1548:"William Cecil's public conduct does not present itself in quite so amiable a light. As his predecessor, Lord Winchester, said of himself, he was sprung "from the willow rather than the oak". Neither Cecil nor Lord Winchester were men to suffer for the sake of obstinate convictions. The interest of the state was the supreme consideration for Burghley, and to it he had no hesitation in sacrificing individual consciences. He frankly disbelieved in toleration; "that state", he said, "could never be in safety where there was a toleration of two religions. For there is no enmity so great as that for religion; and therefore they that differ in the service of their God can never agree in the service of their country". With a maxim such as this, it was easy for him to maintain that Elizabeth's coercive measures were political and not religious. To say that he was Machiavellian is meaningless, for every statesman is so, more or less; especially in the 16th century men preferred efficiency to principle. On the other hand, principles are valueless without law and order; and Burghley's craft and subtlety prepared a security in which principles might find some scope."
852:
1135:
1367:
1589:, in 1569, during the early years of her imprisonment. It was an acrimonious encounter in which he angrily refuted Mary's contention that Elizabeth was treating her harshly. However, he admitted in his subsequent letter to Cecil that despite his hostility towards Mary, he had found her to be somewhat alluring and advised that she be kept under strict confinement for fear that she would have a similar impact on others. Elizabeth was jealous of her Scottish rival and, although he was at pains to stress that Mary in no way surpassed her in charm and beauty, White could well have forfeited his recently acquired favour had this relation been communicated to his queen; Cecil seems to have kept it from his royal mistress.
1275:
her "doubtful dealing with the Queen of Scots". He made a strong attack on everything he thought
Elizabeth had done wrong as queen. In his view, Mary had to be executed because she had become a rallying cause for Catholics and played into the hands of the Spanish and of the pope, who excommunicated Elizabeth in 1570 and sent in Jesuits to organise a Catholic underground. Following the Harleyford Conference of July 1586 these missionaries would set up a highly effective underground system for the transport and support of priests arriving from the Continent. Elizabeth's indecision was maddening; finally in 1587 Elizabeth had Mary executed.
67:
576:
589:
6328:
1529:
task of receiving and crafting a wide and large array of papers on behalf of Queen
Elizabeth I and her Privy Council; finance, administration, foreign policy, and religion figure prominently, as does the shift from continental war to Ireland. These letters reveal the intimate relationship between the father and son; Burghley's care for his family, his thoughts of death, and a unique record of illness and old age are framed by his political and spiritual anxieties for the future of the Queen and her realms.
5359:
597:
1079:, Cecil proposed to strengthen and revitalise the Navy, making it the centrepiece of English power. He did obtain a firm Anglo-Scottish alliance reflecting the common religion and shared interests of the two countries, as well as an agreement that offered the prospect of a successful conquest of Ireland. However, his strategy ultimately failed. His idea that England's safety required a united British Isles became an axiom of English policy by the 17th century.
1304:
1197:
5094:
1155:; and he had no love for ecclesiastical jurisdiction. His prosecution of the English Catholics made him a recurring character in the "evil counsellor polemics", written by Catholic exiles across the channel. In these pamphlets, polemicists painted a black picture of Burghley as a corrupting influence over the queen. "The Queen will listen to none but unto him", exiled Catholic intelligencer
5810:
1024:, an office which, with his chancellorship of the Garter, he had lost on Mary's accession to the throne. Probably the Queen had more to do with this rumour than Cecil, though he is said to have opposed, in the parliament of 1555 (in which he represented Lincolnshire), a bill for the confiscation of the estates of the
5366:
Memoirs of the life and administration of the Right
Honourable William Cecil, Lord Burghley, : containing an historical view of the times in which he lived, and of the many eminent and illustrious persons with whom he was connected; with extracts from his private and official correspondence, and
1528:
Cecil wrote more than 128 letters to his son Robert Cecil over the course of his life, containing words of guidance and perseverance. The collection of letters show the close direction and counsel he gave his son in seeking and obtaining the office of principal secretary, 1593β1598. They describe the
1183:
and the moral duties due to labour. In his economic policy he was motivated by a variety of factors, including those of national independence and self-sufficiency, as well as seeking to balance the interests of the Crown and the subject. Cecil did not believe that economics and politics were separate
1377:
Burghley collapsed (possibly from a stroke or heart attack) in 1598. Before he died, Robert, his only surviving son by his second wife, was ready to step into his shoes as the Queen's principal adviser. Having survived all his children except Robert and Thomas, Burghley died at his London residence,
974:, he did not venture to allege so flimsy an excuse; he preferred to lay stress on the extent to which he succeeded in shifting the responsibility on to the shoulders of his brother-in-law, Sir John Cheke, and other friends, and on his intrigues to frustrate the Queen to whom he had sworn allegiance.
1086:
and Dutch just enough to keep them going in the struggles which warded danger from
England's shores. However, Cecil never developed that passionate aversion to decided measures which became a second nature to Elizabeth. His intervention in Scotland in 1559β1560 showed that he could strike hard when
977:
There is no doubt that Cecil saw which way the wind was blowing, and disliked
Northumberland's scheme; but he had not the courage to resist the duke to his face. As soon as the duke had set out to meet Mary, however, Cecil became the most active intriguer against him, and to these efforts, of which
646:
Cecil set as the main goal of
English policy the creation of a united and Protestant British Isles. His methods were to complete the control of Ireland, and to forge an alliance with Scotland. Protection from invasion required a powerful Royal Navy. While he was not fully successful, his successors
1605:
rebellion. He continued to demonstrate his valuable insights to
Burghley in regular correspondence throughout the period, including letters of December 1581 on the miseries of war, the need for temperate government, and his fear that the wild Irish were glad to see the weakness of English blood in
1274:
On 25 February 1571, Queen
Elizabeth elevated him as Baron Burghley. That Cecil continued to act as Secretary of State after his elevation illustrates the growing importance of the office, which under his son became a secretary of the ship of state. In 1572 Cecil privately admonished the queen for
1012:
In
January of that year, he wrote to Sir Thomas Smith: "The Parliament is begun and I trust will be short, for matters of moment to pass are not many, reviving of some old laws for penalties of some felonies and the grant of a subsidy. I think somewhat will be attempted to ascertain the realm of a
1581:
White had been a tutor to Cecil's children during his student days in London, and the correspondence suggests that he was held in lasting affection by the family. In the end, White fell into a Dublin controversy over the confessions of an intriguing priest, which threatened the authority of the
1074:
Dawson argues that Cecil's long-term goal was a united and
Protestant British Isles, an objective to be achieved by completing the conquest of Ireland and by creating an Anglo-Scottish alliance. With the land border with Scotland safe, the main burden of defence would fall upon the
1178:
Cecil sought to ensure that policy was commensurate with the royal finances, which often led him advocating a cautious policy. His economic ideas were influenced by the Commonwealthmen of Edward VI's reign: he believed in the necessity of safeguarding the social hierarchy, the
922:
to hear poor men's complaints. He also seems to have acted as private secretary to the Protector, and was in some danger at the time of the Protector's fall in October 1549. The lords opposed to Somerset ordered his detention on 10 October, and in November he was in the
1184:
or that there was a dichotomy between power and plenty. One of his biographers asserted that, for Burghley, "power was for defence from external enemies; plenty for security at home. Cecil pursued both power and plenty. They were the foreign and domestic aspects of his
1098:
lucidly (nevertheless sometimes bordering on the ridiculous) setting forth the pros and cons of every course of action; but there are few indications of the line which he actually recommended when it came to a decision. How far he was personally responsible for the
1332:
was built as his London residence, an expansion of an existing building. Queen Elizabeth I supped with him there, in July 1561, "before my house was fully finished", Cecil recorded in his diary, calling the place "my rude new cottage." Inherited by his elder son,
963:.) Cecil resisted for a while, in a letter to his wife, he wrote: "Seeing great perils threatened upon us by the likeness of the time, I do make choice to avoid the perils of God's displeasure." However, at Edward's royal command he signed, not only the
1170:, over his persecuting Articles of 1583. The finest encomium was passed on him by the queen herself, when she said, "This judgment I have of you, that you will not be corrupted with any manner of gifts, and that you will be faithful to the state."
1031:. The story, even as told by his biographer, does not represent Cecil's conduct as having been very courageous; and it is more revealing that he found no seat in the parliament of 1558, for which Mary had directed the return of "discreet and good
1843:, in which he and his son Sir Robert Cecil are conspirators and patrons of William Shakespeare in an attempt to restore Elizabeth to power after a Spanish invasion and conquest of England. In addition, he is portrayed as a young man in
819:, as was common at the time for those not intending to enter the Church. The precaution proved useless and four months later Cecil committed one of the rare rash acts of his life in marrying Mary Cheke. The only child of this marriage,
1524:
on the ruins of the old, Catholic order. As such, Burghley was a great builder, planter and patron. All the arts of architecture and horticulture were lavished on Burghley House and Theobalds, which his son exchanged for Hatfield.
4325:
1295:, who declined it and proposed Burghley, stating that the latter was the more suitable candidate because of his greater "learning and knowledge". The new Lord Treasurer's hold over the queen strengthened with the years.
1610:, his erstwhile companion and fellow Irish-born councillor, stating they had been for a long time of 'contrary minds'. In spite of his sympathies for the native Irish he was apparently the author of an extraordinary
851:
1600:
since he was away in England during the deliberations of the meeting. Again, on 28 August 1582 White was accused of withholding his signature to conciliar deliberations on the actions of the deputy during
6269:
416:
1150:
of 1559 was considerable, and it coincided fairly with his own Anglican religious views. Like the mass of the nation, he grew more Protestant as time wore on; he was happier to persecute Catholics than
1094:
Generally he was in favour of more decided intervention on behalf of continental Protestants than Elizabeth would have liked, but it is not always easy to ascertain the advice he gave. He left endless
1188:". He deplored the reliance on "foreign corn" and during an economic depression sought to ensure employment due to his fears of "tumults". Cecil used patronage to ensure the loyalty of the nobility.
5757:
3690:
1134:
6721:
1946:
1614:
in which Teig MacGilpatrick O'Connor and Conor MacCormac O'Connor died. His usefulness as an Irish speaker and a nominal protestant made White an essential privy councillor for two decades.
5970:
6641:
5109:
4812:
Gabriel Heaton, 'Elizabethan Entertainments in Manuscript: The Harefield Festivities and the Dynamics of Exchange', in Jayne Elisabeth Archer, Elizabeth Goldring, Sarah Knight,
4617:
Queen and council shared this worryβ¦the return of "Jesuitized" gentlemenβ¦and developed aβ¦systemβ¦of detectionβ¦to make manifest the treasonous practices of the Jesuit underground.
575:
6262:
1232:. As Master of the Court of Wards, Cecil supervised the raising and education of wealthy, aristocratic boys whose fathers had died before they reached maturity. These included
6761:
6656:
1352:, and to provide a palace fine enough to accommodate the Queen on her visits. The Queen visited there eight times, between 1572 and 1596. An entertainment for Elizabeth, the
914:. In 1548, he was described as the Protector's Master of Requests, which apparently means that he was clerk or registrar of the court of requests which Somerset, possibly at
6711:
1107:, and the foreign policy of the reign, remains to a large extent a matter of conjecture. However, it is most likely that Cecil's views carried the day in the politics of
1126:, the English ambassador to Paris and a paid spy who helped the Spanish at the time of the Spanish Armada. However, they do not claim Cecil knew of Stafford's treason.
6661:
6631:
6565:
6555:
4021:
3929:
3825:
3530:
1512:
William Cecil's private life was upright; he was a faithful husband, a careful father and a dutiful master. A book-lover and antiquarian, he made a special hobby of
6651:
6255:
3710:
3431:
1366:
951:
To protect the Protestant government from the accession of a Catholic queen, Northumberland forced King Edward's lawyers to create an instrument setting aside the
1939:
1264:
895:, who states that both he and Cecil began to write independent accounts of the campaign, and that Cecil generously contributed his notes for Patten's narrative,
5613:
1209:
1119:
ruler of England during his tenure as Secretary; pointing out that in instances where his and Elizabeth's wills diverged, it was Cecil's will that was imposed.
1006:
226:
1582:
Queen's deputised government in Ireland; out of caution Cecil withdrew his longstanding protection and the judge was imprisoned in London and died soon after.
5743:
3723:
942:. But service under Warwick (by now the Duke of Northumberland) carried some risk, and decades later in his diary, Cecil recorded his release in the phrase "
6716:
6074:
5118:
1229:
633:
6686:
6095:
5924:
5903:
5882:
5861:
5623:
1284:
1237:
117:
1322:. It was subsequently the residence of his descendants, the earls and marquesses of Exeter. The house is one of the principal examples of 16th-century
6766:
6706:
6691:
6068:
1932:
1248:. He is widely credited with reforming an institution notorious for its corruption, but the extent of his reforms has been disputed by some scholars.
1205:
1002:
784:
of the Wardrobe (died 1554), married Jane, daughter of William Heckington of Bourne, and was father of three daughters and the future Lord Burghley.
6676:
6575:
5956:
6570:
5070:
1489:
1348:
was built between 1564 and 1585 by the order of Cecil, intending to build a mansion partly to demonstrate his increasingly dominant status at the
1221:
931:
6756:
6646:
6312:
6023:
5686:
5352:
3677:
3410:
3322:
2596:
1268:
955:
on 15 June 1553. (The document, which Edward titled "My Devise for the Succession", barred both Elizabeth and Mary, the remaining children of
643:
wrote, "From 1558 for forty years the biography of Cecil is almost indistinguishable from that of Elizabeth and from the history of England."
6736:
6580:
6278:
6224:
5327:
4972:
4746:
4610:
3994:
3797:
3506:
3335:
3181:
2821:
1473:
939:
911:
749:
6666:
6585:
6488:
6207:
5936:
5855:
5640:
5493:
5471:
3907:
2583:
2462:
1292:
1050:. Before Mary died he was a member of the "old flock of Hatfield", and from the first, the new Queen relied on Cecil. He was the cousin of
864:
129:
4247:
Burghley's cousin was buried in Walterstone Church; the Cecil coat-of-arms, depicted in stained-glass, originally came from Al(l)t-yr-Ynys
5444:
4426:"CECIL, Sir William (1520 or 1521-98), of Little Burghley, Northants., Stamford, Lincs., Wimbledon, Surr., Westminster, Mdx. and London"
4412:"CECIL, Sir William (1520 or 1521-98), of Little Burghley, Northants., Stamford, Lincs., Wimbledon, Surr., Westminster, Mdx. and London"
3894:
3301:
2315:
1750:
1440:
1233:
655:
514:
6751:
6731:
6726:
5750:
4925:
6681:
6478:
6453:
5834:
5828:
5798:
5696:
5461:
3168:
3147:
3059:
3038:
2928:
2808:
2485:
1891:
1245:
1241:
56:
6701:
6483:
6463:
6448:
6377:
6203:
5175:
4863:
4835:
3072:
2941:
2709:
2440:
1267:
of that university on the occasion of Elizabeth's visit in 1564, and M.A. of Oxford on a similar occasion in 1566. He was the first
612:
5963:
4479:
Mitchell Leimon and Geoffrey Parker, "Treason and plot in Elizabethan diplomacy: The 'fame of Sir Edward Stafford' reconsidered,"
6560:
5502:
5424:
4931:
2294:
1713:
1354:
1334:
1147:
1100:
982:
or in the humiliation of Mary during Henry's reign, and he made no scruple about conforming to the Catholic reaction. He went to
820:
509:
501:
1651:(1998), although the portrayal was inaccurate in many ways, including in regards to age and length of service. He was played by
823:, the future Earl of Exeter, was born in May 1542, and in February 1543 Cecil's first wife died. On 21 December 1546 he married
6418:
5451:
2556:
1865:
1383:
1371:
934:, and after less than three months he was out of the Tower. On 5 September 1550 Cecil was sworn in as one of King Edward's two
796:
564:
398:
4425:
4411:
6671:
6199:
3019:
2907:
2781:
2677:
831:
as one of the two most learned ladies in the kingdom, (aside from another of Ascham's pupils, Elizabeth Tudor, who was later
616:
788:
906:
in 1543; but his name does not occur in the imperfect parliamentary returns until 1547, when he was elected for the family
66:
5792:
3701:
72:
6397:
5019:
4303:
6176:
6101:
5576:
5538:
1723:
1685:
1055:
1021:
1013:
successor to this crown, but I fear the unwillingness of her Majesty to have such a person known will stay the matter."
935:
625:
233:
1394:
William Cecil first married Mary Cheke (Cheek), daughter of Peter Cheke of Cambridge and Agnes Duffield (and sister of
978:
he laid a full account before Queen Mary, he mainly owed his immunity. He had, moreover, had no part in the divorce of
6771:
1785:
1225:
1213:
1159:
wrote, "and somtymes, she is faine to come to his bedsyde to entreat him in some-things." He warmly remonstrated with
761:
5735:
6292:
3666:
1592:
In February 1581, White demonstrated his independence in council, refusing to sign a letter to the queen regarding
1454:
1123:
892:
6327:
6746:
6741:
6696:
6611:
5596:
5062:
2453:
1800:. Bolt portrays him as intelligent, pragmatic, ruthless and driven by the interests of the State and the Crown.
836:
214:
5948:
588:
6626:
5478:
2061:
1597:
1472:
Elizabeth Cecil (born 1 July 1564), who married William Wentworth of Nettlestead (c. 1555β1582), eldest son of
1323:
1167:
777:
716:
679:
532:
519:
6590:
6433:
6428:
6352:
6237:
5586:
4662:
1808:
1564:
1558:
1405:(born 5 May 1542), who inherited the Barony of Burghley upon the death of his father, and was later created
970:
Years afterwards, he pretended that he had only signed the devise as a witness, but in his apology to Queen
884:
880:
278:
6539:
6504:
6211:
6017:
5650:
1994:
1315:
1252:
1047:
967:, but also the bond among the conspirators and the letters from the council to Mary Tudor of 9 June 1553.
741:
690:
402:
169:
6636:
5246:
3272:
3188:
2419:
1967:
1920:
1737:
1563:
The most prolonged of Cecil's surviving personal correspondences, lasting from 1566 until 1590, is with
1485:
1466:
903:
663:
620:(13 September 1520 – 4 August 1598) was an English statesman, the chief adviser of Queen
647:
agreed with his goals. In 1587, Cecil persuaded the Queen to order the execution of the Roman Catholic
6621:
6616:
6011:
5995:
5782:
1796:
1642:
1607:
1586:
1256:
1185:
1088:
1035:
952:
765:
745:
675:
648:
536:
352:
43:
5034:
4765:
Husselby, Jill; Henderson, Paula (2002). "Location, Location, Location! Cecil House on the Strand".
811:. He also acquired the affections of Cheke's sister, Mary, and was in 1541 removed by his father to
6458:
6307:
5769:
5630:
5333:
5217:
1904:
1900:
1844:
1652:
1630:
1288:
1108:
998:
979:
629:
596:
84:
52:
5186:
Dawson, Jane E. A. "William Cecil and the British Dimension of early Elizabethan foreign policy,"
4969:
4640:
4234:
Jane E. A. Dawson, "William Cecil and the British Dimension of early Elizabethan foreign policy,"
4033:
7th Marquess of Salisbury, 13th Earl of Salisbury, Viscount Cranborne, and Baron Cecil of Essendon
3936:
6th Marquess of Salisbury, 12th Earl of Salisbury, Viscount Cranborne, and Baron Cecil of Essendon
3832:
5th Marquess of Salisbury, 11th Earl of Salisbury, Viscount Cranborne, and Baron Cecil of Essendon
3717:
4th Marquess of Salisbury, 10th Earl of Salisbury, Viscount Cranborne, and Baron Cecil of Essendon
6509:
6468:
6357:
6188:
5979:
5766:
5704:
5150:
4782:
4454:
Jane E.A. Dawson, "William Cecil and the British Dimension of Early Elizabethan Foreign Policy,"
3537:
3rd Marquess of Salisbury, 9th Earl of Salisbury, Viscount Cranborne, and Baron Cecil of Essendon
3438:
2nd Marquess of Salisbury, 8th Earl of Salisbury, Viscount Cranborne, and Baron Cecil of Essendon
3329:
1st Marquess of Salisbury, 7th Earl of Salisbury, Viscount Cranborne, and Baron Cecil of Essendon
3254:
2415:
2270:
1963:
1781:
1481:
1462:
1063:
659:
388:
360:
1625:
He has long been considered a likely model for the character of the King's calculating minister
1326:, reflecting the prominence of its founder, and the lucrative wool trade of the Cecil estates.
17:
1303:
6139:
5893:
5559:
5547:
5531:
5323:
5171:
4859:
4831:
4742:
4674:
4644:
4606:
2275:
1959:
1663:
1418:
1156:
1139:
840:
5348:
4853:
6473:
6367:
6297:
6149:
6005:
5667:
5512:
5396:
5370:
5165:
5058:
4936:
4774:
1877:
1840:
1820:
1756:
1668:
1657:
1647:
1450:
1402:
888:
753:
384:
181:
5392:
6514:
6443:
6438:
6128:
6107:
5982:
5657:
5603:
5555:
5527:
5133:
4976:
2716:
2492:
1882:
1732:
1611:
1606:
Ireland. In a missive of 13 September 1582 White complained of the unfriendly dealings of
1458:
1341:
1319:
1104:
1054:, Elizabeth's longest serving gentlewoman and close confidante. Elizabeth appointed Cecil
924:
816:
792:
554:
315:
136:
6247:
5335:
HMC Calendar of Manuscripts of the Marquis of Salisbury: The Cecil Manuscripts, 1306β1595
5167:
The Monarchical Republic of Early Modern England: Essays in Response to Patrick Collinson
4630:
5358:
5202:
4902:
4880:
1622:
Cecil has been a character in many works of fiction connected with Elizabeth I's reign.
6519:
6423:
6302:
6218:
6182:
6155:
6118:
6050:
6029:
5986:
5872:
5773:
5717:
5105:
5066:
4735:
4667:
2948:
2247:
2123:
1955:
1887:
1824:
1762:
1593:
1537:
1501:
1493:
1453:(born 1 June 1563), who inherited his father's political mantle, taking on the role of
1444:
1406:
1311:
1217:
1112:
983:
960:
919:
872:
828:
808:
700:
696:
686:
683:
640:
546:
410:
303:
31:
5403:
1091:, proved that he was willing to take on responsibilities from which the Queen shrank.
6605:
6524:
6387:
6347:
6317:
6056:
5388:
5382:
5378:
5374:
5222:
5158:
5113:
5100:
2163:
1854:
1728:
1708:
1694:
1680:
1573:
1414:
1349:
1260:
1160:
1059:
1051:
1017:
987:
824:
812:
730:
712:
464:
1318:, was built for Cecil, between 1555 and 1587, and modelled on the privy lodgings of
1196:
1046:
The Duke of Northumberland had employed Cecil in the administration of the lands of
795:, which he later saved and endowed. In May 1535, at the age of fourteen, he went to
6534:
6529:
6402:
6362:
5727:
5434:
5281:
4438:
4381:
1886:, which is the second instalment of her βAll Soulsβ Trilogy. Cecil is portrayed by
1870:
1850:
1742:
1698:
1690:
1676:
1672:
915:
868:
800:
773:
406:
356:
4955:
4828:
The Letters of Lord Burghley, Willam Cecil, to his son Sir Robert Cecil, 1593β1598
1520:. It was the conscious and unconscious aim of the age to reconstruct a new landed
5310:
744:, had moved to Stamford. David Cecil secured the favour of the first Tudor king,
6382:
6372:
6166:
6062:
5914:
5569:
2265:
1791:
1746:
1703:
1521:
1379:
1329:
832:
748:, to whom he was yeoman of the chamber. He was elected Member of Parliament for
708:
621:
550:
380:
376:
266:
254:
202:
157:
105:
4940:
1082:
Though a Protestant, Cecil was not a religious purist; he aided the Protestant
6392:
6040:
5818:
5254:
4636:
1860:
1497:
1436:
1422:
1395:
1180:
1076:
1025:
956:
804:
757:
327:
1224:
in 1563. In January 1561, he was given the lucrative office of Master of the
1138:
Engraving of Queen Elizabeth I, William Cecil and Sir Francis Walsingham, by
432:
418:
6085:
5845:
5299:(Bangor, Wales, 1991), short biography; sees him as power behind the throne
5214:
Governing by Virtue: Lord Burghley and the Management of Elizabethan England
5122:. Vol. 4 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. pp. 816β817.
1832:
1517:
1095:
1066:
made him the most important minister for the majority of Elizabeth's reign.
1062:, and the creation of a capable intelligence service under the direction of
876:
799:, where he was brought into contact with the foremost scholars of the time,
734:
704:
299:
5406:
at luminarium.org, Excerpted from Encyclopædia Britannica, 11th Ed. Vol IV.
4629:
Nicolini, Giovanni (1854). "Proceedings of the Jesuits throughout Europe".
1585:
White's most remarked-upon service for Cecil is his report on his visit to
4678:
4648:
1718:
1626:
1602:
1513:
1345:
1220:; but there seems no good evidence for the story that he was proposed as
1164:
1152:
1083:
1032:
5153:. "The monarchical republic of Queen Elizabeth I." (1987) in Collinson,
4993:
4576:
5809:
4786:
1291:
under Edward, Mary and Elizabeth, died. His vacant post was offered to
1028:
907:
769:
3175:
6th Earl of Salisbury, Viscount Cranborne, and Baron Cecil of Essendon
3066:
5th Earl of Salisbury, Viscount Cranborne, and Baron Cecil of Essendon
2935:
4th Earl of Salisbury, Viscount Cranborne, and Baron Cecil of Essendon
2815:
3rd Earl of Salisbury, Viscount Cranborne, and Baron Cecil of Essendon
2590:
2nd Earl of Salisbury, Viscount Cranborne, and Baron Cecil of Essendon
2322:
1st Earl of Salisbury, Viscount Cranborne, and Baron Cecil of Essendon
1212:
in that of 1563, and he took an active part in the proceedings of the
1058:. His tight control over the finances of the Crown, leadership of the
666:), which has produced many politicians including two prime ministers.
4706:
Sweet Robin: A Biography of Robert Dudley Earl of Leicester 1533-1588
1635:
991:
990:
on his return to England in December 1554, again accompanying him to
971:
781:
707:, associated him with the Welsh Cecils or Seisyllts of Allt-Yr-Ynys,
4778:
1504:, who succeeded Salisbury as Prime Minister, was also a descendant.
30:"Lord Burghley" redirects here. For other holders of the title, see
27:
English statesman and chief adviser to Queen Elizabeth I (1520β1598)
4603:
Error, Misuse, Failure: Object Lessons From The English Renaissance
1488:, descended from his younger son Robert. One of the latter branch,
5140:(Yale University Press, 2008); sees him as power behind the throne
5099:
This article incorporates text from a publication now in the
4494:
Law and Conscience: Catholicism in Early Modern England, 1570-1625
1426:
1365:
1302:
1195:
1133:
1122:
Leimon and Parker argue that Cecil was the principal protector of
850:
5349:"Archival material relating to William Cecil, 1st Baron Burghley"
5314:, Camden Fifth Series, vol. 53, Cambridge University Press, 2018
986:, confessed, and in no particular official capacity went to meet
4006:
8th Marquess of Exeter, 17th Earl of Exeter, 18th Baron Burghley
3914:
7th Marquess of Exeter, 16th Earl of Exeter, 17th Baron Burghley
3901:
6th Marquess of Exeter, 15th Earl of Exeter, 16th Baron Burghley
3804:
5th Marquess of Exeter, 14th Earl of Exeter, 15th Baron Burghley
3684:
4th Marquess of Exeter, 13th Earl of Exeter, 14th Baron Burghley
3513:
3rd Marquess of Exeter, 12th Earl of Exeter, 13th Baron Burghley
3417:
2nd Marquess of Exeter, 11th Earl of Exeter, 12th Baron Burghley
3308:
1st Marquess of Exeter, 10th Earl of Exeter, 11th Baron Burghley
6251:
5952:
5739:
1492:(1830–1903), served three times as Prime Minister, under
1358:
in May 1591 alluded to Burghley's retirement from public life.
651:, after she was implicated in a plot to assassinate Elizabeth.
4507:
The Letters and Despatches of Richard Verstegan (c. 1550-1640)
1770:
1465:. He was created Baron Cecil, Viscount Cranborne, and finally
1016:
It was rumoured in December 1554 that Cecil would succeed Sir
1823:, and is a prominent secondary character in several books by
875:
during the early years of the reign of his nephew, the young
863:
William Cecil's early career was spent in the service of the
2520:
Barony Cecil of Putney and viscounty Wimbledon extinct, 1638
1578:, but receives hardly a mention in the literature on Cecil.
4814:
Progresses, Pageants, and Entertainments of Queen Elizabeth
1661:. He was a prominent supporting character in the 1937 film
5204:
The great Lord Burghley: a study in Elizabethan statecraft
729:. Lord Burghley acknowledged that the family was from the
5249:"Cecil, William, first Baron Burghley (1520/21β1598)",
4273:
1857:, featuring Elizabeth I's half-sister, Ursula Blanchard.
4291:
The Progresses and Public Processions of Queen Elizabeth
4271:
4269:
4267:
4265:
4263:
4261:
4259:
4257:
4255:
4253:
4218:
4216:
4214:
4212:
4210:
4208:
4206:
4204:
4202:
4200:
1679:; Burghley (spelled Burleigh in the film) was played by
1429:
and Anne Fitzwilliam, and they had the following issue:
600:
Coat of arms of William Cecil as found in John Gerard's
902:
Cecil, according to his autobiographical notes, sat in
592:
Quartered arms of William Cecil, 1st Baron Burghley, KG
5157:(1994); highly influential essay stressed elements of
5297:
William Cecil, Lord Burghley: Minister of Elizabeth I
4605:. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota. p. 160.
1683:. He also appears in the 2005 television mini-series
772:. He, according to Burghley's enemies, kept the best
5367:
other papers, now first published from the originals
5312:
Letters of Lord Burghley to Sir Robert Cecil, 1593β8
5269:
Queen Elizabeth and the Making of Policy, 1572β1588.
6548:
6497:
6411:
6335:
6285:
6165:
6138:
6117:
6084:
6039:
5994:
5913:
5892:
5871:
5844:
5817:
5781:
5138:
Burghley: William Cecil at the Court of Elizabeth I
4720:
Burghley: William Cecil at the Court of Elizabeth I
4563:
Queens Wards: Wardship and Marriage Under Elizabeth
1853:. Burghley also appears in the espionage novels of
570:
560:
542:
528:
494:
456:
394:
366:
342:
337:
321:
309:
295:
272:
260:
250:
232:
220:
208:
198:
175:
163:
153:
135:
123:
111:
101:
83:
41:
4924:
4734:
4666:
4428:. The History of Parliament: the House of Commons.
4414:. The History of Parliament: the House of Commons.
4304:"CECIL DAVID, (c. 1460-?1540), of Stamford, Lincs"
1457:, and arranging a smooth transfer of power to the
1439:(born 5 December 1556), who was the first wife of
658:, and founder of the Cecil dynasty (marquesses of
5234:The Cecils: Privilege and Power behind the Throne
4983:. London: Macmillan & Co., 1869. pp. 299β310.
4801:The Cecils: Privilege and Power behind the throne
5262:The Shaping of the Elizabethan Regime, 1558β1572
2469:1st Viscount Wimbledon and Baron Cecil of Putney
1087:necessary; and his action over the execution of
4855:The Causes of the English Revolution, 1529-1642
4399:England under the Reigns of Edward VI. and Mary
4386:England under the Reigns of Edward VI. and Mary
1484:, descended from his elder son Thomas; and the
699:, elaborated by Cecil himself with the help of
6722:People educated at The King's School, Grantham
6642:Secretaries of state of the Kingdom of England
6263:
5964:
5751:
5022:. 6 February 1958 – via news.bbc.co.uk.
5020:"1958: United players killed in air disaster"
4509:(London: Catholic Record Society 1959) p. 59.
1940:
1835:. He also appears in the alternative history
1749:-winning children's comedy television series
948:" ("I was freed from this miserable court").
8:
4935:(online ed.). Oxford University Press.
4830:(Volume 53 ed.). Cambridge University.
4693:Queen of Scots: The True Life of Mary Stuart
4669:An Autobiography from the Jesuit Underground
1890:in the television adaptation of the triogy,
1863:portrays Cecil in the 2018 historical drama
787:William, the only son, was put to school at
5276:William Cecil, Ireland, and the Tudor State
3519:James Emilius William Evelyn Gascoyne-Cecil
1803:Cecil appears as a character in the novels
943:
724:
602:The herball or Generall historie of plantes
6762:People from Northamptonshire (before 1974)
6657:Chancellors of the University of Cambridge
6270:
6256:
6248:
5971:
5957:
5949:
5925:William Paulet, 1st Marquess of Winchester
5904:William Paulet, 1st Marquess of Winchester
5883:William Paulet, 1st Marquess of Winchester
5862:William Paulet, 1st Marquess of Winchester
5758:
5744:
5736:
5409:
5400:, April 1832, at Online Library of Liberty
5357:
4458:, June 1989, Vol. 74 Issue 241, pp 196-216
4326:"Cecil, William (Lord Burghley) (CCL535W)"
4147:Robert Edward "Ned" William Gascoyne-Cecil
1947:
1933:
1925:
1238:Henry Wriothesley, 3rd Earl of Southampton
1005:in 1553 (probably), 1555 and 1559 and for
945:ex misero aulico factus liber et mei juris
835:) and whose sister, Anne, was the wife of
752:five times, between 1504 and 1523. He was
38:
6549:Knights and Ladies Companion (since 1937)
5057:The house, on the site of the rectory of
4803:(The National Archives, 2007). pp. 124-5.
3783:Viscounty Cecil of Chelwood extinct, 1958
1567:, an Irish judge. It is contained in the
5292:(vol. 2 1961); highly detailed narrative
5251:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography,
4547:
4545:
1876:William Cecil appears as a character in
1208:in the Parliament of 1555 and 1559, and
595:
587:
480:
291:5 September 1550 β 19 July 1553
246:22 November 1558 β 13 July 1572
6662:Chancellors of the University of Dublin
6632:Peers of England created by Elizabeth I
5071:John Dudley, 1st Duke of Northumberland
5050:
4932:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
4673:. New York: Farrar, Straus and Cudahy.
4517:
4515:
4467:
4277:
4222:
4196:
3154:9th Earl of Exeter, 10th Baron Burghley
1780:As a stage character Cecil features in
1490:Robert Cecil, 3rd Marquess of Salisbury
1200:Cecil presiding over the Court of Wards
807:, and acquired an unusual knowledge of
6712:Alumni of St John's College, Cambridge
6652:Chancellors of the Order of the Garter
6279:Chancellors of the Order of the Garter
5687:Chancellor of the University of Dublin
3045:8th Earl of Exeter, 9th Baron Burghley
3032:7th Earl of Exeter, 8th Baron Burghley
2914:6th Earl of Exeter, 7th Baron Burghley
2794:5th Earl of Exeter, 6th Baron Burghley
2684:4th Earl of Exeter, 5th Baron Burghley
2569:3rd Earl of Exeter, 4th Baron Burghley
2447:2nd Earl of Exeter, 3rd Baron Burghley
2301:1st Earl of Exeter, 2nd Baron Burghley
1954:Cecil family tree, including earls of
1269:Chancellor of the University of Dublin
4760:
4758:
4166:
4164:
4146:
4144:
4128:
4126:
4108:
4106:
4104:
4102:
4100:
4084:
4068:
4066:
4064:
4058:
4056:
4054:
4048:
4046:
4044:
4042:
4040:
4020:
4018:
4011:
4009:
3993:
3991:
3989:
3987:
3985:
3979:
3977:
3971:
3969:
3967:
3961:
3959:
3957:
3951:
3949:
3947:
3945:
3943:
3928:
3926:
3919:
3917:
3906:
3904:
3893:
3877:
3875:
3869:
3867:
3865:
3859:
3857:
3855:
3839:
3824:
3822:
3817:
3815:
3813:
3811:
3809:
3807:
3796:
3781:
3779:
3777:
3771:
3769:
3767:
3755:
3753:
3751:
3749:
3747:
3741:
3722:
3720:
3709:
3707:
3700:
3689:
3687:
3676:
3664:
3662:
3660:
3654:
3652:
3650:
3644:
3642:
3640:
3638:
3636:
3634:
3632:
3626:
3590:
3574:
3572:
3570:
3544:
3529:
3527:
3518:
3516:
3505:
3503:
3501:
3499:
3497:
3479:
3463:
3461:
3459:
3453:
3451:
3449:
3447:
3445:
3432:James Brownlow William Gascoyne-Cecil
3430:
3428:
3426:
3424:
3422:
3420:
3409:
3407:
3405:
3403:
3401:
3387:
3375:
3373:
3371:
3369:
3367:
3365:
3363:
3357:
3355:
3353:
3351:
3349:
3334:
3321:
3319:
3317:
3315:
3313:
3311:
3300:
3298:
3296:
3294:
3292:
3286:
3280:
3278:
3270:
3268:
3266:
3264:
3262:
3260:
3252:
3250:
3248:
3246:
3244:
3238:
3232:
3230:
3228:
3222:
3220:
3218:
3216:
3214:
3212:
3210:
3204:
3202:
3200:
3198:
3196:
3180:
3178:
3167:
3165:
3163:
3161:
3159:
3157:
3146:
3144:
3142:
3140:
3138:
3124:
3112:
3110:
3108:
3106:
3104:
3102:
3100:
3094:
3092:
3090:
3088:
3086:
3071:
3058:
3056:
3054:
3052:
3050:
3048:
3037:
3035:
3018:
3000:
2994:
2992:
2990:
2984:
2982:
2980:
2978:
2976:
2974:
2972:
2956:
2940:
2938:
2927:
2925:
2923:
2921:
2919:
2917:
2906:
2904:
2902:
2900:
2898:
2884:
2872:
2870:
2868:
2866:
2864:
2862:
2860:
2854:
2852:
2850:
2848:
2846:
2820:
2807:
2805:
2803:
2801:
2799:
2797:
2780:
2778:
2776:
2774:
2772:
2766:
2760:
2758:
2756:
2750:
2748:
2746:
2744:
2742:
2740:
2738:
2732:
2730:
2728:
2726:
2724:
2708:
2706:
2697:
2695:
2693:
2691:
2689:
2687:
2676:
2674:
2672:
2670:
2668:
2654:
2642:
2640:
2638:
2636:
2634:
2632:
2630:
2624:
2622:
2620:
2618:
2616:
2595:
2582:
2580:
2578:
2576:
2574:
2572:
2555:
2553:
2551:
2549:
2547:
2541:
2535:
2533:
2531:
2525:
2523:
2518:
2516:
2514:
2508:
2506:
2504:
2502:
2500:
2484:
2482:
2480:
2474:
2472:
2461:
2459:
2452:
2450:
2439:
2433:
2427:
2425:
2413:
2411:
2409:
2403:
2401:
2399:
2393:
2365:
2359:
2357:
2355:
2329:
2314:
2312:
2310:
2308:
2306:
2304:
2293:
2291:
2289:
2287:
2285:
2263:
2261:
2259:
2257:
2255:
2253:
2245:
2243:
2241:
2239:
2237:
2213:
2201:
2185:
2183:
2181:
2179:
2177:
2162:
2149:
2147:
2145:
2143:
2141:
2139:
2137:
2135:
2133:
2121:
2119:
2117:
2115:
2113:
2111:
2109:
2107:
2105:
2099:
2093:
2091:
2089:
2087:
2085:
2083:
2081:
2079:
2077:
2060:
2058:
2056:
2054:
2052:
2050:
2048:
2046:
2044:
2038:
2032:
2030:
2028:
2026:
2024:
2022:
2020:
2018:
2016:
1993:
1991:
1989:
1987:
1985:
1983:
1981:
1979:
1977:
1474:Thomas Wentworth, 2nd Baron Wentworth
940:chancellor of the Order of the Garter
632:from 1572. In his description in the
7:
5937:Thomas Sackville, 1st Earl of Dorset
5856:Edward Seymour, 1st Duke of Somerset
4708:(London: Hamish Hamilton 1981) p.217
4496:(Aldershot: Ashgate 2007) pp. 61-62.
3724:Edgar Algernon Robert Gascoyne-Cecil
1443:, and, before marriage, served as a
1382:on 4 August 1598, and was buried in
1293:Robert Dudley, 1st Earl of Leicester
918:'s instigation, illegally set up in
879:. Cecil accompanied Somerset on his
484:
5320:The Execution of Justice in England
5286:Secretary Cecil and Queen Elizabeth
5271:(1981), advanced scholarly analysis
5264:(1968), advanced scholarly analysis
5033:McConnell, Paul (5 February 2015).
4505:R. Verstegan and A.G. Petti (ed.),
4359:(New York: Macmillan 1967) pp.45-46
3531:Robert Arthur Talbot Gascoyne-Cecil
1441:Edward de Vere, 17th Earl of Oxford
1299:Burghley, Cecil House and Theobalds
1234:Edward de Vere, 17th Earl of Oxford
656:Robert Cecil, 1st Earl of Salisbury
515:Robert Cecil, 1st Earl of Salisbury
6717:People educated at Stamford School
6236:Italics indicate service when the
5835:Thomas Howard, 3rd Duke of Norfolk
5829:Thomas Howard, 2nd Duke of Norfolk
5799:Thomas Howard, 2nd Duke of Norfolk
5201:Hume, Martin Andrew Sharp (1898).
4737:Burghley:The life of a great house
4372:Dood, Mead & Co. 1939 pp.63-65
4346:Dood, Mead & Co. 1939 pp.61,62
4022:Robert Edward Peter Gascoyne-Cecil
3930:Robert Edward Peter Gascoyne-Cecil
3826:Robert Arthur James Gascoyne-Cecil
3711:James Edward Hubert Gascoyne-Cecil
2486:Thomas Howard, 1st Earl of Suffolk
1337:, it was known as "Exeter House".
1246:Roger Manners, 5th Earl of Rutland
1242:Robert Devereux, 2nd Earl of Essex
887:), being one of the two Judges of
740:The Lord Treasurer's grandfather,
693:), and his wife, Jane Heckington.
97:July 1572 β 4 August 1598
25:
6687:Lord-lieutenants of Hertfordshire
5931:William Cecil, 1st Baron Burghley
5290:Lord Burghley and Queen Elizabeth
5227:Reader's Guide to British History
1827:. He is a prominent character in
1777:), he is played by Philip Rosch.
1612:trial by combat in September 1583
1540:, in his article on Cecil in the
1251:In February 1559, he was elected
932:John Dudley, then Earl of Warwick
723:is an anglicisation of the Welsh
609:William Cecil, 1st Baron Burghley
6767:16th-century English politicians
6707:People from Bourne, Lincolnshire
6692:Lord-lieutenants of Lincolnshire
6412:Bishops of Salisbury (1671β1837)
6326:
6286:Bishops of Salisbury (1477β1550)
5808:
5503:Lord Lieutenant of Hertfordshire
5425:Custos Rotulorum of Lincolnshire
5318:Burghley, William Cecil, baron,
5278:(Oxford University Press, 2012).
5229:(2003) 1: 239β40, historiography
5092:
4858:. Psychology Press. p. 83.
1903:G-ALZU that crashed in the 1958
1480:Cecil's descendants include the
1335:Thomas Cecil, 1st Earl of Exeter
997:He was elected to Parliament as
959:, from the throne, in favour of
827:, who was ranked by Ascham with
733:in a family pedigree painted at
574:
510:Anne de Vere, Countess of Oxford
502:Thomas Cecil, 1st Earl of Exeter
65:
18:William Cecil, 1st Lord Burghley
6677:Lord high treasurers of England
5452:Lord Lieutenant of Lincolnshire
5253:Oxford University Press, 2004
5164:John F. McDiarmid, ed. (2007).
5065:, disgraced for his support of
4773:. SAHGB Publications: 160β164.
4733:Leatham, Lady Victoria (1992).
4665:(1955). Caraman, Philip (ed.).
3920:William Alexander Evering Cecil
3696:2nd Baroness Amherst of Hackney
1775:Queen Elizabeth's Secret Agents
930:Cecil ingratiated himself with
476:
6591:The Baroness Manningham-Buller
5110:Burghley, William Cecil, Baron
4293:, London 1832, vol. III p. 242
3730:1st Viscount Cecil of Chelwood
1741:(2011). Cecil is portrayed by
938:. In April 1551, Cecil became
867:(a brother of the late queen,
628:(1550β1553 and 1558β1572) and
1:
6757:16th-century English nobility
6647:People of the Elizabethan era
6498:Bishops of Oxford (1837β1937)
5793:John Dynham, 1st Baron Dynham
5322:, 1583. Facsimile ed., 1936,
5209:, full text online of classic
4561:Hurstfeld, Joel (June 1973).
4401:London 1839 vol.II pp.201-207
4388:London 1839 vol.II pp.192-195
3995:William Michael Anthony Cecil
3798:William Thomas Brownlow Cecil
3023:
2830:
2785:
2600:
2560:
2065:
2005:
1998:
1355:Hermit's Welcome at Theobalds
856:
776:in Stamford. His eldest son,
624:for most of her reign, twice
73:Marcus Gheeraerts the Younger
6737:English MPs 1553 (Edward VI)
5614:The Lord Howard of Effingham
4956:UK public library membership
4170:
4167:James Richard Gascoyne-Cecil
4150:
4138:5th Baron Amherst of Hackney
4132:
4112:
4026:
4016:4th Baron Amherst of Hackney
3999:
3924:3rd Baron Amherst of Hackney
3908:William Martin Alleyne Cecil
2826:
1831:, a novel of Elizabeth I by
1433:Frances Cecil (born c. 1556)
1384:St Martin's Church, Stamford
1372:St Martin's Church, Stamford
1115:contends that Cecil was the
897:The Expedition into Scotland
797:St John's College, Cambridge
565:St John's College, Cambridge
444:St Martin's Church, Stamford
227:The Lord Howard of Effingham
6667:Clerks of the Privy Council
6576:The Marquess of Abergavenny
6336:Lay chancellors (1551β1671)
4330:A Cambridge Alumni Database
4306:. Hist of Parliament Online
3895:David George Brownlow Cecil
3678:Brownlow Henry George Cecil
1767:Elizabeth I's Secret Agents
1765:. In the BBC TV miniseries
1226:Court of Wards and Liveries
1216:until his elevation to the
855:Portrait of William Cecil,
789:The King's School, Grantham
762:Sheriff of Northamptonshire
6788:
6096:1st Marquess of Winchester
6069:1st Baron Audley of Walden
5624:The Marquess of Winchester
4445:1732–1735 vol.I p.11
4332:. University of Cambridge.
4129:Hugh William Amherst Cecil
4012:William Hugh Amherst Cecil
3691:Mary Rothes Margaret Cecil
3667:Viscount Cecil of Chelwood
1556:
1461:administration under King
1204:William Cecil represented
883:campaign of 1547 (part of
118:The Marquess of Winchester
29:
6682:Lord-lieutenants of Essex
6566:The Marquess of Salisbury
6324:
6234:
5806:
5724:
5715:
5710:
5703:
5693:
5684:
5679:
5674:
5664:
5655:
5647:
5637:
5628:
5620:
5610:
5601:
5593:
5583:
5574:
5566:
5552:
5536:
5524:
5519:
5509:
5500:
5485:
5476:
5468:
5458:
5449:
5441:
5431:
5422:
5417:
5412:
5257:doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/4983
5145:Burghley: Tudor statesman
5106:Pollard, Albert Frederick
4981:Shakspeareana Genealogica
4539:Beckingsale, pp. 206-207.
4483:(1996) 111#444 pp 1134-58
4481:English Historical Review
4157:styled Viscount Cranborne
4094:
4092:
4090:
4082:
4078:
4076:
4074:
4070:
4062:
4060:
4052:
4050:
3975:
3973:
3965:
3963:
3955:
3953:
3887:
3885:
3883:
3873:
3871:
3863:
3861:
3853:
3849:
3847:
3845:
3841:
3790:
3788:
3775:
3773:
3765:
3761:
3745:
3743:
3698:
3658:
3656:
3648:
3646:
3630:
3628:
3620:
3618:
3616:
3610:
3608:
3606:
3604:
3602:
3600:
3598:
3588:
3584:
3582:
3580:
3576:
3568:
3564:
3562:
3560:
3554:
3552:
3550:
3524:styled Viscount Cranborne
3491:
3489:
3487:
3477:
3473:
3471:
3469:
3457:
3455:
3395:
3385:
3381:
3361:
3359:
3332:
3284:
3282:
3236:
3234:
3226:
3224:
3208:
3206:
3132:
3122:
3118:
3098:
3096:
3069:
3012:
3010:
3008:
2998:
2996:
2988:
2986:
2970:
2966:
2964:
2962:
2892:
2882:
2878:
2858:
2856:
2818:
2764:
2762:
2754:
2752:
2736:
2734:
2703:styled Viscount Cranborne
2662:
2652:
2648:
2628:
2626:
2593:
2539:
2537:
2529:
2527:
2512:
2510:
2478:
2476:
2431:
2429:
2407:
2405:
2397:
2395:
2387:
2385:
2383:
2377:
2375:
2373:
2363:
2361:
2353:
2349:
2347:
2345:
2339:
2337:
2335:
2231:
2229:
2225:
2223:
2221:
2211:
2207:
2199:
2195:
2193:
2191:
2160:
2097:
2095:
2036:
2034:
1962:(1605) and marquesses of
1761:(2015), he was played by
1645:depicted him in the film
1370:Tomb of William Cecil in
1271:, between 1592 and 1598.
815:, without having taken a
582:
520:Elizabeth Cecil-Wentworth
333:
284:
239:
187:
142:
90:
79:
64:
5479:Lord Lieutenant of Essex
5393:"Burleigh and His Times"
4968:French, George Russell.
4923:Crawford, Jon G (2004).
4718:Alford, Stephen (2008).
4357:Burghley Tudor Statesman
4177:2nd in line to Salisbury
1755:; in the spin-off film,
1324:Elizabethan architecture
1168:Archbishop of Canterbury
6075:1st Earl of Southampton
5543:1550–1553
5404:William Cecil (1521β98)
5267:MacCaffrey, Wallace T.
5260:MacCaffrey, Wallace T.
5190:74#241 (1989): 196β216.
5119:Encyclopædia Britannica
4975:10 October 2008 at the
4852:Lawrence Stone (2001).
4826:Acres, William (2017).
4816:(Oxford, 2007), p. 229.
4370:Elizabeth and Leycester
4344:Elizabeth and Leycester
4238:74#241 (1989): 196-216.
4161:Salisbury heir apparent
1721:in the 2005 miniseries
1569:State Papers Ireland 63
1559:Nicholas White (lawyer)
1542:Encyclopedia Britannica
1486:Marquesses of Salisbury
1398:), and they had issue:
635:Encyclopædia Britannica
71:Portrait attributed to
6358:Sir Francis Walsingham
6240:was held in Commission
5651:Sir Francis Walsingham
5247:MacCaffrey, Wallace T.
5170:. Ashgate. p. 7.
4941:10.1093/ref:odnb/29263
4632:History of the Jesuits
4601:Yates, Julian (2003).
4581:Trinity College Dublin
4565:. Frank Cass & Co.
4368:Frederick Chamberlin:
4342:Frederick Chamberlin:
1899:The Elizabethan-class
1893:A Discovery of Witches
1701:in the 1971 TV series
1550:
1500:. The latter's nephew
1374:
1308:
1201:
1143:
944:
860:
725:
691:Stamford, Lincolnshire
678:, in 1520, the son of
605:
593:
170:Sir Francis Walsingham
6752:English MPs 1563β1567
6732:English MPs 1547β1552
6727:English MPs 1542β1544
6702:Members of Gray's Inn
6672:Knights of the Garter
6225:1st Viscount Brackley
5472:The Earl of Leicester
5429:1549–aft. 1584
5274:Maginn, Christopher.
5035:"Munich Air Disaster"
4926:"White, Sir Nicholas"
4903:"White, Sir Nicholas"
4881:"White, Sir Nicholas"
4767:Architectural History
4741:. Herbert Press Ltd.
4141:2nd in line to Exeter
3818:William Amherst Cecil
3273:Marquess of Salisbury
3189:Marquess of Downshire
2420:Baron Cecil of Putney
1921:Wimbledon Manor House
1727:. He is portrayed by
1546:
1447:to Queen Elizabeth I.
1417:, eldest daughter of
1413:Secondly, he married
1369:
1306:
1199:
1146:Cecil's share in the
1137:
854:
654:He was the father of
599:
591:
460:Mary Cheke (d. 1543)
6586:The Duke of Abercorn
6556:The Duke of Portland
5770:Lord High Treasurers
5353:UK National Archives
4577:"Former Chancellors"
4551:Beckingsale, p. 207.
4530:Beckingsale, p. 208.
4521:Beckingsale, p. 206.
4123:Exeter heir apparent
4119:styled Lord Burghley
3257:(2nd creation), 1801
2278:(5th creation), 1605
1797:Vivat! Vivat Regina!
1769:(2017, broadcast on
1714:Mary, Queen of Scots
1643:Richard Attenborough
1587:Mary, Queen of Scots
1482:Marquesses of Exeter
1257:Cambridge University
1186:economic nationalism
1148:Religious Settlement
1089:Mary, Queen of Scots
953:Third Succession Act
936:secretaries of state
766:Justice of the Peace
676:Bourne, Lincolnshire
649:Mary, Queen of Scots
483:; died
44:The Right Honourable
6581:The Lord Carrington
6571:The Viscount Cobham
6561:The Earl of Halifax
6459:Robert Hay Drummond
5631:Lord High Treasurer
5462:The Earl of Rutland
5445:The Earl of Rutland
5255:accessed 5 Dec 2012
5241:Elizabeth I: A Life
5216:(Oxford UP, 2015).
5143:Beckingsale, B. W.
5061:, was built by Sir
4470:, pp. 816β817.
3507:William Allen Cecil
1905:Munich air disaster
1901:Airspeed Ambassador
1866:Mary Queen of Scots
1697:; was portrayed by
1631:William Shakespeare
1314:, near the town of
1289:Lord High Treasurer
1109:Elizabethan England
1101:Anglican Settlement
999:knight of the shire
980:Catherine of Aragon
711:, on the border of
630:Lord High Treasurer
428: /
85:Lord High Treasurer
6772:Court of Edward VI
6510:Samuel Wilberforce
6208:1st Earl of Dorset
6196:1st Baron Burghley
6189:Christopher Hatton
5705:Peerage of England
5641:The Earl of Dorset
5597:Sir Nicholas Bacon
5577:Secretary of State
5539:Secretary of State
5520:Political offices
5494:The Earl of Sussex
5490:Title next held by
5295:Smith, Alan G. R.
5193:Graves, M. A. R.
5155:Elizabethan essays
5151:Collinson, Patrick
5069:and executed with
4970:"Notes on Hamlet."
4443:Desiderata Curiosa
4355:B.W. Beckingsale:
3255:Marquess of Exeter
2416:Viscount Wimbledon
2271:Viscount Cranborne
2157:1st Baron Burghley
1813:The Virgin's Lover
1782:Friedrich Schiller
1752:Horrible Histories
1618:In popular culture
1596:'s actions in the
1496:and her son, King
1463:James I of England
1375:
1309:
1202:
1144:
1064:Francis Walsingham
1056:Secretary of State
1048:Princess Elizabeth
1042:Reign of Elizabeth
1022:Secretary of State
885:the "Rough Wooing"
861:
837:Sir Nicholas Bacon
674:Cecil was born in
626:Secretary of State
606:
594:
433:52.6490Β°N 0.4774Β°W
399:St Martin's Church
389:Kingdom of England
361:Kingdom of England
234:Secretary of State
215:Sir Nicholas Bacon
130:The Earl of Dorset
6599:
6598:
6388:Sir Francis Crane
6348:Sir William Petre
6343:Sir William Cecil
6293:Richard Beauchamp
6245:
6244:
6204:10th Baron Cobham
6200:1st Baron Hunsdon
5946:
5945:
5734:
5733:
5725:Succeeded by
5697:The Earl of Essex
5694:Succeeded by
5675:Academic offices
5665:Succeeded by
5638:Succeeded by
5611:Succeeded by
5584:Succeeded by
5560:Sir William Petre
5553:Succeeded by
5548:Sir William Petre
5532:Sir William Petre
5510:Succeeded by
5459:Succeeded by
5432:Succeeded by
5328:978-0-8201-1175-9
4954:(Subscription or
4748:978-1-871569-47-6
4612:978-0-8166-3961-8
4492:Stefania Tutino,
4188:
4187:
4184:
4183:
2276:Earl of Salisbury
1711:in the 1971 film
1664:Fire Over England
1655:in the 1935 film
1598:Munster rebellion
1467:Earl of Salisbury
1419:Sir Anthony Cooke
1263:; he was created
1259:in succession to
1228:in succession to
1157:Richard Verstegan
1140:William Faithorne
1130:Domestic politics
841:Sir Francis Bacon
680:Sir Richard Cecil
586:
585:
533:Sir Richard Cecil
350:13 September 1520
48:The Lord Burghley
16:(Redirected from
6779:
6747:English MPs 1559
6742:English MPs 1555
6697:Lords Privy Seal
6612:Lord chancellors
6474:Shute Barrington
6403:Sir Henry de Vic
6398:Sir James Palmer
6378:Sir John Herbert
6363:Sir Amias Paulet
6353:Sir Thomas Smith
6330:
6298:Lionel Woodville
6272:
6265:
6258:
6249:
6150:Stephen Gardiner
6143:(July 1553β1558)
6006:Thomas Rotherham
5983:Lord Chancellors
5973:
5966:
5959:
5950:
5906:(July 1553β1558)
5897:(July 1553β1558)
5812:
5760:
5753:
5746:
5737:
5722:1571–1598
5691:1592–1598
5668:Sir Robert Cecil
5662:1590–1598
5648:Preceded by
5635:1572–1598
5621:Preceded by
5608:1571–1572
5594:Preceded by
5587:Sir Thomas Smith
5581:1558–1572
5567:Preceded by
5525:Preceded by
5513:Sir Robert Cecil
5507:1588–1598
5483:1588–1598
5469:Preceded by
5456:1587–1598
5442:Preceded by
5413:Honorary titles
5410:
5397:Edinburgh Review
5371:Internet Archive
5361:
5356:
5309:Acres, William,
5208:
5181:
5123:
5098:
5096:
5095:
5074:
5059:St Clement Danes
5055:
5043:
5042:
5030:
5024:
5023:
5016:
5010:
5009:
5007:
5005:
4990:
4984:
4966:
4960:
4959:
4951:
4949:
4947:
4928:
4920:
4914:
4913:
4911:
4909:
4898:
4892:
4891:
4889:
4887:
4876:
4870:
4869:
4850:See citation in
4848:
4842:
4841:
4823:
4817:
4810:
4804:
4797:
4791:
4790:
4762:
4753:
4752:
4740:
4730:
4724:
4723:
4715:
4709:
4702:
4696:
4689:
4683:
4682:
4672:
4659:
4653:
4652:
4626:
4620:
4619:
4598:
4592:
4591:
4589:
4587:
4573:
4567:
4566:
4558:
4552:
4549:
4540:
4537:
4531:
4528:
4522:
4519:
4510:
4503:
4497:
4490:
4484:
4477:
4471:
4465:
4459:
4452:
4446:
4436:
4430:
4429:
4422:
4416:
4415:
4408:
4402:
4395:
4389:
4379:
4373:
4366:
4360:
4353:
4347:
4340:
4334:
4333:
4322:
4316:
4315:
4313:
4311:
4300:
4294:
4287:
4281:
4275:
4248:
4245:
4239:
4232:
4226:
4220:
4174:
4172:
4154:
4152:
4136:
4134:
4116:
4114:
4030:
4028:
4003:
4001:
3028:
3025:
2836:
2835:
2832:
2828:
2790:
2787:
2605:
2602:
2565:
2562:
2070:
2067:
2010:
2007:
2003:
2000:
1975:
1974:
1949:
1942:
1935:
1926:
1878:Deborah Harkness
1841:Harry Turtledove
1821:Philippa Gregory
1724:The Virgin Queen
1669:Laurence Olivier
1658:Drake of England
1451:Sir Robert Cecil
1403:Sir Thomas Cecil
1230:Sir Thomas Parry
1214:House of Commons
1210:Northamptonshire
1111:. The historian
1007:Northamptonshire
947:
891:. The other was
865:Duke of Somerset
858:
754:Sergeant-of-Arms
728:
637:Eleventh Edition
619:
578:
488:
486:
482:
478:
452:
451:
449:
448:
447:
445:
440:
439:
438:52.6490; -0.4774
434:
429:
426:
425:
424:
421:
373:
338:Personal details
324:
312:
289:
275:
263:
244:
223:
211:
192:
182:Sir Robert Cecil
178:
166:
147:
126:
114:
95:
69:
59:
39:
21:
6787:
6786:
6782:
6781:
6780:
6778:
6777:
6776:
6627:Barons Burghley
6602:
6601:
6600:
6595:
6544:
6515:John Mackarness
6493:
6444:Thomas Sherlock
6439:Benjamin Hoadly
6407:
6383:Sir George More
6373:Sir Edward Dyer
6368:Sir John Wolley
6331:
6322:
6281:
6276:
6246:
6241:
6230:
6169:
6161:
6142:
6134:
6129:Thomas Goodrich
6121:
6113:
6108:Thomas Goodrich
6088:
6080:
6043:
6035:
5998:
5990:
5977:
5947:
5942:
5917:
5909:
5896:
5888:
5875:
5867:
5848:
5840:
5821:
5813:
5804:
5785:
5777:
5764:
5730:
5721:
5699:
5690:
5670:
5661:
5658:Lord Privy Seal
5653:
5643:
5634:
5626:
5616:
5607:
5604:Lord Privy Seal
5599:
5589:
5580:
5572:
5562:
5558:
5556:Sir John Bourne
5544:
5542:
5534:
5530:
5528:Nicholas Wotton
5515:
5506:
5491:
5482:
5474:
5464:
5455:
5447:
5437:
5428:
5347:
5344:
5306:
5304:Primary sources
5288:(vol 1 1955);
5239:Loades, David.
5232:Loades, David.
5212:Jones, Norman.
5200:
5178:
5163:
5134:Alford, Stephen
5130:
5128:Further reading
5104:
5093:
5091:
5083:
5078:
5077:
5056:
5052:
5047:
5046:
5032:
5031:
5027:
5018:
5017:
5013:
5003:
5001:
4992:
4991:
4987:
4977:Wayback Machine
4967:
4963:
4953:
4945:
4943:
4922:
4921:
4917:
4907:
4905:
4901:Clavin, Terry.
4900:
4899:
4895:
4885:
4883:
4879:Clavin, Terry.
4878:
4877:
4873:
4866:
4851:
4849:
4845:
4838:
4825:
4824:
4820:
4811:
4807:
4798:
4794:
4779:10.2307/1568781
4764:
4763:
4756:
4749:
4732:
4731:
4727:
4717:
4716:
4712:
4703:
4699:
4690:
4686:
4663:Weston, William
4661:
4660:
4656:
4628:
4627:
4623:
4613:
4600:
4599:
4595:
4585:
4583:
4575:
4574:
4570:
4560:
4559:
4555:
4550:
4543:
4538:
4534:
4529:
4525:
4520:
4513:
4504:
4500:
4491:
4487:
4478:
4474:
4466:
4462:
4453:
4449:
4437:
4433:
4424:
4423:
4419:
4410:
4409:
4405:
4396:
4392:
4380:
4376:
4367:
4363:
4354:
4350:
4341:
4337:
4324:
4323:
4319:
4309:
4307:
4302:
4301:
4297:
4289:Nichols, John,
4288:
4284:
4276:
4251:
4246:
4242:
4233:
4229:
4221:
4198:
4193:
4175:
4169:
4168:
4159:
4155:
4149:
4148:
4139:
4137:
4131:
4130:
4121:
4117:
4111:
4110:
4031:
4025:
4024:
4015:
4013:
4004:
3998:
3997:
3934:
3932:
3923:
3921:
3912:
3910:
3899:
3897:
3830:
3828:
3819:
3802:
3800:
3728:
3726:
3715:
3713:
3704:
3695:
3693:
3682:
3680:
3535:
3533:
3522:
3520:
3511:
3509:
3436:
3434:
3415:
3413:
3338:
3327:
3325:
3306:
3304:
3186:
3184:
3173:
3171:
3152:
3150:
3075:
3064:
3062:
3043:
3041:
3030:
3026:
3022:
2946:
2944:
2933:
2931:
2912:
2910:
2833:
2825:
2824:
2813:
2811:
2792:
2788:
2784:
2717:Earl of Rutland
2714:
2712:
2701:
2699:
2682:
2680:
2603:
2599:
2588:
2586:
2567:
2563:
2559:
2493:Earl of Suffolk
2490:
2488:
2467:
2465:
2456:
2445:
2443:
2320:
2318:
2299:
2297:
2274:
2269:
2166:
2155:
2153:
2068:
2064:
2008:
2001:
1997:
1953:
1917:
1883:Shadow of Night
1837:Ruled Britannia
1817:The Other Queen
1784:'s verse drama
1733:Roland Emmerich
1620:
1561:
1555:
1535:
1510:
1392:
1364:
1342:Theobalds House
1320:Richmond Palace
1301:
1287:, who had been
1285:Lord Winchester
1281:
1194:
1176:
1174:Economic policy
1132:
1124:Edward Stafford
1072:
1044:
925:Tower of London
849:
793:Stamford School
764:in 1532, and a
682:, owner of the
672:
611:
555:Theobalds House
553:
549:
537:Jane Heckington
535:
524:
490:
474:
470:
467:
461:
443:
441:
437:
435:
431:
430:
427:
422:
419:
417:
415:
414:
413:
409:
401:
387:
379:
375:
371:
359:
351:
349:
348:
322:
316:Nicholas Wotton
310:
302:
290:
285:
273:
261:
245:
240:
221:
209:
193:
188:
176:
164:
148:
143:
137:Lord Privy Seal
124:
112:
96:
91:
75:
60:
51:
49:
46:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
6785:
6783:
6775:
6774:
6769:
6764:
6759:
6754:
6749:
6744:
6739:
6734:
6729:
6724:
6719:
6714:
6709:
6704:
6699:
6694:
6689:
6684:
6679:
6674:
6669:
6664:
6659:
6654:
6649:
6644:
6639:
6634:
6629:
6624:
6619:
6614:
6604:
6603:
6597:
6596:
6594:
6593:
6588:
6583:
6578:
6573:
6568:
6563:
6558:
6552:
6550:
6546:
6545:
6543:
6542:
6537:
6532:
6527:
6522:
6520:William Stubbs
6517:
6512:
6507:
6501:
6499:
6495:
6494:
6492:
6491:
6489:Thomas Burgess
6486:
6481:
6476:
6471:
6466:
6461:
6456:
6451:
6446:
6441:
6436:
6434:Richard Willis
6431:
6429:William Talbot
6426:
6424:Gilbert Burnet
6421:
6415:
6413:
6409:
6408:
6406:
6405:
6400:
6395:
6393:Sir Thomas Roe
6390:
6385:
6380:
6375:
6370:
6365:
6360:
6355:
6350:
6345:
6339:
6337:
6333:
6332:
6325:
6323:
6321:
6320:
6315:
6310:
6305:
6303:Thomas Langton
6300:
6295:
6289:
6287:
6283:
6282:
6277:
6275:
6274:
6267:
6260:
6252:
6243:
6242:
6235:
6232:
6231:
6229:
6228:
6222:
6219:John Puckering
6216:
6212:Gilbert Gerard
6192:
6186:
6183:Thomas Bromley
6180:
6177:Nicholas Bacon
6173:
6171:
6163:
6162:
6160:
6159:
6156:Nicholas Heath
6153:
6146:
6144:
6136:
6135:
6133:
6132:
6125:
6123:
6119:Lady Jane Grey
6115:
6114:
6112:
6111:
6105:
6102:1st Baron Rich
6099:
6092:
6090:
6082:
6081:
6079:
6078:
6072:
6066:
6060:
6054:
6051:William Warham
6047:
6045:
6037:
6036:
6034:
6033:
6030:William Warham
6027:
6021:
6015:
6009:
6002:
6000:
5992:
5991:
5987:House of Tudor
5978:
5976:
5975:
5968:
5961:
5953:
5944:
5943:
5941:
5940:
5934:
5928:
5921:
5919:
5911:
5910:
5908:
5907:
5900:
5898:
5890:
5889:
5887:
5886:
5879:
5877:
5873:Lady Jane Grey
5869:
5868:
5866:
5865:
5859:
5852:
5850:
5842:
5841:
5839:
5838:
5832:
5825:
5823:
5815:
5814:
5807:
5805:
5803:
5802:
5796:
5789:
5787:
5779:
5778:
5774:House of Tudor
5765:
5763:
5762:
5755:
5748:
5740:
5732:
5731:
5726:
5723:
5718:Baron Burghley
5714:
5708:
5707:
5701:
5700:
5695:
5692:
5683:
5677:
5676:
5672:
5671:
5666:
5663:
5654:
5649:
5645:
5644:
5639:
5636:
5627:
5622:
5618:
5617:
5612:
5609:
5600:
5595:
5591:
5590:
5585:
5582:
5573:
5568:
5564:
5563:
5554:
5551:
5535:
5526:
5522:
5521:
5517:
5516:
5511:
5508:
5498:
5497:
5489:
5484:
5475:
5470:
5466:
5465:
5460:
5457:
5448:
5443:
5439:
5438:
5433:
5430:
5421:
5415:
5414:
5408:
5407:
5401:
5386:
5364:Nare, Edward.
5362:
5343:
5342:External links
5340:
5339:
5338:
5331:
5316:
5305:
5302:
5301:
5300:
5293:
5279:
5272:
5265:
5258:
5244:
5237:
5230:
5220:
5210:
5198:
5191:
5184:
5183:
5182:
5176:
5148:
5141:
5129:
5126:
5125:
5124:
5114:Chisholm, Hugh
5082:
5079:
5076:
5075:
5067:Lady Jane Grey
5049:
5048:
5045:
5044:
5025:
5011:
4985:
4961:
4915:
4893:
4871:
4864:
4843:
4836:
4818:
4805:
4792:
4754:
4747:
4725:
4710:
4704:Derek Wilson:
4697:
4684:
4654:
4621:
4611:
4593:
4568:
4553:
4541:
4532:
4523:
4511:
4498:
4485:
4472:
4460:
4447:
4431:
4417:
4403:
4397:P. F. Tytler:
4390:
4374:
4361:
4348:
4335:
4317:
4295:
4282:
4280:, p. 816.
4249:
4240:
4227:
4225:, p. 817.
4195:
4194:
4192:
4189:
4186:
4185:
4182:
4180:
4179:
4165:
4163:
4145:
4143:
4127:
4125:
4107:
4105:
4103:
4101:
4098:
4097:
4095:
4093:
4091:
4089:
4086:
4085:
4083:
4081:
4079:
4077:
4075:
4073:
4071:
4069:
4067:
4065:
4063:
4061:
4059:
4057:
4055:
4053:
4051:
4049:
4047:
4045:
4043:
4041:
4038:
4036:
4035:
4019:
4017:
4010:
4008:
3992:
3990:
3988:
3986:
3983:
3981:
3980:
3978:
3976:
3974:
3972:
3970:
3968:
3966:
3964:
3962:
3960:
3958:
3956:
3954:
3952:
3950:
3948:
3946:
3944:
3941:
3939:
3938:
3927:
3925:
3918:
3916:
3905:
3903:
3891:
3890:
3888:
3886:
3884:
3882:
3879:
3878:
3876:
3874:
3872:
3870:
3868:
3866:
3864:
3862:
3860:
3858:
3856:
3854:
3852:
3850:
3848:
3846:
3844:
3842:
3840:
3837:
3835:
3834:
3823:
3821:
3816:
3814:
3812:
3810:
3808:
3806:
3794:
3793:
3791:
3789:
3786:
3785:
3780:
3778:
3776:
3774:
3772:
3770:
3768:
3766:
3764:
3762:
3760:
3758:
3756:
3754:
3752:
3750:
3748:
3746:
3744:
3742:
3739:
3738:
3736:
3733:
3732:
3721:
3719:
3708:
3706:
3699:
3697:
3688:
3686:
3674:
3672:
3671:
3663:
3661:
3659:
3657:
3655:
3653:
3651:
3649:
3647:
3645:
3643:
3641:
3639:
3637:
3635:
3633:
3631:
3629:
3627:
3624:
3623:
3621:
3619:
3617:
3615:
3613:
3611:
3609:
3607:
3605:
3603:
3601:
3599:
3597:
3595:
3592:
3591:
3589:
3587:
3585:
3583:
3581:
3579:
3577:
3575:
3573:
3571:
3569:
3567:
3565:
3563:
3561:
3559:
3557:
3555:
3553:
3551:
3549:
3547:
3545:
3542:
3540:
3539:
3528:
3526:
3517:
3515:
3504:
3502:
3500:
3498:
3495:
3494:
3492:
3490:
3488:
3486:
3484:
3481:
3480:
3478:
3476:
3474:
3472:
3470:
3468:
3466:
3464:
3462:
3460:
3458:
3456:
3454:
3452:
3450:
3448:
3446:
3443:
3441:
3440:
3429:
3427:
3425:
3423:
3421:
3419:
3411:Brownlow Cecil
3408:
3406:
3404:
3402:
3399:
3398:
3396:
3394:
3392:
3389:
3388:
3386:
3384:
3382:
3380:
3378:
3376:
3374:
3372:
3370:
3368:
3366:
3364:
3362:
3360:
3358:
3356:
3354:
3352:
3350:
3347:
3346:
3344:
3341:
3340:
3333:
3331:
3320:
3318:
3316:
3314:
3312:
3310:
3299:
3297:
3295:
3293:
3290:
3288:
3287:
3285:
3283:
3281:
3279:
3277:
3269:
3267:
3265:
3263:
3261:
3259:
3251:
3249:
3247:
3245:
3242:
3240:
3239:
3237:
3235:
3233:
3231:
3229:
3227:
3225:
3223:
3221:
3219:
3217:
3215:
3213:
3211:
3209:
3207:
3205:
3203:
3201:
3199:
3197:
3194:
3192:
3191:
3179:
3177:
3166:
3164:
3162:
3160:
3158:
3156:
3148:Brownlow Cecil
3145:
3143:
3141:
3139:
3136:
3135:
3133:
3131:
3129:
3126:
3125:
3123:
3121:
3119:
3117:
3115:
3113:
3111:
3109:
3107:
3105:
3103:
3101:
3099:
3097:
3095:
3093:
3091:
3089:
3087:
3084:
3083:
3081:
3078:
3077:
3070:
3068:
3057:
3055:
3053:
3051:
3049:
3047:
3039:Brownlow Cecil
3036:
3034:
3016:
3015:
3013:
3011:
3009:
3007:
3005:
3002:
3001:
2999:
2997:
2995:
2993:
2991:
2989:
2987:
2985:
2983:
2981:
2979:
2977:
2975:
2973:
2971:
2969:
2967:
2965:
2963:
2961:
2959:
2957:
2954:
2952:
2951:
2949:Earl of Thanet
2939:
2937:
2926:
2924:
2922:
2920:
2918:
2916:
2905:
2903:
2901:
2899:
2896:
2895:
2893:
2891:
2889:
2886:
2885:
2883:
2881:
2879:
2877:
2875:
2873:
2871:
2869:
2867:
2865:
2863:
2861:
2859:
2857:
2855:
2853:
2851:
2849:
2847:
2844:
2843:
2841:
2838:
2837:
2819:
2817:
2806:
2804:
2802:
2800:
2798:
2796:
2779:
2777:
2775:
2773:
2770:
2768:
2767:
2765:
2763:
2761:
2759:
2757:
2755:
2753:
2751:
2749:
2747:
2745:
2743:
2741:
2739:
2737:
2735:
2733:
2731:
2729:
2727:
2725:
2722:
2720:
2719:
2707:
2705:
2696:
2694:
2692:
2690:
2688:
2686:
2675:
2673:
2671:
2669:
2666:
2665:
2663:
2661:
2659:
2656:
2655:
2653:
2651:
2649:
2647:
2645:
2643:
2641:
2639:
2637:
2635:
2633:
2631:
2629:
2627:
2625:
2623:
2621:
2619:
2617:
2614:
2613:
2611:
2608:
2607:
2594:
2592:
2581:
2579:
2577:
2575:
2573:
2571:
2554:
2552:
2550:
2548:
2545:
2543:
2542:
2540:
2538:
2536:
2534:
2532:
2530:
2528:
2526:
2524:
2522:
2517:
2515:
2513:
2511:
2509:
2507:
2505:
2503:
2501:
2498:
2496:
2495:
2483:
2481:
2479:
2477:
2475:
2473:
2471:
2460:
2458:
2451:
2449:
2437:
2435:
2434:
2432:
2430:
2428:
2426:
2424:
2412:
2410:
2408:
2406:
2404:
2402:
2400:
2398:
2396:
2394:
2391:
2390:
2388:
2386:
2384:
2382:
2380:
2378:
2376:
2374:
2372:
2370:
2367:
2366:
2364:
2362:
2360:
2358:
2356:
2354:
2352:
2350:
2348:
2346:
2344:
2342:
2340:
2338:
2336:
2334:
2332:
2330:
2327:
2325:
2324:
2313:
2311:
2309:
2307:
2305:
2303:
2292:
2290:
2288:
2286:
2283:
2281:
2280:
2262:
2260:
2258:
2256:
2254:
2252:
2248:Earl of Exeter
2244:
2242:
2240:
2238:
2235:
2234:
2232:
2230:
2228:
2226:
2224:
2222:
2220:
2218:
2215:
2214:
2212:
2210:
2208:
2206:
2204:
2202:
2200:
2198:
2196:
2194:
2192:
2190:
2188:
2186:
2184:
2182:
2180:
2178:
2175:
2174:
2172:
2169:
2168:
2161:
2159:
2148:
2146:
2144:
2142:
2140:
2138:
2136:
2134:
2131:
2129:
2128:
2124:Baron Burghley
2120:
2118:
2116:
2114:
2112:
2110:
2108:
2106:
2103:
2101:
2100:
2098:
2096:
2094:
2092:
2090:
2088:
2086:
2084:
2082:
2080:
2078:
2075:
2073:
2072:
2059:
2057:
2055:
2053:
2051:
2049:
2047:
2045:
2042:
2040:
2039:
2037:
2035:
2033:
2031:
2029:
2027:
2025:
2023:
2021:
2019:
2017:
2014:
2012:
2011:
1992:
1990:
1988:
1986:
1984:
1982:
1980:
1978:
1971:
1970:
1952:
1951:
1944:
1937:
1929:
1924:
1923:
1916:
1913:
1888:Adrian Rawlins
1869:, directed by
1825:Bertrice Small
1809:Rosalind Miles
1763:Mathew Baynton
1619:
1616:
1594:Nicholas Malby
1565:Nicholas White
1557:Main article:
1554:
1553:Nicholas White
1551:
1538:Albert Pollard
1534:
1533:Public conduct
1531:
1509:
1506:
1502:Arthur Balfour
1494:Queen Victoria
1478:
1477:
1470:
1455:Chief Minister
1448:
1445:Maid of Honour
1434:
1411:
1410:
1407:Earl of Exeter
1391:
1388:
1363:
1360:
1312:Burghley House
1307:Burghley House
1300:
1297:
1280:
1277:
1193:
1190:
1175:
1172:
1131:
1128:
1113:Hilaire Belloc
1071:
1070:Foreign policy
1068:
1043:
1040:
961:Lady Jane Grey
920:Somerset House
893:William Patten
889:the Marshalsea
873:Lord Protector
848:
845:
839:and mother of
829:Lady Jane Grey
701:William Camden
671:
668:
584:
583:
580:
579:
572:
568:
567:
562:
558:
557:
547:Burghley House
544:
540:
539:
530:
526:
525:
523:
522:
517:
512:
507:
504:
498:
496:
492:
491:
472:
468:
463:
462:
458:
454:
453:
411:United Kingdom
396:
392:
391:
374:(aged 77)
368:
364:
363:
346:
344:
340:
339:
335:
334:
331:
330:
325:
319:
318:
313:
307:
306:
297:
293:
292:
282:
281:
276:
270:
269:
264:
258:
257:
252:
248:
247:
237:
236:
230:
229:
224:
218:
217:
212:
206:
205:
200:
196:
195:
185:
184:
179:
173:
172:
167:
161:
160:
155:
151:
150:
140:
139:
133:
132:
127:
121:
120:
115:
109:
108:
103:
99:
98:
88:
87:
81:
80:
77:
76:
70:
62:
61:
50:
47:
42:
32:Baron Burghley
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
6784:
6773:
6770:
6768:
6765:
6763:
6760:
6758:
6755:
6753:
6750:
6748:
6745:
6743:
6740:
6738:
6735:
6733:
6730:
6728:
6725:
6723:
6720:
6718:
6715:
6713:
6710:
6708:
6705:
6703:
6700:
6698:
6695:
6693:
6690:
6688:
6685:
6683:
6680:
6678:
6675:
6673:
6670:
6668:
6665:
6663:
6660:
6658:
6655:
6653:
6650:
6648:
6645:
6643:
6640:
6638:
6635:
6633:
6630:
6628:
6625:
6623:
6620:
6618:
6615:
6613:
6610:
6609:
6607:
6592:
6589:
6587:
6584:
6582:
6579:
6577:
6574:
6572:
6569:
6567:
6564:
6562:
6559:
6557:
6554:
6553:
6551:
6547:
6541:
6540:Thomas Strong
6538:
6536:
6533:
6531:
6528:
6526:
6525:Francis Paget
6523:
6521:
6518:
6516:
6513:
6511:
6508:
6506:
6505:Richard Bagot
6503:
6502:
6500:
6496:
6490:
6487:
6485:
6482:
6480:
6477:
6475:
6472:
6470:
6467:
6465:
6462:
6460:
6457:
6455:
6452:
6450:
6447:
6445:
6442:
6440:
6437:
6435:
6432:
6430:
6427:
6425:
6422:
6420:
6417:
6416:
6414:
6410:
6404:
6401:
6399:
6396:
6394:
6391:
6389:
6386:
6384:
6381:
6379:
6376:
6374:
6371:
6369:
6366:
6364:
6361:
6359:
6356:
6354:
6351:
6349:
6346:
6344:
6341:
6340:
6338:
6334:
6329:
6319:
6318:Edmund Audley
6316:
6314:
6311:
6309:
6306:
6304:
6301:
6299:
6296:
6294:
6291:
6290:
6288:
6284:
6280:
6273:
6268:
6266:
6261:
6259:
6254:
6253:
6250:
6239:
6233:
6226:
6223:
6220:
6217:
6214:
6213:
6209:
6205:
6201:
6197:
6193:
6190:
6187:
6184:
6181:
6178:
6175:
6174:
6172:
6168:
6164:
6157:
6154:
6151:
6148:
6147:
6145:
6141:
6137:
6130:
6127:
6126:
6124:
6120:
6116:
6109:
6106:
6103:
6100:
6097:
6094:
6093:
6091:
6087:
6083:
6076:
6073:
6070:
6067:
6064:
6061:
6058:
6057:Thomas Wolsey
6055:
6052:
6049:
6048:
6046:
6042:
6038:
6031:
6028:
6025:
6022:
6019:
6016:
6013:
6010:
6007:
6004:
6003:
6001:
5997:
5993:
5988:
5984:
5981:
5974:
5969:
5967:
5962:
5960:
5955:
5954:
5951:
5938:
5935:
5932:
5929:
5926:
5923:
5922:
5920:
5916:
5912:
5905:
5902:
5901:
5899:
5895:
5891:
5884:
5881:
5880:
5878:
5874:
5870:
5863:
5860:
5857:
5854:
5853:
5851:
5847:
5843:
5836:
5833:
5830:
5827:
5826:
5824:
5820:
5816:
5811:
5800:
5797:
5794:
5791:
5790:
5788:
5784:
5780:
5775:
5771:
5768:
5761:
5756:
5754:
5749:
5747:
5742:
5741:
5738:
5729:
5720:
5719:
5713:
5709:
5706:
5702:
5698:
5689:
5688:
5682:
5678:
5673:
5669:
5660:
5659:
5652:
5646:
5642:
5633:
5632:
5625:
5619:
5615:
5606:
5605:
5598:
5592:
5588:
5579:
5578:
5571:
5565:
5561:
5557:
5550:
5549:
5541:
5540:
5533:
5529:
5523:
5518:
5514:
5505:
5504:
5499:
5496:
5495:
5488:
5481:
5480:
5473:
5467:
5463:
5454:
5453:
5446:
5440:
5436:
5427:
5426:
5420:
5416:
5411:
5405:
5402:
5399:
5398:
5394:
5390:
5389:Lord Macaulay
5387:
5384:
5380:
5376:
5372:
5368:
5363:
5360:
5354:
5350:
5346:
5345:
5341:
5337:
5336:
5332:
5329:
5325:
5321:
5317:
5315:
5313:
5308:
5307:
5303:
5298:
5294:
5291:
5287:
5283:
5282:Read, Conyers
5280:
5277:
5273:
5270:
5266:
5263:
5259:
5256:
5252:
5248:
5245:
5242:
5238:
5235:
5231:
5228:
5224:
5223:Loades, David
5221:
5219:
5215:
5211:
5206:
5205:
5199:
5196:
5192:
5189:
5185:
5179:
5177:9780754654346
5173:
5169:
5168:
5162:
5161:
5160:
5159:republicanism
5156:
5152:
5149:
5146:
5142:
5139:
5135:
5132:
5131:
5127:
5121:
5120:
5115:
5111:
5107:
5102:
5101:public domain
5090:
5089:
5088:
5087:
5080:
5072:
5068:
5064:
5063:Thomas Palmer
5060:
5054:
5051:
5040:
5036:
5029:
5026:
5021:
5015:
5012:
4999:
4995:
4994:"Elizabeth R"
4989:
4986:
4982:
4978:
4974:
4971:
4965:
4962:
4957:
4942:
4938:
4934:
4933:
4927:
4919:
4916:
4904:
4897:
4894:
4882:
4875:
4872:
4867:
4865:9780415266734
4861:
4857:
4856:
4847:
4844:
4839:
4837:9781108424554
4833:
4829:
4822:
4819:
4815:
4809:
4806:
4802:
4796:
4793:
4788:
4784:
4780:
4776:
4772:
4768:
4761:
4759:
4755:
4750:
4744:
4739:
4738:
4729:
4726:
4721:
4714:
4711:
4707:
4701:
4698:
4695:(2005) p. 454
4694:
4688:
4685:
4680:
4676:
4671:
4670:
4664:
4658:
4655:
4650:
4646:
4642:
4638:
4634:
4633:
4625:
4622:
4618:
4614:
4608:
4604:
4597:
4594:
4582:
4578:
4572:
4569:
4564:
4557:
4554:
4548:
4546:
4542:
4536:
4533:
4527:
4524:
4518:
4516:
4512:
4508:
4502:
4499:
4495:
4489:
4486:
4482:
4476:
4473:
4469:
4464:
4461:
4457:
4451:
4448:
4444:
4440:
4435:
4432:
4427:
4421:
4418:
4413:
4407:
4404:
4400:
4394:
4391:
4387:
4383:
4378:
4375:
4371:
4365:
4362:
4358:
4352:
4349:
4345:
4339:
4336:
4331:
4327:
4321:
4318:
4305:
4299:
4296:
4292:
4286:
4283:
4279:
4274:
4272:
4270:
4268:
4266:
4264:
4262:
4260:
4258:
4256:
4254:
4250:
4244:
4241:
4237:
4231:
4228:
4224:
4219:
4217:
4215:
4213:
4211:
4209:
4207:
4205:
4203:
4201:
4197:
4190:
4181:
4178:
4162:
4158:
4142:
4124:
4120:
4109:Anthony Cecil
4099:
4096:
4088:
4087:
4080:
4072:
4039:
4037:
4034:
4023:
4007:
3996:
3984:
3982:
3942:
3940:
3937:
3931:
3915:
3909:
3902:
3896:
3892:
3889:
3881:
3880:
3851:
3843:
3838:
3836:
3833:
3827:
3805:
3799:
3795:
3792:
3787:
3784:
3763:
3759:
3757:
3740:
3737:
3735:
3734:
3731:
3725:
3718:
3712:
3703:
3702:William Cecil
3692:
3685:
3679:
3675:
3673:
3670:
3668:
3625:
3622:
3614:
3612:
3596:
3594:
3593:
3586:
3578:
3566:
3558:
3556:
3548:
3546:
3543:
3541:
3538:
3532:
3525:
3514:
3508:
3496:
3493:
3485:
3483:
3482:
3475:
3467:
3465:
3444:
3442:
3439:
3433:
3418:
3412:
3400:
3397:
3393:
3391:
3390:
3383:
3379:
3377:
3348:
3345:
3343:
3342:
3337:
3330:
3324:
3309:
3303:
3291:
3289:
3276:
3274:
3258:
3256:
3243:
3241:
3195:
3193:
3190:
3183:
3176:
3170:
3155:
3149:
3137:
3134:
3130:
3128:
3127:
3120:
3116:
3114:
3085:
3082:
3080:
3079:
3074:
3067:
3061:
3046:
3040:
3033:
3021:
3017:
3014:
3006:
3004:
3003:
2968:
2960:
2958:
2955:
2953:
2950:
2943:
2942:Thomas Tufton
2936:
2930:
2915:
2909:
2897:
2894:
2890:
2888:
2887:
2880:
2876:
2874:
2845:
2842:
2840:
2839:
2823:
2816:
2810:
2795:
2783:
2771:
2769:
2723:
2721:
2718:
2711:
2704:
2698:Charles Cecil
2685:
2679:
2667:
2664:
2660:
2658:
2657:
2650:
2646:
2644:
2615:
2612:
2610:
2609:
2598:
2591:
2585:
2584:William Cecil
2570:
2558:
2546:
2544:
2521:
2499:
2497:
2494:
2487:
2470:
2464:
2455:
2454:Richard Cecil
2448:
2442:
2441:William Cecil
2438:
2436:
2423:
2421:
2417:
2392:
2389:
2381:
2379:
2371:
2369:
2368:
2351:
2343:
2341:
2333:
2331:
2328:
2326:
2323:
2317:
2302:
2296:
2284:
2282:
2279:
2277:
2272:
2267:
2251:
2249:
2236:
2233:
2227:
2219:
2217:
2216:
2209:
2205:
2203:
2197:
2189:
2187:
2176:
2173:
2171:
2170:
2165:
2164:Mildred Cooke
2158:
2152:
2151:William Cecil
2132:
2130:
2127:
2125:
2104:
2102:
2076:
2074:
2063:
2062:Richard Cecil
2043:
2041:
2015:
2013:
1996:
1976:
1973:
1972:
1969:
1965:
1961:
1957:
1950:
1945:
1943:
1938:
1936:
1931:
1930:
1928:
1927:
1922:
1919:
1918:
1914:
1912:
1910:
1909:Lord Burghley
1906:
1902:
1897:
1895:
1894:
1889:
1885:
1884:
1879:
1874:
1872:
1868:
1867:
1862:
1858:
1856:
1855:Fiona Buckley
1852:
1848:
1847:
1842:
1838:
1834:
1830:
1826:
1822:
1818:
1814:
1810:
1806:
1801:
1799:
1798:
1793:
1789:
1788:
1783:
1778:
1776:
1772:
1768:
1764:
1760:
1759:
1754:
1753:
1748:
1744:
1740:
1739:
1734:
1730:
1729:David Thewlis
1726:
1725:
1720:
1716:
1715:
1710:
1709:Trevor Howard
1706:
1705:
1700:
1696:
1695:Ian McDiarmid
1692:
1688:
1687:
1682:
1681:Morton Selten
1678:
1674:
1670:
1666:
1665:
1660:
1659:
1654:
1650:
1649:
1644:
1640:
1638:
1637:
1632:
1628:
1623:
1617:
1615:
1613:
1609:
1604:
1599:
1595:
1590:
1588:
1583:
1579:
1577:
1575:
1574:Lansdowne MS.
1570:
1566:
1560:
1552:
1549:
1545:
1543:
1539:
1532:
1530:
1526:
1523:
1519:
1515:
1507:
1505:
1503:
1499:
1495:
1491:
1487:
1483:
1475:
1471:
1468:
1464:
1460:
1456:
1452:
1449:
1446:
1442:
1438:
1435:
1432:
1431:
1430:
1428:
1424:
1420:
1416:
1415:Mildred Cooke
1408:
1404:
1401:
1400:
1399:
1397:
1389:
1387:
1385:
1381:
1373:
1368:
1361:
1359:
1357:
1356:
1351:
1347:
1343:
1338:
1336:
1331:
1327:
1325:
1321:
1317:
1313:
1305:
1298:
1296:
1294:
1290:
1286:
1278:
1276:
1272:
1270:
1266:
1262:
1261:Cardinal Pole
1258:
1254:
1249:
1247:
1243:
1239:
1235:
1231:
1227:
1223:
1219:
1215:
1211:
1207:
1198:
1192:In Parliament
1191:
1189:
1187:
1182:
1173:
1171:
1169:
1166:
1162:
1161:John Whitgift
1158:
1154:
1149:
1141:
1136:
1129:
1127:
1125:
1120:
1118:
1114:
1110:
1106:
1102:
1097:
1092:
1090:
1085:
1080:
1078:
1069:
1067:
1065:
1061:
1060:Privy Council
1057:
1053:
1052:Blanche Parry
1049:
1041:
1039:
1037:
1034:
1030:
1027:
1023:
1019:
1018:William Petre
1014:
1010:
1008:
1004:
1000:
995:
994:in May 1555.
993:
989:
988:Cardinal Pole
985:
981:
975:
973:
968:
966:
962:
958:
954:
949:
946:
941:
937:
933:
928:
926:
921:
917:
913:
909:
905:
900:
898:
894:
890:
886:
882:
878:
874:
870:
866:
853:
846:
844:
842:
838:
834:
830:
826:
825:Mildred Cooke
822:
818:
814:
810:
806:
802:
798:
794:
790:
785:
783:
779:
775:
771:
767:
763:
759:
755:
751:
747:
743:
738:
736:
732:
731:Welsh Marches
727:
722:
718:
717:Monmouthshire
714:
713:Herefordshire
710:
706:
702:
698:
694:
692:
688:
685:
681:
677:
669:
667:
665:
661:
657:
652:
650:
644:
642:
638:
636:
631:
627:
623:
618:
614:
610:
603:
598:
590:
581:
577:
573:
569:
566:
563:
559:
556:
552:
548:
545:
541:
538:
534:
531:
527:
521:
518:
516:
513:
511:
508:
506:Frances Cecil
505:
503:
500:
499:
497:
493:
466:
465:Mildred Cooke
459:
455:
450:
412:
408:
404:
400:
397:
395:Resting place
393:
390:
386:
382:
378:
370:4 August 1598
369:
365:
362:
358:
354:
347:William Cecil
345:
341:
336:
332:
329:
326:
320:
317:
314:
308:
305:
301:
298:
294:
288:
283:
280:
277:
271:
268:
265:
259:
256:
253:
249:
243:
238:
235:
231:
228:
225:
219:
216:
213:
207:
204:
201:
197:
191:
186:
183:
180:
174:
171:
168:
162:
159:
156:
152:
146:
141:
138:
134:
131:
128:
122:
119:
116:
110:
107:
104:
100:
94:
89:
86:
82:
78:
74:
68:
63:
58:
54:
45:
40:
37:
33:
19:
6637:Cecil family
6535:Hubert Burge
6530:Charles Gore
6479:John Douglas
6449:John Gilbert
6342:
6195:
6194:
5930:
5728:Thomas Cecil
5716:
5711:
5685:
5680:
5656:
5629:
5602:
5575:
5546:
5537:
5501:
5492:
5486:
5477:
5450:
5435:Thomas Cecil
5423:
5418:
5395:
5365:
5334:
5319:
5311:
5296:
5289:
5285:
5275:
5268:
5261:
5250:
5240:
5233:
5226:
5213:
5207:. J. Nisbet.
5203:
5194:
5187:
5166:
5154:
5144:
5137:
5117:
5086:Attribution:
5085:
5084:
5053:
5038:
5028:
5014:
5002:. Retrieved
4997:
4988:
4980:
4964:
4944:. Retrieved
4930:
4918:
4906:. Retrieved
4896:
4884:. Retrieved
4874:
4854:
4846:
4827:
4821:
4813:
4808:
4800:
4799:Loades, D.,
4795:
4770:
4766:
4736:
4728:
4719:
4713:
4705:
4700:
4692:
4687:
4668:
4657:
4631:
4624:
4616:
4602:
4596:
4584:. Retrieved
4580:
4571:
4562:
4556:
4535:
4526:
4506:
4501:
4493:
4488:
4480:
4475:
4468:Pollard 1911
4463:
4455:
4450:
4442:
4439:Francis Peck
4434:
4420:
4406:
4398:
4393:
4385:
4382:P. F. Tytler
4377:
4369:
4364:
4356:
4351:
4343:
4338:
4329:
4320:
4308:. Retrieved
4298:
4290:
4285:
4278:Pollard 1911
4243:
4235:
4230:
4223:Pollard 1911
4176:
4160:
4156:
4140:
4122:
4118:
4032:
4005:
3935:
3913:
3900:
3831:
3803:
3782:
3729:
3716:
3683:
3665:
3536:
3523:
3512:
3437:
3416:
3328:
3307:
3271:
3253:
3174:
3153:
3065:
3044:
3031:
2934:
2913:
2814:
2793:
2710:John Manners
2702:
2683:
2589:
2568:
2519:
2468:
2463:Edward Cecil
2446:
2414:
2321:
2316:Robert Cecil
2300:
2295:Thomas Cecil
2264:
2246:
2156:
2150:
2122:
1966:(1801) and
1908:
1907:, was named
1898:
1892:
1881:
1875:
1871:Josie Rourke
1864:
1859:
1851:C. J. Sansom
1845:
1836:
1828:
1816:
1812:
1805:I, Elizabeth
1804:
1802:
1795:
1786:
1779:
1774:
1766:
1757:
1751:
1743:Ben Willbond
1736:
1722:
1712:
1702:
1699:Ronald Hines
1693:, played by
1691:Helen Mirren
1684:
1677:Flora Robson
1673:Vivien Leigh
1662:
1656:
1646:
1641:
1634:
1624:
1621:
1608:Lucas Dillon
1591:
1584:
1580:
1572:
1568:
1562:
1547:
1541:
1536:
1527:
1511:
1508:Private life
1479:
1412:
1393:
1376:
1353:
1339:
1328:
1310:
1282:
1273:
1250:
1206:Lincolnshire
1203:
1177:
1145:
1121:
1116:
1093:
1081:
1073:
1045:
1015:
1011:
1003:Lincolnshire
996:
976:
969:
964:
950:
929:
916:Hugh Latimer
901:
896:
869:Jane Seymour
862:
847:Early career
801:Roger Ascham
786:
739:
720:
695:
673:
653:
645:
641:A.F. Pollard
634:
608:
607:
601:
543:Residence(s)
407:Lincolnshire
372:(1598-08-04)
357:Lincolnshire
323:Succeeded by
286:
279:Thomas Smith
274:Succeeded by
241:
222:Succeeded by
189:
177:Succeeded by
144:
125:Succeeded by
92:
36:
6622:1598 deaths
6617:1520 births
6484:John Fisher
6464:John Thomas
6454:John Thomas
6313:Henry Deane
6227:(1596β1603)
6221:(1592β1596)
6215:(1591β1592)
6191:(1587β1591)
6185:(1579β1587)
6179:(1558β1579)
6170:(1558β1603)
6167:Elizabeth I
6158:(1555β1558)
6152:(1553β1555)
6131:(July 1553)
6122:(July 1553)
6110:(1552β1553)
6104:(1547β1551)
6089:(1547β1553)
6077:(1544β1547)
6071:(1532β1544)
6065:(1529β1532)
6063:Thomas More
6059:(1515β1529)
6053:(1509β1515)
6044:(1509β1547)
6032:(1502β1509)
6026:(1500β1502)
6024:Henry Deane
6020:(1486β1500)
6018:John Morton
6014:(1485β1486)
6012:John Alcock
5999:(1485β1509)
5989:(1485β1603)
5939:(1599β1603)
5933:(1572β1598)
5927:(1558β1572)
5918:(1558β1603)
5915:Elizabeth I
5885:(July 1553)
5876:(July 1553)
5864:(1550β1553)
5858:(1547β1549)
5849:(1547β1553)
5837:(1522β1546)
5831:(1509β1522)
5822:(1509β1547)
5801:(1501β1509)
5795:(1486β1501)
5786:(1485β1509)
5776:(1485β1603)
5570:John Boxall
4639:. pp.
4173: 1976
4153: 1970
4135: 1968
4115: 1970
4029: 1946
4002: 1935
3323:James Cecil
3302:Henry Cecil
3169:James Cecil
3060:James Cecil
3027: 1700
2929:James Cecil
2834: 1682
2809:James Cecil
2789: 1648
2604: 1590
2564: 1600
2557:David Cecil
2266:Baron Cecil
2069: 1495
2009: 1540
2002: 1460
1995:David Cecil
1846:Lamentation
1792:Robert Bolt
1787:Mary Stuart
1773:in 2018 as
1747:BAFTA Award
1704:Elizabeth R
1686:Elizabeth I
1667:, starring
1653:Ben Webster
1522:aristocracy
1390:Descendants
1380:Cecil House
1350:Royal Court
1330:Cecil House
871:), who was
833:Elizabeth I
791:, and then
742:David Cecil
709:Walterstone
622:Elizabeth I
551:Cecil House
436: /
381:Westminster
377:Cecil House
311:Preceded by
267:John Boxall
262:Preceded by
255:Elizabeth I
210:Preceded by
203:Elizabeth I
165:Preceded by
158:Elizabeth I
113:Preceded by
106:Elizabeth I
6606:Categories
6308:John Blyth
6238:Greal Seal
6041:Henry VIII
5985:under the
5819:Henry VIII
5772:under the
5383:Volume III
5081:References
5000:. Imdb.com
4958:required.)
4691:John Guy,
4637:Henry Bohn
4635:. London:
4310:6 November
3182:Wills Hill
3020:John Cecil
2908:John Cecil
2782:John Cecil
2678:John Cecil
1861:Guy Pearce
1498:Edward VII
1437:Anne Cecil
1396:John Cheke
1253:Chancellor
1181:just price
1077:Royal Navy
1026:Protestant
1009:in 1563."
957:Henry VIII
904:Parliament
859:after 1570
813:Gray's Inn
805:John Cheke
758:Henry VIII
670:Early life
442: (
420:52Β°38β²56β³N
328:John Cheke
6469:John Hume
6419:Seth Ward
6086:Edward VI
5996:Henry VII
5846:Edward VI
5783:Henry VII
5712:New title
5681:New title
5419:New title
5391:'s essay
5379:Volume II
5108:(1911). "
5004:1 January
4014:1940β2009
3933:1916β2003
3922:1912β1980
3911:1909β1988
3898:1905β1981
3829:1893β1972
3820:1886β1914
3801:1876β1956
3727:1864β1958
3714:1861β1947
3705:1854β1943
3694:1857β1919
3681:1849β1898
3534:1830β1903
3521:1821β1865
3510:1825β1895
3435:1791β1868
3414:1795β1867
3339:1750β1835
3326:1743β1823
3305:1725β1793
3185:1718β1793
3172:1713β1780
3151:1725β1793
3076:1693β1757
3063:1691β1728
3042:1701β1754
2945:1644β1729
2932:1666β1694
2911:1674β1721
2812:1648β1683
2713:1604β1679
2700:1619β1660
2681:1628β1678
2597:Catherine
2587:1591β1668
2489:1561β1626
2466:1572β1638
2457:1570β1633
2444:1566β1600
2319:1563β1612
2298:1542β1623
2167:1526β1589
2154:1520β1598
1968:Salisbury
1960:Salisbury
1833:Susan Kay
1738:Anonymous
1717:; and by
1648:Elizabeth
1518:genealogy
1283:In 1572,
1279:Treasurer
1105:Poor Laws
1096:memoranda
1084:Huguenots
877:Edward VI
760:in 1526,
746:Henry VII
735:Theobalds
705:antiquary
697:Pedigrees
664:Salisbury
571:Signature
561:Education
529:Parent(s)
457:Spouse(s)
423:0Β°28β²39β³W
300:Edward VI
287:In office
242:In office
194:1571β1572
190:In office
149:1590β1598
145:In office
93:In office
5381:(1830),
5377:(1828),
5375:Volume I
5195:Burghley
5073:in 1553.
4973:Archived
4946:21 April
4908:21 April
4886:21 April
2822:Margaret
1915:See also
1880:β novel
1719:Ian Hart
1627:Polonius
1603:the Pale
1544:, wrote:
1514:heraldry
1346:Cheshunt
1316:Stamford
1165:Anglican
1153:Puritans
1117:de facto
1033:Catholic
1029:refugees
912:Stamford
750:Stamford
726:Seisyllt
684:Burghley
495:Children
403:Stamford
296:Monarchs
5980:English
5767:English
5369:at the
5243:(2006).
5236:(2007).
5218:excerpt
5197:(1998).
5188:History
5116:(ed.).
5103::
4787:1568781
4586:15 June
4456:History
4236:History
2829:
1745:in the
1222:Speaker
1218:peerage
1036:members
908:borough
778:Richard
770:Rutland
662:and of
489:
473:
469:
251:Monarch
199:Monarch
154:Monarch
102:Monarch
6140:Mary I
6098:(1547)
6008:(1485)
5894:Mary I
5545:With:
5487:Vacant
5385:(1831)
5326:
5225:, ed.
5174:
5147:(1967)
5112:". In
5097:
5039:mirror
4952:
4862:
4834:
4785:
4745:
4679:813425
4677:
4649:776882
4647:
4643:β168.
4609:
3669:, 1923
3275:, 1789
2422:, 1625
2273:, 1604
2268:, 1603
2250:, 1605
2126:, 1571
1964:Exeter
1956:Exeter
1829:Legacy
1675:, and
1636:Hamlet
1459:Stuart
1340:A new
1163:, the
1142:, 1655
1103:, the
992:Calais
972:Mary I
965:devise
881:Pinkie
821:Thomas
817:degree
782:Yeoman
689:(near
687:estate
660:Exeter
604:(1597)
479:
385:London
353:Bourne
4783:JSTOR
4191:Notes
3336:Emily
3029:β1722
2791:β1700
2606:β1673
2566:β1643
2071:β1553
1839:, by
1707:; by
1689:with
1427:Essex
1423:Gidea
1362:Death
809:Greek
721:Cecil
615:
487:)
475:(
471:
55:
5324:ISBN
5172:ISBN
5006:2014
4998:IMDb
4948:2023
4910:2023
4888:2023
4860:ISBN
4832:ISBN
4743:ISBN
4675:OCLC
4645:OCLC
4607:ISBN
4588:2020
4312:2012
3187:1st
3073:Anne
2947:6th
2715:8th
2491:1st
2418:and
1958:and
1815:and
1790:and
1758:Bill
1571:and
1516:and
1265:M.A.
1244:and
1001:for
984:Mass
803:and
768:for
715:and
703:the
485:1589
481:1546
367:Died
343:Born
304:Jane
4979:In
4937:doi
4775:doi
4641:153
1849:by
1819:by
1807:by
1794:'s
1771:PBS
1735:'s
1731:in
1633:'s
1629:in
1576:102
1421:of
1344:in
1255:of
1038:".
1020:as
910:of
774:inn
756:to
6608::
5373:.
5351:.
5284:.
5136:.
5037:.
4996:.
4929:.
4781:.
4771:45
4769:.
4757:^
4615:.
4579:.
4544:^
4514:^
4441::
4384::
4328:.
4252:^
4199:^
4171:b.
4151:b.
4133:b.
4113:b.
4027:b.
4000:b.
3024:c.
2831:c.
2827:d.
2786:c.
2601:c.
2561:c.
2066:c.
2006:c.
1999:c.
1911:.
1896:.
1873:.
1811:,
1671:,
1639:.
1425:,
1386:.
1240:,
1236:,
927:.
899:.
857:c.
843:.
780:,
737:.
719:.
639:,
617:PC
613:KG
477:m.
405:,
383:,
355:,
57:PC
53:KG
6271:e
6264:t
6257:v
6210:/
6206:/
6202:/
6198:/
5972:e
5965:t
5958:v
5759:e
5752:t
5745:v
5355:.
5330:.
5180:.
5041:.
5008:.
4950:.
4939::
4912:.
4890:.
4868:.
4840:.
4789:.
4777::
4751:.
4722:.
4681:.
4651:.
4590:.
4314:.
2004:β
1948:e
1941:t
1934:v
1476:.
1469:.
1409:.
446:)
34:.
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.