89:
380:
330:, fearing that it would disrupt the state's dairy industry. So manufacturers switched to producing pink margarine. The margarine ban lasted for 75 years, until it was overturned in 1967. Wisconsin was the last state to repeal its margarine ban, the previous being Minnesota, which overturned theirs in 1963. But it is still illegal for restaurants to serve margarine, unless the customer requests it. While the ban was never enforced, it carried a $ 6,000 fine.
363:, they saw great success, compared to Wisconsin's family farms. Throughout the late 20th-century, California dairy production started to grow rapidly, replacing Wisconsin as the leading state for milk production in 1993. Many of Wisconsin's family farms have been closing down, due to increased competition from large factory farms. Since 2005, about half of the dairy farms have closed, leaving Wisconsin with 7000 dairy farms in 2020.
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296:. Colby cheese forgoes the cheddaring process, instead partially draining the whey and adding cold water to the curds. This process gives it a mild flavor and a texture that is moister and softer than cheddar. Traditionally, Colby is pressed into a cylindrical from called a longhorn. The cheese was invented by Joseph Steinwand and was named after the
280:
The
Wisconsin dairy industry began in the latter half of the 19th century. The first farms in Wisconsin exclusively produced wheat. At their peak, Wisconsin farms produced 27 million US bushels (950,000 m) of wheat. Rapidly, in the 1860s, the wheat farms began suffering mass soil depletion
366:
Rising tariffs on dairy products have also been a major contributor to the decrease in productivity in
Wisconsin. In 2018, China and Mexico imposed large tariffs on the US, making it harder for farms to sell their dairy products. Farmers across Wisconsin lost an estimated $ 40,000 in yearly revenue
235:
Wisconsin requires cheese production to be performed or supervised by a licensed cheesemaker, being the only state in the US to require certification. The state also requires cheese sold to be graded for its quality, ranging from grade A to grade D. Producers must also label the age, moisture, and
291:
During the late 19th century, cheesemakers in
Wisconsin invented new varieties of cheese. These included brick and Colby, which are both derived from cheddar cheese. Brick cheese is created by using a higher temperature during the culturing process, leading to a softer texture. Brick cheese is
174:
since the start of its dairy industry. In the 19th century, much of the milk was made into cheese, because it kept longer than milk or butter. In the latter half of the 19th century, cheese production moved from the farms to specialized factories, resulting in higher quality cheese. In 1921,
126:, two or three times per day. Most dairy farms grow much of their feed to offset the price of buying it wholesale. Milking parlors, milking pipelines, and automated milking, while less common, are found in Wisconsin farms. Many family farms also produce cheese or butter, alongside milk.
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due to these tariffs. The number of immigrant dairy workers is rising, from 5% in 2000 to 40% in 2010. This increase is due to many farmers looking to increase the size of their herds, which requires more workers. Another decrease of productivity resulted from the
1982:
387:
The prominence of the dairy industry in
Wisconsin has led to Wisconsin being known as "America's Dairyland", which was made the official state slogan in 1940. After it was designated as Wisconsin's official slogan, "America's Dairyland" was printed on
355:
In the 1970s, more and more ordinary folks were consuming cheese. This made it possible for gourmet cheese shops to rise, most of them being mom-and-pop shops. To this day, only a handful of these historical family businesses are still operational.
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used by the industry frequently spill over or leak into the ground due to their usually insecure linings. Additionally, crops are often oversprayed with manure, leading to runoff into the surrounding water and increased risk of
2216:
1974:
2015:
371:, especially during 2020. The decrease in demand forced farmers to dump excess milk, since they were unable to sell it. The industry quickly rebounded in late 2020, after Wisconsin loosened its lockdowns.
1507:
281:
and insect infestations, lowering the quality and yield of the crop. During the 1880s, with pressure from the
Wisconsin Dairymen’s Association, farms across the state began switching to producing dairy.
403:: a five day-event showcasing the dairy industry, ranging from dairy cattle to ice cream. Since 1998, there has been an effort to make Colby the official state cheese, however no action has been taken.
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content. This innovation led to higher quality milk and dairy products. By 1915, Wisconsin became the leading state for dairy production, a lead it would maintain until 1993.
88:
395:
In 1971, the dairy cow was designated as the official state domesticated animal. Milk was designated as the official state beverage in 1987. Every year since 1967,
175:
Wisconsin became the first state to grade cheese by its quality. As of 2020, Wisconsin produces 26% of all cheese in the US, totaling 3.39 billion pounds (1.54
39:. Being known for its dairy production, the state is often called "America's Dairyland." The industry is prominent in official state symbols—being displayed on the
2005:
136:, also called factory-farms, has allowed farmers to keep upwards of 750 cows. These large-scale operations have been forcing smaller family farms out of business.
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333:
The state requires all butter and cheese makers to hold a license. These rules were created in 1929, because of the amount of substandard product in
Wisconsin.
3494:
2310:
Creating
Dairyland: How Caring for Cows Saved Our Soil, Created Our Landscape, Brought Prosperity to Our State, and Still Shapes Our Way of Life in Wisconsin
1625:
70:
in 1993. As of 2018, Wisconsin ranks second in the United States in dairy production, with over 7000 dairy farms that produce 2.44 billion pounds (1.11
3802:
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franchise. Cheese-wedge shaped hats are a common sight at
Packers games, especially since 1994. The dairy industry is prominently displayed on Wisconsin's
262:
Butter is another common dairy product produced in
Wisconsin. As of 2008, Wisconsin produces 22% of butter in the US, totaling 361 million pounds (164
1387:
783:
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272: kg) of butter. Wisconsin requires buttermakers to hold a license to produce butter, also being the only state in the US to require certification.
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1951:
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392:, at first replacing the "Wisconsin" text, but later both were included. In 1986 a graphic representing a dairy farm was added to the plate.
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The invention and widespread use of the refrigerated rail car allowed many farms to switch to producing dairy products and raising
1891:
916:
232:, in which it leads the US. Within Wisconsin, mozzarella accounts for 31% of all cheese produced, while cheddar accounts for 21%.
853:
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102:
Dairy farming in
Wisconsin became commercially viable in the late 19th century. Since its founding, most dairy enterprises were
2704:
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349:
1830:
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Wisconsin cheesemakers produce hundreds of varieties. Settlers in Wisconsin brought their local cheese varieties with them.
700:
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445:. Both practices cause nutrients such as Phosphorus and Nitrogen to reach excessive levels in bodies of water, leading to
3576:
814:"Industrial dairy farming is taking over in Wisconsin, crowding out family operations and raising environmental concerns"
3432:
3217:
3187:
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201:
1563:
62:, or other dairy products. Dairy became an important industry in the late-19th century, following the invention of the
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2010:
818:
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instead of wheat. They were highly successful, and by the start of the 20th century, over 90% of farms were dairy.
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466:
360:
133:
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Wisconsin dairies produce a variety of products from processing milk. The most notable are cheese and butter.
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The large scale production of dairy in Wisconsin has been a notable source of pollution to surface water.
132:
were developed in the late 20th century and slowly introduced to Wisconsin farms. Since its introduction,
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2954:
2919:
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2834:
2794:
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2714:
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1975:"The cream of the crop: Judges rank World Dairy Expo submissions for cheese, milk, butter and ice cream"
442:
193:
1717:
2372:
2243:"Report: Too much manure and fertilizer is being spread in some areas at the expense of water quality"
2038:
1913:
3054:
3019:
3014:
3004:
2979:
2959:
2939:
2929:
2914:
2879:
2804:
2789:
2570:
2521:
2446:
1943:
1534:"'Struggling to Tread Water': Dairy Farmers Are Caught in an Economic System with No Winning Formula"
476:
256:
3701:
3049:
2999:
2969:
2909:
2899:
2829:
2779:
2580:
1419:"Wisconsin banned selling yellow margarine for 72 years, so residents smuggled it in from Illinois"
454:
446:
293:
2944:
2924:
2874:
2819:
2809:
2799:
2621:
2503:
2466:
2407:
2177:
2046:
1823:"Passenger Vehicles, 1905-1941 - The Wisconsin Pages - The Andrew Turnbull License Plate Gallery"
560:
396:
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379:
66:. By 1915, Wisconsin had become the leading state for dairy production, only being surpassed by
1089:
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3069:
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875:
421:
417:
411:
129:
44:
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2709:
2161:
2006:"A bill to make Colby the official state cheese is getting another chance at becoming a law"
1492:"America's Cheese State Fights to Stay that Way; Wisconsin Struggles to Keep Pace with West"
1295:
437:
400:
337:
301:
153:
63:
2684:
2674:
1792:
1205:
572:
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225:
163:
50:
Dairying in Wisconsin includes the harvesting and processing of animal milk, usually from
2149:
1448:
348:
group of farmers attempted to coordinate their efforts with larger groups, including the
252:
2724:
2694:
2689:
1883:
1060:"Amid a rise in artisanal butter, state to make it easier to get a buttermaker license"
908:
221:
26:
21:
3486:
2351:
The Rise of the Dairy Industry In Wisconsin: a Study In Agricultural Change, 1820-1920
845:
3791:
2181:
2095:
341:
97:
1626:"Wisconsin Farmers Forced to Dump Milk as Coronavirus Slams a Fragile Dairy Economy"
1822:
1264:
1237:
784:"Wisconsin Dairy Farmers Join Forces to Use Automatic Milking Robots - Farm Flavor"
425:
217:
213:
171:
107:
2349:
1233:"Detroit-Style Pizza Is the Best Thing You're Gonna Make This Year | The Food Lab"
2423:
1748:
383:
1987 Wisconsin license plate, displaying the farm graphic and the state's slogan.
2209:"Manure spraying takes hold on some Wisconsin farms - and not everybody's happy"
692:
345:
307:
103:
188:
2489:
407:
205:
2403:
2328:
2173:
1503:
2814:
2666:
2656:
2641:
2636:
2631:
2493:
1854:"'America's Dairyland' will stay on Wisconsin license plates, governor says"
1595:"Wisconsin dairy farms are growing — along with their immigrant work forces"
909:"DATCP Home Wisconsin Milk Marketing Board (dba Dairy Farmers of Wisconsin)"
450:
327:
285:
237:
209:
36:
2119:"Five years after massive manure spill, residents fighting for clean water"
938:
723:
589:
2308:
320:
297:
1388:"The 1870s Dairy Lobby Turned Margarine Pink So People Would Buy Butter"
1026:"Wisconsin Legislature ATCP 81 – Cheese Grading, Packaging and Labeling"
158:
2411:
2165:
2050:
1691:
352:. However, the larger groups ended their strike early to avoid losses.
119:
115:
344:
by Wisconsin dairy farmers attempting to raise the price of milk. The
2458:
59:
55:
996:"Want To Make Cheese In Wisconsin? It's Harder Than One Might Think"
378:
306:
247:
196:
cheese factory places a Wisconsin stamp on wheels of cheese (1922)
187:
157:
87:
32:
20:
326:
In 1895, the Wisconsin legislature prohibited the sale of yellow
2039:"On Wisconsin Icons: When You Say 'Wisconsin', What Do You Say?"
359:
When states, such as California, started to experiment with new
229:
123:
111:
51:
3490:
2462:
2448:
The Rise and Decline of the Wheat Growing Industry in Wisconsin
1973:
Journal, Mitchell Schmidt | Wisconsin State (August 20, 2021).
414:
311:
The first dairy school building at the University of Wisconsin
1564:"'America's Dairyland': Wisconsin's farmers see bleak future"
724:"What Is Dairy Farming, How Does It Work, and Why Is It Bad?"
1852:
Journal, Bill Novak | Wisconsin State (November 14, 2017).
2425:
The Dairy Industry of Wisconsin as a Geographic Adjustment
2150:"CAFOs and Surface Water Quality: Evidence from Wisconsin"
2069:"The Big Cheese: Cheesehead inventor profits from insults"
632:"Most Wisconsin farms listed as 'family-owned' operations"
2274:"Dead zones haunt Green Bay as manure fuels algae blooms"
1657:"Dairy Farmers Grapple with Economic Fallout of COVID-19"
410:" is a nickname for people from Wisconsin or fans of the
880:
Department of Agriculture, Trade and Consumer Protection
212:. Some varieties were invented in Wisconsin, including
2394:
Jacobs, Herbert (1951). "The Wisconsin Milk Strikes".
1449:"Wisconsin's wacky butter laws spread over centuries"
220:. Varieties of cheese produced in Wisconsin include
18:
Overview of the milk producing industry in Wisconsin
3524:
3093:
3033:
2843:
2768:
2733:
2665:
2599:
2512:
1914:"Wisconsin State Domesticated Animal | Dairy Cow"
1326:"Sylvia Deserves Much Credit for the Milk Tester"
1208:. Wisconsin Historical Society. August 3, 2012.
2313:. Madison: Wisconsin Historical Society Press.
876:"DATCP Home Wisconsin Agricultural Statistics"
506:"Dairy farming – still a challenging industry"
424:, which features a round of cheese, head of a
3502:
2474:
1777:'America's Dairyland' A nickname of Wisconsin
1357:"Dairy important to Wisconsin's past, future"
535:Dairy Business News Team DP (July 15, 2018).
106:. Wisconsin dairy farms almost entirely hold
8:
2045:. Vol. 85, no. 3. pp. 18–31.
1688:"COVID-19 Impact on Wisconsin Dairy Farmers"
114:of over 100. The cows are usually kept in a
2088:"Doyle flips decision, puts cow on quarter"
1884:"The Evolution of Wisconsin License Plates"
1296:"Colby Angles To Be Wisconsin's Big Cheese"
537:"Top Ten Milk Producing States in May 2018"
3509:
3495:
3487:
2481:
2467:
2459:
2154:American Journal of Agricultural Economics
754:"How the smaller dairy businesses compete"
662:"Wisconsin Monthly Dairy Farms Statistics"
2354:. State Historical Society of Wisconsin.
2148:Raff, Zach; Meyer, Andrew (May 4, 2021).
1231:LĂłpez-Alt, J. Kenji (February 28, 2017).
1193:
691:AbdulQuadri, Agbabiaka (April 12, 2022).
35:is a major industry in the U.S. state of
1750:Names and Nicknames of Places and Things
1686:Alexander, McKenna (November 16, 2020).
1148:
1090:"Wisconsin Legislature: Chapter ATCP 69"
2241:Kaeding, Danielle (February 16, 2022).
2057:from the original on December 26, 2018.
1336:from the original on September 22, 2021
1269:New England Cheesemaking Supply Company
969:"WIsconsin Production Share by Variety"
856:from the original on September 22, 2021
764:from the original on September 10, 2021
734:from the original on September 10, 2021
642:from the original on September 22, 2021
493:
2381:from the original on September 8, 2021
2358:from the original on September 8, 2021
2219:from the original on February 26, 2024
2117:Redman, Henry; Redman (June 2, 2022).
1985:from the original on September 8, 2021
1803:from the original on September 7, 2021
1767:from the original on September 6, 2015
1728:from the original on September 7, 2021
1698:from the original on November 17, 2020
1544:from the original on December 11, 2020
1477:
1306:from the original on September 4, 2021
1275:from the original on September 4, 2021
1212:from the original on November 11, 2020
1175:from the original on November 29, 2020
1130:from the original on September 7, 2021
1006:from the original on September 7, 2021
975:from the original on September 4, 2021
949:from the original on September 3, 2021
919:from the original on September 3, 2021
826:from the original on November 22, 2020
617:
568:
558:
185: kg) of cheese in the last year.
2236:
2234:
1954:from the original on January 16, 2021
1924:from the original on January 22, 2021
1833:from the original on October 24, 2020
1787:
1785:
1667:from the original on January 22, 2021
1527:
1525:
1163:Brockman, Amber (September 3, 2020).
1158:
1156:
1100:from the original on January 30, 2021
1053:
1051:
1036:from the original on January 30, 2021
903:
901:
794:from the original on October 10, 2022
596:from the original on December 5, 2020
547:from the original on January 22, 2021
92:Dairy cows at a Wisconsin family farm
7:
2284:from the original on January 8, 2024
613:
611:
584:
582:
516:from the original on October 1, 2020
499:
497:
3518:Dairy industry in the United States
2432:from the original on March 31, 2021
2428:. University of Wisconsin–Madison.
2335:from the original on March 31, 2021
1888:La Crosse County Historical Society
1605:from the original on March 14, 2021
1532:Barrett, Rick (February 18, 2020).
1510:from the original on April 17, 2016
1367:from the original on March 31, 2021
1245:from the original on April 14, 2020
1171:. University of Wisconsin–Oshkosh.
886:from the original on March 27, 2021
3803:Dairy farming in the United States
2037:Kapler, Joseph Jr. (Spring 2002).
1574:from the original on June 26, 2021
315:In 1890, Stephen Babcock from the
204:being one of the first, alongside
14:
2396:The Wisconsin Magazine of History
2253:from the original on May 17, 2024
2207:Bergquist, Lee (April 13, 2013).
2188:from the original on May 17, 2024
2043:The Wisconsin Magazine of History
2018:from the original on July 8, 2021
1944:"Wisconsin State Beverage | Milk"
1655:Clauss, Olivia (March 31, 2020).
1636:from the original on June 1, 2020
1459:from the original on May 17, 2021
1429:from the original on May 17, 2021
1398:from the original on May 18, 2021
1165:"Dare I Say We're a Dairy State?"
1058:Burns, Jane (September 4, 2010).
703:from the original on May 17, 2024
672:from the original on May 19, 2021
3470:
2129:from the original on May 1, 2024
1894:from the original on May 6, 2021
1864:from the original on May 6, 2021
1753:. Penguin Group USA. p. 8.
1593:Kushner, Jacobs (May 26, 2010).
1490:Barboza, David (June 28, 2001).
1070:from the original on May 7, 2021
504:Oncken, John (August 19, 2020).
2272:Egan, Dan (September 2, 2021).
1624:Barrett, Rick (April 3, 2020).
1120:"Butter licensing in Wisconsin"
317:University of Wisconsin–Madison
2445:Thompson, John Giffin (1909).
2004:Karnopp, Hope (July 7, 2021).
1718:"What is Wisconsin Known For?"
1294:White, Laurel (July 7, 2021).
994:Malina, Chris (June 1, 2016).
592:. Dairy Farmers of Wisconsin.
319:developed a test to determine
1:
2760:Twin Cities metropolitan area
1206:"Dairy Industry in Wisconsin"
939:"About us - Wisconsin Cheese"
80: kg) of milk per month.
43:, state's slogan, and on the
2398:. Vol. 35, no. 1.
1797:Wisconsin Historical Society
850:Wisconsin Historical Society
350:Farmers' Holiday Association
2755:Milwaukee metropolitan area
2700:Eastern Ridges and Lowlands
846:"cheesemaking in Wisconsin"
3824:
2278:Milwaukee Journal Sentinel
2213:Milwaukee Journal Sentinel
2092:Milwaukee Journal Sentinel
2011:Milwaukee Journal Sentinel
1775:– via Google Books.
1538:Milwaukee Journal-Sentinel
1423:Milwaukee Journal Sentinel
819:Milwaukee Journal-Sentinel
482:1933 Wisconsin milk strike
390:the state's license plates
151:
95:
54:, and the processing into
3466:
2750:Madison metropolitan area
2745:Chicago metropolitan area
2500:
2440:– via Google Books.
2371:Elbing, Walter H (1931).
1793:"Wisconsin State Symbols"
1747:Urdang, Laurence (1988).
1690:. Eau Claire, Wisconsin:
472:Minnesota-Wisconsin price
300:of their cheese factory,
130:Automatic milking systems
3798:Agriculture in Wisconsin
2735:Major metropolitan areas
2612:Administrative divisions
2348:Lampard, Eric E (1963).
1094:docs.legis.wisconsin.gov
1030:docs.legis.wisconsin.gov
693:"How To Feed Dairy Cows"
467:Agriculture in Wisconsin
340:, there was a series of
162:A "cheese cave" used to
2848:(pop. 15,000 to 50,000)
2420:Trewartha, Glenn Thomas
2307:Janus, Edward. (2011).
1361:Green Bay Press-Gazette
636:Green Bay Press-Gazette
443:airborne disease spread
134:Intensive dairy farming
1827:www.andrewturnbull.net
1300:Wisconsin Public Radio
1000:Wisconsin Public Radio
760:. September 10, 2021.
510:Wisconsin State Farmer
428:, and an ear of corn.
384:
312:
259:
197:
167:
93:
41:state's license plates
29:
2715:Lake Superior Lowland
1570:. February 23, 2020.
1332:. February 11, 1915.
1126:. September 4, 2010.
382:
375:Cultural significance
310:
251:
191:
161:
91:
64:refrigerated rail car
24:
3808:Economy of Wisconsin
3477:Wisconsin portal
1724:. October 24, 2018.
1392:Smithsonian Magazine
822:. December 6, 2019.
477:Wisconsin dairy barn
432:Environmental impact
336:In 1933, during the
257:Hillsboro, Wisconsin
2738:(pop. over 500,000)
2591:Tourist attractions
1948:statesymbolsusa.org
1455:. January 9, 2019.
943:wisconsincheese.com
541:Dairy Business News
294:Detroit-style pizza
170:Wisconsin has been
3038:(pop. over 15,000)
2773:(pop. over 50,000)
2374:Wisconsin Dairying
2166:10.1111/ajae.12222
2123:Wisconsin Examiner
1950:. April 26, 2014.
1920:. April 25, 2014.
1496:The New York Times
852:. August 3, 2012.
571:has generic name (
447:toxic algal blooms
385:
313:
260:
198:
168:
104:family-owned farms
94:
30:
3785:
3784:
3484:
3483:
2720:Northern Highland
2320:978-0-87020-509-5
2098:on March 21, 2007
2086:Walters, Steven.
2075:on July 14, 2014.
1918:State Symbols USA
1661:The Badger Herald
1169:The Advance-Titan
412:Green Bay Packers
369:COVID-19 pandemic
27:Western Wisconsin
3815:
3511:
3504:
3497:
3488:
3475:
3474:
3473:
3085:Pleasant Prairie
3035:Largest villages
3025:Wisconsin Rapids
2710:Great River Road
2705:Fox River Valley
2483:
2476:
2469:
2460:
2455:
2453:
2441:
2439:
2437:
2415:
2390:
2388:
2386:
2367:
2365:
2363:
2344:
2342:
2340:
2294:
2293:
2291:
2289:
2269:
2263:
2262:
2260:
2258:
2238:
2229:
2228:
2226:
2224:
2204:
2198:
2197:
2195:
2193:
2145:
2139:
2138:
2136:
2134:
2114:
2108:
2107:
2105:
2103:
2094:. Archived from
2083:
2077:
2076:
2071:. Archived from
2065:
2059:
2058:
2034:
2028:
2027:
2025:
2023:
2001:
1995:
1994:
1992:
1990:
1970:
1964:
1963:
1961:
1959:
1940:
1934:
1933:
1931:
1929:
1910:
1904:
1903:
1901:
1899:
1880:
1874:
1873:
1871:
1869:
1849:
1843:
1842:
1840:
1838:
1819:
1813:
1812:
1810:
1808:
1799:. May 23, 2012.
1789:
1780:
1779:
1774:
1772:
1744:
1738:
1737:
1735:
1733:
1714:
1708:
1707:
1705:
1703:
1683:
1677:
1676:
1674:
1672:
1652:
1646:
1645:
1643:
1641:
1621:
1615:
1614:
1612:
1610:
1590:
1584:
1583:
1581:
1579:
1560:
1554:
1553:
1551:
1549:
1529:
1520:
1519:
1517:
1515:
1487:
1481:
1475:
1469:
1468:
1466:
1464:
1445:
1439:
1438:
1436:
1434:
1414:
1408:
1407:
1405:
1403:
1383:
1377:
1376:
1374:
1372:
1352:
1346:
1345:
1343:
1341:
1330:Lancaster Teller
1322:
1316:
1315:
1313:
1311:
1291:
1285:
1284:
1282:
1280:
1261:
1255:
1254:
1252:
1250:
1228:
1222:
1221:
1219:
1217:
1202:
1196:
1194:Trewartha (1924)
1191:
1185:
1184:
1182:
1180:
1160:
1151:
1146:
1140:
1139:
1137:
1135:
1116:
1110:
1109:
1107:
1105:
1086:
1080:
1079:
1077:
1075:
1055:
1046:
1045:
1043:
1041:
1022:
1016:
1015:
1013:
1011:
991:
985:
984:
982:
980:
965:
959:
958:
956:
954:
935:
929:
928:
926:
924:
905:
896:
895:
893:
891:
872:
866:
865:
863:
861:
842:
836:
835:
833:
831:
810:
804:
803:
801:
799:
780:
774:
773:
771:
769:
750:
744:
743:
741:
739:
719:
713:
712:
710:
708:
688:
682:
681:
679:
677:
666:Wisconsin Cheese
658:
652:
651:
649:
647:
630:Phelps, Nathan.
627:
621:
615:
606:
605:
603:
601:
586:
577:
576:
570:
566:
564:
556:
554:
552:
532:
526:
525:
523:
521:
501:
401:World Dairy Expo
338:Great Depression
302:Colby, Wisconsin
268:
267:
181:
180:
154:Wisconsin cheese
76:
75:
3823:
3822:
3818:
3817:
3816:
3814:
3813:
3812:
3788:
3787:
3786:
3781:
3520:
3515:
3485:
3480:
3471:
3469:
3462:
3089:
3075:Menomonee Falls
3037:
3029:
2985:South Milwaukee
2847:
2839:
2772:
2764:
2737:
2729:
2685:Chippewa Valley
2675:Apostle Islands
2661:
2595:
2508:
2496:
2487:
2451:
2444:
2435:
2433:
2418:
2393:
2384:
2382:
2370:
2361:
2359:
2347:
2338:
2336:
2321:
2306:
2303:
2298:
2297:
2287:
2285:
2271:
2270:
2266:
2256:
2254:
2240:
2239:
2232:
2222:
2220:
2206:
2205:
2201:
2191:
2189:
2147:
2146:
2142:
2132:
2130:
2116:
2115:
2111:
2101:
2099:
2085:
2084:
2080:
2067:
2066:
2062:
2036:
2035:
2031:
2021:
2019:
2003:
2002:
1998:
1988:
1986:
1972:
1971:
1967:
1957:
1955:
1942:
1941:
1937:
1927:
1925:
1912:
1911:
1907:
1897:
1895:
1882:
1881:
1877:
1867:
1865:
1851:
1850:
1846:
1836:
1834:
1821:
1820:
1816:
1806:
1804:
1791:
1790:
1783:
1770:
1768:
1761:
1746:
1745:
1741:
1731:
1729:
1716:
1715:
1711:
1701:
1699:
1685:
1684:
1680:
1670:
1668:
1654:
1653:
1649:
1639:
1637:
1623:
1622:
1618:
1608:
1606:
1599:Wisconsin Watch
1592:
1591:
1587:
1577:
1575:
1562:
1561:
1557:
1547:
1545:
1531:
1530:
1523:
1513:
1511:
1489:
1488:
1484:
1480:, p. 30–35
1476:
1472:
1462:
1460:
1447:
1446:
1442:
1432:
1430:
1416:
1415:
1411:
1401:
1399:
1385:
1384:
1380:
1370:
1368:
1355:Robson, James.
1354:
1353:
1349:
1339:
1337:
1324:
1323:
1319:
1309:
1307:
1293:
1292:
1288:
1278:
1276:
1263:
1262:
1258:
1248:
1246:
1230:
1229:
1225:
1215:
1213:
1204:
1203:
1199:
1192:
1188:
1178:
1176:
1162:
1161:
1154:
1149:Thompson (1909)
1147:
1143:
1133:
1131:
1118:
1117:
1113:
1103:
1101:
1088:
1087:
1083:
1073:
1071:
1057:
1056:
1049:
1039:
1037:
1024:
1023:
1019:
1009:
1007:
993:
992:
988:
978:
976:
967:
966:
962:
952:
950:
937:
936:
932:
922:
920:
907:
906:
899:
889:
887:
874:
873:
869:
859:
857:
844:
843:
839:
829:
827:
812:
811:
807:
797:
795:
782:
781:
777:
767:
765:
752:
751:
747:
737:
735:
721:
720:
716:
706:
704:
690:
689:
685:
675:
673:
660:
659:
655:
645:
643:
629:
628:
624:
616:
609:
599:
597:
588:
587:
580:
567:
557:
550:
548:
534:
533:
529:
519:
517:
503:
502:
495:
490:
463:
434:
377:
292:traditional on
278:
265:
263:
246:
178:
176:
156:
150:
142:
110:, typically in
100:
86:
73:
71:
19:
12:
11:
5:
3821:
3819:
3811:
3810:
3805:
3800:
3790:
3789:
3783:
3782:
3780:
3779:
3774:
3769:
3764:
3759:
3754:
3749:
3744:
3739:
3734:
3729:
3727:South Carolina
3724:
3719:
3714:
3709:
3704:
3699:
3694:
3692:North Carolina
3689:
3684:
3679:
3674:
3669:
3664:
3659:
3654:
3649:
3644:
3639:
3634:
3629:
3624:
3619:
3614:
3609:
3604:
3599:
3594:
3589:
3584:
3579:
3574:
3569:
3564:
3559:
3554:
3549:
3544:
3539:
3534:
3528:
3526:
3522:
3521:
3516:
3514:
3513:
3506:
3499:
3491:
3482:
3481:
3467:
3464:
3463:
3461:
3460:
3455:
3450:
3445:
3440:
3435:
3430:
3425:
3420:
3415:
3410:
3405:
3400:
3395:
3390:
3385:
3380:
3375:
3370:
3365:
3360:
3355:
3350:
3345:
3340:
3335:
3330:
3325:
3320:
3315:
3310:
3305:
3300:
3295:
3290:
3285:
3280:
3275:
3270:
3265:
3260:
3255:
3250:
3245:
3240:
3235:
3230:
3225:
3220:
3215:
3210:
3205:
3200:
3195:
3190:
3185:
3180:
3175:
3170:
3165:
3160:
3155:
3150:
3145:
3140:
3135:
3130:
3125:
3120:
3115:
3110:
3105:
3099:
3097:
3091:
3090:
3088:
3087:
3082:
3080:Mount Pleasant
3077:
3072:
3067:
3062:
3057:
3052:
3047:
3041:
3039:
3031:
3030:
3028:
3027:
3022:
3017:
3012:
3007:
3002:
2997:
2992:
2987:
2982:
2977:
2972:
2967:
2962:
2957:
2952:
2947:
2942:
2937:
2932:
2927:
2922:
2917:
2912:
2907:
2902:
2897:
2892:
2887:
2882:
2877:
2872:
2867:
2862:
2857:
2851:
2849:
2845:Smaller cities
2841:
2840:
2838:
2837:
2832:
2827:
2822:
2817:
2812:
2807:
2802:
2797:
2792:
2787:
2782:
2776:
2774:
2770:Largest cities
2766:
2765:
2763:
2762:
2757:
2752:
2747:
2741:
2739:
2731:
2730:
2728:
2727:
2725:Western Upland
2722:
2717:
2712:
2707:
2702:
2697:
2695:Driftless Area
2692:
2690:Door Peninsula
2687:
2682:
2677:
2671:
2669:
2663:
2662:
2660:
2659:
2654:
2649:
2644:
2639:
2634:
2629:
2624:
2619:
2614:
2609:
2603:
2601:
2597:
2596:
2594:
2593:
2588:
2583:
2578:
2573:
2568:
2563:
2558:
2557:
2556:
2551:
2541:
2539:Climate change
2536:
2535:
2534:
2532:Dairy industry
2524:
2518:
2516:
2510:
2509:
2501:
2498:
2497:
2488:
2486:
2485:
2478:
2471:
2463:
2457:
2456:
2442:
2416:
2391:
2368:
2345:
2319:
2302:
2299:
2296:
2295:
2264:
2230:
2199:
2160:(1): 161–189.
2140:
2109:
2078:
2060:
2029:
1996:
1965:
1935:
1905:
1875:
1844:
1814:
1781:
1759:
1739:
1709:
1678:
1647:
1616:
1585:
1555:
1521:
1482:
1470:
1440:
1417:Foran, Chris.
1409:
1386:Eschner, Kat.
1378:
1347:
1317:
1286:
1256:
1223:
1197:
1186:
1152:
1141:
1111:
1081:
1047:
1017:
986:
960:
930:
897:
867:
837:
805:
788:farmflavor.com
775:
745:
728:Sentient Media
714:
683:
653:
622:
607:
578:
527:
492:
491:
489:
486:
485:
484:
479:
474:
469:
462:
459:
438:Manure lagoons
433:
430:
376:
373:
277:
274:
245:
242:
192:A worker in a
152:Main article:
149:
146:
141:
138:
96:Main article:
85:
82:
25:Dairy farm in
17:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3820:
3809:
3806:
3804:
3801:
3799:
3796:
3795:
3793:
3778:
3775:
3773:
3770:
3768:
3767:West Virginia
3765:
3763:
3760:
3758:
3755:
3753:
3750:
3748:
3745:
3743:
3740:
3738:
3735:
3733:
3730:
3728:
3725:
3723:
3720:
3718:
3715:
3713:
3710:
3708:
3705:
3703:
3700:
3698:
3695:
3693:
3690:
3688:
3685:
3683:
3680:
3678:
3675:
3673:
3672:New Hampshire
3670:
3668:
3665:
3663:
3660:
3658:
3655:
3653:
3650:
3648:
3645:
3643:
3640:
3638:
3635:
3633:
3632:Massachusetts
3630:
3628:
3625:
3623:
3620:
3618:
3615:
3613:
3610:
3608:
3605:
3603:
3600:
3598:
3595:
3593:
3590:
3588:
3585:
3583:
3580:
3578:
3575:
3573:
3570:
3568:
3565:
3563:
3560:
3558:
3555:
3553:
3550:
3548:
3545:
3543:
3540:
3538:
3535:
3533:
3530:
3529:
3527:
3523:
3519:
3512:
3507:
3505:
3500:
3498:
3493:
3492:
3489:
3479:
3478:
3465:
3459:
3456:
3454:
3451:
3449:
3446:
3444:
3441:
3439:
3436:
3434:
3431:
3429:
3426:
3424:
3421:
3419:
3416:
3414:
3411:
3409:
3406:
3404:
3401:
3399:
3396:
3394:
3391:
3389:
3386:
3384:
3381:
3379:
3376:
3374:
3371:
3369:
3366:
3364:
3361:
3359:
3356:
3354:
3351:
3349:
3346:
3344:
3341:
3339:
3336:
3334:
3331:
3329:
3326:
3324:
3321:
3319:
3316:
3314:
3311:
3309:
3306:
3304:
3301:
3299:
3296:
3294:
3291:
3289:
3286:
3284:
3281:
3279:
3276:
3274:
3271:
3269:
3266:
3264:
3261:
3259:
3256:
3254:
3251:
3249:
3246:
3244:
3241:
3239:
3236:
3234:
3231:
3229:
3226:
3224:
3221:
3219:
3216:
3214:
3211:
3209:
3206:
3204:
3201:
3199:
3196:
3194:
3191:
3189:
3186:
3184:
3181:
3179:
3176:
3174:
3171:
3169:
3166:
3164:
3161:
3159:
3156:
3154:
3151:
3149:
3146:
3144:
3141:
3139:
3136:
3134:
3131:
3129:
3126:
3124:
3121:
3119:
3116:
3114:
3111:
3109:
3106:
3104:
3101:
3100:
3098:
3096:
3092:
3086:
3083:
3081:
3078:
3076:
3073:
3071:
3068:
3066:
3063:
3061:
3058:
3056:
3053:
3051:
3048:
3046:
3043:
3042:
3040:
3036:
3032:
3026:
3023:
3021:
3018:
3016:
3013:
3011:
3008:
3006:
3003:
3001:
2998:
2996:
2993:
2991:
2990:Stevens Point
2988:
2986:
2983:
2981:
2978:
2976:
2973:
2971:
2968:
2966:
2963:
2961:
2958:
2956:
2953:
2951:
2948:
2946:
2943:
2941:
2938:
2936:
2933:
2931:
2928:
2926:
2923:
2921:
2918:
2916:
2913:
2911:
2908:
2906:
2903:
2901:
2898:
2896:
2893:
2891:
2888:
2886:
2883:
2881:
2878:
2876:
2873:
2871:
2868:
2866:
2863:
2861:
2858:
2856:
2853:
2852:
2850:
2846:
2842:
2836:
2833:
2831:
2828:
2826:
2823:
2821:
2818:
2816:
2813:
2811:
2808:
2806:
2803:
2801:
2798:
2796:
2793:
2791:
2788:
2786:
2783:
2781:
2778:
2777:
2775:
2771:
2767:
2761:
2758:
2756:
2753:
2751:
2748:
2746:
2743:
2742:
2740:
2736:
2732:
2726:
2723:
2721:
2718:
2716:
2713:
2711:
2708:
2706:
2703:
2701:
2698:
2696:
2693:
2691:
2688:
2686:
2683:
2681:
2680:Central Plain
2678:
2676:
2673:
2672:
2670:
2668:
2664:
2658:
2655:
2653:
2650:
2648:
2645:
2643:
2640:
2638:
2635:
2633:
2630:
2628:
2625:
2623:
2620:
2618:
2615:
2613:
2610:
2608:
2605:
2604:
2602:
2598:
2592:
2589:
2587:
2584:
2582:
2579:
2577:
2574:
2572:
2569:
2567:
2564:
2562:
2559:
2555:
2552:
2550:
2547:
2546:
2545:
2542:
2540:
2537:
2533:
2530:
2529:
2528:
2525:
2523:
2520:
2519:
2517:
2515:
2511:
2506:
2505:
2499:
2495:
2491:
2484:
2479:
2477:
2472:
2470:
2465:
2464:
2461:
2450:
2449:
2443:
2431:
2427:
2426:
2421:
2417:
2413:
2409:
2405:
2401:
2397:
2392:
2380:
2376:
2375:
2369:
2357:
2353:
2352:
2346:
2334:
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3562:Connecticut
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3045:Ashwaubenon
2995:Sun Prairie
2975:River Falls
2885:Fond du Lac
2652:LGBT rights
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2257:January 20,
2223:January 20,
2192:January 20,
2133:January 20,
1979:madison.com
1858:madison.com
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1671:December 8,
1640:December 8,
1548:December 8,
1514:December 8,
1453:OnMilwaukee
1216:December 2,
1179:December 5,
1124:madison.com
1064:madison.com
798:October 10,
722:Kim, Hemi.
707:October 10,
620:, p. 2
600:December 2,
590:"Our Farms"
551:December 2,
520:December 2,
408:Cheeseheads
346:cooperative
164:age cheeses
3792:Categories
3762:Washington
3682:New Mexico
3677:New Jersey
3552:California
3433:Washington
3218:Green Lake
3188:Eau Claire
3065:Germantown
2965:Oconomowoc
2955:New Berlin
2920:Marshfield
2895:Greenfield
2865:Brookfield
2855:Beaver Dam
2835:West Allis
2795:Janesville
2785:Eau Claire
1722:WorldAtlas
488:References
455:dead zones
451:fish kills
286:feed crops
206:mozzarella
194:New Glarus
108:dairy cows
68:California
3772:Wisconsin
3737:Tennessee
3642:Minnesota
3617:Louisiana
3453:Winnebago
3398:St. Croix
3393:Sheboygan
3323:Outagamie
3303:Milwaukee
3298:Menominee
3293:Marquette
3288:Marinette
3278:Manitowoc
3263:Lafayette
3258:La Crosse
3238:Jefferson
3055:Caledonia
3020:West Bend
3015:Wauwatosa
3005:Watertown
2980:Sheboygan
2960:Oak Creek
2940:Middleton
2930:Menomonie
2915:Manitowoc
2880:Fitchburg
2815:Milwaukee
2805:La Crosse
2790:Green Bay
2642:Education
2561:Governors
2544:Geography
2507:(capital)
2494:Wisconsin
2404:0043-6534
2329:809669842
2182:235528157
2174:0002-9092
2102:March 30,
1928:March 27,
1630:USA Today
1609:March 27,
1504:0362-4331
1371:March 23,
1340:April 29,
1249:April 22,
860:March 27,
830:March 23,
697:Justagric
561:cite news
328:margarine
255:plant in
240:content.
210:provolone
37:Wisconsin
3757:Virginia
3707:Oklahoma
3687:New York
3662:Nebraska
3652:Missouri
3637:Michigan
3627:Maryland
3612:Kentucky
3592:Illinois
3567:Delaware
3557:Colorado
3547:Arkansas
3448:Waushara
3438:Waukesha
3428:Washburn
3423:Walworth
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3268:Langlade
3253:Kewaunee
3193:Florence
3158:Crawford
3153:Columbia
3143:Chippewa
3118:Bayfield
3095:Counties
3050:Bellevue
3000:Superior
2970:Onalaska
2910:Kaukauna
2900:Hartford
2890:Franklin
2830:Waukesha
2780:Appleton
2657:Politics
2647:Gun laws
2617:Cannabis
2607:Abortion
2430:Archived
2422:(1924).
2379:Archived
2356:Archived
2333:Archived
2282:Archived
2251:Archived
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2127:Archived
2055:Archived
2016:Archived
1983:Archived
1952:Archived
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1068:Archived
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973:Archived
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947:Archived
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884:Archived
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824:Archived
792:Archived
762:Archived
732:Archived
701:Archived
670:Archived
640:Archived
594:Archived
545:Archived
514:Archived
461:See also
418:football
298:township
226:muenster
140:Products
3777:Wyoming
3752:Vermont
3657:Montana
3597:Indiana
3577:Georgia
3572:Florida
3542:Arizona
3532:Alabama
3443:Waupaca
3388:Shawano
3348:Portage
3328:Ozaukee
3273:Lincoln
3248:Kenosha
3233:Jackson
3178:Douglas
3138:Calumet
3133:Burnett
3128:Buffalo
3108:Ashland
2945:Muskego
2925:Menasha
2875:De Pere
2820:Oshkosh
2810:Madison
2800:Kenosha
2667:Regions
2637:Economy
2627:Culture
2600:Society
2586:Symbols
2571:History
2549:Islands
2522:Outline
2504:Madison
2412:4632334
2301:Sources
2051:4636969
1771:May 25,
1692:WQOW-TV
1578:May 17,
1463:May 17,
1433:May 17,
1402:May 18,
890:May 12,
676:May 19,
646:May 19,
397:Madison
342:strikes
321:milkfat
276:History
238:milkfat
222:cheddar
122:in the
116:pasture
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3712:Oregon
3667:Nevada
3607:Kansas
3582:Hawaii
3537:Alaska
3525:States
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3403:Taylor
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3358:Racine
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3318:Oneida
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3308:Monroe
3243:Juneau
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3368:Rock
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3228:Iron
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