369:
1829:
830:
945:
1947:
299:
southwestern part feeds Lake Assal, while those from the northeastern plateau feed the pans or flow into the sea. There are 20 pans in the northeast and east of Lake Abbe, a number of small pans and one large pan of 20,000 hectares (49,000 acres) area to the north and northeast of Lake Assal at elevations of 300–600 metres (980–1,970 ft) support very little vegetation. Pans and valley floors of small
178:
933:). The bird remains hidden in the dense undergrowth of boxwood and clutia during the day. It roosts on these trees which grow to 16–26 metres (52–85 ft) height. They search for food in the evenings and mostly feed on figs, small fruits, termites and insects. The Djibouti spurfowl has been featured on two stamps; one of 35 francs, in 1989 from Djibouti, and another of 500
378:
169:). Subsequent to Djibouti becoming independent, important laws enacted were: Resolution no 262/7 of 12 May 1972 relating to protection of natural wealth and prehistoric remains; Resolution no 72-1363 of 20 September 1972 for the protection of marine fauna and habitats and Decree No. 80-062/PR/MCTT of 25 May 1980 relating to the protection of marine fauna and habitats.
42:
23:
581:
231:
26 days in a year, is very wide. It ranges from as low as 5 inches (130 mm) in the coastal regions whereas in the northern and mountainous portions of the country, it is about 15 inches (380 mm). Rain falls between
January and March, in short periods and with heavy intensity, causing flash floods.
206:
and its tributaries, also originating in
Ethiopia with only small flats as part of Djibouti. Apart from the two large lakes, Djibouti lacks perennial rivers and hence the dependence for water is more on ground water sources. Thus, in Djibouti's wildlife, in the harsh terrain, forests account for less
239:
The Day Forest
National Park is a woodland habitat, which includes part of the forest mass of the Goda mountain massif. The Goda mountain's forests, the east face of which is part of the park, is considered a "spectacular natural oddity ... rare species of green on Djibouti's parched map like a
230:
in the northern region with the low of 10 °C (50 °F), while the rest of the country experiences hot climatic conditions with temperature soaring to more than 40 °C (104 °F) in summer. Humidity is also very high during this period. The variation of rainfall, which occurs for about
285:
The forest of junipers is under long-term environmental threat. A million years ago, its area was believed to have been 40,000 hectares (99,000 acres) but as of 1990 it was only 900 hectares (2,200 acres) . Loss is attributed to climate change and human destruction, including fires, cattle grazing,
197:
is very rugged and has a succession of high plateaus and mountain ranges, and plateaus and hills of medium altitude. There is naturally very little arable land in desert areas. The highest peak is Mount Moussa and there are two major lakes: Lake Assal which is saline at (-) 155 metres (509 ft)
130:
According to the country profile related to biodiversity of wildlife in
Djibouti, the country contains some 820 species of plants, 493 species of invertebrates, 455 species of fish, 40 species of reptiles, 3 species of amphibians, 360 species of birds and 66 species of mammals. Wildlife of Djibouti
405:
and Mabla mountains. On Mount Goda, near
Tadjoura, there are rare giant juniper trees, acacias, and wild olive trees. However, most of the vegetation is typical of the desert and semi-desert, consisting of thorn scrubs and palm trees. There are 534 species of plants recorded in the Goda and Mabla
207:
than one percent of its total land area of 23,200 square kilometres (9,000 sq mi). Pans, foothills and tidal wetlands, and
Djibouti areas under the Eritrean Coastal Desert Ecoregion, though not brought under protection laws, also have some degree of wildlife of vegetation and fauna.
298:
Lake Assal's peripheral salt pans support Red Sea coastal salt desert vegetation. Lake Abbe, at the southern end of
Djibouti, is fed by the Awash River and its tributaries, which flows from Ethiopia and local ephemeral streams. The hills nearby feed many other small pans. Drainage from the
270:. Distribution of the plants in the park varies with elevation. Vegetation above 950 metres (3,120 ft), where the topography is rugged, consists of those species already mentioned. Vegetation below 950 metres (3,120 ft), which has the benefit of better water sources, consists of
400:
Most of the land in
Djibouti is desert. However, wildlife vegetation is made up of semi-desert grassland, shrub land and succulent scrub. The coastal area consists of desert and mangrove. Dry evergreen forests are in the mountains of Mount Goda in the Day National Park near
188:
Wildlife in
Djibouti is spread over three main regions namely, from the northern mountain region of the country to the volcanic plateaus in its southern and central part and culminating in the coastal region. In spite of harsh climatic conditions, the terrain of
354:
is a mix of rocky areas, old coral reefs that are exposed only at low tide, and sandy beaches. The ecoregion has remained undisturbed, but degraded near populated areas and, due to hunting, is now proposed to be brought under protection laws.
123:(only a small part of the flats of this lake are in Djibouti), and many salt pans which are flooded occasionally from the wadis and the coastal tidal wetlands. The coastal belt of Djibouti also has a diversity of marine life or
841:
The bird species reported in
Djibouti consists of 399 species including one endemic (native) species, eight globally threatened species, and two introduced species. Further details under categories of the
303:(streams) in the coastal hills lying at range of 50–100 metres (160–330 ft), and the largest of these pans covers 20,000 hectares (49,000 acres). They have salt marsh or salt desert vegetation.
75:, consisting of its flora and fauna, is in a harsh landscape with forest accounting for less than one percent of its area. Most species are found in the northern part of the country in the
343:. This ecoregion in Djibouti's Ras Siyyan consists of rocky terrain, old coral reefs seen during low tide, and sandy beaches. Among the several offshore islands in this region are the
2050:
815:
is reported. At least 99 individuals have been recorded. However, they face competition from cattle in grazing. Hence, a proposal has been made to establish a wildlife refuge.
693:
In the Coastal Desert Ecoregion, resident fauna and few endemics are reported. These consists mainly of three near-endemic species of reptiles, the Ogaden burrowing asp (
2608:
2378:
290:(WWF) has reported that 88 percent of the Day Forest has been lost in the last two centuries, and more than 20 percent of the loss has occurred in the last 50 years.
350:
This region lies below 200 metres (660 ft), and is generally flat with sand or gravel plains interspersed with occasional outcrop of rocks. The coastline near
2038:
2300:
1926:
938:
166:
2045:
22:
2523:
157:
Day Forest National Park was declared a national park in 1939 by the then governor of the country, when Djibouti (an independent nation in 1977), was a
1862:
89:
forest, with many of the trees rising to 20 metres (66 ft) height. This forest area is the main habitat of the critically endangered and endemic
2363:
1936:
248:
and forms Djibouti's largest vegetated area. The park protects at least four known endemic plant species. The forest is dominated by such trees as
2055:
1911:
1763:"The decline of the Djibouti francolin and juniper woodland in the ForĂŞt du Day, Djibouti: A response to climate changes and grazing pressure?"
2383:
2077:
1688:
1661:
1551:
1511:
1432:
1379:
1247:
218:, are found in the northern part of the country which are protected under the Day Forest National Park, the only national park in Djibouti.
2087:
2258:
1875:
1921:
1596:
1574:
764:). As a result of the hunting ban imposed since early 1970 these species are well conserved now. Other characteristic mammals are
2293:
1236:
International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources; Norway. Direktoratet for utviklingshjelp (December 1989).
742:
2634:
2136:
2082:
1967:
1787:
2398:
2033:
1992:
1855:
1809:
1306:
2717:
2681:
2677:
1704:
2286:
2227:
2067:
921:
woodland with a closed canopy on a plateau when this tree was in abundance. It has now adapted to live in the boxwood
736:
244:. The Goda Mountains, which rise to a height of 1,783 metres (5,850 ft), lie northwest of the Gulf of Tadjoura,
2712:
2690:
1987:
1739:
1200:
Seabird colonies are present in the coastal belt. The Sept Frères islands, in particular have breeding colonies of
1107:
287:
83:, with a peak of 1,783 metres (5,850 ft). It covers an area of 3.5 square kilometres (1.4 sq mi) of
2438:
824:
793:
707:
266:
450:
2673:
2548:
2538:
2343:
2222:
2177:
2023:
1946:
1848:
894:
344:
227:
76:
753:
336:
1184:
1158:
525:
2553:
2443:
2373:
2207:
2113:
638:
604:
555:
1164:
519:
2664:
2613:
2533:
2498:
2483:
2468:
2423:
2358:
695:
483:
462:
444:
426:
158:
2660:
2642:
468:
456:
406:
mountains including a number of endemic species. Two species of particular interest are the Nubian tree (
2488:
2202:
2187:
2146:
2131:
2072:
2028:
1977:
1972:
1955:
1115:
910:
847:
632:
507:
501:
438:
116:
49:
2638:
2212:
1174:
1024:
573:
537:
489:
929:
917:
since its population underwent a 90% decline over twenty years. The Djibouti spurfowl preferred dense
432:
2588:
2563:
2413:
2408:
2353:
2338:
2232:
2011:
1931:
1201:
1099:
1008:
909:
and the latter is 80 kilometres (50 mi) northeast of the ForĂŞt du Day. The species was declared
800:) are thought to be extinct in Djibouti. However, there are refuges where the cheetahs are breeding.
773:
414:
135:
780:, a vulnerable species, is also found in the Day National Park. The coastal waters have dugongs and
312:
2651:
2573:
2543:
2528:
2513:
2503:
2493:
2458:
2453:
2403:
2348:
2323:
2251:
2160:
2141:
2101:
1982:
1883:
1209:
1148:
1064:
1000:
949:
561:
543:
260:
2583:
2578:
2518:
2473:
2433:
2328:
2309:
2197:
2172:
2126:
923:
859:
812:
701:
626:
616:
513:
475:
Vegetation recorded on the periphery of lakes, pans, wadi valley beds and coastal foothills are:
420:
1498:
Biodiversity in sub-saharan Africa and its islands: conservation, management and sustainable use
1543:
1503:
944:
2558:
2508:
2463:
2448:
2428:
2418:
2393:
2333:
2267:
2217:
1916:
1803:
1684:
1678:
1657:
1651:
1547:
1507:
1428:
1375:
1369:
1243:
1091:
1032:
918:
886:
834:
495:
477:
387:
340:
215:
124:
90:
85:
1422:
1237:
320:
311:
The Eritrean Coastal Desert Ecoregion stretches along the southern coast of the Red Sea from
2568:
2478:
2368:
2192:
2118:
1906:
1179:
984:
965:
906:
789:
781:
769:
765:
660:
610:
531:
241:
210:
The northern region has the Goda massif and the relic vegetation of the flora particularly,
1331:
115:
Wildlife are also found in the country's wetland ecosystem which includes two large lakes,
1828:
1080:
1072:
1056:
992:
957:
902:
855:
621:
567:
368:
327:
and Djibouti funnel. During every autumn, large bird migrations have been recorded in the
57:
642:
shrubland. The coastal vegetation in this region consists of halophytic vegetation with
596:
Flora recorded in the Coastal Desert Ecoregion are: herbaceous/grassy steppe species of
2060:
1901:
1896:
1834:
1496:
1131:
1123:
1016:
898:
867:
829:
804:
598:
549:
408:
332:
132:
53:
2706:
1536:
934:
654:
254:
1400:
681:) occurs in Djibouti where it is chewed by 90% of the men; its effect is a state of
1891:
1040:
973:
875:
863:
785:
677:
143:
1621:
1461:
2182:
1169:
1153:
893:) which is critically endangered. It is found in two locations in Djibouti, the
245:
203:
104:. The area also contains many species of woody and herbaceous plants, including
1824:
1762:
1189:
1048:
851:
648:
351:
177:
146:
109:
94:
80:
643:
120:
112:, which account for sixty percent of the identified species in the country.
99:
198:(the lowest point in Africa); and Lake Abbe, the major part of which is in
580:
418:) in the national park. Other species reported as unique to Djibouti are:
377:
41:
1871:
843:
712:
682:
402:
199:
194:
182:
71:
61:
1705:"The population size and distribution of the Vulnerable beira antelope
1277:
777:
716:
316:
226:
Climatically, the coolest area in the country is in the forests of the
139:
79:
at an average elevation of 1,500 metres (4,900 ft), including the
2278:
745:
724:
190:
1840:
240:
giant oasis". It is located 30 kilometres (19 mi) west of the
943:
828:
740:
720:
665:
579:
328:
324:
176:
105:
914:
741:
672:
585:
300:
2282:
1844:
1231:
1229:
905:; the former is about 25 kilometres (16 mi) north of the
792:
are in the coastal waters where nesting also takes place. The
803:
In the southern mountain range of Aser-Jog, in Djibouti, the
668:
grasslands and shrublands in the inland areas of the coast.
1790:. Bird Stamps. Archived from the original on 1 October 2000
866:
have been reported in the coastal ecoregion. Of these, the
331:
area of Djibouti. The most common species recorded are the
214:. Fauna species, in particular the critically endangered
941:
as Djibouti was known during the French rule, in 1972.
837:
is endemic and is a critically endangered bird species.
752:
Mammals include several species of antelope, such as
1653:
Endangered Wildlife and Plants of the World: Fra-igu
592:), endemic to Djibouti, creates a state of euphoria.
2622:
2597:
2316:
2159:
2100:
2010:
1954:
1882:
784:; the latter need confirmation by further studies.
1645:
1643:
1535:
1495:
1363:
1361:
1359:
1357:
1355:
1353:
1740:"Avibase – Bird Checklists of the World:Djibouti"
1489:
1487:
1485:
1483:
1761:Fisher, Zomo Sikander Yusuf (September 2007).
1597:"BirdLife IBA Factsheet: DJ001 – Forêt de Day"
1575:"BirdLife IBA Factsheet: DJ001 – Forêt de Day"
2294:
1856:
1616:
1614:
8:
939:French Territory of the Afars and the Issas
167:French Territory of the Afars and the Issas
2301:
2287:
2279:
2165:
2106:
2016:
1960:
1863:
1849:
1841:
1272:
1270:
1268:
1266:
1090:The vulnerable bird species reported are:
286:tree felling and military exercises.) The
163:Territoire Français des Afars et des Issas
40:
1326:
1324:
1656:. Marshall Cavendish. pp. 581–582.
1146:The invertebrates species reported are:
711:). In its animal reserves, Djibouti has
1734:
1732:
1730:
1728:
1726:
1650:Marshall Cavendish Corporation (2001).
1494:S. N. Stuart; Richard J. Adams (1990).
1225:
862:are elaborated. However, 26 species of
1801:
1301:
1299:
1297:
1295:
983:The near-threatened bird species are:
885:The only endemic species found is the
1456:
1454:
1452:
1450:
1448:
1446:
1444:
1395:
1393:
1391:
956:The endangered species reported are:
577:are also found on some of the wadis.
7:
1680:Handbook of African medicinal plants
1937:Djiboutian–Eritrean border conflict
1927:French Territory of Afars and Issas
1368:R. H. Hughes; J. S. Hughes (1992).
14:
2609:Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic
2379:Democratic Republic of the Congo
1945:
1827:
699:), Ragazzi's cylindrical skink (
376:
367:
21:
1683:. CRC Press. pp. 146–147.
1371:A Directory of African Wetlands
705:), and Indian leaf-toed gecko (
347:, an archipelago of Djibouti.
1:
1332:"Visual History of the World"
798:Acinonyx jubatus soemmeringii
93:, and another recently noted
1768:. World Pheasant Association
1577:. BirdLife International.org
1534:Anthony Ham (30 July 2010).
1788:"Djibouti Francolin Stamps"
1622:"Ethiopian montane forests"
1280:. Living National Treasures
1239:The IUCN Sahel studies 1989
748:found in the coastal region
737:List of mammals of Djibouti
2734:
1542:. Lonely Planet. pp.
1427:. IUCN. 1992. p. 89.
1242:. IUCN. pp. 95, 104.
1096:Phalacrocorax nigrogularis
1077:Ichthyaetus leucophthalmus
895:ForĂŞt du Day National Park
822:
734:
451:Cynoglossopsis somaliensis
412:) and the Bankouale palm (
288:World Wide Fund for Nature
131:is also listed as part of
2245:
2168:
2109:
2019:
1963:
1943:
1808:: CS1 maint: unfit URL (
1462:"Eritrean coastal desert"
1309:. Encyclopædia Britannica
825:List of birds of Djibouti
794:Northeast African cheetah
760:) and Pelzeln's gazelle (
708:Hemidactylus flaviviridis
664:. The ecoregion also has
323:; it forms the shores of
267:Tarchonanthus camphoratus
127:, including coral reefs.
2364:Central African Republic
1742:. BirdLife International
1711:. Journals.cambridge.org
1677:Iwu, Maurice M. (1993).
1599:. BirdLife International
762:Gazella dorcas pelzelnii
307:Coastal Desert Ecoregion
235:Day Forest National Park
77:Day Forest National Park
60:in the northern part of
1307:"Plant and animal life"
1185:Euprosthenopsis vachoni
1159:Trichonotulus secquorum
1108:Beaudouin's snake-eagle
1104:Trigonoceps occipitalis
605:Cymbopogon schoenanthus
526:Heliotropum pterocarpum
2056:Japanese military base
2046:Foreign military bases
1626:Terrestrial Ecoregions
1466:Terrestrial Ecoregions
1403:. World Food Programme
1338:. All Art Organization
953:
937:denomination from the
891:Pternistis ochropectus
838:
749:
696:Atractaspis leucomelas
639:Caesalpinia erianthera
593:
556:Trianthema crystalline
185:
2524:SĂŁo TomĂ© and PrĂncipe
2384:Republic of the Congo
2051:Chinese military base
1707:Dorcatragus megalotis
1628:. World Wildlife Fund
1468:. World Wildlife Fund
1374:. IUCN. p. 132.
1165:Lophothericles popovi
1116:greater spotted eagle
970:Neophron percnopterus
947:
927:and the woody shrub (
911:critically endangered
848:critically endangered
832:
809:Dorcatragus megalotis
754:Soemmerring's gazelle
744:
583:
520:Halopeplis perfoliata
508:Cyperus conglomeratus
337:Soemmerring's gazelle
180:
1538:Lonely Planet Africa
1210:lesser-crested terns
1112:Circaetus beaudouini
1100:white-headed vulture
1009:white-backed vulture
997:Phoenicopterus minor
872:Buteo buteo vulpinus
758:Nanger soemmerringii
671:The medicinal plant
649:Rhizophora mucronata
584:The medicinal plant
484:Aeloropus lagopoides
463:Polygala goudahensis
445:Phagnalon lavranosii
427:Aloe ericahenriettae
415:Livistona carinensis
136:biodiversity hotspot
2718:Wildlife by country
2599:States with limited
2310:Wildlife of Africa
1401:"Le Pèlerin du Day"
1149:Eunidia djiboutiana
1065:black-tailed godwit
950:Urocolius macrourus
882:) are most common.
562:Urochondra setulosa
544:Sporobolus spicatus
469:Matthiola puntensis
457:Caralluma mireillae
345:Sept Frères islands
294:Lakes and salt pans
261:Buxus hildebrandtii
2137:Telecommunications
2061:U.S. military base
1912:Colonial governors
1214:Sterna bengalensis
1190:nursery web spider
1025:Rueppell's griffon
962:Pterodroma incerta
954:
924:Buxus sempervirens
839:
813:vulnerable species
811:), an endemic and
750:
702:Chalcides ragazzii
633:Rhigozum somalense
617:Lasiurus scindicus
594:
514:Eleusine compressa
502:Calatropis procera
439:Euphorbia amicorum
421:Aloe djiboutiensis
276:Terminalia brownie
186:
2713:Biota of Djibouti
2700:
2699:
2626:other territories
2399:Equatorial Guinea
2276:
2275:
2241:
2240:
2155:
2154:
2096:
2095:
2078:Political parties
2034:Foreign relations
2006:
2005:
1917:French Somaliland
1690:978-0-8493-4266-0
1663:978-0-7614-7199-8
1553:978-1-74104-988-6
1513:978-2-8317-0021-2
1502:. IUCN. pp.
1434:978-2-8317-0092-2
1381:978-2-88032-949-5
1249:978-2-88032-977-8
1175:Cryncus dmitrievi
1092:Socotra cormorant
1085:Coracias garrulus
1037:Falco vespertinus
1033:red-footed falcon
887:Djibouti spurfowl
880:Aquila nipalensis
835:Djibouti spurfowl
790:hawksbill turtles
782:Abyssinian genets
774:Hunter's antelope
574:Cadaba glandulosa
538:Salsola forskalii
496:Cenchrus ciliaris
490:Aeloropus persica
478:Cenchrus ciliaris
272:Buxus hildebranti
250:Juniperus procera
228:Day National Park
216:Djibouti spurfowl
212:Juniperus procera
153:Legal instruments
125:aquatic ecosystem
91:Djibouti spurfowl
86:Juniperus procera
2725:
2687:
2686:(United Kingdom)
2682:Tristan da Cunha
2678:Ascension Island
2670:
2657:
2648:
2624:Dependencies and
2317:Sovereign states
2303:
2296:
2289:
2280:
2261:
2254:
2166:
2122:
2107:
2017:
1961:
1949:
1907:Imamate of Aussa
1865:
1858:
1851:
1842:
1837:
1832:
1831:
1814:
1813:
1807:
1799:
1797:
1795:
1784:
1778:
1777:
1775:
1773:
1767:
1758:
1752:
1751:
1749:
1747:
1736:
1721:
1720:
1718:
1716:
1701:
1695:
1694:
1674:
1668:
1667:
1647:
1638:
1637:
1635:
1633:
1618:
1609:
1608:
1606:
1604:
1593:
1587:
1586:
1584:
1582:
1571:
1565:
1564:
1562:
1560:
1541:
1531:
1525:
1524:
1522:
1520:
1501:
1491:
1478:
1477:
1475:
1473:
1458:
1439:
1438:
1419:
1413:
1412:
1410:
1408:
1397:
1386:
1385:
1365:
1348:
1347:
1345:
1343:
1328:
1319:
1318:
1316:
1314:
1303:
1290:
1289:
1287:
1285:
1274:
1261:
1260:
1258:
1256:
1233:
1061:Numenius arquata
1021:Circus macrourus
1001:Jouanin's petrel
985:ferruginous duck
966:Egyptian vulture
930:Clutia abyssinia
907:Gulf of Tadjoura
770:hamadryas baboon
661:Avicennia marina
611:Panicum turgidum
532:Panicum turgidum
433:Euphorbia godana
392:Euphorbia godana
380:
371:
242:Gulf of Tadjoura
44:
36:
31:
25:
2733:
2732:
2728:
2727:
2726:
2724:
2723:
2722:
2703:
2702:
2701:
2696:
2695:
2685:
2668:
2655:
2646:
2627:
2625:
2618:
2602:
2600:
2593:
2312:
2307:
2277:
2272:
2264:
2257:
2250:
2237:
2228:Public holidays
2151:
2120:
2092:
2068:Law enforcement
2002:
1950:
1941:
1892:Kingdom of Adal
1878:
1869:
1833:
1826:
1823:
1818:
1817:
1800:
1793:
1791:
1786:
1785:
1781:
1771:
1769:
1765:
1760:
1759:
1755:
1745:
1743:
1738:
1737:
1724:
1714:
1712:
1703:
1702:
1698:
1691:
1676:
1675:
1671:
1664:
1649:
1648:
1641:
1631:
1629:
1620:
1619:
1612:
1602:
1600:
1595:
1594:
1590:
1580:
1578:
1573:
1572:
1568:
1558:
1556:
1554:
1533:
1532:
1528:
1518:
1516:
1514:
1493:
1492:
1481:
1471:
1469:
1460:
1459:
1442:
1435:
1421:
1420:
1416:
1406:
1404:
1399:
1398:
1389:
1382:
1367:
1366:
1351:
1341:
1339:
1330:
1329:
1322:
1312:
1310:
1305:
1304:
1293:
1283:
1281:
1276:
1275:
1264:
1254:
1252:
1250:
1235:
1234:
1227:
1222:
1198:
1144:
1081:European roller
1073:white-eyed gull
1057:Eurasian curlew
1029:Gyps rueppellii
1005:Bulweria fallax
993:lesser flamingo
958:Atlantic petrel
919:African juniper
903:Mabla Mountains
856:near-threatened
827:
821:
739:
733:
691:
622:Acacia tortilis
568:Acacia tortilis
398:
397:
396:
395:
383:
382:
381:
373:
372:
361:
309:
296:
237:
224:
202:and sourced by
175:
155:
66:
65:
64:
58:Mabla Mountains
51:
46:
45:
38:
37:
34:
32:
29:
26:
12:
11:
5:
2731:
2729:
2721:
2720:
2715:
2705:
2704:
2698:
2697:
2694:
2693:
2691:Western Sahara
2688:
2671:
2658:
2649:
2635:Canary Islands
2631:
2630:
2628:
2623:
2620:
2619:
2617:
2616:
2611:
2605:
2603:
2598:
2595:
2594:
2592:
2591:
2586:
2581:
2576:
2571:
2566:
2561:
2556:
2551:
2546:
2541:
2536:
2531:
2526:
2521:
2516:
2511:
2506:
2501:
2496:
2491:
2486:
2481:
2476:
2471:
2466:
2461:
2456:
2451:
2446:
2441:
2436:
2431:
2426:
2421:
2416:
2411:
2406:
2401:
2396:
2391:
2386:
2381:
2376:
2371:
2366:
2361:
2356:
2351:
2346:
2341:
2336:
2331:
2326:
2320:
2318:
2314:
2313:
2308:
2306:
2305:
2298:
2291:
2283:
2274:
2273:
2271:
2270:
2263:
2262:
2255:
2247:
2246:
2243:
2242:
2239:
2238:
2236:
2235:
2230:
2225:
2220:
2215:
2210:
2205:
2200:
2195:
2190:
2185:
2180:
2175:
2169:
2163:
2157:
2156:
2153:
2152:
2150:
2149:
2144:
2139:
2134:
2129:
2124:
2116:
2110:
2104:
2098:
2097:
2094:
2093:
2091:
2090:
2088:Prime Minister
2085:
2080:
2075:
2070:
2065:
2064:
2063:
2058:
2053:
2043:
2042:
2041:
2031:
2026:
2020:
2014:
2008:
2007:
2004:
2003:
2001:
2000:
1995:
1990:
1985:
1980:
1975:
1970:
1964:
1958:
1952:
1951:
1944:
1942:
1940:
1939:
1934:
1929:
1924:
1919:
1914:
1909:
1904:
1902:Adal Sultanate
1899:
1897:Ifat Sultanate
1894:
1888:
1886:
1880:
1879:
1870:
1868:
1867:
1860:
1853:
1845:
1839:
1838:
1835:Animals portal
1822:
1821:External links
1819:
1816:
1815:
1779:
1753:
1722:
1696:
1689:
1669:
1662:
1639:
1610:
1588:
1566:
1552:
1526:
1512:
1479:
1440:
1433:
1414:
1387:
1380:
1349:
1320:
1291:
1262:
1248:
1224:
1223:
1221:
1218:
1197:
1194:
1143:
1140:
1136:Falco naumanni
1132:lesser kestrel
1128:Aquila heliaca
1124:imperial eagle
1045:Falco concolor
1017:pallid harrier
1013:Gyps africanus
899:Goda Mountains
868:steppe buzzard
823:Main article:
820:
817:
805:beira antelope
735:Main article:
732:
729:
690:
687:
599:Aerva javanica
550:Suaeda monoica
409:Dracaena ombet
385:
384:
375:
374:
366:
365:
364:
363:
362:
360:
357:
341:Salt's dik-dik
333:dorcas gazelle
313:Balfair Assoli
308:
305:
295:
292:
236:
233:
223:
220:
181:Relief map of
174:
171:
154:
151:
133:Horn of Africa
54:Goda Mountains
48:
47:
39:
33:
28:
27:
20:
19:
18:
17:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2730:
2719:
2716:
2714:
2711:
2710:
2708:
2692:
2689:
2683:
2679:
2675:
2672:
2666:
2662:
2659:
2653:
2650:
2644:
2640:
2636:
2633:
2632:
2629:
2621:
2615:
2612:
2610:
2607:
2606:
2604:
2596:
2590:
2587:
2585:
2582:
2580:
2577:
2575:
2572:
2570:
2567:
2565:
2562:
2560:
2557:
2555:
2552:
2550:
2547:
2545:
2542:
2540:
2537:
2535:
2532:
2530:
2527:
2525:
2522:
2520:
2517:
2515:
2512:
2510:
2507:
2505:
2502:
2500:
2497:
2495:
2492:
2490:
2487:
2485:
2482:
2480:
2477:
2475:
2472:
2470:
2467:
2465:
2462:
2460:
2457:
2455:
2452:
2450:
2447:
2445:
2442:
2440:
2439:Guinea-Bissau
2437:
2435:
2432:
2430:
2427:
2425:
2422:
2420:
2417:
2415:
2412:
2410:
2407:
2405:
2402:
2400:
2397:
2395:
2392:
2390:
2387:
2385:
2382:
2380:
2377:
2375:
2372:
2370:
2367:
2365:
2362:
2360:
2357:
2355:
2352:
2350:
2347:
2345:
2342:
2340:
2337:
2335:
2332:
2330:
2327:
2325:
2322:
2321:
2319:
2315:
2311:
2304:
2299:
2297:
2292:
2290:
2285:
2284:
2281:
2269:
2266:
2265:
2260:
2256:
2253:
2249:
2248:
2244:
2234:
2231:
2229:
2226:
2224:
2221:
2219:
2216:
2214:
2211:
2209:
2206:
2204:
2201:
2199:
2196:
2194:
2191:
2189:
2186:
2184:
2181:
2179:
2176:
2174:
2171:
2170:
2167:
2164:
2162:
2158:
2148:
2145:
2143:
2140:
2138:
2135:
2133:
2130:
2128:
2125:
2123:
2117:
2115:
2112:
2111:
2108:
2105:
2103:
2099:
2089:
2086:
2084:
2081:
2079:
2076:
2074:
2071:
2069:
2066:
2062:
2059:
2057:
2054:
2052:
2049:
2048:
2047:
2044:
2040:
2037:
2036:
2035:
2032:
2030:
2027:
2025:
2022:
2021:
2018:
2015:
2013:
2009:
1999:
1996:
1994:
1991:
1989:
1986:
1984:
1981:
1979:
1976:
1974:
1971:
1969:
1966:
1965:
1962:
1959:
1957:
1953:
1948:
1938:
1935:
1933:
1930:
1928:
1925:
1923:
1920:
1918:
1915:
1913:
1910:
1908:
1905:
1903:
1900:
1898:
1895:
1893:
1890:
1889:
1887:
1885:
1881:
1877:
1873:
1866:
1861:
1859:
1854:
1852:
1847:
1846:
1843:
1836:
1830:
1825:
1820:
1811:
1805:
1789:
1783:
1780:
1764:
1757:
1754:
1741:
1735:
1733:
1731:
1729:
1727:
1723:
1710:
1708:
1700:
1697:
1692:
1686:
1682:
1681:
1673:
1670:
1665:
1659:
1655:
1654:
1646:
1644:
1640:
1627:
1623:
1617:
1615:
1611:
1598:
1592:
1589:
1576:
1570:
1567:
1555:
1549:
1545:
1540:
1539:
1530:
1527:
1515:
1509:
1505:
1500:
1499:
1490:
1488:
1486:
1484:
1480:
1467:
1463:
1457:
1455:
1453:
1451:
1449:
1447:
1445:
1441:
1436:
1430:
1426:
1425:
1418:
1415:
1402:
1396:
1394:
1392:
1388:
1383:
1377:
1373:
1372:
1364:
1362:
1360:
1358:
1356:
1354:
1350:
1337:
1333:
1327:
1325:
1321:
1308:
1302:
1300:
1298:
1296:
1292:
1279:
1273:
1271:
1269:
1267:
1263:
1251:
1245:
1241:
1240:
1232:
1230:
1226:
1219:
1217:
1215:
1211:
1207:
1206:Sterna bergii
1203:
1195:
1193:
1191:
1187:
1186:
1181:
1177:
1176:
1171:
1167:
1166:
1161:
1160:
1155:
1151:
1150:
1142:Invertebrates
1141:
1139:
1137:
1133:
1129:
1125:
1121:
1120:Clanga clanga
1117:
1113:
1109:
1105:
1101:
1097:
1093:
1088:
1086:
1082:
1078:
1074:
1070:
1069:Limosa limosa
1066:
1062:
1058:
1054:
1050:
1046:
1042:
1038:
1034:
1030:
1026:
1022:
1018:
1014:
1010:
1006:
1002:
998:
994:
990:
989:Aythya nyroca
986:
981:
979:
978:Falco cherrug
975:
971:
967:
963:
959:
952:
951:
946:
942:
940:
936:
932:
931:
926:
925:
920:
916:
912:
908:
904:
900:
896:
892:
888:
883:
881:
877:
873:
869:
865:
861:
857:
853:
849:
845:
836:
831:
826:
818:
816:
814:
810:
806:
801:
799:
795:
791:
787:
783:
779:
775:
771:
767:
766:Grevy's zebra
763:
759:
755:
747:
743:
738:
730:
728:
726:
722:
718:
714:
710:
709:
704:
703:
698:
697:
688:
686:
684:
680:
679:
674:
669:
667:
663:
662:
657:
656:
655:Ceriops tagal
651:
650:
645:
641:
640:
635:
634:
629:
628:
623:
619:
618:
613:
612:
607:
606:
601:
600:
591:
587:
582:
578:
576:
575:
570:
569:
564:
563:
558:
557:
552:
551:
546:
545:
540:
539:
534:
533:
528:
527:
522:
521:
516:
515:
510:
509:
504:
503:
498:
497:
492:
491:
486:
485:
480:
479:
473:
471:
470:
465:
464:
459:
458:
453:
452:
447:
446:
441:
440:
435:
434:
429:
428:
423:
422:
417:
416:
411:
410:
404:
393:
389:
379:
370:
358:
356:
353:
348:
346:
342:
338:
334:
330:
326:
322:
318:
314:
306:
304:
302:
293:
291:
289:
283:
281:
277:
273:
269:
268:
263:
262:
257:
256:
255:Olea africana
251:
247:
243:
234:
232:
229:
221:
219:
217:
213:
208:
205:
201:
196:
192:
184:
179:
172:
170:
168:
164:
160:
159:French colony
152:
150:
148:
145:
141:
137:
134:
128:
126:
122:
118:
113:
111:
107:
103:
101:
96:
92:
88:
87:
82:
78:
74:
73:
63:
59:
55:
50:
43:
24:
16:
2674:Saint Helena
2645:
2549:South Africa
2539:Sierra Leone
2388:
2344:Burkina Faso
2178:Demographics
2024:Constitution
1997:
1922:World War II
1792:. Retrieved
1782:
1770:. Retrieved
1756:
1744:. Retrieved
1713:. Retrieved
1709:in Djibouti"
1706:
1699:
1679:
1672:
1652:
1630:. Retrieved
1625:
1601:. Retrieved
1591:
1579:. Retrieved
1569:
1557:. Retrieved
1537:
1529:
1517:. Retrieved
1497:
1470:. Retrieved
1465:
1424:Afrotropical
1423:
1417:
1405:. Retrieved
1370:
1340:. Retrieved
1335:
1311:. Retrieved
1282:. Retrieved
1253:. Retrieved
1238:
1213:
1205:
1199:
1183:
1173:
1163:
1157:
1147:
1145:
1135:
1127:
1119:
1111:
1103:
1095:
1089:
1084:
1076:
1068:
1060:
1052:
1044:
1041:sooty falcon
1036:
1028:
1020:
1012:
1004:
996:
988:
982:
977:
974:saker falcon
969:
961:
955:
948:
928:
922:
890:
884:
879:
876:steppe eagle
871:
840:
808:
802:
797:
761:
757:
751:
706:
700:
694:
692:
678:Catha edulis
676:
670:
659:
653:
647:
637:
631:
625:
615:
609:
603:
597:
595:
590:Catha edulis
589:
572:
566:
560:
554:
548:
542:
536:
530:
524:
518:
512:
506:
500:
494:
488:
482:
476:
474:
467:
461:
455:
449:
443:
437:
431:
425:
419:
413:
407:
399:
391:
388:juniper tree
349:
310:
297:
284:
279:
275:
271:
265:
259:
253:
249:
238:
225:
211:
209:
187:
162:
156:
144:Gulf of Aden
129:
114:
98:
84:
70:wildlife of
69:
67:
15:
2601:recognition
2554:South Sudan
2444:Ivory Coast
2208:LGBT rights
2183:Djiboutians
2114:Agriculture
1202:swift terns
1170:grasshopper
1154:dung beetle
646:species of
627:Acacia asak
246:Afar Region
204:Awash River
193:origin and
110:olive trees
81:massif Goda
2707:Categories
2656:(Portugal)
2614:Somaliland
2534:Seychelles
2499:Mozambique
2484:Mauritania
2469:Madagascar
2424:The Gambia
2359:Cape Verde
2121:(currency)
1968:Localities
1278:"Djibouti"
1220:References
1196:Aqua fauna
1049:corn crake
874:) and the
860:vulnerable
852:endangered
352:Ras Siyyan
147:coral reef
117:Lake Assal
95:vertebrate
2489:Mauritius
2203:Languages
2188:Education
2147:Transport
2083:President
2029:Elections
1993:Volcanoes
1978:Districts
1956:Geography
1932:Civil War
1053:Crex crex
713:antelopes
644:mangroves
390:. Right:
173:Geography
161:known as
149:hotspot.
121:Lake Abbe
102:afarensis
100:Platyceps
2680: /
2676: /
2669:(France)
2663: /
2641: /
2637: /
2589:Zimbabwe
2564:Tanzania
2414:Ethiopia
2409:Eswatini
2389:Djibouti
2354:Cameroon
2339:Botswana
2268:Category
2233:Religion
2223:Olympics
2073:Military
2039:CJTF-HOA
2012:Politics
1998:Wildlife
1876:articles
1872:Djibouti
1804:cite web
1336:Djibouti
717:gazelles
683:euphoria
630:steppe,
403:Tadjoura
200:Ethiopia
195:rhyolite
191:basaltic
183:Djibouti
138:and the
72:Djibouti
62:Djibouti
2665:RĂ©union
2661:Mayotte
2652:Madeira
2647:(Spain)
2643:Melilla
2574:Tunisia
2544:Somalia
2529:Senegal
2514:Nigeria
2504:Namibia
2494:Morocco
2459:Liberia
2454:Lesotho
2404:Eritrea
2374:Comoros
2349:Burundi
2324:Algeria
2252:Outline
2173:Cuisine
2161:Culture
2142:Tourism
2102:Economy
1983:Regions
1973:Climate
1884:History
1180:cricket
913:by the
897:in the
864:raptors
844:endemic
778:warthog
731:Mammals
725:jackals
321:Ras Bir
317:Eritrea
222:Climate
140:Red Sea
106:boxwood
2684:
2667:
2654:
2584:Zambia
2579:Uganda
2519:Rwanda
2474:Malawi
2434:Guinea
2329:Angola
2198:Health
2132:Mining
2127:Energy
2119:Franc
1988:Rivers
1874:
1794:28 May
1772:29 May
1746:28 May
1715:25 May
1687:
1660:
1632:29 May
1603:29 May
1581:29 May
1559:29 May
1550:
1519:28 May
1510:
1472:29 May
1431:
1407:25 May
1378:
1342:25 May
1313:28 May
1284:31 May
1255:28 May
1246:
1208:) and
1182:; and
1130:) and
1079:) and
972:) and
935:francs
776:. The
746:Dugong
723:, and
721:hyenas
386:Left:
339:, and
280:Acacia
264:, and
2639:Ceuta
2559:Sudan
2509:Niger
2464:Libya
2449:Kenya
2429:Ghana
2419:Gabon
2394:Egypt
2334:Benin
2259:Index
2218:Music
2213:Media
1766:(PDF)
1506:–82.
819:Birds
786:Green
689:Fauna
666:xeric
359:Flora
329:Obock
325:Yemen
301:wadis
282:spp.
2569:Togo
2479:Mali
2369:Chad
2193:Flag
1810:link
1796:2011
1774:2011
1748:2011
1717:2011
1685:ISBN
1658:ISBN
1634:2011
1605:2011
1583:2011
1561:2011
1548:ISBN
1521:2011
1508:ISBN
1474:2011
1429:ISBN
1409:2011
1376:ISBN
1344:2011
1315:2011
1286:2011
1257:2011
1244:ISBN
1188:, a
1178:, a
1168:, a
1152:; a
915:IUCN
901:and
858:and
833:The
788:and
772:and
673:khat
658:and
586:khat
571:and
559:and
466:and
278:and
142:and
119:and
108:and
68:The
56:(2)
52:(1)
1546:–.
1544:652
1216:).
1138:).
1122:),
1114:),
1106:),
1098:),
1087:).
1071:),
1063:),
1055:),
1047:),
1039:),
1031:),
1023:),
1015:),
1007:),
999:),
991:),
980:).
964:),
319:to
315:in
2709::
1806:}}
1802:{{
1725:^
1642:^
1624:.
1613:^
1504:81
1482:^
1464:.
1443:^
1390:^
1352:^
1334:.
1323:^
1294:^
1265:^
1228:^
1192:.
1172:;
1162:;
1156:,
854:,
850:,
846:,
768:,
727:.
719:,
715:,
685:.
652:,
636:,
624:,
620:,
614:,
608:,
602:,
565:.
553:,
547:,
541:,
535:,
529:,
523:,
517:,
511:,
505:,
499:,
493:,
487:,
481:,
472:.
460:,
454:,
448:,
442:,
436:,
430:,
424:,
335:,
274:,
258:,
252:,
97:,
2302:e
2295:t
2288:v
1864:e
1857:t
1850:v
1812:)
1798:.
1776:.
1750:.
1719:.
1693:.
1666:.
1636:.
1607:.
1585:.
1563:.
1523:.
1476:.
1437:.
1411:.
1384:.
1346:.
1317:.
1288:.
1259:.
1212:(
1204:(
1134:(
1126:(
1118:(
1110:(
1102:(
1094:(
1083:(
1075:(
1067:(
1059:(
1051:(
1043:(
1035:(
1027:(
1019:(
1011:(
1003:(
995:(
987:(
976:(
968:(
960:(
889:(
878:(
870:(
807:(
796:(
756:(
675:(
588:(
394:.
165:(
35:2
30:1
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.