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of the 18th and 19th centuries, which claimed
Africans and African Americans were mentally inferior to whites; he believed education and self-improvement would disprove white Americans' belief "that Africans do not possess minds as ingenious as other men." In an 1809 speech to the New York Society
53:
William
Hamilton learned the trade of carpentry, which he depended on to make his living. He got involved in community activism within the African-American community. Although New York passed a law to establish gradual abolition, there were still numerous slaves being held in the early
197:. Like many blacks in the United States, Hamilton sought full equality and civil rights in the United States, where he was born and had a stake, rather than emigration to Africa, a place he never knew.
157:, and racial prejudice in the United States, delivering numerous speeches in defense of the rights of enslaved people, and African Americans more broadly. Hamilton was also an early champion of
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As part of a movement of
African Americans to independence after slavery was abolished, many established independent congregations of churches and other independent black institutions. The
464:
246:
Ron
Chernow discussed the paternity issue with several experts and decided, "the paucity of evidence makes it impossible to deliver a final verdict." Ron Chernow,
68:(AME Church) was founded in Philadelphia as the first independent black denomination in the new United States. In 1820, Hamilton became a founding member of the
50:, Founding Father and future Secretary of the Treasury. His mother was a free woman of color. Historians are uncertain whether Alexander Hamilton was the father.
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Hamilton married and had a family. His two sons, Robert and Thomas
Hamilton, established and edited other African-American newspapers:
250:(2004) p. 735. Daniel C. Littlefield calls him "reputedly the mulatto son" in “John Jay, the Revolutionary Generation, and Slavery.”
193:, a movement among some white Americans to "repatriate" free blacks and newly freed slaves to a West African colony that would become
161:, arguing for the inter-connectedness and shared heritage of African peoples, regardless of their nationality or geographic location.
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orator and civil rights activist, based in New York City. He was born to a free black woman and was reputed to be a natural son of
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Rezek, Joseph (2010). "The
Orations on the Abolition of the Slave Trade and the Uses of Print in the Early Black Atlantic".
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81#1 (January 2000): 91-92. Likewise "reputed to be the son" is the verdict in C. Peter Ripley et al., eds.,
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145:(1855), had been published a few years before. Both helped raise support for the abolitionist cause.
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the first black newspaper in the United States. In the 1830s, he participated in and spoke against
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30:, the Founding Father. William Hamilton is best known as a leader in the first wave of American
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61:, which provided financial support for sick members as well as for their widows and children.
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Tripp, Bernell E. (2009). Sachsman, David B.; Rushing, S. Kittrell; Morris Jr., Roy (eds.).
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African or
American?: Black Identity and Political Activism in New York City, 1784-1861
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at the first national conventions of
African Americans. He also worked with
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Seeking a Voice: Images of Race and Gender in the 19th
Century Press
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Hamilton was among many black leaders who opposed the goals of the
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as an example of
African-American talent. This was in contrast to
223:. Tuscaloosa, AL: The University of Alabama. pp. 81–85.
72:, another independent black denomination, in New York City.
299:
Alexander, Leslie M.; Rucker, Walter C., eds. (2010).
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Foner, Philip S.; Branham, Robert James, eds. (1998).
258:(University of North Carolina Press, 1991) pp 359–60.
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Lift Every Voice: African American Oratory, 1787-1900
281:. West Lafayette, Indiana: Purdue University Press.
16:African-American civil rights activist (1773–1836)
46:sometime in 1773, and was reputed to be a son of
465:People of the African Methodist Episcopal church
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59:New York African Society for Mutual Relief
22:(1773 – December 9, 1836) was a prominent
301:Encyclopedia of African American History
127:period. In 1859, the magazine published
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153:Hamilton strongly opposed slavery, the
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54:post-Revolutionary War decades.
450:African-American abolitionists
183:Notes on the State of Virginia
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256:The Black Abolitionist Papers
191:American Colonization Society
121:African American publications
314:Rothman, Adam (April 2016).
455:African-American Methodists
316:"The Truth About Abolition"
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445:African-American activists
237:(2013), p. 253 and passim.
345:Early American Literature
303:. Vol. 1. ABC-CLIO.
460:Methodist abolitionists
109:Anglo-African Magazine.
131:'s anti-slavery novel
117:Anglo-African Magazine
88:William Lloyd Garrison
357:10.1353/eal.2010.0033
233:Leslie M. Alexander,
164:Hamilton opposed the
137:Harriet Beecher Stowe
42:Hamilton was born in
379:"Anglo African, The"
155:Atlantic slave trade
113:Weekly Anglo-African
105:Weekly Anglo-African
404:"Hamilton, William"
101:The People's Press,
367:– via JSTOR.
248:Alexander Hamilton
48:Alexander Hamilton
28:Alexander Hamilton
166:scientific racism
149:Political thought
142:Uncle Tom's Cabin
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201:References
139:'s novel,
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125:Civil War
44:New York
195:Liberia
84:slavery
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