171:. In the early 1980s The Keppel Islands Lifestyle Aborigninal Corporation (K.I.L.A.C) was formed by the initiative of Woppaburra descendants Elders Aunty Glenice Croft, Aunty Linette Van Issum, Uncle Robert Barney, Aunty Ethel Richards, Aunty Heather Saunders, Aunty Ruthy Cummings and their children Michelle Croft, Angela & Sonny Van Issum. When the K.I.L.A.C media person Aunty Glenice Croft contacted Michael Rowland after media coverage about Mr Rowland's archaeological survey on the Keppel Islands, he met Aunty Ethel Richards, Aunty Glenice Croft and others. This led to the first Woppaburra reunion return in 1984 when 40 descendants met up on Great Keppel island.
108:, the first visit of whites to the island, in 1865, occasioned a massacre of seven/eight members of the tribe: not mentioned in the report of the expedition, which spoke of an incident in which the group had saved a fleeing Aboriginal woman after she fell into the sea and injured herself, this or perhaps an earlier occasion of slaughter, was pointed out by tribal people later, who showed a hundred-yard line pitted with the skeletal remains of the Woppaburra who had been killed, and several males, accused of killing some sheep, were transported off the terrain, to
132:
sharks in attempts to get back to their homeland- as a result of "coast fever" and an inability to live off the different diet. Corpses of
Woppaburra were found here and there in scrubland and along the beaches. Reports from the mid-1880s indicate that some Woppaburra remained on the island, used as cheap labour on the sheep-runs, men and women whipped along as, harnassed to a plough, they were forced to furrow the soil, and fed tidbits thrown their way by whites. They were chained to a tidal cave if they refused to work.
159:. Roth insisted they not be dislocated from the islands, and was thought to favour the lessee's interests, while Meston was shocked by the degraded conditions to which the Woppaburra had been reduced in the introduced pastoralist environment. Roth reported 19 Woppaburra people on the island in 1898, 3 of them male, and 16 female, a disparity he attributed to the character of the Europeans who frequented the isle. Meston wanted them shifted to Fraser Island to isolate them from sexually predatory whites and fishermen.
120:, while leaving only two women behind. Robert Ross's pastoral lease ran 3–4,000 sheep on island. Another white version at the time (1883) claimed that the Woppaburra were not native to the island but had managed, being part of a mainland tribe, to get over to the island and kill a 100 sheep, and that this accounted for their removal. According to testimony given to
124:, however, some whites and mainland blacks had descended on the island, and hunted up all the Woppaburra women and children they could find, and had them transported back to the coast. "Human lives were sacrificed for sheep," was his conclusion. Ross may have shifted them to the mainland to supply cheap labour for the property at
185:
Almost 120 years ago, the
Woppaburra people were forcibly removed from their islands in central Queensland, enduring deep suffering, but in a historic ruling on 3 December 2021 the Woppaburra Peoples were recognised as native title holders, proving their unwavering connection to the Keppel Islands
78:
White settlers described the
Woppaburas small in stature, the hair of a reddish-brown tint, and their bodies covered in downy hair and living predominantly in natural caverns, and subsisting on a diet of fish and tubers since natural land game, such as kangaroos, opossums and wallabies, was absent
131:
Deracinated on the mainland, and unable to adapt to
Yeppoon conditions, where they eventually were said to have retired to, reports quickly noted that the transported group was rapidly dying off -though one man, Yoolowa/Lowoo, was said to have swum back to Keppel island and others were eaten by
280:
Albert Ross last initiated young
Woppaburra male removed 1900s, his daughter is Lillian C.Ross her traditional name is Kalulu which means Yellow Waterlilly) she had eleven children. Alive are Linette Russ, Gordon Barney, Glenice Croft, Bess Catley, Valmai Burns, Christine Williams and Vanessa
83:
in 1902 estimated the original population before contact to be around 200. Disparities overall numbers may reflect headcounts for the separate islands, and
Rowland makes an estimate of the total Woppaburra before contact to be around 60 on South Keppel and a further 25 on the northern island.
162:
The remaining members of the
Woppaburra were forcibly removed from the island in 1902, though one descendant claims his family was removed 8 years later, in 1910. The skeletal remains of 2 Woppaburra people were removed to museum holdings in London, in the 1920s, and were conserved at the
79:
from the island. Their numbers, as pastoral lease-holders began to establish a foothold on their territory in the 1860s, were believed to be about 60 people, and W. T. Wyndham reported later that during his own sojourn on the island in 1883–4, he counted 54.
65:
According to an early sojourner, C. T. Wyndham, the language spoken was divided into two distinct dialects, northern and southern. This was disputed by another white informant who said that mainland
Aboriginal people in that area could understand the
150:
Ross's Keppel interests were taken over by his foreman, James Lucas, in 1897 and he moved the
Woppaburra to South Keppel island near his homestead. At the same time, in the late 1890s, a dispute over territorial competence arose between the northern
95:
have suggested the
Woppaburra are quite distinct from the mainland peoples, one 1976 study concluding that, their bone remains constitute the "most striking instance we have seen of micro-evolution” within the Australian Aboriginal people.
245:
describes the great anger and pain felt in the self and for others, the cleansing process crucial to recovery and regeneration, the grieving process necessary to restore the health of the community, and the healing process that results.
232:" and refers to both the symbolism of raging anger and its use in cleansing the earth to make way for new spring growth, in turn referring to the sacred responsibilities of taking care of country and also of people.
236:
means "water" and refers to both the symbolism of deep grieving and its essential life-giving and healing properties, in the form of rain and the ways it moves through the landscape, following the tracks of
846:
112:, where the local tribes viewed them with hostility. The then lessee however stated that a full 30 had been removed, at their request, to the mainland, and relocated, after landing at
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839:
189:"Woppaburra People are the only native title group to be removed from country for over 80 years and to achieve exclusive native titles rights over our country."
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182:
Their native title determination area covers 567 square kilometres and includes Woppa (Great Keppel formerly known as South Keppel) and Konomie (North Keppel)
695:"Extract from the Register of Native Title Claims Robert Muir Snr & Ors on behalf of the Woppaburra People v State of Queensland (Woppaburra People)"
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832:
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104:
According to Michael Rowland, an authority on the Woppaburra writing in part to reply to the skepticism about reports of genocide advanced by
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781:
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as well as by the need to provide a culturally safe environment in which people could "intellectualise" or make sense of their experiences.
292:
710:
62:, an early settler of the island, Robert Ross, stated that their language was unintelligible to the mainland Aboriginal people.
701:
197:
168:
143:, appears to have struck the Woppaburra, according to the tales handed down by descendants of the tribe in both Yeppoon and
221:
655:
772:. In Ulm, Sean; Westcott, Catherine; Reid, Jill; Ross, Anne; Lilley, Ian; Kirkwood, Luke; Prangnell, Jon (eds.).
193:
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136:
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139:, involving not only shootings, poisonings, and being driven into the sea, but also theft of their women by
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39:
728:
793:"Myths and non‐myths: Frontier 'massacres' in Australian history — the Woppaburra of the Keppel Islands"
770:""Crows", Swimming Logs and AuditoryExostoses: Isolation on the Keppel Islands and Broader Implications"
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1499:
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676:
Trauma Trails, Recreating Song Lines: The Transgenerational Effects of Trauma in Indigenous Australia
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Jackson Van Issum, Lead singer and front man of Aria nominated Australian Surf Rock band, The
59:
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80:
179:
On 3 December 2021 the Woppaburra people were formally recognised as native title holders.
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made in November 2013 in the name of descendants of the Woppaburra was accepted by the
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Some 300 Australians trace their origins to the Woppaburra of the Keppel Islands.
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344:"Going Places with Ernie Dingo" Capricorn Coast (TV Episode 2021) | Documentary
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to describe a therapy program devised for indigenous peoples affected by the
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Popular Justice and Community Regeneration: Pathways of Indigenous Reform
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729:"North Queensland Ethnography: Social and individual nomenclature"
776:. Tempus. Vol. 7. University of Queensland. pp. 61–73.
274:
Ethel Richards, the daughter of Konomie, was still alive in 2004.
2000:
1233:
828:
605:
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and waters of the Great Barrier Reef - Queensland, Australia.
711:"Chrissy spends decades to find Woppaburra ancestor in UK"
271:
in 1973. Many indigenous Queenslanders are related to her.
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589:
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27:
Aboriginal people of Greater and South Keppel Islands
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648:"We Al-Li "Fire and Water": A Process of Healing"
291:Angela Leitch (Barney), Deputy Vice-Chancellor,
192:On 7 March 2014, the registration of a claim to
840:
263:Konomie Richards (1883/5-1973), native name,
8:
578:
153:protector of Queensland's aboriginal peoples
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58:Though often thought to have spoken the
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114:a place 10 miles south of Cape Manifold
756:
745:
646:Atkinson, Judy; Ober, Coralie (1995).
593:
7:
2623:Aboriginal communities in Queensland
709:Gately, Michelle (18 August 2015).
650:. In Hazlehurst, Kayleen M. (ed.).
606:National Native Title Tribunal 2014
25:
298:Dr Harry Van Issum (Sonny), Phd,
218:historic traumas of dispossession
44:Greater and South Keppel islands
169:London's Natural History Museum
42:whose traditional lands are on
702:National Native Title Tribunal
198:National Native Title Tribunal
1:
797:Journal of Australian Studies
774:Barriers, Borders, Boundaries
155:, and his southern colleague
40:Aboriginal Australian people
2639:
1206:Guugu Yimithirr/Kokoimudji
656:Greenwood Publishing Group
380:"Word Up: Shella Anunakiu"
220:, informed by the work of
2546:
809:10.1080/14443050409387934
791:Rowland, Michael (2004).
768:Rowland, Michael (2001).
286:Other Notable Descendants
165:Royal College of Surgeons
118:Water Park Native Reserve
579:Atkinson & Ober 1995
2500:Torres Strait Islanders
989:Bidjara (Warrego River)
673:Atkinson, Judy (2002).
277:Chrissy Hansen-Doherty.
48:{{sfn|Rowland|2004|p=1}
982:Bidjara (Bulloo River)
755:Cite journal requires
269:Acacia Ridge, Brisbane
93:Anthropometric studies
2552:By state or territory
2057:Uw Oykangand/Kwantari
1192:Gungganyji/Kongkandji
1164:Gugu-Badhun/Kokopatun
856:Indigenous Australian
212:was adopted from the
74:Ecology and Lifestyle
727:(15 November 1910).
716:The Morning Bulletin
658:. pp. 201–218.
632:, pp. 1–16 n.1.
267:, died, aged 90. at
704:. 19 December 2014.
300:Griffith University
214:Woppaburra language
68:Woppaburra language
2565:Northern Territory
679:. Spinifex Press.
530:, pp. 7–8, 9.
443:, pp. 12, 15.
386:. 10 February 2018
241:. Taken together,
135:Something akin to
106:Keith Windschuttle
2610:
2609:
2600:Western Australia
1199:Gunggari/Kunggari
1045:Djabugay/Tjapukai
783:978-1-864-99568-8
740:Australian Museum
686:978-1-876-75622-2
665:978-0-275-95131-3
620:, pp. 93–95.
141:Japanese pearlers
60:Darumbal language
16:(Redirected from
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332:, pp. 1–16.
327:
157:Archibald Meston
137:frontier warfare
81:Archibald Meston
34:, also known as
21:
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88:Anthropometrics
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11:
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2277:
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2256:
2249:
2242:
2235:
2228:
2221:
2214:
2207:
2200:
2193:
2186:
2179:
2172:
2165:
2158:
2151:
2144:
2137:
2130:
2123:
2116:
2109:
2102:
2095:
2088:
2081:
2074:
2067:
2060:
2053:
2046:
2039:
2032:
2025:
2018:
2011:
2004:
1997:
1990:
1983:
1976:
1969:
1962:
1955:
1948:
1941:
1934:
1933:
1932:
1909:
1902:
1895:
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1860:
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1573:
1566:
1559:
1552:
1545:
1538:
1531:
1524:
1517:
1510:
1503:
1496:
1493:Kugu Nganhcara
1489:
1482:
1475:
1468:
1461:
1454:
1447:
1440:
1433:
1426:
1419:
1412:
1405:
1398:
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1377:
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1363:
1356:
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1300:
1293:
1286:
1279:
1272:
1265:
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1244:
1237:
1230:
1223:
1216:
1209:
1202:
1195:
1188:
1181:
1174:
1167:
1160:
1157:Kutjala/Gudjal
1153:
1146:
1139:
1132:
1125:
1118:
1111:
1104:
1097:
1090:
1083:
1076:
1069:
1062:
1055:
1048:
1041:
1034:
1027:
1020:
1013:
1006:
999:
992:
985:
978:
971:
964:
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943:
936:
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901:
894:
887:
880:
872:
870:
864:
863:
854:
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837:
829:
822:
821:
788:
782:
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757:|journal=
721:
706:
691:
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664:
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637:
635:
634:
622:
610:
598:
583:
581:, p. 207.
571:
556:
544:
532:
520:
508:
493:
481:
469:
457:
445:
433:
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409:
397:
371:
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311:
310:
309:
302:
296:
283:
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239:Moonda Nghadda
205:
202:
176:
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101:
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55:
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26:
24:
14:
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2497:
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2489:Yurlayurlanya
2486:
2483:
2479:
2476:
2472:
2469:
2465:
2462:
2458:
2453:
2449:
2445:
2441:
2440:Wanggeriburra
2437:
2432:
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2425:
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2250:
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2240:
2236:
2233:
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2226:
2222:
2219:
2215:
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2208:
2205:
2201:
2198:
2194:
2191:
2187:
2184:
2180:
2177:
2173:
2170:
2166:
2163:
2159:
2156:
2152:
2149:
2145:
2142:
2138:
2135:
2131:
2128:
2124:
2121:
2117:
2114:
2110:
2107:
2103:
2100:
2096:
2093:
2089:
2086:
2082:
2079:
2075:
2072:
2068:
2065:
2061:
2058:
2054:
2051:
2047:
2044:
2040:
2037:
2033:
2030:
2026:
2023:
2019:
2016:
2012:
2009:
2005:
2002:
1998:
1995:
1991:
1988:
1984:
1981:
1977:
1974:
1970:
1967:
1963:
1960:
1956:
1953:
1949:
1946:
1942:
1939:
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1926:
1922:
1917:
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1543:
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1518:
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1511:
1508:
1507:Kuku Nyungkal
1504:
1501:
1497:
1494:
1490:
1487:
1483:
1480:
1476:
1473:
1469:
1466:
1462:
1459:
1455:
1452:
1448:
1445:
1441:
1438:
1437:Kokokulunggur
1434:
1431:
1427:
1424:
1420:
1417:
1413:
1410:
1406:
1403:
1399:
1396:
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1224:
1221:
1217:
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1200:
1196:
1193:
1189:
1186:
1182:
1179:
1175:
1172:
1168:
1165:
1161:
1158:
1154:
1151:
1147:
1144:
1143:Goreng goreng
1140:
1137:
1133:
1130:
1126:
1123:
1119:
1116:
1112:
1109:
1105:
1102:
1098:
1095:
1091:
1088:
1084:
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1077:
1074:
1070:
1067:
1063:
1060:
1056:
1053:
1049:
1046:
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1039:
1035:
1032:
1028:
1025:
1021:
1018:
1014:
1011:
1007:
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997:
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990:
986:
983:
979:
976:
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969:
965:
962:
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948:
944:
941:
937:
934:
930:
927:
923:
920:
916:
913:
909:
906:
902:
899:
895:
892:
888:
885:
881:
878:
874:
873:
871:
869:
865:
861:
857:
850:
845:
843:
838:
836:
831:
830:
827:
818:
814:
810:
806:
802:
798:
794:
789:
785:
779:
775:
771:
766:
762:
749:
741:
737:
730:
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718:
717:
712:
707:
703:
696:
692:
688:
682:
678:
677:
671:
667:
661:
657:
653:
649:
644:
643:
638:
631:
626:
623:
619:
618:Atkinson 2002
614:
611:
607:
602:
599:
595:
590:
588:
584:
580:
575:
572:
569:, p. 14.
568:
563:
561:
557:
554:, p. 11.
553:
548:
545:
541:
536:
533:
529:
524:
521:
517:
512:
509:
505:
500:
498:
494:
490:
485:
482:
478:
473:
470:
466:
461:
458:
455:, p. 67.
454:
449:
446:
442:
437:
434:
430:
425:
422:
418:
413:
410:
406:
401:
398:
385:
381:
375:
372:
368:
363:
361:
357:
346:
345:
338:
335:
331:
326:
323:
317:
312:
307:
303:
301:
297:
294:
290:
289:
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279:
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261:
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259:
255:
249:
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215:
211:
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201:
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172:
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166:
160:
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154:
148:
146:
142:
138:
133:
129:
127:
123:
119:
115:
111:
107:
99:
97:
94:
87:
85:
82:
73:
71:
69:
63:
61:
53:
51:
49:
45:
41:
37:
33:
19:
1952:Rungarungawa
1514:Kuku Yalanji
1465:Kokowalandja
1430:Kokobujundji
803:(81): 1–16.
800:
796:
773:
748:cite journal
735:
714:
675:
651:
630:Rowland 2001
625:
613:
601:
574:
567:Rowland 2004
552:Rowland 2004
547:
540:Rowland 2004
535:
528:Rowland 2004
523:
518:, p. 9.
516:Rowland 2004
511:
506:, p. 8.
504:Rowland 2004
491:, p. 7.
489:Rowland 2004
484:
477:Rowland 2004
472:
465:Rowland 2004
460:
453:Rowland 2001
448:
441:Rowland 2004
436:
431:, p. 6.
429:Rowland 2004
424:
419:, p. 5.
417:Rowland 2004
412:
405:Rowland 2004
400:
388:. Retrieved
383:
374:
367:Rowland 2004
348:, retrieved
343:
337:
330:Rowland 2004
325:
285:
284:
264:
257:
256:
253:
242:
233:
225:
222:Alice Miller
209:
207:
194:native title
191:
188:
184:
181:
178:
175:Native title
161:
149:
134:
130:
103:
91:
77:
64:
57:
47:
35:
31:
29:
2414:Yirrganydji
2274:Wulgurukaba
2253:Wongkadjera
2225:Wik-Mungkan
2113:Wakka Wakka
2078:Wadjabangai
1994:Tjongkandji
1913:Quandamooka
1829:Ngulungbara
1780:Ngandangara
1689:Mayi-Kutuna
1661:Mandandanji
1542:Kungkalenja
1451:Kokonyekodi
1423:Kokobididji
1171:Gugu Rarmul
1150:Gubbi Gubbi
975:Birri Gubba
858:peoples in
594:Gately 2015
250:Descendants
122:Walter Roth
2572:Queensland
2482:Yungkurara
2444:Kombumerri
2421:Yir-Yoront
2407:Yirandhali
2393:Yintyingka
2358:Yetimarala
2302:Yadhaykenu
2267:Woppaburra
2260:Wongkumara
2239:Winduwinda
2232:Wiknatanja
1966:Taribelang
1945:Ringaringa
1906:Punthamara
1822:Nguburinji
1794:Ngathokudi
1668:Maranganji
1633:Maithakari
1528:Kungadutji
1248:Julaolinja
1220:Injilarija
1073:Djindubari
947:Barungguan
919:Bakanambia
868:Aboriginal
860:Queensland
390:11 October
384:ABC listen
350:11 October
306:Beddy Rays
265:Boombilwan
126:Taranganba
36:Woppaburra
18:Woppaburra
2516:Kaurareg
2448:Mununjali
2365:Yetteneru
2351:Yalarnnga
2309:Yagalingu
2197:Wikatinda
2190:Wikapatja
2183:Wikampama
2162:Warakamai
2127:Walmbaria
2120:Walangama
2092:Wakabunga
2085:Wadjalang
2029:Umpithamu
1980:Thaayorre
1864:Nyuwathai
1843:Ngurawola
1808:Ngaygungu
1745:Muluridji
1717:Mimungkum
1605:Madjandji
1577:Lama Lama
1563:Kuungkari
1479:Kongabula
1367:Karingbal
1360:Karendala
1318:Kalkadoon
1276:Kabalbara
1255:Jupangati
1185:Gumakudin
1052:Djagaraga
1024:Bwgcolman
1017:Butchulla
1003:Bugulmara
996:Biyaygiri
817:143534888
742:: 79–106.
318:Citations
208:The term
116:, at the
38:, are an
2617:Category
2593:Victoria
2586:Tasmania
2452:Tulgigin
2436:Gugingin
2428:Yugambeh
2295:Wuthathi
2211:Wikianji
2169:Warrongo
2141:Wanamara
2134:Waluwara
2043:Unduyamo
1987:Thereila
1919:Hordes:
1892:Pitapita
1857:Nyawagyi
1836:Ngundjan
1815:Nggamadi
1773:Ngajanji
1696:Mbabaram
1654:Manbarra
1640:Malintji
1626:Maikulan
1612:Maiawali
1535:Kunggara
1521:Kulumali
1472:Kokowara
1458:Kokopera
1444:Kokomini
1416:Kokangol
1409:Koinjmal
1381:Kaurareg
1374:Karuwali
1325:Kambuwal
1311:Kalibamu
1290:Kaiadilt
1283:Kaiabara
1241:Jarowair
1129:Girramay
1059:Djakunda
1038:Darumbal
961:Bigambul
940:Baruŋgam
905:Ayapathu
898:Ayabakan
891:Atjinuri
877:Ankamuti
243:we al-li
210:we al-li
204:We Al-li
145:Emu Park
54:Language
32:Wapabara
2523:Mabuiag
2475:Yukulta
2468:Yuibera
2434:Clans:
2344:Yanggal
2316:Yambina
2288:Wulpura
2218:Wikmean
2155:Wanjuru
2099:Wakaman
2036:Undanbi
2015:Turrbal
1959:Tagalag
1938:Rakkaia
1929:Goenpul
1925:Nunukul
1899:Pontunj
1885:Pakadji
1766:Mutumui
1752:Muragan
1682:Marulta
1675:Marrago
1619:Maijabi
1500:Kukatja
1388:Kawadji
1353:Kareldi
1346:Karanja
1332:Kangulu
1269:Kaantju
1227:Injinoo
1213:Iningai
1178:Gulngai
1108:Geynyon
1080:Dyirbal
1066:Djankun
1010:Buluwai
912:Badjiri
639:Sources
281:Rogers.
228:means "
110:Yeppoon
100:History
2530:Meriam
2461:Yugara
2400:Yinwum
2372:Yidiny
2337:Yangga
2281:Wulili
2204:Wikepa
2148:Wangan
2106:Wakara
2064:Waanyi
2050:Unjadi
2022:Umpila
1973:Tepiti
1871:Olkola
1731:Mitaka
1710:Mbewum
1598:Lotiga
1591:Lardil
1584:Lanima
1556:Kutjal
1339:Kanolu
1304:Kalali
1122:Giabal
1101:Garrwa
1094:Ewamin
968:Bindal
926:Barada
815:
780:
683:
662:
258:Elders
2386:Yiman
2379:Yilba
2330:Yanga
2323:Yanda
2071:Wadja
2008:Tulua
1921:Ngugi
1878:Otati
1850:Nguri
1801:Ngaun
1787:Ngaro
1759:Murri
1738:Miyan
1703:Mbara
1549:Kunja
1486:Kooma
1402:Koamu
1297:Kairi
1136:Goeng
1087:Djiru
1031:Dalla
954:Bidia
933:Barna
884:Araba
813:S2CID
738:(1).
732:(PDF)
698:(PDF)
313:Notes
234:Al-li
2509:Badu
2246:Wiri
2001:Totj
1647:Mamu
1570:Laia
1262:Juru
1234:Ithu
778:ISBN
761:help
681:ISBN
660:ISBN
392:2023
352:2023
230:fire
167:and
30:The
2537:Mua
2176:Wik
1395:Koa
1115:Gia
805:doi
293:QUT
147:.
2619::
2450:,
2446:,
2442:,
2438:,
1927:,
1923:,
811:.
801:28
799:.
795:.
752::
750:}}
746:{{
734:.
713:.
700:.
654:.
586:^
559:^
496:^
382:.
359:^
226:We
200:.
128:.
70:.
50:.
848:e
841:t
834:v
819:.
807::
786:.
763:)
759:(
736:8
719:.
689:.
668:.
608:.
596:.
394:.
308:.
295:.
46:.
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.