Knowledge

Women and government in the Philippines

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2205:
Republic Act No. 7192 of 1991), the Gender and Development Budget (GAD), the 1988 Comprehensive Agrarian Reform Law, the Philippine Republic Act No. 7688 of 1994, the 1990 Day Care Law (Republic Act No. 6972), the 1996 Paternity Leave Act, the Anti-Sexual Harassment Law (Republic Act No. 7877 of 1995), the Philippine Republic Act No. 7822 of 1995, the Philippine Republic Act No. 8353 of 1997, the Philippine Plan for Gender Responsive Development (1995-2025), and the Philippine Plan for Women which includes the Framework Plan for Women (FPW).
747: 30: 2501: 682: 4642: 3349: 4653: 2331:
of their politician husbands, become "diplomatic entertainers" for their husband's constituents, being providers of charity work and social welfare functions, their maternal role as caretakers of the next male generation of male politicians, and the access to resources for those who were elected to decision-making positions.
2330:
Among the hindrances in participation of women in Philippine politics identified by Helga in her 2003 report include Philippine society's definition of women's role in the community. This role describes women in the Philippines as persons more appropriate for secondary roles such as being supporters
2241:
written in March 2003, this means that there had been 16 Filipino female governors (out of 79), eight vice governors (out of 79), 97 board members, 16 city mayors (out of 114), nine city vice mayors (out of 114), 182 city councilors, 225 municipal mayors (out of 1,493), 144 municipal vice mayors and
2221:
There had been 76.7% of female registered voters in the 2001 elections. In 1999, the percentage of Filipino women in public service are 34.6% at the first level, 71.9% at the second level, 34.8% at the third level, and 18.2% at the cabinet level (as heads of governmental departments). In 2001, there
2204:
Representation and integration of Filipino women in Philippine politics at the local and national levels had been made possible by legislative measures such as the following: the Local Government Code of 1991, the Party List Law, the Labor Code of 1989, the Women in Nation Building Law (Philippine
2321:
In 1993, there were 41.4% registered labor union female members in the private industry sector. From 1994 to 1996, there was about 60% registered labor union female members in the public sector. 20.7% of the registered women members in the public sector were holding positions as labor union
2184:. There had been a gradual increase in the number of Filipino women participating in Philippine politics, both at the local and national level. Female involvement in the political environment of the Philippines was highlighted by the election of two women as 2273:
In terms of decision-making positions and diplomatic posts, there had been 138 female Filipino diplomats, wherein 37 were ambassadors (chiefs of missions), 21 were minister-counsellors, and 80 were foreign service officers. According to a Statement of the
2264:
chairpersons. Hega further mentioned that, at those times, there were 49,173 Filipino women who were appointed as secretaries and treasures for the barangay. Out of 49,173, female barangay secretaries were at 23,983; while 25,190 were barangay treasurers.
2282:
on March 11, 2013, Filipino women had been appointed by the Philippine president to "top strategic and non-traditional government posts" including positions such as Chief Justice, as Secretary of Justice, and as Presidential Adviser on the Peace Process.
2734: 249: 2850: 859: 475: 470: 228: 3525: 2778: 2486: 2234:, 13.0% as vice-governors, 16.5% as board members, 15.6% as mayors, 12.4% as vice-mayors, 17.4% as councilors. In Philippine courts, there were 21.4% Filipino women judges in 2001. 803: 719: 3155: 3000: 2766: 2148: 3396: 2790: 2946: 4591: 4456: 4145: 3916: 2874: 2826: 2464: 4234: 4222: 3631: 3473: 3787: 4692: 4682: 3979: 3518: 1615: 3227: 3984: 3678: 2970: 2681: 2495: 498: 4476: 4049: 3942: 3906: 3558: 3431: 3191: 2922: 2578: 1650: 575: 220: 3782: 3777: 3762: 3757: 2237:
The preceding figures translates that 90,714 positions (out of 354,387) had been occupied by Filipino women. Directly quoting Mylene Hega's report titled
4022: 3884: 3328: 2479: 1016: 854: 244: 203: 3749: 4190: 3889: 712: 3006: 1188: 4017: 3511: 2760: 2378:
A Paper written by Mylene Hega, Secretary General of MAKALAYA (Women Workers Network) for the Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung Philippine Office, March 2003
150: 90: 59: 4466: 4307: 3896: 3534: 2223: 1007: 4140: 3847: 3769: 3293: 2904: 2705: 2141: 2075: 1111: 864: 369: 4471: 4329: 4205: 3820: 3389: 2657: 2472: 1268: 827: 593: 551: 405: 4528: 4511: 4363: 4346: 4210: 3957: 3879: 3726: 3626: 3467: 3358: 2433: 2306: 2296: 2169: 1300: 705: 662: 2820: 4697: 4677: 4543: 4300: 4253: 4066: 4010: 3721: 3716: 3283: 3201: 3186: 3176: 2213:
The following percentage figures demonstrate the number of female participants from 1991 to 2001 in Philippine politics and government:
1367: 321: 157: 144: 4506: 4351: 3867: 3644: 3222: 3181: 3120: 2892: 2615: 541: 465: 4687: 4312: 4229: 3901: 3857: 3835: 3248: 3196: 2964: 2134: 2070: 610: 387: 119: 2609: 2519: 536: 4324: 4317: 4175: 4170: 4061: 3874: 3862: 3671: 3382: 2302: 2292: 817: 767: 450: 444: 439: 309: 301: 186: 4632: 4561: 4436: 4388: 4285: 4180: 4078: 3962: 3947: 3815: 3638: 3333: 3313: 2916: 2687: 2549: 1620: 1540: 1362: 1157: 667: 521: 51: 4358: 4160: 4135: 3967: 3736: 3711: 3318: 3273: 3258: 3253: 3110: 2275: 1077: 913: 485: 3298: 2862: 4581: 4486: 4275: 4270: 3994: 3852: 3744: 2856: 2173: 1820: 1387: 43: 4408: 4403: 4373: 4336: 4295: 4239: 4056: 4032: 3952: 3803: 2976: 2633: 2621: 2525: 2279: 2185: 2055: 1290: 1208: 1183: 1116: 692: 600: 556: 546: 428: 336: 293: 110: 98: 4398: 4393: 4265: 4200: 4155: 4039: 3930: 3911: 3840: 3664: 3548: 3485: 3479: 3421: 3363: 2711: 2627: 2561: 2310: 2177: 923: 561: 526: 178: 170: 77: 20: 2880: 3145: 4627: 4428: 4383: 4290: 4217: 4123: 4027: 4005: 3830: 3825: 3696: 3135: 3036: 2994: 2868: 2181: 2080: 1670: 654: 588: 583: 140: 3130: 4523: 4446: 4341: 4195: 4165: 4150: 4044: 3553: 3426: 3074: 3024: 2555: 2510: 1458: 788: 605: 360: 195: 746: 4501: 4491: 4461: 4413: 4378: 4280: 3573: 3030: 2958: 2340: 2165: 1910: 1604: 933: 898: 264: 2669: 2651: 2436:. Office of the Presidential Adviser on the Peace Process (OPAPP), Office of the President of the Philippines 4566: 4441: 4098: 3150: 3125: 3042: 2193: 346: 67: 4596: 4105: 3974: 3617: 3578: 3461: 3068: 2940: 2934: 2723: 2717: 2567: 1263: 948: 938: 874: 269: 210: 72: 3048: 2675: 4481: 3565: 3455: 3206: 2796: 2100: 2045: 1975: 1955: 1940: 1810: 1295: 1203: 1067: 903: 259: 3278: 1332: 4656: 4496: 4083: 4071: 3593: 3588: 2844: 2743: 2693: 2260: 2254: 1985: 1980: 1925: 1875: 1860: 1745: 1635: 1585: 1465: 1026: 987: 822: 812: 798: 341: 326: 279: 131: 4606: 4518: 2699: 2227: 2090: 2020: 1950: 1825: 1800: 1780: 1760: 1640: 1515: 1505: 1382: 1213: 1135: 1128: 1123: 1038: 943: 928: 888: 849: 29: 3115: 3018: 4646: 4368: 3303: 2663: 2603: 2531: 2105: 2000: 1960: 1830: 1725: 1690: 1500: 1490: 1357: 1193: 1173: 1150: 1002: 982: 686: 531: 511: 312: 1415: 1342: 761: 2370: 4586: 3583: 3491: 3308: 2886: 2784: 2754: 2025: 1995: 1920: 1900: 1885: 1840: 1805: 1770: 1705: 1645: 1580: 1560: 1555: 1425: 1410: 1337: 1327: 1315: 1225: 1218: 1198: 1082: 997: 953: 883: 793: 274: 2404: 4556: 4451: 3611: 3449: 2988: 2808: 2645: 2639: 2110: 2095: 2085: 2065: 2035: 1970: 1945: 1870: 1850: 1845: 1790: 1710: 1675: 1660: 1625: 1610: 1590: 1535: 1520: 1510: 1495: 1480: 1475: 1470: 1420: 1397: 1240: 1235: 1021: 992: 969: 832: 396: 231: 206: 3374: 4576: 4571: 4551: 4533: 4185: 4093: 4088: 3353: 3243: 3012: 2982: 2244: 2060: 2050: 2040: 2015: 2005: 1935: 1915: 1895: 1835: 1775: 1755: 1740: 1695: 1685: 1665: 1600: 1550: 1545: 1530: 1485: 1430: 1285: 1245: 918: 106: 3288: 3171: 2814: 2189: 2115: 2030: 2010: 1990: 1965: 1930: 1890: 1865: 1855: 1795: 1765: 1750: 1720: 1715: 1700: 1680: 1630: 1575: 1570: 1525: 1447: 1280: 1230: 1140: 1089: 1033: 378: 3348: 2597: 2543: 516: 235: 4671: 3105: 2928: 2802: 2120: 1905: 1880: 1815: 1785: 1735: 1730: 1655: 1595: 1565: 1440: 1275: 1145: 1106: 1094: 1072: 1054: 869: 414: 331: 2952: 1405: 893: 127: 3503: 3687: 3410: 3406: 3263: 2910: 2500: 1352: 1322: 1099: 2458: 2434:"Statement of the Philippine Commission on Women: On International Women's Day" 3323: 2898: 2838: 1435: 1377: 1372: 3059: 2772: 623: 2371:"Participation of Women in Philippine Politics and Society: A Situationer" 3268: 3080: 2249: 2231: 837: 616: 2309:, 7 Filipino women had been among the 147 people who graduated from the 2239:
Participation of Women in Philippine Politics and Society: A Situationer
3656: 2832: 2537: 2459:
PHILIPPINE MAGNA CARTA OF WOMEN: THE “BILL OF RIGHTS” OF FILIPINO WOMEN
1392: 1347: 506: 3140: 908: 2405:"REPORT ON THE STATE OF WOMEN IN URBAN LOCAL GOVERNMENT PHILIPPINES" 4601: 4418: 842: 780: 637: 630: 3660: 3507: 3378: 2468: 2313:
in 1995, meaning that 3.1% of the 2,658 police were females.
805:
Gender representation on corporate boards of directors
4542: 4427: 4252: 4122: 3993: 3929: 3802: 3735: 3704: 3695: 3604: 3541: 3442: 3236: 3215: 3164: 3098: 3058: 2742: 2733: 2590: 2577: 2509: 2380:. Friedrich Ebert Stiftung (FES), Philippine Office 1028:Science, technology, engineering and mathematics 3672: 3519: 3390: 2480: 2142: 713: 8: 2217:Voters, elected candidates, and appointments 4424: 4258: 4128: 3990: 3935: 3808: 3701: 3679: 3665: 3657: 3526: 3512: 3504: 3397: 3383: 3375: 2739: 2587: 2487: 2473: 2465: 2149: 2135: 731: 720: 706: 15: 2399: 2397: 2395: 3474:National Assembly of the Second Republic 2461:, presented by Teresita Sylvia M. Salud 2352: 2224:Filipino women in the Philippine Senate 2162:Women and government in the Philippines 739: 18: 3468:National Assembly of the Commonwealth 2364: 2362: 2360: 2358: 2356: 7: 4683:Political history of the Philippines 2496:Political parties in the Philippines 2297:Women in the Philippine police force 1301:Gender representation in video games 3645:ARMM Regional Legislative Assembly 14: 4693:Women's rights in the Philippines 120:Vice President of the Philippines 4652: 4651: 4640: 3347: 2499: 2303:women in the Philippine military 2293:Women in the Philippine military 818:Diversity, equity, and inclusion 745: 680: 302:Supreme Court of the Philippines 28: 3535:Legislatures in the Philippines 52:Constitution of the Philippines 2276:Philippine Commission on Women 1: 2301:In relation to the number of 2269:Decision-makers and diplomats 4146:Business process outsourcing 2186:President of the Philippines 1269:Portrayal in American comics 860:Heads of state or government 99:President of the Philippines 3364:Politics of the Philippines 2311:Philippine Military Academy 2178:Republic of the Philippines 2164:describes the trend on how 179:Congress of the Philippines 21:Politics of the Philippines 4714: 4698:Women government officials 4678:Filipino women in politics 2290: 361:Constitutional commissions 4623: 4261: 4131: 3938: 3811: 3488:(1946–1972; 1987–present) 3417: 3359:List of political parties 3342: 3216:Non-participating parties 2280:International Women's Day 250:Party-list representation 4688:Women in the Philippines 4050:House of Representatives 3943:Administrative divisions 3559:House of Representatives 3432:House of Representatives 3294:National Socialist Party 2341:Women in the Philippines 2307:Philippine police forces 2252:(out of 41,917), 64,142 2242:1,731 councilors, 5,350 2166:women in the Philippines 576:Administrative divisions 370:Civil Service Commission 221:House of Representatives 2194:Gloria Macapagal Arroyo 855:Conservatives in the US 828:Explorers and travelers 406:Commission on Elections 4647:Philippines portal 4191:Science and technology 3618:Philippine Legislature 3462:Philippine Legislature 1158:In Shakespeare's works 687:Philippines portal 4602:Sport and martial art 4018:Executive departments 3566:Bangsamoro Parliament 3480:Commonwealth Congress 3456:Philippine Commission 2287:Military and policing 914:Nobel Prize laureates 342:Regional Trial Courts 260:Bangsamoro Parliament 151:Executive departments 4467:Fashion and clothing 4308:Environmental issues 4235:Water and sanitation 4072:Regional Trial Court 3917:World Heritage Sites 2718:United Benguet Party 2261:Sangguniang Kabataan 2258:leaders, and 18,794 2255:Sangguniang Barangay 2071:United Arab Emirates 1008:in the United States 823:Economic development 813:Diversity (politics) 799:Female entrepreneurs 327:Court of Tax Appeals 4457:Cultural properties 4223:Tourist attractions 3770:Japanese occupation 3354:Politics portal 3249:Democratic Alliance 3156:Other local parties 3049:Uswag Ilonggo Party 2676:Basilan Unity Party 2230:, 19.5% serving as 2228:Philippine Congress 2168:participate in the 2056:Trinidad and Tobago 1291:Speculative fiction 1184:Theological figures 1129:Feminist philosophy 929:Reproductive rights 735:Part of a series on 388:Commission on Audit 4472:Historical markers 4330:Indigenous peoples 4206:Telecommunications 3980:Political families 3821:Biosphere reserves 3623:National Assembly 3584:Municipal councils 3304:Philippine Falange 3237:Historical parties 2412:Philippines Report 1621:Dominican Republic 1388:Mixed martial arts 1358:Fastpitch softball 939:Violence and abuse 924:Positions of power 594:Autonomous regions 313:Alexander Gesmundo 275:Municipal councils 4665: 4664: 4619: 4618: 4615: 4614: 4529:Traditional games 4364:Income inequality 4347:Human trafficking 4248: 4247: 4211:Telephone numbers 4118: 4117: 4114: 4113: 3985:Political parties 3958:Foreign relations 3925: 3924: 3798: 3797: 3783:Marcos presidency 3774:Postcolonial era 3654: 3653: 3639:Batasang Pambansa 3589:Barangay councils 3574:Provincial boards 3501: 3500: 3492:Batasang Pambansa 3372: 3371: 3314:Progressive Party 3309:Progresista Party 3165:Out of government 3094: 3093: 3090: 3089: 2887:Bagong Henerasyon 2222:had been 7.7% of 2159: 2158: 1363:Football / soccer 1286:Fictional pirates 1078:Art history field 954:Exchange of women 730: 729: 663:Foreign relations 499:Political parties 280:Barangay councils 265:Provincial boards 4705: 4655: 4654: 4645: 4644: 4643: 4425: 4379:Overseas workers 4301:Higher education 4259: 4129: 4067:Court of Appeals 4023:Executive office 3991: 3936: 3809: 3750:Pre-colonial era 3702: 3681: 3674: 3667: 3658: 3612:Malolos Congress 3528: 3521: 3514: 3505: 3450:Malolos Congress 3399: 3392: 3385: 3376: 3352: 3351: 3319:Republican Party 3279:Lakas–CMD (1991) 3259:Federalist Party 3254:Democratic Party 3099:Local government 2740: 2646:Padayon Pilipino 2640:Bukidnon Paglaum 2588: 2504: 2503: 2489: 2482: 2475: 2466: 2446: 2445: 2443: 2441: 2430: 2424: 2423: 2421: 2419: 2409: 2401: 2390: 2389: 2387: 2385: 2375: 2366: 2245:Punong Barangays 2151: 2144: 2137: 1821:Marshall Islands 1398:Paralympic Games 1029: 806: 771: 749: 740:Women in society 732: 722: 715: 708: 685: 684: 683: 397:Gamaliel Cordoba 347:Barangay justice 322:Court of Appeals 232:Martin Romualdez 207:Francis Escudero 158:Local government 32: 16: 4713: 4712: 4708: 4707: 4706: 4704: 4703: 4702: 4668: 4667: 4666: 4661: 4641: 4639: 4611: 4538: 4507:Public holidays 4423: 4352:Sex trafficking 4244: 4110: 4028:Law enforcement 3989: 3921: 3885:Protected areas 3794: 3763:American period 3731: 3691: 3685: 3655: 3650: 3600: 3537: 3532: 3502: 3497: 3438: 3413: 3403: 3373: 3368: 3346: 3338: 3244:Democrata Party 3232: 3211: 3160: 3086: 3054: 3025:Senior Citizens 3013:Probinsyano Ako 2971:Manila Teachers 2869:Ang Probinsyano 2845:Ako Ilocano Ako 2745: 2729: 2583: 2581:Representatives 2580: 2573: 2505: 2498: 2493: 2455: 2450: 2449: 2439: 2437: 2432: 2431: 2427: 2417: 2415: 2407: 2403: 2402: 2393: 2383: 2381: 2373: 2368: 2367: 2354: 2349: 2337: 2328: 2319: 2299: 2291:Main articles: 2289: 2271: 2226:, 19.0% in the 2219: 2211: 2202: 2180:throughout its 2155: 2126: 2125: 1461: 1451: 1450: 1443: 1431:Track and field 1318: 1308: 1307: 1259: 1258:Popular culture 1251: 1250: 1179: 1178: 1163: 1162: 1117:Science fiction 1063: 1062: 1044: 1043: 1027: 978: 977: 959: 958: 934:Venture capital 899:Law enforcement 804: 789:Animal advocacy 785: 765: 762:Women's history 757: 726: 697: 693:Other countries 681: 679: 674: 673: 672: 657: 647: 646: 645: 578: 568: 567: 566: 501: 491: 490: 482: 458: 431: 421: 420: 419: 401: 383: 363: 353: 352: 351: 317: 296: 286: 285: 284: 255: 254: 216: 191: 173: 163: 162: 137: 107:Bongbong Marcos 93: 83: 82: 64: 46: 23: 12: 11: 5: 4711: 4709: 4701: 4700: 4695: 4690: 4685: 4680: 4670: 4669: 4663: 4662: 4660: 4659: 4649: 4636: 4635: 4630: 4624: 4621: 4620: 4617: 4616: 4613: 4612: 4610: 4609: 4604: 4599: 4594: 4589: 4584: 4579: 4574: 4569: 4564: 4559: 4554: 4548: 4546: 4540: 4539: 4537: 4536: 4531: 4526: 4521: 4516: 4515: 4514: 4504: 4499: 4494: 4489: 4484: 4479: 4474: 4469: 4464: 4459: 4454: 4449: 4444: 4439: 4433: 4431: 4422: 4421: 4416: 4411: 4406: 4401: 4396: 4391: 4386: 4381: 4376: 4371: 4366: 4361: 4356: 4355: 4354: 4344: 4339: 4334: 4333: 4332: 4322: 4321: 4320: 4315: 4313:Climate change 4305: 4304: 4303: 4293: 4288: 4283: 4278: 4273: 4268: 4262: 4256: 4250: 4249: 4246: 4245: 4243: 4242: 4237: 4232: 4230:Transportation 4227: 4226: 4225: 4215: 4214: 4213: 4203: 4198: 4196:Stock exchange 4193: 4188: 4183: 4178: 4173: 4168: 4163: 4158: 4153: 4148: 4143: 4138: 4132: 4126: 4120: 4119: 4116: 4115: 4112: 4111: 4109: 4108: 4103: 4102: 4101: 4096: 4091: 4086: 4076: 4075: 4074: 4069: 4064: 4054: 4053: 4052: 4047: 4037: 4036: 4035: 4030: 4025: 4020: 4015: 4014: 4013: 3999: 3997: 3988: 3987: 3982: 3977: 3972: 3971: 3970: 3960: 3955: 3950: 3945: 3939: 3933: 3927: 3926: 3923: 3922: 3920: 3919: 3914: 3909: 3904: 3899: 3894: 3893: 3892: 3890:National parks 3882: 3877: 3872: 3871: 3870: 3860: 3858:Extreme points 3855: 3850: 3845: 3844: 3843: 3838: 3836:Climate change 3828: 3823: 3818: 3812: 3806: 3800: 3799: 3796: 3795: 3793: 3792: 3791: 3790: 3788:Fifth Republic 3785: 3780: 3778:Third Republic 3772: 3767: 3766: 3765: 3760: 3758:Spanish period 3752: 3747: 3741: 3739: 3733: 3732: 3730: 3729: 3724: 3719: 3714: 3708: 3706: 3699: 3693: 3692: 3690: articles 3686: 3684: 3683: 3676: 3669: 3661: 3652: 3651: 3649: 3648: 3642: 3636: 3635: 3634: 3629: 3621: 3615: 3608: 3606: 3602: 3601: 3599: 3598: 3597: 3596: 3594:Youth councils 3591: 3586: 3581: 3576: 3568: 3563: 3562: 3561: 3556: 3545: 3543: 3539: 3538: 3533: 3531: 3530: 3523: 3516: 3508: 3499: 3498: 3496: 3495: 3489: 3483: 3477: 3471: 3465: 3459: 3453: 3446: 3444: 3440: 3439: 3437: 3436: 3435: 3434: 3429: 3418: 3415: 3414: 3404: 3402: 3401: 3394: 3387: 3379: 3370: 3369: 3367: 3366: 3361: 3356: 3343: 3340: 3339: 3337: 3336: 3331: 3326: 3321: 3316: 3311: 3306: 3301: 3296: 3291: 3289:Lapiang Malaya 3286: 3281: 3276: 3271: 3266: 3261: 3256: 3251: 3246: 3240: 3238: 3234: 3233: 3231: 3230: 3225: 3219: 3217: 3213: 3212: 3210: 3209: 3204: 3199: 3194: 3189: 3184: 3179: 3174: 3172:Bagumbayan-VNP 3168: 3166: 3162: 3161: 3159: 3158: 3153: 3148: 3143: 3138: 3133: 3128: 3123: 3118: 3113: 3108: 3102: 3100: 3096: 3095: 3092: 3091: 3088: 3087: 3085: 3084: 3078: 3072: 3065: 3063: 3056: 3055: 3053: 3052: 3046: 3040: 3034: 3028: 3022: 3016: 3010: 3004: 2998: 2992: 2986: 2980: 2974: 2968: 2962: 2956: 2950: 2944: 2938: 2932: 2926: 2920: 2914: 2908: 2902: 2896: 2890: 2884: 2878: 2872: 2866: 2860: 2854: 2848: 2842: 2836: 2830: 2824: 2818: 2812: 2806: 2800: 2794: 2788: 2782: 2776: 2770: 2764: 2758: 2751: 2749: 2737: 2731: 2730: 2728: 2727: 2721: 2715: 2709: 2703: 2697: 2691: 2685: 2679: 2673: 2667: 2661: 2655: 2649: 2643: 2637: 2631: 2625: 2619: 2613: 2607: 2601: 2594: 2592: 2585: 2575: 2574: 2572: 2571: 2565: 2559: 2553: 2547: 2541: 2535: 2529: 2523: 2516: 2514: 2507: 2506: 2494: 2492: 2491: 2484: 2477: 2469: 2463: 2462: 2454: 2453:External links 2451: 2448: 2447: 2425: 2391: 2369:Hega, Mylene. 2351: 2350: 2348: 2345: 2344: 2343: 2336: 2333: 2327: 2324: 2318: 2315: 2288: 2285: 2270: 2267: 2218: 2215: 2210: 2207: 2201: 2198: 2190:Corazon Aquino 2157: 2156: 2154: 2153: 2146: 2139: 2131: 2128: 2127: 2124: 2123: 2118: 2113: 2108: 2103: 2098: 2093: 2088: 2083: 2078: 2076:United Kingdom 2073: 2068: 2063: 2058: 2053: 2048: 2043: 2038: 2033: 2028: 2023: 2018: 2013: 2008: 2003: 1998: 1993: 1988: 1983: 1978: 1973: 1968: 1963: 1958: 1953: 1948: 1943: 1938: 1933: 1928: 1923: 1918: 1913: 1908: 1903: 1898: 1893: 1888: 1883: 1878: 1873: 1868: 1863: 1858: 1853: 1848: 1843: 1838: 1833: 1828: 1823: 1818: 1813: 1808: 1803: 1798: 1793: 1788: 1783: 1778: 1773: 1768: 1763: 1758: 1753: 1748: 1743: 1738: 1733: 1728: 1723: 1718: 1713: 1708: 1703: 1698: 1693: 1688: 1683: 1678: 1673: 1668: 1663: 1658: 1653: 1648: 1643: 1638: 1633: 1628: 1623: 1618: 1613: 1608: 1598: 1593: 1588: 1583: 1578: 1573: 1568: 1563: 1558: 1553: 1548: 1543: 1538: 1533: 1528: 1523: 1518: 1513: 1508: 1503: 1498: 1493: 1488: 1483: 1478: 1473: 1468: 1462: 1457: 1456: 1453: 1452: 1448:List of sports 1445: 1444: 1438: 1433: 1428: 1423: 1418: 1413: 1408: 1403: 1400: 1395: 1390: 1385: 1380: 1375: 1370: 1365: 1360: 1355: 1350: 1345: 1340: 1335: 1330: 1325: 1319: 1314: 1313: 1310: 1309: 1306: 1305: 1304: 1303: 1293: 1288: 1283: 1278: 1273: 1272: 1271: 1260: 1257: 1256: 1253: 1252: 1249: 1248: 1243: 1238: 1233: 1228: 1223: 1222: 1221: 1216: 1211: 1201: 1196: 1191: 1186: 1180: 1177: 1176: 1170: 1169: 1168: 1165: 1164: 1161: 1160: 1155: 1154: 1153: 1148: 1138: 1133: 1132: 1131: 1121: 1120: 1119: 1109: 1104: 1103: 1102: 1100:"Chick flicks" 1092: 1087: 1086: 1085: 1083:Women's cinema 1075: 1070: 1064: 1061: 1060: 1057: 1051: 1050: 1049: 1046: 1045: 1042: 1041: 1036: 1031: 1024: 1019: 1014: 1013: 1012: 1011: 1010: 995: 990: 985: 979: 976: 975: 972: 966: 965: 964: 961: 960: 957: 956: 951: 946: 941: 936: 931: 926: 921: 916: 911: 906: 901: 896: 891: 886: 881: 880: 879: 878: 877: 867: 862: 857: 847: 846: 845: 835: 830: 825: 820: 815: 810: 809: 808: 801: 791: 784: 783: 777: 776: 773: 772: 758: 755: 754: 751: 750: 742: 741: 737: 736: 728: 727: 725: 724: 717: 710: 702: 699: 698: 696: 695: 689: 676: 675: 671: 670: 665: 659: 658: 655:Related topics 653: 652: 649: 648: 644: 643: 642: 641: 634: 627: 613: 611:Municipalities 608: 603: 598: 597: 596: 586: 580: 579: 574: 573: 570: 569: 565: 564: 559: 554: 549: 544: 539: 534: 529: 524: 519: 514: 509: 503: 502: 497: 496: 493: 492: 489: 488: 481: 480: 479: 478: 473: 468: 459: 457: 456: 455: 454: 447: 442: 433: 432: 427: 426: 423: 422: 418: 417: 410: 409: 400: 399: 392: 391: 382: 381: 379:Karlo Nograles 374: 373: 365: 364: 359: 358: 355: 354: 350: 349: 344: 339: 334: 329: 324: 318: 316: 315: 306: 305: 297: 292: 291: 288: 287: 283: 282: 277: 272: 267: 262: 256: 253: 252: 247: 241: 240: 239: 225: 224: 215: 214: 200: 199: 190: 189: 183: 182: 174: 169: 168: 165: 164: 161: 160: 154: 153: 148: 136: 135: 124: 123: 115: 114: 103: 102: 94: 89: 88: 85: 84: 81: 80: 75: 70: 63: 62: 60:Charter Change 56: 55: 47: 42: 41: 38: 37: 34: 33: 25: 24: 19: 13: 10: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 4710: 4699: 4696: 4694: 4691: 4689: 4686: 4684: 4681: 4679: 4676: 4675: 4673: 4658: 4650: 4648: 4638: 4637: 4634: 4631: 4629: 4626: 4625: 4622: 4608: 4605: 4603: 4600: 4598: 4597:Sign language 4595: 4593: 4590: 4588: 4585: 4583: 4580: 4578: 4575: 4573: 4570: 4568: 4565: 4563: 4560: 4558: 4555: 4553: 4550: 4549: 4547: 4545: 4541: 4535: 4532: 4530: 4527: 4525: 4522: 4520: 4517: 4513: 4510: 4509: 4508: 4505: 4503: 4500: 4498: 4495: 4493: 4490: 4488: 4485: 4483: 4480: 4478: 4475: 4473: 4470: 4468: 4465: 4463: 4460: 4458: 4455: 4453: 4450: 4448: 4445: 4443: 4440: 4438: 4435: 4434: 4432: 4430: 4426: 4420: 4417: 4415: 4412: 4410: 4407: 4405: 4402: 4400: 4397: 4395: 4392: 4390: 4387: 4385: 4382: 4380: 4377: 4375: 4372: 4370: 4367: 4365: 4362: 4360: 4357: 4353: 4350: 4349: 4348: 4345: 4343: 4340: 4338: 4335: 4331: 4328: 4327: 4326: 4325:Ethnic groups 4323: 4319: 4318:Deforestation 4316: 4314: 4311: 4310: 4309: 4306: 4302: 4299: 4298: 4297: 4294: 4292: 4289: 4287: 4284: 4282: 4279: 4277: 4274: 4272: 4269: 4267: 4264: 4263: 4260: 4257: 4255: 4251: 4241: 4238: 4236: 4233: 4231: 4228: 4224: 4221: 4220: 4219: 4216: 4212: 4209: 4208: 4207: 4204: 4202: 4199: 4197: 4194: 4192: 4189: 4187: 4184: 4182: 4179: 4177: 4176:National debt 4174: 4172: 4171:Fiscal policy 4169: 4167: 4164: 4162: 4159: 4157: 4154: 4152: 4149: 4147: 4144: 4142: 4139: 4137: 4134: 4133: 4130: 4127: 4125: 4121: 4107: 4104: 4100: 4097: 4095: 4092: 4090: 4087: 4085: 4082: 4081: 4080: 4077: 4073: 4070: 4068: 4065: 4063: 4062:Supreme Court 4060: 4059: 4058: 4055: 4051: 4048: 4046: 4043: 4042: 4041: 4038: 4034: 4031: 4029: 4026: 4024: 4021: 4019: 4016: 4012: 4009: 4008: 4007: 4004: 4003: 4001: 4000: 3998: 3996: 3992: 3986: 3983: 3981: 3978: 3976: 3973: 3969: 3966: 3965: 3964: 3961: 3959: 3956: 3954: 3951: 3949: 3946: 3944: 3941: 3940: 3937: 3934: 3932: 3928: 3918: 3915: 3913: 3910: 3908: 3905: 3903: 3900: 3898: 3895: 3891: 3888: 3887: 3886: 3883: 3881: 3878: 3876: 3873: 3869: 3866: 3865: 3864: 3863:Island groups 3861: 3859: 3856: 3854: 3851: 3849: 3846: 3842: 3839: 3837: 3834: 3833: 3832: 3829: 3827: 3824: 3822: 3819: 3817: 3814: 3813: 3810: 3807: 3805: 3801: 3789: 3786: 3784: 3781: 3779: 3776: 3775: 3773: 3771: 3768: 3764: 3761: 3759: 3756: 3755: 3754:Colonial era 3753: 3751: 3748: 3746: 3743: 3742: 3740: 3738: 3734: 3728: 3725: 3723: 3720: 3718: 3715: 3713: 3710: 3709: 3707: 3703: 3700: 3698: 3694: 3689: 3682: 3677: 3675: 3670: 3668: 3663: 3662: 3659: 3646: 3643: 3640: 3637: 3633: 3630: 3628: 3625: 3624: 3622: 3619: 3616: 3613: 3610: 3609: 3607: 3603: 3595: 3592: 3590: 3587: 3585: 3582: 3580: 3579:City councils 3577: 3575: 3572: 3571: 3569: 3567: 3564: 3560: 3557: 3555: 3552: 3551: 3550: 3547: 3546: 3544: 3540: 3536: 3529: 3524: 3522: 3517: 3515: 3510: 3509: 3506: 3493: 3490: 3487: 3484: 3481: 3478: 3475: 3472: 3469: 3466: 3463: 3460: 3457: 3454: 3451: 3448: 3447: 3445: 3441: 3433: 3430: 3428: 3425: 3424: 3423: 3420: 3419: 3416: 3412: 3408: 3400: 3395: 3393: 3388: 3386: 3381: 3380: 3377: 3365: 3362: 3360: 3357: 3355: 3350: 3345: 3344: 3341: 3335: 3332: 3330: 3327: 3325: 3322: 3320: 3317: 3315: 3312: 3310: 3307: 3305: 3302: 3300: 3297: 3295: 3292: 3290: 3287: 3285: 3282: 3280: 3277: 3275: 3272: 3270: 3267: 3265: 3262: 3260: 3257: 3255: 3252: 3250: 3247: 3245: 3242: 3241: 3239: 3235: 3229: 3226: 3224: 3221: 3220: 3218: 3214: 3208: 3205: 3203: 3200: 3198: 3195: 3193: 3190: 3188: 3185: 3183: 3180: 3178: 3175: 3173: 3170: 3169: 3167: 3163: 3157: 3154: 3152: 3149: 3147: 3144: 3142: 3139: 3137: 3134: 3132: 3129: 3127: 3124: 3122: 3119: 3117: 3114: 3112: 3109: 3107: 3106:Ang Kapatiran 3104: 3103: 3101: 3097: 3082: 3079: 3076: 3073: 3070: 3067: 3066: 3064: 3061: 3057: 3050: 3047: 3044: 3041: 3038: 3035: 3032: 3029: 3026: 3023: 3020: 3017: 3014: 3011: 3008: 3005: 3002: 2999: 2996: 2993: 2990: 2987: 2984: 2981: 2978: 2975: 2972: 2969: 2966: 2963: 2960: 2957: 2954: 2951: 2948: 2945: 2942: 2939: 2936: 2933: 2930: 2929:Duterte Youth 2927: 2924: 2921: 2918: 2915: 2912: 2909: 2906: 2903: 2900: 2897: 2894: 2891: 2888: 2885: 2882: 2879: 2876: 2873: 2870: 2867: 2864: 2861: 2858: 2855: 2852: 2849: 2846: 2843: 2840: 2837: 2834: 2831: 2828: 2825: 2822: 2819: 2816: 2813: 2810: 2807: 2804: 2803:Abang Lingkod 2801: 2798: 2795: 2792: 2789: 2786: 2783: 2780: 2777: 2774: 2771: 2768: 2765: 2762: 2759: 2756: 2753: 2752: 2750: 2747: 2741: 2738: 2736: 2732: 2725: 2722: 2719: 2716: 2713: 2710: 2707: 2704: 2701: 2698: 2695: 2692: 2689: 2686: 2683: 2680: 2677: 2674: 2671: 2668: 2665: 2662: 2659: 2656: 2653: 2650: 2647: 2644: 2641: 2638: 2635: 2632: 2629: 2626: 2623: 2620: 2617: 2614: 2611: 2608: 2605: 2602: 2599: 2596: 2595: 2593: 2589: 2586: 2582: 2576: 2569: 2566: 2563: 2560: 2557: 2554: 2551: 2548: 2545: 2542: 2539: 2536: 2533: 2530: 2527: 2524: 2521: 2518: 2517: 2515: 2512: 2508: 2502: 2497: 2490: 2485: 2483: 2478: 2476: 2471: 2470: 2467: 2460: 2457: 2456: 2452: 2435: 2429: 2426: 2413: 2406: 2400: 2398: 2396: 2392: 2379: 2372: 2365: 2363: 2361: 2359: 2357: 2353: 2346: 2342: 2339: 2338: 2334: 2332: 2325: 2323: 2316: 2314: 2312: 2308: 2304: 2298: 2294: 2286: 2284: 2281: 2277: 2268: 2266: 2263: 2262: 2257: 2256: 2251: 2247: 2246: 2240: 2235: 2233: 2229: 2225: 2216: 2214: 2208: 2206: 2199: 2197: 2195: 2191: 2187: 2183: 2179: 2175: 2171: 2167: 2163: 2152: 2147: 2145: 2140: 2138: 2133: 2132: 2130: 2129: 2122: 2119: 2117: 2114: 2112: 2109: 2107: 2104: 2102: 2099: 2097: 2094: 2092: 2089: 2087: 2084: 2082: 2081:United States 2079: 2077: 2074: 2072: 2069: 2067: 2064: 2062: 2059: 2057: 2054: 2052: 2049: 2047: 2044: 2042: 2039: 2037: 2034: 2032: 2029: 2027: 2024: 2022: 2019: 2017: 2014: 2012: 2009: 2007: 2004: 2002: 1999: 1997: 1994: 1992: 1989: 1987: 1984: 1982: 1979: 1977: 1974: 1972: 1969: 1967: 1964: 1962: 1959: 1957: 1954: 1952: 1949: 1947: 1944: 1942: 1939: 1937: 1934: 1932: 1929: 1927: 1924: 1922: 1919: 1917: 1914: 1912: 1909: 1907: 1904: 1902: 1899: 1897: 1894: 1892: 1889: 1887: 1884: 1882: 1879: 1877: 1874: 1872: 1869: 1867: 1864: 1862: 1859: 1857: 1854: 1852: 1849: 1847: 1844: 1842: 1839: 1837: 1834: 1832: 1829: 1827: 1824: 1822: 1819: 1817: 1814: 1812: 1809: 1807: 1804: 1802: 1799: 1797: 1794: 1792: 1789: 1787: 1784: 1782: 1779: 1777: 1774: 1772: 1769: 1767: 1764: 1762: 1759: 1757: 1754: 1752: 1749: 1747: 1744: 1742: 1739: 1737: 1734: 1732: 1729: 1727: 1724: 1722: 1719: 1717: 1714: 1712: 1709: 1707: 1704: 1702: 1699: 1697: 1694: 1692: 1689: 1687: 1684: 1682: 1679: 1677: 1674: 1672: 1669: 1667: 1664: 1662: 1659: 1657: 1654: 1652: 1651:FS Micronesia 1649: 1647: 1644: 1642: 1639: 1637: 1634: 1632: 1629: 1627: 1624: 1622: 1619: 1617: 1614: 1612: 1609: 1606: 1602: 1599: 1597: 1594: 1592: 1589: 1587: 1584: 1582: 1579: 1577: 1574: 1572: 1569: 1567: 1564: 1562: 1559: 1557: 1554: 1552: 1549: 1547: 1544: 1542: 1539: 1537: 1534: 1532: 1529: 1527: 1524: 1522: 1519: 1517: 1514: 1512: 1509: 1507: 1504: 1502: 1499: 1497: 1494: 1492: 1489: 1487: 1484: 1482: 1479: 1477: 1474: 1472: 1469: 1467: 1464: 1463: 1460: 1455: 1454: 1449: 1442: 1441:Winter sports 1439: 1437: 1434: 1432: 1429: 1427: 1424: 1422: 1419: 1417: 1414: 1412: 1409: 1407: 1404: 1401: 1399: 1396: 1394: 1391: 1389: 1386: 1384: 1381: 1379: 1376: 1374: 1371: 1369: 1366: 1364: 1361: 1359: 1356: 1354: 1351: 1349: 1346: 1344: 1341: 1339: 1336: 1334: 1331: 1329: 1326: 1324: 1321: 1320: 1317: 1312: 1311: 1302: 1299: 1298: 1297: 1294: 1292: 1289: 1287: 1284: 1282: 1279: 1277: 1276:Film industry 1274: 1270: 1267: 1266: 1265: 1262: 1261: 1255: 1254: 1247: 1244: 1242: 1239: 1237: 1234: 1232: 1229: 1227: 1224: 1220: 1217: 1215: 1212: 1210: 1207: 1206: 1205: 1202: 1200: 1197: 1195: 1192: 1190: 1187: 1185: 1182: 1181: 1175: 1172: 1171: 1167: 1166: 1159: 1156: 1152: 1149: 1147: 1144: 1143: 1142: 1139: 1137: 1136:Photographers 1134: 1130: 1127: 1126: 1125: 1122: 1118: 1115: 1114: 1113: 1110: 1108: 1105: 1101: 1098: 1097: 1096: 1093: 1091: 1088: 1084: 1081: 1080: 1079: 1076: 1074: 1071: 1069: 1066: 1065: 1058: 1056: 1053: 1052: 1048: 1047: 1040: 1037: 1035: 1032: 1030: 1025: 1023: 1020: 1018: 1017:Organizations 1015: 1009: 1006: 1005: 1004: 1001: 1000: 999: 996: 994: 991: 989: 986: 984: 981: 980: 973: 971: 968: 967: 963: 962: 955: 952: 950: 947: 945: 944:Voting rights 942: 940: 937: 935: 932: 930: 927: 925: 922: 920: 917: 915: 912: 910: 907: 905: 902: 900: 897: 895: 892: 890: 887: 885: 882: 876: 873: 872: 871: 870:Queen regnant 868: 866: 863: 861: 858: 856: 853: 852: 851: 848: 844: 841: 840: 839: 836: 834: 831: 829: 826: 824: 821: 819: 816: 814: 811: 807: 802: 800: 797: 796: 795: 792: 790: 787: 786: 782: 779: 778: 775: 774: 769: 763: 760: 759: 753: 752: 748: 744: 743: 738: 734: 733: 723: 718: 716: 711: 709: 704: 703: 701: 700: 694: 691: 690: 688: 678: 677: 669: 666: 664: 661: 660: 656: 651: 650: 640: 639: 635: 633: 632: 628: 626: 625: 621: 620: 619: 618: 614: 612: 609: 607: 604: 602: 599: 595: 592: 591: 590: 587: 585: 582: 581: 577: 572: 571: 563: 560: 558: 555: 553: 550: 548: 545: 543: 540: 538: 535: 533: 530: 528: 525: 523: 520: 518: 515: 513: 510: 508: 505: 504: 500: 495: 494: 487: 484: 483: 477: 474: 472: 469: 467: 464: 463: 461: 460: 453: 452: 448: 446: 443: 441: 438: 437: 435: 434: 430: 425: 424: 416: 415:George Garcia 412: 411: 408: 407: 403: 402: 398: 394: 393: 390: 389: 385: 384: 380: 376: 375: 372: 371: 367: 366: 362: 357: 356: 348: 345: 343: 340: 338: 335: 333: 332:Sandiganbayan 330: 328: 325: 323: 320: 319: 314: 311: 310:Chief Justice 308: 307: 304: 303: 299: 298: 295: 290: 289: 281: 278: 276: 273: 271: 270:City councils 268: 266: 263: 261: 258: 257: 251: 248: 246: 243: 242: 237: 233: 230: 227: 226: 223: 222: 218: 217: 212: 208: 205: 202: 201: 198: 197: 193: 192: 188: 187:19th Congress 185: 184: 181: 180: 176: 175: 172: 167: 166: 159: 156: 155: 152: 149: 146: 142: 139: 138: 133: 129: 126: 125: 122: 121: 117: 116: 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Index

Politics of the Philippines

Government
Constitution of the Philippines
Charter Change
Laws
Legal codes
Taxation
Executive
President of the Philippines
Bongbong Marcos
PFP
Vice President of the Philippines
Sara Duterte
HNP
Cabinet
lists
Executive departments
Local government
Legislature
Congress of the Philippines
19th Congress
Senate
President
Francis Escudero
Independent
House of Representatives
Speaker
Martin Romualdez
Lakas

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