314:) shouted, "Hold thy tongue, thou art going to die with a lie in thy mouth." The rope was adjusted, and as the executioner turned the condemned man off, he said with his dying breath, "I suffer for Christ, in whom I live and for whom I die." Marmaduke Stephenson next climbed the ladder and said, "Be it known unto all this day that we suffer not as evil-doers, but for conscience sake." As the ladder was pushed away, he said, "This day shall we be at rest with the Lord."
330:
83:
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Quaker, should be banished upon pain of death, and that every inhabitant of the colony convicted of being a Quaker should be imprisoned for a month, and if obstinate in opinion should be banished on pain of death. Some
Friends were arrested and expelled under this law. At that time various punishments of Friends were vigorously and cruelly acted upon, as a letter of
341:
penalty, but the authorities had not ventured to enforce it. After ten days
Endecott, at the bidding of the courts, sent for her, and asked her if she were the same Mary Dyer who had been there before. On her avowing this, the death sentence was passed and executed. Another Friend, William Leddra of Barbados, was hanged on 14 March 1661.
416:(Internet Archive). The text includes a full transcript of the original 1656 shipping list in the Massachusetts Colonial Records: the eight were Christopher Holder (25), William Brend (40), John Copeland (28), Thomas Thurston (34), Mary Prince (21), Sarah Gibbons (21), Mary Weatherhead (26), Dorothy Waugh (20).
349:
Others lay in prison awaiting sentence but were set at liberty, and a new law was passed substituting whipping out of the colony from town to town. Shortly after, the 'King's
Missive' reached Boston and showed the royal disapproval of the policy of persecution. When the last Friend to be condemned to
287:
in
England in 1655, when (as he wrote), "as I walked after the plough, I was filled with the love and presence of the living God, which did ravish my heart". Leaving his family to the Lord's care, he followed the divine prompting to Barbados in June 1658, and after some time there he heard of the new
354:
Do not think to weary out the living God by taking away the lives of his servants. What do you gain by it? For the last man you put to death, here are five come in his room. And if you have power to take my life from me God can raise up the same principle of life in ten of His servants and send them
257:
by
Endecott's order and were imprisoned for several months. They were released, but in April 1658 were rearrested at Sandwich and whipped. In June they went to Boston and were again arrested, and Copeland's right ear was cut off as a judicial penalty. Katherine Scott, Anne Hutchinson's sister, spoke
309:
The execution day was
Thursday 27 October (the usual weekly meeting day for the Church in Boston) 1659, and the gallows stood on Boston Neck, the narrow isthmus of land that connected Boston to the mainland. They spoke as they were led there, but their words were drowned out by the sound of drums.
266:
At the end of 1658, the
Massachusetts legislature, by a bare majority, enacted a law that every member of the sect of Quakers who was not an inhabitant of the colony but was found within its jurisdiction should be apprehended without warrant by any constable and imprisoned, and on conviction as a
340:
also stepped up the ladder, her face was covered and the halter put round her neck, when the cry was raised, "Stop! for she is reprieved." She was again banished, but returned in May 1660. Since her reprieve, others, both colonists and visiting
Friends, had brought themselves within the capital
300:
were instructed to attend them "with religious conversation fitted for their condition". Mary Dyer went back to protest at their treatment, and was also imprisoned. In
October 1659, Endecott, according to the instruction of the law previously passed, pronounced sentence of death upon the three.
310:
After they had taken leave of one another, William
Robinson ascended the ladder. He told the people it was their day of visitation, and desired them to mind the light within them, the light of Christ, his testimony for which he was going to seal with his blood. At this the Puritan minister (
292:, and in June 1659 with two others they went into the Massachusetts colony to protest at their laws. Mary Dyer went for the same purpose. The three were arrested and banished, but Robinson and Stephenson returned and were again imprisoned. During their imprisonment and trial, the ministers
233:
73:
explicitly forbade Massachusetts from executing anyone for professing Quakerism. In 1684 England revoked the Massachusetts charter, sent over a royal governor to enforce English laws in 1686, and in 1689 passed a broad Toleration act."
181:, under a sentence of banishment. Shortly after this, Mary Dyer and Anne Burden arrived in Boston from Rhode Island and also were imprisoned. Eleven weeks later, Holder, Copeland and the six other Quakers from the
177:, John Copeland and William Brend. As required by Boston law, the authorities were notified of their arrival, and all eight were immediately brought before the court. They were imprisoned on orders of Governor
376:
is problematic in Quakerism, which does not thereby uphold any theological distinction of sanctity, but records the sufferings, witness and constancy of Friends who were persecuted for the sake of the Spirit.
248:
in 1652, heard the ministry of George Fox and became a Friend. She and her husband returned to Rhode Island in 1657. In time, Holder and Copeland returned to Massachusetts and met with other Friends in
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141:, who believed that God 'spoke directly to individuals' and not only through the clergy. They began organizing Bible study groups in violation of Massachusetts Colony laws, and for this '
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article by John C. Shields, ‘Leddra, William (d. 1661)’, Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press, September 2004; online edn, May 2007
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Massachusetts law and passed over to Rhode Island. There he met William Robinson (a merchant of London), another Friend from the company of the
608:
145:
heresy' Mary Dyer, her husband William Dyer, Anne Hutchinson, and others were banished from the colony in January 1637/8. They relocated at
385:
54:
Friend William Leddra, who were condemned to death and executed by public hanging for their religious beliefs under the legislature of the
770:
848:
91:
752:
126:, Quakers in England were persecuted, and during the 1650s various groups of Quakers left England as 'Publishers of Truth'.
775:
625:
245:
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New England Judged, Not by Man's, but by the Spirit of the Lord: And The Summe sealed up of New-England's Persecutions
241:
410:
The Holders of Holderness. A History and Genealogy of the Holder Family with especial reference to Christopher Holder
62:
in the same period, but had their punishments commuted to that of being whipped out of the colony from town to town.
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Christian Life, Faith and Thought in the Society of Friends of Great Britain. Book of Discipline Part 1
65:"The hanging of Mary Dyer on the Boston gallows in 1660 marked the beginning of the end of the Puritan
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under captain Robert Locke arrived at Boston on 27 July 1656, having on board eight Quakers including
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510:'James Cudworth's Letter, written in the tenth month, 1658', in Appendix to Richard P. Hallowell,
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43:
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In July 1657 an additional party of Quakers for Massachusetts (including six of those from the
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was an English Puritan living in Boston, in the Massachusetts Bay Colony. In 1637 she supported
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111:
333:"Mary Dyer led to execution on Boston Common, 1 June 1660", by an unknown 19th century artist
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217:
138:
123:
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death (Wenlock Christison, afterwards released) had received his sentence, he had said:
465:'A true relation of the voyage undertaken by me, Robert Fowler (etc)' in James Bowden,
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Christian Life, Faith and Thought in the Society of Friends. Book of Discipline Part 1
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780:
487:
221:
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99:
686:(Houghton, Mifflin & Co., Boston 1881), 'The King's Missive. 1661' at pp. 9-17.
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150:
514:(Houghton, Mifflin & Co, Boston/Riverside Press, Cambridge 1883), pp. 162-72.
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209:
197:
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A Collection of the Sufferings of the People called Quakers, from 1650 to 1689
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528:
A Collection of the Sufferings of the People called Quakers, from 1650 to 1689
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115:
17:
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Mary and William Dyer: Quaker Light and Puritan Ambition in Early New England
58:
in 1659, 1660 and 1661. Several other Friends lay under sentence of death at
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284:
201:
134:
66:
47:
386:
Puritans and Puritanism in Europe and America: a comprehensive encyclopedia
82:
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carried the same name as the ship which set out for the Americas with the
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were deported to England; however, they immediately took steps to return.
436:
51:
232:
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by Ruth Talbot Plimpton (1994) (GoogleBooks, accessed 27 November 2007)
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39:
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Mary Dyer of Rhode Island: The Quaker Martyr That Was Hanged on Boston
373:
35:
547:, 2 vols., (Congregational Library Association, Boston 1862), II,
328:
231:
118:(1624–1691), discovered his religious vocation. Under the Puritan
81:
638:
102:, and acquired the name of Boston soon after the arrival of the
486:(Luke Hinde, London 1753), Vol. 2, Chapter 5 at pp. 177 ff.
581:
A Collection of the Sufferings of the People called Quakers
484:
A Collection of the Sufferings of the People called Quakers
747:. North Charleston, South Carolina: CreateSpace (Amazon).
526:
Trial and Testament of Marmaduke Stephenson, in J. Besse,
98:
chartered colonists of the Massachusetts Bay Colony under
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colony, joined by the religious group they had founded.
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and New England independence from English rule. In 1661
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734:
An Appendix to the Book, Entituled, New-England Judged
397:
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made land at Long Island. Five were set ashore at the
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reached its climax, the founder of English Quakerism,
657:, Part 1 (London 1661). Reprint of the 1703 edition,
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to recognize the importance of freedom of religion.
839:
People executed by the Thirteen Colonies by hanging
469:(Charles Gilpin, London 1850), Vol. I, pp. 63-67.
345:The King's Missive, and Wenlock Christison's words
456:(Charles Gilpin, London 1850), Vol. I, pp. 42-51.
530:(Luke Hinde, London 1753), Vol. 2, pp. 198-202.
253:and other towns. However, they were arrested at
829:People executed by the Massachusetts Bay Colony
725:(Luke Hinde, London 1753), Volume 2, Chapter 5.
324:
27:Execution of Quakers in Massachusetts 1659-1661
596:Historical Dictionary of the Friends (Quakers)
814:English emigrants to Massachusetts Bay Colony
283:Marmaduke Stephenson had been a ploughman in
46:, Marmaduke Stephenson, William Robinson and
8:
467:History of the Society of Friends in America
454:History of the Society of Friends in America
258:up for them and was imprisoned and whipped.
240:Mary Dyer, who had returned to England with
844:People executed by Massachusetts by hanging
325:Mary Dyer's and William Leddra's executions
196:, undertaken by her owner Robert Fowler of
854:17th-century executions of American people
718:(Friends Book Centre, London 1921), 28-34.
501:(Friends Book Centre, London 1921), p. 31.
740:, (T. Sowle, London 1703), (Hathi Trust).
545:The Ecclesiastical History of New England
738:Reprint of the abbreviated 1703 edition
365:
224:, Mary Weatherhead, and Dorothy Waugh.
110:, in England. During the 1640s, as the
834:Pre-statehood history of Massachusetts
782:Mary Dyer: Biography of a Rebel Quaker
317:In memory of this, October 27 is now
228:Confrontations with Governor Endecott
7:
809:Quakers executed in colonial America
567:Proceedings of the Bostonian Society
512:The Quaker Invasion of Massachusetts
435:in 1620 but was forced to return to
220:): Robert Hodgson, Richard Doudney,
736:, The Second Part. (London, 1667).
684:The King's Missive, and other poems
398:Mary Dyer: Quaker Martyr and Enigma
319:International Religious Freedom Day
25:
776:Trials without Justice: Mary Dyer
766:WomensNews biography of Mary Dyer
700:Christian Life, Faith and Thought
563:"Where Were the Quakers Hanged?"
439:having transferred her party of
408:Charles Frederick Holder, LL.D,
819:17th-century Protestant martyrs
569:: 37–49 – via HathiTrust.
169:Leaving England on 30 May, the
1:
412:(Author, California (1902)),
599:. Scarecrow Press. pp.
593:Margery Post Abbott (2011).
561:Canavan, Michael J. (1911).
106:in 1630. It was named after
771:Mary Dyer: A Quaker Martyr
583:, 1753, Vol. 2, pp. 203-05.
870:
644:, accessed 16 August 2009]
262:Boston law against Quakers
129:
629:pp.1-2. BiblioBazaar, LLC
305:Executions at Boston Neck
355:among you in my room.
56:Massachusetts Bay Colony
849:Executed English people
743:Winsser, Johan (2017).
732:(Robert Wilson, 1661).
680:John Greenleaf Whittier
623:Rogers, Horatio, 2009.
279:Stephenson and Robinson
38:tradition to the three
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130:Mary Dyer's early work
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34:is the name given in
120:English Commonwealth
108:Boston, Lincolnshire
702:(1921), pp. 31-32.
672:New-England Judged
655:New England Judged
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238:
192:), set out on the
175:Christopher Holder
90:The settlement of
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44:Society of Friends
610:978-0-8108-7088-8
443:to the Mayflower.
275:in 1658 reveals.
112:English Civil War
16:(Redirected from
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678:. See also
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543:J.B. Felt,
312:John Wilson
298:John Norton
246:John Clarke
198:Bridlington
793:Categories
753:1539351947
676:pp. 214-15
659:pp.189-218
579:J. Besse,
360:References
147:Portsmouth
143:Antinomian
116:George Fox
688:Read here
532:Read here
516:Read here
488:Read here
471:Read here
432:Mayflower
427:Speedwell
414:pp. 22-26
372:The term
338:Mary Dyer
290:Woodhouse
285:Yorkshire
206:Woodhouse
202:Yorkshire
194:Woodhouse
190:Speedwell
183:Speedwell
171:Speedwell
163:Woodhouse
159:Speedwell
135:Mary Dyer
67:theocracy
52:Barbadian
48:Mary Dyer
441:Pilgrims
437:Plymouth
273:Scituate
251:Sandwich
218:New York
149:in the
122:led by
96:Puritan
40:English
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670:Text:
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549:p. 212
374:martyr
200:Quay,
165:(1657)
92:Boston
60:Boston
36:Quaker
255:Salem
210:Dutch
749:ISBN
639:ODNB
605:ISBN
425:The
296:and
244:and
30:The
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