Knowledge (XXG)

William Crawford Williamson

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His scientific work was pursued in the midst of official and professional duties. In geology, his early work on the zones of distribution of Mesozoic fossils (begun in 1834), and on the part played by microscopic organisms in the formation of marine deposits (1845), was pioneering. In zoology, his
213:. A division of labour took place as additional professors were appointed, but he retained the chair of botany down to 1892. Williamson's teaching work was not confined to his university classes, for he was also a successful popular lecturer, especially for the 419: 658: 154:, the son of John Williamson, and Elizabeth Crawford. His father, after beginning life as a gardener, became a well-known local naturalist, who, in conjunction with William Bean, first explored the rich 1366: 644: 533: 1321: 594: 187: 1254: 1229: 1177: 667: 618: 1326: 311: 542: 651: 1361: 463:"Clarifying the biographical etymologies of the species epithets of Bathyporeia guilliamsoniana and Hyale perieri (Crustacea: Amphipoda)" 1013: 20: 1341: 876: 586: 373: 441: 269: 1269: 252:
Williamson when little more than sixteen he published a paper on the rare birds of Yorkshire, in 1834 a monograph on the
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at Manchester was founded in 1851 he became professor of natural history there, with the duty of teaching geology,
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investigations of the development of the teeth and bones of fishes (1842–1851), and on recent
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in 1857, were valuable. In botany, in addition to a memoir on the minute structure of
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coast. He was for many years first curator of the Scarborough natural history museum (
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A full account of Williamson's career can be found in his autobiography, entitled
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Entering a medical career, he for three years acted as curator of the
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This article incorporates text from a publication now in the
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The first edition of this text is available at Wikisource
640: 402: 400: 398: 396: 1267: 178:, and from him he learnt the art of cutting stones. 1222: 1186: 1167: 1116: 890: 706: 683: 676: 321:is used to indicate this person as the author when 100: 90: 80: 72: 54: 30: 217:. Shortly afterwards retiring in 1892 he moved to 16:English naturalist and palaeobotanist (1816–1895) 284:, a group on which he wrote a monograph for the 669:Manchester Literary and Philosophical Society 562:(5 September 1895), and one by D. H. Scott in 1367:Manchester Literary and Philosophical Society 652: 619:Manchester Literary and Philosophical Society 558:Useful obituary notices Count Solms-Laubach, 302:on a scientific basis; Williamson ranks with 8: 264:fossils of his native district. He assisted 377:. London: Smith, Elder & Co. 1885–1900. 680: 659: 645: 637: 599: 194:. After completing his medical studies at 43: 27: 131:(24 November 1816 – 23 June 1895) was an 1322:People from Scarborough, North Yorkshire 1274: 603:Professional and academic associations 553:Reminiscences of a Yorkshire Naturalist 357: 256:, and still in 1834, presented to the 1009:Prof. Thomas Bertram Lonsdale Webster 406: 387: 294:(1852), his work on the structure of 7: 1097:Prof. Donald Stephen Lowell Cardwell 581:"Williamson, William Crawford"  555:, edited by his wife (London, 1896). 368:"Williamson, William Crawford"  1327:Alumni of University College London 595:Obituary@Cambridge Journals Online 49:William Crawford Williamson (1863) 14: 532:Scott, Dukinfield Henry (1911). " 1289: 1277: 1250: 1249: 970:Prof. Sir William Lawrence Bragg 587:Dictionary of National Biography 519: 374:Dictionary of National Biography 1237:Who's Who of Greater Manchester 946:Prof. Sir Henry Alexander Miers 442:International Plant Names Index 1026:Sir Peter Percy F. R. Venables 941:Prof. Sir Grafton Elliot Smith 906:Prof. Sir William Boyd Dawkins 1: 962:Rev. Aloysius Laurence Cortie 274:Fossil Flora of Great Britain 1362:Fellows of the Royal Society 1064:Anthony Edmund Rivers Goulty 1022:Prof. Sir Geoffrey Jefferson 994:Prof. Douglas Rayner Hartree 986:Prof. Reginald William James 925:Prof. Frederick Ernest Weiss 840:Robert Dukinfield Darbishire 629:Robert Dukinfield Darbishire 534:Williamson, William Crawford 461:P. G. Moore (1 April 2021). 272:in the preparation of their 258:Geological Society of London 152:Scarborough, North Yorkshire 62:Scarborough, North Yorkshire 835:William Crawford Williamson 468:Archives of Natural History 344:was named in his honour by 341:Bathyporeia guilliamsoniana 304:Adolphe Theodore Brongniart 232:in 1874 and delivering the 226:Fellow of the Royal Society 124:William Crawford Williamson 32:William Crawford Williamson 1383: 1145:Prof. Sir Netar P. Mallick 1141:Prof. Kenneth M. Letherman 1085:Prof. Sir Netar P. Mallick 1068:Prof. Henry Solomon Lipson 1036:Prof. Henry Solomon Lipson 1014:Dr Eric John Francis James 196:University College, London 95:University College, London 18: 1245: 1106:Prof. Alexander Donnachie 999:Prof. Herbert John Fleure 978:Prof. Bernard Mouat Jones 933:Prof. Sydney John Hickson 861:Prof. Sir Arthur Schuster 625: 615: 607: 602: 170:, the "father of English 42: 974:Charles Edmond Stromeyer 956:Prof. Harold Baily Dixon 916:Prof. Harold Baily Dixon 911:Sir William Henry Bailey 830:Sir Henry Enfield Roscoe 611:Sir Henry Enfield Roscoe 306:as one of its founders. 260:his first memoir on the 1342:Wollaston Medal winners 1231:Memoirs and Proceedings 1102:Dr Edward Fletcher Cass 1061:Dr Edward Noah Abrahart 871:Dr Henry Edward Schunck 855:Dr Henry Edward Schunck 806:Dr Henry Edward Schunck 782:Dr Henry Edward Schunck 543:Encyclopædia Britannica 188:Natural History Society 150:Williamson was born at 1081:Dr Lionel J. R. Postle 1055:Dr George N. Burkhardt 249: 1090:Dr Brian S. H. Rarity 1058:Dr George James Kynch 1004:Prof. Michael Polanyi 898:Prof. Sir Horace Lamb 882:Prof. Sir Horace Lamb 824:Edward William Binney 812:Edward William Binney 794:Edward William Binney 777:Dr Robert Angus Smith 771:Edward William Binney 756:Sir William Fairbairn 481:10.3366/ANH.2021.0696 247: 228:in 1854, winning its 1049:Horace Hayhurst (II) 990:Robert Henry Clayton 951:Thomas Alfred Coward 818:James Prescott Joule 800:James Prescott Joule 788:James Prescott Joule 765:James Prescott Joule 298:established British 19:For other uses, see 1347:English naturalists 1337:Royal Medal winners 1174:Honorary Membership 1045:Margaret Pilkington 1018:Horace Hayhurst (I) 877:James Cosmo Melvill 390:, pp. 684–685. 346:Charles Spence Bate 312:author abbreviation 1332:English geologists 1153:Dr Susan R. Hilton 1150:Dr Diana M. Leitch 1138:David J. Higginson 1135:Mary, Lady Mallick 1132:Vivienne Blackburn 1126:Angus G. D. Yeaman 1074:Harry M. Fairhurst 966:Herbert Levinstein 714:Dr Thomas Percival 697:Dr Thomas Percival 250: 248:William Williamson 21:William Williamson 1357:English botanists 1265: 1264: 1163: 1162: 1123:Iain E. Gillespie 1093:Philip G. Livesey 929:Francis Nicholson 635: 634: 626:Succeeded by 617:President of the 420:"Fellows Details" 224:He was elected a 221:, where he died. 121: 120: 1374: 1294: 1293: 1292: 1282: 1281: 1280: 1273: 1257: 1253: 1252: 1129:Keith D. Buckley 850:Osborne Reynolds 748:Eaton Hodgkinson 690:Peter Mainwaring 681: 670: 661: 654: 647: 638: 608:Preceded by 600: 591: 583: 547: 525: 523: 522: 501: 500: 458: 452: 451: 438: 432: 431: 429: 427: 416: 410: 404: 391: 385: 379: 378: 370: 362: 330: 320: 319: 318: 234:Bakerian Lecture 130: 58:24 November 1816 47: 28: 1382: 1381: 1377: 1376: 1375: 1373: 1372: 1371: 1302: 1301: 1300: 1290: 1288: 1278: 1276: 1268: 1266: 1261: 1255: 1241: 1218: 1182: 1159: 1112: 1078:David G. Wilson 937:William Thomson 886: 845:Balfour Stewart 743:Dr Edward Holme 702: 672: 668: 665: 631: 622: 613: 578: 575: 566:vol. lx. (1897) 531: 520: 518: 510: 505: 504: 460: 459: 455: 440: 439: 435: 425: 423: 422:. Royal Society 418: 417: 413: 405: 394: 386: 382: 365: 363: 359: 354: 336: 331: 316: 315: 314: 309: 242: 215:Gilchrist Trust 184: 148: 126: 117: 91:Alma mater 68: 59: 50: 38: 33: 24: 17: 12: 11: 5: 1380: 1378: 1370: 1369: 1364: 1359: 1354: 1352:Paleobotanists 1349: 1344: 1339: 1334: 1329: 1324: 1319: 1314: 1304: 1303: 1299: 1298: 1286: 1284:United Kingdom 1263: 1262: 1260: 1259: 1246: 1243: 1242: 1240: 1239: 1234: 1226: 1224: 1220: 1219: 1217: 1216: 1211: 1206: 1201: 1196: 1190: 1188: 1184: 1183: 1181: 1180: 1175: 1171: 1169: 1165: 1164: 1161: 1160: 1158: 1157: 1154: 1151: 1148: 1142: 1139: 1136: 1133: 1130: 1127: 1124: 1120: 1118: 1114: 1113: 1111: 1110: 1107: 1104: 1099: 1094: 1091: 1088: 1082: 1079: 1076: 1071: 1065: 1062: 1059: 1056: 1053: 1050: 1047: 1042: 1039: 1033: 1030: 1027: 1024: 1019: 1016: 1011: 1006: 1001: 996: 991: 988: 983: 980: 975: 972: 967: 964: 959: 953: 948: 943: 938: 935: 930: 927: 922: 919: 913: 908: 903: 902:Charles Bailey 900: 894: 892: 888: 887: 885: 884: 879: 874: 868: 863: 858: 852: 847: 842: 837: 832: 827: 821: 815: 809: 803: 797: 791: 785: 779: 774: 768: 762: 753: 750: 745: 740: 735: 729: 726: 720: 717: 710: 708: 704: 703: 701: 700: 694: 691: 687: 685: 678: 674: 673: 666: 664: 663: 656: 649: 641: 633: 632: 627: 624: 614: 609: 605: 604: 598: 597: 592: 574: 573:External links 571: 570: 569: 568: 567: 556: 538:Chisholm, Hugh 509: 506: 503: 502: 475:(1): 179–181. 453: 433: 411: 409:, p. 685. 392: 380: 356: 355: 353: 350: 335: 332: 327:botanical name 308: 254:Gristhorpe Man 241: 238: 203:Owen's College 183: 180: 164:Rotunda Museum 147: 144: 140:Palaeobotanist 119: 118: 116: 115: 113:Palaeobotanist 110: 104: 102: 98: 97: 92: 88: 87: 82: 78: 77: 74: 70: 69: 60: 56: 52: 51: 48: 40: 39: 34: 31: 15: 13: 10: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 1379: 1368: 1365: 1363: 1360: 1358: 1355: 1353: 1350: 1348: 1345: 1343: 1340: 1338: 1335: 1333: 1330: 1328: 1325: 1323: 1320: 1318: 1315: 1313: 1310: 1309: 1307: 1297: 1287: 1285: 1275: 1271: 1258: 1248: 1247: 1244: 1238: 1235: 1233: 1232: 1228: 1227: 1225: 1221: 1215: 1212: 1210: 1207: 1205: 1202: 1200: 1197: 1195: 1192: 1191: 1189: 1185: 1179: 1176: 1173: 1172: 1170: 1166: 1155: 1152: 1149: 1146: 1143: 1140: 1137: 1134: 1131: 1128: 1125: 1122: 1121: 1119: 1115: 1109:Dianne Wilson 1108: 1105: 1103: 1100: 1098: 1095: 1092: 1089: 1086: 1083: 1080: 1077: 1075: 1072: 1069: 1066: 1063: 1060: 1057: 1054: 1052:Brian Rodgers 1051: 1048: 1046: 1043: 1041:Leonard Cohen 1040: 1037: 1034: 1031: 1028: 1025: 1023: 1020: 1017: 1015: 1012: 1010: 1007: 1005: 1002: 1000: 997: 995: 992: 989: 987: 984: 981: 979: 976: 973: 971: 968: 965: 963: 960: 957: 954: 952: 949: 947: 944: 942: 939: 936: 934: 931: 928: 926: 923: 921:Francis Jones 920: 917: 914: 912: 909: 907: 904: 901: 899: 896: 895: 893: 889: 883: 880: 878: 875: 872: 869: 867: 864: 862: 859: 856: 853: 851: 848: 846: 843: 841: 838: 836: 833: 831: 828: 825: 822: 819: 816: 813: 810: 807: 804: 801: 798: 795: 792: 789: 786: 783: 780: 778: 775: 772: 769: 766: 763: 761: 757: 754: 751: 749: 746: 744: 741: 739: 736: 733: 730: 727: 724: 721: 719:George Walker 718: 715: 712: 711: 709: 705: 698: 695: 692: 689: 688: 686: 682: 679: 675: 671: 662: 657: 655: 650: 648: 643: 642: 639: 630: 621: 620: 612: 606: 601: 596: 593: 589: 588: 582: 577: 576: 572: 565: 561: 557: 554: 550: 549: 545: 544: 539: 535: 529: 528:public domain 517: 516: 515: 514: 507: 498: 494: 490: 486: 482: 478: 474: 470: 469: 464: 457: 454: 449: 448: 443: 437: 434: 421: 415: 412: 408: 403: 401: 399: 397: 393: 389: 384: 381: 376: 375: 369: 361: 358: 351: 349: 347: 343: 342: 333: 328: 324: 313: 310:The standard 307: 305: 301: 297: 296:fossil plants 293: 292: 287: 283: 277: 275: 271: 267: 263: 259: 255: 246: 239: 237: 235: 231: 227: 222: 220: 216: 212: 208: 204: 199: 197: 193: 190:'s museum at 189: 181: 179: 177: 173: 169: 168:William Smith 165: 161: 157: 156:fossiliferous 153: 145: 143: 141: 137: 134: 129: 125: 114: 111: 109: 106: 105: 103: 99: 96: 93: 89: 86: 83: 79: 75: 71: 67: 63: 57: 53: 46: 41: 37: 29: 26: 22: 1236: 1230: 1223:Publications 1178:Dalton Medal 1117:21st Century 1029:Dr F. C. Toy 891:20th Century 834: 732:Thomas Henry 728:Dr John Hull 723:Thomas Henry 707:19th Century 693:James Massey 684:18th Century 616: 590:. 1885–1900. 585: 563: 559: 552: 541: 513:Attribution: 512: 511: 472: 466: 456: 446: 436: 424:. Retrieved 414: 383: 372: 360: 339: 338:The species 337: 300:palaeobotany 289: 282:Foraminifera 278: 273: 251: 223: 200: 185: 158:beds of the 149: 123: 122: 76:23 June 1895 25: 1317:1895 deaths 1312:1816 births 1156:Ian Cameron 1032:C. E. Young 866:Henry Wilde 738:John Dalton 286:Ray Society 230:Royal Medal 101:Occupations 81:Nationality 1306:Categories 1214:Manchester 982:John Allan 752:John Moore 677:Presidents 564:Proc. R.S. 548:Endnotes: 508:References 497:Q110026558 447: Will 426:16 January 407:Scott 1911 388:Scott 1911 192:Manchester 146:Early life 136:Naturalist 108:Naturalist 1296:Biography 489:0260-9541 236:in 1877. 160:Yorkshire 66:Yorkshire 1256:Category 1209:Percival 1187:Lectures 623:1884–86 493:Wikidata 262:Mesozoic 176:lapidary 1270:Portals 540:(ed.). 530::  266:Lindley 219:Clapham 207:zoology 172:geology 133:English 85:English 1204:Dalton 1168:Awards 560:Nature 536:". In 524:  495:  487:  334:Legacy 323:citing 291:Volvox 270:Hutton 211:botany 182:Career 1199:Joule 1194:Wilde 857:(III) 814:(III) 802:(III) 352:Notes 317:Will. 240:Works 201:When 1147:(II) 1070:(II) 958:(II) 873:(IV) 826:(IV) 820:(IV) 808:(II) 796:(II) 790:(II) 734:(II) 716:(II) 485:ISSN 428:2017 268:and 209:and 138:and 73:Died 55:Born 1087:(I) 1038:(I) 918:(I) 784:(I) 773:(I) 767:(I) 725:(I) 699:(I) 477:doi 166:). 128:FRS 36:FRS 1308:: 760:Bt 758:, 584:. 491:. 483:. 473:48 471:. 465:. 444:. 395:^ 371:. 348:. 325:a 276:. 142:. 64:, 1272:: 660:e 653:t 646:v 499:. 479:: 450:. 430:. 329:. 23:.

Index

William Williamson
FRS

Scarborough, North Yorkshire
Yorkshire
English
University College, London
Naturalist
Palaeobotanist
FRS
English
Naturalist
Palaeobotanist
Scarborough, North Yorkshire
fossiliferous
Yorkshire
Rotunda Museum
William Smith
geology
lapidary
Natural History Society
Manchester
University College, London
Owen's College
zoology
botany
Gilchrist Trust
Clapham
Fellow of the Royal Society
Royal Medal

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