Workers' Party (Brazil) - Knowledge (XXG)

4278: 465: 4342:) and is often overturned in elections by left-wing parties with much less weight in national elections. The triumphs in the state were more associated with a strong rejection of PSDB in the state (which is even more weak and rejected despite his national strength) than a support of PT's program. In 2018 presidential elections, PT lost in Rio de Janeiro and São Paulo with similar percentages in both states, with a difference of only 0.02% less percent of valid votes to the party in São Paulo. Despite being a 2486:, it implemented measures such as a progressive tax reform, involving the rich being taxed more highly to fund basic services for the poor, and the development of new institutions of genuine popular participation which gave, according to one study, "real decision-making power to civil society and involving a large number of civil organizations – from neighbourhood groups to non-governmental organisations (NGOs), and from cultural groups to education, health and housing pressure groups – in running the city." 2890:

work of the Catholic Church is considered to have been "fundamental for the PT's achieving a truly national character". One of the co-founders of PT, Hamilton Pereira, wrote that thanks to its Catholic origins, the party "became a party that along the various expressions of Brazil". Lula also stated several times that the Catholic left played a more important role in the PT than trade unions. The Workers' Party was the only party in Brazil able to develop such close relations with the Catholic Church.

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political ambiguities". The move from self-examination did not involve a clean break with the past as in other socialist parties after the end of the Cold War. The process was gradual, full of contradictions and replete with intra-party tension. By 1997, the National Meeting resolution redefined PT's version of socialism as a "democratic revolution", emphasizing a political rather than economic vision of socialism that aimed to make the state "more transparent and socially accountable".

2827: 4668: 63: 4475:− DEM), the greatest ideological rival of PT in national level. PSDB is a strongest party and headed all presidential tickets which PFL/DEM participated since 1994, but the origin of PSDB resembling with the origins PT as a leftist opposition to the dictatorship, and the parties had strong links until PSDB broke with PT and join in a coalition with PFL, a right-wing party with strong fiscal conservative views, associated with the 1426: 2114: 2651: 2399:, enabled the reorganization of the labour movement without the direct interference of the state. The movement originally sought to act exclusively in union politics, but the survival of a conservative unionism under the domination of the state (evidenced in the refoundation of CGT) and the influence exercised over the trade union movement by leaders of traditional left-wing parties, such as the 3559: 3419: 3353: 3267: 3215: 1412: 2823:. For example, the resolution from the party's 8th National Meeting in 1993 reaffirmed PT's "revolutionary and socialist character", condemned the "conspiracy" of the elites to subvert democracy, stated that the party advocated "radical agrarian reform and suspension of the external debt" and concluded that "capitalism and private property cannot provide a future for humanity". 1440: 2377: 4196: 4175: 4144: 4123: 4087: 4066: 4035: 4014: 3983: 3962: 3931: 3910: 3879: 3858: 3827: 3806: 3775: 3754: 3703: 3652: 202: 552: 2874:

organization development of the PT in rural peripheries and rural areas, where the party relied on its Catholic faction to provide structural network. Whereas the party was considered a 'vehicle' for social change, supportive Catholic communities were "gasoline stations". The socialism of PT appealed to the Brazilian Catholic left, who was heavily influenced by

3724: 3673: 2332:(CUT) which carried major strikes from 1978 to 1980; and the old Brazilian left-wing, whose proponents, many of whom were journalists, intellectuals, artists and union organizers, were returning from exile with the 1979 Amnesty law, many of them having endured imprisonment and torture at the hands of the military regime in addition to years of exile. 2302: 2854:

with the socialist program of PT". Thus, while PT had begun to distance itself from its original socialist rhetoric and proposals by 1998, a clearer shift did not occur until after Lula lost again that year and after Lula and his group had more fully digested the impact of Brazil's changing political context and of Cardoso's economic reforms.

2126: 2917:, which became distinguished for its church-coordinated work against hunger and poverty. Liberation theologist Frei Betto also served as Lula's special adviser, and the faction also played a crucial role in the education policy of the party and the 2010 anti-corruption "clean slate" law. Major liberation theology figures such as 2842:'s recently implemented Real Plan as an "electoral swindle". The resolutions from the 1994 National Meeting condemned the "control by the dominant classes over the means of production" and reaffirmed the party's "commitment to socialism". PT's Program of Government that year also committed the party to "anti-monopolist, anti- 3477: 3155: 3095: 3035: 2853:

Lula's third presidential campaign platform in 1998 cut socialist proposals and even the mention of a transition to a socialist society, but the party's self-definition remained highly ambiguous as the resolution from the party's Meeting that year affirmed that Lula's platform "should not be confused

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PT enjoyed strong representation in the cabinets it led for most of the time that it was in office. PT held the majority of cabinet positions in the first two coalitions, with its occupation of ministerial positions comprising 60% in the first coalition, 54.8% in the second coalition and 46.5% in the

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This scandal unfolded around September 2006, just two weeks before general elections. As a result, Berzoini left the coordination of Lula's re-election after allegedly using PT's budget (which is partially state-funded through party allowances) to purchase, from a confessed fraudster, a dossier that

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and four other directors of the housing cooperative. The cooperative received government contracts and had multi-million real revenue. The cooperative was found to have illegally padded the service contracts by 20%, with many of the contracts going unfulfilled. The cooperative eventually folded with

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PT, however, maintained and expanded his stronghold in Northeast Brazil, conquered in Lula first elections in 2002. Since 2002, the only time that a state other than these which did not vote in PT in a presidential election was Alagoas in both rounds of 2002 presidential elections. PT and its allies

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and subsequently ended inflation and provided economic stability. As a result, Cardoso won the election in the first round with 54% of the votes. However, it has been noted that "the elections were not a complete disaster for PT, which significantly increased its presence in the Congress and elected

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party) after Lula was elected president were well received by many in the population, but as a historically more radical party, the PT has experienced a series of internal struggles with members who have refused to embrace the new political positions of the party. These struggles have fueled public

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In the 2014 general elections held on 5 October, the party won 13.9% of the vote and 69 seats in the Chamber of Deputies, down from the 88 seats they gained in 2010. In the first round of the presidential election, Rousseff won 41.6% of the vote but not enough to secure a victory. In the run-off on

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The investigation of a series of crimes, such corruption and money laundering, led to the arrest of the party's treasurer João Vaccari Neto and his sister-in-law. José Genoino, José Dirceu, Delcídio do Amaral, André Vargas and Delúbio Soares were also arrested in the process. Most recently, former

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Thanks to its large grassroots base, the Catholic left allowed PT to expand en masse and influenced the ideology of the party, as the Catholic factions provided meeting places for PT nuclei and engaged in "political consciousness-raising" amongst the rural population. Because of this, the pastoral

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After Lula's 1994 loss, the party began a slow process of self-examination. The resolution adopted at its 10th National Meeting in 1995 stated that "our 1994 defeat invites a cruel reflection about our image in society, about the external impact of our internal battles, about our ideological and

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In the 2010 general elections held on 3 October, PT gained control of 17.15% of the seats in the Chamber of Deputies, a record for the party since 2002. With 88 seats gained, it became the largest party in the lower chamber for the first time ever. PT also became the second largest party in the

2846:, and anti-imperialist change as part of a long-term strategy to construct an alternative to capitalism", statements that "sent shivers down the spine of the international financial community". Thus, as of 1995 "little or nothing" had changed in PT's official ideology since the early 1990s. 2873:

The party has a strong left-wing Catholic faction, and the Catholic left is considered the leading force behind the creation of the party, together with the Marxist left and 'new unionism'. Catholic grassroots communities known as CEBs became widespread in Brazil and became the backbone of

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from 1990 to 2018. However, the Acre section of the party is far more independent and moderate than the rest of the party and PT had only won the presidential election in the state twice in 2002 and 2006. PT also lost the governorship of Acre in 2018 to a candidate from right-wing

4398:, the only states in the region which borders Brazilian Northeast and much of their culture is near from Northwest than the rest of Amazon. In Amazonas, the largest Brazilian states, PT lost in 2018 for the first time since 1998; PT lost in the capital of the state, 2682:

in the first round. However, she was not able to receive the necessary number of valid votes (over 50%) and a second round in which she scored 56% of the votes took place on 31 October 2010. On 1 January 2011, she was inaugurated and thus became the first female

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which concentrates more than the half of the population of the state; in the large, sparsely inhabited interior of the Amazonian state, PT win by a large margin but insufficient to guarantee the fifth triumph of the party in the state on presidential election.

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centre-left and social democratic in its ideology. Lula won the 2002 election in a landslide. However, some of the more left-wing factions of the party were critical of this turn toward the center and later left to form new left-wing parties like the

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Julien Figeac; Nathalie Paton; Angelina Peralva; Arthur Coelho Bezerra; Guillaume Cabanac; Héloïse Prévost; Pierre Ratinaud; Tristan Salord (2021). "Brazilian left-wing activists on Facebook: the role of cultural events in political participation".

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had voted in the Workers Party presidential candidates in all new republic elections except 1994, the party shows strong difficulties to make representatives in federal, state and municipal levels. The party never elected a mayor in the

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According to a poll conducted by IBOPE on 31 October 2010, during the second round voting PT's candidate Dilma Rousseff had an overwhelming majority of votes among the poorest Brazilians. Her lead was of 26% among those who earned a

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gained control of 311 seats in the lower house and 50 seats in the upper house, a broad majority in both houses which the Lula administration never had. This election also saw the decrease in the number of seats controlled by the

4483:, the strongest leadership of PFL and a fierce foe of PT. Bahia is now the main stronghold of PT, the most reliable state for the Petismo and is considered a governance model to the party. Despite this, the state's capital 2861:, Lula committed himself and his party to the reform of taxes and pensions, and to promoting economic growth. He also accepted some of the liberal reforms from the Cardoso government, meaning that the party program was now 5964: 2921:

became supporters of the party. The PT's close relationship with Brazil's progressive Catholic Church continues to influence the rherotic of the party, with its politicians referring concepts from liberation theology.

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since Lula first came to power and saw its popular support plummet between 2015 and 2020, with presidential approval ratings falling from over 80% to 9% and successive reductions in all elected offices since 2014. The

6227: 4390:, which had a large population of evangelicals and south/southeastern migrants, also show reservations about the party. The electoral stronghold was also lost in 2018 elections; PT only triumphed in the states of 2631:

PT was now the second largest party in the Chamber of Deputies, the fourth largest party in the Federal Senate and has five state governorships. However, it only gained control of one among the ten richest states

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The party is often accused of exploiting the North–South divide in Brazil to gain votes in the northeast. The party denies the claims and accuses the opposition to do the same in the South and Southeast.

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debates, the worst of which had its climax in December 2003, when four dissident legislators were expelled from the party for voting against Social Insurance Reform. Among these members were congressman

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In Brazil, as Simone Bohn makes straightforward (Chap. 3), the progressive Workers' Party (Partido dos Trabalhadores, PT) governments did not threaten the power of the national elite or landlord class;

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The Workers' Party was launched by a heterogeneous group made up of militants opposed to Brazil's military government, trade unionists, left-wing intellectuals and artists and Catholics linked to the

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was able to make big gains in north and northeast regions of Brazil even in times which the party was in crisis, like in the last mayoral elections. PT's most loyal party PCdoB and former allies

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Although PT deliberately never identified itself with a particular brand of leftism, it nevertheless "always defined itself as socialist" and espoused many radical positions. For example, at the

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from 1994 to 2014, with their candidates finishing either first or second on the ballot in each presidential election in that period. The Worker's Party won five presidential elections since the

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from 2002 to 2014 (these are two of the three largest states by number of voters and together they comprise 18.5% of voters). The party also maintains a stronghold in the southernmost state of

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After the detrition of PSDB's image and as a result of an economic crisis that burst in the final years of Cardoso's government, Lula won the 2002 presidential election in the second round.

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as it has won elections there only once in 2002 (both rounds). The historical PT rejection in São Paulo was more widespread in interior than the capital as PT won the 1988, 2000 and 2012

5879: 6610:"The Dirty Problems With Operation Car Wash: News reports have pointed to serious wrongdoing at the heart of the anti-corruption inquiry that has shaken many Latin American countries" 7818: 2340:

PT was born by historical need. PT is not an accident. The future of Brazil goes through a party with the same program as PT, under any name whatsoever, under any leader whomsoever.

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Over the next few years, the party moderated a bit, but it never clearly shed its radicalism and undertook no major reforms of party principles even after Lula's defeat in the

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Leading up to the 1994 general elections, Lula was the leading presidential candidate in the majority of polls. As a result, centrist and right-wing parties openly united for

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and her lead was of only 4% on both demographic groups. Even though she was the first female candidate in a major party, her votes amongst men was wider than amongst women.

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or less per month. Rousseff also had the majority of votes among Catholics (58%), blacks (65%) and mixed-race Brazilians (60%). Amongst whites and Protestants, she was

2816:. In addition, as a form of protest and as a signal that the party did not fully accept the "rules of the game" PT's delegates refused to sign the draft constitution. 4447:; and PDT was able to triumph in three capitals of the northeastern. Despite losing all capitals in northwest, PT had the governorships of three northwestern states, 5992: 2901:

wrote that the party is closely linked to liberation theology, and its liberation Catholic faction was an important contribution towards the party's victory in the

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would be used to attack political adversaries. On 25 April 2007, the Supreme Electoral Tribunal unanimously cleared Lula of any responsibility for this scandal.

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that states that PT "is no longer an instrument of social transformation, but only an instrument of the status quo", continuing with references to the

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Since 1988, the Workers' Party has grown in popularity on the national stage by winning the elections in many of the largest Brazilian cities, such as

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state, many regions of Minas Gerais, especially in the north region of the state, had strong economic, cultural and socially ties with the Northeast.

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During Lula's fourth presidential run in 2002, the transition away from overt left-wing policies was fully cemented, and in a document known as the

4927:. Marxist Left released a statement saying that "for the revolutionaries, there is no more room for the construction of socialist ideas within PT". 5924: 1297: 38: 6609: 5424: 2232:, also a member of PT, was elected twice (first on 31 October 2010, and then again on 26 October 2014) but did not finish her second term due to 7803: 7767: 7747: 7587: 7511: 7362: 7254: 5317: 3373: 2091: 1464: 1302: 2909:

served as president of the National Council for Food Security, and later became a political advisor of Lula. The PT mayor and Catholic lawyer

593: 7727: 7692: 6693: 6257: 6084: 5675: 5571: 4924: 4301:. Despite this, the party lost its support even in the region and has not won any electoral zone in the capital in 2016 municipal elections. 2805: 2310: 1999: 1360: 2373:' dictatorship, unions had become quasi-state entities, was dissolved while unions themselves suffered intervention of the military regime. 2263: 7722: 7572: 7180: 5372: 3455: 3429: 3393: 3277: 2987: 2820: 2538: 1665: 6106: 5942: 4277: 7798: 5699: 4555:− PSOL) in June 2004 and ran for president in 2006, becoming at the time the woman who had garnered the most votes in Brazilian history. 7557: 7203: 6909: 4917:

Tendency for the Workers' Revolutionary Party (TPOR) – Trotskyist faction that seceded in 1990 as the Workers' Revolutionary Party (POR)

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PT had a strong electoral stronghold in North Brazil and in the Amazonian region; The party triumphed in every state governorship in

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in 2002, which her party had broken some years early, and was massive defeated in the same year's election by the Garotinho's wife

2905:. The liberation theology faction of the party is also regularly included in the party's cabinet appointment. Liberationist bishop 2588:

for the first time two state governors". Cardoso would once again beat Lula in a rematch and re-elected for a second term in 1998.

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overturned all the convictions. This came after leaks which suggested that Judge Sérgio Moro had conspired with the prosecution.

4648:, former mayor of Porto Alegre. A small minority of party members defected as a result of the crisis. Most of them went to PSOL. 4623: 4420: 3385: 3311: 3121: 3114: 2655: 2494: 2447: 2355: 2255: 2244: 1355: 1262: 7737: 7657: 7156: 6152: 5860: 4476: 4322: 4155: 4103: 4046: 3942: 3890: 3838: 3786: 3487: 3363: 3319: 3225: 3165: 3105: 3045: 2902: 2751: 2667: 2645: 2611: 2597: 2570: 2566: 2275: 2251: 2237: 2213: 2666:

Federal Senate for the first time after electing of 11 senators, making a total of 14 senators for the 2010–2014 legislature.

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as it shrank from 133 to 111 deputies. The left-wing opposition, formed by PSOL, retained control of three seats.

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Os católicos oPTaram?: os "setores católicos" e o Partido dos Trabalhadores (PT) na grande São Paulo (1978-1982)

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Os católicos oPTaram?: os "setores católicos" e o Partido dos Trabalhadores (PT) na grande São Paulo (1978-1982)

4427:− PDT) made huge gains in region together with PT in the Lula−Rousseff era. PCdoB is now the strongest party in 7762: 7707: 7632: 7627: 7302: 6046:"From Socialism to Social Democracy: Party Organization and The Transformation of the Workers' Party in Brazil" 5495:

Origem, Projeto e Consolidação do Partido dos Trabalhadores (in Brazilian Portuguese). São Paulo, Cortez, 1989.

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PPS), a dissidence of PCB, they have been said to form the centre-right opposition to the Lula administration.

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for the first time. With the highest approval rating in the history of the country at one time, President

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This winning streak culminated with the victory of its presidential candidate Lula in 2002 who succeeded

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that is currently the country's ruling party. Some scholars classify its ideology in the 21st century as

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In another move, 112 members of the radical wing of the party announced they were abandoning PT in the

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Flynn, Peter (2005). "Brazil and Lula, 2005: crisis, corruption and change in political perspective".

2826: 7404: 7308: 7260: 6485: 5452:"Apesar de resistência do PT, Lula quer participação de Meirelles em eventual governo, dizem aliados" 5080: 5035: 4591: 4339: 4298: 4290: 4251: 3513: 3389: 3323: 3241: 3234: 3069: 2351: 2209: 2186: 2081: 2047: 1851: 1836: 1758: 1753: 1583: 1540: 1515: 1312: 962: 872: 688: 635: 568: 323: 276: 243: 91: 6855: 1102: 7752: 7527: 7326: 6623: 5030: 4800: 4636: 4619: 4613: 4595:

a deficit of over R$ 100 million, requiring liquidation of assets to minimize the loss by members.

4383: 2998: 2894: 2875: 2779: 2700: 2625: 2553: 2502: 2408: 2317: 2286: 2174: 2059: 1768: 1711: 1694: 1630: 1610: 1578: 1032: 967: 834: 725: 640: 598: 503: 444: 416: 258: 4334:, the sole governor of the state from the party, took over because the resignation of the titular 2293:(TSE) identification number is 13. Members and sympathisers of the party are known as "Petistas". 2208:

and marginal far-left faction to this day. Founded in 1980, PT governed at the federal level in a

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26 October, Rousseff was re-elected with a narrow victory with 51.6% of the vote against Senator

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Tavares, José Antônio Giusti with Fernando Schüller, Ronaldo Moreira Brum and Valério Rohden.

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Jair Bolsonaro: Brazil's far-right president-elect accused of campaign funding irregularities

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PT: a lógica da diferença: o Partido dos Trabalhadores na construção da democracia brasileira

4459:. The governorship of Bahia, conquered in 2006, is symbolical. The party was a stronghold of 7410: 7278: 6995: 6985: 6594: 6450:

The new politics of inequality in Latin America: rethinking participation and representation

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The changes in the political orientation of PT (from a left-wing socialist to a centre-left

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with a white star also with the initials in the center; and the Workers Party's anthem. Its

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regions of Brazil. Nevertheless, the party has always won every presidential election in

4209: 3230: 3170: 2886:, declared in 1986: "A real Christian is a communist, and a real communist a Christian." 1087: 6901: 6272: 6228:"author:"Boas" intitle:"Television and Neopopulism in Latin America" – Google Acadêmico" 4795:) within PT, ranging from Articulação, the centre-left group that Lula is a part of, to 4681:

Please help update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information.

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such as the Conferência das Classes Trabalhadoras (Conclat), later developed into the

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Most of the Workers' Party votes in presidential elections since 2006 stems from the

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Introduction to Latin America Twenty-First Century Challenges by Peadar Kirby, P.151

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Voters chose between the conservative Jair Bolsonaro and the liberal Lula da Silva.

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Radicals in Power: The Workers' Party and Experiments in Urban Democracy in Brazil

6517: 5603: 4294: 2897:, considered an important factor in the creation of the party. Peter Flynn in the 2455: 2321: 2113: 147: 2624:. Lula was re-elected with more than 60% of the votes, extending his position as 2418:

on 11 February 1982. The first membership card belonged to art critic and former

6980: 6569:"Brazil Workers' Party treasurer arrested in Petrobras corruption investigation" 5114: 4739: 4645: 4428: 2843: 2813: 2797: 2731: 2098: 1989: 1796: 1535: 1207: 1162: 1147: 1112: 1092: 1027: 1007: 977: 839: 735: 153: 6416:

The Paradox of Adversity: New Left Party Survival and Collapse in Latin America

5790: 5523:

The Paradox of Adversity: New Left Party Survival and Collapse in Latin America

5218: 4811:

Considered the right-wing of the party, i.e. going from centre to centre-left.

7172: 6019: 5641: 5460: 5139: 5045: 4921: 4444: 4440: 4314: 2883: 2580: 2548: 2471: 2419: 2392: 2325: 2076: 1921: 1510: 1217: 972: 844: 792: 720: 715: 174: 30:"Partido dos Trabalhadores" redirects here. For the Bissau-Guinean party, see 5798: 5685: 5649: 5611: 5244: 5236: 4836: 4266:

from 1989 to 2010 (with the exception in 1998 when Cardoso won there) and in

2838:

In 1994, Lula ran for the presidency again and during his campaign dismissed

2742:, which means that PT would participate in 13 out of 27 state governorships. 7314: 5486:

A estrela não é mais vermelha: as mudanças do programa petista nos anos 1990

4985: 4567: 4395: 3065: 2522: 2459: 2391:

The resurgence of an organized labour movement, evidenced by strikes in the

2361:, Brazil's main federation of labor unions, the General Command of Workers ( 2212:

with several other parties from 1 January 2003 to 31 August 2016. After the

2201: 1640: 1550: 1390: 1378: 1202: 897: 780: 770: 700: 678: 4274:, where it has won continuously since the second round of 1989 until 2002. 2376: 6205: 5563: 5509:(in Brazilian Portuguese). Revista Novos Estudos CEBRAP, n. 85, nov. 2009. 2812:, nationalization of the country's banks and mineral wealth and a radical 2710:

In the 2010 elections, PT retained control of the governorships of Bahia,

1411: 7677: 6832: 6828: 6824: 6820: 5817: 5178: 4456: 4448: 4387: 4351: 2735: 2723: 2282: 2019: 1936: 1655: 588: 228: 5319:

Dominant Elites in Latin America: From Neo-Liberalism to the 'Pink Tide'

1439: 4796: 4699:

President Lula was arrested in April 2018. However, in March 2021, the

4436: 4432: 4391: 4375: 4358:

PT never gets an elected governor in the Center-south until 2014, when

2719: 2711: 1763: 1530: 849: 608: 313: 5754:

Convocação: Dia Nacional de Mobilização Dilma Presidente 27 DE OUTUBRO

4350:, a symbol of the Northeast, has its source in a small city of Minas, 2301: 7135: 4399: 2193: 1994: 233: 5670:. Uppsala: Uppsala Centre for Sustainable Development. p. 125. 5354:[PT's proposal is "populist" and "stupid", says Dornbusch]. 6293: 4452: 4281:

PT supporters in the 2018 election. The banner in the front says "

2825: 2783: 2649: 2633: 2543:

In the 1989 general elections, Lula went to the second round with

2375: 2300: 342: 5943:"As cinco piores taxas de popularidade dos presidentes do Brasil" 4354:. With the exception of Rio Grande do Sul, Distrito Federal, and 6853:

Tribunal Superior Eleitoral (Brazilian Electoral Superior Court)

6677:

Lula, the Workers' Party and the Governability Dilemma in Brazil

6448:; Martin, Scott B.; Piester, Kerianne; Segarra, Monique (1997). 4910:

Popular Socialist Action (APS) – seceded in 2005 and joined the

3572:

Election Resources: Federal Elections in Brazil – Results Lookup

2705:

Queen of the United Kingdom of Portugal, Brazil and the Algarves

2678:

The party was also expected to elect its presidential candidate

2266:, and came in second in every other election held in that time. 7176: 6905: 6837:"Partido dos Trabalhadores: bibliografia comentada (1978–2002)" 4896:

Workers' Socialist Current (CST) – seceded in 2004 to form the

2834:, one of the main social movements linked to the Worker's Party 2557:) and Lula lost in the second round by a close margin of 5.7%. 6276: 6150:

Political parties registered under the Supreme Electoral Court

5556:

Religion and Brazilian Democracy: Mobilizing the People of God

4661: 336: 6686:

The Transformation of the Workers' Party in Brazil, 1989–2009

6369:

The Transformation of the Workers' Party in Brazil, 1989–2009

5668:

Faith in Civil Society: Religious Actors as Drivers of Change

5288:"Guidelines for soy don't protect tropical forests in Brazil" 4711:

Since its inception the party has been led by the following:

4903:

Socialist Left Movement (MES) – seceded in 2004 to form the

4872:

Workers' Cause (CO) – seceded from the party in 1990 as the

4297:

mayoral election and was a major force in his homeland, the

2369:

since its formation, a practice tied to the fact that since

6868:

Partido dos Trabalhadores (Workers' Party) official webpage

5838:(in Brazilian Portuguese). January 20, 2016. Archived from 5834:["Dilma is much more leftist than me", says Lula]. 5458:

to participate in an eventual government, say allies].

5153: 2407:, PCB), forced the unionist movement of ABC, encouraged by 5352:"Proposta do PT é "populista' e "estúpida", diz Dornbusch" 2882:

complemented one another. One of pro-PT Catholic priests,

2579:'s candidacy. As Minister of Economy, Cardoso created the 2505:, PSDB is the party's main electoral rival as well as the 2236:. The party came back to power with Lula's victory in the 6852: 5832:""Dilma é muito mais de esquerda do que eu", afirma Lula" 2336:

herself was imprisoned and tortured by the dictatorship.

6867: 6839:(PDF). São Paulo: Editora Fundação Perseu Abramo. 413 p. 6734:

As Transformações do PT e os Rumos da Esquerda no Brasil

5898:"PT elege maior bancada na Câmara e a segunda do Senado" 5869:. Published 1 November 2018. Retrieved 22 November 2018. 6499:"Lula's purge: The Workers' Party sheds its dissenters" 6085:"Para que não se esqueça, para que nunca mais aconteça" 5925:"Lula's Chosen Heir Surges in Brazil Presidential Poll" 4644:

resigned as president of the party and was replaced by

6624:"Esquerda Marxista (Marxist Left) decides to leave PT" 5590:

Knoll, Travis (2019). "Seeking Liberation in Brazil".

4807:

Tendencies integrating the Building a New Brazil field

4313:. PT is also strongly rejected in other states of the 6107:"Leader's Torture in the '70s Stirs Ghosts in Brazil" 5813:"Dilma Rousseff and Brazil face up to decisive month" 5450:

Uribe, Gustavo; Herédia, Thais (September 21, 2016).

2422:

activist Mário Pedrosa, followed by literary scholar

5488:(in Brazilian Portuguese). São Paulo, Garçoni, 2003. 4826:

Tendencies categorized as the left-wing of the party

2722:. Candidates supported by the party won the race in 2258:(PSDB) were the biggest adversaries in contemporary 2204:

ideology in the 1990s, although the party retains a

7520: 7494: 7438: 7348: 7210: 7149: 7128: 7102: 7019: 6940: 478: 471: 457: 443: 429: 415: 401: 387: 373: 359: 348: 329: 319: 305: 295: 267: 209: 193: 183: 173: 163: 140: 125: 107: 97: 87: 77: 69: 48: 6595:"Brazil judge annuls ex-leader Lula's convictions" 6452:. New York: Oxford University Press. p. 431. 6186:. São Paulo: Editora Publisher, May 2009. Page 20. 5502:(in Brazilian Portuguese). São Paulo, Ática, 1991. 5398:[Social and ideological roots of Lulism]. 4439:; PSB is now the strongest party in the states of 2285:inscribed with the initials "PT" in the center; a 518: A broad left-wing faction, it includes some 7673:Party of the Reconstruction of the National Order 5763:, Secretaria de cultura do PT-DF, 22 October 2010 5371:Cattan, Nacha; Biller, David (October 31, 2017). 2430:. Holanda's daughter Ana de Holanda later became 7110:2009 Workers' Party (Brazil) leadership election 6885:Numbers of Brazilian Official Political Parties 6705:The Workers' Party and Democratization in Brazil 6482:Entre mais pobres, Dilma teve 26 pontos de folga 5267:"Is Social Democracy Possible in Latin America?" 4920:Marxist Left (EM), the Brazilian section of the 4378:, which the impact of the controversy about the 2414:PT was officially recognized as a party by the 2365:– CGT), which gathered leaders approved by the 2338: 5316:Liisa L. North, Timothy D. Clark, ed. (2017). 5212: 5210: 4618:In July 2005, members of the party suffered a 7819:Democratic socialist parties in South America 7188: 6917: 6252:. London: Latin America Bureau. p. 120. 5373:"These Elections Could Reshape Latin America" 2474:as well as in some important states, such as 2150: 1465: 8: 6206:"Brazil – The Presidential Election of 1989" 5999:(in Brazilian Portuguese). November 30, 2020 2913:became famous through his administration in 5861:The demise of Brazil's great centrist party 4754:(6 October 2006 – 2 January 2007) (interim) 2616:On 29 October 2006, PT won 83 seats in the 2278:marked a turning point in that trajectory. 7663:Party of the Christian Democracy of Brazil 7195: 7181: 7173: 7115:Fernando Haddad 2018 presidential campaign 6924: 6910: 6902: 6872: 6666:Branford, Sue; Kucinski, Bernardo (2005). 5973:(in Brazilian Portuguese). October 8, 2018 4566:on 30 January 2005. They also published a 4495:and grandson of Antonio Carlos Magalhães. 2157: 2143: 1483: 1472: 1458: 530: 61: 45: 6248:Branford, Sue; Bernardo Kucinski (1995). 5779:Brasiliana: Journal for Brazilian Studies 5771: 5769: 5558:. Cambridge University Press. p. 8. 5454:[Despite PT's resistance, Lula wants 5407: 5396:"Raízes sociais e ideológicas do lulismo" 4431:state and was able to elect the mayor of 2499:Partido da Social Democracia Brasileira – 2200:, with the party shifting from a broadly 7638:Movement for the Unity of the Communists 7120:Lula da Silva 2022 presidential campaign 6444:Chalmers, Douglas A.; Vilas, Carlos M.; 6173:"Onde estão os intelectuais brasileiros" 6137:. 24 April 2006. Fundação Perseu Abramo. 5749: 5747: 5745: 5743: 5741: 5739: 5737: 5661: 5659: 5623: 5621: 5585: 5583: 5549: 5547: 5402:(in Brazilian Portuguese) (85): 83–102. 4276: 3584: 3581:Chamber of Deputies and Senate elections 2934: 2441: 6477: 6475: 6473: 6471: 6469: 6418:. Harvard University. pp. 111–114. 6332:Horowitz, Irving Louis (July 1, 1981). 6135:"Manifesto aprovado na reunião do Sion" 6020:"Hino do PT - Workers' Party of Brazil" 5735: 5733: 5731: 5729: 5727: 5725: 5723: 5721: 5719: 5717: 5525:. Harvard University. pp. 112–113. 5507:Raizes sociais e ideológicas do lulismo 5131: 4815:Articulation - Unity on Struggle (AUNL) 4227: 2320:on 10 February 1980 at Colégio Sion in 1495: 1298:International Trade Union Confederation 542: 6409: 6407: 6060: 6058: 6026:from the original on November 17, 2021 4578:and other economic and social issues. 4362:was elected governor of Minas Gerais. 2806:Brazilian Constituent Assembly of 1988 2243:Both born among the opposition to the 1303:International Union of Socialist Youth 7809:Political parties established in 1980 6668:Lula and the Workers' Party in Brazil 5426:Democratic Socialism: A Global Survey 2808:it advocated repudiation of Brazil's 2281:The party symbols are a five-pointed 2216:, PT became the largest party in the 7: 7814:Centre-left parties in South America 7723:Republican Party of the Social Order 6762:PT – Comunismo ou Social-Democracia? 6545:. September 29, 2007. Archived from 6366:Hunter, Wendy (September 13, 2010). 4718:(10 February 1980 – 24 January 1994) 2654:PT as a black cat chasing a toucan ( 2539:1989 Brazilian presidential election 2411:leaders, to organize its own party. 7829:Social democratic parties in Brazil 7768:Socialist Republican Party of Ceará 7588:Evolutionist Liberal Party of Ceará 6817:Carlos Henrique Metidieri Menegozzo 6790:Totalitarismo tardio – o caso do PT 6518:"Lula cleared of electoral scandal" 6429:Machado, Adriano Henriques (2010). 6292:. September 9, 2019. Archived from 6072:"Saiba mais sobre a história do PT" 6018:LuizPuodzius (September 18, 2011). 5536:Machado, Adriano Henriques (2010). 4760:(2 January 2007 – 19 February 2010) 4530:2003–2007 internal crisis and split 2311:1988 Brazilian Constituent Assembly 1328:Network of Social Democracy in Asia 7728:Retirees' National Party of Brazil 6608:Vincent Begins (August 21, 2019). 6575:. Associated Press. April 16, 2015 4940:, from the Portuguese acronym PT. 4889:(CS) – seceded in 1993 as part of 4766:(19 February 2010 – 29 April 2011) 4620:sequence of corruption accusations 4289:Most of PT's rejection comes from 2380:Workers' Party regional branch in 25: 6657:Baiocchi, Gianpaolo, ed. (2003). 6414:van Dyck, Brandon Philip (2014). 6273:"Brazil re-elects President Lula" 6250:Brazil: Carnival of the Oppressed 5878:Khan, Shehab (14 November 2018). 5666:Heidi Moksnes; Mia Melin (2013). 5521:van Dyck, Brandon Philip (2014). 5199:[Membership Statistics]. 2416:Brazilian Supreme Electoral Court 2269:The party has been involved in a 594:Internationalist–defencist schism 7423:Brazilian Social Democracy Party 7285:Brazilian Social Democracy Party 6675:Bruera, Hernán F. Gómez (2013). 5811:Gallas, Daniel (29 March 2016). 5154:"Página inicial - com gutenberg" 4891:Unified Workers' Socialist Party 4666: 4628:Partido Trabalhista Brasileiro – 4195: 4194: 4174: 4173: 4143: 4142: 4122: 4121: 4086: 4085: 4065: 4064: 4034: 4033: 4013: 4012: 3982: 3981: 3961: 3960: 3930: 3929: 3909: 3908: 3878: 3877: 3857: 3856: 3826: 3825: 3805: 3804: 3774: 3773: 3753: 3752: 3722: 3702: 3701: 3671: 3651: 3650: 3557: 3475: 3417: 3351: 3265: 3213: 3153: 3093: 3033: 2517:ARENA), ruling party during the 2495:Brazilian Social Democracy Party 2256:Brazilian Social Democracy Party 2228:was PT's most prominent member. 2124: 2112: 1438: 1424: 1410: 550: 463: 201: 200: 7658:Party of Popular Representation 7481:United Socialist Workers' Party 7157:With the Strength of the People 6783:Crônicas contra o totalitarismo 6750:. São Paulo: Casa das Américas. 5409:10.1590/S0101-33002009000300004 4541:João Batista Oliveira de Araujo 4425:Partido Democrático Trabalhista 4218:Rio de Janeiro State University 2903:2002 Brazilian general election 2790:Central Única dos Trabalhadores 2752:2014 Brazilian general election 2646:2010 Brazilian general election 2612:2006 Brazilian general election 2598:2002 Brazilian general election 2571:1998 Brazilian general election 2567:1994 Brazilian general election 2561:1994 and 1998 general elections 2446:Presidential elections against 2363:Comando Geral dos Trabalhadores 2330:Central Única dos Trabalhadores 631:Reformist–revolutionary dispute 7748:Social Democratic Party (1987) 7743:Social Democratic Party (1945) 7733:Rio-grandense Republican Party 7668:Party of the Nation's Retirees 7456:Brazilian Labour Renewal Party 6767:Paula Couto, Adolpho João de. 6688:. Cambridge University Press. 6516:Duffy, Gary (April 25, 2007). 6372:. Cambridge University Press. 6159:. Tribunal Superior Eleitoral. 4925:International Marxist Tendency 4553:Partido Socialismo e Liberdade 3723: 3672: 2878:and believed that Marxism and 2859:Letter to the Brazilian People 2482:. During the time it governed 32:Workers' Party (Guinea-Bissau) 1: 7804:1980 establishments in Brazil 7568:Conservative Republican Party 7548:Brazilian Labour Party (1981) 7543:Brazilian Labour Party (1945) 7512:Revolutionary Communist Party 7375:Brazilian Democratic Movement 7249:Brazilian Democratic Movement 6050:Comparative Political Studies 5888:. Retrieved 22 November 2018. 5604:10.1080/10714839.2019.1650483 5224:Comparative Political Studies 4772:(29 April 2011 – 3 June 2017) 4622:, started by a deputy of the 4417:Partido Socialista Brasileiro 2893:The PT is also influenced by 2515:Aliança Renovadora Nacional – 2271:number of corruption scandals 893:Socialism of the 21st century 249:Socialism of the 21st century 7703:Proletarian Liberation Party 7693:Progressive Republican Party 7613:Humanist Party of Solidarity 7538:Brazilian Integralist Action 6778:. São Paulo: CHED Editorial. 6433:(in Portuguese). p. 89. 6335:Policy Studies Review Annual 6171:OGASSAWARA, Juliana Sayuri. 5592:NACLA Report on the Americas 5540:(in Portuguese). p. 60. 4859:Popular Socialist Left (EPS) 4543:(known as Babá) and senator 4479:in 1993 and the homeland of 4330:, never elected a governor ( 2673:centre-right opposition bloc 2527:Partido Popular Socialista – 2405:Partido Comunista Brasileiro 2264:country reinstated democracy 1308:Party of European Socialists 761:Negative and positive rights 7598:Fluminense Republican Party 7495:Unregistered active parties 7291:Socialism and Liberty Party 7204:Political parties in Brazil 6829:Patrícia Rodrigues da Silva 6725:Dacanal, José Hildebrando. 5636:(8). Routledge: 1221–1267. 4912:Socialism and Liberty Party 4905:Socialism and Liberty Party 4898:Socialism and Liberty Party 4844:Left-wing Articulation (AE) 4576:International Monetary Fund 4549:Socialism and Liberty Party 2868:Socialism and Liberty Party 2821:1989 presidential elections 2794:national trade union center 2699:since the death in 1816 of 2551:as seen on the documentary 2533:1989 presidential elections 2214:2002 parliamentary election 7845: 7558:Christian Democratic Party 6746:Harnecker, Martha (1994). 6703:Keck, Margaret E. (1995). 6338:. Transaction Publishers. 6155:November 29, 2010, at the 5791:10.25160/bjbs.v10i1.125719 5360:(in Brazilian Portuguese). 5197:"Estatísticas de filiação" 5185:(in Brazilian Portuguese). 5142:(in Brazilian Portuguese). 4655: 4611: 4525:List of scandals in Brazil 4522: 4234:Votes obtained as part of 4206: 2832:Landless Workers' Movement 2777: 2749: 2643: 2609: 2595: 2564: 2536: 2501:PSDB). For its defense of 2345:Claudio Solano, journalist 2238:2022 presidential election 129:11 February 1982 36: 29: 7773:Syndicalist Popular Party 7683:Paulista Republican Party 7648:National Renewal Alliance 7643:National Democratic Union 7553:Catholic Electoral League 7451:Brazilian Communist Party 7399:Brazilian Socialist Party 7297:Communist Party of Brazil 7273:Brazilian Socialist Party 6890: 6883: 6875: 6858:November 5, 2010, at the 6389:– via Google Books. 6355:– via Google Books. 5952:(in Brazilian Portuguese) 5912:(in Brazilian Portuguese) 5821:. Retrieved 20 July 2017. 5642:10.1080/01436590500400025 5554:Smith, Amy Erica (2019). 5491:Gadotti, M.; Pereira, O. 5464:(in Brazilian Portuguese) 5423:Busky, Donald F. (2000). 5110:Sérgio Buarque de Holanda 5056:Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva 4936:Its members are known as 4862:Socialist Resistance (RS) 4716:Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva 4675:This section needs to be 4586:This scandal, called the 4477:Brazilian military regime 4465:Partido da Frente Liberal 4413:Brazilian Socialist Party 4084: 4077: 4074: 4071: 4063: 4056: 4053: 4050: 4045: 3600: 3595: 3590: 3587: 3568: 3493:Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva 3287: 3281: 2993:Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva 2991: 2957: 2954: 2951: 2948: 2943: 2940: 2937: 2840:Fernando Henrique Cardoso 2792:(CUT) — Brazil's largest 2577:Fernando Henrique Cardoso 2511:National Renewal Alliance 2491:Fernando Henrique Cardoso 2478:, Espírito Santo and the 2434:in the Rousseff cabinet. 2428:Sérgio Buarque de Holanda 2401:Brazilian Communist Party 2397:Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva 2395:on the late 1970s led by 2226:Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva 2179:Partido dos Trabalhadores 1323:Young European Socialists 489: 476: 462: 320:International affiliation 102:Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva 60: 54:Partido dos Trabalhadores 27:Political party in Brazil 7763:Social Progressive Party 7708:Reform Progressive Party 7633:Mineiro Republican Party 7593:Federal Republican Party 7439:Other registered parties 7321:Democratic Renewal Party 6769:A face oculta da estrela 6707:. Yale University Press. 5429:. Greenwood Publishing. 5237:10.1177/0010414004268856 4572:Manifesto of the Rupture 4481:Antônio Carlos Magalhães 4360:Fernando Damata Pimentel 2583:, which established the 2545:Fernando Collor de Mello 2350:PT was launched under a 2309:, makes a speech at the 2291:Superior Electoral Court 711:Environmental protection 53: 37:Not to be confused with 7799:Workers' Party (Brazil) 7578:Democratic Social Party 7461:Brazilian Woman's Party 7417:Democratic Labour Party 7363:Social Democratic Party 7267:Democratic Labour Party 7255:Social Democratic Party 7103:Elections and Campagins 7020:Presidential candidates 6933:Workers' Party (Brazil) 6774:Pedrosa, Mário (1980). 6739:Godoy, Dagoberto Lima. 6401:. Retrieved 2020-12-04. 6316:"Brookings Institution" 5484:Amaral, Oswaldo E. do. 5217:Samuels, David (2004). 4787:There are about thirty 4421:Democratic Labour Party 4262:from 1998 to 2014, the 4098:Opposition (2016–2018) 2523:Popular Socialist Party 2234:her impeachment in 2016 2220:and the largest in the 1749:Sustainable development 1673:Progressive nationalism 1318:Socialist International 788:Revolutionary socialism 269:Political position 7778:Workers' General Party 7738:Social Christian Party 7713:Renovator Labour Party 7653:Orienting Labour Party 7339:Sustainability Network 7211:Parties represented in 6811:Annotated bibliography 6804:Os Sentidos do Lulismo 6741:Neocomunismo no Brasil 6727:A nova classe no poder 6684:Hunter, Wendy (2010). 6074:. Terra. 24 June 2006. 5923:Rabello, Maria Luiza. 5903:July 21, 2011, at the 5400:Novos Estudos - CEBRAP 5394:Singer, André (2009). 5158:Fundação Perseu Abramo 5140:"Revista Focus Brasil" 4821:Radical Democracy (DR) 4624:Brazilian Labour Party 4599:2006 electoral scandal 4491:, a leading member of 4286: 4285:is arrested unfairly". 4093:Coalition (2014–2016) 2931:Presidential elections 2835: 2801: 2765:Cabinet representation 2746:2014 general elections 2668:Its national coalition 2662: 2640:2010 general elections 2628:until 1 January 2011. 2606:2006 general elections 2592:2002 general elections 2451: 2388: 2348: 2313: 2178: 2043:Economic progressivism 1727:Ecological engineering 1688:Social justice warrior 1651:Philosophy of progress 1646:Philosophical progress 883:Evolutionary socialism 179:Fundação Perseu Abramo 113:; 44 years ago 39:Brazilian Labour Party 18:Workers Party (Brazil) 7603:Free Fatherland Party 7533:Brazilian Black Front 7471:National Mobilization 6825:Aline Fernanda Maciel 6755:O fascínio da estrela 6628:In Defense of Marxism 6549:on September 29, 2007 6543:"Portal da Cidadania" 6178:May 26, 2020, at the 5759:July 6, 2011, at the 5630:Third World Quarterly 5564:10.1017/9781108699655 4880:Socialist Convergence 4853:Socialist Brazil (BS) 4701:Supreme Federal Court 4280: 4210:Georgetown University 2899:Third World Quarterly 2880:Political Catholicism 2829: 2788:Demonstration of the 2787: 2653: 2519:military dictatorship 2450:between 1994 and 2014 2445: 2379: 2304: 2276:2022 general election 2252:military dictatorship 2131:Philosophy portal 2119:Liberalism portal 2065:Libertarian socialism 1739:Scientific management 1661:Progressive education 808:Social market economy 746:Left-wing nationalism 574:Frankfurt Declaration 352:Identification Number 111:10 February 1980 7758:Social Liberal Party 7623:Liberal Party (1985) 7618:Liberal Party (1831) 7486:Workers' Cause Party 6991:Marco Aurélio Garcia 6951:(Honorary President) 6797:O PT – Folha Explica 6781:Pluggina, Percival. 6753:Hohlfeldt, Antônio. 6748:O sonho era possível 6718:Couto, A. J. Paula. 6486:O Estado de S. Paulo 6296:on September 9, 2019 6034:– via YouTube. 5702:. September 22, 2016 5071:Marco Aurélio Garcia 4874:Workers' Cause Party 4856:Democratic Left (ED) 4801:Christian socialists 4752:Marco Aurélio Garcia 4380:indigenous territory 4328:capital of the state 2620:and 11 seats in the 2352:democratic socialism 2305:Lula, at the time a 2210:coalition government 2082:Classical radicalism 2048:Democratic socialism 1917:Roosevelt (Theodore) 1912:Roosevelt (Franklin) 1759:Techno-progressivism 1754:Technological change 1584:Economic development 1541:New Culture Movement 1516:Age of Enlightenment 1445:Socialism portal 1417:Economics portal 1313:Progressive Alliance 873:Democratic socialism 569:Age of Enlightenment 324:Progressive Alliance 306:Regional affiliation 296:National affiliation 244:Democratic socialism 7824:Progressive parties 7753:Social Labour Party 7608:Gaúcho United Front 7528:Alliance for Brazil 7466:Christian Democracy 7349:Parties represented 7215:Chamber of Deputies 7141:Socialist Democracy 6208:. Countrystudies.us 5842:on December 1, 2019 5498:Keck, Margareth E. 5085:Luís Carlos Prestes 4848:Socialist Democracy 4778:(since 3 June 2017) 4461:Liberal Front Party 4384:Raposa Serra do Sol 4348:São Francisco River 3763: – 3760: – 3712: – 3709: – 3592:Chamber of Deputies 2895:liberation theology 2876:liberation theology 2780:Socialism in Brazil 2626:President of Brazil 2618:Chamber of Deputies 2554:Beyond Citizen Kane 2503:economic liberalism 2432:Minister of Culture 2318:liberation theology 2250:and the subsequent 2218:Chamber of Deputies 2060:Left-libertarianism 1867:Kirchner (Cristina) 1712:Scientific progress 1695:Social organization 1631:Liberation theology 1611:Freedom of movement 1579:Cultural liberalism 1431:Politics portal 1178:Liebknecht (father) 835:Structural violence 726:Institutional abuse 641:Revolutions of 1848 417:Mercosur Parliament 403:Chamber of Deputies 259:Liberation theology 7688:Progressive League 7563:Conservative Party 7001:José Eduardo Dutra 6505:. October 1, 2003. 6488:. 7 November 2010. 6279:, 30 October 2006. 6111:The New York Times 5933:. 1 February 2010. 5294:. November 2, 2022 4956:Aloizio Mercadante 4764:José Eduardo Dutra 4658:Operation Car Wash 4560:World Social Forum 4287: 4214:Election Resources 3051:Aloizio Mercadante 2836: 2802: 2685:head of government 2663: 2452: 2389: 2367:Ministry of Labour 2314: 2260:Brazilian politics 2072:Left-wing populism 1907:Rodríguez Zapatero 1734:Self-determination 1722:Sustainable design 1601:Empirical evidence 1396:Types of socialism 1385:The Internationale 798:Social corporatism 651:Welfare capitalism 494:Politics of Brazil 98:Honorary President 7786: 7785: 7698:Progressive Party 7170: 7169: 7094: 7086: 7078: 7070: 7062: 7054: 7046: 7038: 7030: 6952: 6900: 6899: 6891:Succeeded by 6695:978-0-521-51455-2 6259:978-0-906156-99-5 5914:. 5 October 2010. 5677:978-91-980391-4-6 5573:978-1-108-48211-0 5179:"Juventude do PT" 5036:João Vaccari Neto 5016:Fernando Pimentel 4976:Benedita da Silva 4971:Arlindo Chinaglia 4951:Alexandre Padilha 4696: 4695: 4652:Lava Jato scandal 4632:Roberto Jefferson 4592:João Vaccari Neto 4547:, who formed the 4536:social-democratic 4509:statistically tie 4372:Progressive Party 4340:Rosângela Matheus 4336:Anthony Garotinho 4332:Benedita da Silva 4299:Greater São Paulo 4272:Rio Grande do Sul 4224: 4223: 4220: 3578: 3577: 3574: 2926:Electoral history 2830:Activists of the 2770:third coalition. 2689:history of Brazil 2521:. Along with the 2476:Rio Grande do Sul 2438:Electoral history 2354:trend. After the 2167: 2166: 2087:Social liberalism 1862:Kirchner (Néstor) 1744:Scientific method 1705:List of countries 1626:Industrialisation 1616:Human enhancement 1482: 1481: 888:Liberal socialism 878:Ethical socialism 646:Utopian socialism 584:Godesberg Program 579:French Revolution 529: 528: 499:Political parties 92:Washington Quaquá 16:(Redirected from 7836: 7718:Republican Party 7573:Democratic Party 7197: 7190: 7183: 7174: 7092: 7084: 7083:Fernando Haddad 7076: 7068: 7060: 7052: 7044: 7036: 7028: 6996:Ricardo Berzoini 6986:Ricardo Berzoini 6950: 6941:Party Presidents 6926: 6919: 6912: 6903: 6876:Preceded by 6873: 6866: 6851: 6732:Demier, Felipe. 6708: 6699: 6680: 6671: 6662: 6640: 6639: 6637: 6635: 6620: 6614: 6613: 6605: 6599: 6598: 6597:. March 8, 2021. 6591: 6585: 6584: 6582: 6580: 6565: 6559: 6558: 6556: 6554: 6539: 6533: 6532: 6530: 6528: 6513: 6507: 6506: 6495: 6489: 6479: 6464: 6463: 6441: 6435: 6434: 6426: 6420: 6419: 6411: 6402: 6397: 6391: 6390: 6388: 6386: 6363: 6357: 6356: 6354: 6352: 6329: 6323: 6322: 6320: 6312: 6306: 6305: 6303: 6301: 6286: 6280: 6270: 6264: 6263: 6245: 6239: 6238: 6236: 6234: 6224: 6218: 6217: 6215: 6213: 6202: 6196: 6193: 6187: 6170: 6166: 6160: 6148: 6144: 6138: 6133: 6129: 6123: 6122: 6120: 6118: 6113:. August 5, 2012 6103: 6097: 6096: 6094: 6092: 6081: 6075: 6066: 6062: 6053: 6044:Samuels, David. 6042: 6036: 6035: 6033: 6031: 6015: 6009: 6008: 6006: 6004: 5989: 5983: 5982: 5980: 5978: 5961: 5955: 5953: 5940: 5934: 5921: 5915: 5913: 5895: 5889: 5876: 5870: 5858: 5852: 5851: 5849: 5847: 5828: 5822: 5809: 5803: 5802: 5773: 5764: 5751: 5712: 5711: 5709: 5707: 5696: 5690: 5689: 5663: 5654: 5653: 5625: 5616: 5615: 5587: 5578: 5577: 5551: 5542: 5541: 5533: 5527: 5526: 5518: 5512: 5480: 5474: 5473: 5471: 5469: 5447: 5441: 5440: 5420: 5414: 5413: 5411: 5391: 5385: 5384: 5382: 5380: 5368: 5362: 5361: 5357:Folha de S.Paulo 5348: 5342: 5341: 5313: 5307: 5306: 5301: 5299: 5284: 5278: 5277: 5275: 5273: 5263: 5257: 5256: 5214: 5205: 5204: 5203:(in Portuguese). 5193: 5187: 5186: 5175: 5169: 5168: 5166: 5164: 5150: 5144: 5143: 5136: 5031:João Paulo Cunha 4961:Ana Julia Carepa 4888: 4841:(O Trabalho, OT) 4840: 4758:Ricardo Berzoini 4746:Ricardo Berzoini 4742:(2005) (interim) 4691: 4688: 4682: 4670: 4669: 4662: 4614:Mensalão scandal 4608:Mensalão scandal 4264:Federal District 4239: 4232: 4207: 4198: 4197: 4190: 4177: 4176: 4169: 4146: 4145: 4138: 4125: 4124: 4117: 4089: 4088: 4081: 4068: 4067: 4060: 4037: 4036: 4029: 4016: 4015: 4008: 3985: 3984: 3977: 3964: 3963: 3956: 3933: 3932: 3925: 3912: 3911: 3904: 3881: 3880: 3873: 3860: 3859: 3852: 3829: 3828: 3821: 3808: 3807: 3800: 3777: 3776: 3769: 3756: 3755: 3748: 3726: 3725: 3718: 3705: 3704: 3697: 3675: 3674: 3667: 3654: 3653: 3646: 3585: 3569: 3564: 3561: 3560: 3482: 3479: 3478: 3424: 3421: 3420: 3358: 3355: 3354: 3272: 3269: 3268: 3220: 3217: 3216: 3160: 3157: 3156: 3100: 3097: 3096: 3040: 3037: 3036: 2999:José Paulo Bisol 2935: 2480:Federal District 2346: 2198:social democracy 2159: 2152: 2145: 2129: 2128: 2127: 2117: 2116: 2092:In United States 2053:Social democracy 1769:Women's suffrage 1666:In Latin America 1621:Idea of Progress 1606:Direct democracy 1484: 1474: 1467: 1460: 1443: 1442: 1429: 1428: 1415: 1414: 1183:Liebknecht (son) 943:Batlle y Ordóñez 830:Structural abuse 731:Internationalism 706:Environmentalism 554: 544:Social democracy 531: 523: 513: 485: 482: 480: 467: 452: 445:City Councillors 438: 431:State Assemblies 424: 410: 396: 382: 368: 341: 335: 219:Social democracy 204: 203: 197: 136: 134: 121: 119: 114: 65: 46: 21: 7844: 7843: 7839: 7838: 7837: 7835: 7834: 7833: 7789: 7788: 7787: 7782: 7628:Liberator Party 7521:Defunct parties 7516: 7490: 7434: 7355: 7350: 7344: 7217: 7212: 7206: 7201: 7171: 7166: 7145: 7124: 7098: 7075:Dilma Rousseff 7067:Dilma Rousseff 7015: 7011:Gleisi Hoffmann 6936: 6930: 6896: 6887: 6881: 6865:(in Portuguese) 6864: 6860:Wayback Machine 6850:(in Portuguese) 6849: 6846: 6821:Dainis Karepovs 6813: 6802:Singer, André. 6795:Singer, André. 6720:O PT em pílulas 6715: 6702: 6696: 6683: 6674: 6665: 6656: 6653: 6648: 6646:Further reading 6643: 6633: 6631: 6622: 6621: 6617: 6612:. The Atlantic. 6607: 6606: 6602: 6593: 6592: 6588: 6578: 6576: 6567: 6566: 6562: 6552: 6550: 6541: 6540: 6536: 6526: 6524: 6515: 6514: 6510: 6497: 6496: 6492: 6480: 6467: 6460: 6446:Hite, Katherine 6443: 6442: 6438: 6428: 6427: 6423: 6413: 6412: 6405: 6398: 6394: 6384: 6382: 6380: 6365: 6364: 6360: 6350: 6348: 6346: 6331: 6330: 6326: 6318: 6314: 6313: 6309: 6299: 6297: 6290:"Eleições 2014" 6288: 6287: 6283: 6271: 6267: 6260: 6247: 6246: 6242: 6232: 6230: 6226: 6225: 6221: 6211: 6209: 6204: 6203: 6199: 6194: 6190: 6180:Wayback Machine 6169:(in Portuguese) 6168: 6167: 6163: 6157:Wayback Machine 6147:(in Portuguese) 6146: 6145: 6141: 6132:(in Portuguese) 6131: 6130: 6126: 6116: 6114: 6105: 6104: 6100: 6090: 6088: 6087:. April 2, 2014 6083: 6082: 6078: 6065:(in Portuguese) 6064: 6063: 6056: 6043: 6039: 6029: 6027: 6017: 6016: 6012: 6002: 6000: 5991: 5990: 5986: 5976: 5974: 5963: 5962: 5958: 5954:. 27 July 2017. 5951: 5941: 5937: 5922: 5918: 5911: 5905:Wayback Machine 5896: 5892: 5885:The Independent 5877: 5873: 5859: 5855: 5845: 5843: 5830: 5829: 5825: 5810: 5806: 5775: 5774: 5767: 5761:Wayback Machine 5752: 5715: 5705: 5703: 5698: 5697: 5693: 5678: 5665: 5664: 5657: 5627: 5626: 5619: 5589: 5588: 5581: 5574: 5553: 5552: 5545: 5535: 5534: 5530: 5520: 5519: 5515: 5505:Singer, André. 5481: 5477: 5467: 5465: 5449: 5448: 5444: 5437: 5422: 5421: 5417: 5393: 5392: 5388: 5378: 5376: 5370: 5369: 5365: 5350: 5349: 5345: 5334: 5326:. p. 212. 5315: 5314: 5310: 5297: 5295: 5286: 5285: 5281: 5271: 5269: 5265: 5264: 5260: 5231:(9): 999–1024. 5216: 5215: 5208: 5195: 5194: 5190: 5177: 5176: 5172: 5162: 5160: 5152: 5151: 5147: 5138: 5137: 5133: 5129: 5124: 5120:Wellington Dias 5081:Juliana Prestes 5011:Fernando Haddad 5006:Eduardo Suplicy 4966:Antônio Palocci 4934: 4882: 4869: 4867:Former factions 4834: 4828: 4809: 4785: 4776:Gleisi Hoffmann 4709: 4692: 4686: 4683: 4680: 4671: 4667: 4660: 4654: 4616: 4610: 4601: 4584: 4582:BANCOOP scandal 4532: 4527: 4521: 4487:is governed by 4311:Franco da Rocha 4303:Fernando Haddad 4248: 4243: 4242: 4233: 4229: 4191: 4188: 4170: 4167: 4139: 4136: 4118: 4115: 4082: 4079: 4061: 4058: 4030: 4027: 4009: 4006: 3978: 3975: 3957: 3954: 3926: 3923: 3905: 3902: 3874: 3871: 3853: 3850: 3822: 3819: 3801: 3798: 3770: 3767: 3749: 3746: 3719: 3716: 3698: 3695: 3668: 3665: 3647: 3644: 3583: 3562: 3558: 3499:Geraldo Alckmin 3480: 3476: 3441:Manuela d'Ávila 3435:Fernando Haddad 3422: 3418: 3356: 3352: 3270: 3266: 3218: 3214: 3158: 3154: 3098: 3094: 3038: 3034: 2933: 2928: 2782: 2776: 2767: 2754: 2648: 2614: 2600: 2573: 2565:Main articles: 2541: 2440: 2424:Antonio Candido 2347: 2344: 2299: 2190:political party 2163: 2125: 2123: 2111: 2104: 2103: 2038: 2030: 2029: 1985: 1977: 1976: 1782: 1774: 1773: 1700:Social progress 1678:Reform movement 1594:Economic growth 1574:Civil liberties 1564: 1556: 1555: 1546:Progressive Era 1526:Information Age 1506: 1478: 1437: 1423: 1409: 1401: 1400: 1374: 1366: 1365: 1341: 1333: 1332: 1293: 1283: 1282: 913: 903: 902: 868: 860: 859: 813:Socialist state 756:Nationalization 674:Critical theory 669:Civil liberties 664: 656: 655: 564: 525: 519: 510: 509: 508: 477: 453: 450: 439: 436: 425: 422: 411: 408: 397: 394: 383: 380: 369: 366: 339: 333: 312: 310:São Paulo Forum 291: 263: 195: 189:Juventude do PT 159: 132: 130: 117: 115: 112: 82:Gleisi Hoffmann 56: 55: 52: 42: 35: 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 7842: 7840: 7832: 7831: 7826: 7821: 7816: 7811: 7806: 7801: 7791: 7790: 7784: 7783: 7781: 7780: 7775: 7770: 7765: 7760: 7755: 7750: 7745: 7740: 7735: 7730: 7725: 7720: 7715: 7710: 7705: 7700: 7695: 7690: 7685: 7680: 7675: 7670: 7665: 7660: 7655: 7650: 7645: 7640: 7635: 7630: 7625: 7620: 7615: 7610: 7605: 7600: 7595: 7590: 7585: 7580: 7575: 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6953: 6944: 6942: 6938: 6937: 6931: 6929: 6928: 6921: 6914: 6906: 6898: 6897: 6894:15 – BDM (MDB) 6892: 6889: 6882: 6879:12 – DLP (PDT) 6877: 6871: 6870: 6862: 6845: 6844:External links 6842: 6841: 6840: 6812: 6809: 6808: 6807: 6800: 6793: 6786: 6779: 6772: 6765: 6760:Moura, Paulo. 6758: 6751: 6744: 6737: 6730: 6723: 6714: 6711: 6710: 6709: 6700: 6694: 6681: 6672: 6663: 6652: 6649: 6647: 6644: 6642: 6641: 6615: 6600: 6586: 6560: 6534: 6508: 6490: 6465: 6458: 6436: 6421: 6403: 6392: 6378: 6358: 6344: 6324: 6307: 6281: 6265: 6258: 6240: 6219: 6197: 6188: 6161: 6139: 6124: 6098: 6076: 6068:Agência Brasil 6054: 6037: 6010: 5984: 5956: 5935: 5916: 5890: 5871: 5853: 5823: 5804: 5765: 5713: 5691: 5676: 5655: 5617: 5598:(3): 229–230. 5579: 5572: 5543: 5528: 5513: 5511: 5510: 5503: 5496: 5489: 5475: 5442: 5435: 5415: 5386: 5363: 5343: 5332: 5308: 5279: 5258: 5206: 5201:sig.tse.jus.br 5188: 5170: 5145: 5130: 5128: 5125: 5123: 5122: 5117: 5112: 5107: 5105:Rodrigo Maroni 5102: 5097: 5092: 5087: 5078: 5076:Marilena Chaui 5073: 5068: 5063: 5061:Luizianne Lins 5058: 5053: 5048: 5043: 5038: 5033: 5028: 5023: 5018: 5013: 5008: 5003: 5001:Dilma Rousseff 4998: 4993: 4988: 4983: 4978: 4973: 4968: 4963: 4958: 4953: 4948: 4942: 4933: 4932:Famous members 4930: 4929: 4928: 4918: 4915: 4908: 4901: 4894: 4877: 4868: 4865: 4864: 4863: 4860: 4857: 4854: 4851: 4845: 4842: 4827: 4824: 4823: 4822: 4819: 4816: 4808: 4805: 4784: 4781: 4780: 4779: 4773: 4767: 4761: 4755: 4749: 4743: 4737: 4731: 4725: 4719: 4708: 4705: 4694: 4693: 4674: 4672: 4665: 4656:Main article: 4653: 4650: 4612:Main article: 4609: 4606: 4600: 4597: 4583: 4580: 4545:Heloísa Helena 4531: 4528: 4520: 4517: 4356:Espírito Santo 4321:, which until 4319:Rio de Janeiro 4260:Rio de Janeiro 4247: 4244: 4241: 4240: 4236:Brazil of Hope 4226: 4225: 4222: 4221: 4204: 4203: 4200: 4192: 4187: 4185: 4182: 4179: 4171: 4166: 4164: 4161: 4158: 4152: 4151: 4148: 4140: 4135: 4133: 4130: 4127: 4119: 4114: 4112: 4109: 4106: 4100: 4099: 4095: 4094: 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1553: 1548: 1543: 1538: 1533: 1528: 1523: 1521:Industrial Age 1518: 1513: 1507: 1504: 1503: 1500: 1499: 1493: 1492: 1480: 1479: 1477: 1476: 1469: 1462: 1454: 1451: 1450: 1449: 1448: 1434: 1420: 1403: 1402: 1399: 1398: 1393: 1388: 1381: 1375: 1372: 1371: 1368: 1367: 1364: 1363: 1358: 1356:United Kingdom 1353: 1348: 1342: 1339: 1338: 1335: 1334: 1331: 1330: 1325: 1320: 1315: 1310: 1305: 1300: 1294: 1289: 1288: 1285: 1284: 1281: 1280: 1275: 1270: 1265: 1260: 1255: 1250: 1245: 1240: 1235: 1230: 1225: 1220: 1215: 1210: 1205: 1200: 1195: 1190: 1185: 1180: 1175: 1170: 1165: 1160: 1155: 1150: 1145: 1140: 1135: 1130: 1125: 1120: 1115: 1110: 1105: 1100: 1095: 1090: 1085: 1080: 1075: 1070: 1065: 1060: 1055: 1050: 1045: 1040: 1035: 1030: 1025: 1020: 1015: 1010: 1005: 1000: 995: 990: 985: 980: 975: 970: 965: 960: 955: 950: 945: 940: 935: 930: 925: 920: 914: 909: 908: 905: 904: 901: 900: 895: 890: 885: 880: 875: 869: 866: 865: 862: 861: 858: 857: 852: 847: 842: 837: 832: 827: 826: 825: 820: 810: 805: 803:Social justice 800: 795: 790: 785: 784: 783: 778: 768: 763: 758: 753: 748: 743: 738: 733: 728: 723: 718: 713: 708: 703: 698: 697: 696: 694:Representative 691: 686: 676: 671: 665: 662: 661: 658: 657: 654: 653: 648: 643: 638: 633: 628: 623: 622: 621: 616: 606: 604:Labor movement 601: 596: 591: 586: 581: 576: 571: 565: 560: 559: 556: 555: 547: 546: 540: 539: 527: 526: 507: 506: 501: 496: 490: 487: 486: 474: 473: 469: 468: 460: 459: 455: 454: 451:2,665 / 56,810 449: 447: 441: 440: 435: 433: 427: 426: 421: 419: 413: 412: 407: 405: 399: 398: 393: 391: 389:Federal Senate 385: 384: 379: 377: 371: 370: 365: 363: 357: 356: 353: 346: 345: 331: 327: 326: 321: 317: 316: 307: 303: 302: 300:Brazil of Hope 297: 293: 292: 290: 289: 284: 279: 273: 271: 265: 264: 262: 261: 256: 251: 246: 241: 236: 231: 226: 221: 215: 213: 207: 206: 198: 191: 190: 187: 181: 180: 177: 171: 170: 165: 161: 160: 158: 157: 151: 144: 142: 138: 137: 127: 123: 122: 109: 105: 104: 99: 95: 94: 89: 88:Vice President 85: 84: 79: 75: 74: 71: 67: 66: 58: 57: 51:Workers' Party 50: 49: 26: 24: 14: 13: 10: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 7841: 7830: 7827: 7825: 7822: 7820: 7817: 7815: 7812: 7810: 7807: 7805: 7802: 7800: 7797: 7796: 7794: 7779: 7776: 7774: 7771: 7769: 7766: 7764: 7761: 7759: 7756: 7754: 7751: 7749: 7746: 7744: 7741: 7739: 7736: 7734: 7731: 7729: 7726: 7724: 7721: 7719: 7716: 7714: 7711: 7709: 7706: 7704: 7701: 7699: 7696: 7694: 7691: 7689: 7686: 7684: 7681: 7679: 7676: 7674: 7671: 7669: 7666: 7664: 7661: 7659: 7656: 7654: 7651: 7649: 7646: 7644: 7641: 7639: 7636: 7634: 7631: 7629: 7626: 7624: 7621: 7619: 7616: 7614: 7611: 7609: 7606: 7604: 7601: 7599: 7596: 7594: 7591: 7589: 7586: 7584: 7581: 7579: 7576: 7574: 7571: 7569: 7566: 7564: 7561: 7559: 7556: 7554: 7551: 7549: 7546: 7544: 7541: 7539: 7536: 7534: 7531: 7529: 7526: 7525: 7523: 7519: 7513: 7510: 7508: 7505: 7503: 7500: 7499: 7497: 7493: 7487: 7484: 7482: 7479: 7477: 7476:Popular Unity 7474: 7472: 7469: 7467: 7464: 7462: 7459: 7457: 7454: 7452: 7449: 7447: 7444: 7443: 7441: 7437: 7430: 7427: 7424: 7421: 7418: 7415: 7412: 7409: 7406: 7403: 7400: 7397: 7394: 7391: 7388: 7385: 7382: 7379: 7376: 7373: 7370: 7369:Liberal Party 7367: 7364: 7361: 7360: 7358: 7354: 7347: 7340: 7337: 7334: 7331: 7328: 7325: 7322: 7319: 7316: 7313: 7310: 7307: 7304: 7301: 7298: 7295: 7292: 7289: 7286: 7283: 7280: 7277: 7274: 7271: 7268: 7265: 7262: 7259: 7256: 7253: 7250: 7247: 7244: 7241: 7238: 7235: 7232: 7229: 7226: 7225:Liberal Party 7223: 7222: 7220: 7216: 7209: 7205: 7198: 7193: 7191: 7186: 7184: 7179: 7178: 7175: 7163: 7160: 7158: 7155: 7154: 7152: 7148: 7142: 7139: 7137: 7134: 7133: 7131: 7127: 7121: 7118: 7116: 7113: 7111: 7108: 7107: 7105: 7101: 7095: 7089: 7087: 7081: 7079: 7073: 7071: 7065: 7063: 7057: 7055: 7049: 7047: 7041: 7039: 7033: 7031: 7025: 7024: 7022: 7018: 7012: 7009: 7007: 7004: 7002: 6999: 6997: 6994: 6992: 6989: 6987: 6984: 6982: 6979: 6977: 6974: 6972: 6969: 6967: 6964: 6962: 6961:Luiz Gushiken 6959: 6957: 6954: 6949: 6948:Lula da Silva 6946: 6945: 6943: 6939: 6934: 6927: 6922: 6920: 6915: 6913: 6908: 6907: 6904: 6895: 6888:13 – WP (PT) 6886: 6880: 6874: 6869: 6863: 6861: 6857: 6854: 6848: 6847: 6843: 6838: 6834: 6833:Rodrigo Cesar 6830: 6826: 6822: 6818: 6815: 6814: 6810: 6805: 6801: 6798: 6794: 6791: 6787: 6784: 6780: 6777: 6773: 6770: 6766: 6763: 6759: 6756: 6752: 6749: 6745: 6742: 6738: 6735: 6731: 6728: 6724: 6721: 6717: 6716: 6713:In Portuguese 6712: 6706: 6701: 6697: 6691: 6687: 6682: 6678: 6673: 6669: 6664: 6660: 6655: 6654: 6650: 6645: 6630:. May 5, 2015 6629: 6625: 6619: 6616: 6611: 6604: 6601: 6596: 6590: 6587: 6574: 6570: 6564: 6561: 6548: 6544: 6538: 6535: 6523: 6519: 6512: 6509: 6504: 6503:The Economist 6500: 6494: 6491: 6487: 6483: 6478: 6476: 6474: 6472: 6470: 6466: 6461: 6459:0-19-878183-0 6455: 6451: 6447: 6440: 6437: 6432: 6425: 6422: 6417: 6410: 6408: 6404: 6400: 6396: 6393: 6381: 6379:9781139492669 6375: 6371: 6370: 6362: 6359: 6347: 6345:9780803913158 6341: 6337: 6336: 6328: 6325: 6317: 6311: 6308: 6295: 6291: 6285: 6282: 6278: 6274: 6269: 6266: 6261: 6255: 6251: 6244: 6241: 6229: 6223: 6220: 6207: 6201: 6198: 6192: 6189: 6185: 6181: 6177: 6174: 6165: 6162: 6158: 6154: 6151: 6143: 6140: 6136: 6128: 6125: 6112: 6108: 6102: 6099: 6086: 6080: 6077: 6073: 6069: 6061: 6059: 6055: 6051: 6047: 6041: 6038: 6025: 6021: 6014: 6011: 5998: 5994: 5988: 5985: 5972: 5971: 5966: 5960: 5957: 5950: 5949: 5944: 5939: 5936: 5932: 5931: 5930:Business Week 5926: 5920: 5917: 5910: 5906: 5902: 5899: 5894: 5891: 5887: 5886: 5881: 5875: 5872: 5868: 5867: 5866:The Economist 5862: 5857: 5854: 5841: 5837: 5833: 5827: 5824: 5820: 5819: 5814: 5808: 5805: 5800: 5796: 5792: 5788: 5784: 5780: 5772: 5770: 5766: 5762: 5758: 5755: 5750: 5748: 5746: 5744: 5742: 5740: 5738: 5736: 5734: 5732: 5730: 5728: 5726: 5724: 5722: 5720: 5718: 5714: 5701: 5695: 5692: 5687: 5683: 5679: 5673: 5669: 5662: 5660: 5656: 5651: 5647: 5643: 5639: 5635: 5631: 5624: 5622: 5618: 5613: 5609: 5605: 5601: 5597: 5593: 5586: 5584: 5580: 5575: 5569: 5565: 5561: 5557: 5550: 5548: 5544: 5539: 5532: 5529: 5524: 5517: 5514: 5508: 5504: 5501: 5497: 5494: 5490: 5487: 5483: 5482: 5479: 5476: 5463: 5462: 5457: 5453: 5446: 5443: 5438: 5436:9780275968861 5432: 5428: 5427: 5419: 5416: 5410: 5405: 5401: 5397: 5390: 5387: 5374: 5367: 5364: 5359: 5358: 5353: 5347: 5344: 5340: 5335: 5333:9783319532554 5329: 5325: 5321: 5320: 5312: 5309: 5305: 5293: 5289: 5283: 5280: 5268: 5262: 5259: 5254: 5250: 5246: 5242: 5238: 5234: 5230: 5226: 5225: 5220: 5213: 5211: 5207: 5202: 5198: 5192: 5189: 5184: 5180: 5174: 5171: 5159: 5155: 5149: 5146: 5141: 5135: 5132: 5126: 5121: 5118: 5116: 5113: 5111: 5108: 5106: 5103: 5101: 5098: 5096: 5095:Paulo Delgado 5093: 5091: 5088: 5086: 5082: 5079: 5077: 5074: 5072: 5069: 5067: 5064: 5062: 5059: 5057: 5054: 5052: 5051:Luiz Gushiken 5049: 5047: 5044: 5042: 5039: 5037: 5034: 5032: 5029: 5027: 5026:Jaques Wagner 5024: 5022: 5021:Guido Mantega 5019: 5017: 5014: 5012: 5009: 5007: 5004: 5002: 4999: 4997: 4994: 4992: 4991:Chico Buarque 4989: 4987: 4984: 4982: 4981:Binho Marques 4979: 4977: 4974: 4972: 4969: 4967: 4964: 4962: 4959: 4957: 4954: 4952: 4949: 4947: 4946:Henos Amorina 4944: 4943: 4941: 4939: 4931: 4926: 4923: 4919: 4916: 4913: 4909: 4906: 4902: 4899: 4895: 4892: 4886: 4881: 4878: 4875: 4871: 4870: 4866: 4861: 4858: 4855: 4852: 4849: 4846: 4843: 4838: 4833: 4830: 4829: 4825: 4820: 4817: 4814: 4813: 4812: 4806: 4804: 4802: 4798: 4794: 4790: 4782: 4777: 4774: 4771: 4768: 4765: 4762: 4759: 4756: 4753: 4750: 4747: 4744: 4741: 4738: 4735: 4732: 4729: 4726: 4723: 4720: 4717: 4714: 4713: 4712: 4706: 4704: 4702: 4690: 4678: 4673: 4664: 4663: 4659: 4651: 4649: 4647: 4643: 4639: 4638: 4633: 4629: 4625: 4621: 4615: 4607: 4605: 4598: 4596: 4593: 4589: 4581: 4579: 4577: 4573: 4569: 4565: 4561: 4556: 4554: 4550: 4546: 4542: 4537: 4529: 4526: 4519:Controversies 4518: 4516: 4514: 4510: 4506: 4500: 4496: 4494: 4490: 4486: 4482: 4478: 4474: 4470: 4466: 4462: 4458: 4454: 4450: 4446: 4442: 4438: 4434: 4430: 4426: 4422: 4418: 4414: 4408: 4405: 4401: 4397: 4393: 4389: 4385: 4381: 4377: 4373: 4368: 4363: 4361: 4357: 4353: 4349: 4345: 4341: 4337: 4333: 4329: 4324: 4320: 4316: 4312: 4308: 4304: 4300: 4296: 4292: 4284: 4279: 4275: 4273: 4269: 4265: 4261: 4257: 4253: 4245: 4237: 4231: 4228: 4219: 4215: 4211: 4205: 4201: 4193: 4186: 4183: 4180: 4172: 4165: 4162: 4159: 4157: 4154: 4153: 4149: 4141: 4134: 4131: 4128: 4120: 4113: 4110: 4107: 4105: 4102: 4101: 4097: 4096: 4092: 4048: 4044: 4040: 4032: 4025: 4022: 4019: 4011: 4004: 4001: 3998: 3996: 3993: 3992: 3988: 3980: 3973: 3970: 3967: 3959: 3952: 3949: 3946: 3944: 3941: 3940: 3936: 3928: 3921: 3918: 3915: 3907: 3900: 3897: 3894: 3892: 3889: 3888: 3884: 3876: 3869: 3866: 3863: 3855: 3848: 3845: 3842: 3840: 3837: 3836: 3832: 3824: 3817: 3814: 3811: 3803: 3796: 3793: 3790: 3788: 3785: 3784: 3780: 3772: 3765: 3762: 3759: 3751: 3744: 3741: 3738: 3736: 3733: 3732: 3728: 3721: 3714: 3711: 3708: 3700: 3693: 3690: 3687: 3685: 3682: 3681: 3677: 3670: 3663: 3660: 3657: 3649: 3642: 3639: 3636: 3634: 3631: 3630: 3626: 3623: 3620: 3617: 3614: 3611: 3608: 3605: 3604: 3598: 3593: 3586: 3580: 3573: 3567: 3556: 3553: 3550: 3547: 3544: 3541: 3539: 3535: 3531: 3530:Solidariedade 3527: 3523: 3519: 3515: 3511: 3507: 3504: 3500: 3497: 3494: 3491: 3489: 3486: 3485: 3474: 3471: 3468: 3465: 3462: 3459: 3457: 3453: 3449: 3446: 3442: 3439: 3436: 3433: 3431: 3428: 3427: 3416: 3413: 3410: 3407: 3404: 3401: 3399: 3395: 3391: 3387: 3383: 3379: 3375: 3371: 3367: 3365: 3362: 3361: 3350: 3347: 3344: 3341: 3338: 3335: 3333: 3329: 3325: 3321: 3317: 3313: 3309: 3305: 3301: 3297: 3294: 3290: 3284: 3279: 3276: 3275: 3264: 3261: 3258: 3255: 3252: 3249: 3247: 3243: 3239: 3236: 3232: 3229: 3227: 3224: 3223: 3212: 3209: 3206: 3203: 3200: 3197: 3195: 3191: 3187: 3183: 3179: 3176: 3172: 3169: 3167: 3164: 3163: 3152: 3149: 3146: 3143: 3140: 3137: 3135: 3131: 3127: 3123: 3119: 3116: 3112: 3109: 3107: 3104: 3103: 3092: 3089: 3086: 3083: 3080: 3077: 3075: 3071: 3067: 3063: 3059: 3055: 3052: 3049: 3047: 3044: 3043: 3032: 3029: 3026: 3023: 3020: 3017: 3015: 3011: 3007: 3004: 3000: 2997: 2994: 2989: 2986: 2985: 2982: 2979: 2977: 2974: 2972: 2969: 2967: 2964: 2963: 2960: 2955:Second round 2946: 2936: 2930: 2925: 2923: 2920: 2919:Leonardo Boff 2916: 2912: 2908: 2907:Mauro Morelli 2904: 2900: 2896: 2891: 2887: 2885: 2881: 2877: 2871: 2869: 2864: 2860: 2855: 2851: 2847: 2845: 2841: 2833: 2828: 2824: 2822: 2817: 2815: 2811: 2810:external debt 2807: 2799: 2795: 2791: 2786: 2781: 2773: 2771: 2764: 2762: 2760: 2753: 2748: 2747: 2743: 2741: 2737: 2733: 2729: 2725: 2721: 2717: 2713: 2708: 2706: 2702: 2698: 2697:head of state 2694: 2690: 2686: 2681: 2676: 2674: 2669: 2661: 2660:Carlos Latuff 2657: 2652: 2647: 2642: 2641: 2637: 2635: 2629: 2627: 2623: 2619: 2613: 2608: 2607: 2603: 2599: 2594: 2593: 2589: 2586: 2582: 2578: 2572: 2568: 2563: 2562: 2558: 2556: 2555: 2550: 2546: 2540: 2535: 2534: 2530: 2528: 2524: 2520: 2516: 2512: 2508: 2504: 2500: 2496: 2492: 2487: 2485: 2481: 2477: 2473: 2469: 2465: 2461: 2457: 2449: 2444: 2437: 2435: 2433: 2429: 2425: 2421: 2417: 2412: 2410: 2406: 2402: 2398: 2394: 2387: 2383: 2378: 2374: 2372: 2368: 2364: 2360: 2359: 2353: 2341: 2337: 2335: 2331: 2327: 2323: 2319: 2312: 2308: 2303: 2296: 2294: 2292: 2288: 2284: 2279: 2277: 2272: 2267: 2265: 2261: 2257: 2254:, PT and the 2253: 2249: 2248: 2241: 2239: 2235: 2231: 2227: 2223: 2219: 2215: 2211: 2207: 2203: 2199: 2195: 2191: 2188: 2184: 2180: 2176: 2172: 2160: 2155: 2153: 2148: 2146: 2141: 2140: 2138: 2137: 2132: 2122: 2120: 2115: 2110: 2109: 2108: 2107: 2100: 2097: 2093: 2090: 2088: 2085: 2083: 2080: 2079: 2078: 2075: 2073: 2070: 2066: 2063: 2062: 2061: 2058: 2054: 2051: 2049: 2046: 2045: 2044: 2041: 2040: 2034: 2033: 2026: 2025:United States 2023: 2021: 2018: 2016: 2013: 2011: 2008: 2006: 2003: 2001: 1998: 1996: 1993: 1991: 1988: 1987: 1981: 1980: 1973: 1970: 1968: 1965: 1963: 1960: 1958: 1955: 1953: 1950: 1948: 1945: 1943: 1940: 1938: 1935: 1933: 1930: 1928: 1925: 1923: 1920: 1918: 1915: 1913: 1910: 1908: 1905: 1903: 1900: 1898: 1897:Ocasio-Cortez 1895: 1893: 1890: 1888: 1885: 1883: 1880: 1878: 1875: 1873: 1870: 1868: 1865: 1863: 1860: 1858: 1855: 1853: 1850: 1848: 1845: 1843: 1840: 1838: 1835: 1833: 1830: 1828: 1825: 1823: 1820: 1818: 1815: 1813: 1810: 1808: 1805: 1803: 1800: 1798: 1795: 1793: 1790: 1788: 1785: 1784: 1778: 1777: 1770: 1767: 1765: 1762: 1760: 1757: 1755: 1752: 1750: 1747: 1745: 1742: 1740: 1737: 1735: 1732: 1728: 1725: 1724: 1723: 1720: 1718: 1717:Social change 1715: 1713: 1710: 1706: 1703: 1702: 1701: 1698: 1696: 1693: 1689: 1686: 1685: 1684: 1681: 1679: 1676: 1674: 1671: 1667: 1664: 1663: 1662: 1659: 1657: 1654: 1652: 1649: 1647: 1644: 1642: 1639: 1637: 1634: 1632: 1629: 1627: 1624: 1622: 1619: 1617: 1614: 1612: 1609: 1607: 1604: 1602: 1599: 1595: 1592: 1590: 1587: 1586: 1585: 1582: 1580: 1577: 1575: 1572: 1570: 1567: 1566: 1560: 1559: 1552: 1549: 1547: 1544: 1542: 1539: 1537: 1534: 1532: 1529: 1527: 1524: 1522: 1519: 1517: 1514: 1512: 1509: 1508: 1502: 1501: 1498: 1497:Progressivism 1494: 1490: 1486: 1485: 1475: 1470: 1468: 1463: 1461: 1456: 1455: 1453: 1452: 1447: 1446: 1441: 1435: 1433: 1432: 1427: 1421: 1419: 1418: 1413: 1407: 1406: 1405: 1404: 1397: 1394: 1392: 1389: 1386: 1382: 1380: 1377: 1376: 1370: 1369: 1362: 1361:United States 1359: 1357: 1354: 1352: 1349: 1347: 1344: 1343: 1337: 1336: 1329: 1326: 1324: 1321: 1319: 1316: 1314: 1311: 1309: 1306: 1304: 1301: 1299: 1296: 1295: 1292: 1291:Organizations 1287: 1286: 1279: 1276: 1274: 1271: 1269: 1266: 1264: 1261: 1259: 1256: 1254: 1251: 1249: 1246: 1244: 1241: 1239: 1236: 1234: 1231: 1229: 1226: 1224: 1221: 1219: 1216: 1214: 1211: 1209: 1206: 1204: 1201: 1199: 1196: 1194: 1191: 1189: 1186: 1184: 1181: 1179: 1176: 1174: 1171: 1169: 1166: 1164: 1161: 1159: 1156: 1154: 1151: 1149: 1146: 1144: 1141: 1139: 1136: 1134: 1131: 1129: 1126: 1124: 1121: 1119: 1116: 1114: 1111: 1109: 1106: 1104: 1101: 1099: 1096: 1094: 1091: 1089: 1086: 1084: 1081: 1079: 1076: 1074: 1071: 1069: 1066: 1064: 1061: 1059: 1056: 1054: 1051: 1049: 1046: 1044: 1041: 1039: 1036: 1034: 1031: 1029: 1026: 1024: 1021: 1019: 1016: 1014: 1011: 1009: 1006: 1004: 1001: 999: 996: 994: 991: 989: 986: 984: 981: 979: 976: 974: 971: 969: 966: 964: 961: 959: 956: 954: 951: 949: 946: 944: 941: 939: 936: 934: 931: 929: 926: 924: 921: 919: 916: 915: 912: 907: 906: 899: 896: 894: 891: 889: 886: 884: 881: 879: 876: 874: 871: 870: 864: 863: 856: 855:Welfare state 853: 851: 848: 846: 843: 841: 838: 836: 833: 831: 828: 824: 821: 819: 816: 815: 814: 811: 809: 806: 804: 801: 799: 796: 794: 791: 789: 786: 782: 779: 777: 774: 773: 772: 769: 767: 766:Progressivism 764: 762: 759: 757: 754: 752: 751:Mixed economy 749: 747: 744: 742: 739: 737: 734: 732: 729: 727: 724: 722: 719: 717: 714: 712: 709: 707: 704: 702: 699: 695: 692: 690: 687: 685: 682: 681: 680: 677: 675: 672: 670: 667: 666: 660: 659: 652: 649: 647: 644: 642: 639: 637: 634: 632: 629: 627: 624: 620: 617: 615: 612: 611: 610: 607: 605: 602: 600: 597: 595: 592: 590: 587: 585: 582: 580: 577: 575: 572: 570: 567: 566: 563: 558: 557: 553: 549: 548: 545: 541: 537: 533: 532: 522: 517: 512: 505: 502: 500: 497: 495: 492: 491: 488: 484: 475: 470: 466: 461: 456: 448: 446: 442: 434: 432: 428: 420: 418: 414: 406: 404: 400: 392: 390: 386: 378: 376: 372: 364: 362: 361:Governorships 358: 354: 351: 347: 344: 338: 332: 328: 325: 322: 318: 315: 311: 308: 304: 301: 298: 294: 288: 285: 283: 280: 278: 275: 274: 272: 270: 266: 260: 257: 255: 254:Catholic left 252: 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Routledge. 6676: 6670:. New Press. 6667: 6661:. Zed Books. 6658: 6632:. Retrieved 6627: 6618: 6603: 6589: 6579:November 22, 6577:. Retrieved 6573:The Guardian 6572: 6563: 6551:. Retrieved 6547:the original 6537: 6525:. Retrieved 6521: 6511: 6502: 6493: 6449: 6439: 6430: 6424: 6415: 6395: 6385:November 22, 6383:. Retrieved 6368: 6361: 6351:November 22, 6349:. Retrieved 6334: 6327: 6310: 6300:November 21, 6298:. Retrieved 6294:the original 6284: 6268: 6249: 6243: 6231:. Retrieved 6222: 6210:. Retrieved 6200: 6191: 6183: 6164: 6142: 6127: 6117:November 22, 6115:. Retrieved 6110: 6101: 6091:November 22, 6089:. Retrieved 6079: 6049: 6040: 6030:November 22, 6028:. Retrieved 6013: 6001:. Retrieved 5996: 5987: 5975:. Retrieved 5968: 5959: 5946: 5938: 5928: 5919: 5908: 5893: 5883: 5874: 5864: 5856: 5844:. Retrieved 5840:the original 5836:Jornal O Sul 5835: 5826: 5816: 5807: 5782: 5778: 5706:November 22, 5704:. 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