2695:
2692:
2690:
2687:
2685:
2682:
2680:
2677:
2675:
2672:
2670:
2667:
2665:
2662:
2660:
2657:
2655:
2652:
2651:
2649:
2645:
2639:
2636:
2634:
2631:
2629:
2626:
2624:
2621:
2619:
2616:
2612:
2609:
2608:
2607:
2604:
2602:
2599:
2597:
2594:
2592:
2589:
2587:
2584:
2582:
2579:
2577:
2574:
2572:
2569:
2567:
2564:
2563:
2561:
2557:
2547:
2544:
2542:
2539:
2537:
2534:
2532:
2529:
2527:
2524:
2522:
2521:Henry Meadows
2519:
2517:
2514:
2512:
2509:
2507:
2504:
2502:
2501:Dunlop Rubber
2499:
2497:
2494:
2492:
2489:
2488:
2486:
2482:
2476:
2473:
2471:
2468:
2466:
2463:
2461:
2458:
2456:
2453:
2451:
2448:
2446:
2443:
2441:
2438:
2436:
2433:
2431:
2428:
2426:
2423:
2421:
2418:
2416:
2413:
2411:
2408:
2406:
2403:
2401:
2398:
2396:
2393:
2389:
2388:GKN Driveline
2386:
2385:
2384:
2381:
2379:
2376:
2374:
2371:
2369:
2366:
2365:
2363:
2359:
2356:
2353:consultancies
2351:Suppliers and
2348:
2338:
2335:
2333:
2330:
2328:
2325:
2323:
2320:
2318:
2315:
2313:
2310:
2308:
2305:
2303:
2302:Rover Company
2300:
2296:
2293:
2292:
2291:
2288:
2286:
2283:
2281:
2278:
2276:
2273:
2271:
2268:
2262:
2259:
2258:
2257:
2254:
2253:
2252:
2249:
2247:
2244:
2242:
2239:
2237:
2234:
2232:
2229:
2227:
2224:
2222:
2219:
2217:
2214:
2212:
2209:
2207:
2204:
2202:
2199:
2197:
2194:
2192:
2189:
2187:
2184:
2182:
2179:
2177:
2174:
2172:
2169:
2167:
2164:
2162:
2159:
2157:
2154:
2152:
2151:Austin-Healey
2149:
2147:
2144:
2142:
2139:
2137:
2134:
2132:
2129:
2127:
2124:
2123:
2121:
2117:
2111:
2108:
2106:
2105:Ultima Sports
2103:
2101:
2098:
2096:
2093:
2091:
2088:
2086:
2083:
2081:
2078:
2076:
2073:
2071:
2068:
2066:
2063:
2061:
2058:
2056:
2053:
2052:
2049:
2046:
2044:
2041:
2037:
2034:
2033:
2032:
2029:
2027:
2024:
2022:
2019:
2017:
2014:
2012:
2009:
2007:
2004:
2002:
1999:
1997:
1994:
1992:
1989:
1985:
1982:
1980:
1977:
1976:
1975:
1974:SAIC Motor UK
1972:
1968:
1965:
1964:
1963:
1960:
1956:
1953:
1952:
1951:
1948:
1946:
1943:
1941:
1938:
1934:
1931:
1929:
1926:
1924:
1921:
1919:
1918:Gaydon Centre
1916:
1914:
1911:
1909:
1906:
1904:
1901:
1900:
1899:
1896:
1894:
1891:
1889:
1886:
1884:
1881:
1879:
1876:
1874:
1871:
1869:
1866:
1860:
1857:
1856:
1855:
1852:
1850:
1849:Swindon plant
1847:
1845:
1842:
1840:
1837:
1836:
1835:
1832:
1828:
1825:
1823:
1820:
1819:
1818:
1815:
1811:
1808:
1807:
1806:
1803:
1801:
1798:
1797:
1795:
1791:
1788:
1785:
1782:Passenger car
1778:
1772:
1769:
1767:
1764:
1762:
1759:
1757:
1754:
1752:
1749:
1747:
1746:Team Dynamics
1744:
1742:
1739:
1737:
1734:
1732:
1729:
1727:
1724:
1722:
1719:
1717:
1714:
1712:
1709:
1707:
1704:
1702:
1699:
1697:
1694:
1692:
1689:
1687:
1684:
1682:
1679:
1677:
1674:
1672:
1669:
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1662:
1659:
1657:
1654:
1652:
1649:
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1644:
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1639:
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1634:
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1612:
1609:
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1600:
1590:
1587:
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1565:
1562:
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1545:
1542:
1540:
1537:
1535:
1532:
1530:
1527:
1525:
1522:
1520:
1517:
1515:
1514:Reeve Burgess
1512:
1510:
1507:
1505:
1502:
1500:
1497:
1495:
1492:
1490:
1487:
1485:
1482:
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1472:
1470:
1467:
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1462:
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1388:
1385:
1383:
1380:
1378:
1375:
1373:
1370:
1368:
1365:
1363:
1362:Clough, Smith
1360:
1358:
1357:Charles H Roe
1355:
1353:
1352:Carlyle Works
1350:
1348:
1345:
1343:
1340:
1338:
1335:
1333:
1330:
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1232:
1231:
1230:
1227:
1226:
1224:
1220:
1217:
1207:
1204:
1201:
1197:Companies and
1194:
1188:
1185:
1183:
1180:
1179:
1176:
1172:
1165:
1160:
1158:
1153:
1151:
1146:
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1124:
1118:
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1103:
1101:
1099:
1097:
1095:
1093:
1091:
1089:
1087:
1085:
1083:
1081:
1079:
1077:
1075:
1073:
1071:
1069:
1065:
1060:
1053:
1050:
1047:
1046:9781349112739
1043:
1039:
1034:
1031:
1026:
1019:
1016:
1011:
1004:
1001:
996:
989:
986:
981:
974:
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966:
959:
956:
951:
944:
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911:
906:
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861:
854:
851:
846:
839:
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831:
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809:
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801:
794:
792:
788:
782:
775:
772:
767:
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758:
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747:
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732:
725:
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717:
710:
707:
702:
695:
693:
689:
684:
678:
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664:
658:
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645:
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638:
632:
629:
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589:
586:
584:
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580:
579:
573:
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562:
559:
557:
554:
552:
549:
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544:
541:
539:
536:
534:
531:
529:
526:
525:
519:
516:
514:
511:
508:
505:
502:
500:
497:
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490:
487:
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482:
481:
475:
468:
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460:
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447:
445:
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431:
426:
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415:
411:
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389:
381:
377:
375:
371:
367:
361:
354:
352:
348:
346:
338:
336:
334:
325:
318:
316:
314:
313:Morris Oxford
305:
297:
295:
291:
284:
283:
282:
279:
270:
266:
265:
262:
258:
254:
252:
243:
235:
228:
223:
221:
219:
215:
211:
207:
206:The Admiralty
203:
199:
195:
187:
185:
183:
178:
176:
172:
168:
164:
156:
148:
139:
137:
133:
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99:
96:
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90:
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81:
77:
71:
60:
56:
52:
48:
44:
40:
36:
32:
29:
26:
22:
16:
2937:
2930:
2923:
2906:
2899:
2887:
2880:
2873:
2866:
2859:
2852:
2845:
2838:
2833:Auto Express
2831:
2824:
2817:
2810:
2803:
2566:Arnold Clark
2545:
2516:Hardy Spicer
2491:Abbey Panels
2378:Dunlop Tyres
1844:Oxford plant
1805:Aston Martin
1701:Mercedes AMG
1636:Chevron Cars
1256:IBC Vehicles
1251:Dennis Eagle
1127:. Retrieved
1117:
1108:
1058:
1052:
1037:
1033:
1024:
1018:
1009:
1003:
994:
988:
979:
973:
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928:
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844:
838:
829:
823:
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799:
780:
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745:
739:
730:
729:"page 193".
724:
715:
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672:
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647:
631:
577:
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427:
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404:
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349:
342:
330:
310:
293:
292:
288:
277:
275:
259:
255:
248:
191:
179:
162:
161:
58:Headquarters
24:Company type
15:
2901:Motor Sport
2826:Auto Trader
2805:AM Magazine
2694:HiQ (tyres)
2559:Dealerships
2536:LucasVarity
2405:Kahn Design
2307:Rover Group
2295:Ryton plant
2216:Frazer Nash
1984:Eco Concept
1883:David Brown
1854:Rolls-Royce
1827:Crewe plant
1676:Kahn Design
1589:Willowbrook
1559:Thornycroft
1459:Leyland DAF
1454:Leyland Bus
1417:Southampton
1129:18 February
746:The Autocar
731:The Autocar
459:SS Cars Ltd
448:Liquidation
374:Rover 14/45
294:The Autocar
188:Proprietors
74:Area served
2983:Categories
2889:Fifth Gear
2679:Green Flag
2430:Pilkington
2373:Cummins UK
2236:Lanchester
2201:Eagle Cars
2080:JBA Motors
1908:Land Rover
1756:Van Diemen
1741:Sumo Power
1646:Driftworks
1603:Motorsport
1509:Park Royal
1210:Commercial
682:0752490419
659:References
513:Guy Motors
410:director.
401:Depression
311:The first
84:Key people
2939:What Car?
2819:Autosport
2704:LeasePlan
2659:Autoglass
2628:Stoneacre
2606:H.R. Owen
2415:Millbrook
2110:Westfield
2043:Westfield
2021:Toyota UK
2006:Overfinch
1996:Nissan UK
1940:Lightning
1784:producers
1731:RML Group
1686:Lola Cars
1296:Wrightbus
1214:producers
1059:The Times
1025:The Times
1010:The Times
995:The Times
980:The Times
965:The Times
950:The Times
935:The Times
920:The Times
905:The Times
890:The Times
875:The Times
860:The Times
845:The Times
830:The Times
815:The Times
800:The Times
766:The Times
716:The Times
499:Calthorpe
455:Foleshill
2958:Category
2882:Fast Car
2699:Kwik Fit
2689:Halfords
2586:Inchcape
2571:Carcraft
2450:Tickford
2368:Cosworth
2337:Wolseley
2312:Standard
2251:MG Rover
2060:Caterham
2055:Kit cars
2031:Vauxhall
1878:Caterham
1761:Williams
1716:Prodrive
1711:Munchi's
1641:Cosworth
1539:Smith EV
1529:Sentinel
1519:Scammell
1484:Maudslay
1479:Marshall
1434:Hallford
1372:Crossley
637:Dartford
606:See also
542:Rothwell
538:Quadrant
368:, their
345:Hallford
167:Coventry
63:Coventry
34:Industry
2968:Commons
2812:Autocar
2601:Lookers
2591:Jardine
2541:Tomkins
2511:Gardner
2460:Unipart
2440:Ricardo
2361:Current
2327:Triumph
2317:Sunbeam
2280:Reliant
2246:Melling
2221:Gilbern
2196:Daimler
2166:Bristol
2156:Belsize
2095:Quantum
2065:Davrian
2011:Radical
1962:McLaren
1893:Ginetta
1822:Bentley
1810:Lagonda
1793:Current
1721:Radical
1706:M-Sport
1691:McLaren
1671:Hewland
1554:Sunbeam
1544:Stevens
1444:Karrier
1397:Eastern
1377:Daimler
1342:Bristol
1337:Bedford
1241:Arrival
1234:Plaxton
1222:Current
1212:vehicle
1200:marques
568:Withers
520:Horbick
494:Calcott
484:Academy
278:Autocar
224:History
42:Founder
28:Private
2908:Octane
2734:The AA
2633:Sytner
2618:Perrys
2596:JCT600
2506:Ferodo
2484:Former
2435:Quaife
2332:Trojan
2290:Rootes
2270:Morris
2231:Jowett
2226:Jensen
2186:Caparo
2146:Austin
2141:Ascari
2126:Allard
2119:Former
2016:Spyker
1991:Morgan
1945:Lister
1903:Jaguar
1873:Briggs
1661:Fortec
1631:Carlin
1569:Vulcan
1439:Jensen
1382:Dennis
1367:Commer
1317:Albion
1305:Former
1286:Optare
1044:
679:
600:Dennis
561:Thrige
551:Singer
533:Morris
528:Horley
503:Climax
434:Saurer
423:Diesel
407:Diesel
218:Erling
214:Singer
136:Parent
2840:Buses
2638:Vertu
2470:Wipac
2285:Riley
2206:Fenix
2131:Alvis
2100:Sylva
2048:Zenos
2001:Noble
1955:Lotus
1950:Geely
1800:Ariel
1771:Xtrac
1766:Wirth
1681:Ilmor
1494:Modec
1429:Honda
1407:Foden
1387:Duple
1246:BEDEO
623:Notes
556:Swift
517:Heron
509:Globe
506:Clyde
370:Clegg
210:Swift
108:Owner
2420:MIRA
2211:Ford
2161:Bond
2090:Onyx
1839:Mini
1412:Ford
1131:2017
1042:ISBN
677:ISBN
641:Kent
565:West
489:Arno
212:and
50:Fate
2875:Evo
2847:Car
2729:RAC
2465:WMG
2383:GKN
2176:BMH
2171:BMC
2075:GTM
2070:GKD
2026:TVR
1834:BMW
1449:LDV
1424:Guy
1402:ERF
1332:AWD
1312:AEC
1261:JCB
2985::
2256:MG
1979:MG
1067:^
790:^
754:^
691:^
639:,
465:.
376:.
65:,
1163:e
1156:t
1149:v
1133:.
783:.
703:.
685:.
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