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length of chain that was connected to counterbalance weights housed in chain wells to maintain tension. As the ropes stretched with use, chain links were removed to compensate. The periodical "Engineering" carried a full description, including drawings, plans and sections, for Bridge Number 8 in the issue dated 26 November 1897.
691:
Upon construction, a set of plans for this vessel appeared in Volume 63 of the periodical "Engineering" in the issue dated 26 November 1897. Declared unsafe for further service following a survey in 1961, she was sold to Kemp's yard at
Bitterne Manor as a fuelling pontoon for the marina. The engines
435:
c. cix) allowing the tolls to again be raised and the exemptions to be reduced resulted in the bridge returning to service. New railway lines resulted in further difficulties in the 1860s but these were largely resolved by an 1886 act of
Parliament that removed most of the remaining toll exemptions.
509:
In 1880 the ferry was still using chains, replaced by cables between 1878 and 1887. They are first seen in pictures of
Floating Bridge No. 7, built in 1892 by Day, Summers and Co. Each rope weighed nearly 2 tons and had an average life of nine months in normal use. Each end was attached to a short
478:
The final public crossing by the ferries was a return trip on 11 June 1977 starting at 22:00. 500 passengers were carried on each ferry with special tickets including a glass of wine in specially inscribed glasses. After the return crossings had been completed fireworks were launched from the west
409:
The bridge began operation on 23 November 1836. It was largely reliant on long-distance travellers for profit since at the time few people lived on the east bank of the Itchen and those that did often qualified for toll exemptions. The
Northam Bridge Company responded to the opening of the floating
1007:
Both the
Southampton and Woolston hards have been redeveloped, and the last surviving significant artifacts of the Woolston Ferry are the engines of bridges 8 and 9, and the hull of Bridge Number 8. This is located in the Elephant Boatyard in Bursledon and served as the popular Ferry Restaurant on
804:
One of the last two diesel bridges delivered, thought to be number 14, was converted to a floating workshop and office at Kemp's boatyard below
Northam Bridge on the East bank of the River Itchen. By 2004 it was moored in a wet dock next to Belvidere Wharf on the West Bank. The superstructure had
94:
In the 1970s two diesel ferries operated side by side during the day with a single ferry late in the evening. There was a bus terminus at both hards on either side of the crossing, connecting foot passengers with the centre of
Southampton and the city's south eastern suburbs. A maintenance slipway
474:
In 1970 a report prepared as part of the planning for the Itchen bridge it was noted that all the floating bridges would need to be replaced or undergo significant refits by 1980 in order to remain seaworthy. This among other factors pushed the city council to move towards constructing a fixed
95:
and cradle were built to the North of the
Woolston hard to enable the ferries (or "Bridges") to be hauled out of the water. The third (or spare) diesel ferry was often to be found moored off the wires on the Southampton side of the river to the North of the hard in later years.
516:
Originally the ferries were lit by oil lamps. Ferry No 3 was fitted with gas lamps from new in 1862 but reverted to oil in 1869. In the early 20th century, electric lights were fitted to No 8, powered by a steam-driven dynamo, replaced by a Lister diesel in 1949.
57:
499:. Initially there was one pair of chains across the river, both being used for propulsion. With the introduction of the lighter iron-hulled ferry No 2 in 1854, only the north chain was used for propulsion, the second chain being for guidance only.
49:
763:
First of three diesel powered bridges, distinguishable from the latter two by having open end areas. Beached on the north side of the
Woolston hard after withdrawal, on the site of the maintenance slipway. Served as a bar and club, called
422:
c. lxviii) was obtained, allowing the company to raise tolls and borrow 12,000. Competition from railways resulted in the company going bankrupt at the end of 1849 and bridge operations ceased. A further act of
Parliament, the
475:
bridge. During the construction of the bridge the building works blocked the view of the ferry up the river so a watchtower had to be placed on the construction jetties to signal when ships were approaching from upstream.
436:
In 1879 an additional set of chains were run across the river in order to support pedestrian only bridge. Traffic levels dropped again after 1929 when Southampton council purchased Northam bridge and made it toll free.
208:
voiced its objection arguing that the bridge would interfere with the navigation of the Itchen. The Admiralty suggested a steam driven floating bridge as an alternative and a revised bill was passed on 25 July as the
450:
During World War two the bridges were under orders to cease operations during air raids but in practice they continued operating in some cases. Close to D-Day the sheer number of ships in Southampton meant the
893:, a toll house was built. This became a Coffee Tavern when a ticket office was built for the ferry in 1836. The toll-house/Coffee Tavern building survived until 1970. The ticket office was demolished in 1954.
849:
The term 'floating bridge' has been commonly used in Southampton and it is still in use, more than 30 years after the ferry was taken out of service. The terminology was immortalised in the 1956 painting
746:
Built in a hurry to replace No 7, she was completed in under six months. The last steam-powered ferry, she also ended up at Kemp's yard where the upper works were removed ready for use as pontoon.
700:
as "The Ferry Restaurant" until 31 December 2019 - the last known surviving bridge. Currently, it serves as offices for the Elephant Boatyard. Future plans for this bridge are unknown.
200:
The original plans were introduced in 1833 for a conventional bridge with a swivelling section in the middle. Opposition came from a number of sources including local fishermen and the
91:
Initially there was one ferry, built and owned by the Floating Bridge Company, increased to two operating side by side in 1881. In 1934 the company was sold to Southampton Corporation.
513:
Floating Bridge No. 11 and the two subsequent ferries were powered by diesel engines. The switch from steam to diesel meant it was possible to reduce the crew from three to two
696:
in Cornwall, but are now in the care of Southampton City Council along with those from number 9. It served as a floating restaurant moored in the Elephant Boatyard at
52:
The Woolston Floating Bridge crossing the River Itchen shortly before it was taken out of service, seen from the Itchen Bridge, the concrete structure that replaced it
557:
Wooden-hulled craft with a central cabin containing the boiler and engines flanked by twin roadways. The latter had cross-battens to give horses a better footing.
506:
shipyard just downstream from the crossing. This necessitated the installation of a second set of chains to allow both types of ferry to operate simultaneously.
480:
1664:
18:
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A steam launch designed for pedestrian traffic. She proved to be unsuitable, with a number of accidents to passengers while boarding and disembarking.
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was constructed, starting in 1839, to serve the ferry. This project was initiated by four of the proprietors of the Floating Bridge company, including
1654:
1614:
371:
279:
140:
447:. c. xcix), purchased the company at a price of £23,013 set at arbitration. A half hourly overnight service was introduced in February 1937.
410:
bridge by cutting its tolls and the floating bridge company initially suffered from poor financial performance. A new act of Parliament, the
274:
An Act for amending and enlarging the Powers of Acts for establishing a floating Bridge over the River Itchen near the Town of Southampton.
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60:
The Woolston Floating Bridge embarking passengers on the Southampton side of the River Itchen on its last day of service (11 June 1977)
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in Cornwall, but are now in the care of Southampton City Council along with those from number 8. She was due to be transferred to the
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In 1879 a pedestrian-only ferry was introduced, followed by a second in 1881 to service the growing workmen traffic heading for the
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is an affectionate description of the technology rather than the name of the crossing. The term was first used by the engineer
496:
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Iron-hulled craft with a central roadway with two side sponsons. The boiler was in one sponson and the engine in the other.
204:. An attempt to obtain an article of parliament for the bridge's construction was made in early 1834 but at this point the
929:, the proprietors of the Floating Bridge company were able to poach some of the passengers that would otherwise have used
229:
The initial bridge cost £5,945 and was built in Plymouth. A further £23,000 was spent on roads either side of the bridge.
846:
spanning the whole width of the crossing, to which the term Floating Bridge is more widely applied and thought of today.
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440:
394:
1429:
Farewell to the Floating Bridges A Pictorial History of floating-Bridge Operation in Southampton from 1833 to 1977
1414:
Farewell to the Floating Bridges A Pictorial History of floating-Bridge Operation in Southampton from 1833 to 1977
1264:
Farewell to the Floating Bridges A Pictorial History of floating-Bridge Operation in Southampton from 1833 to 1977
1219:
Farewell to the Floating Bridges A Pictorial History of floating-Bridge Operation in Southampton from 1833 to 1977
1157:
Farewell to the Floating Bridges A Pictorial History of floating-Bridge Operation in Southampton from 1833 to 1977
608:
455:
was unable to access its usual Southampton landing point and the floating bridges were used as landing stages.
968:
and painted the bridge. The painting is now part of the collection in the Southampton Guildhall Art Gallery.
906:
670:
Slightly smaller than the earlier carriage ferries. She sank on 8 March 1928 after a collision with the tug
192:
331:
73:
1619:
1551:
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Forest Tracks – WOOLSTON FERRY/BACK IN SOUTHAMPTON Gutta Percha & The Balladeers FT CDS1 Bespoke CD-R
862:
269:
674:, but was salvaged. She was not used again and ended her days as a pontoon at the Supermarine works.
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865:, which still provides a similar service in a similar situation just a few miles away, across the
458:
The council stopped charging tolls for pedestrians and cyclists using the bridge in October 1946.
1431:. Southampton City Transport and Southampton University Industrial Archaeology Group. p. 11.
635:
A pedestrian-only ferry to cope with shipyard workers commuting to Thorneycroft's Woolston yard.
1416:. Southampton City Transport and Southampton University Industrial Archaeology Group. p. 7.
1266:. Southampton City Transport and Southampton University Industrial Archaeology Group. p. 5.
1221:. Southampton City Transport and Southampton University Industrial Archaeology Group. p. 3.
1159:. Southampton City Transport and Southampton University Industrial Archaeology Group. p. 1.
1574:
595:
On withdrawal, the hull, along with that of No 2, was used as the basis for a houseboat on the
1507:
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910:
444:
205:
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until 31 December 2019 when it closed down. The bridge still remains to this day as offices.
858:, and is remembered in Floating Bridge Road which leads to the site of the Southampton Hard.
805:
been removed to form a pontoon by 2007, and it finally disappeared at some time before 2012.
439:
In 1934 Southampton council, having gained compulsory purchase powers from Parliament in the
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Sold to Kemps yard on withdrawal, the engines were removed and initially preserved at
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from 23 November 1836 until 11 June 1977. It was taken out of service after the new
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Woolston floating bridge at Kemps Quay marina used as offices and workshops, 2002
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941:. The inevitable further development alongside the road further eroded the
1603:
1135:
A History of Southampton 1700–1914 Vol.I An Oligarchy in Decline 1700–1835
1067:
Southampton. A pictorial peep into the past. Southern Newspapers Ltd. 1980
964:
The artist visited Southampton when visiting his friend and fellow artist
917:, which at the time was a toll bridge. By building a road that linked the
831:
792:
221:. c. lxxxv) despite further opposition from the Northam Bridge Company.
926:
1629:
726:
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1 steam powered 2 cylinder compound Overhead grasshopper beam engine
389:
312:
173:
1446:"Geograph:: Poldark Mine - floating bridge steam... (C) Chris Allen"
479:
bank of the Itchen. On 12 June a further crossing was made carrying
870:
465:
427:
Southampton and Itchen Floating Bridge and Road Amendment Act 1851
346:
Southampton and Itchen Floating Bridge and Road Amendment Act 1851
55:
47:
818:
The Floating Bridge was technically called the Woolston ferry.
743:
1 steam powered 2 cylinder compound centre-pivot beam engine
714:
1 steam powered 2 cylinder compound centre-pivot beam engine
768:, for some years until destroyed by fire in the late 1980s.
983:
If you are ever up in Sholing and you want to go to town,
989:
Take a trip across the ferry, take a trip across the sea
483:
as part of the naming ceremony for the new Itchen bridge
861:
The term 'floating bridge' has also been applied to the
1116:
Farewell to the Floating Bridges. SCT & SUIAG. 1977
1359:
The missing link : The story of the Itchen Bridge
1344:
The missing link : The story of the Itchen Bridge
1324:
The missing link : The story of the Itchen Bridge
1309:
The missing link : The story of the Itchen Bridge
1294:
The missing link : The story of the Itchen Bridge
1279:
The missing link : The story of the Itchen Bridge
1249:
The missing link : The story of the Itchen Bridge
1234:
The missing link : The story of the Itchen Bridge
1199:
The missing link : The story of the Itchen Bridge
1181:
The missing link : The story of the Itchen Bridge
998:
It was never built for comfort, it was built to last.
994:
Oh, the Woolston ferry, it doesn't travel very fast,
885:
In 1820, whilst the crossing was still served by the
826:, who had previously implemented a similar design of
1625:
The Itchen Bridge and its Association with Transport
1374:
Engineering, Volume 63, issue dated 26 November 1897
953:to establish itself as a village in its own right.
842:in 1840 No variant of the ferry took the form of a
725:in 1974 but is believed to have sunk under tow off
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1137:. The University of Southampton. pp. 169–171.
987:Don't go via Bitterne, that's the long way round,
838:in Devon. The same technology was applied to the
1504:South Coast Railways – Portsmouth to Southampton
1086:The Illustrated History of Southampton's Suburbs
1046:Port cities website- Southampton floating bridge
491:When introduced in 1838, it was a wooden-hulled
981:
414:Itchen Bridge and Roads Acts Amendment Act 1839
244:Itchen Bridge and Roads Acts Amendment Act 1839
1128:
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991:and if you're pedestrian you can go for free.
1542:The changing face of Hedge End. Joyce B Blyth
1538:
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1532:
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1346:. Southampton City Council. pp. 117–119.
971:"The Woolston Ferry" is a 1977 folk song, by
8:
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1380:
801:2 159 hp Leyland Atlantean bus engines
782:2 159 hp Leyland Atlantean bus engines
760:2 159 hp Leyland Atlantean bus engines
1370:
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1337:
1335:
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1311:. Southampton City Council. pp. 52–53.
1296:. Southampton City Council. pp. 54–55.
1236:. Southampton City Council. pp. 33–34.
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1361:. Southampton City Council. p. 125.
1326:. Southampton City Council. p. 102.
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1146:
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692:were removed and initially preserved at
524:
1281:. Southampton City Council. p. 39.
1251:. Southampton City Council. p. 38.
1201:. Southampton City Council. p. 19.
1183:. Southampton City Council. p. 17.
1033:
1494:Google Earth dated aerial photo layers
1063:
1061:
1059:
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332:Text of statute as originally enacted
193:Text of statute as originally enacted
7:
1665:Chain ferries in the United Kingdom
1575:"Geograph:: Beam Engines in the UK"
708:Mordey Carney & Co of Woolston
14:
1660:1977 disestablishments in England
737:Day, Summers & Co of Northam
682:Day, Summers & Co of Northam
659:Day, Summers & Co of Northam
643:Day, Summers & Co of Northam
627:Day, Summers & Co of Northam
586:Joseph Hodgkinson of Southampton
565:Joseph Hodgkinson of Southampton
554:Two single-cylinder beam engines
1602:
1506:. Vic Mitchell and Keith Smith.
1471:"SOUTHAMPTON MUSIC SCENE-VENUES"
441:Southampton Corporation Act 1931
395:Southampton Corporation Act 1931
364:Parliament of the United Kingdom
357:
318:Southampton Corporation Act 1973
262:Parliament of the United Kingdom
255:
213:Itchen Bridge and Roads Act 1834
179:Southampton Corporation Act 1973
133:Parliament of the United Kingdom
126:
115:Itchen Bridge and Roads Act 1834
1655:1836 establishments in England
592:2-cylinder grasshopper engine
548:Richard Hocking of Stonehouse
1:
1133:Patterson, A. Temple (1966).
776:J I Thorneycroft of Woolston
754:J I Thorneycroft of Woolston
666:Triple expansion steam engine
76:in England between hards at
1388:"The Engineer 1897 Jul-Dec"
1076:Southampton Echo, June 1977
1686:
1645:Ferry transport in England
979:. It includes the lyrics:
925:to the Portsmouth Road at
339:United Kingdom legislation
237:United Kingdom legislation
108:United Kingdom legislation
356:
351:
254:
249:
125:
120:
1650:Transport in Southampton
1620:Woolston ferry folk song
1609:Woolston Floating Bridge
907:James Warner the Younger
66:Woolston Floating Bridge
1563:The Woolston Ferry Song
1522:Southampton Art Gallery
933:. The road cut through
462:Replacement and closure
1000:
471:
202:Northam Bridge Company
61:
53:
34:50.898811°N 1.386928°W
1475:www.davidstjohn.co.uk
1392:www.gracesguide.co.uk
1357:Brian, Adams (1977).
1342:Brian, Adams (1977).
1322:Brian, Adams (1977).
1307:Brian, Adams (1977).
1292:Brian, Adams (1977).
1277:Brian, Adams (1977).
1247:Brian, Adams (1977).
1232:Brian, Adams (1977).
1197:Brian, Adams (1977).
1179:Brian, Adams (1977).
863:Cowes Floating Bridge
609:Day, Summers & Co
495:designed by engineer
469:
59:
51:
1611:at Wikimedia Commons
1427:Horne, John (1976).
1412:Horne, John (1976).
1262:Horne, John (1976).
1217:Horne, John (1976).
1155:Horne, John (1976).
966:Hilda Margery Clarke
891:Itchen Ferry village
881:Associated buildings
824:James Meadows Rendel
497:James Meadows Rendel
39:50.898811; -1.386928
1670:Port of Southampton
1615:The Floating Bridge
1579:www.geograph.org.uk
1450:www.geograph.org.uk
1088:. Jim Brown. 2004.
852:The Floating Bridge
834:in Cornwall and at
793:Vosper Thorneycroft
30: /
957:In popular culture
897:Impact on the area
481:Princess Alexandra
472:
445:21 & 22 Geo. 5
62:
54:
1607:Media related to
945:, and helped the
911:Botley, Hampshire
901:St Johns Road in
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433:14 & 15 Vict.
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384:Other legislation
377:14 & 15 Vict.
352:Act of Parliament
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307:Other legislation
250:Act of Parliament
219:4 & 5 Will. 4
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168:Other legislation
146:4 & 5 Will. 4
121:Act of Parliament
72:that crossed the
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86:Itchen Bridge
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43:
1582:. Retrieved
1578:
1569:
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1478:. Retrieved
1474:
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1453:. Retrieved
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1395:. Retrieved
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1010:River Hamble
1006:
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973:Gutta Percha
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867:River Medina
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298:Royal assent
228:
225:Construction
210:
199:
163:25 July 1834
159:Royal assent
93:
90:
88:was opened.
74:River Itchen
65:
63:
15:
943:common land
887:small boats
856:L. S. Lowry
828:chain ferry
611:of Northam
573:grasshopper
571:2-cylinder
504:Thornycroft
493:chain ferry
453:Hythe Ferry
390:Repealed by
313:Repealed by
302:4 July 1839
174:Repealed by
82:Southampton
70:cable ferry
37: /
1639:Categories
1584:12 January
1480:12 January
1455:12 January
1397:12 January
1028:References
798:1967–1977
779:1964–1977
757:1962–1977
740:1928–1967
711:1900–1964
685:1896–1961
662:1892–1928
646:1881–1901
630:1879–1901
614:1878–1883
589:1862–1900
568:1854–1896
551:1836–1854
487:Technology
270:Long title
148:. c. lxxxv
22:50°53′56″N
962:L.S.Lowry
951:Hedge End
923:Hedge End
903:Hedge End
836:Dartmouth
698:Bursledon
287:c. lxviii
233:Operation
206:Admiralty
25:1°23′13″W
1016:See also
832:Torpoint
766:Floaters
604:Woolston
537:Engines
534:Service
531:Builder
372:Citation
280:Citation
141:Citation
78:Woolston
927:Sholing
873:on the
575:engine
521:Ferries
99:History
1510:
1092:
947:hamlet
919:hamlet
814:Naming
727:Selsey
723:Medway
672:Fawley
540:Notes
528:Ferry
379:c. cix
68:was a
871:Cowes
292:Dates
153:Dates
1586:2019
1508:ISBN
1482:2019
1457:2019
1399:2019
1090:ISBN
1008:the
975:and
937:and
80:and
64:The
949:of
921:of
909:of
889:of
869:in
854:by
830:at
789:14
773:12
751:11
734:10
1641::
1577:.
1527:^
1473:.
1448:.
1437:^
1390:.
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1052:^
1036:^
877:.
729:.
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624:5
583:3
562:2
545:1
1588:.
1484:.
1459:.
1401:.
1096:.
443:(
431:(
418:(
217:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
