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bricks), Peirce and his engineer Smith found a way to drastically increase the lifetime of the lining. It has been stated that, in some cases, the process allowing an increase from 10 to 2500 tons of copper produced without relining the converters. A reduction of the cost of copper converting from
186:
The Peirce-Smith converter quickly replaced the Manhès–David converter: by March 1912, the Peirce-Smith
Converting Co claimed that "over 80% of the copper produced in is being converted either in P-S type converters or on basic lining, under license, in the old acid shells".
109:. Described as "one of the foremost metallurgists of his time", Peirce became the vice president, director and a member of the Executive Committee of Revere from its incorporation in 1928 until his resignation in 1933.
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It is still in use today, although the process has been significantly improved since then. In 2010, with 250 converters working in the world, the Peirce-Smith converters refine 90% of the copper matte.
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in 1890, becoming vice president in 1895, and later, president of the company. Under his management, the company became one of the major copper producer of the
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283:(Larry M. Southwick. “JOM: The Member Journal of TMS” . International Peirce-Smith Converting Centennial. October 2008 Volume 60, No. 10)
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slag produced during the blowing combined with the acid silica refractory lining, thereby causing a very short lifetime of the lining.
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material containing iron, sulphur and copper, to become molten blister, an alloy containing 99% copper. But the
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medal, for "his numerous improvements in devices for smelting, refining, and rolling copper".
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Schlesinger, Marc E.; King, Matthew J.; Sole, Kathryn C.; Davenport, William G. I. (2011).
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167:. In this horizontal chemical reactor, where air was injected into copper matte, a molten
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By developing a basic refractory material adapted to the matte refining process (in
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refractory lining, made of sand and clay. It was developed by two French engineers,
281:
William Peirce and E.A. Cappelen Smith and Their
Amazing Copper Converting Machine
72:
313:
297:, Kenneth O. Bjork, Norwegian-American Historical Association, 1947, pp. 249–250
105:. In 1928, the company merged with five other copper companies, to create the
340:"Two Arizona mine leaders, honored by A. I. M. E. Mining Exchange, announced"
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Before this invention, the converter was a cylindrical barrel, lined with an
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309:
168:
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239:
Copper heritage: The Story of Revere Copper and Brass
Incorporated
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Levy, Donald M. (1912). C. Griffin & company, limited (ed.).
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from 1880 to 1884. Their copper-converting process, named the
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Longitudinal and cross sections of a Peirce–Smith converter
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in the early 20th century. Among his achievements was the
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205:President of the Peirce-Smith Converter Company
98:Baltimore Copper Smelting & Rolling Company
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201:Baltimore Copper Smelting & Rolling Co.
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209:American Smelting & Refining Company
199:In 1931, Peirce, still president of the
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113:Invention of the Peirce–Smith converter
183:15–20 USD to 4–5 USD has been stated.
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318:(5th ed.). pp. 127–143.
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163:, was directly derived from the
315:Extractive Metallurgy of Copper
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133:, significantly improved the
232:Marcosson, Isaac F. (1955).
390:
295:Saga in Steel and Concrete
207:and vice president of the
131:Elias Anton Cappelen Smith
85:Elias Anton Cappelen Smith
129:, developed in 1908 with
364:American civil engineers
259:Modern copper smelting
234:Dodd, Mead and Company
127:Peirce–Smith converter
122:
81:Peirce-Smith converter
54:Peirce-Smith converter
374:History of metallurgy
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107:Revere Copper Company
211:, is awarded of the
161:Manhès–David process
203:, as well as being
64:(died 1944) was an
344:The Mining Journal
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325:978-0-08-096789-9
77:copper production
62:William H. Peirce
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20:William H. Peirce
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165:Bessemer process
83:, invented with
75:, who pioneered
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73:metallurgist
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45:Metallurgist
369:1944 deaths
262:. pp.
34:Nationality
358:Categories
219:References
157:Paul David
135:converting
42:Occupation
310:Elsevier
180:magnesia
66:American
37:American
312:(ed.).
236:(ed.).
169:sulfide
322:
195:Honors
139:copper
266:–215.
243:(PDF)
173:basic
142:matte
320:ISBN
155:and
149:acid
125:The
91:Life
71:and
29:1944
26:Died
264:192
137:of
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272:^
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