130:. WARD chief supervisors were under the command of Brigadier General Robert W. Douglas, Jr. The first chief supervisor of WARD was Mrs. R. T. Williams. She was followed by Catherine Coonley. Quarters were provided to the WARDs on Fort Shafter and the women moved into them on February 1, 1942. During the war, there were around 500 WARDs. They contracted to work a year at a time and were paid between $ 140 and $ 225 a month.
103:, staffing the air defense center 24 hours a day. Each WARD would work a six hour shift on and six off for eight days, after which they had 32 hours off. WARD recruits would plot the position of the aircraft on a large, gridded physical map of the Hawaiian Islands. WARD also worked with army officers who knew the locations of friendly aircraft and helped find lost planes. All of the women plotters were known by the
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67:. He asked her to assemble "a list of twenty bright, reliable women to be the nucleus of a secretive Army job". Walker and her husband Sandy compiled a list, which formed the initial roster of the WARD. Davidson, Walker and Mrs. John Howard, another military spouse, met the recruits at the
155:. Some members of the group stayed on in civil service roles in Hawaii. Official records documenting the work of the WARDs was lost in a 1983 fire. A book by Kam Napier and Candace Chenowith,
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center. There was a call for 100 women and all slots were filled. At first the women involved came from Hawaii, but later, women from the "mainland" were brought in.
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and first started on
January 1, 1942. WARDs would have two weeks of training before starting. WARD volunteers learned how to plot the positions of airplanes using
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on
December 7, 1941, Una Walker, a military spouse, was called by Army Air Corps Brig. Gen. Howard C. Davidson, who commanded a wing at
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43:. Women volunteered in order to allow men to be freed from air defense work to go onto combat roles. WARD was the only
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159:, documents the history of the organization and was based on the personal experience of women who worked as WARDs.
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WARD was detached from the Signal Corps on June 13, 1943 and named the WARD unit of the 17th
Fighter Command.
75:'s arrival. The WARD would "relieve urgently needed men for combat duty" and allow the women to operate the
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Recruits for WARD were required to be between the ages of 20 and 34, without children and had to pass an
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for the purpose to replace men in active duty. It was disbanded after the end of WWII.
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204:"Nimitz at Ease", Capt. Michael A. Lilly, USN (ret), Stairway Press, 2019
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gave the organization powers to recruit and consider the volunteers
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253:"The Women's Air Raid Defense: Protecting the Hawaiian Islands"
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civilian organization that worked with the military to provide
390:"The Women's Air Raid Defense of the Hawaiian Islands"
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Other WARDs were established throughout the islands:
107:, "Rascal" and the radar operator was coded "Oscar."
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The Women's Air Raid
Defense of the Hawaiian Islands
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The Women's Air Raid
Defense of the Hawaiian Islands
228:"Women's Air Raid Defense Organization is Disbanded"
91:intelligence test. Training classes were held at
452:(5): 3–4. May 1944 – via Internet Archive.
414:"Mainland Girls Play Big Role, Defending Isles"
294:"After 40 Years, Friends and Memories Remain"
151:WARD was disbanded in 1945, after the end of
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182:"These Women Were WARDs of Oahu's Defense"
71:in Waikiki on December 26, the day after
568:All-female military units and formations
527:Red Cross Heroes: LeBurta Gates Atherton
114:, considered a detachment of Company A,
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39:. It formed in December 1941 after the
329:"Wards Celebrating Second Anniversary"
495:"Executive Orders Disposition Tables"
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292:Taylor, Lois (10 December 1986).
110:The organization was part of the
548:1945 disestablishments in Hawaii
180:Taylor, Lois (5 December 1991).
116:Signal Aircraft Warning Regiment
558:American women in World War II
259:. 12 June 2006. Archived from
20:Women from WARD share a laugh.
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543:1941 establishments in Hawaii
47:organization employed by the
553:United States civil defense
483:– via Newspapers.com.
427:– via Newspapers.com.
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573:History of women in Hawaii
356:"Women's Air Raid Defense"
25:Women's Air Raid Defense
418:The Honolulu Advertiser
360:The Honolulu Advertiser
333:The Honolulu Advertiser
232:The Honolulu Advertiser
145:on September 14, 1942.
141:on August 10, 1942 and
59:Several days after the
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298:Honolulu Star-Bulletin
186:Honolulu Star-Bulletin
61:attack on Pearl Harbor
41:attack on Pearl Harbor
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120:Executive Order #9063
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69:Royal Hawaiian Hotel
234:. 30 September 1945
157:Shuffleboard Pilots
137:on July 30, 1942;
128:federal government
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499:National Archives
470:"Memories Remain"
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338:2018-04-06
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257:HistoryNet
238:2018-04-06
191:2018-04-06
163:References
446:Air Force
105:code name
126:for the
49:military
45:civilian
83:History
55:Origins
37:Hawaii
143:Kauai
97:radar
139:Hilo
135:Maui
89:Army
35:for
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