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910:("dark, arbitrary, unwritten, incoherent . . . and contradictory") allowed judges "not simply to administer the law, but exercise a legislative and even an executive power directly in defiance and contempt of the Constitution". While in the British system, it was appropriate that they be independent of the monarch, in a free republic it was intolerable that judges should not be held to popular account. He published and promoted
879:. But more than this, Duane assured Jefferson that he concurred with him in regarding slavery as "congenial to the habits of thinking and to the condition of the actual Africans and their immediate descendants". While he may have "known Africans of highly cultivated minds", he did not regard them as true equals as there was not one but "content to be an external imitator of the manners and habits of white men".
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their own cases; the furnishing of lawyers, where required, by the government; term-limits for judges; simple, rather than two-thirds, majorities for their senate impeachment; a senate elected annually; the right of defendants in libel cases to plead the truth of their assertions; a curtailment of executive patronage; and, to sanction all of the above, a constitutional convention.
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Snyder did succeed McKean at the end of 1808. But while as
Speaker he had moved legislation to submit minor cases to arbitration, no other part of Duane's reform programme secured his support as governor. Neglected were his calls for the simplification of legal proceedings so that people might handle
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as
President, but they never succeeded in jailing or silencing him. In February 1799, juries rejected attempts to prosecute Duane and Reynolds for sedition following an incident, reported by the Federalists as a "United Irish riot". They had been accosted while posting petitions against the Alien and
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should, Cobbett suggested, be treated "as we would a TURK, a JEW, a JACOBIN or a DOG". He directed the same invective against Duane's growing circle of United Irish émigrés, describing them as men "animated by the same infamous principles, and actuated by that same thirst for blood and plunder, which
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held in 1821 expressed its gratitude to Duane, and with his friend Torres appointed his country's first ambassador to
Washington, Duane travelled to the new republic in 1822. Duane's extensive observations on social and political conditions made on a 1,300-mile journey through the territories that,
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Within a week of the assault, Duane began organising a defence militia, eventually a series of companies some 800 strong called the
Philadelphia Militia Legion. Drawn largely from the city's Irish, it was better known as the Republican Greens. In addition to protecting Duane and his presses from
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Duane proposed to
Jefferson that slaves be enrolled in the army, but was not clear that military service should earn them their freedom (as 4,000 to 5,000 were to do volunteering with the British). What is clear, is Duane believed that Jefferson could be swayed by the prospect of black soldiers
375:. Duane blamed a source he identified as an agent of the French Royalist French Government in Exile. Sued for libel, Duane lost control of his paper and, dragged by his hair through the streets of Calcutta, was committed to a debtors' prison. Undaunted, he founded a second newspaper,
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A Hand Book for
Infantry: Containing the First Principles of Military Discipline, Founded on the Rational Method Intended to Explain in a Familiar and Practical Manner, For the Use of the Military Force of the United States, The Modern Improvements in the Discipline and Movement of
781:, under the heading "The President Again," Callender wrote that it was "well known that the man, whom it delighteth the people to honor, keeps, and for many years past has kept, as his concubine, one of his own slaves. Her name is SALLY." This was an exposé of Jefferson's long-term
669:, Duane had argued for citizenship that, in the "spirit of resistance to oppression, the spirit of philanthropy, the spirit of benevolence, of humanity", could encompass "the Jew, the savage, the Mahometan, the idolator, upon all of whom the sun shines equally".
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The East India
Company authorities were alarmed by his reporting of news from revolutionary France, and of intrigues in the various Indian princely courts where a return of French influence was greatly feared. He further offended by printing a spurious report of
595:, the Irish republicans had formed a society dedicated to the proposition (to which each member attested) that "a free form of government, and uncontrouled opinion on all subjects, the common rights of all the human species". Against the backdrop of America's
773:, who had been fined and imprisoned under the Sedition Act for his scurrilous attacks on Adams, attempted, in effect, to blackmail Jefferson. In advance of his revelations, Duane sought to discredit the Scottish journalist. On 25 August 1802, the
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further attack, ultra-Republicans saw the drilled and armed volunteers as a counter to the perceived threat of a
Federalist standing army. Duane argued that the volunteers were a Republican bulwark against the threat of Federalist tyranny.
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Duane declared that in the cause of
Ireland's emancipation from "the horrid yoke of Britain" he was as "very a United Irishman as any tyrant could abhor". But in protesting the Alien and Sedition Acts, he had also articulated the
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Politics for
American Farmers: being a series of tracts on the blessings of free government, as it is administered in the United States, compared with the boasted stupendous fabric of British Monarchy
943:. The result was an election in 1805 that split the Jeffersonian coalition: previously defeated Federalists ("Quids") coalesced with "Constitutional Republicans" to secure the governor's re-election.
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had used intrigue to exert its influence on the United States. But able to produce a letter that John Adams himself had written a few years earlier implying the same in respect of the appointment of
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A letter to George Washington, president of the United States: containing strictures on his address of the seventeenth of September, 1796, notifying his relinquishment of the presidential office.
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accused Callender of infecting his wife with venereal disease and of getting drunk in the next room while she languished and died and his children went hungry. In the next issue of his Richmond
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Detection of a conspiracy, formed by the United Irishmen, with the evident intention of aiding the tyrants of France in subverting the government of the United States. / By Peter Porcupine
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In the new year, and in advance of widespread arrests, Duane departed for the United States from which, in his disputes with the East India Company, he had already claimed citizenship.
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In Pennsylvania, Duane launched a crusade for judicial reform from which President Jefferson stood notably aloof. Duane charged that a combination of judicial independence and English
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the division that it is "the policy of the British in every part of the globe" to exploit. Just as they have "arrayed the white Protestant against the white Catholic in Ireland", "
730:. Facing charges of breaching Senate privileges and of contempt, Duane went into hiding for several weeks until the Federalist-controlled Congress adjourned. Jefferson called the
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Duane supported the movements in Spanish America for independence (a cause for which many United Irishmen volunteered their services), He befriended the patriot exile from
471:, Duane chaired the last, and grandest, of its mass meetings. Riding a tide of street protest, the LCS called a "monster meeting" for 26 October 1795 at Copenhagen Fields,
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1514:
914:, by Jesse Higgins, in which the alternative of a general codified law of reference is presented as "justice made cheap, speedy, and brought home to every man's door"
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Act he would regard as an infringement on the First Amendment freedom of the press and, if necessary, would override the recommendation of the U.S. Senate to order a
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of Rifles. In 1811, now a private citizen, Jefferson did solicit funds for his benefit, while pleading with Duane to cherish and maintain Republican unity. In the
754:. Yet, unwilling to privilege Duane's paper over the rest of the Republican press, the President declined to help raise new funding for what Duane was now calling
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American Aurora : a Democratic-Republican returns : the suppressed history of our nation's beginnings and the heroic newspaper that tried to report it
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Independence National Historical Park: The Home and Office of William Duane (Publisher of the Aurora) 316 Market Street, Philadelphia, Historic Structure Report
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American Aurora : a Democratic-Republican returns : the suppressed history of our nation's beginnings and the heroic newspaper that tried to report it
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Independence National Historical Park: The Home and Office of William Duane (Publisher of the Aurora) 316 Market Street, Philadelphia, Historic Structure Report
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2338:"Sampson against the Philistines, or, The reformation of lawsuits: and justice made cheap, speedy, and brought home to every man's door . . . | WorldCat.org"
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Those Duane decried as "Anglo-Federals"—"ardent eulogists of privileged orders . . . of a British form of government"—triumphed with the succession of
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Conspiracy, Formed by the United Irishmen, With the Evident Intention of Aiding the Tyrants of France In Subverting the Government of the United States.
762:), but Duane did not receive the printing contracts he had expected from the new administration. He was also disappointed in losing to the rivalry of
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Washington D.C.: Office of History and Historic Architecture Eastern Service Sector, United States Department of the Interior, National Park Service
1335:. Washington D.C.: Office of History and Historic Architecture Eastern Service Sector, United States Department of the Interior, National Park Service
607:), for Cobbett, this was sufficient proof of an intention to organise slave revolts and "thus involve the whole country in rebellion and bloodshed".
515:. Together with the encouragement given to magistrates to use their public order powers, the Two Acts effectively muzzled the Society's activities.
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131:(12 May 1760 – 24 November 1835) was an American journalist, publisher, author and activist of Irish descent who was active on four continents.
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In 1794, this gave the Company further offence by revealing radical disaffection in the junior ranks of its army. Invited to breakfast by the
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by pressing reforms to hold the state judiciary and state legislature to greater popular account. In his later years, Duane joined war hero
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and annual parliaments. In addition to campaigning against the East India Company, Duane took a steady line against the war with the new
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Sometime in the early 1780s, Duane began working as a journalist in London. As a parliamentary reporter and political commentator for the
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Duane was severely beaten in his home by army officers demanding to know the source for an article detailing abuses in the repression of
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Duane had played a singular role in defeating efforts in the Federalist-controlled Congress to, in effect, steal the presidency. In the
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Convening in Philadelphia's African Free School, and admitting, together with "all those who have suffered in the cause of freedom",
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Through the period 1795-96, Duane took an active role in the LCS, and may have followed a number of prominent Irish members—Colonel
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734:"our comfort in the gloomiest days", and John Adams named Duane as one of the three or four men most responsible for his defeat.
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1796:"The United Irishmen, International Republicanism and the Definition of the Polity in the United States of America, 1791-1800"
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981:. The argument that a national regulation of public credit was a threat to constitutional liberties was taken up by his son
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The American Society of United Irishmen had been formed in 1797. By the beginning of 1799, it had chapters in Philadelphia,
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he gained a reputation as a Real or Radical Whig. This, not least, was for his coverage of the parliamentary impeachment of
2246:"The Battle of the Slaveholding Liberators: Great Britain, the United States, and Slavery in the Early Nineteenth Century"
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1539:
Emsley, Clive (1985). "Repression, "terror", and the rule of law in England during the decade of the French Revolution".
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During the war, Duane wrote a letter to Jefferson on 11 August 1814, expressing alarm at Britain's policy of recruiting
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Possibly adding to the suspicion with which he was regarded by authorities, Duane sought to promote printing in the
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he published details of the Ross Bill which would have established a closed-door Grand Committee, chaired by the
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2062:. Federal Edition. Collected and Edited by Paul Leicester Ford. New York and London, G.P. Putnam's Sons, 1904-5.
1800:
Proceedings of the Royal Irish Academy. Section C: Archaeology, Celtic Studies, History, Linguistics, Literature
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where in 1765, his father, a farmer and surveyor, died: killed, according to later family lore, in an attack by
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After two years in the new capital (in whose construction his former East India Company superior in Calcutta,
894:, continued as uncompromising abolitionists, many of their compatriots were to follow Duane in conforming to
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which government supporters sought to discredit by feeding the paper spurious reports of French victories.
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Phillips, Kim T., "William Duane, Philadelphia's Democratic-Republicans, and Origins of Modern Politics,"
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universalism that Cobbett proposed was at the heart of the alleged Franco-Irish conspiracy. In a reply to
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1515:"Truth and treason! or a narrative of the royal procession to the House of Peers, October the 29th, 1795"
1145:
796:, was making a fortune), Duane entrusted his operation in Washington to his son (by his first marriage),
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identified Duane as one of the society's principals, alongside his Market Street neighbor, the publisher
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had previously supported, failed to respond to these arguments, Duane, in an Irish-German alliance with
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331:.In 1788, after sending his wife and infant son back to Clonmel, Duane was induced to travel himself to
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Torres's views and accounts of the independence struggle. Torres, in turn, translated Spanish-American
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On taking office in 1801, Jefferson wrote to Duane asking for "an exact list of the prosecutions of a
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had reduced France to a vast human slaughter-house". In May 1798, he began publishing accounts of a
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Irish couple, Anastasia (née Sarsfield) and John Duane. Shortly afterward the family moved south to
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Printing in Calcutta to 1800: A Description and Checklist of Printing in Late 18th-century Calcutta
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Sedition Acts. He was again charged, for seditious libel in response to articles published in the
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described him as "an able, indefatigable, and persevering writer of the old democratic school".
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declined. In 1822, Duane "dropped his editorial pen", and in 1824 the paper ceased publication.
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administration. When, awaiting trial, Bache in died in September 1798 (carried away by the same
467:, charging collusion with the United Irishmen and with the French, proscribed the Society, with
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press accused Duane of advancing principles of interracial democracy in a conspiracy with the
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nature" against him, and over which he, as President, might have control. Any resting on the
626:. In December 1798, in an editorial reprinted by Cobbett, the leading Federalist paper, the
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Notorious in the Neighborhood: Sex and Families Across the Color Line in Virginia, 1787-1861
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Duane, nonetheless, demonstrated his loyalty. Stung by the President's seeming ingratitude,
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A result of Duane's disappointment was a bitter print war with his former associate in the
2793:"William Duane, Philadelphia's Democratic Republicans, and the Origins of Modern Politics"
2643:
Ireland and the Americas: Culture, Politics, and History: a Multidisciplinary Encyclopedia
1994:"William Duane, Philadelphia's Democratic Republicans, and the Origins of Modern Politics"
1098:
A Caution: or Reflections on the Current Dispute between the French and American Republics
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368:
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150:. Both were closed down for seditious content and in 1794 he was deported by order of the
863:", by offering American slaves liberty the British were seeking to set the anti-slavery
1896:, Baltimore: Printed for George Keating's Bookstore. Cited MacGiollabhui (2019), p.113.
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1280:"'Great Gulf of All Undone Beings': William Duane's Radicalism in a Global Context"
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1362:"For India's docile media, a lesson in press freedom from 18th century Calcutta"
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William Duane died in Philadelphia in 1835 at the age of 76 and was interred at
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as the United States' minister to London, Duane avoided prosecution. In May 1799
445:
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equally disillusioned by Britain's colonial mission) the brothers Benjamin and
1757:"In Defense of Civil Society: Irish Radicals in Philadelphia during the 1790s"
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2009:
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1602:, Charlottesville and London: University Press of Virginia, 2001, pp. 176–95.
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opposition. As a result of his attempt to justify the French position in the
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2439:
2154:"The Tragic Untold Tale of the Rumormonger Who Took Down Alexander Hamilton"
1925:
Transoceanic Radical: William Duane: National Identity and Empire, 1760-1835
1716:
1600:"The Tyranny of Printers": Newspaper Politics in the Early American Republic
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935:, swung his support behind a Democratic-Republican challenger for governor,
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277:. After some years in Philadelphia and Baltimore, his mother brought him to
1101:, with John Dickenson, Philadelphia: Pennsylvania Historical Society, 1798.
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protests against "foreign extremists". The influence and readership of the
410:. He had for that purpose designed a number of different typeface scripts.
39:
2509:
2337:
215:, British forces pursued a policy of recruiting fugitive American slaves.
1718:
Sons of Exile: The United Irishmen in Transnational Perspective 1791-1827
1037:
958:, Snyder's trusted advisor and, from 1807, editor in Philadelphia of the
758:
The paper did win new prominence (for a period appearing as an early-day
503:, had the windows of his carriage smashed by crowd shouting "No King, No
293:. He found employment, apprenticing as a printer with a local paper, the
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United Irishmen, United States: Immigrant Radicals in the Early Republic
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United Irishmen, United States: Immigrant Radicals in the Early Republic
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America Afire: Jefferson, Adams, and the Revolutionary Election of 1800
1616:
America Afire: Jefferson, Adams, and the Revolutionary Election of 1800
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Their feud did much to discredit radical republicanism and to embolden
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537:(who had learned the printing trade in the company of his grandfather,
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2032:"Founders Online: From Thomas Jefferson to William Duane, 23 May 1801"
345:
did not materialise, but while working as a revenue collector for the
158:
as an active member of the city's federation of democratic clubs, the
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575:, relied on Duane to continue publication. They were later to marry.
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622:: ports of entry that had begun to receive defeated insurgents from
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Transoceanic Radical : National Identity and Empire, 1760-1835
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Byrne, James Patrick; Coleman, Philip; King, Jason Francis (2008).
1570:(Second ed.). London: Methuen & Co. Ltd. pp. 157–158.
830:
The American military library, or, Compendium of the modern tactics
238:
in their opposition to concentrating control of public credit in a
2106:
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507:, No war". The government seized on the occasion to introduce the
388:
487:, crowds estimated at upwards of 200,000 heard Duane confirm his
2575:"The Activities of Manuel Torres As Purchasing Agent, 1820-1821"
989:(whom Binns had vehemently opposed) appointed the younger Duane
912:
Sampson against the Philistines, or, The reformation of lawsuits
578:
Bache had been serially denounced by the Federalist pamphleteer
165:
In advance of the society's suppression, in 1796 he returned to
246:
where he was recognised by his hosts for his support in their
2745:
Records of the Columbia Historical Society, Washington, D.C
2698:
Records of the Columbia Historical Society, Washington, D.C
2315:
2211:
Records of the Columbia Historical Society, Washington, D.C
1230:
Records of the Columbia Historical Society, Washington, D.C
808:
Before leaving office in 1808, Jefferson appointed Duane a
571:
outbreak that had taken Duane's wife in July), his widow,
1894:
Letter to George Washington President of the United States
1458:"Hamilton, William Henry | Dictionary of Irish Biography"
1836:, Philadelphia: Library. Company of Philadelphia, p. 26.
785:(the "African Venus said to officiate as housekeeper at
2720:
Pennsylvania History: A Journal of Mid-Atlantic Studies
1649:"Those "Wild Irishmen" and the Alien and Sedition Acts"
1036:
in 1831, were to divide into the present-day republics
851:. In the letter, he argued that Britain was finding in
2184:. University of North Carolina Press. pp. 95–96.
1721:(Thesis). UC Santa Cruz (Thesis). pp. 94–95, 198.
1679:. Internet Archive. William Morrow. pp. 208–209.
828:. Duane wrote and published his own military manuals:
289:, disowned him when he married Catherine Corcorane, a
533:, then the provisional capital of the United States,
281:, accepting the protection of his paternal family in
226:, Duane split the Democratic-Republican coalition in
357:), in December 1789 he began to edit and manage the
285:. In 1779, his mother, who had intended him for the
2878:
19th-century American newspaper publishers (people)
2873:
18th-century American newspaper publishers (people)
2624:"William Duane and his 'Visit to Colombia' of 1823"
1415:"William Duane and his "Visit to Colombia" of 1823"
637:, and, James Reynolds. A United Irish veteran from
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105:
97:
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67:
46:
30:
16:
American journalist, publisher, author and activist
2918:Pre-Confederation Newfoundland and Labrador people
2797:The Pennsylvania Magazine of History and Biography
1998:The Pennsylvania Magazine of History and Biography
1613:
766:control of Jefferson's patronage in Pennsylvania.
1124:A Visit to Columbia, in the Years 1822 & 1823
559:, Bache faced charges of seditious libel against
371:having been killed while on the campaign against
1047:A Visit to Columbia in the Years 1822 & 1823
1017:for Duane, and Duane's editorials into Spanish.
886:Although prominent United Irish exiles, such as
726:, an Adams appointee, with powers to disqualify
2060:The Works of Thomas Jefferson in Twelve Volumes
2056:Thomas Jefferson to William Duane, May 23, 1801
1909:, Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, p. 287.
1284:Eighteenth-Century Ireland / Iris an dá chultúr
2898:Burials at Laurel Hill Cemetery (Philadelphia)
2826:Rosenfeld, Richard N.; Duane, William (1998).
1968:"U.S. Senate: Senate Holds Editor in Contempt"
1583:Pennsylvania Magazine of History and Biography
2716:"William Duane, Crusader for Judicial Reform"
2456:"Aurora general advertiser. [volume]"
2316:"William Duane, Crusader for Judicial Reform"
1489:"Binns, John | Dictionary of Irish Biography"
8:
2416:Rosenfeld, Richard N; William Duane (1998).
2395:. Cornell University Press. pp. 73–74.
1347:India in the American Imaginary, 1780s–1880s
1053:Duane also had sufficient prestige to visit
857:the blacks of St. Domingo against the Whites
495:and democratic liberties. Three days later,
421:Back in London, Duane secured editorship of
353:, a reformer who was to oppose war with the
2883:Adjutants general of the United States Army
1093:Philadelphia: Benjamin Franklin Bache,1796.
456:, and William Henry Hamilton—in taking the
2536:"Irish Soldiers in South America, 1818-30"
2510:"Murray, Edmundo, "The Irish in Colombia""
1566:Cole, G. D. H.; Postgate, Raymond (1945).
349:(enjoying the friendship of his superior,
242:. He also travelled in and reported from,
146:, he managed two titles of his own in the
38:
27:
2294:The War of 1812 | Blacks in the War | PBS
2207:"Thomas Law, Washington's First Rich Man"
840:(1813), which ran into several editions.
207:. Duane, however, failed to maintain an
19:For other people with the same name, see
2678:. The Historical Society of Pennsylvania
2628:Irish Migration Studies in Latin America
2454:Humanities, National Endowment for the.
2083:. The Historical Society of Pennsylvania
1861:. Cornell University Press. p. 41.
1419:Irish Migration Studies in Latin America
2579:The Hispanic American Historical Review
2107:"President Jefferson and his Successor"
1482:
1480:
1478:
1393:. Bibliographical Society. p. 33.
1137:
541:, in Paris) hired Duane to work on the
475:. Speaking alongside veteran reformers
399:, and placed a ship bound for England.
101:journalist, newspaper publisher, author
2618:
2616:
2361:Phillips (1977), pp. 381-382, 385-386.
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1127:, Philadelphia: Thomas H. Palmer, 1826
1110:Washington City: R.C. Weightman, 1807.
641:, Reynolds had co-authored with Duane
429:(LCS), radical reformers committed to
187:opposition as well as for a community
2444:presents a history of this newspaper.
2379:Bushey (1938), 144-145, 148, 150-152.
2100:
2098:
1730:
1728:
458:Test or pledge of the United Irishmen
179:Duane became a leading publicist for
122:, American Society of United Irishmen
7:
1327:
1325:
1323:
1321:
1273:
1271:
1269:
1267:
1265:
1263:
1261:
1259:
1219:
1217:
1215:
1213:
1211:
1209:
1207:
1205:
1203:
1201:
417:and the London Corresponding Society
169:which he had first left as a child.
1834:Mathew Carey: Publisher and Patriot
1174:Transoceanic Radical: William Duane
191:émigrés with whom he protested the
2903:Irish expatriates in British India
2830:. New York: St. Martin's Griffin.
2540:Studies: An Irish Quarterly Review
861:Mahomedans against Hindus in India
789:") and of their several children.
724:Chief Justice of the Supreme Court
603:(then still under the flag of the
547:newspaper, the leading journal of
425:, a paper owned by members of the
303:American struggle for independence
93:, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, U.S.
14:
2152:Dickerson, John (9 August 2016).
1345:Anupama Arora and Rajender Kaur.
2205:Townsend, George Alfred (1901).
1922:Little, Nigel (6 October 2015).
973:In his last years, Duane joined
883:saving "so many of the whites".
800:, and returned to Philadelphia.
525:and the American United Irishmen
218:Finding limited favour with the
2768:. Hoboken: Taylor and Francis.
1612:Weisberger, Bernard A. (2000).
1433:The Unfortunate Colonel Despard
783:relationship with Sally Hemings
624:the summer rebellion in Ireland
301:for reform, and celebrated the
2250:The William and Mary Quarterly
2111:The American Historical Review
1715:MacGiollabhui, Muiris (2019).
1673:Bernard A. Weisberger (2000).
1586:, Vol. 101 (1977), pp. 365–87.
1009:, regularly publishing in the
991:U.S. Secretary of the Treasury
387:, he was seized on the way by
21:William Duane (disambiguation)
1:
2923:People from colonial New York
2893:American expatriates in India
1755:McAleer, Margaret H. (2003).
573:Margaret Hartman Markoe Bache
499:, in procession to the state
2714:Bushey, Glenn Leroy (1938).
2630:Vol. 4, No. 2: March. 54-58.
2489:biography.yourdictionary.com
2314:Bushey, Glenn Leroy (1938).
1905:Smith, James Morton (1956),
1568:The Common People, 1746–1938
1421:Vol. 4, No. 2: March. 54-58.
1360:Kumar, Anu (15 March 2018).
952:London Corresponding Society
738:Seeking favour in Washington
629:Gazette of the United States
427:London Corresponding Society
391:, held in the dungeon (the "
160:London Corresponding Society
154:. Back in London, he edited
120:London Corresponding Society
2669:"William Duane (1760-1835)"
2573:Bowman, Charles H. (1968).
2370:Bushey (1938), pp. 153-156.
2178:Rothman, Joshua D. (2003).
2074:"William Duane (1760-1835)"
1350:, Springer, 2017, pp. 78-81
1061:or other southern capital.
1031:The Congreso General de la
1024:William Duane tombstone in
920:When Pennsylvania governor
804:Slavery and the War of 1812
678:At war with the Federalists
444:(who had returned from the
335:. The promised position in
2944:
2326:(3 (July): (141–156), 144.
2105:Honeywell, Roy J. (1940).
1957:Weisberger (2000), p. 235.
1928:. Routledge. p. 144.
1620:. William Morrow. p.
1553:10.1093/ehr/C.CCCXCVII.801
431:universal manhood suffrage
134:After working for radical
18:
2928:People of the War of 1812
2888:American male journalists
2791:Phillips, Kim T. (1977).
2646:. ABC-CLIO. p. 196.
2389:Wilson, David A. (2011).
1992:Phillips, Kim T. (1977).
1855:Wilson, David A. (1998).
1794:Bric, Maurice J. (2004).
1735:Cobbett, William (1798).
1541:English Historical Review
979:Bank of the United States
898:, pro-slavery sentiment.
463:Before the government of
329:Governor General of India
37:
2739:Clark, Allan C. (1906).
2622:Barnwell, David (2006),
1767:(1): (176–197) 187–188.
1435:. London: Bantam Press.
1413:Barnwell, David (2006),
1224:Clark, Allan C. (1906).
977:in opposing the revived
845:fugitive American slaves
756:Aurora, for the Country.
645:a memorial presented to
259:St. John's, Newfoundland
220:Jefferson administration
2244:Mason, Matthew (2002).
1948:Philips (1977), p. 383.
1892:Duane, William (1797),
1177:. New York: Routledge.
1152:. National Park Service
867:against the proslavery
838:A Handbook for Infantry
834:A Handbook for Riflemen
651:Alien and Sedition Acts
599:with French and of the
535:Benjamin Franklin Bache
193:Alien and Sedition Acts
61:St John's, Newfoundland
2764:Little, Nigel (2015).
2585:(2): (234–246) 40–41.
2534:Lambert, Eric (1969).
1761:Early American Studies
1278:Little, Nigel (2006).
1171:Little, Nigel (2016).
1083:Selected works on line
1073:. His obituary in the
1050:(Philadelphia, 1826).
1028:
509:Seditious Meetings Act
2708:Biographic references
2420:. New York, NY, USA:
2117:(1): (64-75), 72–73.
2036:founders.archives.gov
1845:McAleer (203), p. 183
1832:Green, James (1985),
1806:(4): (81–106) 87–93.
1487:Quinn, James (2009).
1456:Quinn, James (2009).
1387:Shaw, Graham (1981).
1023:
985:. In 1833, President
924:(a lawyer), whom the
673:Jeffersonian Democrat
553:Democratic Republican
501:Opening of Parliament
295:Hibernian Advertiser,
248:wars of independence.
185:Democratic-Republican
110:Democratic-Republican
2815:Pratt, John (1971),
2422:St. Martin's Griffin
2320:Pennsylvania History
2004:(3): (365–387) 368.
1331:Pratt, John (1971),
1119:, Philadelphia, 1814
1071:Laurel Hill Cemetery
1026:Laurel Hill Cemetery
820:, elevated Duane to
760:Congressional Record
561:President John Adams
211:stance when, in the
91:Laurel Hill Cemetery
81:, Pennsylvania, U.S.
1877:10.7591/j.ctv19x4h6
937:State House Speaker
523:Philadelphia Aurora
404:different languages
321:General Advertiser,
297:that supported the
195:. In response, the
175:Philadelphia Aurora
2913:Newspaper founders
2514:www.irlandeses.org
1596:Pasley, Jeffery L.
1431:Jay, Mike (2004).
1296:10.3828/eci.2006.9
1029:
983:William John Duane
888:Thomas Addis Emmet
810:Lieutenant Colonel
601:Haitian Revolution
347:East India Company
299:Volunteer movement
257:Duane was born in
2908:Irish journalists
2775:978-1-317-31459-2
2653:978-1-85109-614-5
2402:978-1-5017-1159-6
2191:978-0-8078-2768-0
1935:978-1-317-31459-2
1907:Freedom's Fetters
1868:978-0-8014-3175-3
1686:978-0-380-97763-5
1513:British Library.
1400:978-0-19-721792-4
960:Democratic Press.
824:with the rank of
816:, his successor,
705:Fries's Rebellion
663:George Washington
643:The Plea of Erin,
539:Benjamin Franklin
481:Charles James Fox
377:The Indian World.
342:The India Gazette
172:As editor of the
148:Bengal Presidency
126:
125:
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2849:
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2667:Majewicz, Cary.
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902:Radical Democrat
853:American slavery
849:British military
822:adjutant general
798:William J. Duane
728:College electors
691:intimating that
667:Farewell Address
582:. The "stubborn
549:Thomas Jefferson
477:Joseph Priestley
381:Governor-General
314:The Indian World
236:Democratic Party
181:Thomas Jefferson
152:Governor General
74:
71:24 November 1835
56:
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2741:"William Duane"
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1741:. Philadelphia.
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1226:"William Duane"
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1146:"William Duane"
1144:
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1085:
1067:
999:
904:
892:William Sampson
877:white Americans
873:black Americans
806:
771:James Callender
764:Albert Gallatin
740:
697:Thomas Pinckney
680:
675:
649:protesting the
605:French Republic
580:William Cobbett
527:
454:Arthur O'Connor
435:French Republic
419:
385:Lord Teignmouth
369:Lord Cornwallis
355:French Republic
325:Warren Hastings
317:
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106:Political party
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2158:Slate Magazine
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1972:www.senate.gov
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752:Nolle prosequi
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493:natural rights
491:commitment to
442:Edward Despard
418:
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360:Bengal Journal
316:
310:Bengal Journal
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267:Lake Champlain
254:
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232:Andrew Jackson
205:American Union
203:to divide the
138:newspapers in
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2217:: 222–245.
2081:www.hsp.org
1524:30 December
1467:12 February
1368:. Scroll.in
1290:: 107–124.
1150:www.nps.gov
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1003:New Grenada
930:Congressman
836:(1812) and
814:War of 1812
707:in western
593:free blacks
513:Treason Act
446:West Indies
373:Tipu Sultan
213:War of 1812
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2857:Categories
2347:11 January
2300:10 January
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1462:www.dib.ie
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908:common law
794:Thomas Law
787:Monticello
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565:Federalist
557:XYZ Affair
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469:John Binns
450:John Binns
393:Black Hole
351:Thomas Law
291:Protestant
287:priesthood
253:Early life
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197:Federalist
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2010:0031-4587
1977:5 January
1812:0035-8991
1773:1543-4273
1658:2 January
1519:www.bl.uk
1498:3 January
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1242:0897-9049
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