William Jolly Bridge - Knowledge (XXG)

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involves a mixture of sand and cement which is loaded into one chamber, a stream of the dry mixture is forced along a delivery pipe to the gun, and on discharge is mixed with an annular jet of water. It was only in the 1920s that the process spread internationally, and it is difficult to ascertain whether other examples of bridges using the Gunite process, beside the St Paul Minnesota bridge, exist. It would appear that the use of Gunite in the arches, beams, deck members and hangers of the main spans, is a major early use of the process in Australia. The Opening Booklet for the bridge states:

214: 1164: 1148: 1085: 1096: 838:, Saul and Skew Streets, and between Skew Street, Eagle Terrace and North Quay on the northern side, and on the southern side, east of Grey Street between Montague Road and Melbourne Street. The final position of the bridge was determined by Harding Frew's recommendations (Earle and Gilchrist's were slightly upstream from the present site) and was accepted by Council in late 1926. The bridge was to have a North Quay underpass, and the estimated total cost was £700,000 including 1301: 888:(heavy, hollow, vertical reinforced concrete cylinders), and the contractor was noted as being completely in accord with this decision. The southern approach spans piers founded on timber piles all driven to rock, or to such depths as it was possible to drive them without damage, and the river piers are founded on reinforced concrete caissons. To achieve this the Sand Island method was invented by Manuel Hornibrook (1893-1970). 1284: 1156:

southern embankment, and a viaduct consisting of 16 spans ramping down to Grey Street to the south. The southern ramping section curves towards the southeast in plan, crossing Montague Road to align with Grey Street. The two smaller arches at the northern embankment are no longer extant, and have been replaced by precast, prestressed concrete deck units above Coronation Drive, which links onto the riverside expressway.

1386: 33: 762:). The report showed 11 proposed river crossings, and considered costs and savings made due to the reduction in haulage costs etc., and the need for a railway bridge was also discussed. A bridge at Grey Street would be a bypass for motor traffic between the southern suburbs and western suburbs of Brisbane to avoid increasing traffic congestion on the Victoria Bridge and on CBD streets such as 221: 716:, residential growth created continued demand for public transport, particularly through and from the South Brisbane peninsula. Land resumption for road widening was enacted in both Stanley and Melbourne Streets, and in September 1925, South Brisbane City Council is noted as having a population of 40,000 persons. In 1930 the completion of the 1333:

of the bridge was seen as a symbol of the unification of Greater Brisbane, and the bridge bears the name of the new city Council's first Mayor, and later Lord Mayor, William Alfred Jolly, who was Chairman of the Bridges and Ferries Committee and who had moved the motions which led to the construction of the bridge.

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The William Jolly Bridge is located at the tip of the South Brisbane peninsula, a location which traditionally has been a point of crossing of the Brisbane River from pre-European settlement. Aboriginal and later European pathways and land use patterns formed the basis for subsequent traffic networks

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The William Jolly Bridge was constructed between 1928 and 1932 following the formation of Greater Brisbane in 1925, and was one of the first major capital works of the new city Council being part of a bold policy of civic improvements under the provisions of the Greater Brisbane Act. The construction

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The bridge spans between ground level on the higher northern bank, ramping down to Grey Street inland from the southern bank. To achieve this, the bridge was constructed with three major spans of arched ribs across the river, with two smaller arches at the northern embankment and a single arch at the

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By the time Greater Brisbane was formed in 1925, the need for further cross river links had been established. Traffic across the Victoria Bridge had increased 76% from 1912 to 1925, and in 1923 it was noted that traffic tonnage had increased 49.5% in 15 months. The Victoria Bridge also contributed to

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On 10 February 1842, following the closure of the penal settlement, the Moreton Bay district was declared open for free settlement. As the point of entry and exit, South Brisbane prospered in the 1840s. In 1846 Brisbane was brought within the provisions of the Police Towns Act of 1839, and boundaries

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The tip of the South Brisbane peninsula is traditionally a point of crossing. A sandy beach marked the point of crossing for aboriginal tribes from the Moreton region, then later for Europeans who crossed the river near this point on the North Quay ferry, and then from the 1930s via the William Jolly

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The southern approach of the bridge, to the south of Montague Road, was designed to have wider footpaths and roadway than the remainder of the bridge to conform with the decision of the council to utilise this portion of the approach, so that access might be had to abutting buildings (directly) from

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Harding Frew recommended bridge type A and the Council adopted his recommendation, of which some of the details of approaches etc. changed from design to construction. The chosen bridge design was to be of concrete-encased steel with arched ribs which rise through the deck. The final decision of the

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Problems were encountered with the design of the bridge due to the depth of rock below the river bed increasing from approximately 14 to 23 metres (46 to 75 ft) on the southern bank. Due to the costly foundation work, a bridge type with long spans was chosen. Harding Frew considered five bridge

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benefited the local economy with a demand for factory and manufacturing sites. Health factors, noise and nuisance associated with industry and proximity to wharves and docks all contributed to the changing perception of the area bounded by Grey and Boundary Streets, Montague Road and the river. As a

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An unusual feature of the Grey Street Bridge is that the arches rise through the deck. It is noted that those living in Brisbane tend to regard this as normal for a bridge of this type; however this is in fact most unusual and few bridges around the world, including the Sydney Harbour Bridge, have

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The first meeting of the Greater Brisbane Council in March 1925 passed a motion concerning the employment of experts to investigate what cross river facilities were required and their best locations. Mayor William Alfred Jolly was Chairman of the Bridges and Ferries Committee, and recommended that

742:, Bridge Engineer of the Queensland Railways, noted that the bridge is now loaded to rather more than its orthodox capacity under live load, but it was considered that there was no immediate danger of collapse. His recommendations included various repairs, and that a second bridge should be built. 514:

Prior to European settlement, the whole of the South Brisbane peninsula was known as Kurilpa, meaning the place of rats, due to the large number of bush rats to be found in the lush vegetation of the area. (The riverfront park adjacent to the bridge at South Brisbane is now called Kurilpa Point.).

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in the reconstruction of skeletons of prehistoric animals. Between 1904 and 1909 this method was modified to spray sand and cement using a machine known as a Cement- Gun. Gunite was copyrighted in 1912 and continued as a proprietary trademark until 1967, when it became a generic term. The process

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The Sand Island is an artificial island constructed by placing sand within a closed ring of sheet piles driven into the bed of the river. Two islands were constructed for each pier (one for each of the cylindrical caissons) with the caissons being 28 feet (8.5 m) in diameter at the base. The

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On 7 June 1926 Council decided to build a bridge from Grey Street, South Brisbane. However, Gilchrist Avenue (named after EF Gilchrist City Engineer), which is on the other side of the rail line to the proposed Main Parkway Boulevard, is in essence part of the proposed traffic system for the Grey

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The bridge has cast concrete balustrades, and carefully detailed elements such as the curved ends to the concrete encased cross girders beneath the roadway, and the termination blocks for the upper portions of the arched ribs. Openings in the cross girders below the roadway, intended for a major

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The William Jolly Bridge crosses the Brisbane River at the tip of the South Brisbane peninsula between Grey Street, South Brisbane, and North Quay at the intersection of Skew and Saul Streets on the northern bank. The bridge carries four lanes of traffic with pedestrian paths to either side, and

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in the Brisbane CBD as all traffic between the suburbs on the north and south sides of the river had to pass through the CBD. The 1897 Victoria Bridge had a paved deck with bituminous surfacing on wrought iron troughing. Between 1920 and 1922 this paving was replaced by concrete, causing traffic

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tried to bring all the wharves in the South Brisbane Reach under its control and encouraged further commercial and industrial development along the river front. As finance permitted, provision of services such as gas, electricity, road sealing, water supply and an adequate system of drainage and

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A misconception at the time of construction was that the concrete encasing was decorative and was only used to hide the structural steelwork of the bridge. This was incorrect as the bridge was designed as a reinforced concrete structure, with the steelwork acting as reinforcing and the concrete

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The use of Sand Islands was highly successful and very accurate, and overcame the problem of requiring the cutting edge to be placed directly on dry ground. The material was dredged out of the centre of the caisson and the cylinder progressively sank; however it was necessary to ensure that the

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The design of the William Jolly Bridge was intended to reflect the city's importance and its civic pride. Constructed of concrete encased steel, the bridge has a monument-like quality, with grotesques and representations of oversized coursing on the main piers and voussoirs on the arched ribs.

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which are reflected in the location of the bridge and associated traffic systems. It was Brisbane's second traffic bridge and provided an important transport and communications link between both sides of the river, as well as further impetus for the development of the South Brisbane peninsula.

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was the lord mayor when the bridge was opened. Jolly had moved the motions which led to the construction of the bridge. The Greater Brisbane Act gave the council a charter which vested in the council the power to frame its own legislation and the Council proceeded with a bold policy of civic

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The bridge is constructed of concrete encased steel, with the three major spans of arched ribs rising through the deck. The roadway is partly supported by hangers from the arches which project above, and cross girders and stringers below. The ramping southern section roadway is supported by

805:"it is frankly admitted that the purely economical aspect alone has not been given as much weight... as the consideration of utility, with good taste, combined with minimum maintenance cost. ... The maintenance requirements for, and performance of, steel bridges was also noted as a concern." 1006:

Provision for a major water pipe never eventuated, and the closer spacing of stringers in the centre to support a tramway was not utilised. The decorative towers were intended to support overhead cables for the proposed tramway. The bridge originally crossed the North Quay underpass on two

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congestion. In 1922, the need for additional traffic on Victoria Bridge was identified, and the Mayor of Brisbane noted the need for cross river traffic as pressing and urgent. The Victoria Bridge structure was investigated in 1923 to determine its strength for further loading, and

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Many of the balustrades have been replaced, and prior to 1972 the complete roadway was resurfaced with asphalt. The bridge was first painted in 1974. A cream colour was chosen to reflect the approximate colour of newly poured concrete. Floodlighting was also introduced in 1974.

681:"What a terrible hiatus in the course of business alone has been caused by the collapse of Victoria Bridge. Once again, for practical purposes, the metropolis is divided into two separate towns. No bridge, no telephone, no telegraph, and vastly inadequate ferry accommodation." 1191:, and a floral-like motif at either side of the top of the four ornamental tower-like elements. These four tower-like elements frame both entrances to the bridge, surmounting the end piers of the cross-river section, and each consists of an arched opening to a projecting 826:"the time has come when some improvement in the appearance of our city bridges should be looked for in Queensland. ...The questions of utility and aesthetics should also be weighed carefully, especially in relation to a city's importance, its civic pride, and its future." 860:

was taken upstream by a rising tide and the bow was wedged under the Victoria Bridge. Tugs managed to pull it out eventually, but the rising tide could have dislodged a span of the bridge and dumped it in the river, and this was highlighted in the press at the time.

999:, the largest being 30 x 12 inches (300 mm) which were larger than Australian rolled beams at the time. The use of large sections in the southern approaches allowed longer spans thereby reducing the number of piers. The cement and aggregate was supplied by the 1127:

Originally the bridge, roadways and footpaths were illuminated by spherical glass light fittings on cast metal mountings on both sides of the arches and the decorative arches of the tower-like elements. These fittings were replaced by the present lighting in 1964.

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The extent of work included in the bridge contract excluded some retaining walls, roadways etc. on the northern side which were designed by the council. A statement was presented to the council on 14 November 1933 showing the official final cost as £688,387/12/5.

846:, roadways, approaches and contingencies. This caused dismay, and the Commissioner for Main Roads considered that the cost should be contained to £500,000 by reducing the North Quay roadworks, minimising resumptions and building a different type of bridge. 519:

in 1825 when convicts cleared the flats across the river in order to grow grain to feed the settlement. In 1830 the cultivation of the flats on the south bank was ordered to cease by the Commandant; however throughout the 1830s timber was being exported to

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An artist's impression at the time of construction shows trams crossing the bridge with overhead cables, a monument of some kind at the intersection of Skew and Saul Streets, and a different number of viaducts on southern side to those actually built.

550:. For over 30 years this was the only vehicular ferry crossing to North Brisbane (as the Brisbane CBD was then known) in this area, except for a brief period from June 1865-November 1867 when a temporary timber bridge, which was rapidly destroyed by 896:"...as far as I am concerned the idea is an original one....The idea came to me one morning about 3 o'clock. I was so much taken up with it that I got out of bed and commenced to design a scheme to carry out the piers for the Grey Street Bridge." 638:

developed into a major retail centre and thoroughfare. The spread of housing included the development of large residences located along the ridges with views of the river, and industry developed along the southern bank of the Milton Reach.

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supported on timber piles, with inclined piles to resist the thrust from the small arch. Piles were driven immediately to the south of the pier, but it became impossible to drive them into the rock and the design was changed to utilise

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The William Jolly Bridge demonstrates a high degree of technical achievement in its design, its use of Gunite (sprayed dry mix concrete), and in the development of the Sand Island method used for the construction of its river piers.

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caisson was fixed securely to rock and it was therefore essential to ensure man-access into the cylinder. This was achieved by using an air-lock system, but as the men worked under high pressure they could possibly suffer from

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on 15 June 1874 provided an important transport and communications link between the north and south banks of the river, and provided further impetus to the development of the south bank. The Victoria Bridge was funded by the

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continuous, reinforced-concrete girder spans, each 33 feet (10 m) with girders of variable depth. These have since been replaced by precast, prestressed concrete deck units above Coronation Drive, which links onto the

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The Grey Street Bridge was conceived as a bypass for motor traffic between the southern suburbs and western suburbs of Brisbane to avoid increasing traffic congestion on the Victoria Bridge and on CBD streets such as

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The selected bridge design differed from the St Paul bridge in that it has three major spans whereas the St Paul bridge only has one, and this has been suggested as possibly making the William Jolly Bridge unique.

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The bridge was designed to alleviate the traffic on the Victoria Bridge, but by as early as 1939 it was carrying 45% of the cross river traffic and was effectively doing more than it was designed to achieve.

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in 1925, and was one of the first major capital works of the new Brisbane City Council and bears the name of its first Mayor, William Jolly. At the time of construction, the only traffic bridge linking the

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in 1893, which diverted all rail traffic to South Brisbane, and the collapse of Victoria Bridge on 6 February 1893 which cut vital transport and communications links with the central city. A report in the

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in 1897 with the construction of the Helidon Spa Company's extensive works from the North Quay–River Road intersection. The residential enclave was further reduced when the Morrow-Rankin (later

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Nevertheless, Council called tenders and MR Hornibrook Ltd submitted the lowest of £384,850 and this was accepted on 8 May 1928. Work commenced in August 1928 and was completed in March 1932.

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From 2009, the bridge is being used as a canvas for artistic light shows. Two towers, five metres high, are used to project images onto the bridge. The cost of the project was $ 2,000,000.

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this feature. The problem confronting Harding Frew was not the span-t- rise ratio of the arch itself, but rather its effect on the design of the deep foundations required at the site.

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was located at the surface for repressurisation if required. The foundations for the bridge were very deep, and the experience gained in the construction of this bridge, and later the

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The William Jolly Bridge was designed by AE Harding Frew, a distinguished Brisbane engineer, and was a major work by Queensland contractors Evans Deakin and Co and MR Hornibrook Ltd.

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The design of the bridge is unusual in its use of three major spans of arched ribs which rise through the deck, which give the bridge a distinctive appearance and a landmark quality.

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The design of the bridge is unusual in its use of three major spans of arched ribs which rise through the deck, which give the bridge a distinctive appearance and a landmark quality.

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Although designed to reduce congestion on the existing Victoria Bridge and within the CBD, the bridge created new congestion issues of its own, as it put considerable pressure on the

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The original two-span overpass over North Quay, later over Coronation Drive, was replaced by the present single-span structure using precast, prestressed concrete deck units in 1988.

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lines over it and although the tracks were never installed, anchor points for tramway overhead were installed at the top of each arch. These overhead anchor points remain in situ.

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A pedestrian stair with iron balustrade is located on the southern side of Montague Road and rises through the southwestern footpath. A stair is also located within the

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on the northeastern side of the bridge connecting North Quay and Coronation Drive. This stair has a solid concrete balustrade, and is no longer accessible from below.

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An incident occurred on 17 February 1927 which highlighted the potentially disastrous situation of having only one bridge across the Brisbane River. The cargo steamer

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sanitation improved the living and working conditions in the area and generated a demand for residential accommodation and improved cross-river communication.

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longitudinal broad flange beams supported by rows of piers, with the southern end abutment being earth filled between reinforced concrete retaining walls.

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On 5 July 1955, the Council decided to rename the bridge the William Jolly Bridge, in honour of William Alfred Jolly (1881-1955). Jolly was Alderman of

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The structural steelwork including angles, plates, channels etc. was almost wholly imported from Great Britain. Broad flange beams were supplied from

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was established as the passenger terminus for suburban and country lines built during the 1880s. Industry and commerce was attracted to the area, and

47: 1911: 2083: 1057:, a distinguished Queensland artist, painted the bridge at least three times during its construction. She also painted other public works including 1806: 658:. Land and rent values plummeted to their lowest levels and hundreds of home owners applied to the council to work out their rates. A series of 746:

three experts be employed. A motion was passed on 20 May 1925 to appoint a Cross River Commission, which reported on 11 January 1926 (chairman

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The place has a special association with the life or work of a particular person, group or organisation of importance in Queensland's history.

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reported that on a typical weekday, 42000 vehicles crossed the bridge and at peak times both ends of the bridge suffered from congestion. The

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Bridge. On the south bank, aboriginal and later European pathways and land use patterns formed the basis for subsequent traffic networks.

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Street Bridge as per Earle's recommended ring road system. The existing Gilchrist Avenue's original drawings are dated 25 June 1930.

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result, when the time came to resume land in connection with the construction of the Grey Street Bridge, there was scant opposition.

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had been established on the northern bank where Skew Street is now located, (later moved to Hale Street where it became known as

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As mentioned, the depth-to-rock over much of the length of the William Jolly Bridge posed a major problem in the design of the

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from 1912 to 1925, including 5 years as Mayor. On 21 February 1925 he was elected first Mayor (later Lord Mayor) of the

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The Council called applications for a bridge engineer to design a steel or reinforced concrete bridge on 10 July 1926.

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There was great community interest in the massive public works under construction at the time. It was the era of the

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carrying a major part of the load. However, the concrete is also used in a decorative manner to represent oversized

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The Grey Street Bridge opened on 30 March 1932. The bridge was officially opened to traffic on 30 March 1932 by Sir

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The place is important in demonstrating a high degree of creative or technical achievement at a particular period.

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type of bridge, from the five under consideration, was essentially aesthetic, and was influenced by the so-called

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Urban expansion on both sides of the river continued with the opening of the new Victoria Bridge in 1897 and the

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The William Jolly Bridge is shared by vehicular traffic, pedestrians and cyclists. It connects Grey Street in

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pier on the sloping mud bank also used this method with rectangular caissons. Hornibrook is quoted as stating:

944:"The encasing of broad flange beams with concrete applied under pressure introduces new methods to Brisbane." 2037: 2027: 1816: 1206:

Northern approach to the bridge, the top of the stairs down to North Quay is visible to the left, circa 1932

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and a toll was imposed to recover costs. Eventually, responsibility for the bridge was taken over by the

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The North Quay Ferry, a row boat, crossed the river where the bridge now stands, and the River Road (now

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that were built in the river and two pylons on the river banks, which support three graceful arches. The

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and Paddington, and this contributed to the relative lack of development along the northern bank of the

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has been installed along the length of the bridge, and traffic lights are located at the northern end.

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retaining walls return at right angles to the bridge at the northern end supporting North Quay above.

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type, as it was described, was claimed to be the first of its type in Australia. It is a steel frame

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to Brisbane in 1875 isolated the strip of riverfront residences from the working-class houses in

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The first ferry to convey passengers, horses and carriages began operation from Russell Street

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The place demonstrates rare, uncommon or endangered aspects of Queensland's cultural heritage.

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On 3 October 1903, the Queensland Government gazetted the proclamation which constituted the

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occurred on 7 January 1888. The development of the civic centre focused on the Stanley and

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The William Jolly Bridge was constructed between 1928 and 1932 following the formation of

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The place is important in demonstrating the evolution or pattern of Queensland's history.

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at the tip of the South Brisbane peninsula between Grey Street, South Brisbane, and at

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The first European use of the south bank occurred soon after the establishment of the

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intersection making it one of Brisbane's most congested and dangerous intersections.

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method, for the casting of concrete pipes etc., and their firm was established in

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with an unusual concrete veneer, treated to make it appear like "light-coloured

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Oversized coursing on the bridge with a contemporary Indigenous mural, 2014

1741:"A birthday to celebrate? Go Between Bridge turns one but critics remain" 1254: 1222: 1177: 977: 906: 779: 436: 112: 100: 1305: 1192: 996: 921: 839: 697:) factory was established upstream from the Helidon Spa works in 1913. 584: 368:

pier/s (bridge), sculpture, wall/s – retaining, abutments – road bridge

1720:. Brisbane: National Library of Australia. 5 November 1935. p. 7 521: 1639:. No. 6, 337. Queensland, Australia. 8 February 1893. p. 4 1253:

The bridge has two lanes for motor traffic in each direction, and a

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Viaducts on the southern side ramping down towards Grey Street, 2014

1774:"Want a 'green' Victoria Bridge? Then remove Go Between toll: RACQ" 1692:. No. 21, 558. Queensland, Australia. 1 March 1927. p. 13 507:

at the intersection of Skew and Saul Streets on the northern bank.

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Governor John Goodwin speaking at the opening of the bridge, 1932

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In the 1880s, the south bank experienced a development boom. The

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on 8 October 2014). The geo-coordinates were computed from the

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Aerial view of the Grey Street Bridge during construction, 1931

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types, each a variation on a theme, stating in his report that:

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The place is important because of its aesthetic significance.

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Light show on the bridge, depicting the mayoral regalia, 2010

797:, was appointed Engineer for the bridge on 12 November 1926. 1011:, and in the process the footpath widths have been reduced. 576:) encouraged the spread of the settlement along the ridges. 956:

Construction of the William Jolly Bridge, Brisbane, c. 1931

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on 6 August 1996 having satisfied the following criteria.

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from the south bank. Those en route to the outstations at

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improvements, including the Grey Street Bridge, the new

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and associated rail links were established c.1885, and

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away but fortunately the steelwork remained in place.

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In 2003 the bridge was a location for the filming of

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This Knowledge (XXG) article incorporates text from

1241:. It was constructed with the intention of building 1662:. Brisbane: W.D. Incorporated Pty Ltd. p. 26. 1030:

Crowds gathered for the opening of the bridge, 1932

834:The council resumed large areas of land bounded by 372: 364: 356: 348: 340: 332: 324: 315: 301: 293: 285: 248: 236: 202: 186: 168: 160: 155: 147: 139: 128: 123: 111: 96: 86: 78: 39: 23: 968:, and were centrifugally cast in their factory at 82:4 lanes of vehicular traffic, two pedestrian paths 1211:water pipe which was not installed, are evident. 228:Location of William Jolly Bridge in Queensland 1950: 1840:"Brisbane bridge to get permanent light show" 8: 1111:for six years until his retirement in 1931. 1042:, just eleven days after the opening of the 220: 1658:Longhurst, Robert; William Douglas (1997). 1195:with a stepped crown surmounted by a metal 1124:, the tramways, water supply and sewerage. 718:Sydney to South Brisbane interstate railway 650:intersection, with the construction of the 1957: 1943: 1935: 1700:– via National Library of Australia. 1647:– via National Library of Australia. 1237:to Roma Street on the western edge of the 677:on 8 February 1893 described the event as: 458:When opened, during the worst year of the 199: 20: 1899:"Queensland heritage register boundaries" 1091:, after whom the bridge was named in 1955 984:, which decorate the bridge, was made by 470:of Greater Brisbane. It was added to the 1600: 1598: 1596: 1594: 1592: 328:William Jolly Bridge, Grey Street Bridge 1910:licence (accessed on 5 September 2014, 1660:The Brisbane River: A pictorial history 1569:Looking up looking back at old Brisbane 1567:Readshaw, Grahame; Ronald Wood (1987). 1411: 1320:William Jolly Bridge was listed on the 1575:: Boolarong Publications. p. 52. 1562: 1560: 1531: 1529: 1527: 1525: 1523: 1521: 1519: 1517: 1515: 1513: 1511: 1509: 1507: 1505: 1503: 1501: 1499: 1497: 1495: 1493: 1491: 1489: 1487: 1485: 1483: 1481: 1479: 1477: 1475: 1473: 1471: 1469: 1467: 1465: 1463: 1461: 1459: 1457: 1455: 1453: 1451: 1449: 1447: 1445: 1443: 1441: 1439: 1437: 1435: 197:Historic site in Queensland, Australia 1805:Alderman, Kellie (15 December 2007). 1537:"William Jolly Bridge (entry 601694)" 1433: 1431: 1429: 1427: 1425: 1423: 1421: 1419: 1417: 1415: 371: 363: 355: 347: 339: 331: 323: 314: 7: 916:The steelwork was fabricated at the 660:floods of the Brisbane River in 1893 626:was opened in 1881, coal wharves at 435:The style of the bridge's design is 1807:"Casting director faces the camera" 2119:Brisbane central business district 1892:licence (accessed on 7 July 2014, 1881:"The Queensland heritage register" 1239:Brisbane central business district 1183:Other decorative features include 1001:Queensland Cement and Lime Company 750:, Professor of Engineering at the 603:of the river in subsequent years. 489:Brisbane central business district 410:Brisbane central business district 14: 988:, daughter of the State Manager, 972:. The Hume brothers invented the 564:, site now partially occupied by 2124:1932 establishments in Australia 1873: 1852:from the original on 17 May 2017 1786:from the original on 17 May 2017 1772:Atfield, Cameron (17 May 2017). 1753:from the original on 17 May 2017 1384: 1061:, the State Government Offices ( 662:resulted in the collapse of the 424:, Australia. It was designed by 219: 212: 31: 2084:Bridges over the Brisbane River 1966:Bridges over the Brisbane River 1400:Bridges over the Brisbane River 1287:Bridge lightshow "Pixels", 2010 428:and built from 1928 to 1932 by 18:Bridge in Queensland, Australia 1053:and massive public works, and 876:. The original design had the 712:In the immediate period after 632:South Brisbane railway station 558:Brisbane's first burial ground 1: 1545:. Queensland Heritage Council 931:The steelwork was encased in 544: 151:Three main arches of 72m each 2104:Queensland Heritage Register 1542:Queensland Heritage Register 1322:Queensland Heritage Register 1257:on each side of the bridge. 517:Moreton Bay penal settlement 472:Queensland Heritage Register 318:Queensland Heritage Register 289:1919–1930s (interwar period) 1978:Sir Leo Hielscher (Gateway) 1739:Moore, Tony (6 July 2011). 980:in 1910. The mould for the 706:South Brisbane City Council 644:South Brisbane municipality 2140: 2109:South Brisbane, Queensland 2099:Road bridges in Queensland 2094:Steel bridges in Australia 1838:Moore, Tony (7 May 2009). 1607:Living History of Brisbane 1187:to the outer face of some 918:Evans Deakin & Company 814:, carrying Robert Street, 613:Brisbane Municipal Council 2089:Arch bridges in Australia 2079:Bridges completed in 1932 1973: 1216:North Quay retaining wall 691:North Quay ferry terminal 656:collapse of banks in 1893 642:The establishment of the 386: 382: 311: 242:Brisbane City, Queensland 207: 191: 30: 1968:(downstream to upstream) 1109:Greater Brisbane Council 793:, a local but prominent 774:, the City Planner, and 752:University of Queensland 687:advent of electric trams 652:South Brisbane Town Hall 1712:"BRISBANE DANGER SPOTS" 1067:Central railway station 844:compulsory acquisitions 624:South Brisbane dry dock 587:. The extension on the 63:27.46845°S 153.015491°E 1309: 1288: 1207: 1176:on the main piers and 1168: 1152: 1100: 1092: 1040:Governor of Queensland 1031: 1023: 957: 946: 898: 869: 828: 807: 776:Eneas Fraser Gilchrist 702:City of South Brisbane 683: 540:to the town were set. 365:Significant components 336:state heritage (built) 174:; 92 years ago 2043:Indooroopilly Railway 1914:on 15 October 2014). 1605:Hogan, Janet (1982). 1303: 1286: 1269:Brisbane City Council 1205: 1166: 1150: 1098: 1087: 1063:Anzac Square Building 1044:Sydney Harbour Bridge 1029: 1021: 955: 942: 894: 867: 824: 803: 679: 617:Queensland Government 554:, spanned the river. 396:is a heritage-listed 360:1920s, 1930s (fabric) 68:-27.46845; 153.015491 1924:William Jolly Bridge 1689:The Brisbane Courier 1684:"GREY-STREET BRIDGE" 1180:on the arched ribs. 1105:Windsor Town Council 1009:Riverside Expressway 949:the bridge roadway. 760:Ronald Martin Wilson 394:William Jolly Bridge 270:27.4694°S 153.0159°E 203:William Jolly Bridge 25:William Jolly Bridge 2114:History of Brisbane 2074:Bridges in Brisbane 1904:State of Queensland 1886:State of Queensland 1819:on 8 September 2012 1113:John William Greene 974:centrifugal casting 883:reinforced concrete 812:Rainbow Arch Bridge 756:William Muir Nelson 606:The opening of the 562:Paddington Cemetery 412:and Grey Street in 266: / 59: / 1631:"Brisbane Divided" 1310: 1304:Bridge lightshow " 1294:Inspector Gadget 2 1289: 1279:In popular culture 1208: 1169: 1153: 1118:Brisbane City Hall 1101: 1093: 1032: 1024: 958: 870: 816:St Paul, Minnesota 772:William John Earle 735:traffic congestion 664:Albert rail bridge 536:crossed the area. 474:on 6 August 1996. 357:Significant period 349:Reference no. 275:-27.4694; 153.0159 172:30 March 1932 2061: 2060: 1902:published by the 1884:published by the 1392:Queensland portal 1273:Go Between Bridge 1262:Normanby Fiveways 966:Hume Pipe Company 964:were made by the 820:Mississippi River 740:Walter James Doak 695:Arnott's Biscuits 589:Main Line railway 390: 389: 195: 194: 161:Construction cost 2131: 2028:Eleanor Schonell 1959: 1952: 1945: 1936: 1877: 1862: 1861: 1859: 1857: 1835: 1829: 1828: 1826: 1824: 1815:. Archived from 1812:The Courier Mail 1802: 1796: 1795: 1793: 1791: 1769: 1763: 1762: 1760: 1758: 1736: 1730: 1729: 1727: 1725: 1717:The Courier-Mail 1708: 1702: 1701: 1699: 1697: 1680: 1674: 1673: 1655: 1649: 1648: 1646: 1644: 1627: 1621: 1620: 1602: 1587: 1586: 1564: 1555: 1554: 1552: 1550: 1533: 1394: 1389: 1388: 1387: 1316:Heritage listing 1051:Great Depression 937:plaster of paris 905:and an hospital 766:. A crossing at 704:. From 1908 the 581:Coronation Drive 549: 546: 484:Greater Brisbane 460:Great Depression 418:City of Brisbane 281: 280: 278: 277: 276: 271: 267: 264: 263: 262: 259: 223: 222: 216: 200: 182: 180: 175: 74: 73: 71: 70: 69: 64: 60: 57: 56: 55: 52: 35: 21: 2139: 2138: 2134: 2133: 2132: 2130: 2129: 2128: 2064: 2063: 2062: 2057: 1969: 1963: 1920: 1871: 1866: 1865: 1855: 1853: 1837: 1836: 1832: 1822: 1820: 1804: 1803: 1799: 1789: 1787: 1771: 1770: 1766: 1756: 1754: 1738: 1737: 1733: 1723: 1721: 1710: 1709: 1705: 1695: 1693: 1682: 1681: 1677: 1670: 1657: 1656: 1652: 1642: 1640: 1629: 1628: 1624: 1617: 1604: 1603: 1590: 1583: 1566: 1565: 1558: 1548: 1546: 1535: 1534: 1413: 1408: 1390: 1385: 1383: 1380: 1318: 1281: 1251: 1231: 1141: 608:Victoria Bridge 566:Suncorp Stadium 547: 497:Victoria Bridge 495:was the second 480: 320: 274: 272: 268: 265: 260: 257: 255: 253: 252: 232: 231: 230: 229: 226: 225: 224: 198: 178: 176: 173: 124:Characteristics 67: 65: 61: 58: 53: 50: 48: 46: 45: 26: 19: 12: 11: 5: 2137: 2135: 2127: 2126: 2121: 2116: 2111: 2106: 2101: 2096: 2091: 2086: 2081: 2076: 2066: 2065: 2059: 2058: 2056: 2055: 2050: 2045: 2040: 2035: 2030: 2025: 2020: 2015: 2010: 2005: 2000: 1998:Neville Bonner 1995: 1990: 1985: 1980: 1974: 1971: 1970: 1964: 1962: 1961: 1954: 1947: 1939: 1933: 1932: 1919: 1918:External links 1916: 1870: 1867: 1864: 1863: 1845:Brisbane Times 1830: 1797: 1779:Brisbane Times 1764: 1746:Brisbane Times 1731: 1703: 1675: 1668: 1650: 1622: 1615: 1588: 1581: 1556: 1410: 1409: 1407: 1404: 1403: 1402: 1396: 1395: 1379: 1376: 1317: 1314: 1280: 1277: 1250: 1247: 1235:South Brisbane 1230: 1227: 1140: 1137: 795:civil engineer 768:Kangaroo Point 648:Vulture Street 636:Stanley Street 570:Petrie Terrace 530:Limestone Hill 526:Coopers Plains 501:Brisbane River 493:South Brisbane 479: 476: 414:South Brisbane 402:Brisbane River 388: 387: 384: 383: 380: 379: 374: 370: 369: 366: 362: 361: 358: 354: 353: 350: 346: 345: 342: 338: 337: 334: 330: 329: 326: 322: 321: 316: 313: 312: 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1801: 1798: 1785: 1781: 1780: 1775: 1768: 1765: 1752: 1748: 1747: 1742: 1735: 1732: 1719: 1718: 1713: 1707: 1704: 1691: 1690: 1685: 1679: 1676: 1671: 1669:0-646-34472-2 1665: 1661: 1654: 1651: 1638: 1637: 1636:The Telegraph 1632: 1626: 1623: 1618: 1616:0-908175-41-8 1612: 1608: 1601: 1599: 1597: 1595: 1593: 1589: 1584: 1582:0-86439-032-7 1578: 1574: 1570: 1563: 1561: 1557: 1544: 1543: 1538: 1532: 1530: 1528: 1526: 1524: 1522: 1520: 1518: 1516: 1514: 1512: 1510: 1508: 1506: 1504: 1502: 1500: 1498: 1496: 1494: 1492: 1490: 1488: 1486: 1484: 1482: 1480: 1478: 1476: 1474: 1472: 1470: 1468: 1466: 1464: 1462: 1460: 1458: 1456: 1454: 1452: 1450: 1448: 1446: 1444: 1442: 1440: 1438: 1436: 1434: 1432: 1430: 1428: 1426: 1424: 1422: 1420: 1418: 1416: 1412: 1405: 1401: 1398: 1397: 1393: 1382: 1377: 1375: 1372: 1371: 1367: 1363: 1362: 1358: 1355: 1351: 1350: 1346: 1343: 1342: 1338: 1334: 1330: 1329: 1325: 1323: 1315: 1313: 1307: 1302: 1298: 1296: 1295: 1285: 1278: 1276: 1274: 1270: 1267:By 2006, the 1265: 1263: 1258: 1256: 1248: 1246: 1244: 1240: 1236: 1228: 1226: 1224: 1219: 1217: 1212: 1204: 1200: 1198: 1194: 1190: 1186: 1181: 1179: 1175: 1165: 1161: 1157: 1149: 1145: 1138: 1136: 1133: 1129: 1125: 1123: 1119: 1114: 1110: 1106: 1097: 1090: 1089:William Jolly 1086: 1082: 1078: 1074: 1072: 1068: 1064: 1060: 1056: 1052: 1047: 1045: 1041: 1037: 1028: 1020: 1016: 1012: 1010: 1004: 1002: 998: 993: 991: 987: 983: 979: 975: 971: 967: 963: 960:The concrete 954: 950: 945: 941: 938: 934: 929: 927: 923: 919: 914: 912: 908: 904: 897: 893: 889: 887: 884: 879: 875: 866: 862: 859: 854: 850: 847: 845: 841: 837: 832: 827: 823: 821: 817: 813: 806: 802: 798: 796: 792: 787: 783: 781: 777: 773: 769: 765: 764:George Street 761: 757: 753: 749: 743: 741: 736: 730: 728: 727:George Street 722: 719: 715: 710: 707: 703: 698: 696: 692: 688: 682: 678: 676: 675: 669: 668:Indooroopilly 665: 661: 657: 653: 649: 645: 640: 637: 633: 629: 628:Woolloongabba 625: 620: 618: 614: 609: 604: 602: 598: 594: 590: 586: 582: 577: 575: 571: 567: 563: 559: 555: 553: 541: 537: 535: 531: 527: 523: 518: 512: 508: 506: 502: 498: 494: 490: 485: 477: 475: 473: 469: 465: 464:William Jolly 461: 456: 454: 450: 446: 442: 438: 433: 431: 430:MR Hornibrook 427: 423: 419: 415: 411: 407: 403: 399: 395: 385: 381: 378: 377:MR Hornibrook 375: 367: 359: 351: 344:6 August 1996 343: 335: 327: 325:Official name 319: 310: 307: 304: 300: 296: 292: 288: 286:Design period 284: 279: 251: 247: 243: 240:Grey Street, 239: 235: 215: 206: 201: 190: 185: 171: 167: 163: 159: 154: 150: 146: 142: 138: 135: 131: 127: 122: 119: 118:William Jolly 116: 114: 110: 106: 102: 99: 95: 92: 89: 85: 81: 77: 72: 44: 42: 38: 34: 29: 22: 16: 2012: 1988:Captain Cook 1927: 1908:CC-BY 3.0 AU 1898: 1890:CC-BY 3.0 AU 1880: 1872: 1854:. 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