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cloth, and envelope the body in buttered paper. The head and claws, which project at the two ends, must be basted with water during the cooking, to preserve them, and especially the tuft. Before taking it off the spit, brown the bird by removing the paper. Garnish with lemon and flowers. If to come on the table cold, place the bird in a wooden trencher, in the middle of which is fixed a wooden skewer, which should penetrate the body of the bird, to keep it upright. Arrange the claws and feathers in a natural manner, and the tail like a fan, supported with wire. No ordinary cook can place a peacock on the table properly. This ceremony was reserved, in the times of chivalry, for the lady most distinguished for her beauty. She carried it, amidst inspiring music, and placed it, at the commencement of the banquet, before the master of the house. At a nuptial feast, the peacock was served by the maid of honour, and placed before the bride for her to consume.
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multiple signals enhances the reliability of that mate. This idea also suggests that the success of multiple signalling is not only due to the repetitiveness of the signal, but also of multiple receivers of the signal. In the peacock species, males congregate a communal display during breeding season and the peahens observe. Peacocks first defend their territory through intra-sexual behaviour, defending their areas from intruders. They fight for areas within the congregation to display a strong front for the peahens. Central positions are usually taken by older, dominant males, which influences mating success. Certain morphological and behavioural traits come in to play during inter and intra-sexual selection, which include train length for territory acquisition and visual and vocal displays involved in mate choice by peahens.
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greater predation. She allowed females to mate with males with differing numbers of eyespots, and reared the offspring in a communal incubator to control for differences in maternal care. Chicks fathered by more ornamented males weighed more than those fathered by less ornamented males, an attribute generally associated with better survival rate in birds. These chicks were released into the park and recaptured one year later. Those with heavily ornamented feathers were better able to avoid predators and survive in natural conditions. Thus, Petrie's work shows correlations between tail ornamentation, mating success, and increased survival ability in both the ornamented males and their offspring.
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pied, white-eye (the ocelli in a male's eye feathers have white spots instead of black), and silver pied (a mostly white bird with small patches of colour). Colour variations include white, purple, Buford bronze, opal, midnight, charcoal, jade, and taupe, as well as the sex-linked colours purple, cameo, peach, and Sonja's
Violeta. Additional colour and pattern variations are first approved by the United Peafowl Association to become officially recognised as a morph among breeders. Alternately-coloured peafowl are born differently coloured than wild-type peafowl, and though each colour is recognisable at hatch, their peachick plumage does not necessarily match their adult plumage.
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487:) has iridescent blue and green plumage, mostly metal-like blue and green. In both species, females are a little smaller than males in terms of weight and wingspan, but males are significantly longer due to the "tail", also known as a "train". The peacock train consists not of tail quill feathers but highly elongated upper tail coverts. These feathers are marked with eyespots, best seen when a peacock fans his tail. All species have a crest atop the head. The Indian peahen has a mixture of dull grey, brown, and green in her plumage. The female also displays her plumage to ward off female competition or signal danger to her young.
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1529:, which causes pigment cells to fail to migrate from the neural crest during development. Leucistic peafowl can produce pigment but not deposit the pigment to their feathers, resulting in a blue-grey eye colour and the complete lack of colouration in their plumage. Pied peafowl are affected by partial leucism, where only some pigment cells fail to migrate, resulting in birds that have colour but also have patches absent of all colour; they, too, have blue-grey eyes. By contrast, true albino peafowl would have a complete lack of
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1572:(1809–1882) presented firm evidence for it being a variety under domestication, which treatment is now well established and accepted. It being a colour variation rather than a wild species was important for Darwin to prove, as otherwise it could undermine his theory of slow modification by natural selection in the wild. It is, however, only a case of genetic variation within the population. In this mutation, the adult male is melanistic with black wings.
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1514:, after the first person to successfully hybridise them, Keith Spalding. Spaldings with a high-green phenotype do much better in cold temperatures than the cold-intolerant green peafowl while still looking like their green parents. Plumage varies between individual spaldings, with some looking far more like green peafowl and some looking far more like blue peafowl, though most visually carry traits of both.
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wisdom. The emblem of a pair of peacocks drinking from a vase is used as a symbol of the eucharist and the resurrection, as it represents the
Christian believer drinking from the waters of eternal life. The peacock can also symbolise the cosmos if one interprets its tail with its many "eyes" as the vault of heaven dotted by the sun, moon, and stars. Due to the adoption by
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553:(fiber-like components) of the feathers, produce the peacock's colors. 2D photonic-crystal structures within the layers of the barbules cause the coloration of their feathers. Slight changes to the spacing of the barbules result in different colors. Brown feathers are a mixture of red and blue: one color is created by the periodic structure and the other is created by a
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964:) were abundant. Therefore, they came to be known as "Moriyas", literally, "belonging to the place of peacocks". According to another Buddhist account, these ancestors built a city called Moriya-nagara ("Moriya-city"), which was so called, because it was built with the "bricks coloured like peacocks' necks". After conquering the
713:, showed little variance across male populations, and did not correlate with male physiological condition. Adeline Loyau and her colleagues responded that alternative and possibly central explanations for these results had been overlooked. They concluded that female choice might indeed vary in different ecological conditions.
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and the angle at which they are displayed. The angle at which the ocelli are displayed during courtship is more important in a peahen's choice of males than train size or number of ocelli. Peahens pay careful attention to the different parts of a peacock's train during his display. The lower train is
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Another hypothesis is sensory bias, in which females have a preference for a trait in a non-mating context that becomes transferred to mating, such as Merle Jacobs' food-courtship hypothesis, which suggests that peahens are attracted to peacocks for the resemblance of their eye spots to blue berries.
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In courtship, vocalisation stands to be a primary way for peacocks to attract peahens. Some studies suggest that the intricacy of the "song" produced by displaying peacocks proved to be impressive to peafowl. Singing in peacocks usually occurs just before, just after, or sometimes during copulation.
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In addition to the wild-type "blue" colouration, several hundred variations in colour and pattern are recognised as separate morphs of the Indian Blue among peafowl breeders. Pattern variations include solid-wing/black shoulder (the black and brown stripes on the wing are instead one solid colour),
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Instead of plucking this bird, take off the skin with the greatest care, so that the feathers do not get detached or broken. Stuff it with what you like, as truffles, mushrooms, livers of fowls, bacon, salt, spice, thyme, crumbs of bread, and a bay-leaf. Wrap the claws and head in several folds of
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either early in the morning or at dusk. They retreat to the shade and security of the woods for the hottest portion of the day. These birds are not picky and will eat almost anything they can fit in their beak and digest. They actively hunt insects like ants, crickets and termites; millipedes; and
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Although an intricate display catches a peahen's attention, the redundant signal hypothesis also plays a crucial role in keeping this attention on the peacock's display. The redundant signal hypothesis explains that whilst each signal that a male projects is about the same quality, the addition of
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In contrast to Petrie's findings, a seven-year
Japanese study of free-ranging peafowl concluded that female peafowl do not select mates solely on the basis of their trains. Mariko Takahashi found no evidence that peahens preferred peacocks with more elaborate trains (such as with more eyespots), a
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In
Yazidism, the peacock is believed to represent the diversity of the world, and the colourfulness of the peacock's feathers is considered to represent of all the colours of nature. The feathers of the peacock also symbolize sun rays, from which come light, luminosity and brightness. The peacock
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The peacock's train and iridescent plumage are perhaps the best-known examples of traits believed to have arisen through sexual selection, though with some controversy. Male peafowl erect their trains to form a shimmering fan in their display for females. Marion Petrie tested whether or not these
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Most commonly, during a courtship display, the visiting female peahen will stop directly in front of the male peacock, thus providing her with the ability to assess the male at 90° to the surface of the feather. Then, the male will turn and display his feathers about 45° to the right of the sun's
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The symbolic association of peacock feathers with the wings of angels led to the belief that the waving of such liturgical fans resulted in an automated emission of prayers. This affinity between peacocks' and angels' feathers was also expressed in other artistic media, including paintings of
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Mature peahens have been recorded as suddenly growing typically male peacock plumage and making male calls. Research has suggested that changes in mature birds are due to a lack of estrogen from old or damaged ovaries, and that male plumage and calls are the default unless hormonally suppressed.
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The symbolism was adopted by early
Christianity, thus many early Christian paintings and mosaics show the peacock. The peacock is still used in the Easter season, especially in the east. The "eyes" in the peacock's tail feathers can symbolise the all-seeing Christian God, the Church, or angelic
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in the train predicted a male's mating success. She was able to manipulate this success by cutting the eyespots off some of the males' tails: females lost interest in pruned males and became attracted to untrimmed ones. Males with fewer eyespots, thus having lower mating success, suffered from
633:
Multiple hypotheses involving female choice have been posited. One hypothesis is that females choose mates with good genes. Males with more exaggerated secondary sexual characteristics, such as bigger, brighter peacock trains, tend to have better genes in the peahen's eyes. These better genes
509:) male does not display his covert feathers, but uses his actual tail feathers during courtship displays. These feathers are much shorter than those of the Indian and green species, and the ocelli are much less pronounced. Females of the Indian and African species are dull grey and/or brown.
1017:
Peacocks (often a symbol of pride and vanity) were believed to deliberately consume poisonous substances in order to become immune to them, as well as to make the colours of their resplendent plumage all the more vibrant – seeing as so many poisonous flora and fauna are so colourful due to
1276:
1215:. This brightly hued peacock was adopted due to the increase in colour programming. NBC's first colour broadcasts showed only a still frame of the colourful peacock. The emblem made its first on-air appearance on 22 May 1956. The current, six-feathered logo debuted on 12 May 1986.
498:) have green and bronze or gold plumage, and black wings with a sheen of blue. Unlike Indian peafowl, the green peahen is similar to the male, but has shorter upper tail coverts, a more coppery neck, and overall less iridescence. Both males and females have spurs.
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in half. Out of respect for his adversary's prowess in battle, the god converted the two halves into an integral part of himself. One half became a peacock serving as his mount, and the other a rooster adorning his flag. The peacock displays the divine shape of
596:
Many female progenitors of the peacock must, during a long line of descent, have appreciated this superiority; for they have unconsciously, by the continued preference for the most beautiful males, rendered the peacock the most splendid of living birds.
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display to intimidate predators and rivals. This hypothesis is designed to explain
Takahashi's observations that in Japan, neither reproductive success nor physical condition correlate with the train's length, symmetry or number of eyespots.
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Runaway selection is another hypothesis. In runaway sexual selection, linked genes in males and females code for sexually dimorphic traits in males, and preference for those traits in females. The close spatial association of
871:
Domesticated peafowl may also eat bread and cracked grain such as oats and corn, cheese, cooked rice and sometimes cat food. It has been noticed by keepers that peafowl enjoy protein-rich food including larvae that infest
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azimuth which allows the sunlight to accentuate the iridescence of his train. If the female chooses to interact with the male, he will then turn to face her and shiver his train so as to begin the mating process.
382:, is not a true peafowl. Male peafowl are known for their piercing calls and their extravagant plumage. The latter is especially prominent in the Asiatic species, which have an eye-spotted "tail" or "train" of
685:
Furthermore, peafowl and their sexual characteristics have been used in the discussion of the causes for sexual traits. Amotz Zahavi used the excessive tail plumes of male peafowls as evidence for his "
1167:
of the ancient idea that the peacock's flesh did not decay, the bird was again associated with immortality. In
Christian iconography, two peacocks are often depicted either side of the Tree of Life.
1073:
Consequently, due to its holiness, Yazidis are not allowed to hunt and eat the peacock, ill-treat it or utter bad words about it. Images of the peacock are also found drawn around the sanctuary of
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usually evaluated during close-up courtship, while the upper train is more of a long-distance attraction signal. Actions such as train rattling and wing shaking also kept the peahens' attention.
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1127:, refers to it as "the Persian bird". When Alexander saw the birds in India, he was so amazed at their beauty that he threatened the severest penalties for any man who slew one.
512:
Chicks of both sexes in all the species are cryptically colored. They vary between yellow and tawny, usually with patches of darker brown or light tan and "dirty white" ivory.
606:
It has been suggested that a peacock's train, loud call, and fearless behavior have been formed by natural selection (with or without sexual selection too), and served as an
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956:, was born an orphan and raised by a family farming peacocks. According to the Buddhist tradition, the ancestors of the Maurya kings had settled in a region where peacocks (
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and their length hinders escape from danger), Zahavi argued that only the fittest males could survive the handicap of a large train. Thus, a brilliant train serves as an
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peak from reflections from the outer and inner boundaries. Color derived from physical structure rather than pigment can vary with viewing angle, causing iridescence.
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Loyau, Adeline; Saint Jalme, Michel; Cagniant, Cécile; Sorci, Gabriele (October 2005). "Multiple sexual advertisements honestly reflect health status in peacocks (
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The Yezidi religious textual tradition : from oral to written categories, transmission, scripturalisation and canonisation of the Yezidi oral religious texts
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The Yezidi
Religious Textual Tradition : From Oral to Written Categories, Transmission, Scripturalisation and Canonisation of the Yezidi Oral Religious Texts
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1062:, of whom Tawûsî Melek was appointed as the leader. God assigned all of the world's affairs to these seven Divine Beings, also often referred to as the Seven
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Ancient Greeks believed that the flesh of peafowl did not decay after death, so it became a symbol of immortality. In
Hellenistic imagery, the Greek goddess
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Loyau, Adeline; Petrie, Marion; Saint Jalme, Michel; Sorci, Gabriele (November 2008). "Do peahens not prefer peacocks with more elaborate trains?".
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for females that these highly ornamented males are good at surviving for other reasons, so are preferable mates. This theory may be contrasted with
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van Grouw, H. & Dekkers, W. 2023. The taxonomic history of Black-shouldered
Peafowl; with Darwin’s help downgraded from species to variation.
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Green, N. (2006). Ostrich Eggs and Peacock Feathers: Sacred Objects as Cultural Exchange between Christianity and Islam. Al-Masāq, 18(1), 27–78.
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Adeline Loyau, Doris Gomez, Benoît Moureau, Marc Théry, Nathan S. Hart, Michel Saint Jalme, Andrew T.D. Bennett, Gabriele Sorci (November 2007).
1568:)) and was a topic of some interest during Darwin's time. Others had doubts about its taxonomic status, but the English naturalist and biologist
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Peafowl are forest birds that nest on the ground, but roost in trees. They are terrestrial feeders. All species of peafowl are believed to be
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of the males' fitness, since less-fit males would be disadvantaged by the difficulty of surviving with such large and conspicuous structures.
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Loyau, Adeline; Jalme, Michel Saint; Sorci, Gabriele (September 2005). "Intra- and Intersexual Selection for Multiple Traits in the Peacock (
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1536:
1183:, the golden peacock is a symbol for joy and creativity, with quills from the bird's feathers being a metaphor for a writer's inspiration.
972:, the Chandragupta dynasty reigned uncontested during its time. Its royal emblem remained the peacock until Emperor Ashoka changed it to a
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Mathews, Thomas (2022). "The iconography of the visions of Isaiah and Ezekiel". In Alpi, F.; Meyer, R.; Tinti, I.; Zakarian, D. (eds.).
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more symmetrical arrangement, or a greater length. Takahashi determined that the peacock's train was not the universal target of female
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876:, different kinds of meat and fruit, as well as vegetables including dark leafy greens, broccoli, carrots, beans, beets, and peas.
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were privileged to eat less usual foods, such as swan, and even peafowl were consumed. On a king's table, a peacock would be for
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689:". Since these trains are likely to be deleterious to an individual's survival (as their brilliance makes them more visible to
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The Haran Gawaita and The Baptism of Hibil-Ziwa: The Mandaic text reproduced together with translation, notes and commentary
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when it spreads its magnificent plumes into a full-blown circular form. A peacock feather also adorns the crest of the god
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peafowl do exist, this is quite rare, and almost all white peafowl are not albinos; they have a genetic condition called
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1533:, resulting in irises that look red or pink. Leucistic peachicks are born yellow and become fully white as they mature.
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Clothey, Fred W. Many Faces of Murakan: The History and Meaning of a South Indian God. Walter De Gruyter Inc., 1978.
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Yorzinski, Jessica L.; Patricelli, Gail L.; Babcock, Jason S.; Pearson, John M.; Platt, Michael L. (15 August 2013).
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1154:, to commemorate her faithful watchman, Hera had the hundred eyes of Argus preserved forever, in the peacock's tail.
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Zi, Jian; Yu, Xindi; Li, Yizhou; Hu, Xinhua; Xu, Chun; Wang, Xingjun; Liu, Xiaohan; Fu, Rongtang (28 October 2003).
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In ancient Rome, peafowl were served as a delicacy. The dish was introduced there in approximately 35 B.C. The poet
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Keating, Jessica (November 2021). "Hidden in plain sight: on copiousness in the Kunstkammer of Emperor Rudolf II".
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2985:; Arakelova, Victoria (January 2003). Asatrian, Garnik S. (ed.). "Malak-Tāwūs: The Peacock Angel of the Yezidis".
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and on other Yazidi shrines and holy sites, homes, as well as religious, social, cultural and academic centres.
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984:. The peacock continued to represent elegance and royalty in India during medieval times; for instance, the
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involved in the train in males, and for preference for more exuberant trains in females, on the chromosome (
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Anoop, K. R.; Yorzinski, Jessica L. (1 January 2013). "Peacock copulation calls attract distant females".
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1934:"Iridescent structurally based coloration of eyespots correlates with mating success in the peacock"
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Petrie, Marion; Halliday, T.; Sanders, C. (1991). "Peahens prefer peacocks with elaborate trains".
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suggested that they served to attract females, and the showy features of the males had evolved by
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ridiculed the eating of peafowl, saying they tasted like chicken. Peafowl eggs were also valued.
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3736:"Ancient Foodies: Modern Misconceptions, Alternative Uses, and Recipes for Food in Ancient Rome"
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Takahashi, Mariko; Arita, Hiroyuki; Hiraiwa-Hasegawa, Mariko; Hasegawa, Toshikazu (April 2008).
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coloration and large "train" of peacocks have been the subject of extensive scientific debate.
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period, various types of fowl were consumed as food, with the poorer populations (such as
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383:
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displays signalled a male's genetic quality by studying a feral population of peafowl in
2657:
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2323:
1984:"Can there be an Alternative Evolutionary Reason Behind the Peacock's Impressive Train?"
1908:
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I, 625. The peacock is an Eastern bird, unknown to Greeks before the time of Alexander.
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The Survival of the Pagan Gods: Mythological Tradition in Renaissance Humanism and Art
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2003:
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1119:'s chariot was pulled by peacocks, birds not known to Greeks before the conquests of
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375:
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2594:
2454:"Eye for an eyespot: how iridescent plumage ocelli influence peacock mating success"
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directly benefit her offspring, as well as her fitness and reproductive success.
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Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
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opening the feathers of its tail in a circular shape symbolizes the sunrise.
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2029:
Jordania, Joseph (2011). "Peacock's Tail: Tale of Beauty and Intimidation".
1950:
1933:
1850:
1605:
1601:
1557:
1491:
1371:
1124:
1033:
India adopted the peacock as its national bird in 1963 and it is one of the
1026:
is depicted seated on a peacock. Peacocks are seen supporting the throne of
1011:
918:
894:
873:
865:
856:
848:
702:
701:'s hypothesis that male sexual traits are the result of initially arbitrary
677:
174:
109:
53:
8166:
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3542:
2520:
1877:
1608:
also mocked the ostentation and snobbery of eating peafowl and their eggs.
767:, the males possess metatarsal spurs or "thorns" on their legs used during
681:
A peacock in flight: Zahavi argued that the long train would be a handicap.
661:
Multiple causalities for the evolution of female choice are also possible.
3445:
3259:
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5247:
4191:
4032:
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1893:"Light as a Feather: Structural Elements Give Peacock Plumes Their Color"
1560:
mutation was initially considered as a subspecies of the Indian peafowl (
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3792:
3559:
In the Eye of the Animal: Zoological Imagination in Ancient Christianity
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As with many birds, vibrant iridescent plumage colors are not primarily
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7792:
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7127:
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4945:
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3036:
3004:
2698:"Why Are There So Many Peacocks in India's Arts, Culture, and Legends?"
2502:
1636:
1624:
1616:
1530:
1526:
1414: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
1248:
1003:
943:
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654:
loop that exaggerates both the male traits and the female preferences.
639:
550:
535:
444:
114:
89:
3182:
2880:
2246:"Peacocks with low mating success are more likely to suffer predation"
1917:
1892:
1050:
Tawûsî Melek (lit. 'Peacock Angel') one of the central figures of the
8706:
8393:
8021:
7048:
6924:
4765:
4567:
4450:
4286:
3897:
3134:
The Religion of the Peacock Angel: The Yezidis and Their Spirit World
3075:
2996:
2487:"Through their eyes: selective attention in peahens during courtship"
2284:
Sexual Selections: What we can and can't learn about sex from animals
2060:
1628:
1597:
1147:
1131:
writes that there were peacocks in India, larger than anywhere else.
1074:
930:
910:
629:
Peacock (seen from behind) displaying to attract peahen in foreground
184:
8812:
8773:
8499:
8460:
8140:
7892:
7683:
7560:
1995:
1983:
1030:, the ruby red sunset coloured archetypal Buddha of Infinite Light.
847:
and mostly eat plants, flower petals, seed heads, insects and other
8101:
3586:
Hall's Illustrated Dictionary of Symbols in Eastern and Western Art
3526:
3217:
8768:
8611:
8455:
8298:
8096:
7779:
7198:
7132:
3954:
3044:
1579:
1535:
1497:
1485:
1207:
In 1956, John J. Graham created an abstraction of an 11-feathered
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888:
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729:
A peacock's copulation success rate depends on the colours of his
720:
676:
624:
474:
459:
451:
443:
435:
427:
351:(the pheasants and their allies). Male peafowl are referred to as
319:
311:
8786:
7866:
2917:
The Role of Nature in Yezidism: Poetic Texts and Living Tradition
2741:
2149:." Evolution 101: Runaway Selection. N.p., n.d. 24 November 2014.
6959:
3909:
3388:
3003:
in collaboration with the Caucasian Centre for Iranian Studies (
1620:
1151:
1143:
1116:
204:
7564:
6928:
5507:
5176:
3928:
3858:
3854:
1383:
1212:
420:
A group of peacocks is called an "ostentation" or a "muster".
1150:, kill Argus through eternal sleep and free Io. According to
3465:
The Facts on File Encyclopedia of World Mythology and Legend
3219:
Holy Lalish, 2008 (Ezidian temple Lalish in Iraqi Kurdistan)
3130:"Part I: The One God - Malak-Tāwūs: The Leader of the Triad"
2811:"The history and doctrine of Budhism, popularly illustrated"
2100:"Age-advertisement and the evolution of the peacock's train"
1795:"The long-running mystery of why birds seemingly change sex"
1510:
Hybrids between Indian peafowl and Green peafowl are called
776:
2772:"Why does Lord Krishna wear a peacock feather on his head?"
2061:"Peahens do not prefer peacocks with more elaborate trains"
1766:
Morgan, T. H. (July 1942). "Sex inversion in the peafowl".
939:
2977:
2975:
1521:
Occasionally, peafowl appear with white plumage. Although
771:
territorial fights with some other members of their kind.
2825:"Indian Peacock: A Symbol of Grace, Joy, Beauty and Love"
868:
and small mammals. Indian peafowl also eat small snakes.
30:"Peacock" redirects here. For the streaming service, see
1146:'s interest in her. Zeus had the messenger of the gods,
859:. Wild peafowl look for their food scratching around in
456:
A female peafowl, or peahen, walking freely around a zoo
1142:. Hera had transformed Io into a cow after learning of
1058:, before the creation of this world, God created seven
2190:
Male Peacock's Feather Fails to Impress Females: Study
1134:
One myth states that Hera's servant, the hundred-eyed
1022:, this idea appears to have merit. The Buddhist deity
3527:"An early Christian fresco from Štrbinci near Đakovo"
1370:
Peacock sculpture at Golingeshwara temple complex in
1289:. A peacock is sitting on the roof above the praying
4259:
1740:
The Descent of Man, and Selection in Relation to Sex
1313:, wrongly suggesting that the peacock's plumage was
316:
A peacock spreading his tail, displaying his plumage
8653:
8340:
7955:
7808:
7573:
7532:
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3942:
2958:"مەھدى حەسەن:جەژنا سەر سالێ دمیتۆلۆژیا ئێزدیان دا"
1648:, regarding occasions and preparation of the bird:
1010:, the peacock is the third animal of the zodiac of
585:
The Descent of Man and Selection in Relation to Sex
549:, based on regular, periodic nanostructures of the
471:
Video analysis of the mechanisms behind the display
331:is a common name for two bird species of the genus
275:
250:
156:
45:
3661:
3402:
2630:Johnsingh, A. J. T. (1976). "Peacocks and cobra".
1672:
3360:"Aelian, De Natura Animalium, book 16, chapter 2"
3330:"Aelian, De Natura Animalium, book 5, chapter 21"
3562:. University of Pennsylvania Press. p. 21.
2452:Dakin, Roslyn; Montgomerie, Robert (June 2013).
2286:. University of California Press; Berkeley, CA.
1584:A peacock served in full plumage (detail of the
1502:Japanese woodblock print of a white peacock, by
1138:, was instructed to guard the woman-turned-cow,
594:
2796:
588:that peafowl plumage may have evolved through
6940:
3870:
3664:The New York Times Encyclopedia of Television
3457:
3455:
2632:Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society
2035:. Tbilisi, Georgia: Logos. pp. 192–196.
337:and one species of the closely related genus
8:
3723:https://doi.org/10.25226/bboc.v143i1.2023.a7
3719:Bulletin of the British Ornithologists' Club
3695:"On the black-shouldered peafowl of Latham (
2054:
2052:
2032:Why do People Sing? Music in Human Evolution
1964:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
2305:"Mate selection—A selection for a handicap"
1826:"Coloration strategies in peacock feathers"
7561:
6947:
6933:
6925:
6235:
5876:
5697:
5528:
5518:
5504:
5187:
5173:
4760:
4711:
4291:
4225:
4186:
4027:
3988:
3949:
3939:
3925:
3877:
3863:
3855:
3520:
3518:
2161:"A New Look at Darwinian Sexual Selection"
1251:are used to highlight the dragon's scales.
1199:, and on which European painters focused.
1054:, is symbolized with a peacock. In Yazidi
925:, and is also depicted around the goddess
140:
42:
7517:Royal Society for the Protection of Birds
3611:https://doi.org/10.1080/09503110500222328
3087:
2920:. Göttingen: Göttingen University Press.
2510:
2469:
2331:
2115:
1949:
1916:
1867:
1849:
1474:Learn how and when to remove this message
279:included but traditionally excluded taxa
3216:Pirbari, Dimitri; Grigoriev, Stanislav.
3072:Oxford Research Encyclopedia of Religion
362:The two Asiatic species are the blue or
355:, and female peafowl are referred to as
3794:The English and Australian Cookery Book
3411:. Oxford University Press. p. 61.
2854:"Sembolîzma teyran di Êzîdîtiyê de (1)"
1663:
1645:The English and Australian Cookery Book
1217:
995:The peacock is represented in both the
763:. In common with other members of the
3089:10.1093/acrefore/9780199340378.013.254
3066:Allison, Christine (25 January 2017).
2746:Murugan Bhakti: The Skanda Kumāra site
2138:Caldwell, Roy, and Jennifer Collins. "
1957:
1066:or heft sirr ("the Seven Mysteries").
810:
3772:from the original on 13 December 2011
3434:Journal of the History of Collections
3401:Murray, Peter; Murray, Linda (2004).
3243:
3241:
2860:from the original on 24 February 2021
2848:
2846:
2831:from the original on 26 December 2016
2813:. Ackermann – via Google Books.
1780:10.1093/oxfordjournals.jhered.a105182
1247:, late 17th century. Peacock feather
1191:The peacock motif was revived in the
1111:A peacock walking freely around a zoo
520:Iridescence and structural coloration
7:
8265:5ef59b86-b1e8-4831-a7d6-6d6ca540ee47
7798:0C670453-1A8D-4657-BCBA-D9428F0AB835
7785:145D9364-6815-2F86-3F5F-D3EACC8265F9
7746:7f60ea6a-bc31-4591-809b-415be338d998
3254:. pp. 61–67, 207–208, 264–265.
2752:from the original on 9 February 2014
1793:Inglis-Arkell, Esther (7 May 2013).
1586:Allegory of Taste, Hearing and Touch
1412:adding citations to reliable sources
725:Eyespot on a peacock's train feather
3226:from the original on 9 January 2022
3187:. Harrassowitz Verlag. p. 26.
2491:The Journal of Experimental Biology
2384:Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology
1243:Roundel with dragon design. China,
905:and significant in its culture. In
897:with his wives on his peacock mount
669:in southern England. The number of
3629:from the original on 29 March 2017
3409:Oxford Dictionary of Christian Art
3370:from the original on 6 August 2020
3106:from the original on 11 March 2019
2167:. Heron Publishing. Archived from
2117:10.1046/j.1420-9101.1989.2050379.x
2010:from the original on 26 March 2023
1747:from the original on 29 April 2023
1705:San Diego Zoo Animals & Plants
1195:iconography that unified Hera and
1171:angels with peacock feather wings
386:, which they display as part of a
25:
3818:Chandragupta Maurya and His Times
3746:from the original on 27 July 2021
2742:"Muruga – The Ever-Merciful Lord"
2199:. The Indian News. 27 March 2008.
2098:Manning, J. T. (September 1989).
1805:from the original on 19 July 2020
1715:from the original on 5 March 2021
933:, Kartikeya split the demon king
602:Aposematism and natural selection
7094:
3842:
3734:Gillis, Francesca (4 May 2020).
3491:Armenia Through the Lens of Time
3340:from the original on 4 June 2021
3284:from the original on 29 May 2023
2560:10.1111/j.1439-0310.2005.01091.x
1891:Blau, Steven K. (January 2004).
1540:Black-shouldered Indian peafowl
1388:
1363:
1351:Syrian bowl with peacock motif,
1344:
1321:
1298:
1275:
1256:
1236:
1220:
811:Problems playing this file? See
795:
161:
6917:185 living species in 32 genera
3462:Mercatante, Anthony S. (1988).
2676:San Francisco Zoo & Gardens
2140:When Sexual Selection Runs Away
2104:Journal of Evolutionary Biology
1564:) (or even a separate species (
1399:needs additional citations for
1328:Common peafowl, by John Gould,
393:The functions of the elaborate
7246:The Tale of Jemima Puddle-Duck
5792:Bronze-tailed peacock-pheasant
3768:. Medieval-Recipes.com. 2010.
3468:. Facts on File. p. 518.
3316:Biblioteca Apostolica Vaticana
3251:The Role of Nature in Yezidism
3128:; Arakelova, Victoria (2014).
2809:Upham, Edward (20 June 2018).
2312:Journal of Theoretical Biology
1380:Breeding and colour variations
717:Plumage colours as attractants
1:
7522:Wildfowl & Wetlands Trust
4647:Columbian sharp-tailed grouse
3556:Miller, Patricia Cox (2018).
2431:10.1016/j.anbehav.2008.07.021
2223:10.1016/S0003-3472(05)80484-1
2077:10.1016/j.anbehav.2007.10.004
1550:Naturalis Biodiversity Center
1352:
1329:
1283:Annunciation with St. Emidius
988:seat of power was called the
5663:Chestnut-necklaced partridge
3248:Aysif, Rezan Shivan (2021).
2914:Aysif, Rezan Shivan (2021).
2342:10.1016/0022-5193(75)90111-3
2262:10.1016/0003-3472(92)90072-H
1627:. However, the more wealthy
909:, the Indian peacock is the
7258:Jonathan Livingston Seagull
7210:The Conference of the Birds
5322:Chestnut-breasted partridge
4117:Szechenyi's monal-partridge
3589:. John Murray. p. 38.
2650:"What Is a Peacock's Diet?"
1544:from private collection of
1099:is described as a peacock.
738:Redundant signal hypothesis
32:Peacock (streaming service)
8971:
8487:green-peafowl-pavo-muticus
7540:Human–dinosaur coexistence
7239:A History of British Birds
7045:In mythology and religion
5812:Germain's peacock-pheasant
5472:Chestnut-bellied partridge
4675:Attwater's prairie chicken
4107:Verreaux's monal-partridge
3181:Omarkhali, Khanna (2017).
2879:Omarkhali, Khanna (2017).
1755:– via Gutenberg.org.
1229:Mingachevir Church Complex
921:, and the warrior goddess
618:
523:
29:
7545:Category:Birds and humans
7472:Henry Constantine Richter
7092:
6915:
5891:Mountain bamboo partridge
5822:Mountain peacock-pheasant
5517:
5503:
5372:Chestnut-headed partridge
5342:Rufous-throated partridge
5332:White-necklaced partridge
5210:Udzungwa forest partridge
5186:
5172:
4482:Black-billed capercaillie
3938:
3924:
3892:
3531:Hortus Artium Medievalium
3499:10.1163/9789004527607_003
2587:10.1163/1568539X-00003037
2396:10.1007/s00265-005-0958-y
1552:, Leiden, the Netherlands
1211:for American broadcaster
1088:The Baptism of Hibil Ziwa
1035:national symbols of India
901:The peafowl is native to
374:from Southeast Asia. The
283:
255:
158:Scientific classification
148:
139:
27:Group of large game birds
7157:Bird-and-flower painting
6116:White-throated francolin
5901:Chinese bamboo partridge
5852:Bornean peacock-pheasant
5842:Malayan peacock-pheasant
5802:Palawan peacock-pheasant
5712:Crimson-headed partridge
5543:Vietnamese crested argus
4320:C. canadensis franklinii
3740:Classics Honors Projects
3525:Migotti, Branka (1997).
2145:29 November 2014 at the
1619:) consuming more common
1556:The black-shouldered or
1309:and Richard Meryman for
555:Fabry–Pérot interference
36:Peacock (disambiguation)
6810:Double-spurred spurfowl
6690:Chestnut-naped spurfowl
6670:Mount Cameroon spurfowl
5911:Taiwan bamboo partridge
5832:Hainan peacock-pheasant
5482:Grey-breasted partridge
5422:Orange-necked partridge
5402:White-cheeked partridge
5200:Rubeho forest partridge
4885:Lady Amherst's pheasant
4659:Greater prairie chicken
4470:Cantabrian capercaillie
3821:. Motilal Banarsidass.
3791:Abbott, Edward (1864).
3704:Proc. Zool. Soc. London
3668:. Times Books. p.
3080:Oxford University Press
3013:10.1163/157338403X00015
2195:27 October 2014 at the
1851:10.1073/pnas.2133313100
1546:Coenraad Jacob Temminck
667:Whipsnade Wildlife Park
415:acted as honest signals
7512:BirdLife International
7452:John Gerrard Keulemans
7404:of the Tower of London
7265:In theatre and ballet
7074:Driven grouse shooting
6880:Grey-breasted spurfowl
6870:Yellow-necked spurfowl
6800:Hildebrandt's spurfowl
6700:Black-fronted spurfowl
6505:Przevalski's partridge
6201:Orange River francolin
5673:Green-legged partridge
5432:Red-breasted partridge
5000:Tibetan eared pheasant
4687:Lesser prairie chicken
4435:White-tailed ptarmigan
3847:Quotations related to
3543:10.1484/J.HAM.2.305110
2303:Zahavi, Amotz (1975).
2282:Zuk, Marlene. (2002).
1675:An Exaltation of Larks
1671:Lipton, James (1991).
1655:
1593:
1590:Jan Brueghel the Elder
1553:
1507:
1495:
1112:
978:Lion Capital of Ashoka
898:
840:
781:
756:
726:
705:selection by females.
682:
648:linkage disequilibrium
630:
599:
530:Structural colouration
480:
472:
457:
449:
441:
433:
325:
317:
34:. For other uses, see
8899:Paleobiology Database
8599:Paleobiology Database
8286:Paleobiology Database
7940:Paleobiology Database
7767:Paleobiology Database
6840:Clapperton's spurfowl
6750:Grey-striped spurfowl
6191:Grey-winged francolin
6151:Ring-necked francolin
5946:Sri Lankan junglefowl
5782:Grey peacock-pheasant
5553:Malayan crested argus
5233:Ferruginous partridge
5115:Hoogerwerf's pheasant
4726:Long-billed partridge
3625:. Jewish Folk Songs.
3493:. Brill. p. 28.
3364:www.perseus.tufts.edu
3334:www.perseus.tufts.edu
3260:10.17875/gup2021-1855
3150:10.4324/9781315728896
3138:Abingdon, Oxfordshire
2988:Iran and the Caucasus
2926:10.17875/gup2021-1855
2471:10.1093/beheco/art045
1951:10.1093/beheco/arm088
1650:
1583:
1548:(1778–1858), held at
1539:
1501:
1489:
1123:. Alexander's tutor,
1110:
952:, the founder of the
892:
880:Cultural significance
832:
780:
754:
724:
680:
628:
540:structural coloration
524:Further information:
478:
470:
455:
448:Head of adult peacock
447:
439:
431:
378:, native only to the
323:
315:
152:displaying his train
7430:The Birds of America
7216:Ode to a Nightingale
6730:Swierstra's spurfowl
6641:) (possibly extinct)
6555:Red-legged partridge
6405:Madagascar partridge
6161:Red-winged francolin
6126:Schlegel's francolin
5412:Bar-backed partridge
5352:Red-billed partridge
5105:Salvadori's pheasant
5010:Brown eared pheasant
4990:White eared pheasant
4830:Mrs. Hume's pheasant
4460:Western capercaillie
3647:Seznec, Jean (1953)
3623:"The Golden Peacock"
3583:Hall, James (1994).
1633:ostentatious display
1408:improve this article
1231:(4th-7th century AD)
929:. During a war with
483:The Indian peacock (
413:that these features
366:originally from the
18:White peacock (bird)
8955:Paraphyletic groups
7467:Roger Tory Peterson
6890:Red-necked spurfowl
6860:Swainson's spurfowl
6770:Red-billed spurfowl
6660:Hartlaub's spurfowl
6360:Snow Mountain quail
6211:Shelley's francolin
5075:Vietnamese pheasant
4980:Blue eared pheasant
4637:Sharp-tailed grouse
4602:Greater sage-grouse
4082:Temminck's tragopan
3721:, 143(1): 111–121.
3693:Sclater PL (1860).
3660:Brown, Les (1977).
3446:10.1093/jhc/fhab009
3126:Asatrian, Garnik S.
2983:Asatrian, Garnik S.
2797:R. K. Mookerji 1966
2702:Fodors Travel Guide
2613:National Geographic
2552:2005Ethol.111..810L
2324:1975JThBi..53..205Z
2244:Petrie, M. (1992).
2171:on 8 September 2014
1909:2004PhT....57a..18B
1842:2003PNAS..10012576Z
1836:(22): 12576–12578.
1768:Journal of Heredity
950:Chandragupta Maurya
479:Peacock from behind
368:Indian subcontinent
8917:Afropavo-congensis
8712:afropavo-congensis
8699:Afropavo_congensis
8685:Afropavo congensis
8655:Afropavo congensis
7482:Archibald Thorburn
7425:John James Audubon
6850:Harwood's spurfowl
6830:Heuglin's spurfowl
6760:Jackson's spurfowl
6610:Manipur bush quail
6600:Painted bush quail
6535:Philby's partridge
6270:Himalayan snowcock
6250:Caucasian snowcock
6181:Moorland francolin
6171:Finsch's francolin
5991:Latham's francolin
5856:P. schleiermacheri
5757:Sri Lanka spurfowl
5462:Sumatran partridge
5147:Swinhoe's pheasant
5069:L. erythrophthalma
5065:Crestless fireback
4263:Californian turkey
2776:The Times of India
2503:10.1242/jeb.087338
2458:Behavioral Ecology
2359:on 26 January 2016
1982:(September 2021).
1938:Behavioral Ecology
1594:
1554:
1508:
1506:(小原 古邨), 1925–1936
1496:
1358:. Brooklyn Museum.
1311:Thayer's 1909 book
1268:Merab Abramishvili
1113:
968:and defeating the
899:
841:
782:
757:
727:
687:handicap principle
683:
631:
507:Afropavo congensis
481:
473:
458:
450:
442:
434:
411:handicap principle
326:
318:
8950:Bird common names
8927:
8926:
8886:Open Tree of Life
8586:Open Tree of Life
7754:Open Tree of Life
7567:Taxon identifiers
7558:
7557:
7493:Conservationists
7462:Richard Lewington
7252:The Ugly Duckling
7069:Cormorant fishing
6996:Bird conservation
6922:
6921:
6911:
6910:
6907:
6906:
6903:
6902:
6834:P. icterorhynchus
6754:P. griseostriatus
6720:Djibouti spurfowl
6710:Erckel's spurfowl
6694:P. castaneicollis
6680:Handsome spurfowl
6604:P. erythrorhyncha
6580:Jungle bush quail
6545:Barbary partridge
6495:Arabian partridge
6315:See-see partridge
6224:
6223:
6081:Chinese francolin
6071:Painted francolin
6016:Crested francolin
5865:
5864:
5686:
5685:
5499:
5498:
5495:
5494:
5442:Malayan partridge
5362:Siamese partridge
5312:Sichuan partridge
5256:Crested partridge
5168:
5167:
5164:
5163:
5160:
5159:
5119:L. i. hoogerwerfi
5095:Imperial pheasant
5055:Edward's pheasant
5035:Bulwer's pheasant
4820:Elliot's pheasant
4795:Tibetan partridge
4785:Daurian partridge
4749:
4748:
4700:
4699:
4691:T. pallidicinctus
4651:T. p. columbianus
4474:T. u. cantabricus
4316:Franklin's grouse
4276:
4275:
4214:
4213:
4175:
4174:
4066:T. melanocephalus
4016:
4015:
3977:
3976:
3828:978-81-208-0405-0
3679:978-0-8129-0721-6
3569:978-0-8122-5035-0
3508:978-90-04-52760-7
3404:"Birds, symbolic"
3269:978-3-86395-514-4
3194:978-3-447-10856-0
3159:978-1-84465-761-2
3144:. pp. 1–28.
2935:978-3-86395-514-4
2892:978-3-447-10856-0
2704:. 20 October 2021
2678:. 16 October 2021
2497:(16): 3035–3046.
2042:978-9941-401-86-2
1918:10.1063/1.1650059
1686:978-0-670-30044-0
1562:P. c. nigripennis
1484:
1483:
1476:
1458:
1129:Claudius Aelianus
980:, as well in his
976:, as seen in the
833:A green peafowl (
801:
731:eyespots (ocelli)
652:positive feedback
547:Bragg reflections
468:
405:. More recently,
343:within the tribe
310:
309:
134:
133:
16:(Redirected from
8962:
8920:
8919:
8907:
8906:
8894:
8893:
8881:
8880:
8868:
8867:
8855:
8854:
8842:
8841:
8829:
8828:
8816:
8815:
8803:
8802:
8790:
8789:
8777:
8776:
8764:
8763:
8751:
8750:
8741:
8740:
8728:
8727:
8725:E9125492E257513A
8715:
8714:
8702:
8701:
8689:
8688:
8687:
8674:
8673:
8672:
8646:
8645:
8633:
8632:
8620:
8619:
8607:
8606:
8594:
8593:
8581:
8580:
8568:
8567:
8555:
8554:
8552:NHMSYS0020789024
8542:
8541:
8529:
8528:
8516:
8515:
8503:
8502:
8490:
8489:
8477:
8476:
8464:
8463:
8451:
8450:
8438:
8437:
8428:
8427:
8415:
8414:
8412:990B91710EE7388F
8402:
8401:
8389:
8388:
8376:
8375:
8374:
8361:
8360:
8359:
8333:
8332:
8320:
8319:
8307:
8306:
8294:
8293:
8281:
8280:
8268:
8267:
8258:
8257:
8248:
8247:
8235:
8234:
8222:
8221:
8219:NHMSYS0001689593
8209:
8208:
8196:
8195:
8183:
8182:
8170:
8169:
8157:
8156:
8144:
8143:
8131:
8130:
8118:
8117:
8105:
8104:
8092:
8091:
8079:
8078:
8069:
8068:
8056:
8055:
8043:
8042:
8040:A8C34DC9655204ED
8030:
8029:
8017:
8016:
8004:
8003:
7991:
7990:
7989:
7976:
7975:
7974:
7948:
7947:
7935:
7934:
7922:
7921:
7909:
7908:
7896:
7895:
7883:
7882:
7870:
7869:
7857:
7856:
7844:
7843:
7842:
7829:
7828:
7827:
7801:
7800:
7788:
7787:
7775:
7774:
7762:
7761:
7749:
7748:
7739:
7738:
7726:
7725:
7723:NHMSYS0020930354
7713:
7712:
7700:
7699:
7687:
7686:
7674:
7673:
7661:
7660:
7648:
7647:
7635:
7634:
7622:
7621:
7609:
7608:
7607:
7594:
7593:
7592:
7562:
7098:
6949:
6942:
6935:
6926:
6525:Chukar partridge
6499:A. melanocephala
6434:C. coromandelica
6319:A. griseogularis
6280:Tibetan snowcock
6260:Caspian snowcock
6236:
6030:O. pondicerianus
5966:Green junglefowl
5877:
5747:Painted spurfowl
5698:
5529:
5519:
5505:
5452:Roll's partridge
5416:A. brunneopectus
5392:Taiwan partridge
5382:Hainan partridge
5356:A.a rubrirostris
5188:
5174:
5085:Crested fireback
5045:Siamese fireback
4959:Catreus wallichi
4860:Reeve's pheasant
4761:
4712:
4521:L. mlokosiewiczi
4517:Caucasian grouse
4403:Willow ptarmigan
4292:
4261:
4250:Ocellated turkey
4226:
4201:Koklass pheasant
4187:
4062:Western tragopan
4052:Cabot's tragopan
4042:Blyth's tragopan
4028:
3989:
3950:
3940:
3926:
3879:
3872:
3865:
3856:
3846:
3832:
3799:
3798:
3788:
3782:
3781:
3779:
3777:
3762:
3756:
3755:
3753:
3751:
3731:
3725:
3715:
3709:
3708:
3697:Pavo nigripennis
3690:
3684:
3683:
3667:
3657:
3651:
3645:
3639:
3638:
3636:
3634:
3619:
3613:
3607:
3601:
3600:
3580:
3574:
3573:
3553:
3547:
3546:
3522:
3513:
3512:
3486:
3480:
3479:
3459:
3450:
3449:
3429:
3423:
3422:
3406:
3398:
3392:
3386:
3380:
3379:
3377:
3375:
3356:
3350:
3349:
3347:
3345:
3326:
3320:
3319:
3304:Drower, Ethel S.
3300:
3294:
3293:
3291:
3289:
3245:
3236:
3235:
3233:
3231:
3213:
3207:
3206:
3178:
3172:
3171:
3122:
3116:
3115:
3113:
3111:
3091:
3063:
3057:
3056:
3001:Brill Publishers
2979:
2970:
2969:
2967:
2965:
2954:
2948:
2947:
2911:
2905:
2904:
2885:. Harrassowitz.
2876:
2870:
2869:
2867:
2865:
2850:
2841:
2840:
2838:
2836:
2821:
2815:
2814:
2806:
2800:
2794:
2788:
2787:
2785:
2783:
2768:
2762:
2761:
2759:
2757:
2737:
2731:
2720:
2714:
2713:
2711:
2709:
2694:
2688:
2687:
2685:
2683:
2672:"Indian Peafowl"
2668:
2662:
2661:
2656:. Archived from
2646:
2640:
2639:
2627:
2621:
2620:
2619:on 2 March 2010.
2615:. Archived from
2605:
2599:
2598:
2570:
2564:
2563:
2531:
2525:
2524:
2514:
2482:
2476:
2475:
2473:
2464:(5): 1048–1057.
2449:
2443:
2442:
2419:Animal Behaviour
2414:
2408:
2407:
2375:
2369:
2368:
2366:
2364:
2358:
2352:. Archived from
2335:
2309:
2300:
2294:
2280:
2274:
2273:
2250:Animal Behaviour
2241:
2235:
2234:
2211:Animal Behaviour
2206:
2200:
2187:
2181:
2180:
2178:
2176:
2156:
2150:
2136:
2130:
2129:
2119:
2095:
2089:
2088:
2071:(4): 1209–1219.
2065:Animal Behaviour
2056:
2047:
2046:
2026:
2020:
2019:
2017:
2015:
1988:Academia Letters
1980:Jordania, Joseph
1976:
1970:
1969:
1963:
1955:
1953:
1944:(6): 1123–1131.
1929:
1923:
1922:
1920:
1888:
1882:
1881:
1871:
1853:
1821:
1815:
1814:
1812:
1810:
1790:
1784:
1783:
1763:
1757:
1756:
1754:
1752:
1731:
1725:
1724:
1722:
1720:
1697:
1691:
1690:
1678:
1668:
1479:
1472:
1468:
1465:
1459:
1457:
1416:
1392:
1384:
1367:
1357:
1354:
1348:
1334:
1331:
1325:
1302:
1279:
1260:
1240:
1224:
1056:creation stories
1008:Sinhalese people
803:
802:
779:
695:honest indicator
590:sexual selection
575:Sexual selection
469:
409:proposed in his
403:sexual selection
251:Groups included
166:
165:
144:
127:
126:
56:
49:Temporal range:
48:
43:
21:
8970:
8969:
8965:
8964:
8963:
8961:
8960:
8959:
8930:
8929:
8928:
8923:
8915:
8910:
8902:
8897:
8889:
8884:
8876:
8873:Observation.org
8871:
8863:
8858:
8850:
8845:
8837:
8832:
8824:
8819:
8811:
8806:
8798:
8793:
8785:
8780:
8772:
8767:
8759:
8754:
8746:
8744:
8736:
8731:
8723:
8718:
8710:
8705:
8697:
8692:
8683:
8682:
8677:
8668:
8667:
8662:
8649:
8641:
8636:
8628:
8623:
8615:
8610:
8602:
8597:
8589:
8584:
8576:
8573:Observation.org
8571:
8563:
8558:
8550:
8545:
8537:
8532:
8524:
8519:
8511:
8506:
8498:
8493:
8485:
8480:
8472:
8467:
8459:
8454:
8446:
8441:
8433:
8431:
8423:
8418:
8410:
8405:
8397:
8392:
8384:
8379:
8370:
8369:
8364:
8355:
8354:
8349:
8336:
8328:
8323:
8315:
8310:
8302:
8297:
8289:
8284:
8276:
8273:Observation.org
8271:
8263:
8261:
8253:
8251:
8243:
8238:
8230:
8225:
8217:
8212:
8204:
8199:
8191:
8186:
8178:
8173:
8165:
8160:
8152:
8147:
8139:
8134:
8126:
8121:
8113:
8108:
8100:
8095:
8087:
8082:
8074:
8072:
8064:
8059:
8051:
8046:
8038:
8033:
8025:
8020:
8012:
8007:
7999:
7994:
7985:
7984:
7979:
7970:
7969:
7964:
7951:
7943:
7938:
7930:
7925:
7917:
7912:
7904:
7899:
7891:
7886:
7878:
7873:
7865:
7860:
7852:
7847:
7838:
7837:
7832:
7823:
7822:
7817:
7804:
7796:
7791:
7783:
7778:
7770:
7765:
7757:
7752:
7744:
7742:
7734:
7729:
7721:
7716:
7708:
7703:
7695:
7690:
7682:
7677:
7669:
7664:
7656:
7651:
7643:
7638:
7630:
7625:
7617:
7612:
7603:
7602:
7597:
7588:
7587:
7582:
7569:
7559:
7554:
7528:
7410:
7372:
7142:
7099:
7090:
6962:
6953:
6923:
6918:
6899:
6814:P. bicalcaratus
6804:P. hildebrandti
6740:Ahanta spurfowl
6674:P. camerunensis
6644:
6639:O. superciliosa
6635:Himalayan quail
6619:
6614:P. manipurensis
6590:Rock bush quail
6564:
6479:
6440:Harlequin quail
6414:
6409:M. madagarensis
6389:
6354:S. ypsilophorus
6334:
6299:
6274:T. himalayensis
6220:
6165:S. levaillantii
6155:S. streptophora
6135:
6106:Coqui francolin
6090:
6061:Black francolin
6045:
6036:Swamp francolin
6000:
5975:
5956:Grey junglefowl
5920:
5861:
5786:P. bicalcaratum
5766:
5721:
5716:H. sanguiniceps
5693:Polyplectronini
5682:
5647:
5612:
5587:
5562:
5513:
5491:
5396:A. crudigularis
5288:
5279:Black partridge
5265:
5242:
5219:
5214:X. udzungwensis
5182:
5156:
5137:Silver pheasant
5131:L. leucomelanos
5019:
4994:C. crossoptilon
4964:
4939:
4920:Common pheasant
4904:
4895:Golden pheasant
4869:
4854:S. soemmerringi
4850:Copper pheasant
4840:Mikado pheasant
4804:
4745:
4736:Dulit partridge
4730:R. longirostris
4696:
4679:T. c. attwateri
4641:T. phasianellus
4621:
4612:Gunnison grouse
4606:C. urophasianus
4586:
4561:
4526:
4491:
4486:T. urogalloides
4444:
4387:
4352:
4343:Siberian grouse
4327:
4285:
4272:
4210:
4171:
4152:Sclater's monal
4142:Himalayan monal
4126:
4091:
4012:
3973:
3934:
3920:
3888:
3883:
3839:
3829:
3811:
3808:
3806:Further reading
3803:
3802:
3790:
3789:
3785:
3775:
3773:
3764:
3763:
3759:
3749:
3747:
3733:
3732:
3728:
3716:
3712:
3692:
3691:
3687:
3680:
3659:
3658:
3654:
3646:
3642:
3632:
3630:
3621:
3620:
3616:
3608:
3604:
3597:
3582:
3581:
3577:
3570:
3555:
3554:
3550:
3524:
3523:
3516:
3509:
3488:
3487:
3483:
3476:
3461:
3460:
3453:
3431:
3430:
3426:
3419:
3400:
3399:
3395:
3387:
3383:
3373:
3371:
3358:
3357:
3353:
3343:
3341:
3328:
3327:
3323:
3302:
3301:
3297:
3287:
3285:
3270:
3247:
3246:
3239:
3229:
3227:
3222:. p. 183.
3215:
3214:
3210:
3195:
3180:
3179:
3175:
3160:
3124:
3123:
3119:
3109:
3107:
3100:
3065:
3064:
3060:
2981:
2980:
2973:
2963:
2961:
2960:. 13 April 2021
2956:
2955:
2951:
2936:
2913:
2912:
2908:
2893:
2878:
2877:
2873:
2863:
2861:
2852:
2851:
2844:
2834:
2832:
2823:
2822:
2818:
2808:
2807:
2803:
2795:
2791:
2781:
2779:
2770:
2769:
2765:
2755:
2753:
2739:
2738:
2734:
2721:
2717:
2707:
2705:
2696:
2695:
2691:
2681:
2679:
2670:
2669:
2665:
2660:on 11 May 2014.
2648:
2647:
2643:
2629:
2628:
2624:
2607:
2606:
2602:
2572:
2571:
2567:
2533:
2532:
2528:
2484:
2483:
2479:
2451:
2450:
2446:
2416:
2415:
2411:
2377:
2376:
2372:
2362:
2360:
2356:
2333:10.1.1.586.3819
2307:
2302:
2301:
2297:
2281:
2277:
2243:
2242:
2238:
2208:
2207:
2203:
2197:Wayback Machine
2188:
2184:
2174:
2172:
2159:Jacobs, Merle.
2158:
2157:
2153:
2147:Wayback Machine
2137:
2133:
2097:
2096:
2092:
2058:
2057:
2050:
2043:
2028:
2027:
2023:
2013:
2011:
1996:10.20935/AL3534
1978:
1977:
1973:
1956:
1931:
1930:
1926:
1890:
1889:
1885:
1823:
1822:
1818:
1808:
1806:
1792:
1791:
1787:
1765:
1764:
1760:
1750:
1748:
1735:Darwin, Charles
1733:
1732:
1728:
1718:
1716:
1699:
1698:
1694:
1687:
1670:
1669:
1665:
1660:
1635:as much as for
1602:Gaius Petronius
1578:
1480:
1469:
1463:
1460:
1417:
1415:
1405:
1393:
1382:
1375:
1368:
1359:
1355:
1349:
1340:
1337:Brooklyn Museum
1332:
1326:
1317:
1303:
1294:
1280:
1271:
1261:
1252:
1241:
1232:
1225:
1205:
1189:
1177:
1160:
1105:
1091:, the Mandaean
1083:
1052:Yazidi religion
1048:
1043:
970:Seleucid Empire
887:
882:
827:
818:
817:
809:
807:
806:
805:
804:
796:
793:
783:
777:
755:Peacock sitting
749:
740:
719:
623:
617:
604:
577:
572:
563:
532:
522:
460:
426:
384:covert feathers
160:
135:
125:
124:
123:
122:
117:
112:
107:
102:
97:
92:
87:
82:
77:
72:
67:
62:
51:
50:
39:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
8968:
8966:
8958:
8957:
8952:
8947:
8942:
8932:
8931:
8925:
8924:
8922:
8921:
8908:
8895:
8882:
8869:
8856:
8843:
8830:
8817:
8804:
8791:
8778:
8765:
8752:
8742:
8729:
8716:
8703:
8690:
8675:
8659:
8657:
8651:
8650:
8648:
8647:
8634:
8621:
8608:
8595:
8582:
8569:
8556:
8543:
8530:
8517:
8504:
8491:
8478:
8465:
8452:
8439:
8429:
8416:
8403:
8390:
8377:
8362:
8346:
8344:
8338:
8337:
8335:
8334:
8330:Pavo-cristatus
8321:
8308:
8295:
8282:
8269:
8259:
8249:
8236:
8223:
8210:
8197:
8184:
8171:
8158:
8145:
8132:
8119:
8106:
8093:
8080:
8070:
8057:
8044:
8031:
8027:pavo-cristatus
8018:
8014:Pavo_cristatus
8005:
8001:Pavo_cristatus
7992:
7987:Pavo cristatus
7977:
7961:
7959:
7957:Pavo cristatus
7953:
7952:
7950:
7949:
7936:
7923:
7910:
7897:
7884:
7871:
7858:
7845:
7830:
7814:
7812:
7806:
7805:
7803:
7802:
7789:
7776:
7763:
7750:
7740:
7727:
7714:
7701:
7688:
7675:
7662:
7649:
7636:
7623:
7610:
7595:
7579:
7577:
7571:
7570:
7565:
7556:
7555:
7553:
7552:
7547:
7542:
7536:
7534:
7530:
7529:
7527:
7526:
7525:
7524:
7519:
7514:
7508:Organisations
7506:
7505:
7504:
7499:
7491:
7490:
7489:
7484:
7479:
7474:
7469:
7464:
7459:
7454:
7449:
7444:
7439:
7434:
7418:
7416:
7412:
7411:
7409:
7408:
7407:
7406:
7396:
7391:
7386:
7380:
7378:
7374:
7373:
7371:
7370:
7369:
7368:
7363:
7355:
7354:
7353:
7348:
7343:
7335:
7330:
7329:
7328:
7323:
7318:
7316:Animated films
7313:
7306:
7299:
7289:
7288:
7287:
7280:
7273:
7263:
7262:
7261:
7254:
7249:
7242:
7232:
7231:
7230:
7223:
7218:
7213:
7203:
7202:
7201:
7196:
7191:
7189:Gallic rooster
7186:
7181:
7176:
7166:
7165:
7164:
7162:Feather tights
7159:
7150:
7148:
7144:
7143:
7141:
7140:
7135:
7130:
7125:
7120:
7115:
7109:
7107:
7101:
7100:
7093:
7091:
7089:
7088:
7087:
7086:
7081:
7076:
7071:
7063:
7062:
7061:
7056:
7051:
7043:
7042:
7041:
7036:
7034:Model organism
7028:
7027:
7026:
7021:
7016:
7011:
7003:
6998:
6993:
6992:
6991:
6986:
6976:
6970:
6968:
6964:
6963:
6954:
6952:
6951:
6944:
6937:
6929:
6920:
6919:
6916:
6913:
6912:
6909:
6908:
6905:
6904:
6901:
6900:
6898:
6897:
6887:
6877:
6874:P. leucoscepus
6867:
6857:
6847:
6844:P. clappertoni
6837:
6827:
6820:Scaly spurfowl
6817:
6807:
6797:
6790:Natal spurfowl
6787:
6777:
6767:
6757:
6747:
6737:
6727:
6724:P. ochropectus
6717:
6707:
6697:
6687:
6677:
6667:
6656:
6654:
6646:
6645:
6643:
6642:
6631:
6629:
6621:
6620:
6618:
6617:
6607:
6597:
6587:
6576:
6574:
6566:
6565:
6563:
6562:
6552:
6542:
6532:
6522:
6515:Rock partridge
6512:
6502:
6491:
6489:
6481:
6480:
6478:
6477:
6467:
6460:Japanese quail
6457:
6447:
6444:C. delegorguei
6437:
6426:
6424:
6416:
6415:
6413:
6412:
6401:
6399:
6391:
6390:
6388:
6387:
6377:
6367:
6364:S. monorthonyx
6357:
6346:
6344:
6336:
6335:
6333:
6332:
6325:Sand partridge
6322:
6311:
6309:
6301:
6300:
6298:
6297:
6290:Altai snowcock
6287:
6277:
6267:
6257:
6246:
6244:
6233:
6226:
6225:
6222:
6221:
6219:
6218:
6208:
6198:
6188:
6178:
6168:
6158:
6147:
6145:
6137:
6136:
6134:
6133:
6123:
6120:C. albogularis
6113:
6102:
6100:
6092:
6091:
6089:
6088:
6085:F. pintadeanus
6078:
6068:
6065:F. francolinus
6057:
6055:
6047:
6046:
6044:
6043:
6033:
6026:Grey francolin
6023:
6012:
6010:
6002:
6001:
5999:
5998:
5987:
5985:
5977:
5976:
5974:
5973:
5963:
5953:
5943:
5936:Red junglefowl
5932:
5930:
5922:
5921:
5919:
5918:
5908:
5898:
5887:
5885:
5874:
5867:
5866:
5863:
5862:
5860:
5859:
5849:
5839:
5829:
5819:
5809:
5799:
5789:
5778:
5776:
5768:
5767:
5765:
5764:
5761:G. bicalcarata
5754:
5744:
5733:
5731:
5723:
5722:
5720:
5719:
5708:
5706:
5695:
5688:
5687:
5684:
5683:
5681:
5680:
5670:
5659:
5657:
5649:
5648:
5646:
5645:
5635:
5628:Indian peafowl
5624:
5622:
5614:
5613:
5611:
5610:
5599:
5597:
5589:
5588:
5586:
5585:
5574:
5572:
5564:
5563:
5561:
5560:
5550:
5539:
5537:
5526:
5515:
5514:
5508:
5501:
5500:
5497:
5496:
5493:
5492:
5490:
5489:
5479:
5469:
5459:
5449:
5439:
5429:
5419:
5409:
5406:A. atrogularis
5399:
5389:
5379:
5369:
5359:
5349:
5346:A. rufogularis
5339:
5329:
5319:
5309:
5302:Hill partridge
5298:
5296:
5290:
5289:
5287:
5286:
5275:
5273:
5267:
5266:
5264:
5263:
5252:
5250:
5244:
5243:
5241:
5240:
5229:
5227:
5221:
5220:
5218:
5217:
5207:
5196:
5194:
5184:
5183:
5177:
5170:
5169:
5166:
5165:
5162:
5161:
5158:
5157:
5155:
5154:
5144:
5134:
5127:Kalij pheasant
5124:
5123:
5122:
5102:
5092:
5082:
5079:L. hatinhensis
5072:
5062:
5052:
5042:
5031:
5029:
5021:
5020:
5018:
5017:
5014:C.mantchuricum
5007:
4997:
4987:
4976:
4974:
4966:
4965:
4963:
4962:
4955:Cheer pheasant
4951:
4949:
4941:
4940:
4938:
4937:
4930:Green pheasant
4927:
4916:
4914:
4906:
4905:
4903:
4902:
4892:
4881:
4879:
4871:
4870:
4868:
4867:
4857:
4847:
4837:
4827:
4816:
4814:
4806:
4805:
4803:
4802:
4792:
4782:
4775:Grey partridge
4771:
4769:
4758:
4751:
4750:
4747:
4746:
4744:
4743:
4733:
4722:
4720:
4709:
4702:
4701:
4698:
4697:
4695:
4694:
4684:
4683:
4682:
4672:
4656:
4655:
4654:
4633:
4631:
4623:
4622:
4620:
4619:
4609:
4598:
4596:
4588:
4587:
4585:
4584:
4573:
4571:
4563:
4562:
4560:
4559:
4552:Chinese grouse
4549:
4538:
4536:
4528:
4527:
4525:
4524:
4514:
4503:
4501:
4493:
4492:
4490:
4489:
4479:
4478:
4477:
4456:
4454:
4446:
4445:
4443:
4442:
4432:
4425:Rock ptarmigan
4422:
4421:
4420:
4399:
4397:
4389:
4388:
4386:
4385:
4382:D. fuliginosus
4375:
4364:
4362:
4354:
4353:
4351:
4350:
4347:F. falcipennis
4339:
4337:
4329:
4328:
4326:
4325:
4324:
4323:
4302:
4300:
4289:
4278:
4277:
4274:
4273:
4271:
4270:
4267:M. californica
4257:
4247:
4236:
4234:
4223:
4216:
4215:
4212:
4211:
4209:
4208:
4197:
4195:
4184:
4177:
4176:
4173:
4172:
4170:
4169:
4159:
4149:
4138:
4136:
4128:
4127:
4125:
4124:
4114:
4103:
4101:
4093:
4092:
4090:
4089:
4079:
4072:Satyr tragopan
4069:
4059:
4049:
4038:
4036:
4025:
4018:
4017:
4014:
4013:
4011:
4010:
4003:Blood pheasant
3999:
3997:
3986:
3979:
3978:
3975:
3974:
3972:
3971:
3964:Snow partridge
3960:
3958:
3947:
3936:
3935:
3929:
3922:
3921:
3919:
3918:
3912:
3906:
3900:
3893:
3890:
3889:
3884:
3882:
3881:
3874:
3867:
3859:
3853:
3852:
3838:
3837:External links
3835:
3834:
3833:
3827:
3813:R. K. Mookerji
3807:
3804:
3801:
3800:
3783:
3766:"Fowl Recipes"
3757:
3726:
3710:
3685:
3678:
3652:
3640:
3614:
3602:
3595:
3575:
3568:
3548:
3514:
3507:
3481:
3474:
3451:
3424:
3417:
3393:
3381:
3351:
3321:
3295:
3268:
3237:
3208:
3193:
3173:
3158:
3117:
3098:
3058:
2971:
2949:
2934:
2906:
2891:
2871:
2856:(in Kurdish).
2842:
2816:
2801:
2789:
2778:. 1 March 2024
2763:
2732:
2728:978-9027976321
2715:
2689:
2663:
2641:
2622:
2600:
2565:
2546:(9): 810–820.
2536:Pavo cristatus
2526:
2477:
2444:
2409:
2390:(6): 552–557.
2380:Pavo cristatus
2370:
2318:(1): 205–214.
2295:
2275:
2236:
2217:(2): 323–331.
2201:
2182:
2165:NaturalSCIENCE
2151:
2131:
2110:(5): 379–384.
2090:
2048:
2041:
2021:
1971:
1924:
1883:
1816:
1785:
1774:(7): 247–248.
1758:
1726:
1692:
1685:
1662:
1661:
1659:
1656:
1642:From the 1864
1577:
1574:
1570:Charles Darwin
1566:P. nigripennis
1542:Pavo cristatus
1494:Indian peacock
1482:
1481:
1396:
1394:
1387:
1381:
1378:
1377:
1376:
1369:
1362:
1360:
1350:
1343:
1341:
1327:
1320:
1318:
1304:
1297:
1295:
1287:Carlo Crivelli
1281:
1274:
1272:
1262:
1255:
1253:
1242:
1235:
1233:
1226:
1219:
1204:
1201:
1188:
1185:
1181:Ashkenazi Jews
1176:
1173:
1159:
1156:
1136:Argus Panoptes
1104:
1103:Ancient Greece
1101:
1095:and emanation
1082:
1079:
1047:
1044:
1042:
1039:
990:Peacock Throne
954:Mauryan Empire
893:The Hindu god
886:
885:Indian peafowl
883:
881:
878:
826:
823:
808:
794:
789:Pavo cristatus
786:
785:
784:
775:
774:
773:
748:
745:
739:
736:
718:
715:
616:
613:
603:
600:
580:Charles Darwin
576:
573:
571:
568:
562:
559:
521:
518:
492:green peafowls
485:Pavo cristatus
425:
422:
399:Charles Darwin
364:Indian peafowl
347:of the family
308:
307:
306:
305:
298:
291:
281:
280:
273:
272:
271:
270:
263:
253:
252:
248:
247:
242:
238:
237:
232:
228:
227:
222:
218:
217:
212:
208:
207:
202:
198:
197:
192:
188:
187:
182:
178:
177:
172:
168:
167:
154:
153:
150:Indian peacock
146:
145:
137:
136:
120:
119:
118:
113:
108:
103:
98:
93:
88:
83:
78:
73:
68:
63:
58:
57:
47:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
8967:
8956:
8953:
8951:
8948:
8946:
8945:Birds of Asia
8943:
8941:
8938:
8937:
8935:
8918:
8913:
8909:
8905:
8900:
8896:
8892:
8887:
8883:
8879:
8874:
8870:
8866:
8861:
8857:
8853:
8848:
8844:
8840:
8835:
8831:
8827:
8822:
8818:
8814:
8809:
8805:
8801:
8796:
8792:
8788:
8783:
8779:
8775:
8770:
8766:
8762:
8757:
8753:
8749:
8743:
8739:
8734:
8730:
8726:
8721:
8717:
8713:
8708:
8704:
8700:
8695:
8691:
8686:
8680:
8676:
8671:
8665:
8661:
8660:
8658:
8656:
8652:
8644:
8639:
8635:
8631:
8626:
8622:
8618:
8613:
8609:
8605:
8600:
8596:
8592:
8587:
8583:
8579:
8574:
8570:
8566:
8561:
8557:
8553:
8548:
8544:
8540:
8535:
8531:
8527:
8522:
8518:
8514:
8509:
8505:
8501:
8496:
8492:
8488:
8483:
8479:
8475:
8470:
8466:
8462:
8457:
8453:
8449:
8444:
8440:
8436:
8430:
8426:
8421:
8417:
8413:
8408:
8404:
8400:
8395:
8391:
8387:
8382:
8378:
8373:
8367:
8363:
8358:
8352:
8348:
8347:
8345:
8343:
8339:
8331:
8326:
8322:
8318:
8313:
8309:
8305:
8300:
8296:
8292:
8287:
8283:
8279:
8274:
8270:
8266:
8260:
8256:
8250:
8246:
8241:
8237:
8233:
8228:
8224:
8220:
8215:
8211:
8207:
8202:
8198:
8194:
8189:
8185:
8181:
8176:
8172:
8168:
8163:
8159:
8155:
8150:
8146:
8142:
8137:
8133:
8129:
8124:
8120:
8116:
8111:
8107:
8103:
8098:
8094:
8090:
8085:
8081:
8077:
8071:
8067:
8062:
8058:
8054:
8049:
8045:
8041:
8036:
8032:
8028:
8023:
8019:
8015:
8010:
8006:
8002:
7997:
7993:
7988:
7982:
7978:
7973:
7967:
7963:
7962:
7960:
7958:
7954:
7946:
7941:
7937:
7933:
7928:
7924:
7920:
7915:
7911:
7907:
7902:
7898:
7894:
7889:
7885:
7881:
7876:
7872:
7868:
7863:
7859:
7855:
7850:
7846:
7841:
7835:
7831:
7826:
7820:
7816:
7815:
7813:
7811:
7807:
7799:
7794:
7790:
7786:
7781:
7777:
7773:
7768:
7764:
7760:
7755:
7751:
7747:
7741:
7737:
7732:
7728:
7724:
7719:
7715:
7711:
7706:
7702:
7698:
7693:
7689:
7685:
7680:
7676:
7672:
7667:
7663:
7659:
7654:
7650:
7646:
7641:
7637:
7633:
7628:
7624:
7620:
7615:
7611:
7606:
7600:
7596:
7591:
7585:
7581:
7580:
7578:
7576:
7572:
7568:
7563:
7551:
7550:Zoomusicology
7548:
7546:
7543:
7541:
7538:
7537:
7535:
7531:
7523:
7520:
7518:
7515:
7513:
7510:
7509:
7507:
7503:
7500:
7498:
7495:
7494:
7492:
7488:
7485:
7483:
7480:
7478:
7475:
7473:
7470:
7468:
7465:
7463:
7460:
7458:
7455:
7453:
7450:
7448:
7445:
7443:
7440:
7438:
7437:Thomas Bewick
7435:
7432:
7431:
7426:
7423:
7422:
7421:Illustrators
7420:
7419:
7417:
7413:
7405:
7402:
7401:
7400:
7397:
7395:
7392:
7390:
7387:
7385:
7382:
7381:
7379:
7375:
7367:
7366:Chicken dance
7364:
7362:
7359:
7358:
7356:
7352:
7351:Feather cloak
7349:
7347:
7344:
7342:
7339:
7338:
7336:
7334:
7331:
7327:
7324:
7322:
7321:Chicken films
7319:
7317:
7314:
7312:
7311:
7307:
7305:
7304:
7300:
7298:
7297:
7293:
7292:
7290:
7286:
7285:
7281:
7279:
7278:
7274:
7272:
7271:
7267:
7266:
7264:
7260:
7259:
7255:
7253:
7250:
7248:
7247:
7243:
7241:
7240:
7236:
7235:
7233:
7229:
7228:
7224:
7222:
7219:
7217:
7214:
7212:
7211:
7207:
7206:
7204:
7200:
7197:
7195:
7192:
7190:
7187:
7185:
7182:
7180:
7177:
7175:
7172:
7171:
7170:
7167:
7163:
7160:
7158:
7155:
7154:
7152:
7151:
7149:
7145:
7139:
7136:
7134:
7131:
7129:
7126:
7124:
7121:
7119:
7116:
7114:
7111:
7110:
7108:
7106:
7102:
7097:
7085:
7082:
7080:
7079:Plume hunting
7077:
7075:
7072:
7070:
7067:
7066:
7064:
7060:
7057:
7055:
7052:
7050:
7047:
7046:
7044:
7040:
7037:
7035:
7032:
7031:
7029:
7025:
7022:
7020:
7019:Pigeon racing
7017:
7015:
7012:
7010:
7007:
7006:
7004:
7002:
6999:
6997:
6994:
6990:
6987:
6985:
6982:
6981:
6980:
6977:
6975:
6972:
6971:
6969:
6965:
6961:
6957:
6950:
6945:
6943:
6938:
6936:
6931:
6930:
6927:
6914:
6895:
6891:
6888:
6885:
6884:P. rufopictus
6881:
6878:
6875:
6871:
6868:
6865:
6864:P. swainsonii
6861:
6858:
6855:
6851:
6848:
6845:
6841:
6838:
6835:
6831:
6828:
6825:
6821:
6818:
6815:
6811:
6808:
6805:
6801:
6798:
6795:
6794:P. natalensis
6791:
6788:
6785:
6781:
6780:Cape spurfowl
6778:
6775:
6771:
6768:
6765:
6761:
6758:
6755:
6751:
6748:
6745:
6744:P. ahantensis
6741:
6738:
6735:
6734:P. swierstrai
6731:
6728:
6725:
6721:
6718:
6715:
6711:
6708:
6705:
6701:
6698:
6695:
6691:
6688:
6685:
6681:
6678:
6675:
6671:
6668:
6665:
6661:
6658:
6657:
6655:
6653:
6652:
6647:
6640:
6636:
6633:
6632:
6630:
6628:
6627:
6622:
6615:
6611:
6608:
6605:
6601:
6598:
6595:
6591:
6588:
6585:
6581:
6578:
6577:
6575:
6573:
6572:
6567:
6560:
6556:
6553:
6550:
6546:
6543:
6540:
6536:
6533:
6530:
6526:
6523:
6520:
6516:
6513:
6510:
6506:
6503:
6500:
6496:
6493:
6492:
6490:
6488:
6487:
6482:
6475:
6474:C. pectoralis
6471:
6470:Stubble quail
6468:
6465:
6461:
6458:
6455:
6451:
6448:
6445:
6441:
6438:
6435:
6431:
6428:
6427:
6425:
6423:
6422:
6417:
6410:
6406:
6403:
6402:
6400:
6398:
6397:
6396:Margaroperdix
6392:
6385:
6381:
6378:
6375:
6371:
6368:
6365:
6361:
6358:
6355:
6351:
6348:
6347:
6345:
6343:
6342:
6337:
6330:
6326:
6323:
6320:
6316:
6313:
6312:
6310:
6308:
6307:
6302:
6295:
6291:
6288:
6285:
6281:
6278:
6275:
6271:
6268:
6265:
6261:
6258:
6255:
6254:T. caucasicus
6251:
6248:
6247:
6245:
6243:
6242:
6237:
6234:
6232:
6227:
6216:
6212:
6209:
6206:
6205:S. gutturalis
6202:
6199:
6196:
6192:
6189:
6186:
6185:S. psilolaema
6182:
6179:
6176:
6172:
6169:
6166:
6162:
6159:
6156:
6152:
6149:
6148:
6146:
6144:
6143:
6138:
6131:
6130:C. schlegelii
6127:
6124:
6121:
6117:
6114:
6111:
6107:
6104:
6103:
6101:
6099:
6098:
6093:
6086:
6082:
6079:
6076:
6072:
6069:
6066:
6062:
6059:
6058:
6056:
6054:
6053:
6048:
6041:
6037:
6034:
6031:
6027:
6024:
6021:
6017:
6014:
6013:
6011:
6009:
6008:
6003:
5996:
5992:
5989:
5988:
5986:
5984:
5983:
5978:
5971:
5967:
5964:
5961:
5960:G. sonneratii
5957:
5954:
5951:
5947:
5944:
5941:
5937:
5934:
5933:
5931:
5929:
5928:
5923:
5916:
5912:
5909:
5906:
5905:B. thoracicus
5902:
5899:
5896:
5892:
5889:
5888:
5886:
5884:
5883:
5878:
5875:
5873:
5868:
5857:
5853:
5850:
5847:
5843:
5840:
5837:
5836:P. katsumatae
5833:
5830:
5827:
5826:P. inopinatum
5823:
5820:
5817:
5813:
5810:
5807:
5803:
5800:
5797:
5793:
5790:
5787:
5783:
5780:
5779:
5777:
5775:
5774:
5769:
5762:
5758:
5755:
5752:
5748:
5745:
5742:
5738:
5735:
5734:
5732:
5730:
5729:
5724:
5717:
5713:
5710:
5709:
5707:
5705:
5704:
5699:
5696:
5694:
5689:
5678:
5674:
5671:
5668:
5667:T. charltonii
5664:
5661:
5660:
5658:
5656:
5655:
5654:Tropicoperdix
5650:
5643:
5639:
5638:Green peafowl
5636:
5633:
5629:
5626:
5625:
5623:
5621:
5620:
5615:
5608:
5604:
5603:Congo peafowl
5601:
5600:
5598:
5596:
5595:
5590:
5583:
5579:
5576:
5575:
5573:
5571:
5570:
5565:
5558:
5557:R. nigrescens
5554:
5551:
5548:
5544:
5541:
5540:
5538:
5536:
5535:
5530:
5527:
5525:
5520:
5516:
5512:
5506:
5502:
5487:
5486:A. orientalis
5483:
5480:
5477:
5473:
5470:
5467:
5463:
5460:
5457:
5453:
5450:
5447:
5443:
5440:
5437:
5436:A. hyperythra
5433:
5430:
5427:
5423:
5420:
5417:
5413:
5410:
5407:
5403:
5400:
5397:
5393:
5390:
5387:
5383:
5380:
5377:
5376:A. cambodiana
5373:
5370:
5367:
5363:
5360:
5357:
5353:
5350:
5347:
5343:
5340:
5337:
5333:
5330:
5327:
5323:
5320:
5317:
5316:A. rufipectus
5313:
5310:
5307:
5303:
5300:
5299:
5297:
5295:
5291:
5284:
5280:
5277:
5276:
5274:
5272:
5268:
5261:
5257:
5254:
5253:
5251:
5249:
5245:
5238:
5234:
5231:
5230:
5228:
5226:
5222:
5215:
5211:
5208:
5205:
5204:X. obscuratus
5201:
5198:
5197:
5195:
5193:
5189:
5185:
5181:
5175:
5171:
5152:
5148:
5145:
5142:
5141:L. nycthemera
5138:
5135:
5132:
5128:
5125:
5120:
5116:
5113:
5112:
5110:
5106:
5103:
5100:
5099:L. imperialis
5096:
5093:
5090:
5086:
5083:
5080:
5076:
5073:
5070:
5066:
5063:
5060:
5056:
5053:
5050:
5046:
5043:
5040:
5036:
5033:
5032:
5030:
5028:
5027:
5022:
5015:
5011:
5008:
5005:
5001:
4998:
4995:
4991:
4988:
4985:
4981:
4978:
4977:
4975:
4973:
4972:
4967:
4960:
4956:
4953:
4952:
4950:
4948:
4947:
4942:
4935:
4934:P. versicolor
4931:
4928:
4925:
4921:
4918:
4917:
4915:
4913:
4912:
4907:
4900:
4896:
4893:
4890:
4889:C. amherstiae
4886:
4883:
4882:
4880:
4878:
4877:
4872:
4865:
4861:
4858:
4855:
4851:
4848:
4845:
4841:
4838:
4835:
4831:
4828:
4825:
4821:
4818:
4817:
4815:
4813:
4812:
4807:
4800:
4799:P. hodgsoniae
4796:
4793:
4790:
4786:
4783:
4780:
4776:
4773:
4772:
4770:
4768:
4767:
4762:
4759:
4757:
4752:
4741:
4740:R. dulitensis
4737:
4734:
4731:
4727:
4724:
4723:
4721:
4719:
4718:
4713:
4710:
4708:
4703:
4692:
4688:
4685:
4680:
4676:
4673:
4670:
4667:
4666:
4664:
4660:
4657:
4652:
4648:
4645:
4644:
4642:
4638:
4635:
4634:
4632:
4630:
4629:
4624:
4617:
4613:
4610:
4607:
4603:
4600:
4599:
4597:
4595:
4594:
4589:
4582:
4578:
4577:Ruffed grouse
4575:
4574:
4572:
4570:
4569:
4564:
4557:
4553:
4550:
4547:
4543:
4540:
4539:
4537:
4535:
4534:
4529:
4522:
4518:
4515:
4512:
4508:
4505:
4504:
4502:
4500:
4499:
4494:
4487:
4483:
4480:
4475:
4471:
4468:
4467:
4465:
4461:
4458:
4457:
4455:
4453:
4452:
4447:
4440:
4436:
4433:
4430:
4426:
4423:
4418:
4417:L. l. scotica
4414:
4411:
4410:
4408:
4404:
4401:
4400:
4398:
4396:
4395:
4390:
4383:
4379:
4376:
4373:
4369:
4366:
4365:
4363:
4361:
4360:
4355:
4348:
4344:
4341:
4340:
4338:
4336:
4335:
4330:
4321:
4317:
4314:
4313:
4311:
4310:C. canadensis
4307:
4306:Spruce grouse
4304:
4303:
4301:
4299:
4298:
4293:
4290:
4288:
4284:
4279:
4268:
4264:
4258:
4255:
4251:
4248:
4245:
4241:
4238:
4237:
4235:
4233:
4232:
4227:
4224:
4222:
4217:
4206:
4205:P. macrolopha
4202:
4199:
4198:
4196:
4194:
4193:
4188:
4185:
4183:
4178:
4167:
4163:
4162:Chinese monal
4160:
4157:
4153:
4150:
4147:
4143:
4140:
4139:
4137:
4135:
4134:
4129:
4122:
4121:T. szechenyii
4118:
4115:
4112:
4108:
4105:
4104:
4102:
4100:
4099:
4094:
4087:
4086:T. temminckii
4083:
4080:
4077:
4073:
4070:
4067:
4063:
4060:
4057:
4053:
4050:
4047:
4043:
4040:
4039:
4037:
4035:
4034:
4029:
4026:
4024:
4019:
4008:
4004:
4001:
4000:
3998:
3996:
3995:
3990:
3987:
3985:
3980:
3969:
3965:
3962:
3961:
3959:
3957:
3956:
3951:
3948:
3946:
3941:
3937:
3933:
3927:
3923:
3917:
3913:
3911:
3907:
3905:
3901:
3899:
3895:
3894:
3891:
3887:
3880:
3875:
3873:
3868:
3866:
3861:
3860:
3857:
3850:
3845:
3841:
3840:
3836:
3830:
3824:
3820:
3819:
3814:
3810:
3809:
3805:
3796:
3795:
3787:
3784:
3771:
3767:
3761:
3758:
3745:
3741:
3737:
3730:
3727:
3724:
3720:
3714:
3711:
3706:
3705:
3700:
3698:
3689:
3686:
3681:
3675:
3671:
3666:
3665:
3656:
3653:
3650:
3644:
3641:
3628:
3624:
3618:
3615:
3612:
3606:
3603:
3598:
3596:0-7195-4954-X
3592:
3588:
3587:
3579:
3576:
3571:
3565:
3561:
3560:
3552:
3549:
3544:
3540:
3536:
3532:
3528:
3521:
3519:
3515:
3510:
3504:
3500:
3496:
3492:
3485:
3482:
3477:
3475:0-8160-1049-8
3471:
3467:
3466:
3458:
3456:
3452:
3447:
3443:
3439:
3435:
3428:
3425:
3420:
3418:0-19-860966-3
3414:
3410:
3405:
3397:
3394:
3390:
3385:
3382:
3369:
3365:
3361:
3355:
3352:
3339:
3335:
3331:
3325:
3322:
3318:. p. 52.
3317:
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3309:
3305:
3299:
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3279:
3275:
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3265:
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3143:
3139:
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3131:
3127:
3121:
3118:
3105:
3101:
3099:9780199340378
3095:
3090:
3085:
3081:
3077:
3073:
3069:
3068:"The Yazidis"
3062:
3059:
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2799:, p. 14.
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2655:
2654:pawnation.com
2651:
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2022:
2009:
2005:
2001:
1997:
1993:
1989:
1985:
1981:
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1972:
1967:
1961:
1952:
1947:
1943:
1939:
1935:
1928:
1925:
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1897:Physics Today
1894:
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1736:
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1727:
1714:
1710:
1709:San Diego Zoo
1706:
1702:
1696:
1693:
1688:
1682:
1677:
1676:
1667:
1664:
1657:
1654:
1649:
1647:
1646:
1640:
1639:consumption.
1638:
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1630:
1626:
1622:
1618:
1614:
1609:
1607:
1603:
1599:
1591:
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1449:
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1435:
1432:
1428:
1425: –
1424:
1420:
1419:Find sources:
1413:
1409:
1403:
1402:
1397:This section
1395:
1391:
1386:
1385:
1379:
1373:
1366:
1361:
1347:
1342:
1338:
1324:
1319:
1316:
1312:
1308:
1307:Abbott Thayer
1301:
1296:
1292:
1288:
1284:
1278:
1273:
1269:
1265:
1259:
1254:
1250:
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1239:
1234:
1230:
1223:
1218:
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1200:
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1194:
1186:
1184:
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1137:
1132:
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1126:
1122:
1118:
1109:
1102:
1100:
1098:
1094:
1090:
1089:
1080:
1078:
1076:
1071:
1067:
1065:
1061:
1060:Divine Beings
1057:
1053:
1045:
1040:
1038:
1036:
1031:
1029:
1025:
1021:
1015:
1013:
1009:
1005:
1002:
998:
993:
991:
987:
983:
979:
975:
971:
967:
963:
959:
955:
951:
947:
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920:
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904:
896:
891:
884:
879:
877:
875:
869:
867:
862:
858:
854:
850:
846:
838:
837:
831:
824:
822:
816:
814:
792:
790:
772:
770:
769:intraspecific
766:
762:
753:
746:
744:
737:
735:
732:
723:
716:
714:
712:
706:
704:
700:
699:Ronald Fisher
696:
692:
688:
679:
675:
672:
668:
662:
659:
655:
653:
649:
645:
641:
635:
627:
622:
615:Female choice
614:
612:
609:
601:
598:
593:
591:
587:
586:
582:suggested in
581:
574:
569:
567:
560:
558:
556:
552:
548:
545:
541:
537:
531:
527:
519:
517:
513:
510:
508:
504:
503:Congo peacock
499:
497:
493:
488:
486:
477:
454:
446:
438:
430:
423:
421:
418:
416:
412:
408:
404:
400:
396:
391:
389:
385:
381:
377:
376:Congo peafowl
373:
372:green peafowl
369:
365:
360:
358:
354:
350:
346:
342:
341:
336:
335:
330:
322:
314:
304:
303:
302:Tropicoperdix
299:
297:
296:
292:
290:
289:
285:
284:
282:
278:
277:Cladistically
274:
269:
268:
264:
262:
261:
257:
256:
254:
249:
246:
243:
240:
239:
236:
233:
230:
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220:
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155:
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147:
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131:
116:
111:
106:
101:
96:
91:
86:
81:
76:
71:
66:
61:
55:
44:
41:
37:
33:
19:
8654:
8643:Pavo-muticus
8399:pavo-muticus
8386:Pavo_muticus
8372:Pavo muticus
8342:Pavo muticus
8341:
7956:
7809:
7574:
7497:Niels Krabbe
7447:Lars Jonsson
7428:
7384:Golden eagle
7326:Horror films
7310:The Big Year
7308:
7301:
7294:
7284:The Firebird
7282:
7275:
7268:
7256:
7244:
7237:
7225:
7221:To a Skylark
7208:
7009:Cockfighting
6979:Birdwatching
6893:
6883:
6873:
6863:
6853:
6843:
6833:
6824:P. squamatus
6823:
6813:
6803:
6793:
6783:
6774:P. adspersus
6773:
6763:
6753:
6743:
6733:
6723:
6713:
6704:P. atrifrons
6703:
6693:
6683:
6673:
6664:P. hartlaubi
6663:
6649:
6638:
6624:
6613:
6603:
6594:P. argoondah
6593:
6583:
6569:
6558:
6548:
6538:
6528:
6518:
6508:
6498:
6484:
6473:
6463:
6453:
6450:Common quail
6443:
6433:
6419:
6408:
6394:
6384:S. chinensis
6383:
6374:S. adansonii
6373:
6363:
6353:
6339:
6328:
6318:
6304:
6293:
6284:T. tibetanus
6283:
6273:
6263:
6253:
6241:Tetraogallus
6239:
6214:
6204:
6194:
6184:
6174:
6164:
6154:
6140:
6129:
6119:
6109:
6097:Campocolinus
6095:
6084:
6074:
6064:
6050:
6039:
6029:
6019:
6005:
5994:
5980:
5969:
5959:
5950:G. lafayetii
5949:
5939:
5925:
5915:B. sonorivox
5914:
5904:
5894:
5880:
5855:
5846:P. malacense
5845:
5835:
5825:
5815:
5805:
5796:P. chalcurum
5795:
5785:
5773:Polyplectron
5771:
5760:
5750:
5740:
5737:Red spurfowl
5726:
5715:
5701:
5677:T. chloropus
5676:
5666:
5652:
5641:
5632:P. cristatus
5631:
5617:
5607:A. congensis
5606:
5592:
5581:
5567:
5556:
5546:
5532:
5485:
5475:
5466:A. sumatrana
5465:
5455:
5446:A. campbelli
5445:
5435:
5425:
5415:
5405:
5395:
5385:
5375:
5365:
5355:
5345:
5335:
5326:A. mandellii
5325:
5315:
5306:A. torqueola
5305:
5282:
5271:Melanoperdix
5259:
5236:
5213:
5203:
5150:
5140:
5130:
5118:
5108:
5098:
5088:
5078:
5068:
5058:
5048:
5038:
5024:
5013:
5003:
4993:
4983:
4971:Crossoptilon
4969:
4958:
4944:
4933:
4924:P. colchicus
4923:
4909:
4898:
4888:
4876:Chrysolophus
4874:
4863:
4853:
4843:
4833:
4823:
4809:
4798:
4788:
4778:
4764:
4739:
4729:
4715:
4707:Rhizotherini
4690:
4678:
4662:
4650:
4640:
4626:
4615:
4605:
4593:Centrocercus
4591:
4580:
4566:
4556:T. sewerzowi
4555:
4545:
4542:Hazel grouse
4531:
4520:
4510:
4507:Black grouse
4496:
4485:
4473:
4464:T. urogallus
4463:
4449:
4438:
4428:
4416:
4406:
4392:
4381:
4378:Sooty grouse
4371:
4368:Dusky grouse
4357:
4346:
4332:
4319:
4309:
4295:
4266:
4253:
4244:M. gallopavo
4243:
4229:
4221:Meleagridini
4204:
4190:
4165:
4155:
4146:L. impejanus
4145:
4131:
4120:
4110:
4098:Tetraophasis
4096:
4085:
4075:
4065:
4055:
4045:
4031:
4023:Lophophorini
4006:
3992:
3967:
3953:
3851:at Wikiquote
3817:
3793:
3786:
3774:. Retrieved
3760:
3748:. Retrieved
3739:
3729:
3718:
3713:
3702:
3696:
3688:
3663:
3655:
3648:
3643:
3631:. Retrieved
3617:
3605:
3585:
3578:
3558:
3551:
3534:
3530:
3490:
3484:
3464:
3437:
3433:
3427:
3408:
3396:
3384:
3372:. Retrieved
3363:
3354:
3342:. Retrieved
3333:
3324:
3312:Vatican City
3307:
3298:
3286:. Retrieved
3250:
3228:. Retrieved
3218:
3211:
3183:
3176:
3136:. Gnostica.
3133:
3120:
3108:. Retrieved
3071:
3061:
2992:
2986:
2962:. Retrieved
2952:
2916:
2909:
2881:
2874:
2862:. Retrieved
2833:. Retrieved
2819:
2804:
2792:
2782:20 September
2780:. Retrieved
2775:
2766:
2754:. Retrieved
2745:
2740:Ayyar, SRS.
2735:
2718:
2708:20 September
2706:. Retrieved
2701:
2692:
2682:20 September
2680:. Retrieved
2675:
2666:
2658:the original
2653:
2644:
2635:
2631:
2625:
2617:the original
2612:
2603:
2581:(1): 61–74.
2578:
2574:
2568:
2543:
2539:
2535:
2529:
2494:
2490:
2480:
2461:
2457:
2447:
2425:(5): e5–e9.
2422:
2418:
2412:
2387:
2383:
2379:
2373:
2361:. Retrieved
2354:the original
2315:
2311:
2298:
2283:
2278:
2253:
2249:
2239:
2214:
2210:
2204:
2185:
2173:. Retrieved
2169:the original
2164:
2154:
2134:
2107:
2103:
2093:
2068:
2064:
2030:
2024:
2012:. Retrieved
1987:
1974:
1960:cite journal
1941:
1937:
1927:
1903:(1): 18–20.
1900:
1896:
1886:
1833:
1829:
1819:
1807:. Retrieved
1798:
1788:
1771:
1767:
1761:
1749:. Retrieved
1739:
1729:
1717:. Retrieved
1704:
1695:
1674:
1666:
1651:
1643:
1641:
1610:
1595:
1585:
1565:
1561:
1555:
1541:
1520:
1516:
1511:
1509:
1470:
1461:
1451:
1444:
1437:
1430:
1418:
1406:Please help
1401:verification
1398:
1305:Painting by
1282:
1263:
1245:Qing-dynasty
1209:peacock logo
1206:
1203:Contemporary
1190:
1178:
1169:
1161:
1158:Christianity
1133:
1114:
1086:
1084:
1072:
1068:
1049:
1032:
1016:
994:
966:Nanda Empire
957:
948:
900:
870:
843:Peafowl are
842:
836:Pavo muticus
834:
819:
791:vocalisation
788:
758:
741:
728:
707:
684:
663:
660:
656:
636:
632:
605:
595:
583:
578:
564:
544:interference
533:
514:
511:
506:
500:
496:Pavo muticus
495:
489:
484:
482:
432:Peafowl eggs
419:
407:Amotz Zahavi
392:
361:
356:
352:
338:
332:
328:
327:
300:
293:
286:
265:
258:
40:
8808:iNaturalist
8679:Wikispecies
8495:iNaturalist
8366:Wikispecies
8240:Neotropical
8201:NatureServe
8136:iNaturalist
7981:Wikispecies
7888:iNaturalist
7834:Wikispecies
7679:iNaturalist
7599:Wikispecies
7502:Peter Scott
7487:Joseph Wolf
7477:Joseph Smit
7457:Edward Lear
7394:Pigeon/Dove
7361:Cendrawasih
7346:Feather boa
7337:In fashion
7169:In heraldry
7147:In the arts
7084:Wildfowling
7065:In hunting
7054:Sacred ibis
7039:Ornithology
7030:In science
7024:Vinkensport
6854:P. harwoodi
6784:P. capensis
6764:P. jacksoni
6714:P. erckelii
6584:P. asiatica
6464:C. japonica
6454:C. coturnix
6350:Brown quail
6294:T. altaicus
6231:Coturnicini
6215:S. shelleyi
6142:Scleroptila
6052:Francolinus
6020:O. sephaena
5882:Bambusicola
5816:P. germaini
5806:P. emphanum
5751:G. lunulata
5741:G. spadicea
5728:Galloperdix
5703:Haematortyx
5578:Great argus
5547:R. ocellata
5476:A. javanica
5294:Arborophila
5151:L. swinhoii
5109:L. inornata
5059:L. edwardsi
4789:P. dauurica
4628:Tympanuchus
4581:B. umbellus
4372:D. obscurus
4359:Dendragapus
4334:Falcipennis
4254:M. ocellata
4240:Wild turkey
4156:L. sclateri
4133:Lophophorus
4111:T. obscurus
4007:I. cruentus
3932:Phasianinae
3916:Galliformes
3886:Phasianidae
3537:: 215–216.
2964:18 November
2864:27 December
2256:: 585–586.
1611:During the
1504:Ohara Koson
1356: 1200
1333: 1880
1291:Virgin Mary
1270:(1957–2006)
1227:Stone from
1193:Renaissance
1187:Renaissance
1041:Middle East
1020:aposematism
861:leaf litter
765:Galliformes
711:mate choice
650:) causes a
621:Mate choice
526:Iridescence
424:Description
380:Congo Basin
349:Phasianidae
235:Phasianinae
231:Subfamily:
225:Phasianidae
215:Galliformes
8934:Categories
8912:Xeno-canto
8638:Xeno-canto
8325:Xeno-canto
7442:John Gould
7205:In poetry
7179:Crow/Raven
7059:Sky burial
6974:Aviculture
6967:Activities
6684:P. nobilis
6651:Pternistis
6549:A. barbara
6539:A. philbyi
6430:Rain quail
6380:King quail
6370:Blue quail
6306:Ammoperdix
6264:T. caspius
6175:S. finschi
6040:O. gularis
6007:Ortygornis
5995:P. lathami
5982:Peliperdix
5895:B. fytchii
5642:P. muticus
5569:Argusianus
5534:Rheinardia
5509:Subfamily
5366:A. diversa
5336:A. gingica
5260:R. rouloul
5237:C. oculeus
5225:Caloperdix
5192:Xenoperdix
5180:Rollulinae
5178:Subfamily
5039:L. bulweri
5004:C. harmani
4984:C. auritum
4864:S. reevesi
4824:S. ellioti
4811:Syrmaticus
4756:Phasianini
4717:Rhizothera
4616:C. minimus
4546:T. bonasia
4439:L. leucura
4413:Red grouse
4407:L. lagopus
4297:Canachites
4283:Tetraonini
4182:Pucrasiini
4166:L. lhuysii
4046:T. blythii
3984:Ithaginini
3930:Subfamily
3707:: 221–222.
3440:(3): 448.
3374:8 February
3344:8 February
3203:1007841078
3045:2001227055
2901:1329211153
2292:0520240758
1679:. Viking.
1658:References
1623:, such as
1576:Gastronomy
1434:newspapers
1423:"spalding"
1315:camouflage
1285:(1486) by
1024:Mahamayuri
935:Surapadman
915:god of war
866:arthropods
857:amphibians
849:arthropods
813:media help
761:polygamous
619:See also:
608:aposematic
542:. Optical
395:iridescent
370:, and the
295:Argusianus
288:Rheinardia
7825:Q10730907
7357:In dance
7296:The Birds
7277:Swan Lake
7270:The Birds
7234:In prose
7174:Avalerion
7005:In sport
7001:Fletching
6984:Bird hide
6956:Human use
6571:Perdicula
6529:A. chukar
6519:A. graeca
6486:Alectoris
6075:F. pictus
5970:G. varius
5940:G. gallus
5511:Pavoninae
5426:A. davidi
5386:A. ardens
5089:L. ignita
5049:L. diardi
4911:Phasianus
4899:C. pictus
4844:S. mikado
4834:S. humiae
4779:P. perdix
4671:(extinct)
4669:Heath hen
4663:T. cupido
4533:Tetrastes
4511:L. tetrix
4231:Meleagris
4076:T. satyra
4056:T. caboti
3994:Ithaginis
3896:Kingdom:
3278:246596953
3168:931029996
3142:Routledge
3053:233145721
3029:1609-8498
3021:1573-384X
3007:): 1–36.
2944:246596953
2638:(1): 214.
2609:"Peacock"
2575:Behaviour
2363:28 August
2328:CiteSeerX
2014:8 October
2004:244187388
1860:0027-8424
1701:"Peafowl"
1606:Satyricon
1512:Spaldings
1492:leucistic
1372:Biccavolu
1165:Augustine
1125:Aristotle
1121:Alexander
1081:Mandaeism
1012:Sri Lanka
1006:. To the
1001:Sinhalese
919:Kartikeya
895:Kartikeya
874:granaries
845:omnivores
747:Behaviour
703:aesthetic
691:predators
570:Evolution
561:Courtship
388:courtship
181:Kingdom:
175:Eukaryota
132:– present
52:3–0
8852:22679430
8826:10593075
8787:45513819
8738:22679430
8733:BirdLife
8664:Wikidata
8612:Species+
8539:22679440
8513:10197106
8425:22679440
8420:BirdLife
8351:Wikidata
8299:Species+
8206:2.100180
8193:22679435
8154:11160615
8053:22679435
8048:BirdLife
7966:Wikidata
7867:45513818
7840:Afropavo
7819:Wikidata
7810:Afropavo
7590:Q3917160
7584:Wikidata
7341:Aigrette
7333:In music
7291:In film
7105:Products
7014:Falconry
6989:Big year
6626:Ophrysia
6509:A. magna
6421:Coturnix
6341:Synoicus
6110:C. coqui
5594:Afropavo
5582:A. argus
5524:Pavonini
5456:A. rolli
5283:M. niger
5248:Rollulus
4192:Pucrasia
4033:Tragopan
3968:L. lerwa
3904:Chordata
3902:Phylum:
3898:Animalia
3815:(1966).
3776:30 March
3770:Archived
3744:Archived
3627:Archived
3368:Archived
3338:Archived
3306:(1953).
3282:Archived
3224:Archived
3104:Archived
2858:Archived
2829:Archived
2756:31 March
2750:Archived
2595:86482247
2540:Ethology
2521:23885088
2439:40638610
2404:27621492
2270:53167596
2231:53201236
2193:Archived
2143:Archived
2126:86740688
2085:53196851
2008:Archived
1878:14557541
1803:Archived
1745:Archived
1737:(1871).
1719:13 March
1713:Archived
1711:. 2021.
1637:culinary
1613:Medieval
1558:Japanned
1464:May 2023
1249:barbules
1097:Yushamin
1046:Yazidism
1028:Amitabha
927:Santoshi
907:Hinduism
853:reptiles
671:eyespots
551:barbules
536:pigments
440:Peachick
390:ritual.
353:peacocks
345:Pavonini
340:Afropavo
267:Afropavo
245:Pavonini
221:Family:
195:Chordata
191:Phylum:
185:Animalia
171:Domain:
130:Pliocene
8940:Peafowl
8800:2473678
8774:conpea1
8748:conpea1
8720:Avibase
8670:Q338996
8474:2473599
8461:grepea1
8435:grepea1
8407:Avibase
8357:Q254636
8255:peafowl
8128:9451184
8035:Avibase
7906:1006898
7880:2473677
7793:ZooBank
7697:1033701
7671:2473598
7533:Related
7389:Penguin
7377:Species
7194:Martlet
7153:In art
7138:Poultry
7128:Feather
7113:Chicken
6894:P. afer
6559:A. rufa
6329:A. heyi
6195:S. afra
5872:Gallini
5026:Lophura
4946:Catreus
4498:Lyrurus
4429:L. muta
4394:Lagopus
3945:Lerwini
3914:Order:
3908:Class:
3849:Peafowl
3750:27 July
3037:4030968
3005:Yerevan
2995:(1–2).
2835:6 March
2548:Bibcode
2512:4232502
2350:1195756
2320:Bibcode
1905:Bibcode
1838:Bibcode
1809:18 July
1625:chicken
1604:in his
1592:, 1618)
1531:melanin
1527:leucism
1448:scholar
1374:, India
1264:Peacock
1175:Judaism
1004:zodiacs
997:Burmese
944:Krishna
923:Kaumari
913:of the
640:alleles
357:peahens
329:Peafowl
241:Tribe:
211:Order:
201:Class:
121:↓
46:Peafowl
8904:373549
8839:553890
8707:ARKive
8604:114655
8591:102708
8526:176114
8394:ARKive
8291:415633
8262:NZOR:
8252:NZBO:
8245:compea
8180:176113
8110:EURING
8102:compea
8076:compea
8022:ARKive
7972:Q61865
7945:373548
7919:176115
7772:114654
7759:453587
7743:NZOR:
7710:176112
7415:People
7049:Augury
6229:Tribe
5927:Gallus
5870:Tribe
5691:Tribe
5522:Tribe
4766:Perdix
4754:Tribe
4705:Tribe
4568:Bonasa
4451:Tetrao
4287:Grouse
4281:Tribe
4219:Tribe
4180:Tribe
4021:Tribe
3982:Tribe
3943:Tribe
3825:
3676:
3633:14 May
3593:
3566:
3505:
3472:
3415:
3288:8 June
3276:
3266:
3230:8 June
3201:
3191:
3166:
3156:
3110:15 May
3096:
3076:Oxford
3051:
3043:
3035:
3027:
3019:
2997:Leiden
2942:
2932:
2899:
2889:
2726:
2593:
2519:
2509:
2437:
2402:
2348:
2330:
2290:
2268:
2229:
2175:22 May
2124:
2083:
2039:
2002:
1876:
1869:240659
1866:
1858:
1751:24 May
1683:
1629:gentry
1598:Horace
1523:albino
1450:
1443:
1436:
1429:
1421:
1179:Among
1148:Hermes
1075:Lalish
1064:Angels
986:Mughal
982:edicts
940:Omkara
931:Asuras
864:other
855:, and
538:, but
324:Peahen
8891:51349
8878:70395
8821:IRMNG
8769:eBird
8761:65H65
8745:BOW:
8630:13023
8578:70396
8508:IRMNG
8456:eBird
8448:75WGZ
8432:BOW:
8317:13022
8304:65568
8167:70935
8149:IRMNG
8115:35670
8097:eBird
8089:6TWGZ
8073:BOW:
8066:88912
7901:IRMNG
7780:Plazi
7692:IRMNG
7645:88911
7399:Raven
7199:Turul
7184:Eagle
7133:Guano
6960:birds
3955:Lerwa
3274:S2CID
3033:JSTOR
3017:eISSN
2940:S2CID
2591:S2CID
2435:S2CID
2400:S2CID
2357:(PDF)
2308:(PDF)
2266:S2CID
2227:S2CID
2122:S2CID
2081:S2CID
2000:S2CID
1621:birds
1617:serfs
1455:JSTOR
1441:books
1093:uthra
911:mount
903:India
490:Male
128:Late
8865:9076
8860:NCBI
8847:IUCN
8834:ITIS
8813:1260
8795:GBIF
8617:4975
8565:9050
8560:NCBI
8534:IUCN
8521:ITIS
8500:1200
8469:GBIF
8278:2010
8232:9049
8227:NCBI
8188:IUCN
8175:ITIS
8141:1204
8123:GBIF
8061:BOLD
7932:9075
7927:NCBI
7914:ITIS
7893:1259
7875:GBIF
7736:9048
7731:NCBI
7705:ITIS
7684:1199
7666:GBIF
7658:6JS7
7640:BOLD
7632:Pavo
7619:Pavo
7605:Pavo
7575:Pavo
7227:Crow
7118:Down
5619:Pavo
3910:Aves
3823:ISBN
3778:2012
3752:2021
3674:ISBN
3635:2017
3591:ISBN
3564:ISBN
3503:ISBN
3470:ISBN
3413:ISBN
3389:Ovid
3376:2023
3346:2023
3290:2023
3264:ISBN
3232:2023
3199:OCLC
3189:ISBN
3164:OCLC
3154:ISBN
3112:2021
3094:ISBN
3049:OCLC
3041:LCCN
3025:ISSN
2966:2022
2930:ISBN
2897:OCLC
2887:ISBN
2866:2019
2837:2018
2784:2024
2758:2014
2724:ISBN
2710:2024
2684:2024
2538:)".
2517:PMID
2382:)".
2365:2015
2346:PMID
2288:ISBN
2177:2023
2037:ISBN
2016:2021
1966:link
1874:PMID
1856:ISSN
1811:2020
1753:2023
1721:2021
1681:ISBN
1427:news
1197:Juno
1152:Ovid
1144:Zeus
1117:Hera
999:and
974:lion
962:Pali
958:mora
825:Diet
644:loci
642:for
528:and
501:The
334:Pavo
260:Pavo
205:Aves
60:PreꞒ
8782:EoL
8756:CoL
8694:ADW
8625:TSA
8547:NBN
8482:IBC
8443:CoL
8381:ADW
8312:TSA
8214:NBN
8162:ISC
8084:CoL
8009:AFD
7996:ADW
7862:EoL
7854:QBB
7849:CoL
7718:NBN
7653:CoL
7627:AFD
7614:ADW
7303:Kes
7123:Egg
6958:of
6118:, (
3670:328
3539:doi
3495:doi
3442:doi
3256:doi
3146:doi
3084:doi
3009:doi
2922:doi
2583:doi
2579:150
2556:doi
2544:111
2507:PMC
2499:doi
2495:216
2466:doi
2427:doi
2392:doi
2338:doi
2258:doi
2219:doi
2112:doi
2073:doi
1992:doi
1946:doi
1913:doi
1864:PMC
1846:doi
1834:100
1799:io9
1776:doi
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