543:
641:
2832:
58:
527:
360:
246:
607:
575:
326:
278:
559:
262:
431:
102:
2704:
2178:
495:
397:
214:
479:
165:
623:
342:
2676:
310:
591:
294:
2690:
2166:
447:
415:
198:
133:
86:
511:
230:
463:
149:
2625:, by a vote of 155 to 138, passed a resolution "That this Assembly generally approves the principles on which the criminal law concerned with sexual behaviour should be based as stated by the Wolfenden Committee, and also its recommendations relating to homosexuality, but considers that the recommendations relating to prostitution require further study".
2555:
The committee recommended that "homosexual behaviour between consenting adults in private should no longer be a criminal offence". All but James Adair were in favour of this and, contrary to some medical and psychiatric witnesses' evidence at that time, found that "homosexuality cannot legitimately
2560:
The law's function is to preserve public order and decency, to protect the citizen from what is offensive or injurious, and to provide sufficient safeguards against exploitation and corruption of others ... It is not, in our view, the function of the law to intervene in the private life of
2522:
The estimated cost of preparing the report was ÂŁ8,046 of which ÂŁ735 represented the estimated cost of printing and publication. The secretary for the committee was W. C. Roberts (Home Office) and his assistant was E. J. Freeman (Scottish Home
Department).
2580:
The report also discussed the rise in street prostitution at the time, which it associated with "community instability" and "weakening of the family". As a result, there was a police crackdown on street prostitution following the report and the
2510:
after the biscuit manufacturers – Huntleys for homosexuals, and
Palmers for prostitutes. Evidence was heard from police and probation officers, psychiatrists, religious leaders (who in those days were at the forefront of homosexual
2526:
Getting gay men to give evidence proved to be very difficult for the committee: Wolfenden considered placing an advert in a newspaper or magazine, but the committee instead decided to locate three men willing to give evidence:
1512:
2147:
1808:
857:
686:
2505:
The committee first met on 15 September 1954 and met on 62 days, 32 of which were used for interviewing witnesses. Wolfenden suggested at an early stage that, for the sake of the ladies in the room, they use the terms
2618:, that the law ought not concern itself with "private immorality", saying that the report "requires special circumstances to be shown to justify the intervention of the law. I think that this is wrong in principle".
940:
2209:
385:
186:
647:
629:
2647:
The historian
Patrick Higgins has described a number of flaws with the report: "its failure to understand or appreciate (except in the most negative terms) the importance of the homosexual subculture".
1517:
701:
2279:
2235:
1699:
348:
890:
711:
2763:
3196:
2202:
549:
1028:
533:
2608:, Devlin states that the Wolfenden report "is recognized to be an excellent study of two very difficult legal and social problems". Devlin attacks the principle, derived from
2112:
945:
2195:
935:
910:
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813:
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852:
1540:
1507:
1502:
57:
3270:
1999:
920:
681:
366:
2491:
825:
501:
2556:
be regarded as a disease, because in many cases it is the only symptom and is compatible with full mental health in other respects." The report added:
2429:
1219:
915:
613:
581:
252:
3275:
734:
2895:
744:
716:
696:
676:
565:
404:
381:
1334:
2278:, there were 1,069 men in prison for homosexual acts, with a mean age of 37 years. During a time of several significant trials, notably that of
2977:
1096:
3144:
3117:
3079:
2404:
2116:
739:
437:
3202:
2637:
2418:
2392:
2060:
1818:
1771:
1612:
1589:
1364:
1164:
930:
830:
808:
784:
779:
485:
220:
2234:, the chairman of the committee) was published in the United Kingdom on 4 September 1957 after a succession of well-known men, including
3280:
2408:
1071:
332:
284:
2644:
which outlawed every homosexual act short of sodomy. The Act did not become law until a decade after the report was published in 1957.
2722:
1169:
268:
74:
47:
33:
1204:
2547:. In order to protect their identities, Trevor-Roper was referred to as the "Doctor" while Winter was referred to as "Mr White".
2460:
1457:
1264:
1004:
3285:
2422:
2291:
2263:
2231:
1527:
1012:
108:
2380:
1944:
1782:
1522:
885:
706:
691:
597:
171:
2487:
2474:
2593:
The report's recommendations attracted considerable public debate, including a famous exchange of views in publications by
3175:
2741:
2717:
2443:
1462:
453:
421:
3063:
517:
1199:
3154:
2073:
1976:
1654:
996:
900:
880:
840:
469:
1599:
1020:
895:
2737:
widely held to have contributed to the liberalisation of cultural and legal attitudes to homosexuality in the UK.
1907:
1384:
1126:
1086:
316:
2302:
The committee of 15 (4 women and 11 men) was led by Sir John
Wolfenden (1906–1985), a former headmaster of both
2629:
2582:
2466:
2287:
1738:
1633:
1472:
1249:
1136:
980:
835:
803:
749:
300:
2597:, a leading British judge, whose ideas and publications argued against the report's philosophical basis, and
2433:
2401:
2350:
1214:
1076:
204:
139:
92:
1116:
1081:
236:
2887:
2709:
2451:
2367:
2311:
1673:
1389:
1091:
875:
155:
1254:
2641:
2536:
2507:
2375:
1622:
1467:
1344:
1304:
790:
2239:
1853:
1695:
1194:
2764:
Wolfenden Report - 50th anniversary of the 1967 Sexual
Offences Act- UK Parliament Living Heritage
3241:
2727:
2540:
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1477:
1409:
1359:
1269:
1131:
972:
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1989:
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1234:
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905:
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1309:
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1239:
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774:
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1414:
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1329:
1224:
845:
2574:
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2339:
2315:
1434:
1319:
3264:
3068:
2750:
2598:
2543:
and Trevor-Roper was a distinguished eye surgeon and brother of the famous historian
2397:
2274:, there had been an increase in arrests and prosecutions, and by the end of 1954, in
1759:
1429:
1424:
1404:
1399:
1324:
1259:
1209:
2734:
2695:
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2359:
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2243:
2170:
2128:
1874:
1749:
1419:
1379:
1292:
1229:
17:
2621:
In late 1957, shortly after the report was published, the
General Assembly of the
3096:
2675:
2594:
2532:
2283:
2019:
1714:
1643:
1394:
1349:
1314:
1109:
2539:. Wildeblood had been convicted and sent to prison. Winter was director of the
32:
2681:
2671:
2660:
2633:
2614:
2512:
2354:
2267:
2251:
2092:
1842:
1299:
819:
2835:
Politics, Society and
Homosexuality in Post-War Britain: The Sexual Offences
2412:
2224:
Report of the
Departmental Committee on Homosexual Offences and Prostitution
2182:
1896:
1374:
1121:
988:
2601:, a leading jurisprudential scholar, who provided argument in its support.
3136:
2437:
1885:
1452:
1244:
1141:
2982:
2336:
2330:
2321:
In addition to the chairman, the committee members were the following:
858:
Historical Sexual
Offences (Pardons and Disregards) (Scotland) Act 2018
2282:, the Conservative government set up a departmental committee (in the
2577:
was 16 and 16-year-olds could marry with their parents' permission).
2388:
1159:
2561:
citizens, or to seek to enforce any particular pattern of behaviour.
941:
Civil
Partnerships, Marriages and Deaths (Registration etc) Act 2019
31:
3159:
Sex, Politics and Society: The Regulation of Sexuality since 1800
2632:, applying to England and Wales only, that replaced the previous
3110:
Heterosexual Dictatorship: Male Homosexuality in Postwar Britain
3056:
Report of the Committee on Homosexual Offences and Prostitution
2516:
3054:
Committee on Homosexual Offences and Prostitution (1957).
2342:
and chairwoman of the Scottish Association of Girls' Clubs
2628:
The recommendations eventually led to the passage of the
891:
Employment Equality (Sexual Orientation) Regulations 2003
881:
Sex Discrimination (Gender Reassignment) Regulations 1999
3129:
Wolfenden's Witnesses: Homosexuality in Postwar Britain
2428:
Kathleen Lovibond, chairwoman of the Uxbridge juvenile
2310:; and who in 1950 was appointed Vice Chancellor of the
2294:
to consider both homosexual offences and prostitution.
1029:
National AIDS Trust v NHS Service Commissioning Board
3047:
Live and Let Live: The Moral of the Wolfenden Report
2866:
2864:
2862:
2860:
2858:
2856:
2816:
2814:
2812:
2810:
2808:
2806:
2804:
2802:
2484:
Lady (Lily) Stopford, ophthalmologist and magistrate
3198:
Law and Homosexuality: Lessons from British History
946:
Northern Ireland (Executive Formation etc) Act 2019
3101:Quest for Justice: Towards Homosexual Emancipation
3035:Fear, Punishment, Anxiety and the Wolfenden Report
936:Marriage and Civil Partnership (Scotland) Act 2014
911:Equality Act (Sexual Orientation) Regulations 2007
2664:’s list of the “top 500 lesbian and gay heroes”.
2573:in the UK then, though for mixed sex couples the
1552:
2986:. House of Lords. 4 December 1957. col. 734
2558:
2372:Regius Professor of Moral and Pastoral Theology
2084:MSM activity not grounds for military discharge
2041:Gay men allowed to donate blood (1 yr deferral)
1665:Plans to make lesbian activity illegal defeated
853:Merchant Shipping (Homosexual Conduct) Act 2017
2519:men whose lives had been affected by the law.
2270:activity between males was illegal. After the
2481:) (resigned from the committee in March 1956)
2203:
1739:MSM activity made legal (England & Wales)
8:
3131:. Basingstoke, England: Palgrave Macmillan.
2353:, London, and psychiatric consultant to the
2010:Incitement to homophobic hatred made a crime
2651:It later became known that Wolfenden's son
2463:(resigned from the committee in April 1956)
2139:Blood donation deferral 3 months (incl. NI)
2103:Blood donation deferral 3 months (excl. NI)
921:Human Fertilisation and Embryology Act 2008
3058:. London: Her Majesty's Stationery Office.
2335:Mary Cohen, vice-president of the City of
2210:
2196:
826:Criminal Justice and Public Order Act 1994
38:
2658:In 1997, John Wolfenden came 45th in the
2436:women's organisation who became Mayor of
1935:MSM activity involving multiple men legal
916:Criminal Justice and Immigration Act 2008
3201:(slideshow). ILGA-Europe. Archived from
2461:University College of Wales, Aberystwyth
1795:
3176:"Homosexuality 'Should Not Be a Crime'"
3004:
2916:
2781:
2774:
1487:
1179:
1056:
759:
745:NHS Gender Identity Development Service
661:
64:
46:
3242:"Wolfenden Report, 1957 (Conclusions)"
3222:"Timeline: Gay Fight for Equal Rights"
2978:"HOMOSEXUAL OFFENCES AND PROSTITUTION"
2964:
2952:
3019:(500). 26 September 1997. p. 19.
2940:
2928:
2870:
2847:
2820:
2793:
7:
2638:Offences against the Person Act 1861
2419:Peter Kerr, 12th Marquess of Lothian
2290:responsible for criminal law) under
2061:Marriage (Same Sex Couples) Act 2013
1590:Offences Against the Person Act 1828
1365:BFI Flare: London LGBT Film Festival
931:Marriage (Same Sex Couples) Act 2013
831:Sexual Offences (Amendment) Act 2000
809:Criminal Justice (Scotland) Act 1980
785:Offences Against the Person Act 1861
780:Offences Against the Person Act 1828
27:Departmental committee report (1957)
3271:LGBTQ history in the United Kingdom
3074:. London: Oxford University Press.
2898:from the original on 31 August 2013
1613:Death penalty for buggery abolished
2314:. He later became Director of the
1917:Gay men allowed in HM Armed Forces
1335:GFest – gayWise LGBT Arts Festival
25:
2723:LGBT rights in the United Kingdom
2148:Blood donation deferral equalised
1866:Age of consent for MSM becomes 18
729:Gender identity, sex and intersex
2894:. London: Guardian Media Group.
2702:
2688:
2674:
2176:
2164:
1458:Campaign for Homosexual Equality
1265:Labour Campaign for Trans Rights
1013:Goodwin & I v United Kingdom
1005:Smith and Grady v United Kingdom
639:
621:
605:
589:
573:
557:
541:
525:
509:
493:
477:
461:
445:
429:
413:
395:
358:
340:
324:
308:
292:
276:
260:
244:
228:
212:
196:
163:
147:
131:
100:
84:
56:
3276:LGBTQ law in the United Kingdom
2983:Parliamentary Debates (Hansard)
2264:Criminal Law Amendment Act 1885
1877:becomes first openly lesbian MP
1646:found guilty of gross indecency
2052:becomes first openly trans MEP
1927:Age of consent equalised to 16
1821:elected as first openly gay MP
1205:Black Gay Men's Advisory Group
886:Adoption and Children Act 2002
814:Homosexual Offences Order 1982
550:British Indian Ocean Territory
1:
3049:. Taylor Garnett & Evans.
2888:"Coming out of the Dark Ages"
2718:Homosexual Law Reform Society
1966:Civil partnerships introduced
1899:becomes first openly gay Lord
1579:Buggery Act extended to Wales
1463:Homosexual Law Reform Society
2415:, and pharmaceutical chemist
1518:Violence against LGBT people
3037:. George Allen & Unwin.
2733: – 1961 film starring
2501:with psychiatric experience
2475:St Columba's Church, London
2450:member and chairman of the
2366:priest serving as Canon of
1977:Gender Recognition Act 2004
1655:The Cave of the Golden Calf
997:Sutherland v United Kingdom
901:Gender Recognition Act 2004
841:Policing and Crime Act 2017
630:Saint Helena, Ascension and
534:British Antarctic Territory
349:Saint Helena, Ascension and
3302:
3281:1957 in the United Kingdom
1809:barred from donating blood
1600:James Pratt and John Smith
1021:HJ and HT v Home Secretary
896:Civil Partnership Act 2004
870:Protection and recognition
3112:. London: Fourth Estate.
3108:Higgins, Patrick (1996).
3070:The Enforcement of Morals
2606:The Enforcement of Morals
2131:legal across UK, incl. NI
1943:Same sex couples granted
1189:LGBT advocacy and support
1127:Canal Street (Manchester)
2630:Sexual Offences Act 1967
2583:Street Offences Act 1959
2467:R. F. V. Scott
2288:Scottish Home Department
2280:Lord Montagu of Beaulieu
2236:Lord Montagu of Beaulieu
1634:Cleveland Street scandal
1569:Death penalty introduced
1513:First LGBT officeholders
1473:Gay Rights Working Party
1137:Pride Quarter, Liverpool
981:Dudgeon v United Kingdom
836:Sexual Offences Act 2003
804:Sexual Offences Act 1967
750:Gender Recognition Panel
367:Turks and Caicos Islands
2599:H. L. A. Hart
2345:Desmond Curran, senior
2000:Equalised access to IVF
1783:AIDS reported in the UK
1250:LGBT+ Liberal Democrats
1215:Naz and Matt Foundation
1200:Hall–Carpenter Archives
3286:1950s in LGBTQ history
3195:Johnson, Paul (2011).
3033:Berg, Charles (1959).
2833:Google Books website,
2753:as Sir John Wolfenden.
2563:
1908:Admiral Duncan bombing
1117:Birmingham Gay Village
650:South Sandwich Islands
253:British Virgin Islands
36:
3137:10.1057/9781137321503
3127:Lewis, Brian (2016).
3103:. Sinclair-Stevenson.
2745:– television play by
2710:United Kingdom portal
2508:Huntley & Palmers
2452:London County Council
2368:Christ Church, Oxford
2312:University of Reading
2226:(better known as the
1945:equal rights to adopt
1772:made legal (Scotland)
1760:Jeremy Thorpe resigns
1390:Nottinghamshire Pride
1345:Homotopia (Liverpool)
876:Public Order Act 1986
648:South Georgia and the
502:Akrotiri and Dhekelia
221:Akrotiri and Dhekelia
50:in the United Kingdom
35:
2642:Labouchere Amendment
2537:Patrick Trevor-Roper
2499:general practitioner
2405:Member of Parliament
2376:University of Oxford
2351:St George's Hospital
2325:James Adair, former
1623:Labouchere Amendment
1468:Gay Liberation Front
791:Labouchere Amendment
187:Overseas Territories
2459:, Principal of the
2381:Sir Kenneth Diplock
2240:Michael Pitt-Rivers
2002:for lesbian couples
1956:Section 28 repealed
1508:List of politicians
1255:LGBT+ Conservatives
702:History of violence
42:Part of a series on
18:Wolfenden Committee
3208:on 29 October 2011
3182:. 4 September 1957
3161:. London: Longman.
2837:, by Keith Dockray
2569:was 21 years (the
2541:Fitzwilliam Museum
2479:Church of Scotland
2432:and member of the
2430:magistrates' court
2292:Sir John Wolfenden
2250:were convicted of
2232:Sir John Wolfenden
2117:gay marriage in NI
2074:same-sex marriages
2018:Public apology to
1478:Order of Chaeronea
1410:Pride in Liverpool
1360:LGBT History Month
1132:Old Compton Street
1045:AB v CD and others
973:X v United Kingdom
735:Transgender rights
671:Sexual orientation
123:Crown dependencies
37:
3228:. 6 December 2002
3146:978-1-137-32150-3
3119:978-1-85702-355-8
3081:978-0-19-285018-8
2919:, pp. 41–42.
2884:Bedell, Geraldine
2742:Consenting Adults
2636:contained in the
2623:Church of England
2545:Hugh Trevor-Roper
2398:Sir Hugh Linstead
2360:V. A. Demant
2327:Procurator-Fiscal
2308:Shrewsbury School
2276:England and Wales
2220:
2219:
2153:
2152:
2032:Equality Act 2010
1830:Operation Spanner
1762:as Liberal leader
1340:Glasgay! Festival
1235:Outright Scotland
965:Corbett v Corbett
926:Equality Act 2010
906:Equality Act 2006
717:Same-sex marriage
697:Civil partnership
655:
654:
382:Same-sex marriage
372:
371:
177:
176:
114:
113:
16:(Redirected from
3293:
3256:
3254:
3252:
3237:
3235:
3233:
3217:
3215:
3213:
3207:
3191:
3189:
3187:
3162:
3150:
3123:
3104:
3092:
3090:
3088:
3073:
3059:
3050:
3043:Chesser, Eustace
3038:
3020:
3014:
3008:
3002:
2996:
2995:
2993:
2991:
2974:
2968:
2962:
2956:
2950:
2944:
2938:
2932:
2926:
2920:
2914:
2908:
2907:
2905:
2903:
2886:(24 June 2007).
2880:
2874:
2868:
2851:
2845:
2839:
2830:
2824:
2818:
2797:
2791:
2785:
2779:
2712:
2707:
2706:
2705:
2698:
2693:
2692:
2691:
2684:
2679:
2678:
2653:Jeremy Wolfenden
2610:John Stuart Mill
2565:The recommended
2529:Peter Wildeblood
2490:, Labour MP for
2446:, solicitor and
2393:High Court judge
2304:Uppingham School
2272:Second World War
2248:Peter Wildeblood
2228:Wolfenden report
2212:
2205:
2198:
2181:
2180:
2179:
2171:LGBTQ portal
2169:
2168:
2167:
1988:Discrimination
1845:comes into force
1797:
1726:Wolfenden report
1687:begins crackdown
1571:for MSM activity
1554:
1546:
1545:
1370:Manchester Pride
1310:Birmingham Pride
1280:The Gender Trust
1275:Press for Change
1240:Switchboard (UK)
1037:Bell v Tavistock
798:Wolfenden report
775:Buggery Act 1533
692:Christian nation
644:
643:
642:
632:Tristan da Cunha
626:
625:
624:
614:Pitcairn Islands
610:
609:
608:
594:
593:
592:
582:Falkland Islands
578:
577:
576:
562:
561:
560:
546:
545:
544:
530:
529:
528:
514:
513:
512:
498:
497:
496:
482:
481:
480:
466:
465:
464:
450:
449:
448:
438:Northern Ireland
434:
433:
432:
418:
417:
416:
400:
399:
398:
391:
390:
363:
362:
361:
351:Tristan da Cunha
345:
344:
343:
333:Pitcairn Islands
329:
328:
327:
313:
312:
311:
297:
296:
295:
285:Falkland Islands
281:
280:
279:
265:
264:
263:
249:
248:
247:
233:
232:
231:
217:
216:
215:
201:
200:
199:
192:
191:
168:
167:
166:
152:
151:
150:
136:
135:
134:
127:
126:
109:Northern Ireland
105:
104:
103:
89:
88:
87:
80:
79:
60:
39:
21:
3301:
3300:
3296:
3295:
3294:
3292:
3291:
3290:
3261:
3260:
3259:
3250:
3248:
3246:British Library
3240:
3231:
3229:
3220:
3211:
3209:
3205:
3194:
3185:
3183:
3174:
3170:
3168:Further reading
3165:
3153:
3147:
3126:
3120:
3107:
3095:
3086:
3084:
3082:
3064:Devlin, Patrick
3062:
3053:
3041:
3032:
3028:
3023:
3015:
3011:
3003:
2999:
2989:
2987:
2976:
2975:
2971:
2963:
2959:
2951:
2947:
2939:
2935:
2927:
2923:
2915:
2911:
2901:
2899:
2882:
2881:
2877:
2869:
2854:
2850:, pp. 7–8.
2846:
2842:
2831:
2827:
2819:
2800:
2792:
2788:
2780:
2776:
2772:
2760:
2747:Julian Mitchell
2708:
2703:
2701:
2694:
2689:
2687:
2680:
2673:
2670:
2591:
2571:age of majority
2553:
2551:Recommendations
2497:Joseph Whitby,
2300:
2260:
2216:
2187:
2177:
2175:
2165:
2163:
2155:
2154:
2050:Nikki Sinclaire
1750:Gay Pride Rally
1717:commits suicide
1685:John Nott-Bower
1543:
1533:
1532:
1523:HIV/AIDS crisis
1498:
1490:
1483:
1482:
1448:
1440:
1439:
1415:Pride in London
1355:Leicester Pride
1330:Doncaster Pride
1295:
1285:
1284:
1225:LGBT Foundation
1190:
1182:
1175:
1174:
1155:
1147:
1146:
1112:
1102:
1101:
1067:
1059:
1052:
1051:
959:
951:
950:
871:
863:
862:
846:Alan Turing law
770:
762:
755:
754:
740:Intersex rights
730:
722:
721:
712:Military policy
672:
664:
657:
656:
649:
640:
638:
631:
622:
620:
606:
604:
590:
588:
574:
572:
558:
556:
542:
540:
526:
524:
510:
508:
494:
492:
478:
476:
462:
460:
446:
444:
430:
428:
414:
412:
396:
394:
388:
374:
373:
359:
357:
350:
341:
339:
325:
323:
309:
307:
293:
291:
277:
275:
261:
259:
245:
243:
229:
227:
213:
211:
197:
195:
189:
179:
178:
164:
162:
148:
146:
132:
130:
124:
116:
115:
101:
99:
85:
83:
77:
67:
49:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
3299:
3297:
3289:
3288:
3283:
3278:
3273:
3263:
3262:
3258:
3257:
3238:
3218:
3192:
3171:
3169:
3166:
3164:
3163:
3155:Weeks, Jeffery
3151:
3145:
3124:
3118:
3105:
3093:
3080:
3060:
3051:
3039:
3029:
3027:
3024:
3022:
3021:
3009:
2997:
2969:
2957:
2945:
2943:, p. 240.
2933:
2931:, p. 275.
2921:
2909:
2875:
2852:
2840:
2825:
2798:
2786:
2773:
2771:
2768:
2767:
2766:
2759:
2756:
2755:
2754:
2738:
2725:
2720:
2714:
2713:
2699:
2685:
2669:
2666:
2590:
2587:
2575:age of consent
2567:age of consent
2552:
2549:
2503:
2502:
2495:
2485:
2482:
2464:
2454:
2444:Victor Mishcon
2441:
2426:
2423:Foreign Office
2416:
2395:
2378:
2364:Anglo-Catholic
2357:
2343:
2333:
2316:British Museum
2299:
2296:
2259:
2256:
2218:
2217:
2215:
2214:
2207:
2200:
2192:
2189:
2188:
2186:
2185:
2173:
2160:
2157:
2156:
2151:
2150:
2145:
2141:
2140:
2137:
2133:
2132:
2126:
2120:
2119:
2109:
2105:
2104:
2101:
2097:
2096:
2090:
2086:
2085:
2082:
2078:
2077:
2070:
2064:
2063:
2058:
2054:
2053:
2047:
2043:
2042:
2039:
2035:
2034:
2029:
2023:
2022:
2016:
2012:
2011:
2008:
2004:
2003:
1997:
1993:
1992:
1986:
1980:
1979:
1974:
1968:
1967:
1964:
1958:
1957:
1954:
1948:
1947:
1941:
1937:
1936:
1933:
1929:
1928:
1925:
1919:
1918:
1915:
1911:
1910:
1905:
1901:
1900:
1894:
1890:
1889:
1883:
1879:
1878:
1872:
1868:
1867:
1864:
1858:
1857:
1851:
1847:
1846:
1840:
1834:
1833:
1827:
1823:
1822:
1816:
1812:
1811:
1805:
1801:
1800:
1790:
1786:
1785:
1781:First case of
1779:
1775:
1774:
1768:
1764:
1763:
1757:
1753:
1752:
1748:First British
1746:
1742:
1741:
1736:
1730:
1729:
1723:
1719:
1718:
1712:
1708:
1707:
1693:
1689:
1688:
1682:
1678:
1677:
1671:
1667:
1666:
1663:
1659:
1658:
1652:
1648:
1647:
1641:
1637:
1636:
1631:
1627:
1626:
1620:
1616:
1615:
1610:
1604:
1603:
1597:
1593:
1592:
1587:
1581:
1580:
1577:
1573:
1572:
1566:
1560:
1559:
1550:
1544:
1539:
1538:
1535:
1534:
1531:
1530:
1525:
1520:
1515:
1510:
1505:
1499:
1496:
1495:
1492:
1491:
1488:
1485:
1484:
1481:
1480:
1475:
1470:
1465:
1460:
1455:
1449:
1446:
1445:
1442:
1441:
1438:
1437:
1435:Worthing Pride
1432:
1427:
1422:
1417:
1412:
1407:
1402:
1397:
1392:
1387:
1385:Northern Pride
1382:
1377:
1372:
1367:
1362:
1357:
1352:
1347:
1342:
1337:
1332:
1327:
1322:
1320:Brighton Pride
1317:
1312:
1307:
1302:
1296:
1291:
1290:
1287:
1286:
1283:
1282:
1277:
1272:
1267:
1262:
1257:
1252:
1247:
1242:
1237:
1232:
1227:
1222:
1217:
1212:
1207:
1202:
1197:
1191:
1188:
1187:
1184:
1183:
1180:
1177:
1176:
1173:
1172:
1167:
1162:
1156:
1153:
1152:
1149:
1148:
1145:
1144:
1139:
1134:
1129:
1124:
1119:
1113:
1108:
1107:
1104:
1103:
1100:
1099:
1094:
1089:
1084:
1079:
1074:
1068:
1065:
1064:
1061:
1060:
1057:
1054:
1053:
1050:
1049:
1041:
1033:
1025:
1017:
1009:
1001:
993:
985:
977:
969:
960:
957:
956:
953:
952:
949:
948:
943:
938:
933:
928:
923:
918:
913:
908:
903:
898:
893:
888:
883:
878:
872:
869:
868:
865:
864:
861:
860:
855:
850:
849:
848:
838:
833:
828:
823:
816:
811:
806:
801:
794:
787:
782:
777:
771:
768:
767:
764:
763:
760:
757:
756:
753:
752:
747:
742:
737:
731:
728:
727:
724:
723:
720:
719:
714:
709:
704:
699:
694:
689:
687:Blood donation
684:
682:Age of consent
679:
673:
670:
669:
666:
665:
663:Policy aspects
662:
659:
658:
653:
652:
645:
635:
634:
627:
617:
616:
611:
601:
600:
595:
585:
584:
579:
569:
568:
566:Cayman Islands
563:
553:
552:
547:
537:
536:
531:
521:
520:
515:
505:
504:
499:
489:
488:
483:
473:
472:
467:
457:
456:
451:
441:
440:
435:
425:
424:
419:
409:
408:
405:United Kingdom
401:
389:
380:
379:
376:
375:
370:
369:
364:
354:
353:
346:
336:
335:
330:
320:
319:
314:
304:
303:
298:
288:
287:
282:
272:
271:
269:Cayman Islands
266:
256:
255:
250:
240:
239:
234:
224:
223:
218:
208:
207:
202:
190:
185:
184:
181:
180:
175:
174:
169:
159:
158:
153:
143:
142:
137:
125:
122:
121:
118:
117:
112:
111:
106:
96:
95:
90:
78:
75:United Kingdom
73:
72:
69:
68:
65:
62:
61:
53:
52:
44:
43:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3298:
3287:
3284:
3282:
3279:
3277:
3274:
3272:
3269:
3268:
3266:
3247:
3243:
3239:
3227:
3223:
3219:
3204:
3200:
3199:
3193:
3181:
3177:
3173:
3172:
3167:
3160:
3156:
3152:
3148:
3142:
3138:
3134:
3130:
3125:
3121:
3115:
3111:
3106:
3102:
3098:
3094:
3083:
3077:
3072:
3071:
3065:
3061:
3057:
3052:
3048:
3044:
3040:
3036:
3031:
3030:
3025:
3018:
3013:
3010:
3007:, p. 89.
3006:
3001:
2998:
2985:
2984:
2979:
2973:
2970:
2967:, p. 11.
2966:
2961:
2958:
2954:
2949:
2946:
2942:
2937:
2934:
2930:
2925:
2922:
2918:
2913:
2910:
2897:
2893:
2889:
2885:
2879:
2876:
2872:
2867:
2865:
2863:
2861:
2859:
2857:
2853:
2849:
2844:
2841:
2838:
2836:
2829:
2826:
2822:
2817:
2815:
2813:
2811:
2809:
2807:
2805:
2803:
2799:
2795:
2790:
2787:
2784:, p. 56.
2783:
2778:
2775:
2769:
2765:
2762:
2761:
2757:
2752:
2751:Charles Dance
2748:
2744:
2743:
2739:
2736:
2732:
2730:
2726:
2724:
2721:
2719:
2716:
2715:
2711:
2700:
2697:
2686:
2683:
2677:
2672:
2667:
2665:
2663:
2662:
2656:
2654:
2649:
2645:
2643:
2640:and the 1885
2639:
2635:
2634:law on sodomy
2631:
2626:
2624:
2619:
2617:
2616:
2611:
2607:
2602:
2600:
2596:
2588:
2586:
2584:
2578:
2576:
2572:
2568:
2562:
2557:
2550:
2548:
2546:
2542:
2538:
2534:
2530:
2524:
2520:
2518:
2514:
2509:
2500:
2496:
2494:and barrister
2493:
2492:Walsall North
2489:
2488:William Wells
2486:
2483:
2480:
2476:
2472:
2468:
2465:
2462:
2458:
2455:
2453:
2449:
2445:
2442:
2439:
2435:
2431:
2427:
2424:
2420:
2417:
2414:
2410:
2406:
2403:
2399:
2396:
2394:
2390:
2386:
2382:
2379:
2377:
2373:
2369:
2365:
2361:
2358:
2356:
2352:
2348:
2344:
2341:
2338:
2334:
2332:
2328:
2324:
2323:
2322:
2319:
2317:
2313:
2309:
2305:
2297:
2295:
2293:
2289:
2285:
2281:
2277:
2273:
2269:
2265:
2257:
2255:
2253:
2249:
2245:
2241:
2237:
2233:
2229:
2225:
2213:
2208:
2206:
2201:
2199:
2194:
2193:
2191:
2190:
2184:
2183:UK portal
2174:
2172:
2162:
2161:
2159:
2158:
2149:
2146:
2143:
2142:
2138:
2135:
2134:
2130:
2127:
2125:
2122:
2121:
2118:
2114:
2110:
2107:
2106:
2102:
2099:
2098:
2094:
2091:
2088:
2087:
2083:
2080:
2079:
2075:
2071:
2069:
2066:
2065:
2062:
2059:
2056:
2055:
2051:
2048:
2045:
2044:
2040:
2037:
2036:
2033:
2030:
2028:
2025:
2024:
2021:
2017:
2014:
2013:
2009:
2006:
2005:
2001:
1998:
1995:
1994:
1991:
1987:
1985:
1982:
1981:
1978:
1975:
1973:
1970:
1969:
1965:
1963:
1960:
1959:
1955:
1953:
1950:
1949:
1946:
1942:
1939:
1938:
1934:
1931:
1930:
1926:
1924:
1921:
1920:
1916:
1913:
1912:
1909:
1906:
1903:
1902:
1898:
1895:
1892:
1891:
1887:
1884:
1881:
1880:
1876:
1873:
1870:
1869:
1865:
1863:
1860:
1859:
1855:
1852:
1849:
1848:
1844:
1841:
1839:
1836:
1835:
1831:
1828:
1825:
1824:
1820:
1817:
1814:
1813:
1810:
1806:
1803:
1802:
1799:
1792:MSM activity
1791:
1788:
1787:
1784:
1780:
1777:
1776:
1773:
1770:MSM activity
1769:
1766:
1765:
1761:
1758:
1755:
1754:
1751:
1747:
1744:
1743:
1740:
1737:
1735:
1732:
1731:
1727:
1724:
1721:
1720:
1716:
1713:
1710:
1709:
1705:
1701:
1697:
1694:
1691:
1690:
1686:
1683:
1680:
1679:
1675:
1672:
1669:
1668:
1664:
1661:
1660:
1656:
1653:
1650:
1649:
1645:
1642:
1639:
1638:
1635:
1632:
1629:
1628:
1624:
1621:
1618:
1617:
1614:
1611:
1609:
1606:
1605:
1601:
1598:
1595:
1594:
1591:
1588:
1586:
1583:
1582:
1578:
1575:
1574:
1570:
1567:
1565:
1562:
1561:
1558:
1551:
1548:
1547:
1542:
1537:
1536:
1529:
1528:Death penalty
1526:
1524:
1521:
1519:
1516:
1514:
1511:
1509:
1506:
1504:
1501:
1500:
1494:
1493:
1486:
1479:
1476:
1474:
1471:
1469:
1466:
1464:
1461:
1459:
1456:
1454:
1451:
1450:
1447:Former groups
1444:
1443:
1436:
1433:
1431:
1430:Swansea Pride
1428:
1426:
1425:Reading Pride
1423:
1421:
1418:
1416:
1413:
1411:
1408:
1406:
1405:Pride in Hull
1403:
1401:
1400:Pride Glasgow
1398:
1396:
1393:
1391:
1388:
1386:
1383:
1381:
1378:
1376:
1373:
1371:
1368:
1366:
1363:
1361:
1358:
1356:
1353:
1351:
1348:
1346:
1343:
1341:
1338:
1336:
1333:
1331:
1328:
1326:
1325:Bristol Pride
1323:
1321:
1318:
1316:
1313:
1311:
1308:
1306:
1303:
1301:
1298:
1297:
1294:
1289:
1288:
1281:
1278:
1276:
1273:
1271:
1268:
1266:
1263:
1261:
1258:
1256:
1253:
1251:
1248:
1246:
1243:
1241:
1238:
1236:
1233:
1231:
1228:
1226:
1223:
1221:
1218:
1216:
1213:
1211:
1208:
1206:
1203:
1201:
1198:
1196:
1193:
1192:
1186:
1185:
1181:Organisations
1178:
1171:
1168:
1166:
1163:
1161:
1158:
1157:
1151:
1150:
1143:
1140:
1138:
1135:
1133:
1130:
1128:
1125:
1123:
1120:
1118:
1115:
1114:
1111:
1106:
1105:
1098:
1095:
1093:
1090:
1088:
1085:
1083:
1080:
1078:
1075:
1073:
1070:
1069:
1063:
1062:
1055:
1047:
1046:
1042:
1039:
1038:
1034:
1031:
1030:
1026:
1023:
1022:
1018:
1015:
1014:
1010:
1007:
1006:
1002:
999:
998:
994:
991:
990:
986:
983:
982:
978:
975:
974:
970:
967:
966:
962:
961:
955:
954:
947:
944:
942:
939:
937:
934:
932:
929:
927:
924:
922:
919:
917:
914:
912:
909:
907:
904:
902:
899:
897:
894:
892:
889:
887:
884:
882:
879:
877:
874:
873:
867:
866:
859:
856:
854:
851:
847:
844:
843:
842:
839:
837:
834:
832:
829:
827:
824:
822:
821:
817:
815:
812:
810:
807:
805:
802:
800:
799:
795:
793:
792:
788:
786:
783:
781:
778:
776:
773:
772:
766:
765:
758:
751:
748:
746:
743:
741:
738:
736:
733:
732:
726:
725:
718:
715:
713:
710:
708:
705:
703:
700:
698:
695:
693:
690:
688:
685:
683:
680:
678:
675:
674:
668:
667:
660:
651:
646:
637:
636:
633:
628:
619:
618:
615:
612:
603:
602:
599:
596:
587:
586:
583:
580:
571:
570:
567:
564:
555:
554:
551:
548:
539:
538:
535:
532:
523:
522:
519:
516:
507:
506:
503:
500:
491:
490:
487:
484:
475:
474:
471:
468:
459:
458:
455:
452:
443:
442:
439:
436:
427:
426:
423:
420:
411:
410:
407:
406:
402:
393:
392:
387:
383:
378:
377:
368:
365:
356:
355:
352:
347:
338:
337:
334:
331:
322:
321:
318:
315:
306:
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30:
19:
3249:. Retrieved
3245:
3230:. Retrieved
3225:
3210:. Retrieved
3203:the original
3197:
3184:. Retrieved
3179:
3158:
3128:
3109:
3100:
3097:Grey, Antony
3085:. Retrieved
3069:
3055:
3046:
3034:
3026:Bibliography
3016:
3012:
3005:Higgins 1996
3000:
2988:. Retrieved
2981:
2972:
2960:
2948:
2936:
2924:
2917:Higgins 1996
2912:
2900:. Retrieved
2892:The Observer
2891:
2878:
2873:, p. 8.
2843:
2834:
2828:
2823:, p. 7.
2796:, p. 6.
2789:
2782:Higgins 1996
2777:
2740:
2735:Dirk Bogarde
2728:
2696:LGBTQ portal
2659:
2657:
2650:
2646:
2627:
2620:
2613:
2605:
2603:
2592:
2585:was passed.
2579:
2564:
2559:
2554:
2525:
2521:
2504:
2473:minister of
2471:Presbyterian
2457:Goronwy Rees
2434:Conservative
2402:Conservative
2347:psychiatrist
2320:
2301:
2261:
2244:John Gielgud
2227:
2223:
2221:
2129:Gay marriage
2123:
2067:
2026:
1990:made illegal
1983:
1971:
1961:
1951:
1922:
1888:found guilty
1875:Angela Eagle
1861:
1854:Stonewall UK
1837:
1794:made legal (
1733:
1725:
1607:
1584:
1563:
1557:made illegal
1420:Pride Scotia
1380:Mr Gay Wales
1293:Pride events
1260:LGBT+ Labour
1230:LGBT Network
1110:Gay villages
1043:
1035:
1027:
1019:
1011:
1003:
995:
987:
979:
971:
963:
818:
797:
796:
789:
403:
48:LGBT rights
29:
2965:Devlin 1965
2953:Devlin 1965
2731:(1961 film)
2595:Lord Devlin
2533:Carl Winter
2340:Girl Guides
2284:Home Office
2095:implemented
2020:Alan Turing
1819:Chris Smith
1715:Alan Turing
1696:Pitt-Rivers
1676:transitions
1674:Mark Weston
1644:Oscar Wilde
1395:Pride Cymru
1350:Leeds Pride
1315:Bourne Free
1305:Big Gay Out
769:Criminality
761:Legislation
486:Isle of Man
172:Isle of Man
66:By location
3265:Categories
3017:Pink Paper
2941:Weeks 1981
2929:Lewis 2016
2871:Lewis 2016
2848:Lewis 2016
2821:Lewis 2016
2794:Lewis 2016
2758:References
2682:Law portal
2661:Pink Paper
2615:On Liberty
2513:law reform
2355:Royal Navy
2268:homosexual
2262:Under the
2258:Background
2254:offences.
2252:homosexual
2093:Turing law
2076:take place
1843:Section 28
1706:imprisoned
1704:Wildeblood
1625:introduced
1300:BiCon (UK)
1097:Manchester
958:Litigation
820:Section 28
317:Montserrat
2770:Footnotes
2655:was gay.
2589:Aftermath
2413:barrister
2407:(MP) for
2298:Committee
2113:legislate
1897:Lord Alli
1555:activity
1375:Mr Gay UK
1195:Stonewall
1122:The Calls
1087:Liverpool
989:R v Brown
598:Gibraltar
386:territory
301:Gibraltar
3251:26 March
3232:10 March
3226:BBC News
3212:10 March
3186:10 March
3180:BBC News
3157:(1981).
3099:(1992).
3087:10 March
3066:(1965).
3045:(1958).
2902:10 March
2896:Archived
2668:See also
2438:Uxbridge
2425:minister
2385:Recorder
2230:, after
1886:Bolton 7
1807:Gay men
1728:released
1602:executed
1541:Timeline
1503:Timeline
1453:OutRage!
1270:Mermaids
1245:NUS LGBT
1170:Cruising
1154:Gay male
1142:Vauxhall
1072:Brighton
707:HIV/AIDS
677:Adoption
454:Guernsey
422:Scotland
205:Anguilla
140:Guernsey
93:Scotland
2990:26 June
2515:), and
2440:in 1956
2374:at the
2337:Glasgow
2331:Glasgow
2306:and of
1700:Montagu
1489:History
1077:Cardiff
1066:By city
1058:Culture
518:Bermuda
237:Bermuda
3206:(PPSX)
3143:
3116:
3078:
2729:Victim
2535:, and
2448:Labour
2409:Putney
2389:Oxford
2370:, and
2266:, any
2246:, and
2072:First
1832:begins
1497:Topics
1165:Saunas
1160:Polari
1082:London
1048:(2021)
1040:(2021)
1032:(2016)
1024:(2010)
1016:(2002)
1008:(1999)
1000:(1994)
992:(1993)
984:(1981)
976:(1978)
968:(1969)
470:Jersey
156:Jersey
2749:with
1856:forms
1657:opens
1585:1828
1220:FFLAG
1092:Leeds
3253:2021
3234:2018
3214:2018
3188:2018
3141:ISBN
3114:ISBN
3089:2018
3076:ISBN
2992:2023
2904:2018
2421:, a
2391:and
2329:for
2286:and
2222:The
2144:2021
2136:2020
2124:2020
2115:for
2111:MPs
2108:2019
2100:2017
2089:2017
2081:2016
2068:2014
2057:2013
2046:2013
2038:2011
2027:2010
2015:2009
2007:2008
1996:2008
1984:2006
1972:2004
1962:2004
1952:2003
1940:2002
1932:2001
1923:2001
1914:2000
1904:1999
1893:1998
1882:1998
1871:1997
1862:1994
1850:1989
1838:1988
1826:1987
1815:1984
1804:1983
1789:1982
1778:1981
1767:1981
1756:1976
1745:1972
1734:1967
1722:1957
1711:1954
1692:1954
1681:1952
1670:1936
1662:1921
1651:1912
1640:1895
1630:1889
1619:1885
1608:1861
1596:1835
1576:1543
1564:1533
3133:doi
2612:'s
2604:In
2517:gay
2387:of
2349:at
1553:MSM
1549:342
1210:Akt
384:by
3267::
3244:.
3224:.
3178:.
3139:.
2980:.
2890:.
2855:^
2801:^
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