Knowledge (XXG)

:Citation templates - Knowledge (XXG)

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3287:), giving only the author and year (or in some styles, a shortened version of the article or book title), and page number if appropriate. The full citation appears later on, in a bibliography section. This usually follows directly after the footnotes, is titled "References" or "Bibliography", and contains all relevant citations, listed in (typically) alphabetical order. This style is especially appropriate when there are large numbers of references overall and frequent cases of multiple references to the same work, especially in the presence of differing page numbers. 822:{{cite journal | last1 = Bailey | first1 = David H. | author-link1 = David H. Bailey (mathematician) | last2 = Borwein | first2 = Peter | author-link2 = Peter Borwein | last3 = Borwein | first3 = Jonathan M. | author-link3 = Jonathan Borwein | title = The Quest for Pi | journal = Mathematical Intelligencer | volume = 19 | issue = 1 | pages = 50–57 | publisher = Springer-Verlag | location = Berlin | date = 25 June 1997 | url = https://www.davidhbailey.com... | issn =0343-6993 | doi = 10.1007/BF03024340 | mr = 1439159 | zbl = 0878.11002}} 933:{{Citation | last1 = Bailey | first1 = David H. | author-link1 = David H. Bailey (mathematician) | last2 = Borwein | first2 = Peter | author-link2 = Peter Borwein | last3 = Borwein | first3 = Jonathan M. | author-link3 = Jonathan Borwein | title = The Quest for Pi | journal = Mathematical Intelligencer | volume = 19 | issue = 1 | pages = 50–57 | publisher = Springer-Verlag | location = Berlin | date = 25 June 1997 | url = https://www.davidhbailey.com... | issn =0343-6993 | doi = 10.1007/BF03024340 | mr = 1439159 | zbl = 0878.11002}} 2141:{{cite patent | inventor-last1 = Degermark | inventor-first1 = Mikael | inventor-last2 = Brodnik | inventor-first2 = Andrej | inventor-last3 = Carlsson | inventor-first3 = Svante | inventor-last4 = Pink | inventor-first4 = Stephen | title = Fast routing lookup system using complete prefix tree, bit vector, and pointers in a routing table for determining where to route IP datagrams | issue-date = 2001 | patent-number = 6266706 | country-code = US}} 179: 1332:{{cite conference | last1 = Evans | first1 = N. R. | last2 = Schaefer | first2 = G. | last3 = Bond | first3 = H. | last4 = Karovska | first4 = M. | last5 = Nelan | first5 = E. | last6 = Sasselov | first6 = D. | title = Direct detection of the ... | book-title = American Astronomical Society 207th ... | publisher = AAS | date = January 9, 2006 | url = http://www.aas.org/ ... 30.htm}} 64: 1068:{{cite web | last = Hansen | first = James E. | author-link = James E. Hansen | last2 = Ruedy | first2 = R. | last3 = Sato | first3 = M. | last4 = Lo | first4 = K. | title = GISS Surface Temperature An... | website = NASA.gov | publisher = [[Goddard Institute for... | date = December 15, 2005 | url = http://data.giss.nasa.gov/gis... | access-date = September 28, 2006}} 1402:{{Citation | last1 = Evans | first1 = N. R. | last2 = Schaefer | first2 = G. | last3 = Bond | first3 = H. | last4 = Karovska | first4 = M. | last5 = Nelan | first5 = E. | last6 = Sasselov | first6 = D. | contribution = Direct detection of ... | title = American Astronomical... | publisher = AAS | date = January 9, 2006 | contribution-url = http://...30.htm}} 679:{{Citation | last = | first = | author-link = | last2 = | first2 = | author-link2 = | title = | place = | publisher = | series = | volume = | orig-date = | year = | edition = | chapter = | chapter-url = | page = | pages = | language = | url = | archive-url = | archive-date = | doi = | id = | isbn = | mr = | zbl = | jfm = }} 1146:{{Citation | last1 = Hansen | first1 = James E. | author1-link = James Hansen | last2 = Ruedy | first2 = R. | last3 = Sato | first3 = M. | last4 = Lo | first4 = K. | title = GISS Surface Temperature An... | publisher = [[Goddard Institute for ... | date = December 15, 2005 | url = http://data.giss.nasa.gov/gis... | access-date = September 28, 2006}} 587:{{cite book | last = Mumford | first = David | author-link = David Mumford | title = The Red Book of Varieties and Schemes | publisher = ] | series = Lecture Notes in Mathematics | volume = 1358 | edition = 2nd expanded | location = Berlin | date = 1899 | page = 198 | doi = 10.1007/b62130 | isbn = 354063293X | mr = 1748380 | zbl = 0945.14001}} 684:{{Citation | last = Mumford | first = David | author-link = David Mumford | title = The Red Book of Varieties and Schemes | place = Berlin | publisher = ] | series = Lecture Notes in Mathematics | volume = 1358 | edition = 2nd expanded | date = 1989 | page = 198 | doi = 10.1007/b62130 | isbn = 354063293X | mr = 1748380 | zbl = 0945.14001}} 1614:{{Citation | last = Kramer | first = Martin | author-link = Martin Kramer | contribution = Bernard Lewis | editor-last = Boyd | editor-first = Kelley | title = Encyclopedia of Historians ... | volume = 1 | pages = 719–720 | publisher = Fitzroy Dearborn | place = London | date = 1999 | contribution-url = http://...is.htm}} 1559:{{cite encyclopedia | last = Kramer | first = Martin | author-link = Martin Kramer | editor-last = Boyd | editor-first = Kelley | title = Bernard Lewis | encyclopedia = Encyclopedia of Hist... | volume = 1 | pages = 719–720 | publisher = Fitzroy Dearborn | location = London | date = 1999 | url = }} 909:{{Citation | last = | first = | author-link = | last2 = | first2 = | author-link2 = | title = | journal = | volume = | issue = | pages = | date = | orig-date = | year = | language = | url = | jstor = | archive-url = | archive-date = | doi = | id = | mr = | zbl = | jfm = }} 132:
are used to format citations in a consistent way, as an alternative to formatting the citations by hand. The use of citation templates is neither encouraged nor discouraged. Templates may be used or removed at the discretion of individual editors, subject to agreement with other editors on the
1371:{{Citation | last = | first = | author-link = | first2 = | last2 = | author-link2 = | editor-last = | editor-first = | editor-last2 = | editor-first2 = | contribution = | contribution-url = | series = | date = | pages = | place = | publisher = | url = | doi = | id = }} 1967:{{Citation | last = Finn | first = Gary | title = What a growing lad needs is ... | pages = | newspaper = The Independent | location = London | date = 31 August 1998 | url = https://www.independent.co.uk ... | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web ... | archive-date = 2010-03-06}} 1658:{{cite episode | title = BBC-TV Presents: ... | episode-link = BBC Snooker World ... | series = Wide World of Snooker | series-link = Wide World of Snooker ... | credits = Presenters: [[Dennis ... | network = ] | station = ] | city = ], ... | air-date = 2008-04-27 | minutes = 2:34}} 2990:
Knowledge (XXG) does not dictate a particular way to insert citations into an article. As a result, there are multiple ways to structure citations in an article; multiple ways to insert individual citations; and multiple ways to link a short citation (e.g.
798:{{cite journal | last = | first = | author-link = | title = | journal = | volume = | issue = | pages = | publisher = | location = | date = | language = | url = | jstor = | issn = | doi = | id = | mr = | zbl = | jfm = | access-date = }} 318:, which appends any type of positional information (such as page numbers, chapter numbers, or audiovisual time code) directly to each given citation in the article body, which would result in text such as appearing after a superscripted footnote number. 2084:{{cite newsgroup | title = How can helping "Kids in Af... | author = Trodel | date = June 10, 2006 | newsgroup= humanities.philosophy.ob... | id = 1149950890.204481.35810@h76g20... | url = https://groups.google.com/g... | access-date = July 3, 2006}} 1987:{{Citation | last1 = Andersen | first1 = David | last2 = Witter | first2 = Lameen | title = Former Marine, Go Daddy CEO... | newspaper = Marine Corps News | date = 17 February 2006 | url = https://www.military.com/vet... | access-date = 2 June 2006}} 1907:{{cite news | last = Andersen | first = David | last2 = Witter | first2 = Lameen | title = Former Marine, Go Daddy CEO... | work = Marine Corps News | date = 17 February 2006 | url = https://www.military.com/vet... | access-date = 6 June 2006}} 1653:{{cite episode | title = | episode-link = | url = | series = | series-link = | credits = | network = | station = | air-date = | began = | ended = | season = | seriesno = | number = | minutes = | transcript = | transcript-url= }} 3419:
at the position where the template was inserted; otherwise the citations (and any others in the talk page) will be listed at the end of the talk page, below all sections. The resulting reference box does not appear in the table of contents.
2136:{{cite patent | inventor-last = | inventor-first = | inventor-link = | inventor-last2 = | inventor-first2 = | inventor-link2 = | publication-date = | issue-date = | title = | country-code = | description = | patent-number = }} 3148:
template of a general nature (e.g. book; web site; journal or newspaper article; article in an edited collection or encyclopedia; etc.) can be replaced, but specialized templates (court cases, comic books, video games, etc.) cannot very
1820:{{cite map | author=Kansas Departmen... | date=2005 | title=Official State Trans... | url=http://www.ksdot.org/b... | edition=2005–2006 | location=Topeka | publisher=Kansas Departmen... | section=F9 | access-date=March 30, 2007}} 637:{{cite book | last1 = Cordell | first1 = Bruce R. | first2 = Jeff | last2 = Grubb | first3 =David | last3 = Noonan | title = ] | location = Berlin | publisher = ] | pages = 198–203 | date = September 2001 | isbn = 0-786918-50-0}} 199:(wikitext) to edit most pages. The directions on this page, especially about what codes to type to produce formatting effects, are predominantly geared toward wikitext editing. For instructions on editing with VisualEditor, see 1026:{{cite web | last = Spiegel | first = Rachel | title = Research: Thalido... | url = http://science-educat... | access-date = 30 April 2006 | url-status=dead | archive-url = http://web.archive... | archive-date = 3 March 2006}} 733:{{Citation | last1 = Cordell | first1 = Bruce R. | last2 = Grubb | first2 = Jeff | last3 = Noonan | first3 = David | title = ] | place = Berlin | publisher = ] | pages = 198–203 | date = September 2001 | isbn = 0-786918-50-0}} 2054:{{cite newsgroup | author = Gary S. Terhune | title = Lost Ctrl-Alt-Del... | date = January 11, 2004 | newsgroup = microsoft.pub... | id = uAIVMjC2DHA.2336@TK2... | url = https://groups.googl... | access-date = May 16, 2006}} 2148:, Degermark, Mikael; Brodnik, Andrej & Carlsson, Svante et al., "Fast routing lookup system using complete prefix tree, bit vector, and pointers in a routing table for determining where to route IP datagrams", issued 2001 582:{{cite book | last = | first = | author-link = | title = | publisher = | series = | volume = | edition = | date = | location = | pages = | language = | url = | doi = | id = | isbn = | mr = | zbl = | jfm =}} 1749:{{cite mailing list | last=Murdock | first=Ian | author-link=Ian Murdock | title=Debian GNU/Linux 0.9... | mailing-list=debian-announce | date=26 October 1995 | url=https://lists.debian.or... | access-date =20 April 2007}} 54: 1544:{{cite encyclopedia | title = Kirkegaard... | encyclopedia = Grote Winkler Pri... | editor-last = Winkler Pri... | editor-first = Anthony | editor-link = Anthony Win... | volume = 9 | publisher = Elsevier | date = 1882}} 5105: 3239:
elsewhere. When there are citations that differ only in page number, there are two alternatives: write all the citations out in full, including the page number, or use one citation without page numbers along with the
1891:{{cite news | last = Finn | first = Gary | title = What a growing lad needs is ... | pages = | newspaper = The Independent | location = London | date = 31 August 1998 | url = https://www.independent.co.uk ...}} 1599:{{Citation | contribution = Kirkegaard... | title = Grote Winkler Pri... | editor-last = Winkler Pri... | editor-first = Anthony | editor-link = Anthony Win... | volume = 9 | publisher = Elsevier | date = 1882}} 1962:{{Citation | last = | first = | author-link = | last2 = | first2 = | author-link2 = | title = | newspaper = | pages = | date = | year = | url = | archive-url = | archive-date = | access-date = }} 1845:{{cite map | author1=Skelly Oil Company | author2=Diversified Map Co | date=1966 | title=Highway Map of Oklahoma | scale= | location=St. Louis | publisher=Diversified Map Co | section=11C | oclc=67708775}} 3326:. This will insert a footnote into the text and link it to the citation with the corresponding last name and year. Other variations of the Harvard citation templates format the short citation differently. 2314:{{cite video game | title=] | developer= ] | publisher=] | date=September 25, 2007 | platform=] | version=1.0 | level=The Storm | language=English | isolang= | quote='''Arbiter''': More Brutes? /...}} 1320:{{cite conference | last = Turk | first = M. | first2 = A. | last2 = Pentland | title = Face recognition ... | book-title = Proc IEEE Con... | place = Maui, Hawaii | pages = 586–591 | date = 1991}} 6019: 2179:{{cite press release |last=Roithmayr |first=Mark |date=February 5, 2007 |title=Autism Speaks ... |url=http://autismspeaks.org... |location=New York |publisher=] |access-date=November 19, 2007}} 1493:{{cite dictionary | title = word, ''n''. ... | dictionary = American Dictionary ... | editor-last = Webst... | editor-first = Noah | editor-link = Noah Webst... | publisher = ] | date = 1890 }} 1700:{{cite episode | title = Duet | episode-link = Duet (Stargate Atlant... | series = Stargate Atlantis | series-link = Stargate Atlantis | air-date = August 5, 2005 | season = 2 | number = 4}} 5524: 1376:{{Citation | last1 = Turk | first1 = M. | last2 = Pet... | first2 = A. | contribution = Face recog... | title = Proc IEEE Confere... | place = Maui, Hawaii | pages = 586–591 | date = 1991}} 4339: 914:{{Citation | last = Breyer | first = Stephen | author-link = Stephen Bre... | title = Copyright: A Rejo... | journal = UCLA Law Review | volume = 20 | pages = 75–83 | date = October 1972}} 244:
Note, if this is a new page or if there are not already references previously cited, it is necessary to create a section usually named "Notes" or "References" near the end of the page; see
1258:{{cite comic | cartoonist=] | strip=] | paper=Journal Herald | location=Dayton, OH | date=July 15, 1967 | supplement=Color Comics Supplement | syndicate=Newspaper Syndicate | page=1}} 3770: 3765: 6136: 4027: 1980: 3473:
of course, as the inline citations in this method simply appear as numbers within the text, linking to a list of full citations (and notes) at the end of the article (like this).
2259:{{cite AV media | people = Al-Issawi, Omar (Director) | title = Harab libnan | medium = Television production | publisher = Al-Issawi, Om... | location = Lebanon | date = 2001}} 1315:{{cite conference | last = | first = | author-link = | title = | book-title = | pages = | publisher = | date = | location = | url = | doi = | id = | access-date = }} 4847: 3598: 3760: 135:
Because templates can be contentious, editors should not add citation templates, or change an article with a consistent citation format to another, without gaining consensus
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templates, except that the periods (or full stops) are replaced with commas, and there is no final period or full stop. A complete list of templates that are mimicked by
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When an article cites many different pages from the same source, there are two main methods of unifying them instead of copying a completely new citation. One method is
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These templates automatically create a one-directional link to the first matching citation template on the same page. All of the following templates are supported:
1121:{{Citation | last = | first = | author-link = | last2 = | first2 = | author2-link = | title = | publisher = | date = | year = | url = | access-date = }} 3429: 1196:{{cite comic | writer=] | penciller=] | inker=] | story=The Fantastic Four! | title=] | volume=1 | issue=1 | date=November 1961 | publisher=] | page=3 | panel=2}} 5429: 5268: 1395: 3435: 1054: 803:{{cite journal | author-link = Stephen Brey... | title = Copyright: A Rejo... | journal = UCLA Law Review | volume = 20 | pages = 75–83 | date = October 1972}} 5862: 5798: 4141: 5685: 5626: 4745: 4125: 2731: 308:, which automatically displays an entirely new reference listing in the References section per unique page citation. Another method is to use the template 4359: 4344: 3610: 3816: 3684: 4394: 4329: 3588: 4802: 1886:{{cite news | last = | first = | title = | newspaper = | location = | pages = | language = | publisher = | date = | url = | access-date = }} 2724: 5481: 5359: 4840: 4204: 3208:
reference, which inserts a small bracketed, superscripted number. When clicked on, it links to a correspondingly-numbered footnote (more properly an
6044: 4191: 5917: 5439: 4651: 3525:"strip" parameter. Depending on which is used, the formatting will output a citation with either comic book or comic strip formatting respectively. 2309:{{cite video game | title = | developer = | publisher = | date = | platform = | version = | level = | language = | isolang = | quote = }} 3318: 2458: 6118: 5986: 5971: 5476: 5354: 4409: 4384: 4219: 3775: 4727: 5412: 4573: 4349: 4334: 3109:
templates produce citations with individual sections (e.g. title, author, publisher, etc.) separated by periods, with a trailing period, while
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When citations are brought to talk pages, noticeboards and other discussions, follow the group of citations, or the text you have added, with
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do not apply to citations. It is expected that a reference citation includes wikilinks to the relevant article for the source, such as
4015: 3689: 5454: 4389: 4364: 1191:{{cite comic | writer= | penciller= | inker= | story= | title= | volume= | issue= | date= | publisher= | page= | panel= }} 6156: 5767: 5680: 4879: 4589: 1671: 751: 655: 6151: 5715: 4947: 4740: 4379: 4369: 4354: 3583: 3541: 1539:{{cite encyclopedia | title = | encyclopedia = | volume = | pages = | publisher = | date = | id = | url = | access-date =}} 5018: 4455: 3826: 299: 6168: 6124: 5981: 5976: 5692: 5349: 3939: 1131: 1035: 6129: 5587: 3780: 3458: 1488:{{cite dictionary | title = | dictionary = | volume = | page = | publisher = | date = | id = | url = | access-date = }} 937: 826: 223:
button to the right—if you highlight your whole citation and then click this markup button, it will automatically enclose your
6163: 5944: 5776: 5471: 5124: 5025: 4913: 4765: 4287: 4224: 4104: 4100: 5231: 4440: 4435: 3755: 3742: 3230:) section near the end of the article. When there are multiple references to the same citation, typing can be saved by using 3193: 2745: 1744:{{cite mailing list | last = | first = | author-link = | title = | mailing-list = | date = | url = | access-date = }} 711: 614: 6141: 5949: 5752: 5519: 4908: 4425: 4110: 3732: 3636: 72: 3679: 5449: 3674: 3498:
This template allows for a cartoonist field to be used instead of the individual fields if there is a sole creator, as in
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at the end. Alternatively you may notice above the edit box there is a row of "markup" formatting buttons which include a
5444: 5001: 4775: 4229: 3593: 1441:{{cite court | litigants=Roe v. Wade | vol=410 | reporter=U.S. | opinion=113 | date=1973 | url=https://www.law.corn...}} 5927: 5236: 3253: 1021:{{cite web | url = | title = | last = | first = | date = | website = | publisher = | access-date = | quote = }} 6189: 6111: 6029: 5534: 5134: 5100: 4750: 4404: 4318: 3722: 3709: 3641: 3626: 3304:) is automatically attached to the full reference; if the full reference is typed by hand, surround the reference with 6194: 5837: 5241: 2547: 2161: 439: 5742: 5702: 5616: 5073: 4255: 4246: 4073: 4010: 4003: 3656: 3605: 3466: 3462: 3454: 3384: 2067: 1675: 533: 374: 50: 5762: 5735: 5592: 4584: 3156: 2527: 2517: 1727: 1522: 5887: 5646: 5095: 4903: 4893: 3578: 3564: 3508: 138: 5546: 5541: 4969: 2432: 2174:{{cite press release |last= |first= |date= |title= |url= |location= |publisher= |agency= |access-date=}} 5939: 5803: 5030: 4957: 4696: 4297: 4083: 4022: 192: 5793: 5570: 5327: 5216: 3727: 3515: 3273: 3010: 2507: 2292: 2097: 1705: 1471: 1298: 305: 6076: 5068: 4780: 4136: 2089: 1253:{{cite comic | cartoonist= | strip= | paper= | location= | date= | supplement= | syndicate= | page= }} 3152:
Some of the parameter names differ. For example, citing an article in an edited collection uses the misnamed
1436:{{cite court | litigants = | vol = | reporter = | opinion = | pinpoint = | court = | date = | url= }} 5498: 5288: 5273: 5171: 5013: 4706: 4636: 4600: 4595: 4561: 4544: 4251: 2893: 2036: 6024: 5781: 5006: 206:
For a citation to appear in a footnote, it needs to be enclosed in "ref" tags. You can add these by typing
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separates sections with a comma and has no trailing punctuation. (However, this can be changed using the
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for specific examples of exactly how to write the code for various combinations of the above styles.
2872: 2865: 2443: 2254:{{cite AV media | people = | title = | medium = | publisher = | location = | date = | url = }} 2123: 2049:{{cite newsgroup | title = | author = | date = | newsgroup = | id = | url = | access-date = }} 774: 744: 739: 648: 643: 6071: 6066: 5934: 4534: 4078: 1815:{{cite map | author = | date = | title = | url = | publisher = | section = | access-date = }} 272: 146: 142: 6039: 5912: 5337: 5144: 5083: 4556: 3801: 3489: 2557: 1427: 1244: 1182: 188: 6056: 6051: 5902: 5747: 5725: 5424: 5139: 1825: 5877: 5300: 5246: 5112: 4964: 4930: 4487: 4181: 4156: 3850: 3811: 3064: 3034: 3002:) with the full citation in the bibliography, when using a style that calls for short citations. 2537: 2477: 2389: 2207: 1873: 569: 155: 6094: 6089: 5966: 5391: 4790: 4062: 3388: 36: 2184: 1406:
Evans, N. R.; Schaefer, G.; Bond, H.; Karovska, M.; Nelan, E.; Sasselov, D. (January 9, 2006),
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Evans, N. R.; Schaefer, G.; Bond, H.; Karovska, M.; Nelan, E.; Sasselov, D. (January 9, 2006).
145:. The various citation templates may be freely mixed, since they all produce a similar format. 5815: 5675: 5658: 5514: 5058: 5035: 4974: 4935: 4494: 4482: 4282: 4176: 3883: 3631: 3308: 3174: 3138: 3113: 3091: 3077: 3044: 3017: 2497: 2467: 2406: 2368: 1936: 1854: 1785: 1757: 1709: 1580: 1389: 1354: 1104: 1004: 972: 891: 861: 748: 708: 670: 652: 611: 491: 410: 396: 6034: 5907: 5166: 4785: 1407: 1337: 245: 24: 20: 5897: 5466: 5366: 5226: 4666: 4631: 4450: 3872: 3806: 3699: 3291:
When using shortened footnotes, there are three ways to link the short and full references:
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to ensure that the appropriate shortened references are linked to the full references below.
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It explains concepts or processes used by the Knowledge (XXG) community. It is not one of
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templates are altered to use colons to indicate page numbers. These are also used within
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Citations are commonly embedded in reference templates. For more information, see:
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template to add an inline page number after the small bracketed footnote number.
3244: 2101: 2071: 1753: 1446: 373:" links to a citation template below. This is of particular interest when using 312: 178: 3212:) placed elsewhere in the article. The footnotes themselves are inserted using 5730: 5663: 5553: 5407: 5402: 5263: 4686: 4499: 2720:|Smith|1879|p=289}} (default to parentheses around whole citation, for inline) 1207: 2409: 2402: 2387:(1905). "Ist die Trägheit eines Körpers von seinem Energieinhalt abhängig?". 1077:"GISS Surface Temperature Analysis Global Temperature Trends: 2005 Summation" 975: 864: 5344: 5322: 5314: 5310: 5221: 4661: 4519: 4467: 1857: 1681: 1211: 4825: 1156:
GISS Surface Temperature Analysis Global Temperature Trends: 2005 Summation
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For a list of tools that can help create some of the templates below, see:
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Knowledge (XXG):Template index/Sources of articles/Citation quick reference
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This template places the citations in their own box under the bold header
3300:. If a citation template is used for the full reference, the anchor (e.g. 3192:
There are three ways to structure citations as a whole in an article (see
2416: 1154: 1076: 19:"WP:CT" redirects here. For special procedures on contentious topics, see 5636: 5381: 5090: 4701: 2352: 2328: 1672:
BBC-TV Presents: The 2008 World Snooker Championship Live at The Crucible
1199: 1050:{{cite web | title = | url = | website = | date = | access-date = }} 3533: 1833:(Map) (2005–2006 ed.). Topeka: Kansas Department of Transportation. § F9 3931: 3209: 1972: 1693: 1685: 968: 857: 46:
for cleanup request templates, such as "citation needed" and many more.
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harvcolnb error: no target: CITEREFLincolnWashingtonAdamsJohnson2007 (
695:, Lecture Notes in Mathematics, vol. 1358 (2nd expanded ed.), Berlin: 598:. Lecture Notes in Mathematics. Vol. 1358 (2nd expanded ed.). Berlin: 378: 177: 2323: 2318: 1269: 28: 1324:
Turk, M.; Pentland, A. (1991). "Face recognition using eigenfaces".
3504:, or an artist field if the penciller and inker is the same person. 1380:
Turk, M.; Petland, A. (1991), "Face recognition using eigenfaces",
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There are three primary ways to format individual full citations:
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inline parenthetical referencing was deprecated in September 2020
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harv error: no target: CITEREFLincolnWashingtonAdamsJohnson2007 (
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Proc. IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition
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Proc. IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition
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Cordell, Bruce R.; Grubb, Jeff; Noonan, David (September 2001),
641:
Cordell, Bruce R.; Grubb, Jeff; Noonan, David (September 2001).
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By hand. These are simply typed directly; however, when using
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See, for example: {{Harvnb|Pereira|2006|p=25}}</ref: -->
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for templates about citation-related problems in articles
2090:"How can helping "Kids in Africa" be in my self interest" 1282:(Dayton, OH). July 15, 1967 , Newspaper Syndicate, p. 1. 329:
to citation templates can be created using the templates
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Instructions on this page may not work with VisualEditor.
1973:"What a growing lad needs is a naughty book, says Blair" 1897:"What a growing lad needs is a naughty book, says Blair" 4808: 3013:, each individual full citation can be surrounded with 116: 109: 102: 3170:
for the collection name; the equivalent parameters in
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WP:Template messages/Cleanup/Verifiability and sources
2613:|Turner|1851|pp=10–11}} (Shortened footnote template) 2202:{{cite press release |author=<!--Not stated--: --> 528:
Following each example is the resulting article text.
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creates a citation in the same format as most of the
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The style of this template is based on Allen Ellis'
1991:
Andersen, David; Witter, Lameen (17 February 2006),
1911:
Andersen, David; Witter, Lameen (17 February 2006).
27:. For the capitalisation style of compositions, see 6012: 5886: 5824: 5701: 5586: 5507: 5390: 5309: 5190: 5046: 4892: 4715: 4609: 4403: 4317: 4269: 4265: 4190: 4124: 4061: 3911: 3895: 3840: 3789: 3741: 3708: 3655: 3619: 3571: 3185: 3181: 2185:"Autism Speaks and Cure Autism Now Complete Merger" 1153:; Ruedy, R.; Sato, M.; Lo, K. (December 15, 2005), 1075:; Ruedy, R.; Sato, M.; Lo, K. (December 15, 2005). 3457:may also use wikilinks to citation templates, but 3430:Knowledge (XXG):Template index/Sources of articles 2267:(Television production). Lebanon: Al-Issawi, Omar. 2231:(movie, television production, documentary, etc.) 3436:Knowledge (XXG):How to avoid duplicated citations 2889:|Lincoln|Washington|Adams|Johnson|2007|pp=88–89}} 2453:Harvard reference and shortened footnote examples 1623:Encyclopedia of Historians and Historical Writing 1568:Encyclopedia of Historians and Historical Writing 3509:Comic Art in Scholarly Writing: A Citation Guide 1621:(1999), "Bernard Lewis", in Boyd, Kelley (ed.), 1570:. Vol. 1. London: Fitzroy Dearborn. pp. 719–720. 1566:(1999). "Bernard Lewis". In Boyd, Kelley (ed.). 3196:for a tabular comparison of these three ways): 2971:harvcoltxt error: no target: CITEREFBlust1999 ( 1853:(Map). . St. Louis: Diversified Map Co. § 11C. 1849:Skelly Oil Company; Diversified Map Co (1966). 1758:"Debian GNU/Linux 0.93 Release 6 now available" 1625:, vol. 1, London: Fitzroy Dearborn, pp. 719–720 3461:. In contrast to parenthetical referencing or 3203:. These simply place the citation inside of a 2945:harvcolnb error: no target: CITEREFSmith1879 ( 2577:). To use the links, the template must define 4841: 3987: 3947: 3549: 2918:harvcol error: no target: CITEREFTurner1851 ( 2827:harvtxt error: no target: CITEREFTurner1851 ( 2788:harvnb error: no target: CITEREFJohnson1772 ( 2734:|Jones|1951|p=334}} (parentheses around date) 483:and the parameters which can be used with it— 8: 3337:template for the whole of the footnote. The 3281:harvnb error: no target: CITEREFTurner1851 ( 2996:harvnb error: no target: CITEREFTurner1851 ( 2932:harvcol error: no target: CITEREFSmith1874 ( 2661:harvnb error: no target: CITEREFTurner1851 ( 1824:Kansas Department of Transportation (2005). 4807: 3481: 3479: 3222:, which is typically placed by itself in a 2678:harvnb error: no target: CITEREFSmith1979 ( 1506:American Dictionary of the English Language 1412:American Astronomical Society 207th Meeting 1342:American Astronomical Society 207th Meeting 1053:(Write date as one of the formats shown at 6119:Category:Knowledge (XXG) information pages 4848: 4834: 4826: 3954: 3940: 3932: 3556: 3542: 3534: 3521:This template requires either the "title" 3295:Insert manual links. These look like e.g. 2801:harvp error: no target: CITEREFJones1951 ( 2761:harv error: no target: CITEREFTurner1851 ( 1394:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher ( 921:(October 1972), "Copyright: A Rejoinder", 810:(October 1972). "Copyright: A Rejoinder". 3087:The main differences between the generic 2775:harv error: no target: CITEREFSmith1879 ( 1228:, vol. 1, no. 1, p. 3/2 (November 1961). 444:Below are examples of how to use various 294:Using multiple pages from the same source 3518:for more details and field explanations. 3134:templates can easily be replaced by the 2277:The Dick Cavett Show — Rock Icons (1969) 2210:(Press release). Overland Park, Kansas: 2060:"Lost Ctrl-Alt-Del function on W98, 2nd" 1161:NASA Goddard Institute for Space Studies 1085:NASA Goddard Institute for Space Studies 545: 219: 81:Knowledge (XXG)'s policies or guidelines 3447: 3365:<ref name=FOOTNOTEPereira200625: --> 3360:<ref name=FOOTNOTEPereira200625: --> 2783: 2459:Template:Harvard citation documentation 370: 252:for more information on section names: 201:Knowledge (XXG):VisualEditor/User guide 3277: 3254:Footnotes with list-defined references 3167: 3163: 3124: 3120: 2992: 2913: 2823: 2756: 2656: 2590: 2586: 2582: 2578: 1714:. Season 2. Episode 4. August 5, 2005. 1606:, ed. (1882), "Kirkegaard, Ole Lund", 1551:, ed. (1882). "Kirkegaard, Ole Lund". 1387: 1062: 1058: 430:can be used to alter the punctuation. 427: 267:Using the same footnote multiple times 3817:Converting between references formats 3256:. All inline citations take the form 2966: 2940: 2927: 2796: 2770: 2673: 2068:microsoft.public.win98.gen_discussion 963:(1), Berlin: Springer-Verlag: 50–57, 852:(1). Berlin: Springer-Verlag: 50–57. 693:The Red Book of Varieties and Schemes 596:The Red Book of Varieties and Schemes 31:. For cleanup template messages, see 16:Wikimedia guide on citation templates 7: 2183:Roithmayr, Mark (February 5, 2007). 2058:Gary S. Terhune (January 11, 2004). 83:, and may reflect varying levels of 5858:User CSS for monospaced coding font 5106:Non-admin and admin-only page moves 3832:Guidance on source reviewing at FAC 3771:Referencing without using templates 3766:Referencing with citation templates 3364: 3359: 3346: 3204: 2896:|Blust|1999|p=40}} asserts that ... 2846: 2727:|Johnson|1772|p=176}} (no brackets) 2692: 2263:Al-Issawi, Omar (Director) (2001). 1032:"Research in the News: Thalidomide" 287: 282: 237: 229: 214: 208: 23:. For WikiProject Connecticut, see 3395:Discussing citations on talk pages 481:For full description of a template 14: 3265:, all of which are surrounded by 2098:humanities.philosophy.objectivism 1827:Official State Transportation Map 1133:Research in the News: Thalidomide 212:at the front of the citation and 5799:Bug reports and feature requests 389:Using commas rather than periods 300:Help:References and page numbers 62: 6112:Category:Knowledge (XXG) how-to 5627:Template sandbox and test cases 4866:Get personal technical help at 3822:Reference display customization 3345:template creates its own named 521:Copy and paste the text under " 263:==Notes== <references /: --> 4857:Knowledge (XXG) technical help 4810:Ask for help on your talk page 3411: 3363:which is itself equivalent to 3194:Help:Citations quick reference 534:Knowledge (XXG):Citation tools 262: 254: 51:Knowledge (XXG):Citation tools 1: 6200:Knowledge (XXG) template help 3589:Biographies of living persons 3387:for general information, and 1971:Finn, Gary (31 August 1998), 1895:Finn, Gary (31 August 1998). 500: 5482:How to improve image quality 5360:Complete diff and link guide 1421:court case (legal decision) 1328:. Maui, Hawaii. pp. 586–591. 509:" column of the table below. 383:wikilinks to full references 5918:Cleaning up vandalism tools 5804:TimedMediaHandler extension 5440:Preparing images for upload 4456:References and page numbers 4116:Who writes Knowledge (XXG)? 4096:What Knowledge (XXG) is not 3827:References and page numbers 3761:Introduction to referencing 3565:Knowledge (XXG) referencing 3314:to attach the anchor to it. 2187:(Press release). New York: 1384:, Maui, Hawaii, pp. 586–591 440:Category:Citation templates 322:Creating links to citations 195:or classic editing through 35:. For the colon trick, see 6216: 6004:Beta Features at MediaWiki 5477:Basic bitmap image editing 5355:Simple diff and link guide 4235:"The rules are principles" 4220:Simplified Manual of Style 3963:Knowledge (XXG) help pages 3776:Referencing dos and don'ts 3097:template and the specific 2838: 2689: 2605: 2573:(an up-to-date list is at 2456: 957:Mathematical Intelligencer 846:Mathematical Intelligencer 515:field(s) are indicated in 437: 369:, etc. For example, this " 297: 288:<ref name="name" /: --> 284:citation text</ref: --> 270: 170: 92: 48: 41: 18: 6105: 5279:Advanced table formatting 4863: 4799: 4441:Referencing for beginners 3969: 3921:Parenthetical referencing 3756:Citations quick reference 3723:Punctuation and footnotes 3455:Parenthetical referencing 3358:is exactly equivalent to 3319:Harvard citation template 3235:the first time, and just 3166:for the article name and 3144:template. Generally, any 2335:. Level/area: The Storm. 1866: 1460: 1287: 1222:). "The Fantastic Four!" 997: 761: 562: 541:Knowledge (XXG):Footnotes 281:when creating a footnote 5999:Wikimedia Cloud Services 5853:Common.js and common.css 5848:Catalogue of CSS classes 5607:Advanced template coding 5450:Options to hide an image 4876:village pump (technical) 4574:Simple vandalism cleanup 4210:Avoiding common mistakes 4205:Advice for young editors 3675:Citation Style Vancouver 3258:<ref name="foo"/: --> 3237:<ref name="foo"/: --> 2403:10.1002/ANDP.19053231314 2088:Trodel (June 10, 2006). 1979:, London, archived from 1465:other edited collection 283:<ref name="name": --> 6123:Further navigation at: 5863:Classes in microformats 5418:Moving files to Commons 5237:Conditional expressions 4309:VisualEditor user guide 4091:Policies and guidelines 3903:Knowledge (XXG) Library 3572:Policies and guidelines 3268:...</references: --> 3262:<ref name="foo": --> 3232:<ref name="foo": --> 2868:|Turner|1851|pp=10–11}} 2713:|Turner|1851|pp=10–11}} 1851:Highway Map of Oklahoma 485:click the template name 6190:Knowledge (XXG) how-to 5923:Customizing watchlists 5838:Cascading Style Sheets 5612:Template documentation 5487:Graphics Lab resources 5430:Introduction to images 5242:Switch parser function 4283:Introductions by topic 4278:Why create an account? 3841:Template documentation 3781:Citing Knowledge (XXG) 3465:, citations using the 3361:], p. 25.</ref: --> 2691:Templates used within 2333:Microsoft Game Studios 2321:(September 25, 2007). 1634:(television or radio) 1604:Winkler Prins, Anthony 1549:Winkler Prins, Anthony 525:" to use the template. 182: 5736:File description page 5455:Extended image syntax 4736:(Encyclopedia proper) 4063:About Knowledge (XXG) 3317:Insert links using a 2860:family of templates: 2706:family of templates: 2575:Help:Citation Style 1 2380:{{cite Q|Q29396757}} 2279:(DVD). Shout Factory. 1677:Wide World of Snooker 1500:, ed. (1890). "word, 298:Further information: 271:Further information: 255:==Notes== {{Reflist}} 191:, you can use either 181: 171:Further information: 5987:Navigation shortcuts 5972:Alternative browsing 4970:Multilingual support 4948:How to create a page 4436:Citations/references 4395:Titles (of articles) 4340:Biographies (living) 3611:Scientific citations 3584:No original research 3516:template's talk page 3371:|Pereira|2006|p=25}} 3356:|Pereira|2006|p=25}} 2275:Dick Cavett (2005). 1688:. 2:34 minutes in. 946:Borwein, Jonathan M. 835:Borwein, Jonathan M. 745:Wizards of the Coast 740:Manual of the Planes 649:Wizards of the Coast 644:Manual of the Planes 71:This help page is a 5693:Guide to Scribbling 5571:EasyTimeline syntax 5350:Simplest diff guide 5217:Line-break handling 4225:Simplified rule-set 3986:for an interactive 3728:Shortened footnotes 3463:shortened footnotes 3302:#CITEREFPereira2006 3274:Shortened footnotes 3267:<references: --> 3030:templates, such as 3011:shortened footnotes 2954:Lincoln et al. 2007 2882:|Smith|1879|p=289}} 2875:|Smith|1874|p=173}} 2850:tags or within the 2811:Lincoln et al. 2007 2696:tags or within the 2620:|Smith|1979|p=289}} 2214:. November 26, 2012 1756:(26 October 1995). 1608:Grote Winkler Prins 1555:. Vol. 9. Elsevier. 1553:Grote Winkler Prins 1063:|date=July 22, 2009 375:shortened footnotes 306:Shortened footnotes 6195:Citation templates 5686:Costs and benefits 5632:Citation templates 5499:Visual file markup 5472:Graphics tutorials 5413:Creation and usage 5289:Conditional tables 5172:User contributions 5113:Notifications/Echo 5026:User access levels 5014:Special Characters 4914:Keyboard shortcuts 4601:WP search protocol 4596:User contributions 4562:Email confirmation 4288:Graphics tutorials 4252:Your first article 4230:"Ignore all rules" 4194:to Knowledge (XXG) 3743:Help for beginners 3695:Citation templates 3647:Referencing styles 3073:Using the generic 2548:cite press release 2390:Annalen der Physik 2162:cite press release 1610:, vol. 9, Elsevier 1225:The Fantastic Four 1059:|date=22 July 2009 969:10.1007/BF03024340 950:"The Quest for Pi" 858:10.1007/BF03024340 839:"The Quest for Pi" 227:in ref tags (i.e. 183: 161:The New York Times 156:The New York Times 130:Citation templates 6177: 6176: 6157:Citation metadata 6062:Navigation popups 6020:AfC helper script 6013:Automated editing 5868:Markup validation 5753:Project/Wikipedia 5520:Graphs and charts 5494:Sound file markup 5396:videos and sounds 5259:Sections and TOCs 5059:Special page help 4823: 4822: 4737: 4410:information pages 3929: 3928: 3733:Nesting footnotes 3637:Combining sources 3385:WP:Citing sources 3157:cite encyclopedia 2983: 2982: 2528:cite mailing list 2518:cite encyclopedia 2425: 2424: 2375:{{cite Q | QID}} 2340:: More Brutes? / 1997:Marine Corps News 1917:Marine Corps News 1728:cite mailing list 1711:Stargate Atlantis 1590:=name of article 1523:cite encyclopedia 1216:Rule, Christopher 1130:Spiegel, Rachel, 1030:Spiegel, Rachel. 127: 126: 6207: 5992:Optimum tool set 5843:HTML in wikitext 5787:User page design 5578:WikiHiero syntax 5445:Uploading images 5435:Picture tutorial 5002:Software notices 4980:Page information 4850: 4843: 4836: 4827: 4817: 4813: 4771:Manual of Style 4735: 4721: 4615: 4590:simple archiving 4446:Citation Style 1 4426:Article deletion 4421:Appealing blocks 4414: 4323: 4301: 4293:Picture tutorial 4271: 4198: 4130: 4126:Help for readers 4067: 4053: 4041: 4029: 4017: 4005: 3989: 3956: 3949: 3942: 3933: 3888: 3882: 3877: 3871: 3866: 3860: 3855: 3849: 3797:Cite link labels 3710:Inline citations 3700:Reflist template 3670:Citation Style 2 3665:Citation Style 1 3594:Reliable sources 3558: 3551: 3544: 3535: 3528: 3494: 3488: 3483: 3474: 3452: 3412:{{Reflist-talk}} 3408: 3402: 3374: 3372: 3362: 3357: 3349: 3348:...</ref: --> 3344: 3336: 3325: 3313: 3307: 3303: 3299: 3286: 3269: 3264: 3263:...</ref: --> 3259: 3249: 3243: 3238: 3234: 3233:...</ref: --> 3221: 3215: 3207: 3206:...</ref: --> 3187: 3183: 3179: 3173: 3169: 3165: 3161: 3155: 3146:Citation Style 1 3143: 3137: 3132:Citation Style 1 3126: 3122: 3118: 3112: 3107:Citation Style 1 3099:Citation Style 1 3096: 3090: 3082: 3076: 3069: 3063: 3059: 3053: 3049: 3043: 3039: 3033: 3028:Citation Style 1 3022: 3016: 3001: 2977:asserts that ... 2976: 2963: 2950: 2937: 2923: 2900:</nowiki: --> 2859: 2853: 2849: 2848:...</ref: --> 2833:asserts that ... 2832: 2820: 2806: 2793: 2780: 2766: 2711:Harvard citation 2705: 2699: 2695: 2694:...</ref: --> 2683: 2666: 2634: 2628: 2596: 2592: 2588: 2584: 2580: 2572: 2566: 2562: 2556: 2552: 2546: 2542: 2536: 2532: 2526: 2522: 2516: 2512: 2506: 2502: 2496: 2492: 2486: 2482: 2476: 2472: 2466: 2448: 2442: 2437: 2433:cite album-notes 2431: 2420: 2365: 2359: 2346: 2297: 2291: 2280: 2268: 2242: 2236: 2223: 2221: 2219: 2199: 2197: 2195: 2166: 2160: 2149: 2128: 2122: 2111: 2109: 2107: 2081: 2079: 2077: 2041: 2035: 2006: 2005: 2003: 1984: 1941: 1935: 1927: 1925: 1923: 1904: 1878: 1872: 1861: 1842: 1840: 1838: 1832: 1790: 1784: 1773: 1771: 1769: 1732: 1726: 1715: 1697: 1645: 1639: 1626: 1611: 1585: 1579: 1571: 1556: 1527: 1521: 1513: 1476: 1470: 1450: 1432: 1426: 1415: 1399: 1393: 1385: 1359: 1353: 1345: 1329: 1303: 1297: 1249: 1243: 1187: 1181: 1170: 1169: 1167: 1151:Hansen, James E. 1143: 1142: 1140: 1109: 1103: 1095: 1093: 1091: 1073:Hansen, James E. 1064: 1060: 1047: 1045: 1043: 1034:. Archived from 1009: 1003: 992: 954: 948:(25 June 1997), 938:Bailey, David H. 930: 896: 890: 882: 843: 837:(25 June 1997). 827:Bailey, David H. 819: 790: 784: 779: 773: 756: 730: 675: 669: 661: 634: 574: 568: 546: 504: 496: 490: 474:editorial comics 429: 426:. The parameter 425: 419: 416:can be found at 415: 409: 404:Citation Style 1 401: 395: 368: 362: 358: 352: 348: 342: 338: 332: 317: 311: 289: 285: 239: 231: 216: 210: 167:Use in footnotes 139:WP:CITECONSENSUS 119: 112: 105: 66: 65: 59: 6215: 6214: 6210: 6209: 6208: 6206: 6205: 6204: 6180: 6179: 6178: 6173: 6101: 6030:AutoWikiBrowser 6008: 5882: 5820: 5697: 5681:Labeled section 5622:Template limits 5582: 5559:Musical symbols 5535:To scale charts 5503: 5386: 5305: 5294:Sortable tables 5186: 5182:What links here 5150:Related changes 5135:Pending changes 5101:History merging 5084:Reset passwords 5042: 4888: 4859: 4854: 4824: 4819: 4795: 4711: 4605: 4399: 4313: 4299: 4267:Getting started 4261: 4186: 4167:Other languages 4120: 4111:Making requests 4105:parental advice 4057: 4011:Reference desks 3965: 3960: 3930: 3925: 3907: 3891: 3886: 3880: 3875: 3869: 3864: 3858: 3853: 3847: 3836: 3785: 3737: 3704: 3651: 3642:Offline sources 3627:Citation needed 3615: 3567: 3562: 3532: 3531: 3492: 3486: 3484: 3477: 3467:footnote system 3453: 3449: 3444: 3426: 3413: 3406: 3400: 3397: 3366: 3351: 3338: 3330: 3322: 3311: 3305: 3301: 3296: 3280: 3266: 3261: 3257: 3247: 3241: 3236: 3231: 3219: 3213: 3188:, respectively. 3177: 3171: 3162:template, with 3159: 3153: 3141: 3135: 3116: 3110: 3101:templates are: 3094: 3088: 3080: 3074: 3067: 3061: 3057: 3051: 3047: 3041: 3037: 3031: 3020: 3014: 2995: 2988: 2970: 2957: 2944: 2931: 2917: 2857: 2851: 2826: 2814: 2800: 2787: 2774: 2760: 2703: 2697: 2686: 2677: 2660: 2648: 2632: 2626: 2616:Article text.{{ 2609:Article text.{{ 2570: 2564: 2560: 2554: 2550: 2544: 2540: 2534: 2530: 2524: 2520: 2514: 2510: 2508:cite conference 2504: 2500: 2494: 2490: 2484: 2480: 2474: 2470: 2464: 2461: 2455: 2446: 2440: 2435: 2429: 2397:(13): 639–641. 2385:Albert Einstein 2383: 2381: 2376: 2363: 2357: 2317: 2315: 2310: 2295: 2293:cite video game 2289: 2274: 2272: 2262: 2260: 2255: 2240: 2234: 2217: 2215: 2206: 2204: 2193: 2191: 2182: 2180: 2175: 2164: 2158: 2144: 2142: 2137: 2126: 2120: 2105: 2103: 2087: 2085: 2075: 2073: 2057: 2055: 2050: 2039: 2033: 2001: 1999: 1990: 1988: 1977:The Independent 1970: 1968: 1963: 1939: 1933: 1921: 1919: 1910: 1908: 1901:The Independent 1894: 1892: 1887: 1876: 1870: 1848: 1846: 1836: 1834: 1830: 1823: 1821: 1816: 1788: 1782: 1767: 1765: 1762:debian-announce 1752: 1750: 1745: 1730: 1724: 1703: 1701: 1670:(2008-04-27). " 1661: 1659: 1654: 1643: 1637: 1617: 1615: 1602: 1600: 1595: 1583: 1577: 1562: 1560: 1547: 1545: 1540: 1525: 1519: 1496: 1494: 1489: 1474: 1472:cite dictionary 1468: 1444: 1442: 1437: 1430: 1424: 1405: 1403: 1386: 1379: 1377: 1372: 1357: 1351: 1335: 1333: 1323: 1321: 1316: 1301: 1299:cite conference 1295: 1259: 1254: 1247: 1241: 1197: 1192: 1185: 1179: 1165: 1163: 1149: 1147: 1138: 1136: 1129: 1127: 1122: 1107: 1101: 1089: 1087: 1071: 1069: 1051: 1041: 1039: 1038:on 3 March 2006 1029: 1027: 1022: 1007: 1001: 952: 936: 934: 923:UCLA Law Review 919:Breyer, Stephen 917: 915: 910: 894: 888: 841: 825: 823: 812:UCLA Law Review 808:Breyer, Stephen 806: 804: 799: 788: 782: 777: 771: 754: 747:, pp. 198–203, 736: 734: 714: 697:Springer-Verlag 687: 685: 680: 673: 667: 658: 651:. pp. 198–203. 640: 638: 617: 600:Springer-Verlag 590: 588: 583: 572: 566: 498: 494: 488: 442: 436: 423: 417: 413: 407: 399: 393: 391: 366: 360: 356: 350: 346: 340: 336: 330: 324: 315: 309: 302: 296: 275: 269: 264: 256: 222: 204: 175: 169: 123: 122: 115: 108: 101: 97: 89: 88: 63: 57: 47: 40: 17: 12: 11: 5: 6213: 6211: 6203: 6202: 6197: 6192: 6182: 6181: 6175: 6174: 6172: 6171: 6166: 6161: 6160: 6159: 6149: 6144: 6139: 6134: 6133: 6132: 6130:Administrators 6122: 6115: 6106: 6103: 6102: 6100: 6099: 6098: 6097: 6092: 6084: 6079: 6074: 6069: 6064: 6059: 6054: 6049: 6048: 6047: 6042: 6032: 6027: 6022: 6016: 6014: 6010: 6009: 6007: 6006: 6001: 5996: 5995: 5994: 5989: 5984: 5979: 5974: 5964: 5959: 5958: 5957: 5952: 5947: 5937: 5932: 5931: 5930: 5920: 5915: 5913:Citation tools 5910: 5905: 5900: 5894: 5892: 5890: 5884: 5883: 5881: 5880: 5875: 5870: 5865: 5860: 5855: 5850: 5845: 5840: 5834: 5832: 5822: 5821: 5819: 5818: 5813: 5808: 5807: 5806: 5801: 5791: 5790: 5789: 5779: 5774: 5773: 5772: 5771: 5770: 5755: 5750: 5745: 5740: 5739: 5738: 5728: 5723: 5718: 5713: 5707: 5705: 5703:Data structure 5699: 5698: 5696: 5695: 5690: 5689: 5688: 5683: 5673: 5672: 5671: 5661: 5656: 5655: 5654: 5649: 5639: 5634: 5629: 5624: 5619: 5617:Template index 5614: 5609: 5604: 5598: 5596: 5591: 5584: 5583: 5581: 5580: 5575: 5574: 5573: 5563: 5562: 5561: 5554:Musical scores 5551: 5550: 5549: 5539: 5538: 5537: 5532: 5527: 5517: 5511: 5509: 5508:Other graphics 5505: 5504: 5502: 5501: 5496: 5491: 5490: 5489: 5484: 5479: 5469: 5464: 5463: 5462: 5457: 5452: 5447: 5442: 5437: 5432: 5422: 5421: 5420: 5415: 5405: 5399: 5397: 5395: 5394:files: images, 5388: 5387: 5385: 5384: 5379: 5374: 5369: 5364: 5363: 5362: 5357: 5352: 5342: 5341: 5340: 5335: 5330: 5319: 5317: 5307: 5306: 5304: 5303: 5298: 5297: 5296: 5291: 5286: 5281: 5276: 5271: 5261: 5256: 5251: 5250: 5249: 5244: 5239: 5234: 5224: 5219: 5214: 5209: 5208: 5207: 5196: 5194: 5188: 5187: 5185: 5184: 5179: 5174: 5169: 5164: 5163: 5162: 5152: 5147: 5145:Recent changes 5142: 5137: 5132: 5127: 5122: 5121: 5120: 5110: 5109: 5108: 5103: 5093: 5088: 5087: 5086: 5076: 5074:Emailing users 5071: 5066: 5061: 5055: 5053: 5049: 5044: 5043: 5041: 5040: 5039: 5038: 5028: 5023: 5022: 5021: 5011: 5010: 5009: 4999: 4994: 4993: 4992: 4982: 4977: 4972: 4967: 4962: 4961: 4960: 4950: 4945: 4944: 4943: 4938: 4933: 4928: 4918: 4917: 4916: 4911: 4900: 4898: 4896:technical help 4895: 4890: 4889: 4864: 4861: 4860: 4855: 4853: 4852: 4845: 4838: 4830: 4821: 4820: 4806: 4803:Missing Manual 4800: 4797: 4796: 4794: 4793: 4788: 4783: 4778: 4773: 4768: 4763: 4758: 4753: 4748: 4746:Editor's index 4743: 4738: 4730: 4724: 4722: 4713: 4712: 4710: 4709: 4704: 4699: 4694: 4689: 4684: 4679: 4674: 4669: 4664: 4659: 4654: 4649: 4644: 4639: 4634: 4629: 4624: 4618: 4616: 4607: 4606: 4604: 4603: 4598: 4593: 4587: 4578: 4577: 4576: 4566: 4565: 4564: 4554: 4549: 4548: 4547: 4545:Renaming pages 4537: 4532: 4527: 4517: 4512: 4510:Image deletion 4507: 4502: 4497: 4492: 4491: 4490: 4485: 4480: 4470: 4465: 4460: 4459: 4458: 4453: 4448: 4443: 4433: 4428: 4423: 4417: 4415: 4408: 4401: 4400: 4398: 4397: 4392: 4387: 4382: 4377: 4372: 4367: 4362: 4360:Disambiguation 4357: 4352: 4347: 4345:Categorization 4342: 4337: 4332: 4326: 4324: 4319:Dos and don'ts 4315: 4314: 4312: 4311: 4306: 4305: 4304: 4295: 4285: 4280: 4274: 4272: 4263: 4262: 4260: 4259: 4256:article wizard 4249: 4247:Tip of the day 4244: 4239: 4238: 4237: 4232: 4222: 4217: 4212: 4207: 4201: 4199: 4193: 4188: 4187: 4185: 4184: 4179: 4174: 4169: 4164: 4159: 4154: 4149: 4144: 4139: 4133: 4131: 4122: 4121: 4119: 4118: 4113: 4108: 4098: 4093: 4088: 4087: 4086: 4081: 4074:Administration 4070: 4068: 4059: 4058: 4056: 4055: 4043: 4031: 4019: 4007: 3994: 3993: 3992: 3970: 3967: 3966: 3961: 3959: 3958: 3951: 3944: 3936: 3927: 3926: 3924: 3923: 3917: 3915: 3909: 3908: 3906: 3905: 3899: 3897: 3893: 3892: 3890: 3889: 3878: 3867: 3856: 3844: 3842: 3838: 3837: 3835: 3834: 3829: 3824: 3819: 3814: 3809: 3804: 3802:Citation tools 3799: 3793: 3791: 3787: 3786: 3784: 3783: 3778: 3773: 3768: 3763: 3758: 3753: 3751:Reference-tags 3747: 3745: 3739: 3738: 3736: 3735: 3730: 3725: 3720: 3714: 3712: 3706: 3705: 3703: 3702: 3697: 3692: 3687: 3682: 3677: 3672: 3667: 3661: 3659: 3657:Citing sources 3653: 3652: 3650: 3649: 3644: 3639: 3634: 3629: 3623: 3621: 3620:General advice 3617: 3616: 3614: 3613: 3608: 3606:Citing sources 3603: 3602: 3601: 3591: 3586: 3581: 3575: 3573: 3569: 3568: 3563: 3561: 3560: 3553: 3546: 3538: 3530: 3529: 3527: 3526: 3519: 3512: 3505: 3475: 3469:don't require 3446: 3445: 3443: 3440: 3439: 3438: 3433: 3425: 3422: 3396: 3393: 3377: 3376: 3327: 3315: 3298:]</ref: --> 3289: 3288: 3271: 3251: 3190: 3189: 3168:|encyclopedia= 3150: 3128: 3085: 3084: 3071: 3024: 2987: 2984: 2981: 2980: 2979: 2978: 2964: 2951: 2938: 2924: 2902: 2898: 2897: 2890: 2883: 2876: 2869: 2837: 2836: 2835: 2834: 2821: 2807: 2794: 2781: 2767: 2751: 2750: 2749: 2742: 2735: 2728: 2721: 2714: 2688: 2687: 2685: 2684: 2669: 2667: 2652: 2649: 2646: 2645: 2644: 2641: 2636: 2625: 2622: 2621: 2614: 2604: 2603: 2602:What it makes 2600: 2454: 2451: 2450: 2449: 2438: 2426: 2423: 2422: 2379: 2377: 2374: 2372: 2369:QID (Q number) 2366: 2355: 2349: 2348: 2313: 2311: 2308: 2306: 2302: 2298: 2287: 2283: 2282: 2270: 2258: 2256: 2253: 2251: 2247: 2243: 2232: 2230: 2226: 2225: 2201: 2178: 2176: 2173: 2171: 2167: 2156: 2155:press release 2152: 2151: 2140: 2138: 2135: 2133: 2129: 2118: 2114: 2113: 2083: 2053: 2051: 2048: 2046: 2042: 2037:cite newsgroup 2031: 2024: 2020: 2015: 2013: 2009: 2008: 1986: 1966: 1964: 1961: 1959: 1942: 1930: 1929: 1906: 1890: 1888: 1885: 1883: 1879: 1868: 1864: 1863: 1844: 1819: 1817: 1814: 1812: 1808: 1804: 1795: 1791: 1780: 1776: 1775: 1764:(Mailing list) 1748: 1746: 1743: 1741: 1737: 1733: 1722: 1718: 1717: 1699: 1657: 1655: 1652: 1650: 1646: 1635: 1633: 1629: 1628: 1619:Kramer, Martin 1613: 1598: 1596: 1593: 1591: 1586: 1574: 1573: 1564:Kramer, Martin 1558: 1543: 1541: 1538: 1536: 1532: 1528: 1516: 1515: 1510:Meriam-Webster 1492: 1490: 1487: 1485: 1481: 1477: 1466: 1464: 1462: 1458: 1457: 1440: 1438: 1435: 1433: 1422: 1418: 1417: 1401: 1375: 1373: 1370: 1368: 1364: 1360: 1348: 1347: 1331: 1319: 1317: 1314: 1312: 1308: 1304: 1293: 1291: 1289: 1285: 1284: 1280:Journal Herald 1262:Caniff, Milton 1257: 1255: 1252: 1250: 1239: 1235: 1234: 1195: 1193: 1190: 1188: 1177: 1173: 1172: 1145: 1125: 1123: 1120: 1118: 1114: 1110: 1098: 1097: 1067: 1049: 1025: 1023: 1020: 1018: 1014: 1010: 999: 995: 994: 942:Borwein, Peter 932: 913: 911: 908: 906: 897: 885: 884: 831:Borwein, Peter 821: 802: 800: 797: 795: 791: 780: 769: 767: 765: 763: 759: 758: 752: 732: 712: 705:10.1007/b62130 689:Mumford, David 683: 681: 678: 676: 664: 663: 656: 636: 615: 608:10.1007/b62130 592:Mumford, David 586: 584: 581: 579: 575: 564: 560: 559: 556: 553: 550: 530: 529: 526: 519: 510: 435: 432: 390: 387: 323: 320: 295: 292: 268: 265: 176: 173:Help:Footnotes 168: 165: 159:, rather than 125: 124: 121: 120: 113: 106: 98: 93: 90: 78: 77: 69: 67: 15: 13: 10: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 6212: 6201: 6198: 6196: 6193: 6191: 6188: 6187: 6185: 6170: 6167: 6165: 6162: 6158: 6155: 6154: 6153: 6150: 6148: 6145: 6143: 6140: 6138: 6137:Accessibility 6135: 6131: 6128: 6127: 6126: 6121: 6120: 6116: 6114: 6113: 6108: 6107: 6104: 6096: 6093: 6091: 6088: 6087: 6085: 6083: 6080: 6078: 6075: 6073: 6070: 6068: 6065: 6063: 6060: 6058: 6055: 6053: 6050: 6046: 6043: 6041: 6038: 6037: 6036: 6033: 6031: 6028: 6026: 6023: 6021: 6018: 6017: 6015: 6011: 6005: 6002: 6000: 5997: 5993: 5990: 5988: 5985: 5983: 5982:Editing tools 5980: 5978: 5977:Browser tools 5975: 5973: 5970: 5969: 5968: 5965: 5963: 5960: 5956: 5953: 5951: 5948: 5946: 5943: 5942: 5941: 5938: 5936: 5933: 5929: 5926: 5925: 5924: 5921: 5919: 5916: 5914: 5911: 5909: 5906: 5904: 5901: 5899: 5896: 5895: 5893: 5889: 5888:Customisation 5885: 5879: 5878:Useful styles 5876: 5874: 5871: 5869: 5866: 5864: 5861: 5859: 5856: 5854: 5851: 5849: 5846: 5844: 5841: 5839: 5836: 5835: 5833: 5831: 5827: 5823: 5817: 5814: 5812: 5809: 5805: 5802: 5800: 5797: 5796: 5795: 5792: 5788: 5785: 5784: 5783: 5780: 5778: 5775: 5769: 5766: 5765: 5764: 5761: 5760: 5759: 5756: 5754: 5751: 5749: 5746: 5744: 5741: 5737: 5734: 5733: 5732: 5729: 5727: 5724: 5722: 5719: 5717: 5714: 5712: 5709: 5708: 5706: 5704: 5700: 5694: 5691: 5687: 5684: 5682: 5679: 5678: 5677: 5674: 5670: 5667: 5666: 5665: 5662: 5660: 5657: 5653: 5650: 5648: 5645: 5644: 5643: 5640: 5638: 5635: 5633: 5630: 5628: 5625: 5623: 5620: 5618: 5615: 5613: 5610: 5608: 5605: 5603: 5600: 5599: 5597: 5594: 5589: 5585: 5579: 5576: 5572: 5569: 5568: 5567: 5564: 5560: 5557: 5556: 5555: 5552: 5548: 5545: 5544: 5543: 5542:Math formulas 5540: 5536: 5533: 5531: 5528: 5526: 5525:How to create 5523: 5522: 5521: 5518: 5516: 5513: 5512: 5510: 5506: 5500: 5497: 5495: 5492: 5488: 5485: 5483: 5480: 5478: 5475: 5474: 5473: 5470: 5468: 5465: 5461: 5458: 5456: 5453: 5451: 5448: 5446: 5443: 5441: 5438: 5436: 5433: 5431: 5428: 5427: 5426: 5423: 5419: 5416: 5414: 5411: 5410: 5409: 5406: 5404: 5401: 5400: 5398: 5393: 5389: 5383: 5380: 5378: 5375: 5373: 5370: 5368: 5365: 5361: 5358: 5356: 5353: 5351: 5348: 5347: 5346: 5343: 5339: 5336: 5334: 5331: 5329: 5328:Interlanguage 5326: 5325: 5324: 5321: 5320: 5318: 5316: 5312: 5308: 5302: 5301:Using colours 5299: 5295: 5292: 5290: 5287: 5285: 5282: 5280: 5277: 5275: 5272: 5270: 5267: 5266: 5265: 5262: 5260: 5257: 5255: 5252: 5248: 5247:Time function 5245: 5243: 5240: 5238: 5235: 5233: 5232:For beginners 5230: 5229: 5228: 5225: 5223: 5220: 5218: 5215: 5213: 5210: 5206: 5203: 5202: 5201: 5198: 5197: 5195: 5193: 5189: 5183: 5180: 5178: 5175: 5173: 5170: 5168: 5165: 5161: 5158: 5157: 5156: 5153: 5151: 5148: 5146: 5143: 5141: 5138: 5136: 5133: 5131: 5128: 5126: 5125:Page Curation 5123: 5119: 5116: 5115: 5114: 5111: 5107: 5104: 5102: 5099: 5098: 5097: 5096:Moving a page 5094: 5092: 5089: 5085: 5082: 5081: 5080: 5077: 5075: 5072: 5070: 5067: 5065: 5062: 5060: 5057: 5056: 5054: 5051: 5045: 5037: 5034: 5033: 5032: 5029: 5027: 5024: 5020: 5017: 5016: 5015: 5012: 5008: 5005: 5004: 5003: 5000: 4998: 4995: 4991: 4988: 4987: 4986: 4983: 4981: 4978: 4976: 4973: 4971: 4968: 4966: 4965:Mobile access 4963: 4959: 4956: 4955: 4954: 4951: 4949: 4946: 4942: 4939: 4937: 4934: 4932: 4931:Edit conflict 4929: 4927: 4924: 4923: 4922: 4919: 4915: 4912: 4910: 4907: 4906: 4905: 4904:Browser notes 4902: 4901: 4899: 4897: 4891: 4887: 4885: 4881: 4877: 4873: 4869: 4862: 4858: 4851: 4846: 4844: 4839: 4837: 4832: 4831: 4828: 4818: 4812: 4811: 4805: 4804: 4798: 4792: 4789: 4787: 4784: 4782: 4779: 4777: 4774: 4772: 4769: 4767: 4764: 4762: 4759: 4757: 4754: 4752: 4749: 4747: 4744: 4742: 4739: 4734: 4731: 4729: 4728:Abbreviations 4726: 4725: 4723: 4718: 4714: 4708: 4705: 4703: 4700: 4698: 4695: 4693: 4690: 4688: 4685: 4683: 4680: 4678: 4675: 4673: 4672:Music symbols 4670: 4668: 4665: 4663: 4660: 4658: 4655: 4653: 4650: 4648: 4645: 4643: 4640: 4638: 4635: 4633: 4630: 4628: 4625: 4623: 4620: 4619: 4617: 4612: 4608: 4602: 4599: 4597: 4594: 4591: 4588: 4586: 4582: 4579: 4575: 4572: 4571: 4570: 4567: 4563: 4560: 4559: 4558: 4555: 4553: 4550: 4546: 4543: 4542: 4541: 4538: 4536: 4533: 4531: 4528: 4525: 4521: 4518: 4516: 4513: 4511: 4508: 4506: 4503: 4501: 4498: 4496: 4493: 4489: 4488:edit conflict 4486: 4484: 4481: 4479: 4476: 4475: 4474: 4471: 4469: 4466: 4464: 4461: 4457: 4454: 4452: 4449: 4447: 4444: 4442: 4439: 4438: 4437: 4434: 4432: 4429: 4427: 4424: 4422: 4419: 4418: 4416: 4411: 4406: 4402: 4396: 4393: 4391: 4388: 4386: 4383: 4381: 4378: 4376: 4373: 4371: 4368: 4366: 4363: 4361: 4358: 4356: 4353: 4351: 4348: 4346: 4343: 4341: 4338: 4336: 4333: 4331: 4330:Accessibility 4328: 4327: 4325: 4320: 4316: 4310: 4307: 4303: 4296: 4294: 4291: 4290: 4289: 4286: 4284: 4281: 4279: 4276: 4275: 4273: 4268: 4264: 4257: 4253: 4250: 4248: 4245: 4243: 4240: 4236: 4233: 4231: 4228: 4227: 4226: 4223: 4221: 4218: 4216: 4213: 4211: 4208: 4206: 4203: 4202: 4200: 4195: 4189: 4183: 4182:Viewing media 4180: 4178: 4175: 4173: 4170: 4168: 4165: 4163: 4160: 4158: 4157:Mobile access 4155: 4153: 4150: 4148: 4145: 4143: 4140: 4138: 4135: 4134: 4132: 4127: 4123: 4117: 4114: 4112: 4109: 4106: 4102: 4099: 4097: 4094: 4092: 4089: 4085: 4082: 4080: 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3587: 3585: 3582: 3580: 3579:Verifiability 3577: 3576: 3574: 3570: 3566: 3559: 3554: 3552: 3547: 3545: 3540: 3539: 3536: 3524: 3520: 3517: 3513: 3510: 3506: 3503: 3502: 3497: 3496: 3491: 3482: 3480: 3476: 3472: 3468: 3464: 3460: 3456: 3451: 3448: 3441: 3437: 3434: 3431: 3428: 3427: 3423: 3421: 3418: 3410: 3405: 3394: 3392: 3390: 3386: 3382: 3373:</ref: --> 3370: 3355: 3342: 3334: 3328: 3320: 3316: 3310: 3294: 3293: 3292: 3284: 3279: 3275: 3272: 3255: 3252: 3246: 3229: 3225: 3218: 3211: 3202: 3199: 3198: 3197: 3195: 3176: 3158: 3151: 3147: 3140: 3133: 3129: 3115: 3108: 3104: 3103: 3102: 3100: 3093: 3079: 3072: 3066: 3056: 3046: 3036: 3029: 3025: 3019: 3012: 3008: 3007: 3006: 3003: 2999: 2994: 2985: 2974: 2968: 2965: 2961: 2955: 2952: 2948: 2942: 2939: 2935: 2929: 2925: 2921: 2915: 2911: 2910: 2909: 2907: 2903: 2901: 2895: 2891: 2888: 2884: 2881: 2877: 2874: 2870: 2867: 2863: 2862: 2861: 2856: 2844: 2839: 2830: 2825: 2824:Turner (1851) 2822: 2818: 2812: 2808: 2804: 2798: 2795: 2791: 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