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right to a seat in the assembly) angered many moderates in that body. In the following years the assembly was noticeably more hostile to his rule The trade ban was repealed in 1726 and replaced by a system of taxation designed to prefer western trade over the Albany-Montreal trade. By the time of his departure in 1727 it was clear that this policy was also not working, and in some cases was having negative effects. All laws respecting Indian trade that passed during his administration were repealed in 1729; the only long-term effects were the establishment of the
British military presence at Oswego, and the breaking of Albany's monopoly on trade. Burnet also left New York more fractionally divided between merchants and landowners than when he arrived.
676:. Burnet was under instructions to disallow their issuance except under certain conditions. When the provincial assembly in 1721 approved a bill that called for the issuance of £40,000 in bills secured by property mortgages Burnet dissolved the assembly. However, he approved similar legislation in 1723 in exchange for the legislature's approval of a five-year salary plan. When the assembly began appropriating funds from the bills in unapproved ways a few years later, Burnet was again convinced to sign in exchange for a grant of £500 for "incidental expenses". This method by which the assembly essentially bribed the governor for his agreement in violation of instructions became somewhat normal practice in New Jersey with later governors.
850:. Burnet made a hardnosed attempt to force the Massachusetts assembly to grant him a permanent salary. Since the institution of the royal charter in 1692, the assembly had steadfastly resisted this, choosing instead to make periodic grants to the governor. Local politicians found this an effective mechanism for influencing the governor to approve their policies since the governor would never know when the next grant would be made, or how large it would be. The salary matter was one of many that had vexed Governor Shute during his time in the province. Dummer, a wealthy Massachusetts native, had been more conciliatory, only insisting that control of the provincial militia remain in his hands.
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special elections resulted in the addition of enough "country party" members to elect a hostile speaker. Although he sought to broaden the province's tax base to include larger real estate holdings, the powerful property owners who dominated the assembly and the court party were successful in deflecting these efforts into taxes on merchant interests. One tax, levied on the tonnage of ships docking in New York, led to a rise in smuggling between New Jersey and New York.
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Burnet chose to take an extremely hard line on the subject of the salary: he refused to conduct any other business, or to dissolve the legislature, until the salary was decided. The legislature in turn refused to enact a salary bill, although it offered generous one-time grants that Burnet refused on
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In May 1729 the Board of Trade ruled, siding with
Governor Burnet, but the assembly still refused to yield. Attempts to conduct business on other matters invariably became caught up in the salary dispute, and thus stalled. The dispute was still ongoing when Burnet, en route from Cambridge to Boston
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in 1705/6), he occupied no posts of importance until financial considerations and political connections brought him the governorships of New York and New Jersey. His tenure in New Jersey was without major controversies, although he set a precedent there for accepting what were effectively bribes in
486:. Mary Scott Burnet was the heiress of a Scottish family which had settled in the Netherlands and acquired great wealth: her marriage to Gilbert however was generally agreed not to be for money, but a genuine love match on both sides. There were six younger children, of whom four survived infancy.
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Burnet's attempts to implement the trade policy were ultimately unsuccessful. In 1725 the merchant interests, Stephen DeLancey among them, succeeded in gaining seats in the assembly through special elections, and Burnet's decision to question the citizenship of the
Huguenot DeLancey (and thus his
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In New York Burnet sided with the large landowners of the province; based on their advice he refused to call elections for the provincial assembly, keeping an assembly dominated by "court party" members for five years. His relationship with the New York assembly only deteriorated after several
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Burnet was only briefly in New
Hampshire during his short tenure, where unlike Massachusetts he was readily granted a salary for three years or the duration of his administration. At the time of his appointment to the Massachusetts seat, the province had been governed for a number of years by
885:, who acquiesced to annual grants. Jonathan Belcher, who became governor later in 1730, was at first instructed as Burnet was on the matter of the salary, but during his tenure, the Boards of Trade finally abandoned the instruction, and allowed him to receive annual grants.
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principle. He further raised tensions by implicitly suggesting that the assembly's failure to act on the salary might jeopardize the colonial charter. In order to make life as difficult as possible for the legislators, Burnet relocated the assembly from Boston first to
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with Native
American tribes in central North America. British colonial administrators sought to alter this method of trade, instructing Burnet to direct the trade through the Iroquois lands instead of through Montreal, bringing an end to the Albany-Montreal trade.
524:, who proved a kindly stepmother to William and his siblings. All of them were devoted to Gilbert, "the best of fathers". On Gilbert's death in 1715 William inherited one-third of the estate which, given his mother's wealth, must have been considerable.
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An Essay on
Scripture Prophecy, Wherein it is Endeavoured to Explain the three periods Contain'd in the Xii Chapter of the Prophet Daniel With some Arguments to make it Probable that the FIRST of the PERIODS did Expire in the Year
782:. This decision not only upset Albany traders, who would lose their monopoly on the fur trade, but also upset the French (because it gave the British direct access to Lake Ontario) and the Iroquois, who had wanted a fort sited at
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Although his New
Hampshire tenure was inconsequential, he engaged in a nasty dispute with the Massachusetts assembly over the issue of his salary, holding the legislative body in session for six months and relocating it away from
862:, increasing the costs of the legislators and forcing many of them from the comforts of their Boston-area properties. In November 1728 the assembly voted to send agents to London to argue their side of the issue with the
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Not long after his arrival in New York, Burnet had the assembly pass a law banning the Albany-Montreal trade. This action earned him opposition from merchant interests that traded directly with New France, including the
881:, one of the agents who had been sent to London) was selected and returned to the province. He took a similar position as Burnet, refusing annual grants until he was replaced as lieutenant (and acting) governor by
446:. The dispute held up other colonial business, and was ongoing in September 1729 when Burnet died; his death was apparently caused by illness contracted after his carriage overturned and dumped him in water.
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while he was governor of New York were used to more precisely determine New York City's longitude. During his tenure in New York he was relatively starved for intellectual discourse; he briefly met a young
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and the granting of a permanent salary. Bills of credit, in addition to providing funding for the province's expenses, also circulated as local currency. Issuance of large quantities of such bills had an
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Eight months after his arrival in New York, in May 1721, Burnet married again. His bride was Anna Maria Van Horne, the daughter of
Abraham and Mary Van Horne and a relative by marriage of
941:, then in use in other parts of Europe, dates between January and March were often written with both years. Dates in this article are in the Julian calendar unless otherwise noted.
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After it became known in New York that Burnet would be replaced, the assembly, at the instigation of
Stephen DeLancey, as a parting shot formally protested Burnet's actions as a
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who then carried goods to and from
Montreal. A law stiffening enforcement of the trade ban was passed in 1722. These policies caused protest not only in New York, but also in
829:
judge, declaring that his judgments would be null and void. Montgomerie arrived in New York on 15 April 1728, carrying Burnet's commissions; Burnet left New York in July for
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in central North America. His New York rule was marked by an increase in political divisions between landowners (with whom Burnet sided) and merchants. After the death of
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One of the more important aspects of Burnet's tenure in New York was his attempts to strengthen the colony's position on the frontier, and its relations with the
651:, and he had returned to England for a variety of personal reasons, intending to divest himself of those posts. Hunter and Burnet were both well-connected to the
755:, sat on the governor's council, and were removed by Burnet in 1721. The law was fairly easily circumvented: the merchants routed the trade goods through nearby
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866:. Its attempts to appropriate funds for the agents were denied by the governor's council, and the agents ended up being paid from funds raised by subscription.
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774:; this action presented a clear threat to British attempts to more directly access and control the fur trade. He consequently ordered the construction of
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on 31 August, was thrown into the water when his carriage accidentally overturned. He fell ill, and died on 7 September 1729. He was interred in the
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Burnet's rarefied education brought him a lifelong interest in scientific and mathematical pursuits. He was proposed for membership in the
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instead. Burnet tried to placate the Iroquois by stationing militia forces in the Oneida area, but they also resented this intrusion.
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at the age of 13, but was dismissed for disciplinary reasons. His later education came from private tutoring (including
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2739:(as amended in 2005), an acting governor serving for 180 continuous days or more is conferred the title of Governor.
374:(March 1687/88 – 7 September 1729) was a British civil servant and colonial administrator who served as governor of
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ascended to the English throne as corulers. Burnet's father gave the coronation sermon, was later elevated to
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937:, then in use in England and its colonies, the year began on 25 March. To avoid confusion with dates in the
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Like his teacher Isaac Newton, Burnet also wrote on religious subjects. In 1724 he anonymously published
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Stearns, Raymond Phineas (April 1946). "Colonial Fellows of the Royal Society of London, 1661–1788".
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in 1698; in accordance with her dying request, his father two years later remarried her close friend
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as a tutor), and he was ultimately admitted to the bar. In 1712 he married Mary, the daughter of
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exchange for his assent to legislation. In New York he sought unsuccessfully to end the
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he saw while resident in The Hague in 1708. Observations he made of eclipses of the
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Burnet's tenure as New Jersey governor was marked by disputes over the issuance of
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who then controlled most of what is now upstate New York. Since the Iroquois had
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government then in power, so an exchange of their offices was readily approved.
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Lieutenant Governor Dummer again acted as governor until Burnet's replacement (
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720:. English goods were sold to French traders, who bartered those goods for
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Burnet's connections to the court procured for him an appointment as the
517:
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in order to implement a colonial policy preferring direct trade with the
423:
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Active for most of his life in intellectual pursuits (he was elected a
766:
In 1723 Burnet was informed that the French had begun construction of
1773:. New York: The Journal of Commerce and Commercial Bulletin. p.
830:
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decided to give the New York and New Jersey governorships to Colonel
760:
470:, in March 1687/8. He was the first child of Mary (Scott) Burnet and
443:
390:(1728–1729). Born into a position of privilege (his godfather became
335:
1898:
1742:
Robert Livingston, 1654–1728: and the Politics of Colonial New York
727:
619:
601:
453:
1792:
Privilege and Prerogative: New York's Provincial Elite, 1710–1776
712:
in 1701, a vibrant trade had begun between New York merchants in
2751:
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died, an event that required the renewal of royal commissions.
1715:
Traders and Gentlefolk: The Livingstons of New York, 1675–1790
721:
527:
Burnet was an excellent but undisciplined scholar. He entered
438:
appointed Burnet governor of New Hampshire and Massachusetts.
635:
of Customs in Great Britain. He also invested heavily in the
559:
in February 1705/6. He was acquainted with the mathematician
1536:
A Factious People: Politics and Society in Colonial New York
1628:
Fumerton, Patricia; Guerrini, Anita; McAbee, Kris (2010).
1744:. Chapel Hill, NC: University of North Carolina Press.
567:. He reported to the Royal Society observations of the
814:. Burnet was instead given appointment as governor of
543:. They had one child, a boy, before she died in 1717.
1794:. Madison, NJ: Fairleigh Dickinson University Press.
402:), Burnet was well-educated, tutored among others by
3109:
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2392:
2260:
2238:
2200:
2162:
2135:
1962:
The Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society
1869:
Constitutional Conflict in Provincial Massachusetts
604:Christ would return to Earth in 1790, based on his
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78:
60:
34:
1940:The Crooked and Narrow Streets of Boston 1630-1822
1683:
1598:
1223:
1221:
747:and other Albany merchants. Two vocal merchants,
588:and encouraged him in his intellectual pursuits.
1271:
1269:
1821:. New Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers University Press.
1551:Cohen, I. Bernard; Smith, George, eds. (2002).
474:, the leading theologian in the Dutch court of
489:Later in 1688, William led an army across the
2763:
2113:
2050:Governor of the Province of Massachusetts Bay
1555:. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.
555:by Isaac Newton in 1705, and was enrolled as
194:Governor of the Province of Massachusetts Bay
8:
1849:Literature of Travel and Exploration: A to F
1659:. Newark, DE: University of Delaware Press.
1630:Ballads and Broadsides in Britain, 1500–1800
1121:
1119:
260:19 December 1728 – 7 September 1729
1019:. London: Smith, Elder & Co. 1885–1900.
997:. London: Smith, Elder & Co. 1885–1900.
910:List of colonial governors of New Hampshire
905:List of colonial governors of Massachusetts
837:Governor of Massachusetts and New Hampshire
27:British governor of New York and New Jersey
2770:
2756:
2748:
2120:
2106:
2098:
1977:
1465:American Quarterly Register, Volumes 13–14
42:
31:
2079:Governor of the Province of New Hampshire
672:tendency to devalue them relative to the
394:not long after his birth, and his father
248:Governor of the Province of New Hampshire
126:4º Governor of the Province of New Jersey
1893:(Third Series, Vol. 3, No. 2): 208–268.
1819:Proprietors, Patronage & Paper Money
1717:. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press.
895:List of colonial governors of New Jersey
206:19 July 1728 – 7 September 1729
1920:. London: S. Bagster and Sons. p.
1538:. New York: Columbia University Press.
1495:. Boston: Philips and Sampson. p.
949:
947:
929:
927:
925:
921:
2022:Governor of the Province of New Jersey
1518:The History of New Hampshire, Volume 2
900:List of colonial governors of New York
3586:Governors of the Province of New York
1943:. Boston: Marshall Jones Co. p.
1581:English Colonies in America, Volume 5
960:. State of New Jersey. Archived from
7:
2083:19 December 1728 – 7 September 1729
1997:Governor of the Province of New York
62:Governor of the Province of New York
3596:Colonial governors of New Hampshire
3591:Colonial governors of Massachusetts
1965:. London: C. and R. Baldwin. 1809.
616:Governor of New York and New Jersey
25:
1553:The Cambridge Companion to Newton
735:as it would have appeared in 1727
3601:Colonial governors of New Jersey
2902:
2153:
2054:19 July 1728 – 7 September 1729
1851:. New York: Taylor and Francis.
1016:Dictionary of National Biography
994:Dictionary of National Biography
596:. In this work he put forward a
575:, and on an unusual instance of
357:
1770:History of the City of New York
1657:The Library of John Montgomerie
1887:The William and Mary Quarterly
1521:. Dover, NH: Mann and Remick.
458:Coat of Arms of William Burnet
18:William Burnet (administrator)
1:
3554:indicate acting officeholders
955:"Biography of William Burnet"
3606:Fellows of the Royal Society
1937:Thwing, Annie Haven (1920).
1917:The Reign of Christ on Earth
1686:Colonial New York: a History
872:King's Chapel Burying Ground
2016:New Jersey Council (acting)
1872:. Columbus, OH: Fred Heer.
1632:. Burlington, VT: Ashgate.
1578:Doyle, John Andrew (1907).
1348:American Quarterly Register
462:William Burnet was born in
411:Fellow of the Royal Society
3627:
2779:Governors of Massachusetts
1470:American Education Society
1075:Royal Society Transactions
810:, who had served him as a
627:advised Burnet in New York
3547:
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2732:
2151:
2085:
2076:
2067:
2056:
2047:
2038:
2028:
2019:
2013:
2003:
1994:
1985:
1980:
1790:Lustig, Mary Lou (1995).
1713:Kierner, Cynthia (1992).
1534:Bonomi, Patricia (1971).
577:Hungarian conjoined twins
513:took the throne in 1702.
476:William, Prince of Orange
365:
300:
253:
199:
131:
67:
56:
41:
1740:Leder, Lawrence (1961).
1690:. New York: Scribner's.
1682:Kammen, Michael (1975).
1597:Fleming, Thomas (1984).
1584:. New York: Henry Holt.
1492:History of Massachusetts
1010:"Stanhope, George"
716:and French merchants in
516:Burnet's mother died of
466:, a leading city of the
2240:Dominion of New England
2129:Governors of New Jersey
1914:Taylor, Daniel (1882).
1866:Spencer, Henry (1905).
1817:Purvis, Thomas (1986).
1038:Cohen and Smith, p. 442
988:"Burnet, Gilbert"
812:Groom of the Bedchamber
1767:Leonard, John (1910).
1489:Barry, Joseph (1855).
1065:Fumerton et al, p. 120
846:, acting for Governor
770:at the western end of
736:
628:
608:interpretation of the
459:
392:William III of England
3611:People from The Hague
1655:Hayes, Kevin (2000).
1601:New Jersey: A History
731:
696:Indian trading policy
623:
547:Intellectual pursuits
457:
2137:Proprietary Province
1605:. New York: Norton.
1104:Leonard, pp. 175–176
842:Lieutenant Governor
778:at the mouth of the
349:Anna Maria Van Horne
1981:Government offices
1311:Kammen, pp. 195–196
1152:Purvis, pp. 156–157
1113:Purvis, pp. 154–155
569:Grindelwald Glacier
507:Bishop of Salisbury
495:Glorious Revolution
400:Bishop of Salisbury
3163:Governor's Council
3073:Governor's Council
2994:Governor's Council
2982:Governor's Council
1404:Barry, pp. 125–126
1368:Barry, pp. 104–122
1359:Belknap, pp. 75–76
939:Gregorian calendar
737:
629:
541:Dean of Canterbury
478:(who was Burnet's
460:
3561:
3560:
2745:
2744:
2270:Viscount Cornbury
2096:
2095:
2086:Succeeded by
2057:Succeeded by
2029:Succeeded by
2004:Succeeded by
1188:Bonomi, pp. 94–95
690:Robert Livingston
637:South Sea Company
625:Robert Livingston
586:Benjamin Franklin
561:Gottfried Leibniz
369:
368:
340:Massachusetts Bay
16:(Redirected from
3618:
3115:
2949:
2917:
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2905:
2791:
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2737:N.J.S.A. 52:15-5
2431:W. S. Pennington
2399:
2245:
2157:
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2122:
2115:
2108:
2099:
2068:Preceded by
2039:Preceded by
2032:John Montgomerie
2014:Preceded by
2007:John Montgomerie
1986:Preceded by
1978:
1974:
1956:
1933:
1910:
1881:
1862:
1845:Speake, Jennifer
1840:
1813:
1786:
1763:
1736:
1709:
1689:
1678:
1651:
1624:
1604:
1593:
1574:
1547:
1530:
1508:
1485:
1472:. 1841. p.
1450:
1449:Doyle, pp. 95–96
1447:
1441:
1438:
1432:
1429:
1423:
1420:
1414:
1411:
1405:
1402:
1396:
1393:
1387:
1384:
1378:
1375:
1369:
1366:
1360:
1357:
1351:
1345:
1339:
1336:
1330:
1327:
1321:
1318:
1312:
1309:
1303:
1300:
1294:
1291:
1285:
1282:
1276:
1273:
1264:
1261:
1255:
1252:
1246:
1243:
1237:
1234:
1228:
1225:
1216:
1213:
1207:
1204:
1198:
1195:
1189:
1186:
1180:
1177:
1171:
1168:
1162:
1159:
1153:
1150:
1144:
1141:
1135:
1132:
1126:
1123:
1114:
1111:
1105:
1102:
1096:
1093:
1087:
1084:
1078:
1072:
1066:
1063:
1057:
1054:
1048:
1045:
1039:
1036:
1030:
1027:
1021:
1020:
1012:
1005:
999:
998:
990:
983:
977:
976:
974:
972:
967:on 22 March 2012
966:
959:
951:
942:
931:
879:Jonathan Belcher
808:John Montgomerie
745:Stephen DeLancey
581:moons of Jupiter
428:Native Americans
382:(1720–1728) and
361:
332:
329:7 September 1729
305:Personal details
290:
277:
258:
236:
223:
204:
186:John Montgomerie
182:
166:
136:
119:John Montgomerie
115:
102:
72:
46:
32:
21:
3626:
3625:
3621:
3620:
3619:
3617:
3616:
3615:
3566:
3565:
3562:
3557:
3543:
3113:
3112:
3105:
2947:
2946:
2939:
2915:
2914:
2907:
2903:
2898:
2789:
2788:
2781:
2776:
2746:
2741:
2728:
2397:
2396:
2388:
2324:Lord De La Warr
2262:Royal governors
2256:
2243:
2242:
2234:
2202:West New Jersey
2196:
2164:East New Jersey
2158:
2154:
2149:
2131:
2126:
2092:
2082:
2074:
2063:
2053:
2045:
2034:
2025:
2017:
2009:
2000:
1992:
1989:Pieter Schuyler
1959:
1936:
1913:
1899:10.2307/1920323
1884:
1865:
1859:
1843:
1829:
1816:
1802:
1789:
1766:
1752:
1739:
1725:
1712:
1698:
1681:
1667:
1654:
1640:
1627:
1613:
1596:
1577:
1563:
1550:
1533:
1513:Belknap, Jeremy
1511:
1488:
1462:
1459:
1454:
1453:
1448:
1444:
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1435:
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1426:
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1279:
1274:
1267:
1262:
1258:
1253:
1249:
1244:
1240:
1235:
1231:
1227:Leonard, p. 181
1226:
1219:
1214:
1210:
1205:
1201:
1197:Leonard, p. 177
1196:
1192:
1187:
1183:
1178:
1174:
1169:
1165:
1160:
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1151:
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1103:
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1090:
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1081:
1073:
1069:
1064:
1060:
1055:
1051:
1046:
1042:
1037:
1033:
1029:Stearns, p. 224
1028:
1024:
1007:
1006:
1002:
985:
984:
980:
970:
968:
964:
957:
953:
952:
945:
935:Julian calendar
932:
923:
918:
891:
839:
796:
753:Pieter Schuyler
749:Adolph Philipse
698:
682:
665:bills of credit
661:
618:
549:
537:George Stanhope
522:Elizabeth Blake
491:English Channel
482:) and his wife
452:
334:
330:
314:
288:
275:
259:
254:
234:
221:
205:
200:
180:
172:, President of
164:
159:
137:
132:
113:
100:
95:
73:
68:
52:
37:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
3624:
3622:
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3494:
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3469:
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3319:
3314:
3309:
3302:
3297:
3292:
3287:
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3277:
3272:
3267:
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3257:
3252:
3247:
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3208:
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3125:
3119:
3117:
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3093:
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3076:
3069:
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2806:
2801:
2795:
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2774:
2767:
2760:
2752:
2743:
2742:
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2729:
2727:
2726:
2721:
2716:
2711:
2705:
2700:
2694:
2689:
2684:
2679:
2674:
2669:
2664:
2659:
2654:
2649:
2644:
2639:
2634:
2629:
2624:
2619:
2614:
2609:
2603:
2598:
2593:
2588:
2583:
2578:
2573:
2568:
2563:
2558:
2553:
2548:
2543:
2538:
2533:
2528:
2523:
2518:
2513:
2508:
2503:
2498:
2493:
2488:
2483:
2478:
2473:
2468:
2463:
2458:
2453:
2448:
2443:
2438:
2433:
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2423:
2418:
2413:
2408:
2402:
2400:
2390:
2389:
2387:
2386:
2381:
2376:
2371:
2366:
2360:
2354:
2348:
2343:
2337:
2331:
2326:
2321:
2315:
2309:
2304:
2298:
2293:
2288:
2283:
2277:
2275:Baron Lovelace
2272:
2266:
2264:
2258:
2257:
2255:
2254:
2248:
2246:
2236:
2235:
2233:
2232:
2227:
2222:
2217:
2212:
2206:
2204:
2198:
2197:
2195:
2194:
2189:
2184:
2179:
2174:
2168:
2166:
2160:
2159:
2152:
2150:
2148:
2147:
2141:
2139:
2133:
2132:
2127:
2125:
2124:
2117:
2110:
2102:
2094:
2093:
2089:John Wentworth
2087:
2084:
2075:
2071:John Wentworth
2069:
2065:
2064:
2060:William Dummer
2058:
2055:
2046:
2042:William Dummer
2040:
2036:
2035:
2030:
2027:
2018:
2015:
2011:
2010:
2005:
2002:
1993:
1987:
1983:
1982:
1976:
1975:
1957:
1934:
1911:
1882:
1863:
1857:
1847:, ed. (2003).
1841:
1827:
1814:
1800:
1787:
1764:
1750:
1737:
1723:
1710:
1696:
1679:
1665:
1652:
1638:
1625:
1611:
1594:
1575:
1561:
1548:
1531:
1509:
1486:
1458:
1455:
1452:
1451:
1442:
1440:Spencer, p. 87
1433:
1424:
1422:Thwing, p. 164
1415:
1406:
1397:
1388:
1379:
1370:
1361:
1352:
1340:
1331:
1322:
1313:
1304:
1295:
1286:
1277:
1265:
1256:
1247:
1238:
1229:
1217:
1208:
1206:Kierner, p. 45
1199:
1190:
1181:
1172:
1163:
1154:
1145:
1143:Fleming, p. 30
1136:
1134:Fleming, p. 29
1127:
1125:Purvis, p. 155
1115:
1106:
1097:
1095:Taylor, p. 330
1088:
1086:Kammen, p. 273
1079:
1067:
1058:
1049:
1040:
1031:
1022:
1000:
978:
943:
920:
919:
917:
914:
913:
912:
907:
902:
897:
890:
887:
883:William Tailer
864:Board of Trade
844:William Dummer
838:
835:
827:chancery court
795:
792:
706:achieved peace
697:
694:
681:
678:
674:pound sterling
660:
657:
617:
614:
610:Book of Daniel
600:argument that
548:
545:
472:Gilbert Burnet
468:Dutch Republic
451:
448:
436:King George II
396:Gilbert Burnet
372:William Burnet
367:
366:
363:
362:
355:
351:
350:
347:
343:
342:
333:(aged 41)
327:
323:
322:
311:
307:
306:
302:
301:
298:
297:
294:John Wentworth
291:
285:
284:
281:John Wentworth
278:
272:
271:
266:
262:
261:
251:
250:
244:
243:
240:William Dummer
237:
231:
230:
227:William Dummer
224:
218:
217:
212:
208:
207:
197:
196:
189:
188:
183:
177:
176:
167:
161:
160:
158:
157:
152:
146:
144:
140:
139:
129:
128:
122:
121:
116:
110:
109:
106:Peter Schuyler
103:
97:
96:
94:
93:
88:
82:
80:
76:
75:
65:
64:
58:
57:
54:
53:
47:
39:
38:
36:William Burnet
35:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3623:
3612:
3609:
3607:
3604:
3602:
3599:
3597:
3594:
3592:
3589:
3587:
3584:
3582:
3579:
3577:
3574:
3573:
3571:
3564:
3553:
3550:
3549:
3546:
3540:
3537:
3535:
3532:
3530:
3527:
3525:
3522:
3520:
3519:
3515:
3513:
3510:
3508:
3505:
3503:
3500:
3498:
3495:
3493:
3490:
3488:
3485:
3483:
3480:
3478:
3475:
3473:
3470:
3468:
3465:
3463:
3460:
3458:
3455:
3453:
3450:
3448:
3445:
3443:
3440:
3438:
3435:
3433:
3430:
3428:
3425:
3423:
3420:
3418:
3415:
3413:
3410:
3408:
3405:
3403:
3400:
3398:
3395:
3393:
3390:
3388:
3385:
3383:
3380:
3378:
3375:
3373:
3370:
3368:
3365:
3363:
3360:
3358:
3355:
3353:
3350:
3348:
3345:
3343:
3340:
3338:
3335:
3333:
3330:
3328:
3325:
3323:
3320:
3318:
3315:
3313:
3310:
3308:
3307:
3303:
3301:
3298:
3296:
3293:
3291:
3288:
3286:
3283:
3281:
3278:
3276:
3273:
3271:
3268:
3266:
3263:
3261:
3258:
3256:
3253:
3251:
3248:
3246:
3243:
3241:
3238:
3236:
3233:
3231:
3230:
3226:
3224:
3221:
3219:
3216:
3214:
3213:
3209:
3207:
3204:
3202:
3199:
3197:
3194:
3192:
3189:
3187:
3184:
3182:
3181:
3177:
3175:
3172:
3170:
3167:
3165:
3164:
3160:
3158:
3157:
3153:
3151:
3148:
3146:
3143:
3141:
3138:
3136:
3133:
3131:
3130:
3126:
3124:
3121:
3120:
3118:
3116:
3111:Commonwealth
3108:
3102:
3099:
3097:
3094:
3092:
3089:
3087:
3086:
3082:
3080:
3077:
3075:
3074:
3070:
3068:
3067:
3063:
3061:
3058:
3056:
3055:
3051:
3049:
3046:
3044:
3041:
3039:
3038:
3034:
3032:
3031:
3027:
3025:
3022:
3020:
3019:
3015:
3013:
3010:
3008:
3007:
3003:
3001:
2998:
2996:
2995:
2991:
2989:
2986:
2984:
2983:
2979:
2977:
2976:
2972:
2970:
2967:
2965:
2964:
2960:
2958:
2955:
2954:
2952:
2950:
2942:
2936:
2933:
2931:
2928:
2926:
2923:
2922:
2920:
2918:
2910:
2895:
2892:
2890:
2887:
2885:
2882:
2880:
2877:
2875:
2872:
2870:
2867:
2865:
2862:
2860:
2857:
2855:
2852:
2850:
2847:
2845:
2842:
2840:
2837:
2835:
2832:
2830:
2827:
2825:
2822:
2820:
2817:
2815:
2812:
2810:
2807:
2805:
2802:
2800:
2797:
2796:
2794:
2792:
2784:
2780:
2773:
2768:
2766:
2761:
2759:
2754:
2753:
2750:
2740:
2738:
2731:
2725:
2722:
2720:
2717:
2715:
2712:
2709:
2706:
2704:
2701:
2698:
2695:
2693:
2690:
2688:
2685:
2683:
2680:
2678:
2675:
2673:
2670:
2668:
2665:
2663:
2660:
2658:
2655:
2653:
2650:
2648:
2645:
2643:
2640:
2638:
2635:
2633:
2630:
2628:
2625:
2623:
2620:
2618:
2615:
2613:
2610:
2607:
2604:
2602:
2599:
2597:
2594:
2592:
2589:
2587:
2584:
2582:
2579:
2577:
2574:
2572:
2569:
2567:
2564:
2562:
2559:
2557:
2554:
2552:
2549:
2547:
2544:
2542:
2539:
2537:
2534:
2532:
2529:
2527:
2524:
2522:
2519:
2517:
2514:
2512:
2509:
2507:
2504:
2502:
2499:
2497:
2494:
2492:
2489:
2487:
2484:
2482:
2479:
2477:
2474:
2472:
2471:W. Pennington
2469:
2467:
2464:
2462:
2459:
2457:
2454:
2452:
2449:
2447:
2444:
2442:
2439:
2437:
2434:
2432:
2429:
2427:
2424:
2422:
2419:
2417:
2414:
2412:
2409:
2407:
2404:
2403:
2401:
2395:
2391:
2385:
2382:
2380:
2377:
2375:
2372:
2370:
2367:
2364:
2361:
2358:
2355:
2352:
2349:
2347:
2344:
2341:
2338:
2335:
2332:
2330:
2327:
2325:
2322:
2319:
2316:
2313:
2310:
2308:
2305:
2302:
2299:
2297:
2294:
2292:
2289:
2287:
2284:
2281:
2278:
2276:
2273:
2271:
2268:
2267:
2265:
2263:
2259:
2253:
2250:
2249:
2247:
2241:
2237:
2231:
2228:
2226:
2223:
2221:
2218:
2216:
2213:
2211:
2208:
2207:
2205:
2203:
2199:
2193:
2190:
2188:
2185:
2183:
2180:
2178:
2175:
2173:
2170:
2169:
2167:
2165:
2161:
2146:
2143:
2142:
2140:
2138:
2134:
2130:
2123:
2118:
2116:
2111:
2109:
2104:
2103:
2100:
2090:
2081:
2080:
2072:
2066:
2061:
2052:
2051:
2043:
2037:
2033:
2024:
2023:
2012:
2008:
1999:
1998:
1990:
1984:
1979:
1972:
1968:
1964:
1963:
1958:
1954:
1950:
1946:
1942:
1941:
1935:
1931:
1927:
1923:
1919:
1918:
1912:
1908:
1904:
1900:
1896:
1892:
1888:
1883:
1879:
1875:
1871:
1870:
1864:
1860:
1858:9781579584252
1854:
1850:
1846:
1842:
1838:
1834:
1830:
1828:9780813511610
1824:
1820:
1815:
1811:
1807:
1803:
1801:9780838635544
1797:
1793:
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1784:
1780:
1776:
1772:
1771:
1765:
1761:
1757:
1753:
1751:9780807808054
1747:
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1724:9780801426384
1720:
1716:
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1697:9780684143255
1693:
1688:
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1680:
1676:
1672:
1668:
1666:9780874137118
1662:
1658:
1653:
1649:
1645:
1641:
1639:9780754662488
1635:
1631:
1626:
1622:
1618:
1614:
1612:9780393301809
1608:
1603:
1602:
1595:
1591:
1587:
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1576:
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1562:9780521651776
1558:
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1471:
1467:
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1461:
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1456:
1446:
1443:
1437:
1434:
1431:Barry, p. 118
1428:
1425:
1419:
1416:
1413:Barry, p. 126
1410:
1407:
1401:
1398:
1395:Barry, p. 125
1392:
1389:
1386:Barry, p. 124
1383:
1380:
1377:Barry, p. 119
1374:
1371:
1365:
1362:
1356:
1353:
1349:
1344:
1341:
1338:Barry, p. 122
1335:
1332:
1329:Lustig, p. 39
1326:
1323:
1320:Bonomi, p. 95
1317:
1314:
1308:
1305:
1302:Leder, p. 290
1299:
1296:
1293:Bonomi, p. 37
1290:
1287:
1284:Leder, p. 276
1281:
1278:
1275:Leder, p. 280
1272:
1270:
1266:
1263:Leder, p. 267
1260:
1257:
1254:Bonomi, p. 90
1251:
1248:
1245:Leder, p. 254
1242:
1239:
1236:Leder, p. 251
1233:
1230:
1224:
1222:
1218:
1215:Leder, p. 253
1212:
1209:
1203:
1200:
1194:
1191:
1185:
1182:
1179:Leder, p. 266
1176:
1173:
1170:Lustig, p. 37
1167:
1164:
1161:Lustig, p. 34
1158:
1155:
1149:
1146:
1140:
1137:
1131:
1128:
1122:
1120:
1116:
1110:
1107:
1101:
1098:
1092:
1089:
1083:
1080:
1076:
1071:
1068:
1062:
1059:
1056:Speake, p. 15
1053:
1050:
1044:
1041:
1035:
1032:
1026:
1023:
1018:
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1004:
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989:
982:
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928:
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867:
865:
861:
857:
851:
849:
845:
836:
834:
832:
828:
823:
821:
820:New Hampshire
817:
816:Massachusetts
813:
809:
805:
801:
798:In 1727 King
793:
791:
787:
785:
781:
777:
773:
769:
764:
762:
758:
754:
750:
746:
743:
734:
730:
726:
723:
719:
715:
711:
707:
703:
695:
693:
691:
686:
679:
677:
675:
671:
666:
658:
656:
654:
650:
646:
642:
641:Robert Hunter
638:
634:
626:
622:
615:
613:
611:
607:
606:numerological
603:
599:
598:Millennialist
595:
589:
587:
582:
578:
574:
570:
566:
562:
558:
554:
553:Royal Society
546:
544:
542:
538:
534:
530:
525:
523:
519:
514:
512:
508:
504:
500:
496:
492:
487:
485:
481:
477:
473:
469:
465:
456:
449:
447:
445:
439:
437:
433:
432:King George I
429:
425:
421:
417:
412:
407:
405:
401:
397:
393:
389:
388:New Hampshire
385:
384:Massachusetts
381:
377:
373:
364:
360:
356:
352:
348:
344:
341:
337:
328:
324:
321:
317:
312:
308:
303:
299:
295:
292:
286:
282:
279:
273:
270:
267:
263:
257:
252:
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245:
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228:
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178:
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162:
156:
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151:
148:
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145:
141:
135:
130:
127:
123:
120:
117:
111:
107:
104:
98:
92:
89:
87:
84:
83:
81:
77:
71:
66:
63:
59:
55:
51:
45:
40:
33:
30:
19:
3576:1680s births
3563:
3551:
3516:
3304:
3227:
3210:
3178:
3161:
3154:
3127:
3114:(since 1776)
3083:
3071:
3064:
3052:
3035:
3028:
3023:
3016:
3004:
2992:
2980:
2973:
2961:
2734:
2466:P. Dickerson
2436:M. Dickerson
2398:(since 1776)
2290:
2077:
2048:
2020:
1995:
1961:
1939:
1916:
1890:
1886:
1868:
1848:
1818:
1791:
1769:
1741:
1714:
1685:
1656:
1629:
1600:
1580:
1552:
1535:
1517:
1491:
1464:
1445:
1436:
1427:
1418:
1409:
1400:
1391:
1382:
1373:
1364:
1355:
1347:
1343:
1334:
1325:
1316:
1307:
1298:
1289:
1280:
1259:
1250:
1241:
1232:
1211:
1202:
1193:
1184:
1175:
1166:
1157:
1148:
1139:
1130:
1109:
1100:
1091:
1082:
1074:
1070:
1061:
1052:
1047:Hayes, p. 20
1043:
1034:
1025:
1014:
1003:
992:
981:
971:24 September
969:. Retrieved
962:the original
876:
868:
852:
848:Samuel Shute
840:
824:
797:
788:
780:Oswego River
772:Lake Ontario
768:Fort Niagara
765:
738:
699:
687:
683:
670:inflationary
662:
630:
592:
590:
550:
533:Isaac Newton
526:
515:
488:
461:
440:
408:
404:Isaac Newton
371:
370:
331:(1729-09-07)
313:March 1687/8
289:Succeeded by
255:
235:Succeeded by
201:
181:Succeeded by
170:Lewis Morris
133:
114:Succeeded by
69:
48:Portrait by
29:
3581:1729 deaths
3442:Saltonstall
3300:W. Washburn
3270:E. Washburn
3218:Lincoln Jr.
3180:Lincoln Sr.
2948:(1692–1776)
2916:(1686–1689)
2790:(1629–1686)
2697:DiFrancesco
2296:Montgomerie
874:in Boston.
794:Replacement
784:Lake Oneida
776:Fort Oswego
733:Fort Oswego
633:Comptroller
573:Switzerland
565:James Logan
499:William III
320:Netherlands
276:Preceded by
222:Preceded by
165:Preceded by
101:Preceded by
50:John Watson
3570:Categories
3357:Greenhalge
3096:Hutchinson
3085:Hutchinson
2935:Bradstreet
2894:Bradstreet
2884:Bellingham
2874:Bellingham
2834:Bellingham
2586:J. F. Fort
2491:G. F. Fort
2441:Williamson
2421:Bloomfield
2406:Livingston
2359:(Lt. Gov.)
2282:(Lt. Gov.)
2280:Ingoldesby
2026:1720–1728
2001:1720–1728
1468:. Boston:
1457:References
710:New France
659:New Jersey
649:New Jersey
511:Queen Anne
450:Early life
398:was later
380:New Jersey
3229:Armstrong
3000:J. Dudley
2988:J. Dudley
2975:Stoughton
2969:Bellomont
2963:Stoughton
2945:Province
2925:J. Dudley
2913:Dominion
2864:T. Dudley
2849:T. Dudley
2829:T. Dudley
2809:T. Dudley
2724:P. Murphy
2703:McGreevey
2576:F. Murphy
2536:McClellan
2244:(1688–89)
1930:316489316
1760:312348155
1675:247735151
1648:461323906
1571:186428681
1544:164631994
860:Cambridge
858:and then
804:George II
480:godfather
464:The Hague
416:fur trade
354:Signature
316:The Hague
269:George II
256:In office
215:George II
202:In office
155:George II
138:1720–1728
134:In office
91:George II
74:1720–1728
70:In office
3512:Cellucci
3452:Bradford
3407:Coolidge
3347:Brackett
3337:Robinson
3265:Clifford
3260:Boutwell
3174:Sullivan
3066:S. Phips
3054:S. Phips
2957:W. Phips
2889:Leverett
2879:Endecott
2869:Endecott
2859:Endecott
2854:Winthrop
2844:Endecott
2839:Winthrop
2824:Winthrop
2804:Winthrop
2799:Endecott
2735:* Under
2719:Christie
2657:Driscoll
2571:Voorhees
2521:Randolph
2481:Stratton
2451:Southard
2411:Paterson
2384:Franklin
2365:(acting)
2353:(acting)
2342:(acting)
2336:(acting)
2334:Hamilton
2320:(acting)
2318:Hamilton
2314:(acting)
2312:Anderson
2303:(acting)
2230:Hamilton
2220:Hamilton
2210:Byllynge
2192:Hamilton
2182:Hamilton
2172:Carteret
2145:Carteret
2091:(acting)
2073:(acting)
2062:(acting)
2044:(acting)
1991:(acting)
1971:18571479
1837:12947737
1810:29635211
1733:24319878
1621:10557902
1515:(1812).
1505:19089435
1350:, p. 293
1077:, p. 142
889:See also
800:George I
742:Huguenot
718:Montreal
702:Iroquois
680:New York
645:New York
557:a fellow
518:smallpox
424:Montreal
418:between
376:New York
296:(acting)
283:(acting)
242:(acting)
229:(acting)
192:6th
150:George I
143:Monarchs
108:(acting)
86:George I
79:Monarchs
3552:Italics
3529:Patrick
3502:Dukakis
3492:Dukakis
3487:Sargent
3477:Peabody
3467:Furcolo
3377:Douglas
3362:Wolcott
3352:Russell
3295:Claflin
3290:Bullock
3275:Gardner
3235:Everett
3140:Hancock
3135:Bowdoin
3129:Cushing
3123:Hancock
3091:Bernard
3079:Pownall
3060:Shirley
3048:Shirley
3043:Belcher
2787:Colony
2714:Corzine
2692:Whitman
2637:Hoffman
2612:Edwards
2596:Fielder
2369:Bernard
2363:Reading
2357:Pownall
2351:Reading
2346:Belcher
2340:Reading
2177:Barclay
1907:1920323
1878:2013049
1783:1075554
1706:1230649
1590:2453886
1527:1387107
1482:1480639
933:In the
757:Mohawks
503:Mary II
493:in the
265:Monarch
211:Monarch
174:Council
3539:Healey
3524:Romney
3462:Herter
3437:Hurley
3432:Curley
3417:Fuller
3402:McCall
3387:Draper
3332:Butler
3322:Talbot
3312:Gaston
3306:Talbot
3285:Andrew
3255:Briggs
3250:Morton
3240:Morton
3212:Morton
3206:Eustis
3201:Brooks
3196:Strong
3169:Strong
3150:Sumner
3037:Tailer
3030:Dummer
3024:Burnet
3018:Dummer
3006:Tailer
2930:Andros
2814:Haynes
2687:Florio
2672:Cahill
2667:Hughes
2662:Meyner
2647:Edison
2627:Larson
2617:Silzer
2606:Runyon
2591:Wilson
2581:Stokes
2566:Griggs
2556:Abbett
2546:Abbett
2541:Ludlow
2526:Parker
2511:Parker
2501:Newell
2486:Haines
2476:Haines
2456:Seeley
2416:Howell
2329:Morris
2301:Morris
2291:Burnet
2286:Hunter
2252:Andros
1969:
1953:526147
1951:
1928:
1905:
1876:
1855:
1835:
1825:
1808:
1798:
1781:
1758:
1748:
1731:
1721:
1704:
1694:
1673:
1663:
1646:
1636:
1619:
1609:
1588:
1569:
1559:
1542:
1525:
1503:
1480:
831:Boston
761:London
714:Albany
539:, the
529:Oxford
497:, and
444:Boston
420:Albany
346:Spouse
336:Boston
3534:Baker
3518:Swift
3482:Volpe
3472:Volpe
3457:Dever
3447:Tobin
3422:Allen
3397:Walsh
3382:Guild
3372:Bates
3367:Crane
3280:Banks
3245:Davis
3223:Davis
3191:Gerry
3145:Adams
3012:Shute
2708:Codey
2677:Byrne
2642:Moore
2632:Moore
2622:Moore
2561:Werts
2551:Green
2531:Bedle
2506:Olden
2496:Price
2461:Vroom
2446:Vroom
2426:Ogden
2394:State
2379:Hardy
2374:Boone
2307:Cosby
2225:Basse
2187:Basse
1903:JSTOR
965:(PDF)
958:(PDF)
916:Notes
856:Salem
708:with
602:Jesus
3507:Weld
3497:King
3392:Foss
3342:Ames
3327:Long
3317:Rice
3186:Gore
3156:Gill
3101:Gage
2819:Vane
2682:Kean
2652:Edge
2601:Edge
2516:Ward
2215:Coxe
1967:OCLC
1949:OCLC
1926:OCLC
1874:OCLC
1853:ISBN
1833:OCLC
1823:ISBN
1806:OCLC
1796:ISBN
1779:OCLC
1756:OCLC
1746:ISBN
1729:OCLC
1719:ISBN
1702:OCLC
1692:ISBN
1671:OCLC
1661:ISBN
1644:OCLC
1634:ISBN
1617:OCLC
1607:ISBN
1586:OCLC
1567:OCLC
1557:ISBN
1540:OCLC
1523:OCLC
1501:OCLC
1478:OCLC
973:2012
818:and
751:and
722:furs
653:Whig
647:and
594:1715
501:and
484:Mary
422:and
386:and
378:and
326:Died
310:Born
3427:Ely
3412:Cox
1945:164
1922:330
1895:doi
1775:176
1497:104
1474:293
571:in
3572::
1947:.
1924:.
1901:.
1889:.
1831:.
1804:.
1777:.
1754:.
1727:.
1700:.
1669:.
1642:.
1615:.
1565:.
1499:.
1476:.
1268:^
1220:^
1118:^
1013:.
991:.
946:^
924:^
833:.
822:.
612:.
434:,
406:.
338:,
318:,
2771:e
2764:t
2757:v
2710:*
2699:*
2608:*
2121:e
2114:t
2107:v
1973:.
1955:.
1932:.
1909:.
1897::
1891:3
1880:.
1861:.
1839:.
1812:.
1785:.
1762:.
1735:.
1708:.
1677:.
1650:.
1623:.
1592:.
1573:.
1546:.
1529:.
1507:.
1484:.
975:.
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
