1447:. Formal training programs in radiography range in length that leads to a certificate, an associate or a bachelor's degree. The American Registry of Radiologic Technologists (ARRT), the primary credentialing organisation for Radiologic Technologists in the United States, requires that candidates for ARRT Certification Exams must have an associate degree at minimum as of January, 2015, effectively ending non-degree granting diploma programs. Accreditation is primarily through The Joint Review Committee on Education in Radiologic Technology (JRCERT), the only agency recognised by the United States Department of Education and the Council for Higher Education Accreditation to grant accreditation to both traditional and online programs in Radiography, Radiation Therapy, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, and Medical Dosimetry. An online page where prospective students can check the accreditation of programs is maintained by JRCERT.
387:
607:
radiographic appearances; it is for this reason that radiographers often do not interpret or diagnose without further training. Notwithstanding, it is now becoming more common that radiographers have an extended and expanded clinical role, this includes a role in initial radiological diagnosis, diagnosis consultation and what subsequent investigations to conduct. It is not uncommon for radiographers to now conduct procedures which would have previously been undertaken by a cardiologist, urologist, radiologist or oncologist autonomously.
1510:. Schooling also includes significant amounts of documented practicum supervised by Registered Technologists in various clinical settings where the classroom theory is translated to practical knowledge and real world experience. The change from Film to Digital imaging has changed training as film quality assurance and quality control is largely obsolete. The role of computer workstations to produce synthetic images for Radiologists has steadily increased the need for computer skills as has electronic medical record software.
1404:(HCPC). In order to practise Radiography in the United Kingdom candidates must now successfully obtain a pass in a degree level programme from an accredited institution. Degrees are offered by universities across the UK and last for at least 3 years in England, Wales and Northern Ireland; and 4 years in Scotland. Student Diagnostic Radiographers spend a significant amount of time working at various hospitals affiliated with their university during their studies to meet the requirement for registration with the HCPC.
1259:
training program began in 1933 at the Nepal
Rajkiya Ayurved School; the Civil Medical School was later established in 1934. Radiological education in Nepal started in 1923 in a 64 bedded Military Hospital, Tri-ChandraElectro-Medical Institute. The post graduate (MSc) program in physics at TU began in 1965 with only Nuclear Physics specialization. In 1972, the Institute of Medicine (IOM) which is affiliated with TU started the Proficiency Certificate Level (PCL) Radiography course however this has since stopped.
1315:
period station local quality criteria. The quality criteria are set every five years by the
Paramedics Quality Register, paramedical professional associations. To ensure that the requirements for the patient and the client-oriented exercises and expertise-enhancing activities are safeguarded for the quality of the professional practice. The quality criteria are set up in such a way that paramedics can meet the quality requirements with the set range of expertise-enhancing activities.
1432:
patient with that patient's agreement. An accredited university course must be undertaken before this role extension is annotated onto a HCPC registrant's record. It is thought that in the future
Diagnostic Radiographers in will gain independent prescribing rights, however this is currently limited by their restricted and varied scope of practice. In 2016, the introduction of independent prescribing right was agreed for Therapeutic Radiographers after a consultation by the
314:
47:
1242:
and their course is no more than one year shorter. Should the radiographer have a substantial difference between their professional qualifications and those required by CPCM, the radiographer has the right to provide further evidence of competence (including professional experience or CPD), otherwise, the CPCM board should offer the applicant the possibility to do an aptitude test or adaptation period (as chosen by the applicant). A
5041:
1293:
radiographer professional is and remains competent in the field of professional practice. Despite the fact that the quality register is not compulsory according to the law, many hospitals are obliged to do it. The hospitals are obliged to provide good quality care. Health insurers also attach great value to the
Paramedics Quality Register because they are also required to provide good care.
1015:
925:
860:
803:
779:
733:
710:
679:
631:
result of this the typical career pathway for a radiographer is hard to summarise. Upon qualifying it is common for radiographers to focus solely on plain film radiography before specialising in any one chosen modality. After a number of years in the profession, non-imaging based roles often become open and radiographers may then move into these positions.
1408:
operating team in mainly
Orthopaedic and Urology cases, offering surgeons live radiographic imaging. Once qualified, Diagnostic Radiographers are able to acquire X-rays without supervision and work as part of the imaging team. They will have basic head examination qualifications in CT and even basic experience of MRI, Ultrasound and Nuclear Medicine.
1412:
Radiologist (a medical doctor who specialised in interpreting X-rays), Urologist or
Cardiologist in the past. This extended practice includes various interventional procedures not excluding barium enemas, barium meals/swallows, peripheral angioplasties, nerve root injections, central line insertions and many other procedures.
1518:(ASRT), a professional association for people in Medical Imaging and Therapy, offers members and others continuing education materials in various media that meet the requirements of the ARRT for continuing education. Additional requirements are set forth for technologists who specialise in mammography by the US FDA.
887:
826:
756:
1513:
After primary training and licensure, continuing education is required to maintain licensure and certification with the ARRT, who sets the accepted national guidelines. The ARRT requires 24 Units of accredited continuing education every two years and the laws and the regulations of most states accept
1359:
Apart from monetary issues, these professional bodies are also in loggerheads over non-doctors requesting to be given top administrative roles in government owned hospitals. Many radiographers, however, do not particularly involve themselves in these movements as working in a private establishment is
1258:
has very limited resources meaning radiological services are rather limited. Nepal is still struggling to improve and manage conventional radiological examinations. Radiological
Services in Nepal commenced in 1923 at Military Hospital by Dr. Rana and Dr Asta Bahadur Shrestha. The first health related
1241:
on the recognition of qualifications between member states. In these cases, the professional document and theoretical and practical training are required to be equivalent to the requirements of Malta, i.e. An EQF Level 6 Bachelor's Degree with an equivalent syllabus to that of the
University of Malta
1153:
Applicants must have either an approved qualification, a schedule 3 qualification, an appropriate letter of recommendation/accreditation or another qualification which is deemed 'suitably relevant' by registration board in order to successfully fulfil the vocational education requirements to become a
630:
Radiography is a deeply diverse profession with many different modalities and specialities. It is not uncommon for radiographers to be specialised in more than one modality and even have expertise of interventional procedures themselves; however this depends on the country in which they operate. As a
533:
By 1959, Jay Singer had studied blood flow by NMR relaxation time measurements of blood in living humans. Such measurements were not introduced into common medical practice until the mid-1980s, although a patent for a whole-body NMR machine to measure blood flow in the human body was already filed by
445:
pushed for radiography to be used to treat wounded soldiers in World War I. Initially, many kinds of staff conducted radiography in hospitals, including physicists, photographers, physicians, nurses, and engineers. The medical speciality of radiology grew up over many years around the new technology.
1526:
A new and evolving career for
Radiologic Technologists is that of the Registered Radiologist Assistant (RRA) who is an experienced technologist (a type of Physician Assistant) who has completed additional education, training, and has passed exams to function as radiologist extenders. A list of the 9
1411:
Diagnostic
Radiographers can specialise in-house or through a university course as a postgraduate in CT, MRI, Ultrasound or Nuclear Medicine with opportunities to gain an MSc or PhD in their field. Diagnostic Radiographers in the UK are also taking on roles that were typically only undertaken by the
1305:
The official registration of the radiographer satisfies the educational requirements in the General Administrative Order (AMvB) ex. art. 34 BIG and the quality requirements of the professional group. On the basis of which is carried out radiographer is mentioned in the Diplomaregister Paramedici and
341:
who interprets them). By the 1930s and 1940s, as it became increasingly apparent that proper interpretation of the images required not only a physician but also one who was specifically trained and experienced in doing so, the differentiation between the roles was formalized. Simultaneously, it also
1556:
and shielding. The relationship between radiation and cancer was found to correlate with women who were in the menopausal stages of their lives. In today's workplace, radiation exposure is monitored very closely and cancer cases in technologists has been found to have decreased tremendously due to
1407:
They specialise in the acquisition of radiographs of General Practitioner referred (GP) patients, Outpatients, Emergency Department (ED) referred patients and Inpatients. They conduct mobile X-rays on wards and in other departments where patients are too critical to be moved and work as part of the
1270:
In Nepal there are 125 vocational health training institutes however only 15 are conducting radiological technological education. Bachelor level radiography education is taught in two universities & one college whereas master level radiography course is taught in one where another university is
1185:
An application form has to be filled along with the necessary authenticated copies of several documents. The application form includes the insertion of personal details of the individual along with the description of qualifications and the university which granted the qualifications. The individual
429:
material, within the tube. On 3 February 1896 Gilman Frost, professor of medicine at the college, and his brother Edwin Frost, professor of physics, exposed the wrist of Eddie McCarthy, whom Gilman had treated some weeks earlier for a fracture, to the X-rays and collected the resulting image of the
382:
which he had wrapped in black cardboard to shield its fluorescent glow. He noticed a faint green glow from the screen, about 1 metre away. Röntgen realized some invisible rays coming from the tube were passing through the cardboard to make the screen glow: they were passing through an opaque object
1363:
Some Radiographers in Nigeria are also keen on setting up a "Department of Radiography" in the government owned hospitals which will not be under the Head of the Radiology Department. Some hospitals however have an understanding between the Radiology head (a Radiologist) and the Chief Radiographer
1347:
Radiographers in Nigeria have been striving to extend their practice to include radiographic interpretation and Ultrasound services. They are also on the verge of adopting an official professional title of "Radr" or "Rr" As of 2015. Radiographers in Nigeria normally proceed for a Masters programme
1164:
To practice as a Radiographer or Radiation Therapist in Ireland, one must register with CORU as of 31 October 2015. CORU is Ireland's multi-profession health regulator. Set up under the Health and Social Care Professionals Act 2005, CORU is used to protect the public by promoting high standards of
1355:
Allied Health Unions (such as 'JOHESU' and 'NUAHP') that Radiographers are members of (with Nurses, Pharmacists, Physiotherapists, Laboratory Scientists, etc.), have over the years gone on strike actions to force the Nigerian government to improve their allowances/salaries in the government owned
1314:
To be in the Paramedics Quality Register the radiographer need to request re-registration every five years. The first period of five years is determined on the basis of the diploma date. In case of re-registration, the radiographer must meet the requirements for that period. The start date of the
784:
Utilises continuous and/or pulses of ionising radiation to visualise the various systems of in the body over period of time. Often used in monitoring a bolus or contrast agent in order to highlight vessels and organs, or to position devices within the body (such as pacemakers, guidewires, stents,
1427:
Radiographers are now able to write reports and diagnose pathologies and/or conditions seen on differing diagnostic media after completing a HCPC and SCoR accredited university course; completing a course in this modality allows the Radiographer to become a reporting Radiographer in their chosen
1379:
must successfully undertake a degree level program at a recognised higher-level education institution in Nursing before undertaking further study in radiographic imaging at university for typically 2 to 3 years; this must include a year's experience in a hospital. Upon completion, graduates are
1351:
In a typical Nigerian Teaching Hospital, radiographers do not undertake sonography examinations, this is left for the radiologists, who, in some areas, have gradually improved their relationship with the radiographers in providing services in other radiographic units. The radiologist is also in
1288:
Until 1997, radiographers were required to register the Evidence of Competence at the Chief of Medical Inspections. This was mandatory under the Law on Paramedic professions. After innovate the law of Individual Health Care Professions (BIG), the registration requirements for radiographers were
1211:
A detailed transcript of Theoretical and Practical Training and Studies in hours associated with the Profession and in relation with the profession syllabus performed by their Institution being the university/College. This has to be endorsed in the original format by the Head/Registrar of their
1431:
Diagnostic Radiographers are able to become supplementary prescribers which allows them the capacity to prescribe medications in partnership with an independent prescriber (a doctor or a dentist); the supplementary prescriber is to implement an agreed Clinical Management Plan for an individual
537:
In the 1960s and 1970s the results of a very large amount of work on relaxation, diffusion, and chemical exchange of water in cells and tissues of various types appeared in the scientific literature. In 1967, Ligon reported the measurement of NMR relaxation of water in the arms of living human
1292:
The Paramedics Quality Register comes from the BIG. The purpose of the Paramedics Quality Register is to guarantee the quality of professional practice. Through the registration and re-registration (once in five years) it becomes visible for patients, health insurers etc. that the registered
1177:
In Malta, in order for an individual to become a Radiographer he/she first has to follow a course offered by the University of Malta. The course is BSc (Hons) Radiography and its duration is of four years. On completion of the course, the graduate will have the conditions to be eligible for
606:
On a basic level, radiographers do not generally interpret diagnostic media, rather they evaluate media and make a decision about its diagnostic effectiveness. In order to make this evaluation radiographers must have a comprehensive but not necessarily exhaustive knowledge of pathology and
394:
Röntgen discovered X-rays' medical use when he made a picture of his wife's hand on a photographic plate formed due to X-rays. The photograph of his wife's hand was the first ever photograph of a human body part using X-rays. When she saw the picture, she said, "I have seen my death."
573:
This branch of healthcare is extremely varied, especially between different countries, and as a result radiographers in one country often have a completely different role to that of radiographers in another. However, the base responsibilities of the radiographer are summarised below:
1165:
professional conduct, education, training and competence through statutory registration of health and social care professionals. If a radiographer commences clinical practice without registration then they may be prosecuted with a fine or an imprisonment of up to six months.
1173:
Radiography is a regulated profession in Malta and anyone wanting to practice Diagnostic or Therapeutic Radiography would need to obtain state registration in order to be licensed as a Radiographer, obtained from the Council for Professions Complementary to Medicine (CPCM).
1630:
In 2016, 59% of technologists surveyed reported that being overworked lead to risking medical error and threatening patient safety. Being overworked also led to depersonalization due to the emotional drain it takes on technologists' mental health, also putting patients at
470:
as well. Although a nonspecialist dictionary might define radiography quite narrowly as "taking X-ray images", this has long been only part of the work of "X-ray Departments", Radiographers, and Radiologists. Initially, radiographs were known as roentgenograms, while
502:
in September 1971; he published the theory behind it in March 1973. The factors leading to image contrast (differences in tissue relaxation time values) had been described nearly 20 years earlier by Erik Odeblad (doctor and scientist) and Gunnar Lindström.
1262:
Radiotherapy was first introduced at Maternity Hospital in 1976 utilising radium needle treatment. CT and Nuclear Medicine was introduced in 1988 at Bir Hospital. The Radiotherapy unit with Tele Cobalt-60 machine was established at Bir Hospital in 1991.
1530:
Registered Radiologist Assistant (RRA), a new advanced practice radiographer career path in the United States for experienced technologists. RRAs do not interpret studies in the manner of the reporting radiographer. The role has been accepted by the
1094:
In Germany radiographers must complete a 3-year apprenticeship before they qualify as a 'Medizinisch-technischer Radiologieassistent'. Only after qualifying do radiographers in Germany fulfil the requirements to practise as a fully qualified MTRA.
1306:/ or the Quality Register Paramedics. By registration, the radiographer continues to be traced by, for example, the Health Care Inspectorate (IGZ) and the professional associations. Other organizations also intend the Quality Register Paramedics.
1181:
A foreign radiographer can work in Malta should the necessary documentation and competencies have been obtained and presented. Radiographers working on Malta should abide by the rules of the host country and title of radiographer will be used.
358:
discovered the X-ray and noted that, while it could pass through human tissue, it could not pass through bone or metal. Röntgen referred to the radiation as "X", to indicate that it was an unknown type of radiation. He received the first
1266:
Nepal became a member of IAEA in 2008. Since 2008 onwards diploma level radiography courses have been conducted across the country by the Council for Technical Education and Vocational Training (CTEVT) and other affiliated institutions.
1692:
A global overview of the changing roles of radiographers, Cynthia Cowling, International Society of Radiographers and Radiological Technologists (ISRRT), 143 Bryn Pinwydden, Pentwyn, Cardiff, Wales CF23 7DG, UK, Retrieved on 28 October
1634:
Due to constantly maneuvering heavy patients, technologists are at risk for work related injuries from the strain it puts on their bodies. Most technologists who develop a work related injury, later report having more work related
1563:, used in a variety of imaging procedures, can damage cells. Lead shields are used on the patient and by the Radiographer to reduce exposure by shielding areas that do not need to be imaged from the radiation source. While lead is
1067:
Since 2 December 2014, everyone who works at a Medical Imaging department, is obliged to be in possession of the recognition and the visa issued by the Ministry of Health (a professional identity card that is considered a license)
1335:
to differentiate them from Industrial Radiographers. Radiographers must complete a 5-year undergraduate BSc and a compulsory one year paid internship program in a hospital after graduation before attaining a full licensing by the
1301:
Radiographers who are in possession of a valid Certificate of Competence, diploma of certificate and endorse the code of professional conduct of the professional association, can be enroll in the Paramedics historical register.
1071:
To practice a health care profession with a foreign diploma from within the EEA or equivalent in the EEA, it is necessary to request the recognition for the profession from Government of Flanders (Agency of Care and Health).
1063:
The profession of diagnostic radiographer is called "medical imaging technologist", it is a regulated healthcare profession. A diploma of a specific professional Bachelor is a requirement for registration and recognition.
342:
became increasingly true that just as a radiologic technologist cannot do the radiologist's job, the radiologist also cannot do the radiologic technologist's job, as it requires some knowledge, skills, experience, and
2826:
621:
Radiographers often have opportunities to enter military service due to their role in healthcare. As with most other occupations in the medical field many radiographers have rotating shifts that include night duties.
290:
1225:
In cases where the professional qualification acquired was not obtained from an Accredited Institution in Malta, a letter is to be submitted, issued from the Malta Qualifications Recognition Information Centre
1145:
before they can practice in the Republic of Ireland. Student radiographers training in the ROI will typically study for 4 years on an approved bachelor's degree program; currently degree programs only exist at
1601:
occurred along with some modifications in the physiological functions of those cells. However, these effects have not yet been independently replicated or confirmed, and this particular study was performed
2995:
1274:
The Nepal Health Professional Council (NHPC) is the legislative body for registering, accrediting, developing & enforcing quality assurance of Health Professionals, including Radiographers, in Nepal.
639:
Generally, imaging modalities are all diagnostic, all have the potential to be used therapeutically in order to deliver an intervention. Modalities (or specialities) include but are not limited to:
1230:), certifying that the Institution from where the qualification was obtained is equivalently accredited and indicate the level of qualification in accordance to the Malta Qualifications Framework.
3510:
1627:
precautions must be employed to reduce the risk of infection. Those with family health histories reported feeling increased amount of stress due to concern of bringing infectious diseases home.
2973:
DIRECTIVE 2005/36/EC OF THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND OF THE COUNCIL of 7 September 2005 on the recognition of professional qualifications (Text with EEA relevance), Retrieved on 7 February 2018
3464:
3656:
Preston, D. L.; Kitahara, C. M.; Freedman, D. M.; Sigurdson, A. J.; Simon, S. L.; Little, M. P.; Cahoon, E. K.; Rajaraman, P.; Miller, J. S.; Alexander, B. H.; Doody, M. M. (October 2016).
3599:
Preston, D. L.; Kitahara, C. M.; Freedman, D. M.; Sigurdson, A. J.; Simon, S. L.; Little, M. P.; Cahoon, E. K.; Rajaraman, P.; Miller, J. S.; Alexander, B. H.; Doody, M. M. (October 2016).
1831:
530:
filed (in 1960) a document with the USSR State Committee for Inventions and Discovery at Leningrad for a Magnetic Resonance Imaging device, although this was not approved until the 1970s.
366:
There are conflicting accounts of his discovery because Röntgen had his lab notes burned after his death, but this is a likely reconstruction by his biographers: Röntgen was investigating
1356:
hospitals. These strikes (when it is not a response on its own) often trigger a response from the Nigerian Medical Association who will also table some requests for the medical doctors.
1154:
Radiographer in the ROI. Applications for registration with qualifications outside of this are considered on an individual basis; typically this includes most international applicants.
904:
deals with imaging diseases or defects or abnormalities of the female genital and reproductive organs (ovaries, fallopian tubes, vagina, uterus, cervix, clitoris, labia, and breasts).
386:
900:
is the use of ultrasonography to track the course of a pregnancy and detect certain embryonic or fetal malformations or diseases, which may be genetic and/or hereditary in nature.
406:
on 11 January 1896, when he radiographed a needle stuck in the hand of an associate. On 14 February 1896, Hall-Edwards also became the first to use X-rays in a surgical operation.
421:
tested all of the discharge tubes in the physics laboratory and found that only the Pulyui tube produced X-rays. This was a result of Pulyui's inclusion of an oblique "target" of
1400:. As a result, all of these titles are protected titles within the United Kingdom and can not be used by any persons who has not undertaken formal study and registered with the
865:
Uses radioactive tracers which can be administered to examine how the body and organs function. Certain radioisotopes can also be administered to treat certain cancers, such as
2540:
1433:
1348:
and a PhD programme in the profession. There is a recent rise in the number of radiographers available in the country unlike the situation of shortage between 2000 – 2010.
1527:
currently accredited RRA programs is maintained by the ARRT and can be accessed online. Candidates for the RRA certification must possess a bachelor's degree at minimum.
1770:
2984:
Flow Chart Recognition of Qualifications Establishment, professions ex TITLE III, CH. I 'GENERAL SYSTEM PROFESSIONS' – Directive 2005/36/EC, Retrieved on 7 January 2018
329:'s existence (1897 to the 1930s), there was no standardized differentiation between the roles that we now differentiate as radiologic technologist (a technician in an
3013:
715:
Provides cross-sectional views (slices) of the body; can also reconstruct additional images from those taken to provide more information in either 2D or pseudo-3D.
2993:
4715:
4399:
2677:
1419:. The union has been heavily involved in extending practice of Radiographers in the United Kingdom and has helped expand the role of the Radiographer greatly.
994:– A managerial role concerned with monitoring the level of ionising radiation absorbed by anyone who comes into contact with ionising radiation at their site.
4529:
1515:
1514:
this standard. Continuing formal education or the passing of an advanced practice speciality exam may also be accepted for continuing education credit. The
446:
When new diagnostic tests were developed, it was natural for the radiographers to be trained in and to adopt this new technology. Radiographers now perform
4541:
2960:
4869:
3542:
3496:
3262:
3236:
985:
977:
844:
3517:
2091:
Erik Odeblad; Baidya Nath Bhar; Gunnar Lindström (July 1956). "Proton magnetic resonance of human red blood cells in heavy water exchange experiments".
2138:"20-03 – The history of MR imaging – MRI NMR Magnetic Resonance • Essentials, introduction, basic principles, facts, history – The primer of EMRF/TRTF"
4141:
2558:
4977:
3471:
1271:
in pipeline. Until recently, therapeutic radiography courses have not been taught in Nepal; radiation therapists are predominantly trained abroad.
4507:
2874:
2093:
610:
Contrary to what could be inferred, radiographers conduct and contribute to investigations which are not necessarily radiological in nature, e.g.
3338:
2776:
1704:
4512:
3658:"Breast cancer risk and protracted low-to-moderate dose occupational radiation exposure in the US Radiologic Technologists Cohort, 1983–2008"
3601:"Breast cancer risk and protracted low-to-moderate dose occupational radiation exposure in the US Radiologic Technologists Cohort, 1983–2008"
495:
3556:
Yoshinaga, S.; Mabuchi, K.; Sigurdson, A. J.; Doody, M. M.; Ron, E. (2004). "Cancer Risks among Radiologists and Radiologic Technologists".
2590:
1839:
2856:
2758:
2327:
1416:
1389:
1255:
1597:
can cause physiological changes. After a human neural cell culture was exposed to a static magnetic field for 15 minutes, changes in cell
914:
Surgical Radiographer, Surgical Technologist, Theatre Radiographer, Theatre Technologist, Trauma & Orthopaedics (T&O) Radiographer
282:
and private healthcare and can be physically located in any setting where appropriate diagnostic equipment is located, most frequently in
1215:
A recent (six months) verification certificate of current registration and good standing with the council the person are registered with.
4353:
1401:
808:
Uses low dose ionising radiation systems to produce images for the diagnosis and/or staging of breast disease, primarily breast cancer.
3902:"Effects of Occupational Radiation Exposure on Job Stress and Job Burnout of Medical Staff in Xinjiang, China: A Cross-Sectional Study"
5075:
4905:
4784:
4524:
4433:
1870:
1811:
3031:
4363:
3312:
2337:
1289:
cancelled. A voluntary register has been set up in consultation with the Health Care Inspectorate: the Paramedics Quality Register.
4051:
1196:
Original or authenticated copies of the following documents (English versions): a. Birth and marriage (if applicable) certificates.
441:
opened a radiographic laboratory in the United Kingdom in 1896, before the dangers of ionizing radiation were discovered. Indeed,
4348:
4343:
4226:
3196:
NHS England: Changes in medicines legislation for Dietitians, Orthoptists and Therapeutic Radiographers. Retrieved on 2016-10-29.
2982:
2622:
1721:
1612:
can deform cells in the imaging field, if those cells are in a fluid. However, this effect is not sufficient to damage the cells.
1337:
1243:
587:
Enforcement of radiation protection (There is a duty of care to patients, colleagues and any lay persons that may be irradiated.)
2928:
2155:
4428:
4411:
1778:
1111:
438:
4789:
4636:
4536:
4519:
2438:
3412:
3011:
2962:
REQUIREMENTS FOR REGISTRATION WITH THE COUNCIL FOR THE PROFESSIONS COMPLEMENTARY TO MEDICINE], Retrieved on 7 February 2018
2518:
4915:
4769:
4368:
4243:
4235:
4134:
1620:
1532:
1392:
is the professional body and union for UK radiographers. In the United Kingdom, there is ambiguity in the use of the term
5026:
4960:
4892:
4882:
4860:
4631:
4599:
4230:
2816:
Formulier om met een buitenlands diploma een erkenning aan the vragen voor een paramedish beroep, retrieved on 7/02/2018
1990:
Lauterbur PC (1973). "Image Formation by Induced Local Interactions: Examples of Employing Nuclear Magnetic Resonance".
1053:
981:
848:
684:
Imaging of the cardiovascular system, may be diagnostic or therapeutic in nature. Is utilised under the specialities of
527:
46:
2971:
2402:
2054:
Odeblad E; Lindström G (1955). "Some preliminary observations on the proton magnetic resonance in biological samples".
4690:
4658:
4641:
901:
795:
Mammographer, Mammography Radiographer, Mammography Technologist, Mammographic Radiographer, Mammographic Technologist
771:
Fluoroscoper, Fluoroscopy Radiographer, Fluoroscopy Technologist, Fluoroscopic Radiographer, Fluoroscopic Technologist
293:
which aims to give direction to the profession as a whole through collaboration with national representative bodies.
4114:
4764:
4499:
4239:
3142:
1103:
813:
615:
491:
487:
467:
1352:
charge of specific Fluoroscopic cases where the radiographer assists only with positioning and image acquisition.
5005:
4673:
4663:
1567:, the shields used in medical imaging are coated to prevent lead exposure and are regularly tested for integrity.
1147:
1082:
The person have obtained their degree in one of the countries of the European Economic Area (EEA) or Switzerland.
1000:– A clinical role involved with interpretation of radiographs and various other radiological media for diagnosis.
897:
330:
275:
949:
Non-imaging modalities vary, and are often undertaken in addition to imaging modalities. They commonly include:
937:
Prefixes such as pediatric, geriatric, trauma are routinely placed used in conjunction with professional titles.
259:
in the clinical environment; this phrase has emerged in popular culture such as television programmes. The term
5044:
4995:
4774:
4653:
4626:
4387:
4172:
4127:
2843:
1886:
685:
224:
89:
3240:
3206:
2174:
5080:
4943:
4779:
4720:
4705:
4594:
4416:
4392:
2701:"An investigation into the use of radiographer abnormality detection systems by Queensland public hospitals"
974:– Multidisciplinary role ensuring the correct calibration of and most efficient use of diagnostic equipment.
962:– Clinical managerial role which can be varied; may include managing audits, rotas, department budgets, etc.
917:
1344:
who have undergone the initial 5-year Radiography program before proceeding to the Radiotherapy training.
570:
to assess patients, develop optimum radiological techniques and evaluate the resulting radiographic media.
5000:
4814:
4683:
4614:
4421:
3386:
3111:
3080:
3049:
1234:
1079:
The person have a diploma of their healthcare profession and want to practice their profession in Belgium.
360:
2664:
4678:
4609:
4475:
4358:
4277:
4184:
2904:
738:
Utilises ionising radiation in the examination of internal organs, bones, cavities and foreign objects.
4076:
3183:
2872:
286:. The practice varies from country to country and can even vary between hospitals in the same country.
2554:
1186:
has to declare whether he or she is registered with another Health Care Profession Register in Malta.
5070:
5021:
4710:
4648:
4470:
3856:
3712:
2631:
2473:
2366:
2299:
2229:
2186:
2001:
1748:
1598:
1553:
1396:
as this does not differentiate between Therapeutic Radiographers (also known as Radiotherapists) and
1341:
1238:
991:
511:
156:
127:
3346:
3110:
Piper, K.; Cox, S.; Paterson, A.; Thomas, A.; Thomas, N.; Jeyagopal, N.; Woznitza, N. (1 May 2014).
4967:
4845:
4668:
4404:
1702:
1616:
1227:
1138:
1119:
720:
697:
451:
268:
200:
131:
1544:
Epidemiological studies indicate that Radiographers employed before 1950 are at increased risk of
5065:
4955:
4804:
4799:
4700:
4583:
4438:
4189:
4033:
3581:
3050:"Optimizing patient care in radiology through team-working: A case study from the United Kingdom"
2594:
2497:
2245:
2202:
2017:
1560:
431:
2854:
2755:
1237:
countries, once the application is submitted, it will follow the regulations established on the
980:– Managerial role concerned with maintaining and supervising appropriate and correct use of the
841:
Nuclear Medicine Radiographer, Nuclear Medicine Technologist, RNI Radiographer, RNI Technologist
355:
2915:
1085:
Or the person's diploma is equivalent in a country of the EEA and they are a European national.
313:
4794:
4759:
4754:
4695:
4443:
4292:
4025:
4017:
3978:
3970:
3939:
3921:
3882:
3825:
3748:
3695:
3677:
3638:
3620:
3573:
3536:
3490:
3256:
2935:
Working as a Radiographer in Malta – The Council for the Professions Complementary to Medicine
2738:
2720:
2647:
2534:
2489:
2384:
2333:
2268:
2110:
2073:
1974:
1943:
1935:
1866:
1807:
1624:
1507:
1491:
1463:
1115:
1029:
965:
499:
418:
399:
279:
240:
3767:
1801:
538:
subjects. In 1968, Jackson and Langham published the first NMR signals from a living animal.
4732:
4621:
4480:
4252:
4204:
4009:
3929:
3913:
3872:
3864:
3815:
3805:
3738:
3685:
3669:
3628:
3612:
3565:
3194:
3123:
3092:
3061:
2728:
2712:
2639:
2617:
2572:
2481:
2374:
2307:
2237:
2194:
2102:
2065:
2056:
2009:
1992:
1925:
1571:
1123:
836:
831:
Uses magnetic resonance and radiofrequency pulses for static, dynamic and function imaging.
743:
463:
160:
4830:
4282:
4248:
4221:
4216:
4150:
3146:
3035:
3029:
3017:
2999:
2932:
2878:
2860:
2780:
2762:
1708:
1495:
1487:
1479:
971:
326:
228:
180:
3368:
3316:
1189:
Below is a list of the documents needed for a professional to register with the council:
3860:
3442:
3294:
2635:
2477:
2370:
2303:
2233:
2190:
2005:
1028:
Please expand the article to include this information. Further details may exist on the
892:
Images anatomy and related pathology (such as cancer or cardiopulmonary diseases) using
4972:
3958:
3934:
3901:
3877:
3844:
3690:
3657:
3633:
3600:
2774:
2733:
2700:
1579:
1575:
1564:
1503:
1415:
The professional body and workers union for Radiographers in the United Kingdom is the
1246:
explaining this procedure for EEA applicants can be found on the government's website.
866:
410:
375:
3996:
Shields, Melissa; James, Daphne; McCormack, Lynne; Warren-Forward, Helen (June 2021).
3820:
3793:
522:
produced a one-dimensional NMR spectrum as reported in his Harvard PhD thesis. In the
434:
obtained from Howard Langill, a local photographer also interested in Röntgen's work.
5059:
4604:
4573:
4561:
4556:
4314:
4209:
4037:
2926:
2106:
671:
555:
476:
343:
289:
Radiographers are represented by a variety of organizations worldwide, including the
232:
3900:
Zhang, Zhe; Lu, Yaoqin; Yong, Xianting; Li, Jianwen; Liu, Jiwen (24 December 2020).
3585:
3112:"Chest reporting by radiographers: Findings of an accredited postgraduate programme"
2501:
2249:
2206:
4987:
4840:
4835:
4742:
4566:
4551:
4485:
2944:
2021:
1499:
1376:
1098:
Similar to other countries, they work within the areas of radiography diagnostics (
547:
523:
379:
367:
318:
119:
3081:"MRI reporting by radiographers: Findings of an accredited postgraduate programme"
2485:
3743:
3726:
2442:
1364:
where all radiographers are directly answerable to their Chief, and not the HOD.
4910:
4465:
4297:
4287:
4267:
4257:
4199:
4194:
4163:
3845:"Deformation of biological cells in the acoustic field of an oscillating bubble"
3420:
1690:
1583:
1549:
1107:
790:
766:
662:
519:
507:
455:
447:
442:
426:
371:
351:
334:
308:
196:
111:
17:
4013:
3868:
3127:
3096:
3065:
879:
Sonographer, Ultrasound Radiographer, Ultrasound Technologist, Ultrasonographer
748:
Sonographer, Ultrasound Radiographer, Ultrasound Technologist, Ultrasonographer
417:'s design. In January 1896, on reading of Röntgen's discovery, Frank Austin of
4546:
4309:
4304:
4272:
3998:"Burnout in the disciplines of medical radiation science: A systematic review"
3569:
2137:
2069:
2036:
1930:
1913:
1666:
1609:
1455:
959:
893:
874:
689:
611:
559:
515:
459:
414:
403:
123:
4021:
3974:
3925:
3681:
3624:
3387:"R.R.A. FAQs | ARRT - the American Registry of Radiologic Technologists"
2724:
2519:"A SHORT HISTORY OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING FROM A EUROPEAN POINT OF VIEW"
2420:
2241:
1939:
4873:
4809:
4262:
3997:
2406:
2272:
1483:
1467:
997:
567:
563:
338:
283:
244:
236:
184:
135:
115:
31:
4115:
International Society of Radiographers and Radiologic Technologists (ISRRT)
4029:
3982:
3943:
3886:
3829:
3810:
3794:"Biological effects of exposure to magnetic resonance imaging: an overview"
3752:
3699:
3642:
3577:
2742:
2493:
2388:
2198:
2114:
2077:
1014:
104:
The use of technology to produce diagnostically useful radiographic media.
2845:
UCD: Graduate studies in diagnostic imaging. Retrieved on 28 October 2014.
2792:
2651:
1947:
1049:
Education varies worldwide due to legal limitations on scope of practice.
247:. Radiographers are infrequently, and almost always erroneously, known as
4896:
3673:
3616:
2756:
Royal College of Radiologists: Radiographer performed Hysterosalpingogram
1603:
1545:
1099:
953:
3917:
3140:
2906:, Registering as a Radiographer in Ireland, retrieved on 7 February 2018
1178:
registration with the council for professions complementary to Medicine
4925:
4328:
3295:"Earn CE Credits – American Society of Radiologic Technologists (ASRT)"
2220:
Hahn, E. L. (1950). "Nuclear Induction Due to Free Larmor Precession".
2156:"Europe celebrates the forgotten pioneer of MRI: Dr. Erik Odeblad"
1475:
1471:
1459:
1451:
1324:
1026:
about country specific radiographer roles and educational requirements.
924:
909:
859:
802:
778:
732:
709:
678:
551:
143:
139:
107:
3276:
3159:
2643:
2312:
2287:
1960:
Ritchey, B; Orban, B: "The Crests of the Interdental Alveolar Septa,"
4920:
2814:
2716:
2013:
1587:
852:
705:
Computed Tomography (CT) (incl. MDCT/MSCT, EBCT, Sequential CT, etc.)
354:
can both be traced to 8 November 1895, when German physics professor
291:
International Society of Radiographers and Radiological Technologists
3020:
SCoR: Education approval and accreditation. Retrieved on 2014-10-25.
2379:
2354:
1890:
584:
Contribute to and participate in continuing professional development
51:
A radiographer with a radiographic examination table and X-Ray tube.
1157:
The professional body representing Radiographers in the ROI is the
479:
words for "shadow" and "writer") was used until about 1918 to mean
4947:
4158:
4119:
2794:
Regulated healthcare professions in Belgium, retrieved on 7/2/2018
667:
Angiographer, Angiography Technologist, Angigographic Technologist
385:
312:
3214:
1803:
Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen and the early history of the roentgen rays
1570:
Radiographers who develop x-ray films are exposed to the various
930:
Images anatomy and related pathology during surgical procedures.
670:
Fluoroscopy and/or Image Intensification Radiography mostly with
2881:
CORU, Radiographer Guidance Notes. Retrieved on 28 October 2014.
1380:
qualified X-Ray Technicians and can commence clinical practice.
886:
825:
755:
422:
297:
4123:
3390:
2890:
2803:
2332:. Vol. 1. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley and Sons. 1996. p. 253.
409:
The United States saw its first medical X-ray obtained using a
3727:"Metabisulphite-induced occupational asthma in a radiographer"
3443:"Become a Radiologist Assistant: Education and Career Roadmap"
2917:, CORU registration requirements, retrieved on 7 February 2018
1594:
1008:
725:
Diagnostic Radiographer, Radiographer, Radiologic Technologist
3048:
Woznitza, N.; Piper, K.; Rowe, S.; West, C. (1 August 2014).
2863:
NUIG: Your path to Radiography. Retrieved on 28 October 2014.
1218:
A secure English Language test (SELT) for foreign applicants.
4110:
Irish Institute of Radiography and Radiation Therapy (IIRRT)
1832:"'I Have Seen My Death': How the World Discovered the X-Ray"
1711:
ISRRT: Statutes word document. Retrieved on 28 October 2014.
1159:
Irish Institute of Radiography and Radiation Therapy (IIRRT)
855:(all with or without the involvement of Radioactive Tracers)
4052:"The Time to Combat Radiologic Technologist Burnout is Now"
761:
Utilises 2D, 3D and Doppler Sonography to image the heart.
437:
X-rays were put to diagnostic use very early; for example,
2464:
Singer RJ (1959). "Blood-flow rates by NMR measurements".
1434:
Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency (MHRA)
3079:
Piper, Keith; Buscall, Kaie; Thomas, Nigel (1 May 2010).
398:
The first use of X-rays under clinical conditions was by
3185:
HCPC: Medicine and Prescribing. Retrieved on 2014-10-25.
2265:
Free Precession Techniques in Nuclear Magnetic Resonance
853:
Positron Emission Tomography Computed Tomography(PET-CT)
4109:
3038:
SCoR: A Career in Radiography. Retrieved on 2014-10-25.
2678:"17. Professional responsibilities of the radiographer"
2521:. emrf.org. Archived from the original on 13 April 2007
1652:
1443:
In the United States, these professionals are known as
599:
Safe, efficient and correct use of diagnostic equipment
4104:
2573:"In Focus – First MAGNETOM scanner in the USA in 1983"
1863:
Taming the Rays: a history of radiation and protection
546:
A radiographer uses their expertise and knowledge of
1914:"The first clinical X-ray made in America—100 years"
1615:
As with any allied health professional, exposure to
1593:
Theoretically, the strong static magnetic fields of
5014:
4986:
4942:
4891:
4868:
4858:
4823:
4740:
4731:
4582:
4498:
4458:
4377:
4336:
4327:
4171:
4157:
1771:"5 unbelievable things about X-rays you can't miss"
1327:, these professionals are generally referred to as
1254:As a developing country, the health care sector in
818:
MR Radiographer, MR Technologist, Neuroradiographer
702:
CT Radiographer, CT Technologist, Neuroradiographer
190:
171:
149:
100:
95:
83:
73:
61:
56:
845:Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography (SPECT)
4002:Journal of Medical Imaging and Radiation Sciences
3959:"Technologist Stressors and Supportive Responses"
2267:(PhD thesis). Cambridge, MA: Harvard University.
2132:
2130:
2128:
2126:
2124:
164:
3715:. Hps.org (2011-08-27). Retrieved on 2012-01-27.
2827:"BERUFENET – Berufsinformationen einfach finden"
2667:, prospects.ac.uk. Retrieved on 29 October 2014.
2539:: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (
837:Nuclear Medicine (NM)/Radionuclide Imaging (RNI)
692:within a Cath Lab (Catheterisation Laboratory).
3768:"Legal Issues in Radiography: Darkroom Disease"
2699:Murphy, Andrew; Neep, Michael (29 April 2018).
2421:"Патенты автора ИВАНОВ ВЛАДИСЛАВ АЛЕКСАНДРОВИЧ"
1199:Identification document such as ID or Passport.
163:), or diploma in less developed countries; see
4077:"Reducing Injuries in Radiology Technologists"
2892:IIRRT: About us. Retrieved on 28 October 2014.
2783:Angiom Alliance. Retrieved on 29 October 2014.
1075:It is possible to request the recognition if:
490:includes many researchers who have discovered
4135:
3792:Formica, Domenico; Silvestri, Sergio (2004).
8:
1686:
1684:
1516:American Society of Radiologic Technologists
940:This list of technologies is not exhaustive.
39:
1417:Society and College of Radiographers (SCoR)
1338:Radiographers Registration Board of Nigeria
4865:
4747:
4737:
4333:
4177:
4168:
4142:
4128:
4120:
2355:"Russian claims first in magnetic imaging"
2329:Encyclopedia of Nuclear Magnetic Resonance
641:
590:Justification of radiographic examinations
3933:
3876:
3819:
3809:
3742:
3689:
3632:
3149:SCoR: Reporting. Retrieved on 2014-10-25.
2946:Radiography, Retrieved on 7 February 2018
2732:
2378:
2311:
1929:
1889:. Birmingham City Council. Archived from
1667:""Grey's Anatomy" (2205) – Episodes Cast"
1212:Institution being the university/College.
255:they are often informally referred to as
4978:Orthogonal polarization spectral imaging
2665:Diagnostic Radiographer: Job description
1552:, most likely due to the lack of use of
2513:
2511:
2094:Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics
1749:"The Nobel Prizes in Physics 1901–2000"
1645:
656:
498:, but it is regarded to be invented by
3766:Batch, James; Nowlan, Patrick (2003).
3541:: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (
3534:
3495:: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (
3488:
3261:: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (
3254:
2956:
2954:
2952:
2900:
2898:
2532:
1979:. Electrical World. 1896. p. 372.
38:
2705:Journal of Medical Radiation Sciences
2616:Jackson JA; Langham WH (April 1968).
1825:
1823:
1806:. Norman Publishing. pp. 10–15.
1747:Karlsson, Erik B. (9 February 2000).
1450:Radiologic Technology students study
1205:Professional Document Diploma/Degree.
7:
3713:Lead Garments (Aprons, Gloves, etc.)
1655:. Camrt.ca. Retrieved on 2012-01-27.
1256:Federal Democratic Republic of Nepal
2805:Geschiedenis, retrieved on 7/2/2018
1830:Markel, Howard (20 December 2012).
1621:Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)
1402:Health and Care Professions Council
1158:
1142:
798:Mammographic Plain Film Radiography
4785:Sestamibi parathyroid scintigraphy
3843:Zinin, Pavel; Allen, John (2009).
1202:Recent Police Conduct certificate.
25:
3160:"BNF is only available in the UK"
1918:American Journal of Roentgenology
1751:. Stockholm: The Nobel Foundation
602:Supervise students and assistants
534:Alexander Ganssen in early 1967.
317:Taking an X-ray image with early
5040:
5039:
2623:Review of Scientific Instruments
2405:. 17 August 2005. Archived from
2403:"Известия Науки – Научная жизнь"
1208:Letters of Reference in English.
1013:
923:
885:
858:
824:
821:Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)
801:
777:
754:
731:
708:
677:
581:Accountability as a professional
251:In countries that use the title
45:
4542:Cholangiopancreatography (MRCP)
2765:. Retrieved on 29 October 2014.
2591:"Nachruf auf Alexander Ganssen"
2353:MacWilliams B (November 2003).
1557:the current prevention methods.
1284:The Quality Register Paramedics
1112:digital subtraction angiography
648:Examples of Professional Titles
439:Alan Archibald Campbell-Swinton
333:who obtains the images) versus
325:For the first three decades of
221:medical radiation technologists
4790:Radioactive iodine uptake test
2680:. The Society of Radiographers
2439:"Best Regards to Alfred Nobel"
2288:"Field Gradients in Early MRI"
2041:Magnetic Resonance in Medicine
1141:(ROI) must be registered with
791:Mammography/Breast Radiography
596:Production of diagnostic media
425:, used for holding samples of
383:to affect the film behind it.
1:
4770:Radionuclide ventriculography
4244:Lower gastrointestinal series
4236:Upper gastrointestinal series
3957:Kasner, Sydney (1 May 2020).
3798:BioMedical Engineering OnLine
2618:"Whole-body NMR spectrometer"
2486:10.1126/science.130.3389.1652
2286:Carr, Herman Y. (July 2004).
1533:American College of Radiology
882:2D, 3D and Doppler Sonography
751:2D, 3D and Doppler Sonography
4961:Optical coherence tomography
4883:Myocardial perfusion imaging
4471:Dental panoramic radiography
3744:10.1183/09031936.05.00024304
3731:European Respiratory Journal
2107:10.1016/0003-9861(56)90025-X
1492:emergency medical procedures
1221:Curriculum Vitae in English.
1054:Limited radiology technician
1005:Education and role variation
910:Surgical/Theatre Radiography
849:Positron Emission Tomography
728:Plain Film Radiography (PFD)
165:Education and Role Variation
2831:berufenet.arbeitsagentur.de
1340:. The board also registers
902:Gynecologic ultrasonography
432:gelatin photographic plates
374:screen painted with barium
276:allied health professionals
5097:
4765:Ventilation/perfusion scan
4240:Small-bowel follow-through
4014:10.1016/j.jmir.2021.04.001
3869:10.1103/PhysRevE.79.021910
3445:. Study.com. 28 April 2020
3128:10.1016/j.radi.2014.01.003
3097:10.1016/j.radi.2009.10.017
3066:10.1016/j.radi.2014.02.007
3002:CAT – Career Advisory Tool
1912:Spiegel, Peter K. (1995).
1496:medical imaging techniques
1488:radiologic instrumentation
1104:magnetic resonance imaging
1051:
875:Sonography/Ultrasonography
814:Magnetic Resonance Imaging
616:magnetic resonance imaging
578:Autonomy as a professional
488:magnetic resonance imaging
468:magnetic resonance imaging
350:Radiography's origins and
309:Radiography § History
306:
295:
29:
5076:Allied health professions
5035:
5006:Dynamic angiothermography
4750:
4674:Abdominal ultrasonography
4180:
3662:British Journal of Cancer
3605:British Journal of Cancer
3570:10.1148/radiol.2332031119
2070:10.3109/00016925509172514
1931:10.2214/ajr.164.1.7998549
1887:"Major John Hall-Edwards"
1586:. These agents can cause
1148:University College Dublin
898:Obstetric ultrasonography
346:that are specific to it.
44:
4996:Non-contact thermography
4775:Radionuclide angiography
4627:Doppler echocardiography
3912:: e927848–1–e927848-13.
3775:Legal Issues in Business
3207:"Education Requirements"
2242:10.1103/physrev.77.297.2
1722:"History of Radiography"
1590:and other health issues.
1445:Radiologic Technologists
1398:Diagnostic Radiographers
1233:For applicants from the
686:Interventional radiology
331:allied health profession
265:therapeutic radiographer
225:healthcare professionals
217:diagnostic radiographers
213:radiologic technologists
90:Allied health profession
67:Diagnostic Radiographer,
30:Not to be confused with
4780:Radioisotope renography
3906:Medical Science Monitor
3369:"Radiologist Assistant"
3339:"Radiologist Assistant"
3016:26 October 2014 at the
2998:28 October 2014 at the
2877:29 October 2014 at the
2859:29 October 2014 at the
2761:30 October 2014 at the
1865:. lulu.com. p. 3.
1861:Meggitt, Geoff (2008).
1728:. Iowa State University
1707:29 October 2014 at the
918:X-ray image intensifier
514:were first detected by
253:radiologic technologist
69:Radiologic Technologist
27:Healthcare professional
4815:Gastric emptying study
3811:10.1186/1475-925X-3-11
2199:10.1103/PhysRev.80.580
2142:magnetic-resonance.org
1800:Glasser, Otto (1993).
1619:is likely, and use of
1235:European Economic Area
1024:is missing information
945:Non-imaging modalities
721:Diagnostic Radiography
663:Angiography/Venography
496:its underlying physics
391:
361:Nobel Prize in Physics
322:
321:apparatus, late 1800s.
227:who specialise in the
179:Healthcare, Military,
106:Requires knowledge of
4476:X-ray motion analysis
4359:X-ray microtomography
4278:Hysterosalpingography
4185:Pneumoencephalography
3963:Radiologic Technology
3413:"ARRT Authentication"
3034:16 March 2015 at the
2931:21 March 2018 at the
2263:Carr, Herman (1952).
1838:. PBS. Archived from
1333:Medical Radiographers
1052:Further information:
998:Reporting Radiography
389:
352:fluoroscopy's origins
316:
296:Further information:
167:for more information.
5001:Contact thermography
4711:Emergency ultrasound
4649:Transcranial Doppler
4400:Abdominal and pelvis
3674:10.1038/bjc.2016.292
3617:10.1038/bjc.2016.292
3145:26 July 2014 at the
2779:4 March 2016 at the
2160:AuntMinnieEurope.com
2037:"The history of MRI"
1976:The Electrical world
1893:on 28 September 2012
1554:radiation monitoring
1239:Directive 2005/36/EC
1120:radiation dosimeters
992:Radiation Protection
512:free induction decay
390:The first radiograph
263:can also refer to a
157:undergraduate degree
128:Radiation Protection
4968:Confocal microscopy
4846:Indium-111 WBC scan
4669:Echoencephalography
4405:Virtual colonoscopy
3918:10.12659/MSM.927848
3861:2009PhRvE..79b1910Z
3725:Merget, R. (2005).
2636:1968RScI...39..510J
2478:1959Sci...130.1652S
2472:(3389): 1652–1653.
2445:on 13 December 2009
2371:2003Natur.426..375M
2304:2004PhT....57g..83C
2234:1950PhRv...77..297H
2191:1950PhRv...80..580H
2173:Hahn, E.L. (1950).
2006:1973Natur.242..190L
1781:on 24 December 2020
1726:NDT Resource Center
1617:infectious diseases
1139:Republic of Ireland
960:Clinical Management
698:Computed Tomography
452:computed tomography
404:Birmingham, England
363:for his discovery.
269:radiation therapist
201:Radiation therapist
41:
4956:Optical tomography
4805:Dacryoscintigraphy
4800:Immunoscintigraphy
4439:Whole body imaging
4190:Dental radiography
4056:Diagnostic Imaging
2409:on 17 August 2005.
1610:Ultrasound imaging
1561:Ionising radiation
635:Imaging modalities
542:Role in healthcare
392:
323:
274:Radiographers are
267:, also known as a
249:x-ray technicians.
151:Education required
5053:
5052:
5015:Target conditions
4938:
4937:
4934:
4933:
4854:
4853:
4795:Bone scintigraphy
4760:Scintimammography
4755:Cholescintigraphy
4600:contrast-enhanced
4494:
4493:
4454:
4453:
4444:Full-body CT scan
4344:General operation
4323:
4322:
4293:Angiocardiography
3849:Physical Review E
3423:on 19 August 2014
3393:on 19 August 2014
3349:on 19 August 2014
3313:"ARRT CE Credits"
3243:on 19 August 2014
3217:on 19 August 2014
2644:10.1063/1.1683420
2425:www.findpatent.ru
2313:10.1063/1.1784322
2035:Rinck PA (2014).
1842:on 20 August 2020
1625:infection control
1522:Expanded practice
1508:general chemistry
1464:radiopharmacology
1423:Expanded practice
1373:X-Ray Technicians
1116:radiation therapy
1047:
1046:
966:Clinical Research
956:– Education role.
934:
933:
500:Paul C. Lauterbur
419:Dartmouth College
400:John Hall-Edwards
280:public healthcare
278:who work in both
206:
205:
16:(Redirected from
5088:
5043:
5042:
4866:
4748:
4738:
4622:Echocardiography
4481:Hounsfield scale
4334:
4253:Cholecystography
4178:
4169:
4144:
4137:
4130:
4121:
4092:
4091:
4089:
4087:
4073:
4067:
4066:
4064:
4062:
4048:
4042:
4041:
3993:
3987:
3986:
3954:
3948:
3947:
3937:
3897:
3891:
3890:
3880:
3840:
3834:
3833:
3823:
3813:
3789:
3783:
3782:
3772:
3763:
3757:
3756:
3746:
3722:
3716:
3710:
3704:
3703:
3693:
3668:(9): 1105–1112.
3653:
3647:
3646:
3636:
3611:(9): 1105–1112.
3596:
3590:
3589:
3553:
3547:
3546:
3540:
3532:
3530:
3528:
3522:
3516:. Archived from
3515:
3507:
3501:
3500:
3494:
3486:
3484:
3482:
3476:
3470:. Archived from
3469:
3461:
3455:
3454:
3452:
3450:
3439:
3433:
3432:
3430:
3428:
3419:. Archived from
3409:
3403:
3402:
3400:
3398:
3389:. Archived from
3383:
3377:
3376:
3365:
3359:
3358:
3356:
3354:
3345:. Archived from
3335:
3329:
3328:
3326:
3324:
3315:. Archived from
3309:
3303:
3302:
3291:
3285:
3284:
3273:
3267:
3266:
3260:
3252:
3250:
3248:
3239:. Archived from
3233:
3227:
3226:
3224:
3222:
3213:. Archived from
3203:
3197:
3192:
3186:
3181:
3175:
3174:
3172:
3170:
3156:
3150:
3138:
3132:
3131:
3107:
3101:
3100:
3076:
3070:
3069:
3045:
3039:
3027:
3021:
3009:
3003:
2991:
2985:
2980:
2974:
2969:
2963:
2958:
2947:
2942:
2936:
2924:
2918:
2913:
2907:
2902:
2893:
2888:
2882:
2870:
2864:
2852:
2846:
2841:
2835:
2834:
2823:
2817:
2812:
2806:
2801:
2795:
2790:
2784:
2772:
2766:
2753:
2747:
2746:
2736:
2717:10.1002/jmrs.278
2696:
2690:
2689:
2687:
2685:
2674:
2668:
2662:
2656:
2655:
2613:
2607:
2606:
2604:
2602:
2593:. Archived from
2587:
2581:
2580:
2569:
2563:
2562:
2561:
2557:
2551:
2545:
2544:
2538:
2530:
2528:
2526:
2515:
2506:
2505:
2461:
2455:
2454:
2452:
2450:
2441:. Archived from
2435:
2429:
2428:
2417:
2411:
2410:
2399:
2393:
2392:
2382:
2350:
2344:
2343:
2324:
2318:
2317:
2315:
2283:
2277:
2276:
2260:
2254:
2253:
2217:
2211:
2210:
2170:
2164:
2163:
2152:
2146:
2145:
2134:
2119:
2118:
2088:
2082:
2081:
2057:Acta Radiologica
2051:
2045:
2044:
2032:
2026:
2025:
2014:10.1038/242190a0
1987:
1981:
1980:
1971:
1965:
1958:
1952:
1951:
1933:
1909:
1903:
1902:
1900:
1898:
1883:
1877:
1876:
1858:
1852:
1851:
1849:
1847:
1827:
1818:
1817:
1797:
1791:
1790:
1788:
1786:
1777:. Archived from
1767:
1761:
1760:
1758:
1756:
1744:
1738:
1737:
1735:
1733:
1718:
1712:
1700:
1694:
1688:
1679:
1678:
1676:
1674:
1662:
1656:
1650:
1572:chemical hazards
1360:more lucrative.
1193:Application Form
1124:nuclear medicine
1042:
1039:
1033:
1017:
1009:
968:– Research role.
927:
889:
862:
828:
805:
781:
758:
744:Echocardiography
735:
712:
681:
642:
528:Vladislav Ivanov
464:nuclear medicine
211:, also known as
85:Activity sectors
49:
42:
21:
18:X-ray technician
5096:
5095:
5091:
5090:
5089:
5087:
5086:
5085:
5056:
5055:
5054:
5049:
5031:
5010:
4982:
4930:
4916:PET mammography
4887:
4850:
4836:Gallium-67 scan
4831:Octreotide scan
4819:
4727:
4578:
4490:
4450:
4373:
4354:High-resolution
4319:
4283:Skeletal survey
4249:Cholangiography
4162:
4153:
4151:Medical imaging
4148:
4101:
4096:
4095:
4085:
4083:
4075:
4074:
4070:
4060:
4058:
4050:
4049:
4045:
3995:
3994:
3990:
3956:
3955:
3951:
3899:
3898:
3894:
3842:
3841:
3837:
3791:
3790:
3786:
3770:
3765:
3764:
3760:
3724:
3723:
3719:
3711:
3707:
3655:
3654:
3650:
3598:
3597:
3593:
3555:
3554:
3550:
3533:
3526:
3524:
3523:on 4 April 2013
3520:
3513:
3511:"Archived copy"
3509:
3508:
3504:
3487:
3480:
3478:
3477:on 4 April 2013
3474:
3467:
3465:"Archived copy"
3463:
3462:
3458:
3448:
3446:
3441:
3440:
3436:
3426:
3424:
3411:
3410:
3406:
3396:
3394:
3385:
3384:
3380:
3367:
3366:
3362:
3352:
3350:
3337:
3336:
3332:
3322:
3320:
3311:
3310:
3306:
3293:
3292:
3288:
3275:
3274:
3270:
3253:
3246:
3244:
3237:"Archived copy"
3235:
3234:
3230:
3220:
3218:
3205:
3204:
3200:
3193:
3189:
3182:
3178:
3168:
3166:
3158:
3157:
3153:
3147:Wayback Machine
3139:
3135:
3109:
3108:
3104:
3078:
3077:
3073:
3047:
3046:
3042:
3036:Wayback Machine
3028:
3024:
3018:Wayback Machine
3010:
3006:
3000:Wayback Machine
2992:
2988:
2981:
2977:
2970:
2966:
2959:
2950:
2943:
2939:
2933:Wayback Machine
2925:
2921:
2914:
2910:
2903:
2896:
2889:
2885:
2879:Wayback Machine
2871:
2867:
2861:Wayback Machine
2853:
2849:
2842:
2838:
2825:
2824:
2820:
2813:
2809:
2802:
2798:
2791:
2787:
2781:Wayback Machine
2773:
2769:
2763:Wayback Machine
2754:
2750:
2698:
2697:
2693:
2683:
2681:
2676:
2675:
2671:
2663:
2659:
2615:
2614:
2610:
2600:
2598:
2589:
2588:
2584:
2577:www.siemens.com
2571:
2570:
2566:
2559:
2553:
2552:
2548:
2531:
2524:
2522:
2517:
2516:
2509:
2463:
2462:
2458:
2448:
2446:
2437:
2436:
2432:
2419:
2418:
2414:
2401:
2400:
2396:
2380:10.1038/426375a
2352:
2351:
2347:
2340:
2326:
2325:
2321:
2285:
2284:
2280:
2262:
2261:
2257:
2222:Physical Review
2219:
2218:
2214:
2179:Physical Review
2172:
2171:
2167:
2154:
2153:
2149:
2136:
2135:
2122:
2090:
2089:
2085:
2053:
2052:
2048:
2043:(8th ed.).
2034:
2033:
2029:
2000:(5394): 190–1.
1989:
1988:
1984:
1973:
1972:
1968:
1959:
1955:
1911:
1910:
1906:
1896:
1894:
1885:
1884:
1880:
1873:
1860:
1859:
1855:
1845:
1843:
1829:
1828:
1821:
1814:
1799:
1798:
1794:
1784:
1782:
1769:
1768:
1764:
1754:
1752:
1746:
1745:
1741:
1731:
1729:
1720:
1719:
1715:
1709:Wayback Machine
1701:
1697:
1689:
1682:
1672:
1670:
1664:
1663:
1659:
1653:CAMRT home page
1651:
1647:
1642:
1541:
1524:
1480:medical imaging
1441:
1425:
1386:
1370:
1342:Radiotherapists
1321:
1312:
1299:
1286:
1281:
1279:The Netherlands
1252:
1171:
1132:
1092:
1061:
1056:
1043:
1037:
1034:
1027:
1018:
1007:
978:PACS Management
972:Medical Physics
947:
637:
628:
626:Career pathways
544:
486:The history of
430:broken bone on
356:Wilhelm Röntgen
349:
327:medical imaging
311:
305:
300:
199:
193:
181:Medical Imaging
176:
174:
152:
105:
86:
76:
75:Occupation type
68:
66:
52:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
5094:
5092:
5084:
5083:
5081:Hospital staff
5078:
5073:
5068:
5058:
5057:
5051:
5050:
5048:
5047:
5036:
5033:
5032:
5030:
5029:
5024:
5018:
5016:
5012:
5011:
5009:
5008:
5003:
4998:
4992:
4990:
4984:
4983:
4981:
4980:
4975:
4973:Endomicroscopy
4970:
4965:
4964:
4963:
4952:
4950:
4940:
4939:
4936:
4935:
4932:
4931:
4929:
4928:
4923:
4918:
4913:
4908:
4902:
4900:
4889:
4888:
4886:
4885:
4879:
4877:
4863:
4856:
4855:
4852:
4851:
4849:
4848:
4843:
4838:
4833:
4827:
4825:
4821:
4820:
4818:
4817:
4812:
4807:
4802:
4797:
4792:
4787:
4782:
4777:
4772:
4767:
4762:
4757:
4751:
4745:
4735:
4729:
4728:
4726:
4725:
4724:
4723:
4718:
4708:
4703:
4698:
4693:
4688:
4687:
4686:
4681:
4671:
4666:
4661:
4656:
4651:
4646:
4645:
4644:
4639:
4634:
4629:
4619:
4618:
4617:
4612:
4607:
4602:
4597:
4588:
4586:
4580:
4579:
4577:
4576:
4571:
4570:
4569:
4564:
4559:
4549:
4544:
4539:
4534:
4533:
4532:
4522:
4517:
4516:
4515:
4504:
4502:
4496:
4495:
4492:
4491:
4489:
4488:
4483:
4478:
4473:
4468:
4462:
4460:
4456:
4455:
4452:
4451:
4449:
4448:
4447:
4446:
4436:
4431:
4426:
4425:
4424:
4419:
4409:
4408:
4407:
4397:
4396:
4395:
4390:
4381:
4379:
4375:
4374:
4372:
4371:
4366:
4361:
4356:
4351:
4346:
4340:
4338:
4331:
4325:
4324:
4321:
4320:
4318:
4317:
4312:
4307:
4302:
4301:
4300:
4295:
4285:
4280:
4275:
4270:
4265:
4260:
4255:
4246:
4233:
4224:
4219:
4214:
4213:
4212:
4202:
4197:
4192:
4187:
4181:
4175:
4166:
4155:
4154:
4149:
4147:
4146:
4139:
4132:
4124:
4118:
4117:
4112:
4107:
4100:
4099:External links
4097:
4094:
4093:
4068:
4043:
4008:(2): 295–304.
3988:
3969:(5): 477–479.
3949:
3892:
3835:
3784:
3758:
3737:(2): 386–388.
3717:
3705:
3648:
3591:
3548:
3502:
3456:
3434:
3404:
3378:
3360:
3330:
3319:on 18 May 2014
3304:
3286:
3268:
3228:
3198:
3187:
3176:
3151:
3133:
3102:
3091:(2): 136–142.
3071:
3060:(3): 258–263.
3040:
3022:
3004:
2986:
2975:
2964:
2948:
2937:
2919:
2908:
2894:
2883:
2865:
2847:
2836:
2818:
2807:
2796:
2785:
2767:
2748:
2691:
2669:
2657:
2630:(4): 510–513.
2608:
2597:on 10 May 2017
2582:
2564:
2546:
2507:
2456:
2430:
2412:
2394:
2345:
2338:
2319:
2278:
2255:
2228:(2): 297–298.
2212:
2185:(4): 580–594.
2165:
2147:
2120:
2101:(1): 221–225.
2083:
2046:
2027:
1982:
1966:
1953:
1924:(1): 241–243.
1904:
1878:
1872:978-1409246671
1871:
1853:
1819:
1813:978-0930405229
1812:
1792:
1762:
1739:
1713:
1695:
1680:
1657:
1644:
1643:
1641:
1638:
1637:
1636:
1632:
1628:
1613:
1607:
1591:
1580:glutaraldehyde
1576:sulfur dioxide
1568:
1558:
1540:
1537:
1523:
1520:
1504:medical ethics
1446:
1440:
1437:
1424:
1421:
1399:
1395:
1385:
1384:United Kingdom
1382:
1375:(فني اشعة) in
1374:
1369:
1366:
1320:
1317:
1311:
1308:
1298:
1295:
1285:
1282:
1280:
1277:
1251:
1248:
1223:
1222:
1219:
1216:
1213:
1209:
1206:
1203:
1200:
1197:
1194:
1170:
1167:
1136:
1131:
1128:
1091:
1088:
1087:
1086:
1083:
1080:
1060:
1057:
1045:
1044:
1021:
1019:
1012:
1006:
1003:
1002:
1001:
995:
989:
975:
969:
963:
957:
946:
943:
942:
941:
938:
932:
931:
928:
921:
915:
912:
906:
905:
890:
883:
880:
877:
871:
870:
867:thyroid cancer
863:
856:
842:
839:
833:
832:
829:
822:
819:
816:
810:
809:
806:
799:
796:
793:
787:
786:
782:
775:
772:
769:
763:
762:
759:
752:
749:
746:
740:
739:
736:
729:
726:
723:
717:
716:
713:
706:
703:
700:
694:
693:
682:
675:
668:
665:
659:
658:
655:
652:
649:
646:
636:
633:
627:
624:
604:
603:
600:
597:
594:
591:
588:
585:
582:
579:
543:
540:
494:and described
411:discharge tube
376:platinocyanide
344:certifications
304:
301:
204:
203:
194:
191:
188:
187:
177:
172:
169:
168:
153:
150:
147:
146:
102:
98:
97:
93:
92:
87:
84:
81:
80:
77:
74:
71:
70:
63:
59:
58:
54:
53:
50:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
5093:
5082:
5079:
5077:
5074:
5072:
5069:
5067:
5064:
5063:
5061:
5046:
5038:
5037:
5034:
5028:
5025:
5023:
5020:
5019:
5017:
5013:
5007:
5004:
5002:
4999:
4997:
4994:
4993:
4991:
4989:
4985:
4979:
4976:
4974:
4971:
4969:
4966:
4962:
4959:
4958:
4957:
4954:
4953:
4951:
4949:
4945:
4941:
4927:
4924:
4922:
4919:
4917:
4914:
4912:
4909:
4907:
4904:
4903:
4901:
4898:
4894:
4890:
4884:
4881:
4880:
4878:
4875:
4871:
4867:
4864:
4862:
4857:
4847:
4844:
4842:
4841:Ga-68-DOTATOC
4839:
4837:
4834:
4832:
4829:
4828:
4826:
4822:
4816:
4813:
4811:
4808:
4806:
4803:
4801:
4798:
4796:
4793:
4791:
4788:
4786:
4783:
4781:
4778:
4776:
4773:
4771:
4768:
4766:
4763:
4761:
4758:
4756:
4753:
4752:
4749:
4746:
4744:
4739:
4736:
4734:
4730:
4722:
4719:
4717:
4714:
4713:
4712:
4709:
4707:
4704:
4702:
4699:
4697:
4694:
4692:
4689:
4685:
4682:
4680:
4677:
4676:
4675:
4672:
4670:
4667:
4665:
4662:
4660:
4657:
4655:
4654:Intravascular
4652:
4650:
4647:
4643:
4640:
4638:
4635:
4633:
4630:
4628:
4625:
4624:
4623:
4620:
4616:
4613:
4611:
4608:
4606:
4603:
4601:
4598:
4596:
4593:
4592:
4590:
4589:
4587:
4585:
4581:
4575:
4574:Synthetic MRI
4572:
4568:
4565:
4563:
4560:
4558:
4555:
4554:
4553:
4550:
4548:
4545:
4543:
4540:
4538:
4535:
4531:
4528:
4527:
4526:
4523:
4521:
4518:
4514:
4511:
4510:
4509:
4506:
4505:
4503:
4501:
4497:
4487:
4484:
4482:
4479:
4477:
4474:
4472:
4469:
4467:
4464:
4463:
4461:
4457:
4445:
4442:
4441:
4440:
4437:
4435:
4432:
4430:
4427:
4423:
4420:
4418:
4415:
4414:
4413:
4410:
4406:
4403:
4402:
4401:
4398:
4394:
4391:
4389:
4386:
4385:
4383:
4382:
4380:
4376:
4370:
4367:
4365:
4364:Electron beam
4362:
4360:
4357:
4355:
4352:
4350:
4347:
4345:
4342:
4341:
4339:
4335:
4332:
4330:
4326:
4316:
4315:Orbital x-ray
4313:
4311:
4308:
4306:
4303:
4299:
4296:
4294:
4291:
4290:
4289:
4286:
4284:
4281:
4279:
4276:
4274:
4271:
4269:
4266:
4264:
4261:
4259:
4256:
4254:
4250:
4247:
4245:
4241:
4237:
4234:
4232:
4228:
4225:
4223:
4220:
4218:
4215:
4211:
4210:Bronchography
4208:
4207:
4206:
4203:
4201:
4198:
4196:
4193:
4191:
4188:
4186:
4183:
4182:
4179:
4176:
4174:
4170:
4167:
4165:
4160:
4156:
4152:
4145:
4140:
4138:
4133:
4131:
4126:
4125:
4122:
4116:
4113:
4111:
4108:
4106:
4103:
4102:
4098:
4082:
4078:
4072:
4069:
4057:
4053:
4047:
4044:
4039:
4035:
4031:
4027:
4023:
4019:
4015:
4011:
4007:
4003:
3999:
3992:
3989:
3984:
3980:
3976:
3972:
3968:
3964:
3960:
3953:
3950:
3945:
3941:
3936:
3931:
3927:
3923:
3919:
3915:
3911:
3907:
3903:
3896:
3893:
3888:
3884:
3879:
3874:
3870:
3866:
3862:
3858:
3855:(2): 021910.
3854:
3850:
3846:
3839:
3836:
3831:
3827:
3822:
3817:
3812:
3807:
3803:
3799:
3795:
3788:
3785:
3780:
3776:
3769:
3762:
3759:
3754:
3750:
3745:
3740:
3736:
3732:
3728:
3721:
3718:
3714:
3709:
3706:
3701:
3697:
3692:
3687:
3683:
3679:
3675:
3671:
3667:
3663:
3659:
3652:
3649:
3644:
3640:
3635:
3630:
3626:
3622:
3618:
3614:
3610:
3606:
3602:
3595:
3592:
3587:
3583:
3579:
3575:
3571:
3567:
3564:(2): 313–21.
3563:
3559:
3552:
3549:
3544:
3538:
3519:
3512:
3506:
3503:
3498:
3492:
3473:
3466:
3460:
3457:
3444:
3438:
3435:
3422:
3418:
3414:
3408:
3405:
3392:
3388:
3382:
3379:
3374:
3370:
3364:
3361:
3348:
3344:
3340:
3334:
3331:
3318:
3314:
3308:
3305:
3300:
3296:
3290:
3287:
3282:
3278:
3272:
3269:
3264:
3258:
3242:
3238:
3232:
3229:
3216:
3212:
3208:
3202:
3199:
3195:
3191:
3188:
3184:
3180:
3177:
3165:
3161:
3155:
3152:
3148:
3144:
3141:
3137:
3134:
3129:
3125:
3121:
3117:
3113:
3106:
3103:
3098:
3094:
3090:
3086:
3082:
3075:
3072:
3067:
3063:
3059:
3055:
3051:
3044:
3041:
3037:
3033:
3030:
3026:
3023:
3019:
3015:
3012:
3008:
3005:
3001:
2997:
2994:
2990:
2987:
2983:
2979:
2976:
2972:
2968:
2965:
2961:
2957:
2955:
2953:
2949:
2945:
2941:
2938:
2934:
2930:
2927:
2923:
2920:
2916:
2912:
2909:
2905:
2901:
2899:
2895:
2891:
2887:
2884:
2880:
2876:
2873:
2869:
2866:
2862:
2858:
2855:
2851:
2848:
2844:
2840:
2837:
2832:
2828:
2822:
2819:
2815:
2811:
2808:
2804:
2800:
2797:
2793:
2789:
2786:
2782:
2778:
2775:
2771:
2768:
2764:
2760:
2757:
2752:
2749:
2744:
2740:
2735:
2730:
2726:
2722:
2718:
2714:
2710:
2706:
2702:
2695:
2692:
2679:
2673:
2670:
2666:
2661:
2658:
2653:
2649:
2645:
2641:
2637:
2633:
2629:
2625:
2624:
2619:
2612:
2609:
2596:
2592:
2586:
2583:
2578:
2574:
2568:
2565:
2556:
2550:
2547:
2542:
2536:
2520:
2514:
2512:
2508:
2503:
2499:
2495:
2491:
2487:
2483:
2479:
2475:
2471:
2467:
2460:
2457:
2444:
2440:
2434:
2431:
2426:
2422:
2416:
2413:
2408:
2404:
2398:
2395:
2390:
2386:
2381:
2376:
2372:
2368:
2365:(6965): 375.
2364:
2360:
2356:
2349:
2346:
2341:
2339:9780471958390
2335:
2331:
2330:
2323:
2320:
2314:
2309:
2305:
2301:
2297:
2293:
2292:Physics Today
2289:
2282:
2279:
2274:
2270:
2266:
2259:
2256:
2251:
2247:
2243:
2239:
2235:
2231:
2227:
2223:
2216:
2213:
2208:
2204:
2200:
2196:
2192:
2188:
2184:
2180:
2176:
2175:"Spin echoes"
2169:
2166:
2161:
2157:
2151:
2148:
2143:
2139:
2133:
2131:
2129:
2127:
2125:
2121:
2116:
2112:
2108:
2104:
2100:
2096:
2095:
2087:
2084:
2079:
2075:
2071:
2067:
2064:(6): 469–76.
2063:
2059:
2058:
2050:
2047:
2042:
2038:
2031:
2028:
2023:
2019:
2015:
2011:
2007:
2003:
1999:
1995:
1994:
1986:
1983:
1978:
1977:
1970:
1967:
1963:
1957:
1954:
1949:
1945:
1941:
1937:
1932:
1927:
1923:
1919:
1915:
1908:
1905:
1892:
1888:
1882:
1879:
1874:
1868:
1864:
1857:
1854:
1841:
1837:
1833:
1826:
1824:
1820:
1815:
1809:
1805:
1804:
1796:
1793:
1780:
1776:
1772:
1766:
1763:
1750:
1743:
1740:
1727:
1723:
1717:
1714:
1710:
1706:
1703:
1699:
1696:
1691:
1687:
1685:
1681:
1668:
1661:
1658:
1654:
1649:
1646:
1639:
1633:
1629:
1626:
1622:
1618:
1614:
1611:
1608:
1605:
1600:
1596:
1592:
1589:
1585:
1581:
1577:
1573:
1569:
1566:
1562:
1559:
1555:
1551:
1547:
1543:
1542:
1538:
1536:
1534:
1528:
1521:
1519:
1517:
1511:
1509:
1505:
1501:
1497:
1493:
1489:
1485:
1481:
1477:
1473:
1469:
1465:
1461:
1457:
1453:
1448:
1444:
1439:United States
1438:
1436:
1435:
1429:
1422:
1420:
1418:
1413:
1409:
1405:
1403:
1397:
1393:
1391:
1383:
1381:
1378:
1372:
1367:
1365:
1361:
1357:
1353:
1349:
1345:
1343:
1339:
1334:
1330:
1329:Radiographers
1326:
1318:
1316:
1310:Re-enrollment
1309:
1307:
1303:
1296:
1294:
1290:
1283:
1278:
1276:
1272:
1268:
1264:
1260:
1257:
1249:
1247:
1245:
1240:
1236:
1231:
1229:
1220:
1217:
1214:
1210:
1207:
1204:
1201:
1198:
1195:
1192:
1191:
1190:
1187:
1183:
1179:
1175:
1168:
1166:
1162:
1160:
1155:
1151:
1149:
1144:
1140:
1135:Radiographers
1134:
1129:
1127:
1125:
1121:
1117:
1113:
1109:
1105:
1101:
1096:
1089:
1084:
1081:
1078:
1077:
1076:
1073:
1069:
1065:
1058:
1055:
1050:
1041:
1031:
1025:
1022:This article
1020:
1016:
1011:
1010:
1004:
999:
996:
993:
990:
987:
983:
979:
976:
973:
970:
967:
964:
961:
958:
955:
952:
951:
950:
944:
939:
936:
935:
929:
926:
922:
919:
916:
913:
911:
908:
907:
903:
899:
895:
891:
888:
884:
881:
878:
876:
873:
872:
868:
864:
861:
857:
854:
850:
846:
843:
840:
838:
835:
834:
830:
827:
823:
820:
817:
815:
812:
811:
807:
804:
800:
797:
794:
792:
789:
788:
783:
780:
776:
773:
770:
768:
765:
764:
760:
757:
753:
750:
747:
745:
742:
741:
737:
734:
730:
727:
724:
722:
719:
718:
714:
711:
707:
704:
701:
699:
696:
695:
691:
687:
683:
680:
676:
673:
672:intravascular
669:
666:
664:
661:
660:
653:
650:
647:
644:
643:
640:
634:
632:
625:
623:
619:
617:
613:
608:
601:
598:
595:
592:
589:
586:
583:
580:
577:
576:
575:
571:
569:
565:
561:
557:
556:human anatomy
553:
549:
541:
539:
535:
531:
529:
525:
521:
518:and in 1952,
517:
513:
509:
504:
501:
497:
493:
489:
484:
482:
478:
477:Ancient Greek
474:
469:
465:
461:
457:
453:
449:
444:
440:
435:
433:
428:
424:
420:
416:
412:
407:
405:
401:
396:
388:
384:
381:
377:
373:
369:
364:
362:
357:
353:
347:
345:
340:
336:
332:
328:
320:
315:
310:
302:
299:
294:
292:
287:
285:
281:
277:
272:
270:
266:
262:
258:
254:
250:
246:
242:
238:
234:
233:human anatomy
230:
226:
222:
218:
214:
210:
209:Radiographers
202:
198:
195:
189:
186:
182:
178:
170:
166:
162:
159:(BSc, BSc or
158:
154:
148:
145:
141:
137:
133:
129:
125:
121:
117:
113:
109:
103:
99:
94:
91:
88:
82:
78:
72:
65:Radiographer,
64:
60:
55:
48:
43:
37:
33:
32:a radiologist
19:
5022:Acute stroke
4988:Thermography
4743:scintigraphy
4733:Radionuclide
4721:pre-hospital
4567:Tractography
4486:Radiodensity
4388:calcium scan
4349:Quantitative
4086:28 September
4084:. Retrieved
4081:www.chcp.edu
4080:
4071:
4061:21 September
4059:. Retrieved
4055:
4046:
4005:
4001:
3991:
3966:
3962:
3952:
3909:
3905:
3895:
3852:
3848:
3838:
3801:
3797:
3787:
3778:
3774:
3761:
3734:
3730:
3720:
3708:
3665:
3661:
3651:
3608:
3604:
3594:
3561:
3557:
3551:
3525:. Retrieved
3518:the original
3505:
3479:. Retrieved
3472:the original
3459:
3447:. Retrieved
3437:
3425:. Retrieved
3421:the original
3417:www.arrt.org
3416:
3407:
3395:. Retrieved
3391:the original
3381:
3373:www.asrt.org
3372:
3363:
3351:. Retrieved
3347:the original
3342:
3333:
3321:. Retrieved
3317:the original
3307:
3299:www.asrt.org
3298:
3289:
3281:www.asrt.org
3280:
3277:"About ASRT"
3271:
3245:. Retrieved
3241:the original
3231:
3219:. Retrieved
3215:the original
3211:www.arrt.org
3210:
3201:
3190:
3179:
3167:. Retrieved
3163:
3154:
3136:
3122:(2): 94–99.
3119:
3115:
3105:
3088:
3084:
3074:
3057:
3053:
3043:
3025:
3007:
2989:
2978:
2967:
2940:
2922:
2911:
2886:
2868:
2850:
2839:
2830:
2821:
2810:
2799:
2788:
2770:
2751:
2711:(2): 80–85.
2708:
2704:
2694:
2682:. Retrieved
2672:
2660:
2627:
2621:
2611:
2599:. Retrieved
2595:the original
2585:
2576:
2567:
2549:
2523:. Retrieved
2469:
2465:
2459:
2447:. Retrieved
2443:the original
2433:
2424:
2415:
2407:the original
2397:
2362:
2358:
2348:
2328:
2322:
2295:
2291:
2281:
2264:
2258:
2225:
2221:
2215:
2182:
2178:
2168:
2159:
2150:
2141:
2098:
2092:
2086:
2061:
2055:
2049:
2040:
2030:
1997:
1991:
1985:
1975:
1969:
1961:
1956:
1921:
1917:
1907:
1895:. Retrieved
1891:the original
1881:
1862:
1856:
1844:. Retrieved
1840:the original
1836:PBS NewsHour
1835:
1802:
1795:
1783:. Retrieved
1779:the original
1774:
1765:
1753:. Retrieved
1742:
1730:. Retrieved
1725:
1716:
1698:
1671:. Retrieved
1660:
1648:
1595:MRI scanners
1565:highly toxic
1529:
1525:
1512:
1500:patient care
1474:, research,
1449:
1442:
1430:
1426:
1414:
1410:
1406:
1394:Radiographer
1387:
1377:Saudi Arabia
1371:
1368:Saudi Arabia
1362:
1358:
1354:
1350:
1346:
1332:
1328:
1322:
1313:
1304:
1300:
1291:
1287:
1273:
1269:
1265:
1261:
1253:
1232:
1224:
1188:
1184:
1180:
1176:
1172:
1163:
1156:
1152:
1133:
1097:
1093:
1074:
1070:
1066:
1062:
1048:
1038:October 2014
1035:
1023:
948:
657:Description
638:
629:
620:
609:
605:
593:Patient care
572:
548:patient care
545:
536:
532:
524:Soviet Union
505:
485:
481:Radiographer
480:
472:
436:
408:
397:
393:
380:Crookes tube
368:cathode rays
365:
348:
324:
319:Crookes tube
288:
273:
264:
261:radiographer
260:
256:
252:
248:
220:
216:
212:
208:
207:
192:Related jobs
120:Patient Care
101:Competencies
79:Professional
40:Radiographer
36:
5071:Radiography
4911:Cardiac PET
4684:renal tract
4659:Gynecologic
4591:Techniques
4562:restriction
4537:Angiography
4520:Neurography
4466:Fluoroscopy
4412:Angiography
4393:angiography
4337:Techniques:
4298:Aortography
4288:Angiography
4268:Cystography
4258:Mammography
4200:Myelography
4195:Sialography
4164:radiography
3343:www.acr.org
3116:Radiography
3085:Radiography
3054:Radiography
1755:24 November
1584:acetic acid
1550:skin cancer
1428:specialty.
1108:radiography
774:Fluoroscopy
767:Fluoroscopy
520:Herman Carr
508:spin echoes
473:Skiagrapher
456:mammography
448:fluoroscopy
443:Marie Curie
427:fluorescent
415:Ivan Pulyui
372:fluorescent
335:radiologist
197:Radiologist
155:Usually an
132:Radiography
112:Medical Law
96:Description
5060:Categories
4824:Full body:
4610:endoscopic
4584:Ultrasound
4513:functional
4310:Lymphogram
4305:Venography
4273:Arthrogram
2684:20 October
2555:de 1566148
2449:16 October
1964:April 1953
1785:23 October
1673:1 December
1640:References
1599:morphology
1456:physiology
1297:Enrollment
1244:Flow chart
894:ultrasound
690:cardiology
651:Technology
612:sonography
560:physiology
516:Erwin Hahn
475:(from the
460:ultrasound
307:See also:
175:employment
124:Physiology
57:Occupation
5066:Radiology
5027:Pregnancy
4906:Brain PET
4874:gamma ray
4810:DMSA scan
4664:Obstetric
4557:diffusion
4552:Sequences
4530:perfusion
4422:Pulmonary
4369:Cone beam
4263:Pyelogram
4038:234348024
4022:1876-7982
3975:0033-8397
3926:1234-1010
3682:1532-1827
3625:1532-1827
3558:Radiology
3527:19 August
3481:19 August
3427:19 August
3397:19 August
3353:19 August
3247:19 August
3221:19 August
2725:2051-3909
2298:(7): 83.
1940:1546-3141
1635:injuries.
1484:diagnosis
1468:pathology
1030:talk page
568:radiology
564:pathology
506:In 1950,
339:physician
284:hospitals
245:pathology
241:treatment
237:diagnosis
185:Radiology
173:Fields of
144:Treatment
136:Radiology
116:Pathology
5045:Category
4897:positron
4417:Coronary
4030:33965349
3983:32381665
3944:33361745
3887:19391781
3830:15104797
3753:15684307
3700:27623235
3643:27623235
3586:20643232
3578:15375227
3537:cite web
3491:cite web
3257:cite web
3143:Archived
3032:Archived
3014:Archived
2996:Archived
2929:Archived
2875:Archived
2857:Archived
2777:Archived
2759:Archived
2743:29707911
2601:28 April
2535:cite web
2525:8 August
2502:42127984
2494:17781388
2389:14647349
2273:76980558
2250:92995835
2207:46554313
2115:13341059
2078:14398444
1846:27 April
1732:27 April
1705:Archived
1604:in vitro
1574:such as
1546:leukemia
1100:CT scans
988:systems.
954:Academia
920:, varies
674:contrast
654:Ionizing
370:using a
235:for the
4944:Optical
4926:PET-MRI
4706:Carotid
4701:Scrotal
4595:doppler
4525:Cardiac
4434:Thyroid
4378:Targets
4329:CT scan
3935:7771202
3878:3069351
3857:Bibcode
3691:5117787
3634:5117787
3169:12 July
2734:5986036
2652:5641806
2632:Bibcode
2474:Bibcode
2466:Science
2367:Bibcode
2300:Bibcode
2230:Bibcode
2187:Bibcode
2022:4176060
2002:Bibcode
1962:J Perio
1948:7998549
1775:vix.com
1535:(ACR).
1476:nursing
1472:biology
1460:physics
1452:anatomy
1325:Nigeria
1319:Nigeria
1137:in the
1130:Ireland
1090:Germany
1059:Belgium
896:waves.
785:etc.).
688:and/or
552:physics
303:History
229:imaging
140:Physics
108:Anatomy
4921:PET-CT
4696:Breast
4691:Rectal
4615:duplex
4547:Breast
4384:Heart
4036:
4028:
4020:
3981:
3973:
3942:
3932:
3924:
3885:
3875:
3828:
3821:419710
3818:
3804:: 11.
3751:
3698:
3688:
3680:
3641:
3631:
3623:
3584:
3576:
3449:15 May
3323:18 May
2741:
2731:
2723:
2650:
2560:
2500:
2492:
2387:
2359:Nature
2336:
2271:
2248:
2205:
2113:
2076:
2020:
1993:Nature
1946:
1938:
1897:17 May
1869:
1810:
1669:. IMDB
1665:IMDB.
1588:asthma
1582:, and
378:and a
4948:Laser
4870:SPECT
4679:renal
4508:Brain
4459:Other
4159:X-ray
4034:S2CID
3771:(PDF)
3582:S2CID
3521:(PDF)
3514:(PDF)
3475:(PDF)
3468:(PDF)
2498:S2CID
2246:S2CID
2203:S2CID
2018:S2CID
1693:2014.
1631:risk.
1539:Risks
1250:Nepal
1228:MQRIC
1169:Malta
257:techs
161:A.Sc.
62:Names
4716:FAST
4429:Head
4105:CORU
4088:2021
4063:2021
4026:PMID
4018:ISSN
3979:PMID
3971:ISSN
3940:PMID
3922:ISSN
3883:PMID
3826:PMID
3749:PMID
3696:PMID
3678:ISSN
3639:PMID
3621:ISSN
3574:PMID
3543:link
3529:2014
3497:link
3483:2014
3451:2020
3429:2014
3399:2014
3355:2014
3325:2014
3263:link
3249:2014
3223:2014
3171:2019
3164:NICE
2739:PMID
2721:ISSN
2686:2020
2648:PMID
2603:2018
2541:link
2527:2016
2490:PMID
2451:2009
2385:PMID
2334:ISBN
2269:OCLC
2111:PMID
2074:PMID
1944:PMID
1936:ISSN
1899:2012
1867:ISBN
1848:2013
1808:ISBN
1787:2017
1757:2011
1734:2013
1675:2015
1623:and
1548:and
1506:and
1390:SCoR
1388:The
1143:CORU
1122:and
986:PACS
984:and
645:Name
614:and
566:and
510:and
466:and
423:mica
298:GXMO
239:and
223:are
219:and
142:and
4893:PET
4861:ECT
4859:3D/
4741:2D/
4642:ICE
4637:TEE
4632:TTE
4500:MRI
4231:DXR
4227:DXA
4222:KUB
4217:AXR
4205:CXR
4010:doi
3930:PMC
3914:doi
3873:PMC
3865:doi
3816:PMC
3806:doi
3739:doi
3686:PMC
3670:doi
3666:115
3629:PMC
3613:doi
3609:115
3566:doi
3562:233
3124:doi
3093:doi
3062:doi
2729:PMC
2713:doi
2640:doi
2482:doi
2470:130
2375:doi
2363:426
2308:doi
2238:doi
2195:doi
2103:doi
2066:doi
2010:doi
1998:242
1926:doi
1922:164
1331:or
1323:In
1114:),
982:RIS
492:NMR
413:of
402:in
337:(a
243:of
231:of
5062::
4899:):
4876:):
4605:3D
4173:2D
4079:.
4054:.
4032:.
4024:.
4016:.
4006:52
4004:.
4000:.
3977:.
3967:91
3965:.
3961:.
3938:.
3928:.
3920:.
3910:26
3908:.
3904:.
3881:.
3871:.
3863:.
3853:79
3851:.
3847:.
3824:.
3814:.
3800:.
3796:.
3777:.
3773:.
3747:.
3735:25
3733:.
3729:.
3694:.
3684:.
3676:.
3664:.
3660:.
3637:.
3627:.
3619:.
3607:.
3603:.
3580:.
3572:.
3560:.
3539:}}
3535:{{
3493:}}
3489:{{
3415:.
3371:.
3341:.
3297:.
3279:.
3259:}}
3255:{{
3209:.
3162:.
3120:20
3118:.
3114:.
3089:16
3087:.
3083:.
3058:20
3056:.
3052:.
2951:^
2897:^
2829:.
2737:.
2727:.
2719:.
2709:65
2707:.
2703:.
2646:.
2638:.
2628:39
2626:.
2620:.
2575:.
2537:}}
2533:{{
2510:^
2496:.
2488:.
2480:.
2468:.
2423:.
2383:.
2373:.
2361:.
2357:.
2306:.
2296:57
2294:.
2290:.
2244:.
2236:.
2226:77
2224:.
2201:.
2193:.
2183:80
2181:.
2177:.
2158:.
2140:.
2123:^
2109:.
2099:63
2097:.
2072:.
2062:43
2060:.
2039:.
2016:.
2008:.
1996:.
1942:.
1934:.
1920:.
1916:.
1834:.
1822:^
1773:.
1724:.
1683:^
1578:,
1502:,
1498:,
1494:,
1490:,
1486:,
1482:,
1478:,
1470:,
1466:,
1462:,
1458:,
1454:,
1161:.
1150:.
1126:.
1118:,
1110:,
1106:,
1102:,
869:.
851:,
847:,
618:.
562:,
558:,
554:,
550:,
526:,
483:.
462:,
458:,
454:,
450:,
271:.
215:,
183:,
138:,
134:,
130:,
126:,
122:,
118:,
114:,
110:,
4946:/
4895:(
4872:(
4251:/
4242:/
4238:/
4229:/
4161:/
4143:e
4136:t
4129:v
4090:.
4065:.
4040:.
4012::
3985:.
3946:.
3916::
3889:.
3867::
3859::
3832:.
3808::
3802:3
3781:.
3779:5
3755:.
3741::
3702:.
3672::
3645:.
3615::
3588:.
3568::
3545:)
3531:.
3499:)
3485:.
3453:.
3431:.
3401:.
3375:.
3357:.
3327:.
3301:.
3283:.
3265:)
3251:.
3225:.
3173:.
3130:.
3126::
3099:.
3095::
3068:.
3064::
2833:.
2745:.
2715::
2688:.
2654:.
2642::
2634::
2605:.
2579:.
2543:)
2529:.
2504:.
2484::
2476::
2453:.
2427:.
2391:.
2377::
2369::
2342:.
2316:.
2310::
2302::
2275:.
2252:.
2240::
2232::
2209:.
2197::
2189::
2162:.
2144:.
2117:.
2105::
2080:.
2068::
2024:.
2012::
2004::
1950:.
1928::
1901:.
1875:.
1850:.
1816:.
1789:.
1759:.
1736:.
1677:.
1606:.
1226:(
1040:)
1036:(
1032:.
34:.
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.