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Kes wrote works for orchestra (including a
Symphony in E Major), chamber music (including a voluminous violin sonata and a Romance in g minor dedicated to Eugène Ysäye) and songs. The idiom used by Kes is mainly late romantic. In addition to his own compositions, a number of manuscripts have survived
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Willem Kes was the son of the dairy trader
Adrianus Stoffel Kes and Cornelia Maria Krekelenbrug. He received his initial training as a violist and composer in Dordrecht with Ferdinand Böhme (harmony), Theodorus Thijssens (violin) and Friedrich Wilhelm Nothdurft (piano). At the time, he also performed
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His salary at the
Concertgebouw Orchestra consisted of 5,000 guilders a year, far below that of his foreign colleagues. The orchestra members also earned relatively little, between 500 and 1200 guilders a year. This was part of the reason why Kes went to Scotland to accept a better-paying post. When
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Kes put an end to the 19th-century habit of viewing a musical performance as primarily a social event. He put music first and instilled strict discipline in both his musicians and the audience. Orchestra members who were late for rehearsals were fined. Those who played badly had to stay after school
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In 1877, he was appointed leader of the first
Amsterdam Park Orchestra and the Amsterdamsche Orkest-Vereeniging. A year later, in 1878 he became director of the Dordrecht division of the Rotterdam Music Society (Maatschappij ter Bevordering der Toonkunst), followed by the conductorship of the newly
636:. Bio-bibliographisch woordenboek van Nederlandsche toonkunstenaars en toonkunstenaressen - Alsmede van schrijvers en schrijfsters op muziek-literarisch gebied, 2. uitgaaf met aanvullingen en verbeteringen. Utrecht: J. L. Beijers, p. 90.
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and study their parts in the boardroom. Of the audience, he demanded silence during performances and forbade the consumption of refreshments during rehearsals and concerts, which was still common until that time.
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as soloist at the farewell concert. Thanks to Kes, Mengelberg (24) was put in charge of a very disciplined orchestra, which under his direction grew into one of the major orchestras of the world.
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containing arrangements and transcriptions of works by other composers. His Violin
Concerto No. 1 was performed with some regularity, sometimes with himself as the soloist.
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symphony took place under Kes in May 1895. Under his leadership as conductor, many international soloists played with the
Concertgebouw Orchestra, including violinists
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a year later. Another innovation consisted in the establishment of theme concerts, the first one in 1893 with only modern French composers, attended by
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With his
Scottish orchestra, he gave a number of concerts in the Netherlands in 1898. After his time in Scotland, Kes left that year for
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Under Kes' direction and drill, the
Concertgebouw Orchestra grew to international fame. He introduced symphonic poems by
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This made him the prime contender for the post of chief conductor when a new orchestra was created for the
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Concertgebouw 125 jaar (in Dutch), documentary by
Nederlands Instituut voor Beeld & Geluid (YouTube)
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Second
Edition, Personenteil, Vol. 10 (Kemp – Lert). Kassel: Bärenreiter/Metzler, pp. 55–56
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373:. Dordrecht has a Willem Kes Park, while other cities also have named public spaces after him.
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369:. The Willem Kesstraat is a side street of Beethovenstraat, in the Amsterdam borough of
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Frits Zwart & Eduard Reeser (2003), "Kes, Willem". In: Ludwig Finscher (Ed.),
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Digital realization of Willem Kes' Symphony in E flat major by mdmusics (YouTube)
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90 Compositions by Willem Kes in the archives of the Nederlands Muziek Institut
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formed Park Orchestra (Parkorkest) at the Parkschouwburg in the Amsterdam
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Admitted to the Leipzig conservatory, Kes studied with the composers
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730:. New York & London: W.W. Norton, 1995, p. 20 and p. 295n24.
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The Naked Heart. The Bourgeois Experience from Victoria to Freud
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The list of compositions is based on Landman 2017, pp. 426–429.
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This article about a Dutch conductor or bandleader is a
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in 1888. He was tasked to put together the entirely new
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Royal Scottish National Orchestra Principal Conductors
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Kes retired in 1895 to join the Scottish Orchestra in
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878:Royal Concertgebouw Orchestra Principal Conductors
16:Dutch conductor, composer, violist, and violinist
821:. Koninklijk Concertgebouworkest. Archived from
741:"Hoeven, Kato van der - Sophie Drinker Institut"
1277:Royal Concertgebouw Orchestra chief conductors
345:at the age of 78. His body is interred at the
144:. He was the first principal conductor of the
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421:Violin Concerto No. 2 in F sharp major (1904)
8:
1252:Burials at Stahnsdorf South-Western Cemetery
629:. Den Haag: J. Philips Kruseman, p. 334
625:G. Keller & Ph. Krusemann, eds. (1932).
446:Violin Sonata No. 1 in F minor, Op. 4 (1869)
418:Hymn of the Dutch and British Anthems (1895)
462:Bagatellen, Sechs kleine StĂĽcke fĂĽr Klavier
152:, holding that position from 1888 to 1895.
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812:International Music Score Library Project
715:Willem Kes - Toonkunstenaar uit Dordrecht
600:Willem Kes - Toonkunstenaar uit Dordrecht
397:for violin & orchestra, Op. 3 (1876)
693:
653:Jozef Robijns en Miep Zijlstra (1980).
669:Die Musik in Geschichte und Gegenwart.
403:for cello and orchestra (1879 of 1882)
765:Een eeuw Nederlandse muziek 1815-1915
650:, Vol. 12A, Bd.1. Mainz. p. 917.
357:In 1894 Kes was made a knight in the
337:. He concluded his musical career in
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293:Kes was also active as a teacher of
365:also granted him Knighthood of the
767:. Amsterdam: Querido, pp. 189–193.
14:
657:deel 5, Unieboek 1980, pagina 172
467:Sonata for String Quartet, Op. 28
452:for violin and piano No. 2 (1874)
347:Stahnsdorf South-Western Cemetery
1302:European conductor (music) stubs
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409:Violin Concerto No. 1 (<1883)
128:, 22 February 1934, was a Dutch
620:Het Concertgebouworkest 75 jaar
615:(1911), Nijgh & Van Ditmar.
564:Mazurka No. 1 in D sharp (1876)
513:Lieder eines fahrenden Gesellen
471:Musik fĂĽr 4 Streichinstrumenten
415:Symphony in E flat major (1894)
745:www.sophie-drinker-institut.de
618:Marius Flothuis (Ed.) (1963).
568:Allegro (ma non troppo) vivace
328:Piano Concerto in E flat major
309:Career after the Concertgebouw
62:22 February 1934 (age 78)
1:
1267:Dutch male conductors (music)
430:Serenade for Orchestra, Op. 8
406:Concert Overture No. 2 (1880)
391:Concert Overture No. 1 (1874)
1195:. You can help Knowledge by
1142:. You can help Knowledge by
655:Algemene Muziek Encyclopedie
634:Muzikaal Nederland 1850-1910
395:Charakteristische Tanzweisen
1297:Dutch music biography stubs
717:. Dordrecht: De Nwe Bengel.
682:Regionaal Archief Dordrecht
639:Eduard A. Melchior (1890).
627:GeĂŻllustreerd muzieklexicon
602:. Dordrecht: De Nwe Bengel.
361:. About the same time, the
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1282:Dutch classical violinists
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286:, and Portuguese baritone
166:with the local orchestra.
1287:Male classical violinists
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808:Free scores by Willem Kes
641:Woordenboek der toonkunst
441:Chamber Music (selection)
28:
1262:Dutch conductors (music)
483:Choral works (selection)
427:for violin and orchestra
252:. The Dutch premiere of
161:Early life and education
367:Order of St. Stanislaus
209:Concertgebouw Orchestra
146:Concertgebouw Orchestra
103:Concertgebouw Orchestra
763:Eduard Reeser (1950),
664:, deel II, p. 305
386:Orchestral (selection)
359:Order of Orange-Nassau
353:Honors and recognition
205:neighborhood in 1883.
38:Background information
1272:People from Dordrecht
787:Lexicon der Toonkunst
785:Henri Viotta (1883).
702:Lexicon der Toonkunst
700:Henri Viotta (1883).
662:Lexicon der Toonkunst
660:Henri Viotta (1883).
646:Hugo Riemann (1959).
412:Cello Concerto (1886)
124:, 16 February 1856 –
1292:Dutch composer stubs
713:Rob Landman (2017).
632:J.H. Letzer (1913).
598:Rob Landman (2017).
232:to the Netherlands:
1045:Warwick Braithwaite
1027:Vladimir Golschmann
303:Kato van der Hoeven
288:Francisco d'Andrade
219:Concertgebouworkest
789:, Vol. II, p. 306.
704:, Vol. II, p. 305.
643:1890, p. 352.
607:Works of reference
544:Stimmen des Lebens
497:Friedrich Schiller
425:Slovakian Rhapsody
107:Scottish Orchestra
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1093:Alexander Lazarev
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901:Eduard van Beinum
895:Willem Mengelberg
553:Piano (selection)
524:Songs (selection)
320:Willem Mengelberg
264:Pablo de Sarasate
179:Henryk Wieniawski
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46:16 February 1856
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1197:expanding it
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1144:expanding it
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931:Klaus Mäkelä
888:
827:. Retrieved
823:the original
819:"Dirigenten"
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748:. Retrieved
744:
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726:Gay, Peter.
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450:GroĂźe Sonate
449:
434:Im Nordfjord
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377:Compositions
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276:Leopold Auer
268:Eugène Ysaÿe
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238:in 1891 and
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1247:1934 deaths
1242:1856 births
1075:Neeme Järvi
613:Onze Musici
538:Eichendorff
530:Winternacht
489:Der Taucher
476:Fraueninsel
324:Franz Liszt
278:, pianists
99:Formerly of
53:Netherlands
1236:Categories
1057:Karl Rankl
991:Willem Kes
889:Willem Kes
829:2007-05-21
750:2021-02-01
688:References
593:Monographs
503:Kriegslied
118:Willem Kes
23:Willem Kes
259:New World
150:Amsterdam
142:violinist
130:conductor
122:Dordrecht
93:pedagogue
89:Conductor
79:Classical
49:Dordrecht
540:, Op. 13
534:baritone
509:Wein her
464:, Op. 12
456:Serenade
235:Don Juan
203:Plantage
134:composer
814:(IMSLP)
810:at the
511:, from
493:Cantata
401:Andante
339:Koblenz
322:played
316:Glasgow
241:Macbeth
138:violist
126:MĂĽnchen
69:Germany
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1107:(2012)
1101:(2005)
1095:(1997)
1089:(1992)
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1029:(1928)
1023:(1926)
1017:(1916)
1011:(1910)
1005:(1900)
999:(1898)
993:(1895)
987:(1893)
933:(2027)
927:(2016)
921:(2004)
915:(1988)
909:(1963)
903:(1945)
897:(1895)
891:(1888)
561:(1872)
532:, for
505:(1914)
478:(1924)
458:(1885)
343:Munich
335:Moscow
290:sang.
140:, and
75:Genres
65:Munich
575:No. 2
299:cello
295:viola
1193:stub
1140:stub
297:and
282:and
274:and
248:and
193:and
181:and
173:and
156:Life
59:Died
43:Born
515:by
326:'s
256:'s
148:of
1238::
743:.
491:,
305:.
270:,
266:,
197:.
189:,
136:,
132:,
91:,
67:,
51:,
1224:e
1217:t
1210:v
1199:.
1171:e
1164:t
1157:v
1146:.
966:e
959:t
952:v
870:e
863:t
856:v
832:.
753:.
519:.
120:(
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