272:(RAF) and appointed acting pilot officer on probation (41937), 15 April 1939, McKnight began training at No. 6 Flying Training School (FTS), Little Rissington, Bourton-on-the-Water, Cheltenham. While in training, he was nearly incorrigible, being confined to his barracks twice (for a fortnight) and, along with a classmate, being placed on open arrest as "perpetrators of a riot." Highjinks soon came to an end when Germany invaded Poland and the recruits in training were hurriedly graduated as fighter pilots.
1502:
343:
359:. In 242, he saw a squadron that needed to be "whipped back into shape" and he proceeded to establish his brand, selecting new flight commanders, requisitioning new equipment and eventually winning the approval of every squadron member, especially "Willie" McKnight. Bader saw his top ace as a surrogate son and chose him as a wingman.
413:
While strafing an E-boat in the
English Channel, P/O M.K. Brown accompanying McKnight, broke off as the duo were under fire from anti-aircraft fire from the French coast just as a Bf 109 attacked. Brown made it back home but McKnight was listed as "missing." Recent research suggests McKnight fell to
362:
By mid-July, 242 was declared operational again and joined No. 12 Group, Fighter
Command. Throughout July and August although the Battle of Britain had raged over England, the industrial Midlands which the squadron patrolled did not receive heavy attacks. On 30 August 1940, the squadron relocated to
231:
on the port side of the engine cowling. His
Hurricane also carried a human skeleton image which held a sickle in its hand under the cockpit, on both sides of the aircraft. McKnight scored 17 victories, as well as two shared and three unconfirmed kills. McKnight was shot down and killed on 12 January
330:
and operated out of French airfields during daylight hours but returning in the evening. As fierce fighting over
Dunkirk took place, McKnight claimed a victory over a Bf 109 on 28 May but his Hurricane was hit, and he had to limp home with his oil and coolant systems shot up. Over Dunkirk, in four
299:(BEF), McKnight and 242 Squadron began operations over France on 14 May, a detachment being based at French airfields. With the squadron partly stationed in England in reserve, four individual pilots (with six more following) were attached to other BEF units. McKnight flew with No. 615 Squadron at
409:
No. 242 Squadron was relocated to
Coltishall in November 1940, followed by a further move to Martlesham Heath in December. On 12 January 1941, the squadron began a series of offensive sorties against targets in France, first acting as escorts for Blenheim bombers then beginning on 12 January, the
334:
The constant combat had been telling on McKnight and he was admitted to hospital in July 1940 to recuperate. He had lost 27 lb (12 kg) in weight and was clearly suffering from sleep deprivation as well as a host of other ailments including stomach problems. While in hospital, he openly
303:, but the constant retreats necessitated three new relocations in six days. In typical McKnight style, he commandeered a limousine that had been abandoned by a "brass hat" and carried on a romantic encounter with a Parisienne (whom he eventually tried to smuggle back to England in a transport).
378:
On 9 September, McKnight scored twice when enemy raiders were intercepted by a group of three squadrons that were coordinated into a single unit by Bader as part of his "Big Wing" plan. While trying to split the escorting fighters from the bombers, McKnight's
Hurricane (bearing his irreverent
248:. He was considered a bit of a character at school and showed a rebellious streak. At Crescent Heights High School, he quarterbacked the football team but was renowned for once crashing his father's car into a neighbour's fence while trying to impress a new girlfriend.
314:
totaling 19 enemy fighters. Flying as the "tail-end
Charlie," McKnight shouted a warning and wheeled into a steep climbing turn that brought him on the tail of one of the diving Bf 109s, which he shot down, his squadron's first kill over France.
1847:
390:. His final victory was over the Thames Estuary on 5 November 1940, McKnight disabled a Bf 109, pulling close and motioning for the enemy fighter pilot to lower his undercarriage in a sign of defeat. Instead the pilot (Fw Scheidt of
259:
arrived in
Calgary. Seeing a chance for adventure as well as leaving behind a turbulent romance with his girlfriend Marian, he enlisted as a prospective fighter pilot in February 1939 and sailed for England.
1857:
1493:
1477:
1872:
1862:
398:
184:
167:
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296:
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individual marking of a death's head skull and skeleton with a sickle) was hit and one aileron was shot away. He barely made it back to his home base.
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essentially to begin a seven days' leave which was abruptly cut short after 48 hours when was the retreating BEF and allied armies were pushed into
428:
Before his death in
January 1941, McKnight had 17 kills, two shared and three unconfirmed credited to his score. Following is a list of victories:
251:
In 1939, after entering the medical school at the
University of Alberta, McKnight continued his cockiness but was on the verge of expulsion when a
355:
No. 242 Squadron was badly mauled over France, losing 11 pilots and was reassembled at Coltishall with a new commanding officer, Squadron Leader
1837:
1801:
599:
1405:
418:(three kills). Bader was distraught at the loss of McKnight and vowed revenge, but 242's "top gun" was never found. Fellow Canadian ace
287:
fighters were sent in January 1940. After transitioning to the more potent Hurricane, the squadron became operational on 24 March 1940.
30:
1827:
628:
613:
584:
1806:
1482:
1098:
1651:
1301:
1034:
890:
831:
665:
1600:
1349:
147:
1691:
1197:
1122:
1042:
732:
279:
and initially had a large number of Canadian personnel on strength. The first aircraft assigned to the squadron were
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1357:
1213:
1189:
1002:
1643:
1333:
1325:
1205:
716:
1560:
1237:
1010:
898:
422:
635:
1162:
1074:
1773:
1741:
1592:
799:
275:
McKnight was posted to No. 242 Squadron on 6 May 1940. The squadron had reformed on 30 October 1939 at
1867:
1852:
1541:
1437:
1050:
954:
724:
708:
606:
Aces, Warriors and Wingmen: The Firsthand Accounts of Canada's Fighter Pilots in the Second World War
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311:
205:
122:
1261:
1130:
914:
906:
756:
464:
1445:
559:
970:
1018:
624:
609:
595:
580:
415:
391:
336:
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days, McKnight shot down six enemy aircraft, eventually claiming 10 victories by 7 June 1940.
300:
276:
217:
142:
1842:
1584:
1285:
1253:
1090:
946:
930:
922:
855:
807:
468:
284:
280:
245:
209:
197:
151:
137:
1635:
1522:
1381:
1365:
1317:
1309:
1277:
1146:
874:
823:
673:
372:
307:
269:
256:
201:
94:
74:
375:. Bader scored two victories while his "wingman" claimed two enemy Bf 110s and a He 111.
1765:
1627:
1608:
1453:
1413:
1373:
815:
791:
689:
319:
252:
112:
1821:
1757:
1713:
1699:
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1221:
1138:
938:
839:
783:
419:
387:
383:
356:
1665:
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1389:
1269:
1170:
1154:
1114:
1058:
994:
748:
740:
681:
228:
132:
342:
306:
On 19 May 1940, McKnight scored his first victory while on an evening patrol over
1749:
1576:
1429:
1421:
1106:
1026:
986:
847:
364:
327:
410:
first of the "Rhubarbs," low-level intruder attacks on targets of opportunity.
1507:
1229:
1082:
962:
882:
657:
642:
193:
29:
490:
367:
and was involved in action when a large formation of He 111s with Bf 109 and
1245:
764:
200:. He was Canada's fifth-highest scoring ace of the war. McKnight joined the
188:
171:
382:
Another two kills took place on 18 September when McKnight brought down a
463:
Flying Officer McKnight has no known grave; his name is inscribed on the
241:
224:
213:
57:
1066:
323:
1848:
Canadian recipients of the Distinguished Flying Cross (United Kingdom)
1501:
476:
472:
341:
310:. The four patrolling Hurricanes were "bounced" by two groups of
192:(18 November 1918 – 12 January 1941) was a Canadian aviator and
1497:
639:
425:(seven kills and one shared) was also killed on this day.
444:
1 June 1940: shot down two Ju 87s (two more unconfirmed)
438:
29 May 1940: two Bf 109s (one unconfirmed) and one Do 17
456:
18 September 1940: one Do 17 and a half Ju 88 (shared)
516:
514:
397:
Promoted to flying officer, McKnight was awarded the
244:, Alberta, Canada on 18 November 1918 and grew up in
447:
14 June 1940: two Bf 109s (recorded in his log book)
1620:
1553:
1534:
1515:
1182:
867:
776:
701:
650:
163:
128:
118:
108:
100:
88:
80:
64:
44:
36:
20:
1478:List of British and Commonwealth World War II aces
482:Calgary's McKnight Boulevard is named after him.
223:McKnight's aircraft wore a distinct cartoon of a
1858:Royal Air Force personnel killed in World War II
318:On 21 May 242 Squadron pilots were withdrawn to
401:on 30 August 1940 and a Bar in September 1940.
240:William Lidstone "Willie" McKnight was born in
579:. Stittsville, Ontario: Canada's Wings, 1978.
459:5 November 1940: forced down a Bf 109 (shared)
8:
1494:
636:
450:30 August 1940: two Bf 110s and one He 111
371:escorts was intercepted on a raid against
28:
17:
232:1941 during a fighter sweep over Calais.
619:Shores, Christopher and Clive Williams.
528:
526:
501:
441:31 May 1940: two Bf 110s and one Bf 109
1873:Royal Air Force pilots of World War II
1802:List of World War II aces from Canada
283:twin-engine fighters but replacement
7:
594:. London: Osprey Publishing. 1998.
386:and shared in the destruction of a
339:overhauling him as the top scorer.
212:, covering the Allied retreat from
1863:Aviators killed by being shot down
346:"Willie" McKnight's Hurricane Mk I
335:fretted over a squadron mate, P/O
204:(RAF) in early 1939 and served in
14:
1833:Canadian World War II flying aces
550:Shores and Williams 1994, p. 437.
1807:List of World War II flying aces
1500:
1483:List of World War II flying aces
491:Willie McKnight at acesofww2.com
394:) bailed out over the Thames.
208:during the final phase of the
1:
623:. London: Grub Street, 1994.
453:9 September 1940: two Bf 109s
326:. The squadron was rushed to
1838:Canadian World War II pilots
297:British Expeditionary Force
255:recruiting mission for the
1889:
592:Hurricane Aces 1939 – 1940
399:Distinguished Flying Cross
168:Distinguished Flying Cross
1797:
1510:with 10+ aerial victories
1473:
645:with 10+ aerial victories
508:Holmes 1998, pp. 98, 124.
180:William Lidstone McKnight
27:
1828:Royal Air Force officers
608:. Toronto: Wiley, 2005.
435:28 May 1940: one Bf 109
432:19 May 1940: one Bf 109
1506:Canadian World War II
1075:Eugeniusz Horbaczewski
347:
800:Bill Crawford-Compton
641:British World War II
345:
312:Messerschmitt Bf 109s
101:Years of service
1201:(14 & 10 shared)
1193:(14 & 10 shared)
1115:William Dennis David
955:Thomas Dalton-Morgan
709:Robert Stanford Tuck
520:Holmes 1998, p. 124.
268:Commissioned in the
206:No. 242 Squadron RAF
123:No. 242 Squadron RAF
1769:(10 & 1 shared)
1761:(10 & 1 shared)
1753:(10 & 1 shared)
1745:(10 & 5 shared)
1737:(10 & 8 shared)
1695:(12 & 5 shared)
1655:(13 & 1 shared)
1631:(14 & 1 shared)
1604:(15 & 1 shared)
1596:(15 & 3 shared)
1588:(15 & 4 shared)
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1572:(17 & 2 shared)
1564:(18 & 4 shared)
1526:(31 & 1 shared)
1425:(10 & 1 shared)
1417:(10 & 1 shared)
1369:(11 & 1 shared)
1361:(11 & 2 shared)
1297:(12 & 2 shared)
1241:(13 & 1 shared)
1233:(13 & 4 shared)
1209:(14 & 7 shared)
1118:(15 & 2 shared)
1110:(15 & 3 shared)
1046:(16 & 1 shared)
1038:(16 & 2 shared)
1030:(16 & 6 shared)
942:(17 & 1 shared)
934:(17 & 2 shared)
926:(17 & 5 shared)
907:Karel Kuttelwascher
541:Holmes 1998, p. 51.
560:McKnight Boulevard
532:Ralph 2005, p. 67.
479:, United Kingdom.
465:Runnymede Memorial
414:Fw. Brugelmann of
348:
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1019:Witold Urbanowicz
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600:978-1-85532-597-5
416:Jagdgeschwader 26
392:Jagdgeschwader 26
351:Battle of Britain
301:Abbeville, France
277:RAF Church Fenton
218:Battle of Britain
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143:Battle of Britain
60:, Alberta, Canada
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1774:Frederick Aikman
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1091:James MacLachlan
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1011:Maurice Stephens
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931:Herbert Hallowes
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923:Desmond McMullen
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856:Michael Crossley
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690:Brendan Finucane
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577:The Tumbling Sky
575:Halliday, Hugh.
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469:Englefield Green
291:Battle of France
285:Hawker Hurricane
264:Second World War
216:, and later the
210:Battle of France
198:Second World War
191:
156:
138:Battle of France
90:
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55:18 November 1918
54:
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32:
22:William McKnight
18:
1888:
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1883:
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1881:
1879:
1878:
1877:
1818:
1817:
1816:
1811:
1793:
1781:Leslie Gosling
1636:Robert Fumerton
1616:
1569:Willie McKnight
1561:Vernon Woodward
1549:
1530:
1523:George Beurling
1511:
1499:
1492:
1487:
1469:
1382:George Palliser
1366:Harold Walmsley
1318:Stanley Connors
1310:George Bennions
1302:Harold Atkinson
1278:John Mungo-Park
1178:
1147:Raymond Harries
1035:Alfred Marshall
979:Willie McKnight
971:Josef František
899:Vernon Woodward
891:Manfred Czernin
875:Geoffrey Allard
863:
832:John Cunningham
824:Archie McKellar
772:
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674:George Beurling
666:Johnnie Johnson
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373:RAF North Weald
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295:As part of the
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270:Royal Air Force
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202:Royal Air Force
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95:Royal Air Force
75:English Channel
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68:12 January 1941
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1462:Minden Blake
1390:Allan Wright
1358:John Webster
1350:Edward Wells
1270:Joseph Kayll
1214:Donald McKay
1190:Ronald Berry
1171:George Unwin
1155:Ernest Mason
1131:John Baldwin
1059:Nigel Cullen
1003:James Rankin
995:Newell Orton
978:
915:Albert Lewis
749:Adolph Malan
741:Neville Duke
682:William Vale
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133:World War II
129:Battles/wars
70:(1941-01-12)
15:
1868:1918 births
1853:1941 deaths
1750:Robert Kipp
1734:George Hill
1727:David Ness
1685:Eric Woods
1644:Stan Turner
1577:Buck McNair
1508:flying aces
1446:Trevor Wade
1430:Archie Boyd
1422:Paul Richey
1334:John Gibson
1326:John Dundas
1206:Robert Boyd
1107:Adrian Boyd
1027:Tony Lovell
987:Stanley Orr
848:Billy Drake
733:James Lacey
725:Frank Carey
717:John Braham
643:flying aces
365:RAF Duxford
337:Stan Turner
328:RAF Manston
236:Early years
37:Nickname(s)
1822:Categories
1585:Mark Brown
1262:Ronald Hay
1238:John Ellis
1230:John Villa
1123:Max Aitken
1083:Edgar Kain
947:Mark Brown
883:Roy Dutton
784:Lance Wade
757:Colin Gray
658:Pat Pattle
486:References
194:flying ace
81:Allegiance
51:1918-11-18
1666:John Kent
1406:Ian Allan
1246:Ian Gleed
1163:Alan Owen
765:Eric Lock
621:Aces High
104:1939–1941
963:Al Deere
242:Edmonton
227:kicking
225:jackboot
214:Brittany
89:Service/
58:Edmonton
40:"Willie"
1843:The Few
1067:Bob Doe
693:(28–32)
324:Dunkirk
320:Britain
308:Cambrai
253:British
246:Calgary
196:of the
154:†
627:
612:
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583:
477:Surrey
369:Bf 110
187:&
170:&
164:Awards
150:
91:branch
1621:10–14
1554:15–19
1535:20–24
1183:10–14
868:15–19
777:20–24
702:25–29
661:(40+)
496:Notes
473:Egham
405:Death
1789:(10)
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685:(30)
677:(31)
669:(34)
625:ISBN
610:ISBN
596:ISBN
581:ISBN
119:Unit
109:Rank
65:Died
45:Born
1516:25+
651:30+
189:Bar
185:DFC
172:Bar
1824::
525:^
513:^
475:,
471:,
467:,
220:.
182:,
631:.
616:.
587:.
53:)
49:(
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