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2579:?' After all, on its first turn a pawn may moves two squares forward, but it is not obliged to do so! I had given credit to Rossolimo for the idea as together we worked briefly on the strategies. But basically I am the author and the only one who has been brave enough to play the 'thing!' I also did about 95% of the homework or analysis. Grandmaster
169:, in an apartment with his parents and two other families. "Bill recalls that his family had financial problems when he was young. His parents both worked and they all shared an apartment with his grandmother, an aunt and a cousin, until his second year in grammar school, when they moved to their own apartment." Shortly after
2620:"Fischer lodged a formal protest less than six hours after the forfeiture. It was overruled by the match committee. Everyone knew that Fischer wouldn't accept it lightly. And he didn't. His instant reaction was to make a reservation to fly home immediately. He was dissuaded by Lombardy." Brady 2011, p. 193.
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and I did enjoy working together. We both eventually got too busy with life's chores to give much detailed time to chess analysis. But we did spend much time together developing some novelties. How often did I play my Ruy idea? Not very often. But not because I did not trust the idea, rather because
191:
He took out a marble design notebook from a brown paper bag. "Here," he said, "I'm finished with it." I thanked him for the book, put it in the bag and played chess with the man. When I got home, I looked at my book ... Back in those days, there were five or six newspapers that carried a chess
186:
boy named Eddie
Garlerter who taught Lombardy how to play chess. When Lombardy was about 10 he went to Lion's Square Den Park to play stronger chess players. It was there that a kind, old, Jewish man gave Lombardy a booklet "that would change life." Lombardy elaborated on
192:
column. Over many, many years the old man had studiously pasted some two thousand of those chess clippings into his book. I had never asked him whether he had actually played over the games in those clippings. I was about to do what he himself may not entirely have done.
334:
In 1962, Lombardy tied for second at the U.S. Open, then won the New
England Championship, and, shortly thereafter, gave a lecture at the Manhattan Chess Club in which he analyzed the game: Lombardy–Lyman, New England Championship, Haverhill, September 1962
177:
I remember the winters were very tough in that apartment. My room used to sweat from the cold. The moisture used to seep through one wall. I used to have to get extra blankets to cover me at night so I wouldn't wake up with pneumonia in the
1316:
that
Lombardy invented: 1.e4 e5 2.Nf3 Nc6 3.Bb5 a6 4.Ba4 Nf6 5.0-0 Be7 6.Re1 b5 7.Bb3 d6 8.c3 0-0 9.h3 Na5 10.Bc2 c6. Lombardy essayed the move in at least nine official tournament games, scoring three wins, two losses, and four draws:
1470:
was made aware of his plight and agreed to house him and provide long-term care even though he had left the priesthood. Lombardy accepted the offer but soon thereafter he left New York to live with a friend, Ralph
Palmieri, in
421:
for best result on first board in that event with a score of 12–1, and led the team to a
Student Team winning percentage of 78.8, the highest winning percentage in the history of the World Student Team Championships.
2575:"This is the stem position that should bear my name. i created it quite by accident. The thought was 'What would happen if Black decided to play the c-pawn only one square forward instead of to c5 as in the
141:. He won the World Junior Championship in 1957, the only person to win that tournament with a perfect score. Lombardy led the U.S. Student Team to Gold in the 1960 World Student Team Championship in
1395:
At the last minute, Fischer called upon
Lombardy to help him with the match. Although Lombardy was still a priest, he was allowed to take time off from the priesthood to go to
278:
with a perfect score of 11–0. He was the first U.S. citizen since
Steinitz to win an individual world chess title. Based on his performance, he was automatically awarded the
4132:
862:
In 1979 Lombardy equaled his earlier score at Lone Pine, tying for fifth–tenth, and winning an upset against tournament favorite (and then World Number 2 player)
28:
4117:
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reported that
Lombardy was embroiled in an eviction battle against his landlord, allegedly being several thousand dollars behind in rent. In 2016 he was
1453:
Lombardy left the priesthood in 1980. In 1982, he met a woman at a chess tournament in the
Netherlands whom he married and with whom he later had a son.
2078:"(one could hardly believe that the witty and vivacious Lombardy was preparing to be ordained a Catholic priest)." Plisetsky & Voronkov 2005, p. 26.
103:
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251:, "Bill's chess ability developed rapidly." Lombardy won the 1954 New York State Championship with a score of 9/11 (+7−0=4), and tied for first with
4127:
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In the first round of the 1957 World Junior
Championship, Lombardy defeated the Soviet representative Vladimir Selimanov in a variation of the
228:
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2593:"Fischer had not yet chosen a second; grandmaster William Lombardy took the position at the last moment." Edmonds & Eidinow 2004, p. 133.
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323:. However, Lombardy decided to retire from tournament competition and become a Roman Catholic priest. Before retiring, he lost a match to
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2069:"His decision to enter the priesthood in 1963 necessarily limited his chess ambition..." Hooper & Whyld 1992, pp. 232–33.
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2956:
Chess Results, 1978–1980 : A Comprehensive Record with 855 Tournament Crosstables and 90 Match Scores, with Sources
343:
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347:
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Chess Results, 1964–1967: A Comprehensive Record with 1,204 Tournament Crosstables and 158 Match Scores, with Sources
2842:
Chess Results, 1956–1960: A Comprehensive Record With 1,390 Tournament Crosstables and 142 Match Scores, With Sources
859:. This was perhaps the first camp of its type in the United States and attracted juniors from all over the country.
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3715:
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Chess Results, 1975–1977: A Comprehensive Record with 872 Tournament Crosstables and 147 Match Scores, with Sources
2918:
Chess Results, 1971–1974: A Comprehensive Record with 966 Tournament Crosstables and 148 Match Scores, with Sources
2899:
Chess Results, 1968–1970: A Comprehensive Record with 854 Tournament Crosstables and 161 Match Scores, with Sources
2861:
Chess Results, 1961–1963: A Comprehensive Record with 938 Tournament Crosstables and 108 Match Scores, with Sources
2221:"With three wins and 8 draws (out of 11 rounds) I shared third behind Smyslov and Portisch." Lombardy 2011, p. 197.
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by the score of 3½–2½, and, in the same year, played second board for the World Student Team Championship in
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2797:
Endgame: Bobby Fischer's Remarkable Rise and Fall – from America's Brightest Prodigy to the Edge of Madness
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until several years later (at the age of 14), when he started to get serious about his chess playing.
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133:. He was one of the leading American chess players during the 1950s and 1960s, and a contemporary of
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3177:
NY Chess Since 1972: A Guide Book Of Places To Go And People You Will See Around NY Chess (Volume 1)
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His seven times representing the USA at the World Student Team Championship is an American record.
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Lombardy played first board for the U.S. Team that won the 1960 World Student Team Championship in
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In 1978 and 1979, Lombardy served as the lead instructor at an "all day", week-long chess camp at
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by the score of 5½–4½. At the 1961 Zurich Chess Tournament, Lombardy tied for fourth place with
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Bobby Fischer Goes to War: How the Soviets Lost the Most Extraordinary Chess Match of All Time
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In 1974, Lombardy tied for second in The USA Open Championship, with 9½/12, going undefeated.
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Lombardy finished second in the 1960–61 U.S. Championship behind Bobby Fischer and ahead of
260:
216:
173:, Lombardy and his family moved to 961 Faile Street. Lombardy recalled of his new apartment:
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1846:, September 5, 1957, p. 3. Also available on DVD (p. 139 in "Chess Life 1957" PDF file").
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Chess Champion Bronxite, Enters Jesuit Novitiate, The Catholic News, August 20, 1960
1510:
Snatched Opportunities on the Chessboard: Quick Victories in 200 Recent Master Games
196:
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in a star-studded field. With this result, Lombardy qualified to compete in the
2467:
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905:
In November 2011 Lombardy self-published his autobiographical game collection:
292:
In 1959, he took first place in the U.S. Log Cabin Invitational, scoring 7/10.
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902:, where he focused on his writing and offered chess lessons by appointment.
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386:, scoring 7/11. In the same year, Lombardy tied for second with Benko and
200:
Bill Lombardy and Bobby Fischer analyzing, with Jack Collins watching them
1466:
and left homeless, living on the subways and in various chess clubs. The
842:
3253:
2752:"William Lombardy's exceptional performance in 1960 is often overlooked"
2656:"'Father Bill' Lombardy, Bobby Fischer's Great Contemporary, dies at 79"
1463:
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873:
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Lombardy tied for first with Pal Benko in The USA Open Championship in
447:
In total, Lombardy won three individual gold medals, between the Men's
391:
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275:
264:
2714:"Grandmaster, Priest, Fischer Coach William Lombardy (1937-2017) Dies"
224:
436:
In 1976, Lombardy was on the U.S. team that won a gold medal at the
16:
American chess grandmaster, teacher, and Catholic priest (1937–2017)
1628:
6e Interpolis schaaktoernooi 1982 (6th Interpolis Chess Tournament)
1571:
Chess for Children, Step by Step: A New, Easy Way to Learn the Game
429:
Lombardy (seated) and Fischer at the 14th Chess Olympiad in Leipzig
353:
In 1965, Lombardy tied with Byrne for first at the Western Open in
3071:
International Championship Chess: A Complete Record of FIDE Events
2733:"Chess, the church and the Cold War: The life of Fr Bill Lombardy"
2521:
2519:
441:
424:
195:
162:
1302:
2312:"Lombardy, William James, World Student Team Chess Championship"
407:
3257:
2506:"The Strange Tale of the Chess Grandmaster Who Became a Priest"
1861:"William Lombardy, Chess Grandmaster Turned Priest, Dies at 79"
1777:"An End to a Chess Grandmaster's Eviction Battle Could be Near"
1527:
Daniels, David; Koltanowski, George; Lombardy, William (1975).
375:
Lombardy was ordained as a Roman Catholic priest in June 1967.
2584:
in general I had no time to play chess." Lombardy 2011, p. 67.
1372:
Fischer was scheduled to play a match against Spassky for the
2250:"United States (USA) World Student Team Chess Championships"
1888:
1886:
1529:
US Championship Chess, with the Games of the 1973 Tournament
451:
and the World Student Team Tournament (Under 26-Years-Old):
182:
It was at his new home that Lombardy became friends with an
125:(December 4, 1937 – October 13, 2017) was an American chess
2383:"United States (USA) World Student Team Chess Championship"
1751:"7th World Student Team Chess Championship: Leningrad 1960"
368:
In 1966, Lombardy took clear first at the Southern Open in
350:, scoring 11/13. Lombardy also became U.S. Speed champion.
894:
By 2010, Lombardy was retired from chess and lived in the
1913:
1911:
1876:
1874:
2029:
2027:
2025:
1970:
1968:
1828:
1826:
372:, and tied with Ivkov for second at the Canadian Open.
270:
In 1957, Lombardy became the first American to win the
1411:
On September 16, 2015, the American biographical film
289:
and went "undefeated in second place", scoring 11/15.
259:. He then played and lost a match versus grandmaster
2674:"Fischer second Lombardy faces eviction | ChessBase"
848:
Lombardy tied for fifth–sixth place with 6/9 in The
3935:
3799:
3648:
3532:
3431:
3380:
3354:
3303:
3175:Sloan, Peter Julius Aravena; Aravena, Anda (2012).
112:
102:
91:
74:
54:
46:
38:
21:
3153:
1547:
3090:Understanding Chess: My System, My Games, My Life
1894:"World Renowned Chess Grandmaster to Visit UConn"
1637:Understanding Chess: My System, My Games, My Life
907:Understanding Chess: My System, My Games, My Life
2290:"Lombardy, William James, Men's Chess Olympiads"
934:
1626:Lombardy, William; Verhoeven, R. G. P. (1983).
3294:Chess players for the United States with the
3269:
3024:The Rating of Chess Players, Past and Present
2554:"Neskaupstad 1984 - 365Chess.com Tournaments"
1770:
1768:
1368:1972 Spassky–Fischer World Championship Match
1362:Hjartarson–Lombardy, Neskaupstadur 1984 (½–½)
267:, Sweden, going undefeated, and scoring 7/9.
161:mother. Lombardy grew up at 838 Beck Street,
8:
3107:Plisetsky, Dmitry; Voronkov, Sergey (2005).
869:In 1980, Lombardy renounced the priesthood.
319:for the right to advance to a match for the
2334:"United States (USA) Men's Chess Olympiads"
1896:. University of Connecticut. April 28, 2010
3276:
3262:
3254:
2781:(1st ed.). David McKay. OCLC 2574422.
1854:
1852:
1546:Daniels, David; Lombardy, William (1975).
1376:. However, Fischer had a falling out with
27:
18:
3054:(2nd ed.). Oxford University Press.
2790:(2nd ed.). David McKay. OCLC 724113.
2649:
2647:
1347:Ostojic–Lombardy, Wijk aan Zee 1969 (0–1)
417:in their individual game. Lombardy won a
2499:
2497:
2495:
2493:
1859:McClain, Dylan Loeb (October 14, 2017).
1479:at Palmieri's home on October 13, 2017.
637:
455:
204:Lombardy did not become a member of the
4133:People from the East Village, Manhattan
3224:William J. Lombardy rating card at FIDE
2687:Peterson, Macaulay (October 14, 2017).
2468:"FIDE Rating List :: January 1979"
2270:olimpbase.org, the U.S.A. results files
1660:
1327:Olafsson–Lombardy, Reykjavik 1957 (½–½)
1175:
1168:
1133:
1105:
1070:
1063:
1014:
986:
883:In 1984, Lombardy took second place in
872:In 1982, Lombardy took "equal first in
378:In 1969, Lombardy tied for second with
215:for three years, Lombardy received his
2504:Di Camillo, Kevin (January 15, 2018).
1322:Selimanov–Lombardy, Toronto 1957 (0–1)
1182:
993:
1357:Parma–Lombardy, Banja Luka 1976 (½–½)
1196:
1189:
1161:
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1140:
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1112:
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1084:
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1056:
1049:
1042:
1035:
1028:
1021:
1007:
1000:
979:
970:
295:In 1960, he was awarded the title of
7:
3236:FIDE rating history at OlimpBase.org
3201:(2nd ed.). St. Martin's Press.
2654:Sands, David R. (October 17, 2017).
1775:Chaban, Matt A. V. (14 March 2016).
1337:Unzicker–Lombardy, Munich 1958 (½–½)
1332:Gligoric–Lombardy, Munich 1958 (1–0)
129:, chess writer, teacher, and former
4118:American writers of Italian descent
3298:of grandmaster (GM) by title decade
2982:. International Chess Enterprises.
2750:Barden, Leonard (20 October 2017).
2731:Hannigan, Dave (October 18, 2017).
1352:Peters–Lombardy, Oberlin 1975 (1–0)
829:U.S. Military Academy at West Point
229:Saint Joseph's Seminary (Dunwoodie)
3132:A Psychobiography of Bobby Fischer
1740:Edmonds & Eidinow 2004, p. 43.
1384:in his successful matches against
14:
4123:American people of Polish descent
4093:American male non-fiction writers
2525:Hooper & Whyld 1992, p. 233.
2185:Hooper & Whyld 1992, p. 232.
2001:Sunnucks 1970, pp. 239, and 538.
1700:"GM William Lombardy, 1937-2017"
1342:Ader–Lombardy, Bogota 1958 (0–1)
1195:
1188:
1181:
1174:
1167:
1160:
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1027:
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1006:
999:
992:
985:
978:
972:
361:at the USA Open Championship in
257:Canadian Open Chess Championship
33:William Lombardy (Leipzig, 1960)
4128:Catholics from New York (state)
4113:Laicized Roman Catholic priests
4078:American Roman Catholic priests
4073:City College of New York alumni
4027:Category:American chess players
2142:Lardner, Rex (August 3, 1964).
272:World Junior Chess Championship
3130:Ponterotto, Joseph G. (2012).
357:, and shared first place with
137:, whom he seconded during the
1:
3051:The Oxford Companion to Chess
2633:. The Internet Movie Database
1592:(2nd ed.). David McKay.
1493:(1st ed.). David McKay.
1374:World Chess Championship 1972
139:World Chess Championship 1972
123:William James Joseph Lombardy
42:William James Joseph Lombardy
4098:World Junior Chess Champions
4083:American non-fiction writers
3249:Bill Lombardy - by Bill Wall
3242:player profile and games at
344:U.S. Open Chess Championship
2487:Lombardy, 2011, pp. 260–63.
410:. Lombardy defeated future
274:. He won the tournament in
4149:
4068:Chess Olympiad competitors
4022:List of chess grandmasters
3230: (archived 2017-01-21)
3199:The Encyclopaedia of Chess
3088:Lombardy, William (2011).
2510:National Catholic Register
2123:Lombardy 2011, pp. 141–42.
1811:Collins 1974, pp. 129–130.
1635:Lombardy, William (2011).
1607:Lombardy, William (1978).
1590:Modern Chess Opening Traps
1588:Lombardy, William (1978).
1569:Lombardy, William (1977).
1508:Lombardy, William (1973).
1491:Modern Chess Opening Traps
1489:Lombardy, William (1972).
921:
342:In 1963, Lombardy won the
303:Semi-retirement from chess
285:In 1958, he played in the
4016:
3292:
2979:The Unknown Bobby Fischer
2976:; Tangborn, Eric (1999).
2954:Di Felice, Gino (2014c).
2935:Di Felice, Gino (2014b).
2916:Di Felice, Gino (2014a).
2897:Di Felice, Gino (2013c).
2878:Di Felice, Gino (2013b).
2859:Di Felice, Gino (2013a).
1820:Lombardy 2011, pp. 12–13.
1609:Guide to Tournament Chess
1573:. Little Brown & Co.
1475:. He died of a suspected
1380:, who had been Fischer's
857:Michigan State University
823:In 1971, Lombardy gave a
315:tournament to be held in
297:International Grandmaster
26:
3000:; Eidinow, John (2004).
2840:Di Felice, Gino (2010).
2823:My Seven Chess Prodigies
2536:"Lombardy William James"
2457:Di Felice 2014c, p. 162.
2448:Di Felice 2014b, p. 289.
2430:Di Felice 2014a, p. 335.
2412:Di Felice 2013a, p. 128.
2230:Di Felice 2013c, p. 181.
2212:Di Felice 2013c, p. 178.
2203:Di Felice 2013b, p. 260.
2194:Di Felice 2013b, p. 229.
2176:Di Felice 2013b, p. 176.
2167:Di Felice 2013b, p. 178.
2132:Di Felice 2013a, p. 301.
2114:Di Felice 2013a, p. 200.
2105:Di Felice 2013a, p. 214.
2096:Di Felice 2013a, p. 124.
2087:Di Felice 2013a, p. 242.
928:to describe chess moves.
287:Mar del Plata tournament
213:City College of New York
153:Lombardy was born to an
3109:Russians versus Fischer
3092:. Russell Enterprises.
2602:Schonberg 1973, p. 283.
2439:Di Felice 2014b, p. 38.
2421:Lombardy, 2011, p. 152.
2403:Di Felice 2010, p. 490.
2363:Di Felice 2010, p. 485.
2354:Di Felice 2010, p. 282.
2042:Di Felice 2010, p. 369.
1722:Kažić 1974, pp. 273–74.
1639:. Russell Enterprises.
1468:Archdiocese of New York
1417:was released, starring
825:simultaneous exhibition
4088:American chess writers
4058:American chess players
2825:. Simon and Schuster.
2279:Lombardy 2011, p. 240.
2239:Lombardy 2011, p. 116.
2060:Di Felice 2013a, p. 4.
2051:Sunnucks 1970, p. 512.
2019:Sunnucks 1970, p. 473.
1992:Sunnucks 1970, p. 292.
1962:Di Felice 2010, p. 46.
1935:Lombardy 2011, p. 157.
1917:Lombardy 2011, p. 149.
1880:Lombardy 2011, p. 150.
1678:"Lombardy, William J."
913:Contributions to chess
430:
382:, going undefeated at
237:Saint Louis University
233:educational psychology
201:
194:
180:
4103:People from the Bronx
3156:Grandmasters of Chess
3134:. Charles C. Thomas.
3069:Kažić, B. M. (1974).
2795:Brady, Frank (2011).
2786:Brady, Frank (1973).
2566:Lombardy 2011, p. 86.
2033:Collins 1974, p. 127.
2010:Lombardy 2011, p. 85.
1983:Lombardy 2011, p. 67.
1974:Lombardy 2011, p. 54.
1953:Collins 1974, p. 141.
1944:Collins 1974, p. 136.
1832:Lombardy 2011, p. 14.
1802:Collins 1974, p. 129.
1793:Lombardy 2011, p. 11.
1731:Lombardy 2011, p. 66.
1449:Later years and death
428:
199:
189:
175:
116:No. 46 (January 1978)
3160:. J. B. Lippincott.
3150:Schonberg, Harold C.
2788:Profile of a Prodigy
2779:Profile of a Prodigy
2660:The Washington Times
1473:Martinez, California
280:International Master
211:After attending the
85:Martinez, California
3234:William J. Lombardy
2718:US Chess Federation
2689:"RIP 'Father Bill'"
2372:Brady 1973, p. 172.
827:and lecture at the
438:22nd Chess Olympiad
206:Marshall Chess Club
108:2540 (January 1978)
4063:Chess Grandmasters
2720:. 14 October 2017.
2611:Brady 2011, p. 98.
2581:Nicholas Rossolimo
2148:Sports Illustrated
1865:The New York Times
1781:The New York Times
1459:The New York Times
926:algebraic notation
924:This section uses
647:Individual result
465:Individual result
431:
321:world championship
231:. He also studied
223:in ethics, and an
219:in philosophy, an
202:
4035:
4034:
3208:978-0-7091-4697-1
3186:978-1-460961-41-4
3141:978-0-398-08742-5
3099:978-1-936490-22-6
3011:978-0-06-051025-1
3004:. HarperCollins.
2965:978-1-476-61893-7
2946:978-1-476-61892-0
2927:978-1-476-61891-3
2908:978-0-786-47574-2
2889:978-0-786-47573-5
2870:978-0-786-47572-8
2851:978-0-786-44803-6
2810:978-0-307-46390-6
2385:. olimpbase. 2015
2336:. olimpbase. 2015
2314:. olimpbase. 2015
2292:. olimpbase. 2015
2252:. olimpbase. 2015
1667:Elo 1978, p. 183.
1646:978-1-93649-022-6
1294:
1293:
814:
813:
653:U.S. team result
641:Student Team U26
632:
631:
612:Buenos Aires 1978
471:U.S. team result
398:Team competitions
331:, scoring 6½/11.
329:Svetozar Gligorić
309:Raymond Weinstein
120:
119:
113:Peak ranking
4140:
3403:Dzindzichashvili
3278:
3271:
3264:
3255:
3240:William Lombardy
3212:
3190:
3171:
3159:
3145:
3126:
3111:(2nd ed.).
3103:
3084:
3065:
3037:
3015:
2993:
2969:
2950:
2931:
2912:
2893:
2874:
2855:
2836:
2819:Collins, John W.
2814:
2799:(1st ed.).
2791:
2782:
2760:
2759:
2747:
2741:
2740:
2728:
2722:
2721:
2710:
2704:
2703:
2701:
2699:
2684:
2678:
2677:
2676:. 16 March 2016.
2670:
2664:
2663:
2651:
2642:
2641:
2639:
2638:
2631:"Pawn Sacrifice"
2627:
2621:
2618:
2612:
2609:
2603:
2600:
2594:
2591:
2585:
2577:Chigorin Defense
2573:
2567:
2564:
2558:
2557:
2550:
2544:
2543:
2538:. Archived from
2532:
2526:
2523:
2514:
2513:
2501:
2488:
2485:
2479:
2478:
2476:
2475:
2464:
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2240:
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2210:
2204:
2201:
2195:
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2177:
2174:
2168:
2165:
2159:
2158:
2156:
2154:
2139:
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2106:
2103:
2097:
2094:
2088:
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2079:
2076:
2070:
2067:
2061:
2058:
2052:
2049:
2043:
2040:
2034:
2031:
2020:
2017:
2011:
2008:
2002:
1999:
1993:
1990:
1984:
1981:
1975:
1972:
1963:
1960:
1954:
1951:
1945:
1942:
1936:
1933:
1927:
1924:
1918:
1915:
1906:
1905:
1903:
1901:
1890:
1881:
1878:
1869:
1868:
1856:
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1839:
1833:
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1821:
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1794:
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1668:
1665:
1650:
1631:
1622:
1603:
1584:
1565:
1553:
1542:
1523:
1504:
1390:Tigran Petrosian
1304:
1199:
1198:
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1185:
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1177:
1171:
1170:
1164:
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1079:
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1045:
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1038:
1037:
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1024:
1023:
1017:
1016:
1010:
1009:
1003:
1002:
996:
995:
989:
988:
982:
981:
976:
975:
935:
891:, scoring 7/11.
638:
456:
261:Samuel Reshevsky
155:Italian-American
104:Peak rating
81:
78:October 13, 2017
65:December 4, 1937
64:
62:
31:
22:William Lombardy
19:
4148:
4147:
4143:
4142:
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4137:
4038:
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4031:
4012:
3931:
3795:
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3528:
3427:
3376:
3350:
3299:
3288:
3282:
3228:Wayback Machine
3220:
3215:
3209:
3193:
3187:
3179:. CreateSpace.
3174:
3168:
3148:
3142:
3129:
3123:
3106:
3100:
3087:
3081:
3068:
3062:
3040:
3034:
3018:
3012:
2996:
2990:
2974:Donaldson, John
2972:
2966:
2953:
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2928:
2915:
2909:
2896:
2890:
2877:
2871:
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2817:
2811:
2794:
2785:
2773:
2769:
2764:
2763:
2749:
2748:
2744:
2737:The Irish Times
2730:
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2725:
2712:
2711:
2707:
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2529:
2524:
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2491:
2486:
2482:
2473:
2471:
2470:. olimpbase.com
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2198:
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2175:
2171:
2166:
2162:
2152:
2150:
2144:"Point Of Fact"
2141:
2140:
2136:
2131:
2127:
2122:
2118:
2113:
2109:
2104:
2100:
2095:
2091:
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2068:
2064:
2059:
2055:
2050:
2046:
2041:
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2018:
2014:
2009:
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1996:
1991:
1987:
1982:
1978:
1973:
1966:
1961:
1957:
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1925:
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1739:
1735:
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1726:
1721:
1717:
1708:
1706:
1697:
1696:
1692:
1683:
1681:
1676:
1675:
1671:
1666:
1662:
1657:
1647:
1634:
1625:
1619:
1611:. David McKay.
1606:
1600:
1587:
1581:
1568:
1562:
1545:
1539:
1531:. David McKay.
1526:
1520:
1507:
1501:
1488:
1485:
1456:In March 2016,
1451:
1443:Peter Sarsgaard
1409:
1370:
1310:
1309:
1308:
1306:
1201:
1200:
1193:
1186:
1179:
1172:
1165:
1158:
1151:
1144:
1137:
1130:
1123:
1116:
1109:
1102:
1095:
1088:
1081:
1074:
1067:
1060:
1053:
1046:
1039:
1032:
1025:
1018:
1011:
1004:
997:
990:
983:
973:
931:
930:
929:
920:
915:
864:Victor Korchnoi
821:
619:4/7 (Sixteenth)
487:11/17 (Seventh)
459:Men's Olympiad
449:Chess Olympiads
400:
388:Mato Damjanović
305:
245:
184:Orthodox Jewish
159:Polish-American
151:
149:Formative years
131:Catholic priest
83:
79:
66:
60:
58:
34:
17:
12:
11:
5:
4146:
4144:
4136:
4135:
4130:
4125:
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4100:
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4090:
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4032:
4030:
4029:
4024:
4017:
4014:
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4010:
4005:
4000:
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3990:
3985:
3980:
3975:
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3290:
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3283:
3281:
3280:
3273:
3266:
3258:
3252:
3251:
3246:
3244:Chessgames.com
3237:
3231:
3219:
3218:External links
3216:
3214:
3213:
3207:
3195:Sunnucks, Anne
3191:
3185:
3172:
3166:
3146:
3140:
3127:
3121:
3113:Everyman Chess
3104:
3098:
3085:
3079:
3066:
3060:
3046:Whyld, Kenneth
3038:
3032:
3016:
3010:
2998:Edmonds, David
2994:
2988:
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2705:
2679:
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2643:
2622:
2613:
2604:
2595:
2586:
2568:
2559:
2545:
2542:on 2015-09-23.
2527:
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2459:
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2405:
2396:
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1566:
1560:
1550:Chess Panorama
1543:
1537:
1524:
1518:
1505:
1499:
1484:
1481:
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1427:Liev Schreiber
1414:Pawn Sacrifice
1408:
1405:
1369:
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956:
953:
950:
947:
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938:
933:
932:
923:
922:
919:
918:Opening theory
916:
914:
911:
850:Lone Pine Open
820:
817:
816:
815:
812:
811:
808:
805:
802:
801:7½/13 (Eighth)
799:
796:
790:
789:
786:
783:
780:
777:
774:
768:
767:
764:
761:
758:
755:
752:
746:
745:
742:
739:
736:
733:
730:
728:Leningrad 1960
724:
723:
720:
717:
714:
711:
708:
702:
701:
698:
695:
692:
689:
686:
684:Reykjavik 1957
680:
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667:
664:
658:
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614:
608:
607:
604:
601:
598:
595:
592:
586:
585:
582:
579:
576:
575:11/16 (Silver)
573:
570:
564:
563:
560:
557:
554:
551:
548:
542:
541:
538:
535:
532:
531:7½/11 (Silver)
529:
526:
520:
519:
516:
513:
510:
509:11½/17 (Fifth)
507:
504:
498:
497:
494:
491:
488:
485:
482:
476:
475:
472:
469:
466:
463:
460:
412:world champion
399:
396:
380:Vlastimil Hort
304:
301:
244:
241:
150:
147:
118:
117:
114:
110:
109:
106:
100:
99:
93:
89:
88:
82:(aged 79)
76:
72:
71:
56:
52:
51:
48:
44:
43:
40:
39:Full name
36:
35:
32:
24:
23:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4145:
4134:
4131:
4129:
4126:
4124:
4121:
4119:
4116:
4114:
4111:
4109:
4108:Chess coaches
4106:
4104:
4101:
4099:
4096:
4094:
4091:
4089:
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4079:
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3999:
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3808:
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3777:
3774:
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3714:
3712:
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3654:
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3329:
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3314:
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3309:
3308:
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3297:
3291:
3287:
3279:
3274:
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3265:
3260:
3259:
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3250:
3247:
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3210:
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3200:
3196:
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3182:
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3173:
3169:
3167:4-87187-567-9
3163:
3158:
3157:
3151:
3147:
3143:
3137:
3133:
3128:
3124:
3122:1-85744-380-2
3118:
3114:
3110:
3105:
3101:
3095:
3091:
3086:
3082:
3080:0-273-07078-9
3076:
3072:
3067:
3063:
3061:0-19-280049-3
3057:
3053:
3052:
3047:
3043:
3042:Hooper, David
3039:
3035:
3033:0-923891-27-7
3029:
3025:
3021:
3017:
3013:
3007:
3003:
2999:
2995:
2991:
2989:1-879479-85-0
2985:
2981:
2980:
2975:
2971:
2967:
2961:
2958:. McFarland.
2957:
2952:
2948:
2942:
2939:. McFarland.
2938:
2933:
2929:
2923:
2920:. McFarland.
2919:
2914:
2910:
2904:
2901:. McFarland.
2900:
2895:
2891:
2885:
2882:. McFarland.
2881:
2876:
2872:
2866:
2863:. McFarland.
2862:
2857:
2853:
2847:
2844:. McFarland.
2843:
2838:
2834:
2832:4-87187-962-3
2828:
2824:
2820:
2816:
2812:
2806:
2802:
2798:
2793:
2789:
2784:
2780:
2776:
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2766:
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2746:
2743:
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2648:
2644:
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2500:
2498:
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2442:
2436:
2433:
2427:
2424:
2418:
2415:
2409:
2406:
2400:
2397:
2389:September 23,
2384:
2378:
2375:
2369:
2366:
2360:
2357:
2351:
2348:
2340:September 23,
2335:
2329:
2326:
2318:September 23,
2313:
2307:
2304:
2296:September 23,
2291:
2285:
2282:
2276:
2273:
2267:
2264:
2256:September 23,
2251:
2245:
2242:
2236:
2233:
2227:
2224:
2218:
2215:
2209:
2206:
2200:
2197:
2191:
2188:
2182:
2179:
2173:
2170:
2164:
2161:
2153:September 19,
2149:
2145:
2138:
2135:
2129:
2126:
2120:
2117:
2111:
2108:
2102:
2099:
2093:
2090:
2084:
2081:
2075:
2072:
2066:
2063:
2057:
2054:
2048:
2045:
2039:
2036:
2030:
2028:
2026:
2022:
2016:
2013:
2007:
2004:
1998:
1995:
1989:
1986:
1980:
1977:
1971:
1969:
1965:
1959:
1956:
1950:
1947:
1941:
1938:
1932:
1929:
1923:
1920:
1914:
1912:
1908:
1895:
1889:
1887:
1883:
1877:
1875:
1871:
1866:
1862:
1855:
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1769:
1765:
1752:
1746:
1743:
1737:
1734:
1728:
1725:
1719:
1716:
1705:
1701:
1698:Klein, Mike.
1694:
1691:
1680:olimpbase.com
1679:
1673:
1670:
1664:
1661:
1654:
1648:
1642:
1638:
1633:
1630:. Interpolis.
1629:
1624:
1620:
1614:
1610:
1605:
1601:
1595:
1591:
1586:
1582:
1576:
1572:
1567:
1563:
1557:
1552:
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1544:
1540:
1534:
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1525:
1521:
1515:
1511:
1506:
1502:
1496:
1492:
1487:
1486:
1482:
1480:
1478:
1474:
1469:
1465:
1461:
1460:
1454:
1448:
1446:
1445:as Lombardy.
1444:
1440:
1436:
1432:
1431:Boris Spassky
1428:
1424:
1423:Bobby Fischer
1420:
1419:Tobey Maguire
1416:
1415:
1406:
1404:
1402:
1398:
1393:
1391:
1387:
1383:
1379:
1375:
1367:
1363:
1360:
1358:
1355:
1353:
1350:
1348:
1345:
1343:
1340:
1338:
1335:
1333:
1330:
1328:
1325:
1323:
1320:
1319:
1318:
1315:
1305:
1299:
1290:
1287:
1284:
1281:
1278:
1275:
1272:
1269:
1266:
1264:
1263:
1259:
1256:
1255:
1251:
1248:
1247:
1243:
1240:
1239:
1235:
1232:
1231:
1227:
1224:
1223:
1219:
1216:
1215:
1211:
1208:
1207:
1203:
967:
966:
963:
960:
957:
954:
951:
948:
945:
942:
939:
937:
936:
927:
917:
912:
910:
908:
903:
901:
900:New York City
897:
892:
890:
886:
885:Neskaupstaður
881:
879:
875:
870:
867:
865:
860:
858:
853:
851:
846:
844:
840:
835:
832:
830:
826:
818:
809:
806:
803:
800:
797:
795:
792:
791:
787:
784:
781:
779:7½/11 (Fifth)
778:
775:
773:
770:
769:
765:
762:
759:
757:9/11 (Silver)
756:
753:
751:
750:Helsinki 1961
748:
747:
743:
740:
737:
734:
731:
729:
726:
725:
721:
718:
715:
712:
709:
707:
704:
703:
699:
696:
693:
690:
687:
685:
682:
681:
677:
674:
671:
668:
665:
663:
660:
659:
655:
652:
649:
646:
643:
640:
639:
636:
635:
627:
624:
621:
618:
615:
613:
610:
609:
605:
602:
599:
596:
593:
591:
588:
587:
583:
580:
577:
574:
571:
569:
566:
565:
561:
558:
555:
552:
549:
547:
544:
543:
539:
536:
533:
530:
527:
525:
522:
521:
517:
514:
511:
508:
505:
503:
500:
499:
495:
492:
489:
486:
483:
481:
478:
477:
473:
470:
467:
464:
461:
458:
457:
454:
453:
452:
450:
445:
443:
439:
434:
427:
423:
420:
416:
415:Boris Spassky
413:
409:
405:
397:
395:
393:
389:
385:
381:
376:
373:
371:
366:
364:
360:
356:
351:
349:
346:, along with
345:
340:
338:
332:
330:
326:
322:
318:
314:
310:
302:
300:
298:
293:
290:
288:
283:
281:
277:
273:
268:
266:
262:
258:
254:
250:
247:According to
242:
240:
238:
234:
230:
226:
222:
218:
214:
209:
207:
198:
193:
188:
185:
179:
174:
172:
168:
167:New York City
164:
160:
156:
148:
146:
144:
140:
136:
135:Bobby Fischer
132:
128:
124:
115:
111:
107:
105:
101:
97:
94:
90:
86:
77:
73:
69:
68:New York City
57:
53:
50:United States
49:
45:
41:
37:
30:
25:
20:
3943:Balakrishnan
3398:Christiansen
3371:
3286:grandmasters
3198:
3176:
3155:
3131:
3108:
3089:
3070:
3049:
3026:. Batsford.
3023:
3001:
2978:
2955:
2936:
2917:
2898:
2879:
2860:
2841:
2822:
2796:
2787:
2778:
2775:Brady, Frank
2756:The Guardian
2755:
2745:
2736:
2726:
2717:
2708:
2696:. Retrieved
2692:
2682:
2668:
2659:
2635:. Retrieved
2625:
2616:
2607:
2598:
2589:
2571:
2562:
2548:
2540:the original
2530:
2509:
2483:
2472:. Retrieved
2462:
2453:
2444:
2435:
2426:
2417:
2408:
2399:
2387:. Retrieved
2377:
2368:
2359:
2350:
2338:. Retrieved
2328:
2316:. Retrieved
2306:
2294:. Retrieved
2284:
2275:
2266:
2254:. Retrieved
2244:
2235:
2226:
2217:
2208:
2199:
2190:
2181:
2172:
2163:
2151:. Retrieved
2147:
2137:
2128:
2119:
2110:
2101:
2092:
2083:
2074:
2065:
2056:
2047:
2038:
2015:
2006:
1997:
1988:
1979:
1958:
1949:
1940:
1931:
1922:
1898:. Retrieved
1864:
1841:
1837:
1816:
1807:
1798:
1789:
1780:
1755:. Retrieved
1745:
1736:
1727:
1718:
1707:. Retrieved
1703:
1693:
1682:. Retrieved
1672:
1663:
1636:
1627:
1608:
1589:
1570:
1549:
1528:
1512:. Batsford.
1509:
1490:
1477:heart attack
1457:
1455:
1452:
1439:Joan Fischer
1412:
1410:
1394:
1371:
1311:
906:
904:
896:East Village
893:
882:
871:
868:
861:
854:
847:
836:
833:
822:
819:Later career
735:12/13 (Gold)
662:Uppsala 1956
597:7/9 (Silver)
553:11/14 (Gold)
502:Leipzig 1960
446:
435:
432:
401:
377:
374:
367:
352:
348:Robert Byrne
341:
333:
306:
294:
291:
284:
269:
255:at the 1956
249:Jack Collins
246:
243:Early career
210:
203:
190:
181:
176:
171:World War II
152:
122:
121:
80:(2017-10-13)
4053:2017 deaths
4048:1937 births
3761:Perelshteyn
3640:Yermolinsky
3595:Schwartzman
3565:I. Gurevich
3444:D. Gurevich
1753:. OlimpBase
1554:. Chilton.
1386:Bent Larsen
1378:Larry Evans
1296:Lombardy's
845:, in 1975.
794:Kraków 1964
656:percentage
650:percentage
546:Siegen 1970
524:Lugano 1968
480:Munich 1958
474:percentage
468:percentage
384:Monte Carlo
363:Puerto Rico
325:Larry Evans
253:Larry Evans
227:, all from
157:father and
127:grandmaster
96:Grandmaster
4042:Categories
4020:See also:
3872:Naroditsky
3630:Stripunsky
3474:Fedorowicz
3454:De Firmian
3296:FIDE title
3073:. Pitman.
3020:Elo, Arpad
2767:References
2637:2015-09-16
2474:2015-09-18
1900:August 24,
1843:Chess Life
1709:2017-10-13
1684:2015-09-16
1618:0679130497
1599:4871879763
1580:4871879739
1561:4871879720
1538:4871879771
1519:0713403659
1500:4871879763
772:Budva 1963
706:Varna 1958
669:7/9 (Gold)
644:Board No.
590:Haifa 1976
462:Board No.
419:gold medal
394:, Israel.
313:Interzonal
61:1937-12-04
3958:Fernandez
3953:Daggupati
3936:2020–2029
3897:Shankland
3892:Sevillano
3852:Lenderman
3800:2010–2019
3791:Ziatdinov
3786:Zherebukh
3736:Khachiyan
3711:Hernández
3681:Domínguez
3649:2000–2009
3590:Sagalchik
3533:1990–1999
3432:1980–1989
3381:1970–1979
3355:1960–1969
3346:Rossolimo
3341:Reshevsky
3304:1950–1959
3284:American
3197:(1976) .
3048:(1992) .
2693:Chessbase
1704:Chess.com
1435:Lily Rabe
1397:Reykjavík
1314:Ruy Lopez
1298:Ruy Lopez
878:Venezuela
852:in 1977.
568:Nice 1974
404:Leningrad
359:Pal Benko
355:St. Louis
337:Ruy Lopez
317:Stockholm
143:Leningrad
4003:Woodward
3973:Jacobson
3842:Hungaski
3756:Nakamura
3706:González
3691:Finegold
3686:Erenburg
3605:Shabalov
3585:Onischuk
3560:Fishbein
3509:Seirawan
3489:Kaidanov
3439:Benjamin
3413:Palatnik
3393:Biyiasas
3372:Lombardy
3316:Bisguier
3152:(1973).
3022:(1978).
2821:(1974).
2777:(1965).
1757:March 8,
1483:Writings
1307:10...c6
843:Nebraska
616:2nd res.
178:morning.
3983:Niemann
3948:Brodsky
3827:Chandra
3807:Antipov
3781:Świercz
3771:Ramírez
3766:Quesada
3746:Kreiman
3731:Kaufman
3726:Jimenez
3701:Gareyev
3696:Friedel
3676:Caruana
3661:Aronian
3656:Akobian
3625:Shulman
3620:Sherzer
3580:Novikov
3550:Becerra
3545:Annakov
3540:Akopian
3524:Zaichik
3469:Ehlvest
3367:Kavalek
3336:Kashdan
3331:Fischer
3226:at the
2698:May 26,
1464:evicted
1407:In film
1401:Iceland
1303:novelty
889:Iceland
874:Caracas
839:Lincoln
594:reserve
581:Bronze,
572:reserve
559:Fourth,
550:reserve
528:reserve
515:Silver,
493:Fourth,
392:Netanya
370:Atlanta
339:(1–0).
282:title.
276:Toronto
265:Uppsala
47:Country
3998:Tiglon
3978:Mishra
3887:Sevian
3882:Robson
3877:Oparin
3867:Molner
3812:Arnold
3751:Moradi
3721:Izoria
3666:Ashley
3610:Shaked
3600:Serper
3575:Kamsky
3570:Ivanov
3555:Bruzón
3519:Wilder
3514:Soltis
3499:Mednis
3494:Kudrin
3484:Henley
3479:Goldin
3459:Denker
3423:Tarjan
3418:Rogoff
3388:Alburt
3205:
3183:
3164:
3138:
3119:
3096:
3077:
3058:
3030:
3008:
2986:
2962:
2943:
2924:
2905:
2886:
2867:
2848:
2829:
2807:
1643:
1615:
1596:
1577:
1558:
1535:
1516:
1497:
1441:, and
1382:second
810:61.6%
807:Fourth
788:60.4%
766:71.9%
763:Silver
744:78.8%
719:Silver
700:59.6%
697:Silver
678:43.8%
675:Eighth
628:62.5%
625:Bronze
606:71.2%
584:68.2%
562:67.8%
540:61.8%
537:Fourth
518:72.5%
496:61.8%
225:M.Div.
98:(1960)
87:, U.S.
70:, U.S.
3993:Sturt
3988:Sheng
3927:Zierk
3917:Xiong
3912:Troff
3902:Smith
3862:Liang
3847:Krush
3832:Checa
3822:Burke
3817:Brown
3741:Kraai
3635:Wolff
3504:Rohde
3464:Dlugy
3408:Gulko
3362:Byrne
3321:Evans
3311:Benko
2801:Crown
1655:Notes
804:57.7%
785:Fifth
782:68.2%
760:81.8%
738:92.3%
713:5½/10
694:58.3%
672:77.8%
622:57.1%
600:77.8%
578:68.8%
556:78.6%
534:68.2%
512:67.6%
490:64.7%
442:Haifa
187:this:
163:Bronx
92:Title
3968:Hong
3922:Yang
3907:Tang
3837:Holt
3716:Hess
3671:Bhat
3615:Sher
3449:Dake
3326:Fine
3203:ISBN
3181:ISBN
3162:ISBN
3136:ISBN
3117:ISBN
3094:ISBN
3075:ISBN
3056:ISBN
3028:ISBN
3006:ISBN
2984:ISBN
2960:ISBN
2941:ISBN
2922:ISBN
2903:ISBN
2884:ISBN
2865:ISBN
2846:ISBN
2827:ISBN
2805:ISBN
2700:2018
2391:2015
2342:2015
2320:2015
2298:2015
2258:2015
2155:2015
1902:2013
1759:2018
1641:ISBN
1613:ISBN
1594:ISBN
1575:ISBN
1556:ISBN
1533:ISBN
1514:ISBN
1495:ISBN
1388:and
741:Gold
722:55%
691:7/12
603:Gold
408:USSR
221:M.A.
217:B.A.
75:Died
55:Born
4008:Yoo
3963:Guo
1437:as
1429:as
1421:as
898:of
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716:55%
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