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A conservative
Republican who notably got a 0% from the Americans for Democratic Action and a 100% rating from Americans for Constitutional Action in 1961, McCulloch believed that federal authority shouldn't usurp state and local authority. After 1964 however, McCulloch moderated his views, being one
431:
Johnson watered down civil rights bills in 1957 and 1960 to make them practically unenforceable. McCulloch was the ranking minority member of the House judiciary committee, and he told the
Kennedy Administration that he would back a strong bill in the House – and urge his fellow Republicans to follow
297:
from 1933 to 1944, serving as minority leader from 1936 to 1939 and as speaker from 1939 to 1944. During his tenure in the House of
Representatives, the black population in Piqua was 2.7% and a majority of his constituents were white conservatives, yet he began supporting equal rights and the
1485:
391:
As the ranking member of the House of
Representatives Judiciary Committee, William McCulloch took a leading role in the civil rights movement. His introduction of a comprehensive civil rights bill in 1963, for example, together with representatives
404:
to present his own act to
Congress several months later. He had few African-American constituents and so had few votes to gain from introducing or supporting civil rights legislation. McCulloch's influence with the Civil Rights Act led President
830:"TO PASS H.R. 2516, A BILL TO ESTABLISH PENALTIES FOR INTERFERENCE WITH CIVIL RIGHTS. INTERFERENCE WITH A PERSON ENGAGED IN ONE OF THE 8 ACTIVITIES PROTECTED UNDER THIS BILL MUST BE RACIALLY MOTIVATED TO INCUR THE BILL'S PENALTIES"
1475:
567:(D-MO) said of McCulloch upon his passing: "This country will always owe a major debt to Bill McCulloch. If it had not been for Bill McCulloch, there would have been no civil rights legislation." Representative
467:
Despite his leadership to pass the civil rights acts, McCulloch did not have many votes to gain from his constituents but rather felt that it was his obligation to implement
Constitutional rights. In 1971,
372:
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72:
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program for the elderly, and the
Medicaid program for poor people. In 1969, he received a 33% rating from Americans for Constitutional Action. He also was supportive of the
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464:. In 1970, he opposed the Nixon administration's efforts to weaken temporary provisions in the 1965 Voting Rights Act regarding voting rights of Black southerners.
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of 1971 that was vetoed by Nixon. Much like his friend and collaborator in civil rights legislation, New York
Democrat Emmanuel Celler, McCulloch opposed the
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from
December 26, 1943, to October 12, 1945. During his tenure in the Army, he served as a captain in the Military Government Forces in Europe.
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324:. He was re-elected to twelve consecutive Congresses. During his time in office, the 4th Ohio Congressional District included the counties of
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agreed not to trade away the bill's strongest provisions in the Senate, and also agreed to give
Republicans equal credit for passing it.
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571:(R-IL) credited McCulloch as doing more for civil rights than any other member of the House, along with his friend Emmanuel Celler.
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wrote a letter to McCulloch, crediting him as being one of the most important people for the civil rights legislation in the 60s.
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1167:
243:
895:"TO ADOPT THE CONFERENCE REPORT ON S. 2007, ECONOMIC OPPOR- TUNITY AMENDMENTS OF 1971 (CLEARING THE MEASURE FOR THE PRESIDENT.)"
729:
856:
Letter from Jacquelyn Kennedy Onassis to Congressman William McCulloch, National Museum of African-American History and Culture
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867:"TO PASS H.R. 6675, A BILL TO PROVIDE A HOSPITAL INSURANCE PROGRAM FOR THE AGED UNDER THE SOCIAL SECURITY ACT"
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357:
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413:, under whom the act was passed, as "the most important and powerful political force" in passing the Act.
383:
and in 1968 the Presidential Commission on the Causes and Prevention of Violence (Eisenhower Commission).
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An Idea Whose Time Has Come: Two Presidents, Two Parties, and the Battle for the Civil Rights Act of 1964
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McCulloch died on February 22, 1980, in Washington, D.C. due to a heart attack. He is buried in
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242:(November 24, 1901 – February 22, 1980) was an American lawyer and politician who served as a
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to declare, "Without him it can't be done." McCulloch was recognized by Kennedy's successor,
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and would return the unused office allowance to the U.S. Treasury at the end of each term.
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881:"TO ADOPT THE CONFERENCE REPORT ON H.R. 17735, THE STATE FIREARMS CONTROL ASSISTANCE ACT"
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Former Rep. William McCulloch; J.Y. Smith, The Washington Post, February 23, 1980
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Republican Party members of the United States House of Representatives from Ohio
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identifying the Civil Rights movement with its goals of Constitutional rights.
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281:, in 1925. He was admitted to the bar the same year and commenced practice in
218:
673:
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on November 24, 1901 to James H. and Ida M. McCulloch. He graduated from the
320:, on November 4, 1947, to fill the vacancy caused by the resignation of
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of six Republican House representatives from Ohio to support the
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and he won 65-70 percent of the votes in each election. He was a
68:
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Republican Party members of the Ohio House of Representatives
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On October 17, 1927, McCulloch eloped with Mabel Harris in
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and instead resumed the practice of law in Piqua, Ohio.
371:
until his retirement in 1973. He also held seats on the
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538:, Congressman McCulloch is portrayed by Dan Desmond.
1397:"2017 Winning Essay by Daud Shad | JFK Library"
1033:
Biographical Directory of the United States Congress
756:(New York: Henry Holt & Company, 2014):118-120.
545:as a finalist in a statewide vote for inclusion in
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1436:Ohio State University Moritz College of Law alumni
1155:Members of the U.S. House of Representatives from
767:"The Battle to Pass the Civil Rights Act of 1964"
273:in 1923. He graduated from the college of law of
367:In 1959 he became the ranking Republican on the
844:"TO PASS H.R. 6400, THE 1965 VOTING RIGHTS ACT"
381:National Advisory Commission on Civil Disorders
500:He was not a candidate for re-election in the
1431:Speakers of the Ohio House of Representatives
1140:
705:"William M. McCulloch - Ohio History Central"
541:In early 2010, McCulloch was proposed by the
312:McCulloch was elected as a Republican to the
8:
1451:United States Army personnel of World War II
1072:U.S. House of Representatives
1426:Activists for African-American civil rights
86:November 4, 1947 – January 3, 1973
1147:
1133:
1125:
1050:
419:, in his history of the Civil Rights Era,
47:
36:
560:2017 winning essay by student Daud Shad.
520:. They had two daughters, Nancy and Ann.
63:U.S. House of Representatives
32:William McCulloch (Australian politician)
1388:
1028:"William Moore McCulloch (id: M000393)"
773:, March 31, 2014. Retrieved 2014-06-19.
730:"The Republican Who Saved Civil Rights"
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400:of Maryland, put pressure on President
1456:Burials at Arlington National Cemetery
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556:McCulloch was the subject of the JFK
7:
765:Purdum, Todd S., and Cullen Murphy,
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662:"Former Rep. William McCulloch Dies"
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1002:McCulloch of Ohio: For the Republic
784:"HR 6127. CIVIL RIGHTS ACT OF 1957"
491:Comprehensive Child Development Act
30:For the Australian politician, see
25:
1471:20th-century American legislators
1157:Ohio's 4th congressional district
1078:Ohio's 4th congressional district
728:Purdum, Todd S. (31 March 2014).
251:Ohio's 4th congressional district
1376:
440:McCulloch voted in favor of the
373:Joint Committee on Atomic Energy
1461:People from Holmes County, Ohio
1004:. Crown Equipment Corporation.
628:"Special Collections Registry"
427:had been distressed when then
1:
1491:20th-century Ohio politicians
1481:20th-century American lawyers
1070:Member of the
1055:U.S. House of Representatives
295:Ohio House of Representatives
117:Ohio House of Representatives
1046:Arlington National Cemetery
660:Smith, J. Y. (1980-02-23).
532:with his wife. In the film
530:Arlington National Cemetery
421:An Idea Whose Time Has Come
184:Arlington National Cemetery
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470:Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis
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1441:College of Wooster alumni
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458:Voting Rights Act of 1965
442:Civil Rights Acts of 1957
369:House Judiciary Committee
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1026:United States Congress.
1000:Bernstein, Mark (2014).
462:Open Housing Act of 1968
423:, said in an interview:
261:McCulloch was born near
257:Early life and education
1466:People from Piqua, Ohio
1041:The Political Graveyard
909:"TO PASS H.J. RES. 208"
543:Ohio Historical Society
487:Gun Control Act of 1968
432:suit – but only if the
293:He was a member of the
240:William Moore McCulloch
41:William Moore McCulloch
1105:Ranking Member of the
966:Paley Center for Media
709:ohiohistorycentral.org
565:Richard Walker Bolling
495:Equal Rights Amendment
438:
429:Senate Majority Leader
387:Fight for civil rights
203:Mabel Harris (m. 1927)
1064:Robert Franklin Jones
601:bioguide.congress.gov
551:United States Capitol
506:Ninety-third Congress
425:
379:appointed him to the
322:Robert Franklin Jones
275:Ohio State University
228:Ohio State University
97:Robert Franklin Jones
1117:J. Edward Hutchinson
816:"H.R. 7152. PASSAGE"
18:William M. McCulloch
1208:Moses Bledso Corwin
558:Profiles in Courage
518:Covington, Kentucky
362:fiscal conservative
285:with George Barry.
253:from 1947 to 1973.
247:U.S. Representative
27:American politician
962:"All the Way (TV)"
802:"HR 8601. PASSAGE"
314:Eightieth Congress
307:United States Army
267:College of Wooster
224:College of Wooster
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1123:
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1114:Succeeded by
1086:Succeeded by
734:POLITICO Magazine
597:"Bioguide Search"
411:Lyndon B. Johnson
377:Lyndon B. Johnson
305:He served in the
263:Holmesville, Ohio
237:
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166:February 22, 1980
156:Holmesville, Ohio
153:November 24, 1901
16:(Redirected from
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168:(1980-02-22)
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104:Succeeded by
81:
1421:1980 deaths
1416:1901 births
788:GovTrack.us
771:Vanity Fair
535:All the Way
434:White House
417:Todd Purdum
283:Piqua, Ohio
92:Preceded by
1410:Categories
1328:Fitzgerald
1111:1959–1973
1083:1947–1973
994:References
739:2021-05-10
714:2021-05-10
679:2021-05-09
637:2021-05-09
606:2021-05-09
460:, and the
358:Montgomery
244:Republican
219:Alma mater
194:Republican
149:1901-11-24
1353:McCulloch
1303:Tou Velle
949:Bernstein
934:Bernstein
922:Bernstein
674:0190-8286
129:1933–1944
125:In office
82:In office
1288:Marshall
1268:Anderson
1263:Le Fevre
1238:McKinney
1233:Lawrence
1228:McKinney
1178:Chambers
1168:Caldwell
971:July 10,
489:and the
483:Medicare
338:Auglaize
208:Children
75:district
1343:Albaugh
1313:Russell
1248:McMahon
1243:Gunckel
1218:Nichols
1213:Stanton
1173:Herrick
549:at the
504:to the
1368:Jordan
1298:Garber
1293:Gordon
1283:Layton
1258:Shultz
1253:Keifer
1193:Morrow
1075:from
1008:
672:
456:, the
452:, and
354:Preble
346:Shelby
334:Mercer
330:Hardin
289:Career
200:Spouse
175:, U.S.
158:, U.S.
1363:Oxley
1358:Guyer
1348:Jones
1338:Kloeb
1333:Cable
1323:Cable
1318:Welty
1308:Goeke
1278:Gantz
1273:Yoder
1223:Allen
1203:Canby
1198:Vance
1183:Vance
575:Notes
350:Miami
342:Darke
326:Allen
316:, by
300:NAACP
67:from
1006:ISBN
973:2020
670:ISSN
454:1968
450:1964
446:1960
249:for
163:Died
143:Born
69:Ohio
277:at
269:in
73:4th
71:'s
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