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by the
Germans in March 1915 and the resulting deaths of 1,198 people (128 of whom were U.S. citizens) brought about an uncertainty about the neutrality policy, leading government officials to back away from mediation. The industrialist
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Julia Grace Wales was a
Canadian-born Wisconsin university professor who was deeply troubled by reports of the war. She spent the autumn of 1914 considering possible methods for finding a peace solution. The
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asked his compatriots to remain "impartial in thought". In
December, Wales prepared a plan. She proposed that the United States organize a conference (a "world thinking organ") composed of delegations from
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started advocating the
Wisconsin Plan and accompanied Wales to Europe, but the movement began declining. The
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in early 1915. The
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The newly formed
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Improper
Bostonian: Emily Greene Balch, Nobel Peace laureate, 1946
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193:"Teacher Background—Julia Grace Wales and the Peace Movement"
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Wilson appeared to be interested in the proposal, but the
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First page of the
Continuous Mediation Without Armistice
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Full text of the
Continuous Mediation Without Armistice
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