383:
Few of his paintings from this period survive, but an exhibition of his later paintings and drawings was held in Durham, North
Carolina in 1967. See Bunker, Cameron and Heckscher, William S. "A Catalogue of Drawings and Prints by William S. Heckscher," Allied Arts Center and Durham Art Guild (1967)
103:
problem that was troubling him. The stranger's animated discussion with Pauli left
Heckscher astounded at the depth of the man's insight. Intrigued, Heckscher followed Panofsky to his office and all but begged to study under him. Panofsky was thoroughly unimpressed by Heckscher's education—he had
192:
of medieval and
Renaissance sculpture. Heckscher retired from Duke in 1974, and moved with his family to Princeton, where he continued his scholarly research and served as an advisor to the Princeton University Library's Department of Rare Books. He died on November 27, 1999, at his home in
141:, where he was held for eighteen months. During this time, he organized an informal prison school to help foreign internees prepare for university entrance examinations. Heckscher was released from internment early, on Christmas Day 1941, after the intervention of Canadian senator
316:
were given to
Heckscher by his colleagues to celebrate his life's work. The first was given in 1941 by members of his prison school at the internment camp in Quebec. The second was presented in 1964 for his sixtieth birthday, when colleagues and students at the
88:, took informal painting lessons with Ludwig Bartning of the Berlin Academy, and was contracted to work on an anatomical atlas. His portraiture was in demand among Dutch, German, and Belgian patrons; this was his means of support from 1924 to 1930.
104:
never finished high school—but
Heckscher persisted, and Panofsky eventually relented, telling him of a program to support gifted students who had not completed high school. Heckscher passed the rigorous examination and was accepted into the
810:
130:, and Heckscher followed him to Princeton as a visiting art historian. Heckscher also studied English there, and took up a study of linguistics the following year after moving to London.
238:
80:
Having been stymied at furthering his formal art education, at the age of 19 Heckscher returned to The Hague and worked as a portrait painter. He spent months copying panels by
99:. While at work in Pauli's office, they were interrupted by a strange little man unknown to Heckscher. The man, apparently a colleague of Pauli, immediately launched into some
850:
111:
In 1932–1933, Heckscher lived in New York where he worked as
Panofsky's assistant. During this time, he enrolled in the Graduate Department of Art History at the
307:—"made 'art history' and 'Germanic' interchangeable terms in universities throughout the United States and struggled to reconcile the new culture with the old."
188:, where he was the Benjamin N. Duke Professor. As director of the Duke University Museum of Art from 1970 to 1974, Heckscher coordinated the acquisition of the
800:
74:
57:; there, Heckscher enrolled at the Nederlandsch Lyceum. Heckscher pursued his interests in history and Flemish art by spending his off hours studying at the
840:
830:
820:
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69:, but was dismissed from the Lyceum in 1920 for "lack of scholarly potential". After the family returned to Hamburg, Heckscher attended the city's
780:
220:
283:
The
Princeton Alciati Companion: A Glossary of Neo-Latin Words and Phrases used by Andrea Alciati and the Emblem Book Writers of his Time.
845:
835:
815:
58:
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to study
American art history. Heckscher returned to Germany to continue his studies in 1934. He and his mother were detained by the
795:
775:
410:
In recognition of his work at
Farnham camp during the war, Heckscher was awarded an honorary degree in 1981 by McGill University.
202:
1936. "Die
Romruinen: Die geistigen Voraussetzungen ihrer Wertung im Mittelalter und in der Renaissance." University of Hamburg.
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127:
420:
66:
301:
Heckscher was one of nine prominent art historians, most of them refugees from the Nazi regime, who—in the words of
659:
337:
336:
Heckscher held fellowships from the Institute for Advanced Study (1936–1937, 1946–1947, 1951–1953, 1960–1961), the
166:
341:
38:, on December 14, 1904. He was the son of Hulda Foerster and Siegfried Heckscher, a lawyer and director of the
26:
and professor of fine art and art history at universities in the United States, Canada, and the Netherlands.
345:
620:
Deschmukh, Marion F. "The Visual Arts and Cultural Migration in the 1930s and 1940s: A Literature Review."
170:
146:
427:, a pacifist who had been a founding member of the German Society for Ethical Culture. See Sears, p. 123
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177:. In 1955 he was named Professor of Medieval Art and Iconology for the Institute of Art History at the
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From 1918 to 1921, the family lived in the Netherlands while Heckscher's father served as the
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35:
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Akten des XXI Internationalen Kongresses für Kunstgeschichte. Vol. 3, p. 239–262
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He received his PhD from the University of Hamburg in 1936. Panofsky had moved to the
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and interrogated for ten days after being accused of having pacifist connections.
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312:
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660:"Warburg-Archiv mit Heckscher-Archiv : Archive : Universität Hamburg"
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In 1940, Heckscher was detained in London as an enemy alien. He was sent to an
681:
246:
1968. "The Annunciation of the Merode Altarpiece: An Iconographic Study" in
54:
401:
Of the 182 applicants at the time, he was in fact the only student to pass.
331:
The Verbal & the Visual: Essays in Honor of William Sebastian Heckscher
682:"Verzetteln als Methode: Der humanistische Ikonologe William S. Heckscher"
389:
108:, but was only grudgingly given a seat in the back of Panofsky's seminar.
714:
262:
224:
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in 1990 for his eighty-fifth birthday, in the form of a volume titled
363:
In 2001, the archive of Heckscher was shipped from Princeton to the
173:. He moved to the United States in 1947 to teach art history at the
753:
The Verbal and the Visual: Essays in Honor of William S. Heckscher.
680:
Johannes Rößler, Charlotte Schoell-Glass / Elizabeth Sears (2010).
607:"William S. Heckscher, Historian of Art and Museum Director, 94."
161:, then from 1942–1946 taught the German language and phonetics at
739:
Emblematic Perceptions: Essays in Honor of William S. Heckscher.
423:; he came to Heckscher's aid out of respect for his grandfather
236:
1966. "Sturm und Drang: Conjectures on the Origin of a Phrase."
184:
In 1966 he was appointed chair of the art history department at
42:. His maternal grandfather was the astronomer and mathematician
705:
Sears, Elizabeth. "The Life and Work of William S. Heckscher."
633:
Wallach, Amei. "Sometimes the Book is Better Than the Movie."
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John Lovejoy Elliott was the senior member of the New York
257:
Vol. 28, No. 1, Erwin Panofsky: In Memoriam, p. 4–21.
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Vol. 1. Ghent: Association for the History of Textile Arts.
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Heckscher was commissioned in 1931 to paint a portrait of
356:(1981). Heckscher was a Benjamin Franklin Fellow of the
181:, a position he would hold for the following ten years.
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Simiolus: Netherlands Quarterly for the History of Art
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Stil und Überlieferung in der Kunst des Abendlandes,
34:
Wilhelm Sebastian Martin Hugo Heckscher was born in
811:New York University Institute of Fine Arts alumni
611:February 7, 2000. Retrieved on October 1, 2013.
255:Record of the Art Museum, Princeton University,
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269:Art and Literature: Studies in Relationship.
253:1969. "Erwin Panofsky: A Curriculum Vitae,"
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751:Selig, Karl-Ludwig and Sears, Elizabeth.
709:, 53. Bd., H. 1 (1990), p. 107–133.
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217:Rembrandt's Anatomy of Dr. Nicolaas Tulp.
640:Vol. 57, No. 2 (Summer 1998), p. 122–125
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205:1947. "Bernini's Elephant and Obelisk."
851:German expatriates in the United States
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376:
344:(Mellon Professorship, 1963–1964), the
624:Vol. 41, No. 4 (December 2008), p. 569
348:(Kress Professorship, 1979–1980), the
75:Hochschule für bildende Künste Hamburg
737:Daly, Peter M and Russell, Daniel S.
536:
534:
532:
229:1964. "The Genesis of Iconology," in
219:New York: New York University Press.
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801:Academic staff of Utrecht University
725:Dictionary of Art Historians Online.
436:Wallach's nine: "The art historians
157:Heckscher briefly taught art at the
323:Nederlands Kuntshistorisch Jaarboek
841:20th-century American male writers
77:, but failed a class in ceramics.
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831:American male non-fiction writers
821:People from Princeton, New Jersey
212:Volume 29, No. 3, p. 155–182
826:20th-century American historians
741:Verlag Valentin Koerner (1997).
707:Zeitschrift für Kunstgeschichte
1:
243:Vol. 1, No. 2, p. 94–105
781:University of Hamburg alumni
727:Retrieved 30 September 2013.
325:to him. He received a third
128:Institute for Advanced Study
421:Society for Ethical Culture
248:Miscellanea Josef Duverger,
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846:Historians from New Jersey
836:German emigrants to Canada
816:University of Iowa faculty
338:Folger Shakespeare Library
321:dedicated a volume of the
167:University of Saskatchewan
662:. Fbkultur.uni-hamburg.de
622:Central European History,
464:, William Heckscher, and
22:(1904–1999) was a German
342:University of Pittsburgh
30:Early life and education
796:Duke University faculty
776:American art historians
346:National Gallery of Art
271:Duke University Press.
806:Academics from Hamburg
755:Italica Press (1990).
171:University of Manitoba
113:Institute of Fine Arts
16:American art historian
365:Warburg Haus, Hamburg
358:Royal Society of Arts
354:Herzog August Library
319:University of Utrecht
179:University of Utrecht
159:University of Toronto
106:University of Hamburg
67:Kröller-Müller Museum
721:Heckscher, William S
147:John Lovejoy Elliott
40:Hamburg America Line
20:William S. Heckscher
609:The New York Times,
454:Walter Friedlaender
442:Richard Krautheimer
285:New York: Garland.
117:New York University
59:Dutch Royal Library
487:Sears, p. 110–111
340:(1961, 1963), the
190:Brummer collection
175:University of Iowa
97:Kunsthalle Hamburg
95:, the director of
71:Kunstgewerbeschule
579:Sears, p. 122–123
526:Sears, p. 116–117
517:Sears, p. 114–115
450:Ernst H. Gombrich
446:Charles de Tolnay
350:Collège de France
53:'s ambassador to
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786:1999 deaths
700:Cited works
636:Art Journal
466:Max Raphael
327:festschrift
304:Art Journal
297:Recognition
193:Princeton.
86:Konrad Witz
73:, now the
63:Mauritshuis
770:Categories
686:Sehepunkte
666:2015-04-15
360:, London.
225:B001SDC3RQ
169:, and the
476:Citations
390:497773642
371:Footnotes
55:The Hague
540:Sorenson
65:and the
715:1482507
263:3774408
121:Gestapo
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745:
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388:
310:Three
289:
281:1989.
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267:1985.
261:
223:
215:1958.
165:, the
153:Career
61:, the
711:JSTOR
259:JSTOR
101:Dürer
757:ISBN
743:ISBN
386:OCLC
287:ISBN
273:ISBN
221:ASIN
145:and
84:and
137:in
115:at
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