1139:, the Augsburg pattern changed into the so-called Old Bavarian pattern. The Ober and Unter of Acorns were now each armed with a sword and parrying dagger. The Ober and Unter of Leaves now carried a drum and fife respectively; from now on the drummer and fifer became the distinguishing feature of the Bavarian pattern. Obers and Unters of the same suit were armed, as in a fencing school, with the same weapons. In this period the number of cards was reduced from the former 48 (the One – Ace – had already disappeared) to 36 (the Three, Four and Five were removed; the Two or Deuce already outranked the King by that time), probably due to paper shortages. In the late 17th century, during the Turkish Wars, the Kings of Leaves and Acorns swapped their crowns for turbans. The Deuces depicted various scenes. The Deuce of Leaves had a pyramid with a unicorn, deer and eagle; the Deuce of Acorns depicted Bacchus, the Deuce of Bells had a wild boar being attacked by a hunting dog and, on the Deuce of Hearts was usually a Cupid. Around 1750 this pattern became widespread across the whole old Bavarian region. Smaller variations of this pattern became common in
977:) patterns are descended from the Old Bavarian pattern which itself goes back to the 15th-century Augsburg pattern. In all variants the Obers and Unters are portrayed as fighters, with the Ober and Unter of Leaves carrying a drum and fife respectively. Bavarian cards have an aspect ratio of roughly 2:1. In the non-reversible (Einfach) pattern which used to be commonplace, various pictorial designs were used, especially on the pip cards. These individual scenes are now only found on the Deuces (also called Twos, Sows, or Aces). Since the 1980s, Italian manufacturers have included 5s into their Salzburg decks to allow the German speaking South Tyroleans to play Italian card games that require 40 cards with suits they are more familiar with. Salzburg decks also inherited the "Weli" from its extinct sibling, the Tyrolean pattern. The Salzburg pattern remains non-reversible and lacks corner indices. Most games require only 32 cards by excluding the 6s such as
41:
804:
1260:
619:
910:
1088:
945:
1365:
672:
1248:
1154:
4445:
4704:
800:. A newer, more elaborate, variant emerged in the early 19th century. Both designs feature a great lion on the Acorn Deuce, lovers being surprised on the Deuce of Bells and the Unter of Bells holding a tame bird. The pip cards feature a range of ornamental scenes from animals, legendary and real, to biblical scenes. The latter fell away in the double-headed versions that came into vogue at the end of the 19th century and are still in production today.
4473:
4440:
4467:
1349:
4479:
4485:
778:
351:
33:
4941:
898:
1526:
1076:
933:
1113:
used for playing traditional regional games. The Knaves represent soldiers and hold spears, halberds or swords or, in the case of the suit of Leaves, are depicted playing a fife or drum. The Kings are seated and come with two suit marks like the Deuces. The pip cards have miniature scenes of animals or rural life. Today the pattern is still produced by Společnost Hrací Karty 1884.
390:
405:
631:
420:
375:
1112:
part of the Czech
Republic. It is closely related to the Salzburg pattern of Austria and thus is also descended from the Old Bavarian – one of the oldest German-suited packs – but there are only 32 cards in the pack, like the northern ones. The cards are single-headed and lack corner indices. and are
1226:
After the Second World War, the previously dominant non-reversible cards finally disappeared and were replaced by the reversible designs that are still widespread today. Non-reversible versions are occasionally reprinted but for the interest of collectors as opposed for gaming. For example, in 1980,
1169:
pattern changed after 1810 into the Modern
Bavarian pattern. A vase now appears on the Deuce of Leaves and the King of Acorns was given a crown again, leaving the King of Leaves as the only 'oriental' figure. The Ober of Heart has now exchanged his polearm for a sword on which he rests. The Ober and
1131:
pattern) of the present
Bavarian pattern pack and appeared around 1500. The four kings sitting on thrones are each accompanied by two armed servants. The Ober and Unter of Leaves are military musicians, the Ober is a bagpipe-playing fool; the Unter is playing a 'fanfare' or flute. The Ober and Unter
846:
set comprising 2 packs of 52 cards plus 2 jokers each. This limited edition of 1000 sets was sold out almost immediately and so, in 2019, ASS published a revised set taking account of customer feedback. Despite being German-suited, the cards featured Queens and Jacks instead of Obers and Unters. The
607:
566:
The Ace in German and Swiss German sets have a peculiar history. Aces disappeared from German decks during the 15th century. When the Ace was promoted above the King in French packs during the 16th century, the Deuce did so as well in
Germany leading to the conflation of the Ace and Deuce. This is
1425:
of
Austria began producing this deck in 1865, they changed two of the characters. The Aces or Deuces depict the four seasons which are also somewhat different in the Austrian and Hungarian versions. The Slovak-Moravian version follows the Austrian version but does not label the characters or the
127:
of Clubs, Spades, Hearts and
Diamonds. Today German-suited playing cards are common in south and east Germany, Austria, German-speaking Switzerland, Liechtenstein, north Italy, Hungary, Czech Republic, Slovakia, Slovenia, Croatia, Bosnia, northern Serbia (Vojvodina province), southern Poland and
169:
until at least 1783. The Aces had been dropped even earlier, probably by the 1470s, leaving the standard German pack with 48 cards; the Deuce being promoted into the gap left by the Ace. During the 18th century, the 48-card pack was further reduced to 36, although there is evidence of 48-card,
1426:
seasons. The Kings represent no one in particular and are shown mounted on horses. Except for the Aces, all pip cards have Roman numerals. The suit symbols are also slightly different, most notably the leaves are now half yellow and end with three tips. They come in packs of 32, 33 (with the
686:
The only traditional northern pattern still in regular production in
Germany is the Saxon pattern where only pip cards have corner indices. However, Saxon pattern cards of various designs have been produced for over 500 years for the German-speaking region bounded roughly by the
1186:
printed their own version of the
Bavarian pattern, which went back to a design by Frankfurt card manufacturer's Lennhoff & Heuser. The Kings, Obers and Unters were dressed in fantasy uniforms in the style of historicism. Essential distinguishing features of this
1430:), or 36 cards. They are sometimes called "Swiss cards" due to the nationality of the characters but this pattern is not used in Switzerland. In Hungary and other eastern European countries they are called "Hungarian cards" and only come in 32-card packs.
1545:
decks split cards diagonally with one half using the pattern with French suits and the other half using the pattern with German suits. This is not unique to
Germany as similar split decks are found in Austria, Switzerland and even France.
589:) which features their own unique artwork or number of cards. Some patterns are descended from much earlier ones like the Saxon pattern which can trace their ancestry to the 15th-century Stukeley type cards named after their identifier,
144:
lands around the late 1370s. The earliest cards were probably Latin-suited like those used in Italy and Spain. After much experimentation, the cards settled into the four aforementioned suits around 1450. Closely related
847:
Queens had also been designed by Krauss originally, but they were unpopular, and such version with Queens instead of Obers is otherwise no longer in print. In addition, there are Twos as well as Deuces (called Aces).
279:
They were also produced and used as far east as Russia until the early 20th century. German-suited decks are still well known all over these countries although they have been undergoing strong competition from
156:
German-suited packs originally had four court cards per suit (King, Queen, Ober and Unter), but the Queen was dropped in the early 16th century. The ten was often depicted with a banner and known as the
1276:
pattern was invented around 1865 by C.L. Wüst and bears many unique features. The kings were copied from French-suited patterns now found in the
Netherlands and Portugal. The Obers were inspired by the
1407:
around 1835. Schneider cut out sheets of 36 cards, applied the red, scarlet, blue, and brown colours to them using a template. He then painted the face, hands, and small ornaments of clothes by hand.
4122:
1864:
718:
The modern double-ended Saxon pattern is the product of a long evolution from the primitive Stukeley type cards imported from Nuremberg. Wolfgang Suma identified four stages of development:
573:(deuce). Confusion is avoided when the 7 or 6 became the lowest card in most packs during the 17th and 18th centuries. Players also avoid confusion by alternatively calling the Ace/Deuce a
1293:
in broad-brimmed hats. Unlike other German-suited patterns, the cards were only ever produced in double-headed format. A younger type of the Württemberg pattern, manufactured by
307:
began to use the Prussian pattern cards instead of the hitherto dominant Austrian pattern. Today, the most common pattern of cards used in much of Germany are the French-suited,
494:. Southern patterns have 36 cards by including the 6. In South Tyrol, 40-card, German-suited packs are still produced so that Italian games can be played with them. In 2019,
877:
in the early 1960s, while packs featuring it have been produced since 1963. or various types of Prussian double-headed pattern, are still produced as special editions.
1170:
Unter of Acorns now only carry one weapon, however, Ober of Acorns also carries an oval shield. This type, designed by Munich card maker, Josef Fetscher, draughted by
1300:
In the present, the cards are sold as a doubled pack of 48 cards (24 unique cards duplicated). The duplicated cards (7, 10, U, O, K, A of each suit) are used to play
4115:
838:, which added corner indices to every card but the Aces and cleverly changed the dimensions of the cards to match those of standard poker or rummy cards. In 2018,
796:, named after the crossed swords on the coat of arms of the Deuces of Acorns. Replicas of this early type are still made, for example the 1835 example produced by
3812:
3353:
770:) was the name of a game for which the precise rules are unknown. Ruimpf cards are believed to have originated in south Germany and destined for export to the
3343:
4108:
3348:
123:). The German suit system is one of the oldest, becoming standard around 1450 and, a few decades later, influencing the design of the now international
4950:
3392:
1859:
295:
being introduced through the movement of soldiers and they eventually ousted the German cards across large parts of the German nation. North of the
523:
first appeared around 1855 in the discontinued Tyrolean pattern and later the Salzburg and Tell patterns. The 7 of Bells is sometimes known as the
153:. The French suit symbols, well known internationally and especially in English-speaking countries, were derived from the German ones around 1480.
3638:
2546:
2346:
3291:
44:
Distribution of German and Swiss-German suits (orange) and French suits (blue) in Germany, Austria, South Tyrol, Switzerland and Liechtenstein.
3751:
2276:
563:. With the exception of the New Altenburg pattern, all cards with the rank of 10 include the Roman numeral X at the top centre of the card.
40:
4977:
4968:
4728:
3769:
3733:
2894:
1132:
of Hearts are armed with polearms, the Ober and Unter of Bells with swords, The Ober and Unter of Acorns carry a mace and bossed shield.
4259:
3673:
2485:
1182:
of the Bavarian pattern. It has been widely used thanks to its production by the playing-card manufacturers, F. X. Schmid. In 1882, the
803:
792:
The older variant of the Saxon single-headed pattern originated in Leipzig and Dresden in the early 19th century, being typified by the
165:; this survives in Swiss-suited cards, but died out in Germany in the mid-16th century, although it continued to be called by the name
5001:
3805:
3329:
3189:
3017:
2149:
2046:
1973:
1948:
1259:
3109:
2258:
4344:
4032:
4944:
4349:
3905:
3742:
3314:
3309:
2987:
1294:
4677:
4359:
4354:
4276:
4270:
4264:
3985:
3945:
3631:
3224:
2837:
2638:
2517:
2512:
2500:
1761:
1389:
which takes in much of Central and Southeastern Europe. The Ober and Unter cards depict William Tell and other characters from
2201:
1817:
1215:
In the 20th century, the pip and court cards were gradually marked with indices and the misprinting of Deuces with the letter
711:, "sword cards", referring to the two or three swords displayed on some of the cards, a symbol of the electoral status of the
4959:
3724:
3407:
2734:
762:) that was produced from the 16th to the 18th century, before being replaced by the Saxon pattern. Ruimpf or Ruempf (German:
548:
1894:
869:
of this pattern was produced in Poland up to the mid-1960s, when it was then replaced by a modification (usually called the
618:
3798:
3532:
3319:
4660:
4655:
4650:
4644:
4638:
4633:
4622:
4616:
4610:
4604:
4599:
4593:
4587:
4582:
4574:
4495:
3645:
3477:
2833:
2829:
1418:
4286:
4249:
4244:
4233:
4227:
4222:
4217:
4212:
4206:
4199:
4194:
4189:
4184:
4179:
4149:
3214:
3184:
2532:
2378:
2339:
1399:(the title character is Ober of Acorns). The play was written in 1804, its first Hungarian performance was in 1827 at
505:
In Bavaria, Austria and South Tyrol, the 6 of Bells (or sometimes the 7 of Bells where there is no 6) is known as the
150:
1313:
4448:
3324:
3007:
2784:
909:
1908:
3417:
3069:
1087:
944:
3286:
3276:
3154:
3134:
2952:
2749:
1321:
1541:, compromise decks were created to help players from around the country who were used to different suits. The
1433:
Here are the differences between the current iterations of the Hungarian (first given) and Austrian versions:
722:
Nuremberg pattern, Stukeley type, imported in the late 15th century. Later called Ruimpf cards after the game.
3281:
3129:
3079:
3059:
1386:
1312:. They used to be produced in 36 card packs (with every card unique), like other southern patterns, to play
664:, pattern. Most were originally produced with 36 cards but this was reduced to 32 cards after the spread of
1364:
842:(ASS) launched the first 52-card, German-suited pack to be manufactured for several centuries as part of a
4666:
4319:
3666:
3603:
2490:
2332:
1534:
1247:
516:
291:(1618–1648), German-suited cards were used in all German-speaking regions of Europe. However, the war saw
2972:
1410:
The characters from the drama were chosen to avoid censorship at the time of the Hungarian opposition to
4904:
4721:
4528:
4523:
4518:
4513:
4508:
4239:
4171:
3778:
3705:
3422:
3397:
3159:
3033:
2881:
2693:
2678:
2643:
2563:
2479:
2363:
1278:
439:
435:
671:
4911:
4556:
4453:
3874:
3847:
3829:
3697:
3488:
2729:
2715:
2703:
2683:
2633:
2495:
2440:
1880:
1796:
1538:
1136:
857:
Meanwhile, for over a century the Prussian pattern has been the most common German-suited pattern in
483:
448:
431:
288:
281:
1846:
1153:
4725:
4549:
3865:
3856:
3624:
3382:
2889:
2698:
2452:
2435:
2179:
1487:
1395:
1317:
467:
458:
443:
292:
146:
1227:
ASS produced a limited run of non-reversible packs of the Munich type for export to West Germany.
606:
17:
4538:
4358:
4353:
4348:
3984:
3944:
3904:
3659:
3012:
1460:
1390:
1162:
994:
540:
339:
202:
178:
124:
4747:
3519:
3514:
4804:
4685:
4533:
4343:
4031:
3565:
3553:
3509:
3402:
3363:
3249:
3209:
3038:
2977:
2457:
2374:
2313:
2296:
2272:
2254:
1554:
874:
774:. They were narrower than the almost square cards of the older Nuremberg pattern (see below).
174:
1604:
Nowadays Cluj-Napoca, but in 1804 it was transferring from Hungarian to Austrian sovereignty.
4918:
4871:
4503:
4296:
3617:
3610:
3575:
3454:
3335:
3268:
3199:
3139:
2648:
2506:
1925:
1290:
990:
728:
Schwerterkarte (Sword cards), first appeared 1800, became double-ended in late 19th century.
665:
590:
331:
1348:
170:
so-called 'Karniffel' packs being sold until the first half of the 19th century in places.
4767:
4543:
4309:
4254:
3239:
3234:
2932:
2568:
2445:
2397:
1868:
1765:
1664:
1542:
1481:
1140:
982:
839:
797:
712:
495:
335:
141:
1529:
An Austrian hybrid deck with the Tell pattern on top and the Vienna pattern on the bottom
1468:
36:
Tens of the Bavarian pattern in the four German suits of Acorns, Leaves, Hearts and Bells
1549:
The Turnierbild pack was created for official Skat tournaments, using the French suited
4925:
4762:
4444:
4084:
3760:
3652:
3558:
3538:
3493:
3434:
3387:
3219:
3174:
3169:
2792:
2710:
2604:
2527:
1550:
1273:
866:
777:
543:
game the top three cards following the respective trump ace are – in descending order:
490:) as indicated by its two suit symbols. Today, however, it is rarely if ever called a
308:
273:
213:
4757:
2119:
2103:
1759:"Gerd Matthes: Spielkartenforscher und Produktmanager der Altenburg Spielkartenfabrik"
350:
32:
4995:
4484:
4472:
4324:
3980:
3939:
3900:
3483:
3461:
3449:
3304:
3204:
3149:
3144:
2992:
2957:
2861:
2856:
2813:
2774:
2744:
2739:
2428:
2423:
2392:
2387:
2107:
2073:
1404:
1175:
862:
861:, though nowadays it is usually associated only with Skat, which is played mostly in
771:
696:
173:
German-suited cards spread throughout Europe into areas that were either part of the
96:
72:
60:
4100:
1758:
55:
used in many parts of Central Europe characterised by 32- or 36-card packs with the
4466:
4439:
4304:
4131:
4061:
4027:
3841:
3548:
3498:
3439:
3229:
3124:
3119:
3054:
3002:
2851:
2818:
2797:
2402:
2355:
2205:
1825:
1595:
which means "double German" and is a contraction for "double-headed German-suited".
1525:
1495:
835:
725:
Cavalier cards, developed in the first half of the 18th century probably in Leipzig
245:
108:
56:
52:
3064:
1508:
Summer, a young man resting on a haystack or a young woman haymaking with a sickle
1325:
897:
707:, the latter historically falling under Saxon rule. Historically they were called
1414:
rule. The story, after all, was about a successful revolt against the Habsburgs.
4478:
4281:
3690:
3524:
3471:
3466:
3412:
3194:
3084:
2962:
2846:
2522:
2090:
1400:
442:. The typical northern German pack has 32 cards ranking from 7, 8, 9, 10, Under
233:
1800:
1514:
Winter, an old man warming himself with fire or an old woman carrying firewood
1075:
932:
4838:
4810:
4703:
3790:
3580:
3570:
3444:
3244:
3114:
2937:
2869:
2618:
1301:
1282:
808:
319:
296:
2317:
2300:
2042:
1804:
4691:
4079:
3543:
3368:
3164:
3104:
2947:
2688:
2462:
1689:
1622:
1511:
Autumn, a boy drinking grape juice next to a vat or two boys treading grapes
1171:
1035:
Old Bavarian pattern (common predecessor) with variants in Poland and Russia
978:
747:
704:
327:
303:, was able to hold on. After its annexation by Prussia in the 18th century,
257:
1553:
but with German colours (green Spades and yellow Diamonds). The packs from
2308:
Suma, Wolfgang (August 1986). "The Oldest Pack of Leipzig Playing-Cards".
1208:
The Bacchus on the Deuce of Acorn has a beer mug instead of a wine goblet.
1195:
The Ober of Leaves carries the drum on his right knee instead of the left.
502:. However, uniquely, it had Queens and Jacks instead of Obers and Unters.
389:
4878:
4823:
4818:
4792:
4563:
3179:
2982:
2627:
2611:
2597:
2145:
1781:
1618:
1411:
1305:
843:
499:
265:
261:
186:
1993:
1969:
1944:
1324:
has published a 48 card version, in which every card is unique, to play
699:
to the south. This region is represented by the modern German states of
4866:
4861:
4628:
3503:
3074:
2997:
2581:
2574:
1803:
pictures of the second (present) design with queens from third design:
1422:
1328:. It uses the younger type and is mislabelled as the Bavarian pattern.
1109:
404:
315:
304:
300:
269:
241:
225:
221:
217:
209:
198:
194:
190:
822:
These older northern patterns have been eclipsed by the double-headed
630:
4884:
4843:
4833:
4828:
4786:
4741:
4731:
4707:
4697:
2967:
2899:
2661:
2654:
2590:
2557:
1614:
1582:
In the Moravian part of the Czech Republic, Tell cards are preferred.
1316:. This was the original format, but by 1985 it was restricted to the
1309:
858:
743:
700:
323:
311:, although German-suited cards are also widely used in some regions.
253:
237:
182:
1573:
The current double-ended Saxon cards first appeared about 1910–1920.
419:
374:
2942:
1797:
http://www.altacarta.com/english/research/germany-DDR-pattern.html
1524:
1286:
1199:
1152:
802:
776:
692:
670:
349:
249:
229:
39:
31:
2269:
Trommler und Pfeifer: Die Geschichte der Bayerischen Spielkarten.
2180:"Doppeldeutsch: Wilhelm Tell und die Ungarn (Tell cards history)"
4798:
4314:
4089:
4018:
4011:
2721:
2324:
1355:
986:
688:
569:
567:
why in most packs the Ace depicts two pips and is also called a
507:
4104:
3794:
2328:
2291:
Suma, Wolfgang (August 1979). "Sachsenkarte – Schwerterkarte".
1205:
The Ober of Acorns has a pointed shield instead of an oval one.
2418:
1923:
Hausler, Manfred (2006). "From Schongau to Saint Petersburg".
498:
produced a double 52-card, German-suited pack for the game of
475:
314:
Traditional card games in which German suits are used include
2008:
430:
German suited decks tend to have fewer cards than either the
2063:. Leinfelden: Deutsches Spielkarten-Museum. pp. 61–114.
418:
403:
388:
373:
1421:
in 1848–49, the Austrian government confiscated the cards.
1650:. Nuremberg: Germanischen Nationalmuseums. pp. 19–21.
1127:
pattern was one of the two ancestors (the other being the
2282:
Kranich, Jurgen; Radau, Sigmar; Schlede, Stefan (2009).
1053:
Regensburg pattern (predecessor of the Bohemian pattern)
1505:
Spring, a young woman picking flowers (different poses)
1297:
and others using different court designs, also exists.
1184:
United Altenburger und Stralsunder Spielkarten-Fabriken
1041:
Isarkreis pattern (predecessor of the Salzburg pattern)
2076:
at Meine Spielkarten Seite. Retrieved 9 December 2017.
1178:, and manufactured around 1854, is known today as the
652:
pattern, in old, new and double-figured variants, the
456:
i.e. subordinate, underling or sergeant), Over Knave (
1712:
1710:
1403:
and the first decks were made by József Schneider of
1108:) pattern pack is the standard one still used in the
834:, created by Walter Krauss (1908–1985) in the former
539:
being the higher card. For instance, in the Bavarian
1899:
at www.stadt-altenburg.de. Retrieved 27 August 2019.
4894:
4854:
4776:
4720:
4676:
4573:
4494:
4462:
4337:
4295:
4170:
4148:
4072:
3828:
3682:
3596:
3589:
3376:
3362:
3267:
3258:
3097:
3047:
3026:
2925:
2916:
2880:
2827:
2806:
2783:
2765:
2758:
2671:
2545:
2471:
2411:
2373:
2362:
2162:
2160:
2158:
2202:"Andy's Playing Cards – Shapes, Sizes and Colours"
1191:of the Bavarian pattern from its Munich type are:
482:) for a total of 32 cards. The "Ace" is really a
208:This area is now distributed in modern states of
1688:several times in its description of the game of
1871:at www.thueringen24.de. Retrieved 16 June 2019.
1861:Welterstes Rommé-Blatt aus Thüringen erschienen
299:only the Prussian-Silesian pattern, common in
4116:
3806:
3354:Worshipful Company of Makers of Playing Cards
2340:
1135:In the middle of the 17th century, after the
668:. In northern patterns, the acorns are red.
8:
2312:. Vol. 15, no. 1. pp. 19–24.
1913:at www.abg-info.de. Retrieved 27 August 2019
1801:http://www.altacarta.com/overview/DDR-d.html
2124:at i-p-c-s.org. Retrieved 4 September 2021.
981:. Games that require the full deck include
4702:
4491:
4443:
4438:
4167:
4123:
4109:
4101:
3813:
3799:
3791:
3593:
3373:
3349:Saga Arashiyama Museum of Arts and Culture
3264:
2922:
2762:
2370:
2347:
2333:
2325:
2295:. Vol. 8, no. 1. pp. 1–19.
1805:http://www.altacarta.com/overview/DDR.html
1032:Ansbach or Nuremberg (narrow type) pattern
466:i.e. superordinate, overlord or officer),
1659:
1657:
1016:Salzburg pattern - in Austria called the
535:and they are of comparable use, with the
4142:Historical patterns are shown in italics
1786:at i-p-c-s.org. Retrieved 18 April 2021.
1435:
1295:the Nuremberg Playing Card Company (NSV)
731:East German pattern, designed 1963–1964.
360:
4427:
3639:The Card Sharp with the Ace of Diamonds
2133:
2015:. Společnost Playing card company. 2022
1998:at wopc.co.uk. Retrieved 16 April 2021.
1701:
1638:
1566:
547:(= the King of Hearts, nicknamed after
51:are a very common style of traditional
3292:International Skat Players Association
1727:
1725:
1613:This is because the French regions of
3393:Blackstone's Card Trick Without Cards
1716:
1021:
1020:("einfachdeutsch") as opposed to the
585:Many regions have their own pattern (
7:
2166:
1848:Alta Carta: The DDR Pattern (German)
1740:Kranich, Radau & Schlede (2009).
1671:. London: Duckworth. pp. 10–29.
1050:Nuremberg Eagle (coat of arms) cards
1028:Patterns that have ceased printing:
3674:Violin and Playing Cards on a Table
1818:"Patterns from former East Germany"
1385:, is popular throughout the former
1381:, Hungarian, in Austria called the
1007:Bavarian Doppelbild, Stralsund type
4397:
3344:Musée Français de la Carte à Jouer
3330:International Playing-Card Society
3018:United States Playing Card Company
2150:International Playing-Card Society
2047:International Playing-Card Society
1974:International Playing-Card Society
1949:International Playing-Card Society
599:Unters of Acorns in Northern decks
25:
18:William Tell pattern playing cards
4421:
2286:. Berlin: Studien zur Spielkarte.
2009:"Společnost Playing card company"
1799:pictures of the original design:
1795:further history of this pattern:
1648:Altdeutsche Spielkarten 1500–1650
1401:Kolozsvár (Austrian: Klausenburg)
1157:Unter of Acorns, Bavarian pattern
1000:Patterns that are still printed:
4940:
4939:
4483:
4477:
4471:
4465:
4433:
4391:
4357:
4352:
4347:
4342:
4153:
4030:
3983:
3943:
3903:
3315:Fournier Museum of Playing Cards
3310:Cary Collection of Playing Cards
2229:The Playing Card and its History
1882:Pattern example on picture no. 4
1363:
1347:
1258:
1246:
1086:
1074:
1004:Bavarian Doppelbild, Munich type
943:
931:
908:
896:
629:
617:
605:
4951:Playing card packs by geography
4385:
3632:Card Players in a Rich Interior
2244:]. Hanover: Schmidt-Küster.
2087:Deutsche Bilder-Deutsche Farben
1822:Andy's Playing Cards (archived)
1341:Tell pattern (Central European)
1219:, instead of the more accurate
750:there was also a pack known as
4594:Spanish National (Old Catalan)
4162:
4159:
2110:. Retrieved 12 September 2015.
1320:where it eventually died out.
1211:The Cupid has butterfly wings.
648:Northern patterns include the
1:
4411:
4404:
4379:
4374:
4368:
4156:
3533:The Phantom of the Card Table
3320:German Doppelkopf Association
2988:Nürnberger-Spielkarten-Verlag
1419:Hungarian War of Independence
1047:Nuremberg pattern (wide type)
1010:Franconian reversible pattern
656:pattern and the two types of
284:since the late 17th-century.
128:central and western Romania.
3752:Patience and solitaire games
3646:Cardplayers in a Sunlit Room
3478:The Expert at the Card Table
1896:Skat-Andenken im Museumsshop
1625:) were once German territory
1198:The Unter of Acorns wears a
1013:Bohemian (or Prague) pattern
4978:Tarot and Tarock card games
4969:Non trick-taking card games
3822:German-suited playing cards
3770:Tarot and Tarock card games
3734:Non trick-taking card games
3215:Richard Valentine Pitchford
3185:Master of the Playing Cards
2284:Schwerdterkarten Band vol 1
2152:. Retrieved 9 October 2016.
2074:Würtembergisches Doppelbild
2049:. Retrieved 9 October 2016.
527:and the 7 of Acorns as the
151:German-speaking Switzerland
49:German-suited playing cards
5018:
4416:
3325:German Playing Card Museum
2231:]. Budapest: Gondolat.
2225:A játékkártya és története
1521:Franco-German hybrid decks
5002:Playing card suit systems
4935:
4139:
4026:
3979:
3938:
3899:
3894:
3891:
3888:
3885:
3882:
3873:
3864:
3855:
3846:
3840:
3719:
2267:Hausler, Manfred (2010).
2249:Dummett, Michael (1980).
1910:Sonderbriefmarken sind da
1646:Hoffmann, Detlef (1993).
1253:Courts: old and new types
515:which is often used as a
27:Card deck used in Germany
3287:International Skat Court
3277:British Skat Association
2238:Spielen und Kartenspiele
1539:reunification of Germany
1314:Württembergischer Tarock
1149:Modern Bavarian patterns
1038:Bavarian-Swabian pattern
4829:Harifuda & Hikifuda
3743:Trick-taking card games
3282:German Skat Association
3060:Bielefelder Spielkarten
2121:Austrian pattern sheets
2033:Hausler (2010), p. 117.
1764:4 December 2022 at the
1557:also used this scheme.
1387:Austro-Hungarian Empire
4896:Historical suit-system
4605:Modern Spanish Catalan
4080:Face card / Court card
3667:Still Life with a Poem
2870:Guru (circular whirls)
2223:Benő, Zsoldos (1980).
2061:All Cards on the Table
1945:"Old Bavarian pattern"
1731:Suma (1979), pp. 1–16.
1530:
1459:Kuoni the shepherd or
1158:
957:The 36 card Bavarian (
873:pattern), designed by
867:regular German version
812:
782:
676:
423:
408:
393:
378:
358:
357:(Deuce) of Bells, 1573
276:), bordering Hungary.
45:
37:
4960:Historical card games
4905:Ambraser Hofjagdspiel
4260:Archaeology awareness
3725:Historical card games
3706:Play Your Cards Right
3423:Twenty-One Card Trick
3398:The Circus Card Trick
3160:Johann Kaspar Hechtel
2486:Archaeology awareness
2480:Ambraser Hofjagdspiel
2253:. London: Duckworth.
2236:Braun, Franz (1966).
2089:. Prien am Chiemsee:
2059:Mann, Sylvia (1990).
1970:"Later Tyrol pattern"
1684:(1783) refers to the
1528:
1486:Stüssi the Ranger or
1383:Double German pattern
1354:Full deck; note the "
1285:decks used in nearby
1156:
1022:Double German pattern
1018:Single German pattern
993:and some versions of
807:East German pattern (
806:
780:
674:
422:
407:
392:
377:
353:
140:) originally entered
43:
35:
4912:Flemish Hunting Deck
4454:Polish playing cards
4134:packs by suit system
3489:History of cardistry
2973:J.O. Öberg & Son
2496:Flemish Hunting Deck
2242:Games and Card Games
2208:on 21 February 2009.
1867:16 June 2019 at the
1591:Known in Austria as
1358:" on the 6 of Bells.
1161:In the newly formed
549:Bavaria's first King
282:French playing cards
4550:Tarot of Marseilles
4407:(Prussian-Silesian)
4320:Industrie und Glück
3683:Film and television
3625:The Card Players II
3383:The Acme of Control
2146:Tell pattern type 1
2093:. 1985. p. 21.
2043:Württemberg pattern
1749:Suma (1986), p. 19.
1682:Der Teutsche Merkur
1488:Arnold von Melchtal
1240:Württemberg pattern
832:East German pattern
818:East German pattern
293:French-suited cards
268:, and southwestern
244:(in the regions of
147:Swiss playing cards
4539:Tarocco Piemontese
4529:Primiera Bolognese
3660:Dogs Playing Poker
3225:Johann Georg Rauch
3013:U.S. Games Systems
2375:Playing card suits
1770:Leipziger Seenland
1531:
1461:Werner Stauffacher
1391:Friedrich Schiller
1163:Kingdom of Bavaria
1159:
890:Franconian pattern
813:
783:
695:rivers and by the
677:
424:
409:
394:
379:
359:
272:(in the region of
256:(in the region of
232:(in the region of
203:Kingdom of Hungary
179:Kingdom of Bavaria
125:French suit system
46:
38:
4989:
4988:
4716:
4715:
4686:Tarocco Siciliano
4583:Castilian pattern
4557:Tarot de Besançon
4534:Tarocco Bolognese
4333:
4332:
4277:Most-wanted Iraqi
4265:Hamas most wanted
4190:Dondorf Rhineland
4098:
4097:
4067:
4066:
3788:
3787:
3715:
3714:
3566:Si Stebbins stack
3430:
3429:
3408:Out of This World
3403:The Four Burglars
3364:Card manipulation
3300:
3299:
3250:Fusajiro Yamauchi
3210:Ferdinand Piatnik
3093:
3092:
2912:
2911:
2639:Portuguese-suited
2541:
2540:
2518:Most-wanted Iraqi
2501:Hamas most wanted
2458:Curse of Scotland
2277:978-3-937200-89-7
2251:The Game of Tarot
1816:Pollett, Andrea.
1704:, pp. 23–25.
1669:The Game of Tarot
1518:
1517:
1137:Thirty Years' War
1024:("doppeldeutsch")
875:Franciszek Bunsch
662:Prussian-Silesian
428:
427:
289:Thirty Years' War
175:Holy Roman Empire
16:(Redirected from
5009:
4982:
4976:
4973:
4967:
4964:
4958:
4955:
4949:
4943:
4942:
4872:Dashabatar Cards
4706:
4617:Parisian Spanish
4492:
4487:
4481:
4475:
4469:
4447:
4442:
4361:
4356:
4351:
4346:
4202:(Anglo-American)
4168:
4164:
4161:
4158:
4155:
4125:
4118:
4111:
4102:
4034:
3987:
3948:
3947:
3907:
3838:
3837:
3830:Standard 36-card
3815:
3808:
3801:
3792:
3783:
3777:
3774:
3768:
3765:
3759:
3756:
3750:
3747:
3741:
3738:
3732:
3729:
3723:
3618:The Card Players
3611:The Bezique Game
3594:
3576:Three-card monte
3455:Cards in the hat
3374:
3336:The Playing-Card
3265:
3200:Samuel J. Murray
3140:Thierry Depaulis
2923:
2807:German and Swiss
2763:
2569:Four-colour pack
2371:
2349:
2342:
2335:
2326:
2321:
2310:The Playing-Card
2304:
2293:The Playing-Card
2287:
2264:
2245:
2232:
2210:
2209:
2204:. Archived from
2198:
2192:
2191:
2189:
2187:
2176:
2170:
2164:
2153:
2143:
2137:
2131:
2125:
2117:
2111:
2101:
2095:
2094:
2083:
2077:
2071:
2065:
2064:
2056:
2050:
2040:
2034:
2031:
2025:
2024:
2022:
2020:
2005:
1999:
1995:Bohemian Pattern
1991:
1985:
1984:
1982:
1980:
1966:
1960:
1959:
1957:
1955:
1941:
1935:
1934:
1926:The Playing-Card
1920:
1914:
1906:
1900:
1892:
1886:
1878:
1872:
1857:
1851:
1844:
1838:
1837:
1835:
1833:
1824:. Archived from
1813:
1807:
1793:
1787:
1783:Pattern Sheet 52
1779:
1773:
1772:, 2/2012, p. 69.
1756:
1750:
1747:
1741:
1738:
1732:
1729:
1720:
1714:
1705:
1699:
1693:
1679:
1673:
1672:
1665:Dummett, Michael
1661:
1652:
1651:
1643:
1626:
1611:
1605:
1602:
1596:
1589:
1583:
1580:
1574:
1571:
1492:Ulrich of Rudenz
1436:
1367:
1351:
1334:Central European
1262:
1250:
1090:
1078:
1068:Bohemian pattern
1056:Tyrolean pattern
947:
935:
925:Salzburg pattern
912:
900:
853:Prussian pattern
633:
621:
609:
591:William Stukeley
361:
220:, south east of
21:
5017:
5016:
5012:
5011:
5010:
5008:
5007:
5006:
4992:
4991:
4990:
4985:
4980:
4974:
4971:
4965:
4962:
4956:
4953:
4947:
4931:
4890:
4850:
4778:
4772:
4724:
4712:
4672:
4569:
4464:
4458:
4341:
4329:
4310:Bourgeois Tarot
4291:
4255:Four-color deck
4185:Belgian-Genoese
4152:
4144:
4135:
4129:
4099:
4094:
4068:
3942:
3831:
3824:
3819:
3789:
3784:
3781:
3775:
3772:
3766:
3763:
3757:
3754:
3748:
3745:
3739:
3736:
3730:
3727:
3721:
3711:
3678:
3585:
3426:
3366:
3358:
3296:
3260:
3254:
3240:Charles Troedel
3235:Howard Thurston
3155:Richard Harding
3089:
3070:Charles Goodall
3043:
3022:
2933:ASS Altenburger
2918:
2908:
2905:Tens of Myriads
2895:Strings of Cash
2882:Chinese (Money)
2876:
2823:
2802:
2779:
2754:
2667:
2548:
2537:
2467:
2446:Queen of spades
2407:
2365:
2358:
2353:
2307:
2290:
2281:
2261:
2248:
2235:
2222:
2219:
2214:
2213:
2200:
2199:
2195:
2185:
2183:
2178:
2177:
2173:
2165:
2156:
2144:
2140:
2132:
2128:
2118:
2114:
2102:
2098:
2085:
2084:
2080:
2072:
2068:
2058:
2057:
2053:
2041:
2037:
2032:
2028:
2018:
2016:
2007:
2006:
2002:
1992:
1988:
1978:
1976:
1968:
1967:
1963:
1953:
1951:
1943:
1942:
1938:
1922:
1921:
1917:
1907:
1903:
1893:
1889:
1879:
1875:
1869:Wayback Machine
1858:
1854:
1845:
1841:
1831:
1829:
1828:on 5 March 2008
1815:
1814:
1810:
1794:
1790:
1780:
1776:
1766:Wayback Machine
1757:
1753:
1748:
1744:
1739:
1735:
1730:
1723:
1715:
1708:
1700:
1696:
1680:
1676:
1663:
1662:
1655:
1645:
1644:
1640:
1635:
1630:
1629:
1612:
1608:
1603:
1599:
1590:
1586:
1581:
1577:
1572:
1568:
1563:
1523:
1482:Hermann Gessler
1375:
1374:
1373:
1372:
1371:
1370:Unter of Acorns
1368:
1360:
1359:
1352:
1343:
1342:
1336:
1270:
1269:
1268:
1267:
1266:
1265:Unter of Acorns
1263:
1255:
1254:
1251:
1242:
1241:
1235:
1151:
1141:Congress Poland
1121:
1098:
1097:
1096:
1095:
1094:
1093:Unter of Acorns
1091:
1083:
1082:
1079:
1070:
1069:
1044:Lemberg pattern
983:Bavarian Tarock
975:einfachdeutsche
955:
954:
953:
952:
951:
950:Unter of Acorns
948:
940:
939:
936:
927:
926:
920:
919:
918:
917:
916:
915:Unter of Acorns
913:
905:
904:
901:
892:
891:
885:
855:
840:ASS Altenburger
820:
790:
740:
713:dukes of Saxony
684:
646:
641:
640:
639:
638:
637:
634:
626:
625:
622:
614:
613:
610:
601:
600:
583:
496:ASS Altenburger
417:
415:
402:
400:
387:
385:
372:
370:
348:
336:Bavarian Tarock
142:German-speaking
136:Playing cards (
134:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
5015:
5013:
5005:
5004:
4994:
4993:
4987:
4986:
4984:
4983:
4936:
4933:
4932:
4930:
4929:
4926:Stuttgart pack
4922:
4915:
4908:
4900:
4898:
4892:
4891:
4889:
4888:
4881:
4876:
4875:
4874:
4869:
4858:
4856:
4852:
4851:
4849:
4848:
4847:
4846:
4841:
4834:E-awase Karuta
4831:
4826:
4821:
4816:
4815:
4814:
4807:
4802:
4790:
4782:
4780:
4777:Single-suited/
4774:
4773:
4771:
4770:
4765:
4760:
4755:
4750:
4745:
4737:
4735:
4718:
4717:
4714:
4713:
4711:
4710:
4700:
4695:
4688:
4682:
4680:
4674:
4673:
4671:
4670:
4663:
4658:
4653:
4648:
4645:Madrid pattern
4641:
4636:
4631:
4626:
4623:Franco-Spanish
4619:
4614:
4611:French Catalan
4607:
4602:
4597:
4590:
4585:
4579:
4577:
4571:
4570:
4568:
4567:
4560:
4553:
4546:
4541:
4536:
4531:
4526:
4521:
4516:
4511:
4506:
4500:
4498:
4489:
4460:
4459:
4457:
4456:
4451:
4436:
4431:
4424:
4419:
4414:
4409:
4401:
4395:
4388:
4383:
4377:
4372:
4364:
4362:
4335:
4334:
4331:
4330:
4328:
4327:
4322:
4317:
4312:
4307:
4301:
4299:
4293:
4292:
4290:
4289:
4287:Transformation
4284:
4279:
4274:
4271:Jerry's Nugget
4267:
4262:
4257:
4252:
4247:
4242:
4237:
4230:
4225:
4220:
4218:Modern Swedish
4215:
4210:
4203:
4197:
4192:
4187:
4182:
4176:
4174:
4165:
4146:
4145:
4140:
4137:
4136:
4130:
4128:
4127:
4120:
4113:
4105:
4096:
4095:
4093:
4092:
4087:
4082:
4076:
4074:
4070:
4069:
4065:
4064:
4059:
4056:
4053:
4050:
4047:
4044:
4041:
4038:
4035:
4024:
4023:
4016:
4009:
4006:
4003:
4000:
3997:
3994:
3991:
3988:
3977:
3976:
3973:
3970:
3967:
3964:
3961:
3958:
3955:
3952:
3949:
3936:
3935:
3932:
3929:
3926:
3923:
3920:
3917:
3914:
3911:
3908:
3897:
3896:
3893:
3890:
3887:
3884:
3881:
3872:
3863:
3854:
3845:
3836:
3834:
3826:
3825:
3820:
3818:
3817:
3810:
3803:
3795:
3786:
3785:
3720:
3717:
3716:
3713:
3712:
3710:
3709:
3702:
3694:
3686:
3684:
3680:
3679:
3677:
3670:
3663:
3656:
3653:The Cardsharps
3649:
3642:
3635:
3628:
3621:
3614:
3607:
3600:
3598:
3591:
3587:
3586:
3584:
3583:
3578:
3573:
3568:
3563:
3562:
3561:
3556:
3551:
3541:
3539:Second dealing
3536:
3529:
3528:
3527:
3522:
3517:
3512:
3501:
3496:
3494:House of cards
3491:
3486:
3481:
3474:
3469:
3464:
3459:
3458:
3457:
3447:
3442:
3437:
3435:Bottom dealing
3431:
3428:
3427:
3425:
3420:
3415:
3410:
3405:
3400:
3395:
3390:
3388:Ambitious Card
3385:
3380:
3378:
3371:
3360:
3359:
3357:
3356:
3351:
3346:
3341:
3340:
3339:
3327:
3322:
3317:
3312:
3307:
3301:
3298:
3297:
3295:
3294:
3289:
3284:
3279:
3273:
3271:
3262:
3256:
3255:
3253:
3252:
3247:
3242:
3237:
3232:
3227:
3222:
3220:Franco Pratesi
3217:
3212:
3207:
3202:
3197:
3192:
3187:
3182:
3177:
3172:
3170:Sekiryo Kaneda
3167:
3162:
3157:
3152:
3147:
3142:
3137:
3132:
3127:
3122:
3117:
3112:
3107:
3101:
3099:
3098:Notable people
3095:
3094:
3091:
3090:
3088:
3087:
3082:
3077:
3072:
3067:
3062:
3057:
3051:
3049:
3045:
3044:
3042:
3041:
3036:
3030:
3028:
3024:
3023:
3021:
3020:
3015:
3010:
3005:
3000:
2995:
2990:
2985:
2980:
2975:
2970:
2965:
2960:
2955:
2950:
2945:
2940:
2935:
2929:
2927:
2920:
2914:
2913:
2910:
2909:
2907:
2906:
2903:
2897:
2892:
2886:
2884:
2878:
2877:
2875:
2874:
2873:
2872:
2864:
2859:
2854:
2849:
2843:
2841:
2825:
2824:
2822:
2821:
2816:
2810:
2808:
2804:
2803:
2801:
2800:
2795:
2789:
2787:
2781:
2780:
2778:
2777:
2771:
2769:
2760:
2756:
2755:
2753:
2752:
2747:
2742:
2737:
2732:
2727:
2726:
2725:
2718:
2708:
2707:
2706:
2701:
2696:
2686:
2681:
2675:
2673:
2669:
2668:
2666:
2665:
2658:
2651:
2646:
2641:
2636:
2631:
2624:
2623:
2622:
2615:
2608:
2605:Hyakunin Isshu
2601:
2587:
2586:
2585:
2571:
2566:
2561:
2553:
2551:
2543:
2542:
2539:
2538:
2536:
2535:
2533:Transformation
2530:
2528:Stuttgart pack
2525:
2520:
2515:
2513:Jerry's Nugget
2510:
2503:
2498:
2493:
2488:
2483:
2475:
2473:
2472:Specific decks
2469:
2468:
2466:
2465:
2460:
2455:
2450:
2449:
2448:
2438:
2433:
2432:
2431:
2426:
2415:
2413:
2409:
2408:
2406:
2405:
2400:
2395:
2390:
2384:
2382:
2368:
2360:
2359:
2354:
2352:
2351:
2344:
2337:
2329:
2323:
2322:
2305:
2288:
2279:
2271:Munich: Volk.
2265:
2259:
2246:
2233:
2218:
2215:
2212:
2211:
2193:
2171:
2154:
2138:
2126:
2112:
2096:
2078:
2066:
2051:
2035:
2026:
2000:
1986:
1961:
1936:
1915:
1901:
1887:
1873:
1852:
1839:
1808:
1788:
1774:
1751:
1742:
1733:
1721:
1706:
1694:
1674:
1653:
1637:
1636:
1634:
1631:
1628:
1627:
1606:
1597:
1593:doppeldeutsche
1584:
1575:
1565:
1564:
1562:
1559:
1555:Grimaud Junior
1551:Berlin pattern
1522:
1519:
1516:
1515:
1512:
1509:
1506:
1503:
1499:
1498:
1493:
1490:
1484:
1479:
1475:
1474:
1473:Rudolf Harras
1471:
1466:
1463:
1457:
1453:
1452:
1449:
1446:
1443:
1440:
1369:
1362:
1361:
1353:
1346:
1345:
1344:
1340:
1339:
1338:
1337:
1335:
1332:
1264:
1257:
1256:
1252:
1245:
1244:
1243:
1239:
1238:
1237:
1236:
1234:
1231:
1213:
1212:
1209:
1206:
1203:
1196:
1189:Stralsund type
1150:
1147:
1120:
1117:
1092:
1085:
1084:
1080:
1073:
1072:
1071:
1067:
1066:
1065:
1064:
1061:
1060:
1059:Polish pattern
1057:
1054:
1051:
1048:
1045:
1042:
1039:
1036:
1033:
1026:
1025:
1014:
1011:
1008:
1005:
949:
942:
941:
937:
930:
929:
928:
924:
923:
922:
921:
914:
907:
906:
902:
895:
894:
893:
889:
888:
887:
886:
884:
881:
854:
851:
819:
816:
811:picture cards)
794:Schwerterkarte
789:
788:Schwerterkarte
786:
739:
736:
733:
732:
729:
726:
723:
709:Schwerterkarte
683:
680:
675:Stukeley cards
645:
642:
635:
628:
627:
623:
616:
615:
611:
604:
603:
602:
598:
597:
596:
595:
582:
579:
426:
425:
410:
395:
380:
365:
347:
344:
309:Berlin pattern
274:Transcarpathia
214:Czech Republic
133:
130:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
5014:
5003:
5000:
4999:
4997:
4979:
4970:
4961:
4952:
4946:
4938:
4937:
4934:
4928:
4927:
4923:
4921:
4920:
4919:Hofämterspiel
4916:
4914:
4913:
4909:
4907:
4906:
4902:
4901:
4899:
4897:
4893:
4887:
4886:
4882:
4880:
4877:
4873:
4870:
4868:
4865:
4864:
4863:
4860:
4859:
4857:
4853:
4845:
4842:
4840:
4837:
4836:
4835:
4832:
4830:
4827:
4825:
4822:
4820:
4817:
4813:
4812:
4808:
4806:
4803:
4801:
4800:
4796:
4795:
4794:
4791:
4789:
4788:
4784:
4783:
4781:
4775:
4769:
4766:
4764:
4761:
4759:
4756:
4754:
4751:
4749:
4746:
4744:
4743:
4739:
4738:
4736:
4733:
4730:
4727:
4723:
4719:
4709:
4705:
4701:
4699:
4696:
4694:
4693:
4689:
4687:
4684:
4683:
4681:
4679:
4675:
4669:
4668:
4664:
4662:
4659:
4657:
4654:
4652:
4649:
4647:
4646:
4642:
4640:
4637:
4635:
4632:
4630:
4627:
4625:
4624:
4620:
4618:
4615:
4613:
4612:
4608:
4606:
4603:
4601:
4600:Cádiz pattern
4598:
4596:
4595:
4591:
4589:
4586:
4584:
4581:
4580:
4578:
4576:
4572:
4566:
4565:
4561:
4559:
4558:
4554:
4552:
4551:
4547:
4545:
4542:
4540:
4537:
4535:
4532:
4530:
4527:
4525:
4522:
4520:
4517:
4515:
4512:
4510:
4507:
4505:
4502:
4501:
4499:
4497:
4493:
4490:
4486:
4480:
4474:
4468:
4461:
4455:
4452:
4450:
4446:
4441:
4437:
4435:
4432:
4430:
4429:
4425:
4423:
4420:
4418:
4415:
4413:
4410:
4408:
4406:
4402:
4400:(East German)
4399:
4398:New Altenburg
4396:
4394:
4393:
4389:
4387:
4384:
4381:
4378:
4376:
4373:
4371:
4370:
4366:
4365:
4363:
4360:
4355:
4350:
4345:
4340:
4336:
4326:
4325:Tarot Nouveau
4323:
4321:
4318:
4316:
4313:
4311:
4308:
4306:
4303:
4302:
4300:
4298:
4294:
4288:
4285:
4283:
4280:
4278:
4275:
4273:
4272:
4268:
4266:
4263:
4261:
4258:
4256:
4253:
4251:
4248:
4246:
4243:
4241:
4238:
4236:
4235:
4231:
4229:
4226:
4224:
4221:
4219:
4216:
4214:
4211:
4209:
4208:
4204:
4201:
4198:
4196:
4193:
4191:
4188:
4186:
4183:
4181:
4178:
4177:
4175:
4173:
4169:
4166:
4151:
4147:
4143:
4138:
4133:
4126:
4121:
4119:
4114:
4112:
4107:
4106:
4103:
4091:
4088:
4086:
4083:
4081:
4078:
4077:
4075:
4071:
4063:
4060:
4057:
4054:
4051:
4048:
4045:
4042:
4039:
4036:
4033:
4029:
4025:
4022:
4021:
4017:
4015:
4014:
4010:
4007:
4004:
4001:
3998:
3995:
3992:
3989:
3986:
3982:
3978:
3974:
3971:
3968:
3965:
3962:
3959:
3956:
3953:
3950:
3946:
3941:
3937:
3933:
3930:
3927:
3924:
3921:
3918:
3915:
3912:
3909:
3906:
3902:
3898:
3880:
3878:
3871:
3869:
3862:
3860:
3853:
3851:
3843:
3839:
3835:
3833:
3827:
3823:
3816:
3811:
3809:
3804:
3802:
3797:
3796:
3793:
3780:
3771:
3762:
3753:
3744:
3735:
3726:
3718:
3708:
3707:
3703:
3700:
3699:
3698:Playing Cards
3695:
3693:
3692:
3688:
3687:
3685:
3681:
3676:
3675:
3671:
3669:
3668:
3664:
3662:
3661:
3657:
3655:
3654:
3650:
3648:
3647:
3643:
3641:
3640:
3636:
3634:
3633:
3629:
3627:
3626:
3622:
3620:
3619:
3615:
3613:
3612:
3608:
3606:
3605:
3601:
3599:
3595:
3592:
3590:Art and media
3588:
3582:
3579:
3577:
3574:
3572:
3569:
3567:
3564:
3560:
3557:
3555:
3552:
3550:
3547:
3546:
3545:
3542:
3540:
3537:
3535:
3534:
3530:
3526:
3523:
3521:
3518:
3516:
3513:
3511:
3508:
3507:
3505:
3502:
3500:
3497:
3495:
3492:
3490:
3487:
3485:
3484:Herrmann pass
3482:
3480:
3479:
3475:
3473:
3470:
3468:
3465:
3463:
3462:Cardistry-Con
3460:
3456:
3453:
3452:
3451:
3450:Card throwing
3448:
3446:
3443:
3441:
3438:
3436:
3433:
3432:
3424:
3421:
3419:
3416:
3414:
3411:
3409:
3406:
3404:
3401:
3399:
3396:
3394:
3391:
3389:
3386:
3384:
3381:
3379:
3375:
3372:
3370:
3365:
3361:
3355:
3352:
3350:
3347:
3345:
3342:
3338:
3337:
3333:
3332:
3331:
3328:
3326:
3323:
3321:
3318:
3316:
3313:
3311:
3308:
3306:
3305:52 Plus Joker
3303:
3302:
3293:
3290:
3288:
3285:
3283:
3280:
3278:
3275:
3274:
3272:
3270:
3266:
3263:
3261:organisations
3257:
3251:
3248:
3246:
3243:
3241:
3238:
3236:
3233:
3231:
3228:
3226:
3223:
3221:
3218:
3216:
3213:
3211:
3208:
3206:
3205:David Parlett
3203:
3201:
3198:
3196:
3193:
3191:
3188:
3186:
3183:
3181:
3178:
3176:
3173:
3171:
3168:
3166:
3163:
3161:
3158:
3156:
3153:
3151:
3150:Lennart Green
3148:
3146:
3145:S. W. Erdnase
3143:
3141:
3138:
3136:
3133:
3131:
3128:
3126:
3123:
3121:
3118:
3116:
3113:
3111:
3108:
3106:
3103:
3102:
3100:
3096:
3086:
3083:
3081:
3078:
3076:
3073:
3071:
3068:
3066:
3063:
3061:
3058:
3056:
3053:
3052:
3050:
3046:
3040:
3037:
3035:
3032:
3031:
3029:
3025:
3019:
3016:
3014:
3011:
3009:
3006:
3004:
3001:
2999:
2996:
2994:
2993:Oishi Tengudo
2991:
2989:
2986:
2984:
2981:
2979:
2976:
2974:
2971:
2969:
2966:
2964:
2961:
2959:
2958:France Cartes
2956:
2954:
2951:
2949:
2946:
2944:
2941:
2939:
2936:
2934:
2931:
2930:
2928:
2926:Manufacturers
2924:
2921:
2917:Manufacturers
2915:
2904:
2901:
2898:
2896:
2893:
2891:
2888:
2887:
2885:
2883:
2879:
2871:
2868:
2867:
2865:
2863:
2860:
2858:
2855:
2853:
2850:
2848:
2845:
2844:
2842:
2839:
2835:
2831:
2826:
2820:
2817:
2815:
2812:
2811:
2809:
2805:
2799:
2796:
2794:
2791:
2790:
2788:
2786:
2782:
2776:
2773:
2772:
2770:
2768:
2764:
2761:
2757:
2751:
2748:
2746:
2743:
2741:
2740:Stripped deck
2738:
2736:
2733:
2731:
2728:
2724:
2723:
2719:
2717:
2714:
2713:
2712:
2709:
2705:
2702:
2700:
2697:
2695:
2692:
2691:
2690:
2687:
2685:
2682:
2680:
2677:
2676:
2674:
2670:
2664:
2663:
2659:
2657:
2656:
2652:
2650:
2647:
2645:
2642:
2640:
2637:
2635:
2632:
2630:
2629:
2625:
2621:
2620:
2616:
2614:
2613:
2609:
2607:
2606:
2602:
2600:
2599:
2595:
2594:
2593:
2592:
2588:
2584:
2583:
2579:
2578:
2577:
2576:
2572:
2570:
2567:
2565:
2562:
2560:
2559:
2555:
2554:
2552:
2550:
2544:
2534:
2531:
2529:
2526:
2524:
2521:
2519:
2516:
2514:
2511:
2509:
2508:
2507:Hofämterspiel
2504:
2502:
2499:
2497:
2494:
2492:
2489:
2487:
2484:
2482:
2481:
2477:
2476:
2474:
2470:
2464:
2461:
2459:
2456:
2454:
2451:
2447:
2444:
2443:
2442:
2439:
2437:
2434:
2430:
2429:Ace of hearts
2427:
2425:
2424:Ace of spades
2422:
2421:
2420:
2417:
2416:
2414:
2410:
2404:
2401:
2399:
2396:
2394:
2391:
2389:
2386:
2385:
2383:
2380:
2376:
2372:
2369:
2367:
2361:
2357:
2356:Playing cards
2350:
2345:
2343:
2338:
2336:
2331:
2330:
2327:
2319:
2315:
2311:
2306:
2302:
2298:
2294:
2289:
2285:
2280:
2278:
2274:
2270:
2266:
2262:
2260:0-7156-1014-7
2256:
2252:
2247:
2243:
2239:
2234:
2230:
2226:
2221:
2220:
2216:
2207:
2203:
2197:
2194:
2181:
2175:
2172:
2168:
2163:
2161:
2159:
2155:
2151:
2147:
2142:
2139:
2135:
2130:
2127:
2123:
2122:
2116:
2113:
2109:
2108:BoardGameGeek
2105:
2100:
2097:
2092:
2088:
2082:
2079:
2075:
2070:
2067:
2062:
2055:
2052:
2048:
2044:
2039:
2036:
2030:
2027:
2014:
2013:hracikarty.cz
2010:
2004:
2001:
1997:
1996:
1990:
1987:
1975:
1971:
1965:
1962:
1950:
1946:
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1928:
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1911:
1905:
1902:
1898:
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1763:
1760:
1755:
1752:
1746:
1743:
1737:
1734:
1728:
1726:
1722:
1719:, p. 26.
1718:
1713:
1711:
1707:
1703:
1698:
1695:
1691:
1687:
1683:
1678:
1675:
1670:
1666:
1660:
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1654:
1649:
1642:
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1632:
1624:
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1610:
1607:
1601:
1598:
1594:
1588:
1585:
1579:
1576:
1570:
1567:
1560:
1558:
1556:
1552:
1547:
1544:
1543:Skat Congress
1540:
1536:
1527:
1520:
1513:
1510:
1507:
1504:
1501:
1500:
1497:
1494:
1491:
1489:
1485:
1483:
1480:
1477:
1476:
1472:
1470:
1467:
1464:
1462:
1458:
1455:
1454:
1450:
1447:
1444:
1441:
1438:
1437:
1434:
1431:
1429:
1424:
1420:
1415:
1413:
1408:
1406:
1402:
1398:
1397:
1392:
1388:
1384:
1380:
1366:
1357:
1350:
1333:
1331:
1329:
1327:
1323:
1319:
1315:
1311:
1307:
1303:
1298:
1296:
1292:
1289:. Unters are
1288:
1284:
1280:
1275:
1261:
1249:
1232:
1230:
1228:
1224:
1223:, prevailed.
1222:
1218:
1210:
1207:
1204:
1201:
1197:
1194:
1193:
1192:
1190:
1185:
1181:
1177:
1173:
1168:
1164:
1155:
1148:
1146:
1144:
1142:
1138:
1133:
1130:
1126:
1118:
1116:
1114:
1111:
1107:
1103:
1089:
1077:
1063:
1058:
1055:
1052:
1049:
1046:
1043:
1040:
1037:
1034:
1031:
1030:
1029:
1023:
1019:
1015:
1012:
1009:
1006:
1003:
1002:
1001:
998:
996:
992:
988:
984:
980:
976:
972:
968:
964:
960:
946:
934:
911:
899:
882:
880:
878:
876:
872:
868:
864:
863:Upper Silesia
860:
852:
850:
848:
845:
841:
837:
833:
829:
825:
824:New Altenburg
817:
815:
810:
805:
801:
799:
795:
787:
785:
781:Saxon pattern
779:
775:
773:
772:Ore Mountains
769:
765:
761:
757:
753:
749:
745:
737:
735:
730:
727:
724:
721:
720:
719:
716:
714:
710:
706:
702:
698:
697:Ore Mountains
694:
690:
682:Saxon pattern
681:
679:
673:
669:
667:
663:
659:
655:
651:
643:
636:New Altenburg
632:
620:
608:
594:
592:
588:
580:
578:
576:
572:
571:
564:
562:
558:
554:
550:
546:
542:
538:
534:
530:
526:
522:
518:
514:
510:
509:
503:
501:
497:
493:
489:
485:
481:
477:
473:
469:
465:
461:
460:
455:
451:
450:
445:
441:
437:
433:
421:
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406:
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391:
384:
381:
376:
369:
366:
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362:
356:
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345:
343:
341:
337:
333:
329:
325:
321:
317:
312:
310:
306:
302:
298:
294:
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285:
283:
277:
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267:
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259:
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227:
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219:
215:
211:
206:
204:
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196:
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188:
184:
180:
176:
171:
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164:
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154:
152:
148:
143:
139:
131:
129:
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118:
114:
110:
106:
102:
98:
94:
90:
86:
82:
78:
74:
70:
66:
62:
58:
54:
50:
42:
34:
30:
19:
4981:}}
4975:{{
4972:}}
4966:{{
4963:}}
4957:{{
4954:}}
4948:{{
4924:
4917:
4910:
4903:
4895:
4883:
4844:Iroha karuta
4809:
4797:
4785:
4752:
4740:
4722:Money-suited
4708:Unsun Karuta
4690:
4665:
4643:
4621:
4609:
4592:
4562:
4555:
4548:
4426:
4403:
4390:
4367:
4338:
4305:Animal Tarot
4269:
4232:
4205:
4141:
4132:Playing card
4019:
4012:
3876:
3867:
3858:
3849:
3821:
3782:}}
3779:Occult tarot
3776:{{
3773:}}
3767:{{
3764:}}
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3728:}}
3722:{{
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3696:
3689:
3672:
3665:
3658:
3651:
3644:
3637:
3630:
3623:
3616:
3609:
3604:The Acrobats
3602:
3531:
3499:One-way deck
3476:
3440:Card marking
3418:Spelling Bee
3334:
3230:Juan Tamariz
3135:Dan and Dave
3125:Derren Brown
3120:David Blaine
3055:Aspioti-ELKA
3003:Ravensburger
2766:
2720:
2660:
2653:
2626:
2617:
2610:
2603:
2596:
2589:
2580:
2573:
2556:
2505:
2478:
2366:52-card deck
2309:
2292:
2283:
2268:
2250:
2241:
2237:
2228:
2224:
2206:the original
2196:
2184:. Retrieved
2174:
2141:
2136:, p. 6.
2134:Dummett 1980
2129:
2120:
2115:
2099:
2086:
2081:
2069:
2060:
2054:
2038:
2029:
2017:. Retrieved
2012:
2003:
1994:
1989:
1977:. Retrieved
1964:
1952:. Retrieved
1939:
1933:(2): 96–110.
1930:
1924:
1918:
1909:
1904:
1895:
1890:
1881:
1876:
1860:
1855:
1847:
1842:
1830:. Retrieved
1826:the original
1821:
1811:
1791:
1782:
1777:
1769:
1754:
1745:
1736:
1702:Dummett 1980
1697:
1685:
1681:
1677:
1668:
1647:
1641:
1609:
1600:
1592:
1587:
1578:
1569:
1548:
1532:
1496:William Tell
1469:Walter Fürst
1432:
1427:
1416:
1409:
1396:Wilhelm Tell
1394:
1382:
1379:Tell pattern
1378:
1376:
1330:
1322:Pressman Toy
1299:
1271:
1229:
1225:
1220:
1216:
1214:
1188:
1183:
1179:
1174:card maker,
1167:Old Bavarian
1166:
1160:
1145:
1134:
1128:
1124:
1122:
1115:
1105:
1101:
1099:
1062:
1027:
1017:
999:
974:
970:
966:
962:
958:
956:
879:
870:
856:
849:
836:East Germany
831:
827:
823:
821:
814:
793:
791:
784:
767:
763:
759:
755:
752:Ruimpf cards
751:
741:
738:Ruimpf cards
734:
717:
708:
685:
678:
661:
657:
653:
649:
647:
586:
584:
574:
568:
565:
560:
556:
552:
544:
536:
532:
528:
524:
520:
512:
506:
504:
491:
487:
479:
471:
463:
457:
453:
447:
440:Italian sets
429:
412:
397:
382:
367:
354:
313:
286:
278:
252:), northern
246:Transylvania
236:), southern
207:
172:
166:
162:
158:
155:
149:are used in
137:
135:
120:
116:
112:
104:
100:
92:
88:
84:
80:
76:
68:
64:
53:playing card
48:
47:
29:
4698:Komatsufuda
4514:Bergamasche
4434:Württemberg
4392:Lower Saxon
4282:Politicards
4228:Piedmontese
3832:German deck
3691:Card Sharks
3581:Trick decks
3472:Double lift
3413:Rising Card
3195:Anton Moser
3190:John McLeod
3175:René Lavand
3130:Lewis Cohen
3110:Hubert Auer
3085:Waddingtons
3080:Lewis Cohen
2963:F.X. Schmid
2759:Other suits
2547:Other packs
2523:Politicards
2182:. trift.org
2091:F.X. Schmid
1621:(currently
1535:unification
1465:Itel Reding
1274:Württemberg
1233:Württemberg
1180:Munich type
1143:from 1918.
798:Altenburger
756:Rümpffkarte
654:Lower Saxon
624:Prussian II
593:, in 1763.
346:Composition
234:South Tyrol
228:, northern
185:, Habsburg
138:Spielkarten
4855:Many suits
4839:Uta-garuta
4811:Vogelspiel
4779:non-suited
4748:Six Tigers
4678:Portuguese
4656:Napoletane
4634:Piacentine
4428:Ulm-Munich
4386:Franconian
4315:Adler-Cego
3571:Spoke card
3520:mechanic's
3515:magician's
3506:and grips
3445:Card sharp
3259:Groups and
3245:Dai Vernon
3115:Bryan Berg
2938:Cartamundi
2919:and brands
2902:of Strings
2838:Portuguese
2689:Court card
2649:Tarot pack
2619:uta-garuta
2217:Literature
2019:5 December
1979:2 February
1954:2 February
1832:2 February
1717:Braun 1966
1633:References
1533:After the
1417:After the
1318:Palatinate
1302:Doppelkopf
1291:journeymen
1283:Adler Cego
1176:C. L. Wüst
1129:Ulm-Munich
967:Franconian
828:New German
809:Doppelkopf
764:Rümpfspiel
760:Rümpfkarte
320:Doppelkopf
297:River Main
287:Until the
240:, western
4692:Minchiate
4651:Siciliane
4639:Romagnole
4544:Swiss 1JJ
4524:Triestine
4519:Trevisane
4509:Bresciane
4180:Baronesse
3597:Paintings
3554:Gilbreath
3544:Shuffling
3510:gambler's
3369:cardistry
3165:Ricky Jay
3105:Lee Asher
3065:C.L. Wüst
2948:Dal Negro
2866:Japanese
2735:Nicknames
2549:and decks
2463:Beer card
2364:Standard
2318:0305-2133
2301:0305-2133
2167:Benő 1980
2104:Karnöffel
1690:Karniffel
1623:Grand-Est
1561:Footnotes
1439:Rank/Suit
1326:Karnöffel
1172:Frankfurt
1081:Full deck
979:Schafkopf
963:Stralsund
938:Full deck
903:Full deck
748:Thuringia
705:Thuringia
517:wild card
454:Untermann
328:Schafkopf
258:Vojvodina
4996:Category
4945:Category
4879:Hanafuda
4824:Kabufuda
4819:Kvitlech
4763:Bài chòi
4667:Charruan
4564:Trappola
4504:Trentine
4412:Salzburg
4405:Prussian
4382:(Prague)
4380:Bohemian
4375:Bavarian
4369:Augsburg
4172:Standard
4085:Pip card
3180:Ed Marlo
2983:Nintendo
2953:Fournier
2711:Pip card
2628:Kvitlech
2612:kabufuda
2598:hanafuda
2491:Charruan
2398:Diamonds
1865:Archived
1762:Archived
1667:(1980).
1619:Lorraine
1412:Habsburg
1306:Pinochle
1125:Augsburg
1110:Bohemian
1102:Bohemian
971:Salzburg
965:types),
883:Southern
871:Silesian
768:Rümpffen
658:Prussian
644:Northern
581:Patterns
474:), and "
464:Obermann
383:Schellen
266:Slovakia
262:Slovenia
187:Erblande
4867:Ganjapa
4862:Ganjifa
4753:Bài bất
4629:Aluette
4588:Mexican
4575:Spanish
4496:Italian
4240:Russian
4213:Lombard
4207:Hamburg
4200:English
3875:Unter (
3848:Deuce (
3467:Cutting
3075:Dondorf
3048:Defunct
3039:Grimaud
3034:Bicycle
2998:Piatnik
2978:Modiano
2900:Myriads
2834:Spanish
2830:Italian
2828:Latin (
2793:Shields
2750:Unicode
2644:Russian
2582:ganjapa
2575:Ganjifa
2564:Chinese
2186:20 June
2148:at the
2045:at the
1451:Acorns
1423:Piatnik
1279:Knights
1119:Origins
577:(sow).
533:Soacher
436:Spanish
413:Blätter
398:Eicheln
316:Binokel
305:Silesia
301:Prussia
270:Ukraine
242:Romania
226:Hungary
222:Germany
218:Croatia
210:Austria
199:Silesia
195:Moravia
191:Bohemia
132:History
113:Schelle
4885:Tujeon
4787:As-Nas
4758:Tổ tôm
4742:Madiao
4488:
4482:
4476:
4470:
4339:German
4250:Vienna
4245:Tuscan
4150:French
4073:Others
3981:Hearts
3940:Leaves
3901:Acorns
3866:Ober (
3857:King (
3701:(1896)
3559:Zarrow
3525:Tenkai
3377:Tricks
3027:Brands
2968:Gemaco
2862:Swords
2857:Batons
2814:Acorns
2775:Leaves
2767:German
2694:knight
2679:Banner
2662:Zi pai
2655:Tujeon
2634:Polish
2591:Karuta
2558:As-Nas
2393:Hearts
2388:Spades
2379:French
2316:
2299:
2275:
2257:
1686:Panier
1615:Alsace
1448:Leaves
1442:Hearts
1310:Gaigel
1308:, and
1165:, the
1106:Prague
995:Watten
969:, and
959:Munich
865:. The
859:Poland
744:Saxony
701:Saxony
559:) and
541:Watten
519:. The
432:French
416:Leaves
401:Acorns
371:Hearts
368:Herzen
364:Suits
340:Watten
324:Gaigel
254:Serbia
238:Poland
183:Saxony
167:Panier
163:Panier
159:Banner
117:Schell
107:) and
97:Hearts
73:Leaves
65:Eichel
61:Acorns
4805:Kille
4793:Cuccù
4661:Sarde
4463:Latin
4449:Swiss
4417:Saxon
4297:Tarot
4234:Rouen
4223:Paris
4195:Dutch
4046:Unter
4037:Deuce
4028:Bells
3999:Unter
3990:Deuce
3960:Unter
3951:Deuce
3919:Unter
3910:Deuce
3877:Unter
3859:König
3844:/rank
3761:Poker
3504:Palms
3008:Trefl
2943:Copag
2852:Coins
2819:Bells
2798:Roses
2785:Swiss
2745:Talon
2730:Joker
2716:deuce
2704:Unter
2684:Blank
2672:Cards
2441:Queen
2412:Ranks
2403:Clubs
2240:[
2227:[
1502:Deuce
1456:Unter
1445:Bells
1287:Baden
1200:beret
844:Rommé
693:Saale
660:, or
650:Saxon
612:Saxon
561:Spitz
557:Welli
553:Belli
529:Spitz
525:Belli
513:Belle
500:Rommé
484:Deuce
472:König
449:Unter
444:Knave
438:, or
386:Bells
250:Banat
230:Italy
201:) or
121:Bolle
109:Bells
81:Blatt
69:Kreuz
57:suits
4799:Gnav
4768:Ceki
4422:Tell
4090:Weli
4043:Ober
4040:King
3996:Ober
3993:King
3957:Ober
3954:King
3916:Ober
3913:King
3868:Ober
3850:Daus
3842:Suit
3549:faro
3367:and
3269:Skat
2890:Cash
2847:Cups
2722:Weli
2699:Ober
2453:Jack
2436:King
2314:ISSN
2297:ISSN
2273:ISBN
2255:ISBN
2188:2016
2021:2022
1981:2016
1956:2016
1834:2016
1617:and
1537:and
1478:Ober
1428:Weli
1405:Pest
1377:The
1356:Weli
1272:The
1123:The
1104:(or
1100:The
991:Tapp
987:Jass
973:(or
961:and
746:and
703:and
691:and
689:Elbe
666:Skat
587:Bild
570:Daus
555:(or
545:Maxi
537:Weli
521:Weli
508:Weli
492:Daus
488:Daus
468:King
459:Ober
338:and
332:Skat
248:and
101:Herz
93:Gras
85:Laub
77:Grün
2419:Ace
2106:at
1768:in
1393:'s
1281:in
830:or
766:or
758:or
742:In
575:Sau
551:),
531:or
511:or
480:Ass
478:" (
476:Ace
355:Sau
260:),
205:.
161:or
119:or
105:Rot
103:or
95:),
91:or
89:Pik
71:),
67:or
59:of
4998::
4049:10
4002:10
3963:10
3922:10
3883:10
2157:^
2011:.
1972:.
1947:.
1931:35
1929:.
1820:.
1724:^
1709:^
1656:^
1304:,
997:.
989:,
985:,
826:,
715:.
462:=
452:=
434:,
342:.
334:,
330:,
326:,
322:,
318:,
264:,
224:,
216:,
212:,
197:,
193:,
189:,
181:,
115:,
87:,
83:,
79:,
4734:十
4732:萬
4729:索
4726:文
4163:♠
4160:♥
4157:♣
4154:♦
4124:e
4117:t
4110:v
4062:6
4058:7
4055:8
4052:9
4020:6
4013:7
4008:8
4005:9
3975:6
3972:7
3969:8
3966:9
3934:6
3931:7
3928:8
3925:9
3895:6
3892:7
3889:8
3886:9
3879:)
3870:)
3861:)
3852:)
3814:e
3807:t
3800:v
2840:)
2836:/
2832:/
2381:)
2377:(
2348:e
2341:t
2334:v
2320:.
2303:.
2263:.
2190:.
2169:.
2023:.
1983:.
1958:.
1885:.
1836:.
1692:.
1221:D
1217:A
1202:.
754:(
486:(
470:(
446:(
177:(
111:(
99:(
75:(
63:(
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
