978:
90:
643:
115:
134:
3710:
215:
2029:
5910:
5922:
27:
1365:, and are in themselves of sub-prefectural rank. In addition to regiments, the XJBT also administers regiment-level farms and ranches. XJBT and each individual division are headed by three leaders: a first political commissar, a political commissar, and a commander. The first political commissars of each XJBT division are their committee secretaries.
1325:
internal affairs, including city and reclaimed land administration, are separate from that of the
Autonomous Region and under direct control of the central government. The XJBT has been described to operate as a "state within a state" and has been considered by scholars as acting as a de facto prefecture-level governmental entity.
1186:", (separatism, religious extremism, and terrorism), in order to protect social stability and national unity. In 2012, XJBT generated 11.1 billion yuan from the 37 settlements they control, "allowing the Corps to spread advanced culture and Chinese culture, while taking in and infusing culture of ethnic minority in Xinjiang".
1703:
The XJBT has settled Han in
Xinjiang and has built eleven medium-sized cities during its history, and now controls ten of them. The governments of these cities are combined entirely with the division that controls them. For example, the division headquarters is the same entity as the city government,
1345:
The XJBT's own party secretary, usually a ministerial-level official, typically concurrently serves as its political commissar and acts as its highest day-to-day authority, and is considered to be the second most-powerful person in
Xinjiang after the CCP secretary. Additionally XJBT has a commander,
1232:
remarked "Now, no business can claim ignorance of China's oppression of the Uyghur people. We hope the sanctions signal to other
Chinese officials that there are costs associated with taking part in the Communist Party's repression of religion. The world is watching and we know which officials and
2240:
and smaller farms. XJBT dominates
Xinjiang's agriculture and controls nearly a quarter of Xinjiang's arable land. During its history, XJBT established significant mining and mining-related industries, most of which subsequently were handed over to the Xinjiang government. XJBT is also involved in
1324:
and the
Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region regional government. It has administrative authority over medium-sized cities, settlements and farms in Xinjiang. It provides services such as healthcare, policing, judiciary, and education. Nominally subject to the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region, its
1311:
as an entity subject to restrictive measures. The reason given for this listing was that this entity is "responsible for serious human rights violations, in particular large-scale arbitrary detentions and degrading treatment inflicted upon
Uyghurs and people from other Muslim ethnic minorities".
1178:
led to the re-establishment of the XJBT in 1981 as well as the cultivation of frontier lands and economic development. During the 1990s, XJBT began to contribute significantly to
Xinjiang's economy, producing 40% of the region's cotton in 1997. After 2008, as a result of improvements in farm
1052:
The XJBT operates cities, where it provides prisons, healthcare, policing, judiciary, and education, and has stakes in numerous publicly traded companies. It is extensively involved in economic, political and military affairs of
Xinjiang, being called a "state in a state". It is led by the
2063:
XJBT is predominantly composed of
Chinese citizens of Han ethnicity. While the Han are by far the largest group of XJBT workers, their relative numbers have declined: from 1980 to 1993 the overall population remained constant, while Han membership declined slightly from 90% to 88%.
1162:
and 60,000 ethnic minorities living near the border fled to the Soviet Union. The Chinese government feared that the USSR was trying to destabilize China and start a war. XJBT was ordered to cultivate the farms of the exiles. By 1966 XJBT had a population of 1.48 million.
3457:
3007:
977:
6013:
4699:
2709:
1328:
The XJBT's internal affairs, including the administration of its cities and reclaimed land, is separate from that of the Autonomous Region and under direct control of the central government. It has sub-provincial powers on par with
4733:
5983:
3449:
1373:
The XJBT's 14 divisions which are then subdivided into 185 regiment-level entities (including regiments, farms, and ranches), scattered throughout Xinjiang, mostly in previously unpopulated or sparsely populated areas.
4976:
1704:
the division political commissar the same person as the city committee secretary, the division commander the same person as the city's mayor, and so forth. Ten XJBT-administered cities are nominally listed as "
5998:
2170:
XJBT created many publicly traded subsidiary companies. XJBT uses the name "China Xinjian Group" for its economic activities. XJBT plays an outsized role in Xinjiang's economy, with the organization producing
2997:
5252:
906:
4726:
1112:(PLA) forces deployed into Xinjiang were commanded to start production in the area. In 1953, PLA there were separated into National Defense and Production Divisions. XJBT was formed from soldiers from
2459:
5953:
4669:
3581:
4694:
4664:
4654:
4649:
3040:
2742:
4674:
4659:
4639:
1225:
2699:
2589:
4719:
4684:
4644:
1544:
1519:
1397:
4689:
2811:
1041:" (separatism, religious extremism, and terrorism). In its history, the XJBT has built farms, towns, and cities, provided land and employment to disbanded military units, and re-settled
3366:
1131:
to form People's Liberation Army Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, tasked to "Integrate labor with violent, colonize and populate the frontier" in 1954. XJBT was founded by
2975:
3278:
1154:, although they were not called upon. XJBT was expanded by youth from other parts of China, to equalize its sex ratio and include members with better education. In 1962, after the
5948:
3676:
3669:
2521:
3490:
3073:
5968:
2623:
1321:
1237:
The XPCC is essentially a parallel government in Xinjiang and has been directly involved in implementing the surveillance, mass detention, and forced labor of Uyghurs.
3319:
2448:"Until Nothing Is Left: China's Settler Corporation and its Human Rights Violations in the Uyghur Region. A Report on the Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps"
3551:
41:
6003:
5352:
964:
3388:
3177:
5963:
4884:
3749:
2447:
3573:
1058:
2878:
5863:
3029:
2732:
5993:
4953:
3233:
1692:
1271:
announced that XJBT-produced cotton and cotton products would be prohibited from import into the U.S. due to forced labor concerns. In June 2021, the
2586:
5973:
5066:
4427:
1425:
762:
5666:
2183:). The area and population of the XJBT are generally given as part of Xinjiang's total figures, but XJBT's GDP is generally reported separately.
1670:
1650:
1630:
1605:
1585:
2801:
1565:
1499:
1479:
1457:
1437:
1417:
3347:
2943:
2910:
2778:
5988:
5018:
3686:
For additional information, see James D. Seymour, "Xinjiang's Production and Construction Corps, and the Sinification of Eastern Turkestan",
3427:
1334:
1219:
682:
6008:
5958:
5868:
5105:
4486:
4392:
3772:
3606:
2965:
1487:
1272:
882:
3638:
3259:
2565:
5013:
2250:
1362:
678:
2281:
1085:
system, a policy of settling military units in frontier areas so that they become self-sufficient in food, and similar policies in the
5858:
3740:
3625:
2275:
1268:
1215:
642:
5218:
1170:. In 1975 it was abolished completely. Its powers were transferred to the government of Xinjiang and regional authorities. After the
4342:
4263:
4063:
2873:
2391:
2318:
1507:
1013:
957:
3666:
3652:
3030:"Statement: EU sanctions to four Chinese individuals and a Chinese entity on human rights violations; Counter-sanctions by the PRC"
2529:
89:
3480:
3065:
2846:
2333:
5365:
3947:
2561:
2036:
Parts of this article (those related to recent population numbers and trends – they have yearly official reports, see e.g.
1527:
1465:
1005:
710:
5691:
3922:
2841:
1276:
1211:
931:
5885:
5880:
5611:
5388:
5264:
5235:
5189:
2495:
2302:
1308:
998:
898:
705:
519:
444:
377:
310:
5671:
5581:
2627:
2396:
856:
2376:"Tao Zhiyue 1892 - 1988)" in James Z. Gao: Historical Dictionary of Modern China (1800–1949), p. 358, 2009, Scarecrow Press
5230:
5157:
4946:
4382:
4012:
3808:
3301:
1304:
893:
505:
430:
363:
296:
5890:
5342:
3541:
2345:
XJBT operates its own educational system covering primary, secondary and tertiary education (including two universities,
1142:
XJBT was initially focused on settling, cultivating, and developing sparsely populated areas, such as the fringes of the
1037:. It re-established its economic dominance over Xinjiang afterwards, also being responsible for maintenance against the "
5656:
5641:
5199:
2324:
2287:
1009:
950:
622:
152:
5676:
5606:
5681:
5370:
5211:
4476:
3759:
3208:
2660:
2455:
2312:
861:
5895:
5523:
1109:
3513:
3392:
3159:
2419:
5571:
5302:
1190:
1147:
801:
758:
3658:
McMillen, Donald H. "Xinjiang and the Production and Construction Corps: A Han Organisation in a Non-Han Region."
2257:
5686:
3620:
1253:
927:
3203:
Murphy, L and Elimä, N. (2021). "In Broad Daylight: Uyghur Forced Labour and Global Solar Supply Chains."
3137:
5651:
5482:
5184:
5052:
5048:
4939:
2998:"Minister of Foreign Affairs appearance before the Committee of the Whole – Portfolio list – Briefing material"
2868:
2737:
2266:
845:
735:
730:
5561:
3718:
3574:"Built on Repression: PVC Building Materials' Reliance on Labor and Environmental Abuses in the Uyghur Region"
5646:
5466:
5272:
5056:
4312:
4218:
3936:
2296:
1330:
1245:
1194:
1105:
1054:
740:
138:
3222:
2837:"Treasury Sanctions Chinese Entity and Officials Pursuant to Global Magnitsky Human Rights Executive Order"
5722:
5071:
5044:
4184:
3733:
2261:
2075:
1175:
725:
148:
5162:
2253:
has identified 2,923 subsidiaries. Currently the XJBT has eleven publicly traded subsidiaries. They are:
1171:
1034:
5875:
5838:
5631:
4833:
4331:
3912:
3781:
3002:
1292:
1257:
1074:
1046:
594:
5978:
4894:
1997:
1708:" of Xinjiang, but the local government is usually not involved in the administration of these cities.
1182:
Starting in the 1980s, a stated task has been to prevent and break down "destructive activities of the
4838:
4828:
2241:
tertiary industries, including trade, distribution, real estate, tourism, construction and insurance.
5926:
5626:
5503:
5078:
4879:
4130:
3102:
1623:
1242:
766:
4711:
5812:
5777:
5757:
5661:
5636:
5596:
5360:
5194:
5100:
4985:
3861:
3823:
3036:
2933:
2900:
2768:
2704:
1354:
1338:
1167:
1132:
1030:
1023:, and developed sparsely populated areas in its early decades, taking the model of the traditional
782:
631:
240:
228:
3833:
3416:
1695:
were reorganized as 7th, 8th and 9th Agriculture Construction Division of the XJBT, respectively.
5591:
5586:
5533:
5408:
4859:
4199:
4022:
3813:
3306:
2680:
2672:
2346:
1573:
1445:
4874:
4843:
5914:
5848:
5621:
5616:
5601:
5553:
5508:
5393:
5317:
5312:
5296:
5025:
4899:
4812:
4762:
4679:
4608:
4548:
4534:
3884:
3856:
3818:
3798:
3726:
3358:
3311:
3270:
3169:
2651:
2557:
1977:
1958:
1705:
1197:
that includes all of western China. XJBT military personnel are mostly reservists or militia.
1155:
1143:
1121:
922:
690:
4904:
4869:
4864:
1093:
dynasties. Construction corps were set up for sparsely populated frontier regions, including
1033:, and was outright abolished in 1975, before being re-established in 1981, partly due to the
1029:
system of setting military units in frontier areas. The XJBT was severely damaged during the
5332:
5167:
5127:
5090:
5030:
4767:
4627:
Tacheng and Altay are prefectures within and under the administration of the Ili Prefecture.
4554:
4273:
4213:
4073:
4042:
3851:
2664:
2350:
2140:
2127:
1844:
1752:
1678:
1598:
1593:
1113:
851:
805:
787:
777:
542:
475:
400:
333:
3302:"'Absolutely No Mercy': Leaked Files Expose How China Organized Mass Detentions of Muslims"
2620:"IX. Establishment, Development and Role of the Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps"
1150:, under the principle of "not competing for benefits with the local people". It provided a
5807:
5762:
5576:
5337:
5327:
5152:
5147:
4797:
4782:
4590:
4572:
4471:
4248:
4228:
4223:
4189:
4169:
4139:
3982:
3894:
3828:
3803:
3680:
3673:
3518:
3422:
2806:
2773:
2593:
2424:
2237:
1920:
1863:
1683:
1430:
1405:
888:
830:
819:
672:
572:
3542:"Goods Linked To A Group That Runs Chinese Detention Camps May Be Ending Up In US Stores"
3709:
2046:
Please help update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information.
214:
40:
Please expand the article to include this information. Further details may exist on the
5853:
5787:
5752:
5717:
5566:
5418:
5206:
5142:
5085:
5040:
4757:
4542:
4505:
4417:
4400:
4317:
4253:
4233:
4153:
4092:
4087:
3992:
3987:
3485:
2836:
2769:"US Sanctions Key Paramilitary Group, Officials Over Abuses in China's Xinjiang Region"
2387:"Establishment, Development and Role of the Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps"
2291:
1787:
1410:
1098:
815:
772:
2420:"Xinjiang paramilitary group plays "critical role" in Uyghur repression, report finds"
1224:
XJBT was sanctioned by the United States in 2020, citing alleged human rights abuses.
1065:, though the CCP secretary of the XJBT handles the daily affairs of the organization.
981:
12th company, 150th regiment, 8th division, Xinjiang production and Construction Corps
5942:
5797:
5767:
5742:
5528:
5307:
5282:
5240:
5223:
5174:
5117:
4466:
4441:
4412:
4377:
4372:
4302:
4179:
4112:
4102:
3997:
3977:
3889:
3866:
3546:
3353:
3265:
2684:
2525:
2203:
2101:
1151:
835:
797:
5817:
5802:
5747:
5732:
5727:
5513:
5179:
5122:
5061:
4889:
4456:
4451:
4367:
4362:
4287:
4258:
4243:
4238:
4164:
4107:
4097:
4053:
4007:
4002:
3164:
3107:
1094:
1090:
1086:
695:
549:
482:
407:
340:
4972:
3790:
3768:
3160:"US imposes sanctions on Chinese 'state-within-a-state' linked to Xinjiang abuses"
2179:), or around 19.7% of Xinjiang's economy, while the per capita GDP was CN¥98,748 (
1643:
1638:
1618:
1350:
1174:
in 1979, and the Islamic movements gained force, fears of Soviet encirclement and
170:
2934:"U.S. bans cotton imports from China producer XPCC citing Xinjiang 'slave labor'"
2700:"Sanctions on China's top cotton supplier weave a tangled web for fashion brands"
2619:
2386:
5792:
5782:
5538:
5461:
5292:
5132:
5112:
5008:
4510:
4500:
4461:
4446:
4307:
4297:
4174:
4159:
4058:
4048:
3917:
2187:
2088:
1578:
1280:
1261:
1229:
1183:
1042:
1038:
811:
792:
246:
1295:
imposed sanctions against the XJBT in January 2021 due to human rights abuses.
1233:
entities are responsible for the abuses against the Uyghur people." She added:
5737:
5543:
5431:
4993:
4406:
4292:
4081:
2207:
2114:
1189:
At the end of the 20th century, XJBT's military role was given instead to the
1136:
1128:
1117:
1062:
1020:
700:
657:
268:
233:
3362:
3315:
3274:
3173:
5843:
5772:
5322:
5286:
5277:
4147:
3204:
2733:"Xinjiang's sprawling conglomerate may be biggest ever to face US sanctions"
2587:
Xinjiang Production & Construction Corps: Key Policy Tool from Mao to Xi
2236:. In 2018 the XJBT produced 30% of China's cotton output. XJBT has a mix of
2199:
840:
2299:(新疆中基实业股份有限公司) (新中基, 000972.SZ) – primarily tomatoes and related industries
2037:
26:
3130:"The Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps: an Insider's Perspective"
1179:
mechanization, students were no longer compelled to pick the cotton crop.
5707:
5518:
5451:
5380:
5137:
5035:
4962:
4792:
4772:
4584:
4560:
3753:
2172:
1939:
1882:
1537:
1492:
1358:
1045:
migrants from other parts of China in what has been called a campaign of
911:
825:
715:
174:
5833:
5712:
5446:
5426:
5398:
5003:
4807:
4787:
4777:
4602:
4578:
4566:
4350:
4207:
4030:
3965:
3843:
3756:
2970:
2938:
2905:
2676:
2270:
2215:
1901:
1806:
1768:
1558:
1553:
1532:
1512:
1472:
1249:
1081:
1025:
667:
256:
6014:
Chinese entities subject to U.S. Department of the Treasury sanctions
5456:
5441:
5436:
4998:
4920:
4802:
4596:
4494:
4356:
3971:
3959:
3876:
3129:
2328:
2226:
2211:
2191:
1825:
1730:
1450:
1159:
720:
662:
3514:"Report: Xinjiang paramilitary group has "central role" in genocide"
2668:
3348:"Many Han Chinese don't mind the gulag for their Uighur neighbours"
5403:
5247:
5095:
4931:
4435:
4281:
2966:"U.S. restricts exports to 5 Chinese firms over rights violations"
2357:; and its own TV stations at both provincial and division levels.
2306:
2229:
2219:
2195:
976:
120:
2901:"U.S. imposes sanctions on Chinese company over abuse of Uighurs"
5984:
Construction and civil engineering companies established in 1954
4036:
3904:
2278:(新天国际经贸股份有限公司) (新天国际, 600084.SS) – primarily international trade
2233:
2222:
1663:
1658:
4935:
4715:
3722:
3066:"Official Journal of the European Union, L 99 I, Vol. 64, p.12"
3481:"China's Vast, Strange, and Powerful Farming Militia Turns 60"
2022:
1691:
In May 1953, the PLA's 25th, 26th and 27th Divisions from the
347:
Chinese: 新疆生产建设兵团; pinyin: Xīnjiāng Shēngchǎn Jiànshè Bīngtuán
20:
3260:"Dismantling China's Muslim gulag in Xinjiang is not enough"
1135:. It initially comprised 175,000 military personnel, led by
2649:
Becqelin, Nicolas (July 2000). "Xinjiang in the Nineties".
2446:
Murphy, Laura T.; Elimä, Nyrola; Tobin, David (July 2022).
2321:(新疆冠农果茸股份有限公司) (冠农股份, 600251.SS) – fruits; animal husbandry
1226:
United States Commission on International Religious Freedom
1127:
In October 1954 the Production Division was ordered by the
3703:
1252:
and other ethnic minorities. XJBT was alleged to run many
203:
5999:
Organizations associated with the Chinese Communist Party
16:
Paramilitary and economic organization in Xinjiang, China
2869:"On Sanctioning Human Rights Abusers in Xinjiang, China"
2284:(新疆塔里木农业综合开发股份有限公司) (新农开发, 600359.SS) – primarily cotton
1248:
on XJBT in connection with human rights abuses against
2336:(新疆赛里木现代农业股份有限公司) (新赛股份, 600540.SS) – primarily cotton
1320:
The XJBT is a ministerial-level institution under the
5954:
Construction and civil engineering companies of China
1019:
The XJBT was established in 1954 under the orders of
554:
487:
412:
345:
2249:
The XJBT has thousands of subsidiary companies. The
599:
5826:
5700:
5552:
5496:
5475:
5417:
5379:
5351:
5263:
4984:
4913:
4852:
4821:
4750:
4533:
4523:
4485:
4426:
4391:
4341:
4330:
4272:
4198:
4138:
4129:
4072:
4021:
3946:
3935:
3903:
3875:
3842:
3789:
3780:
593:
588:
571:
566:
548:
541:
536:
518:
504:
499:
481:
474:
469:
457:
443:
429:
424:
406:
399:
394:
376:
362:
357:
339:
332:
327:
309:
295:
290:
281:
262:
252:
239:
226:
221:
198:
190:
180:
166:
158:
144:
127:
107:
99:
63:
3415:
3346:
3300:Ramzy, Austin; Buckley, Chris (16 November 2019).
3258:
2802:"U.S. sanctions China's paramilitary in Xinjiang"
2282:Xinjiang Talimu Agriculture Development Co., Ltd.
94:National Emblem of the People's Republic of China
3644:Becquelin, Nicolas. "Xinjiang in the Nineties."
3223:"The Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps"
2551:
2549:
2547:
2276:Suntime International Economic-Trading Co., Ltd.
3578:Helena Kennedy Centre for International Justice
3417:"China tightens grip on restive western region"
3211:Helena Kennedy Centre for International Justice
2624:State Council of the People's Republic of China
1256:, as well as implementing the CCP's efforts to
1235:
2319:Xinjiang Guannong Fruit & Antler Co., Ltd.
2315:(新疆天富能源股份有限公司) (天富能源, 600509.SS) – electricity
4947:
4727:
3734:
2515:
2513:
2511:
2509:
2507:
2505:
2290:(新疆伊力特实业股份有限公司) (伊力特, 600197.SS) – primarily
1346:usually a deputy-ministerial level official.
958:
907:Xinjiang Province, People's Republic of China
524:
510:
449:
435:
382:
368:
315:
301:
8:
2334:Xinjiang Sayram Modern Agriculture Co., Ltd.
1079:The XJBT draws from the traditional Chinese
2762:
2760:
2269:(新疆天业股份有限公司) (新疆天业, 600075.SS) – primarily
2260:(新疆百花村股份有限公司) (百花村, 600721.SS) – primarily
601:Shinjang Ishlepchiqirish Qurulush Bingtueni
5949:Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps
5864:East Turkistan National Awakening Movement
5488:Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps
4954:
4940:
4932:
4743:Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps
4734:
4720:
4712:
4530:
4338:
4135:
3952:
3943:
3786:
3741:
3727:
3719:
3708:
3612:Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps
3512:Allen-Ebrahimian, Bethany (26 July 2022).
2800:Allen-Ebrahimian, Bethany (31 July 2020).
2418:Allen-Ebrahimian, Bethany (26 July 2022).
1241:In July 2020, the United States announced
987:Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps
965:
951:
616:
585:
533:
466:
391:
324:
282:Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps
213:
64:Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps
5969:Paramilitary organizations based in China
3660:The Australian Journal of Chinese Affairs
2485:
2483:
2481:
2479:
2477:
2186:XJBT's primary economic activity remains
1469:(southern, directly administered portion)
2069:
2066:
1710:
1379:
1363:prefecture-level administrative division
5067:Protectorate General to Pacify the West
3653:Study of the Infrastructure of Xinjiang
2622:. History and Development of Xinjiang.
2492:Governing China's Multiethnic Frontiers
2366:
2303:Xinjiang Tianhong Papermaking Co., Ltd.
630:
619:
78:شىنجاڭ ئىشلەپچىقىرىش قۇرۇلۇش بىڭتۇەنى
3430:from the original on 20 September 2019
1361:. Each XJBT division corresponds to a
578:شىنجاڭ ئىشلەپچىقىرىش قۇرۇلۇش بىڭتۇەنى
278:
60:
6004:Chinese companies established in 1954
5019:Chief Official of the Western Regions
3554:from the original on 3 September 2021
3540:Rajagopalan, Megha (10 August 2021).
3493:from the original on 30 December 2019
3341:
3339:
3337:
3322:from the original on 22 December 2019
3209:Sheffield Hallam University
3199:
3197:
3195:
3097:
3095:
3093:
3091:
2831:
2829:
2372:
2370:
2327:(新疆青松建材化工股份有限公司) (青松建化, 600425.SS) –
2070:Ethnic groups in XJBT, 2002 estimate
1335:Communist Party Secretary of Xinjiang
1220:United States sanctions against China
1166:The XJBT was severely damaged by the
7:
5921:
5106:Turkic settlement of the Tarim Basin
3667:"The Conqueror of China's Wild West"
3369:from the original on 12 January 2020
3281:from the original on 19 January 2020
3070:EUR Lex Access to European Union Law
3010:from the original on 3 February 2023
2946:from the original on 3 December 2020
2614:
2612:
2610:
2608:
2606:
2604:
2602:
2522:"The Conqueror of China's Wild West"
1273:United States Department of Commerce
883:Xinjiang Province, Republic of China
5964:Government-owned companies of China
5014:Protectorate of the Western Regions
3639:the Chinese Knowledge (XXG) article
3180:from the original on 10 August 2020
2849:from the original on 23 August 2020
2814:from the original on 23 August 2020
2745:from the original on 24 August 2020
2712:from the original on 22 August 2020
2353:(塔里木大学)); its own daily newspaper,
2305:(新疆天宏纸业股份有限公司) (新疆天宏, 600419.SS) –
2251:Center for Advanced Defense Studies
5859:East Turkistan Government in Exile
5667:2014 China–Vietnam border shootout
3076:from the original on 26 March 2021
2913:from the original on 3 August 2020
2881:from the original on 4 August 2020
2568:from the original on 20 March 2017
2325:Xinjiang Qingsong Cement Co., Ltd.
2288:Xinjiang Yilite Industry Co., Ltd.
1269:U.S. Customs and Border Protection
1216:Uyghur Forced Labor Prevention Act
1108:took control of Xinjiang in 1949,
14:
3584:from the original on 23 June 2022
3460:from the original on 22 June 2023
3140:from the original on 16 June 2018
3046:from the original on 21 June 2022
2978:from the original on 23 June 2021
2932:Lawder, David (3 December 2020).
2874:United States Department of State
2781:from the original on 31 July 2020
2630:from the original on 3 March 2016
2596:Andrew Erickson, 16 November 2019
2462:from the original on 27 July 2022
2399:from the original on 3 March 2016
2392:China Internet Information Center
2210:. Important products are cotton,
1014:Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region
993:; 新疆生产建设兵团; 新疆兵团), also known as
918:Production and Construction Corps
5994:Non-combatant military personnel
5920:
5909:
5908:
5366:Xinjiang Agricultural University
4635:Ethnic minority autonomous areas
3479:Olesen, Alexa (8 October 2014).
2698:Douclose, Eva (22 August 2020).
2562:State Council Information Office
2313:Xinjiang Tianfu Energy Co., Ltd.
2027:
1466:Ili Kazakh Autonomous Prefecture
1426:Bayingolin Autonomous Prefecture
1172:Soviet Union invaded Afghanistan
997:("The Corps"), trading with the
912:Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region
753:Medieval and early modern period
641:
132:
113:
88:
25:
5692:Persecution of Uyghurs in China
3683:, Asia Sentinel, 13 April 2008.
3239:from the original on 1 May 2020
2842:U.S. Department of the Treasury
2520:O'Neill, Mark (13 April 2008).
1277:Bureau of Industry and Security
1212:Persecution of Uyghurs in China
932:Persecution of Uyghurs in China
425:Second alternative Chinese name
5974:Government paramilitary forces
5612:September 2009 Xinjiang unrest
5236:Second East Turkestan Republic
5190:Revolt of the Altishahr Khojas
2767:Lipes, Joshua (31 July 2020).
2496:University of Washington Press
1291:Following the U.S. footsteps,
600:
555:
525:
511:
488:
450:
436:
413:
383:
369:
346:
316:
302:
1:
5504:Apak Khoja and Xiang Fei Tomb
5231:First East Turkestan Republic
5158:Dzungar conquest of Altishahr
1508:Changji Autonomous Prefecture
1488:Bortala Autonomous Prefecture
1305:Council of the European Union
5989:1954 establishments in China
5657:2013 Tiananmen Square attack
5642:Tianjin Airlines Flight 7554
5200:Holy War of the Seven Khojas
3626:Resources in other libraries
3450:"新疆生产建设兵团2022年国民经济和社会发展统计公报"
2731:Linda Lew (24 August 2020).
2258:Xinjiang Baihuacun Co., Ltd.
1706:sub-prefectural-level cities
1333:. The XJBT is headed by the
1059:Xinjiang Committee secretary
167:Headquarters and area served
6009:Settler colonialism in Asia
5959:Companies based in Xinjiang
5682:Assassination of Juma Tayir
5371:Xinjiang Medical University
4249:Yengisar / Yingjisha County
3655:, Security Research Review.
3637:Originally translated from
3414:Feng, Emily (23 May 2018).
3103:"Decoding Chinese Politics"
2661:University of Chicago Press
2556:康小兰, ed. (5 October 2014).
2456:Sheffield Hallam University
899:2nd East Turkestan Republic
894:1st East Turkestan Republic
6030:
5886:China–Kyrgyzstan relations
5881:China–Kazakhstan relations
5248:People's Republic of China
3690:2, 2000, pp. 171–193.
1353:, XJBT is subdivided into
1209:
1191:Xinjiang Military District
1072:
121:People's Republic of China
5904:
5687:Xinjiang internment camps
4970:
4622:
4239:Yengixahar / Shule County
4229:Kargilik / Yecheng County
3955:
3766:
3679:21 September 2013 at the
3672:21 September 2013 at the
3621:Resources in your library
2297:Xinjiang Chalkis Co., Ltd
2267:Xinjiang Tianye Co., Ltd.
1995:
1976:
1957:
1938:
1919:
1900:
1881:
1862:
1843:
1824:
1805:
1786:
1767:
1743:
1729:
1713:
1528:Ili Autonomous Prefecture
1316:Organization and function
928:Xinjiang internment camps
611:
584:
577:
532:
465:
390:
323:
286:
153:Paramilitary organisation
87:
77:
68:
5891:China–Pakistan relations
5672:April 2014 Ürümqi attack
5652:June 2013 Shanshan riots
5582:1997 Ürümqi bus bombings
5343:Lanzhou–Xinjiang railway
4259:Konaxahar / Shufu County
4234:Yopurga / Yuepuhu County
4214:Maralbexi / Bachu County
2738:South China Morning Post
2490:Rossabi, Morris (2005).
1369:Administrative structure
1193:, a part of the current
1139:as its first commander.
1110:People's Liberation Army
1012:organization in China's
736:Eastern Turkic Khaganate
731:Western Turkic Khaganate
520:Traditional Chinese
445:Traditional Chinese
378:Traditional Chinese
358:Alternative Chinese name
311:Traditional Chinese
5647:April 2013 Bachu unrest
5467:Chinese Islamic cuisine
4254:Yarkant / Shache County
4244:Makit / Maigaiti County
3782:Prefecture-level cities
3648:, no. 44 (2000): 65–90.
1836:1966–1975, 1980–present
1817:1953–1975, 1980–present
1798:1953–1975, 1980–present
1779:1953–1975, 1980–present
1719:designation as a "city"
1195:Western Theater Command
1106:Chinese Communist Party
1055:Chinese Communist Party
741:Second Turkic Khaganate
556:Zhōngguó Xīnjiàn Jítuán
506:Simplified Chinese
431:Simplified Chinese
364:Simplified Chinese
297:Simplified Chinese
139:Chinese Communist Party
5896:China–Turkey relations
5677:May 2014 Ürümqi attack
5607:July 2009 Ürümqi riots
5212:Reconquest of Xinjiang
5072:Four Garrisons of Anxi
4313:Keriya / Yutian County
4264:Taxkorgan Tajik County
4064:Hoboksar Mongol County
3750:County-level divisions
3662:, no. 6 (1981): 65–96.
2592:27 August 2020 at the
2262:information technology
1389:Location (approximate)
1309:public security bureau
1267:In December 2020, the
1239:
1176:Islamic fundamentalism
1158:, rioting occurred in
1152:reserve military force
1006:state-owned enterprise
982:
726:First Turkic Khaganate
186:Bingtuan ("The Corps")
149:State-owned enterprise
36:is missing information
5876:World Uyghur Congress
5869:Independence movement
5839:Migration to Xinjiang
5632:Pishan hostage crisis
4318:Karakax / Moyu County
4303:Gumar / Pishan County
4298:Niya / Minfeng County
3939:autonomous prefecture
3230:Oxford University BSG
3003:Global Affairs Canada
2452:Helena Kennedy Centre
1611:Construction Division
1331:sub-provincial cities
1293:Global Affairs Canada
1120:, and from the local
1075:Migration to Xinjiang
980:
5627:2011 Kashgar attacks
5572:1992 Ürümqi bombings
5524:Grand Bazaar, Ürümqi
5303:Gurbantünggüt Desert
5079:Beiting Protectorate
4219:Poskam / Zepu County
3923:Barkol Kazakh County
3395:on 29 September 2007
2532:on 21 September 2013
1337:, who is "executive
1243:Global Magnitsky Act
1148:Gurbantünggüt Desert
1002:China Xinjiang Group
103:1954 – present
5813:Ghulam Osman Yaghma
5662:2014 Kunming attack
5637:2012 Yecheng attack
5597:2008 Kashgar attack
5497:Visitor attractions
5361:Xinjiang University
5323:Karakoram Mountains
5195:Afaqi Khoja revolts
5101:Kara-Khanid Khanate
4535:County-level cities
3862:Baijiantan District
3824:Dabancheng District
3037:European Parliament
2705:The Washington Post
2498:. pp. 157–158.
2341:Education and media
1377:The divisions are:
1339:political commissar
1303:In March 2021, the
1275:placed XJBT on the
1168:Cultural Revolution
1031:Cultural Revolution
826:Ming ruled Kara Del
783:Kara-Khanid Khanate
500:China Xinjian Group
243:and Party Secretary
241:Political Commissar
229:Political Commissar
5592:2008 Uyghur unrest
5587:2007 Xinjiang raid
5562:1989 Ürümqi unrest
5409:Tocharian clothing
4822:Under construction
4428:Bayingholin Mongol
4308:Qira / Cele County
4293:Lop / Luopu County
4013:Qapqal Xibe County
3814:Shuimogou District
3357:. 9 January 2020.
3307:The New York Times
3269:. 9 January 2020.
3205:Sheffield, UK
2347:Shihezi University
1574:Tacheng Prefecture
1446:Kashgar Prefecture
983:
759:Tang Protectorates
38:about recruitment.
5936:
5935:
5849:Chinese Turkestan
5622:2011 Hotan attack
5617:2010 Aksu bombing
5602:Shaoguan incident
5554:Xinjiang conflict
5509:Flaming Mountains
5399:Meshrep gathering
5318:Turpan Depression
5313:Taklamakan Desert
5297:Southern Xinjiang
5253:PRC incorporation
5219:Republic of China
5163:Dzungar–Qing Wars
5026:Kingdom of Khotan
4929:
4928:
4709:
4708:
4618:
4617:
4519:
4518:
4326:
4325:
4224:Payzawat / Jiashi
4125:
4124:
4121:
4120:
3931:
3930:
3885:Gaochang District
3857:Dushanzi District
3819:Toutunhe District
3799:Tianshan District
3760:Autonomous Region
3646:The China Journal
3607:Library resources
3456:. 28 March 2023.
3454:www.btdsys.gov.cn
3072:. 22 March 2021.
3039:. 23 March 2021.
3006:. 10 March 2022.
2652:The China Journal
2166:Economic activity
2163:
2162:
2061:
2060:
2016:
2015:
1890:February 26, 2014
1871:December 30, 2012
1852:November 28, 2011
1717:Dates of official
1689:
1688:
1349:Headquartered in
1156:Sino-Soviet split
1144:Taklamakan Desert
1122:Ili National Army
1035:Soviet-Afghan War
975:
974:
923:Xinjiang conflict
691:Kingdom of Khotan
615:
614:
607:
606:
562:
561:
543:Standard Mandarin
495:
494:
476:Standard Mandarin
420:
419:
414:Xīnjiāng Bīngtuán
401:Standard Mandarin
353:
352:
334:Standard Mandarin
274:
273:
59:
58:
6021:
5924:
5923:
5912:
5911:
5333:Kunlun Mountains
5168:Dzungar genocide
5128:Chagatai Khanate
5091:Uyghur Khaganate
5031:Sixteen Kingdoms
4956:
4949:
4942:
4933:
4736:
4729:
4722:
4713:
4636:
4628:
4531:
4339:
4136:
3953:
3944:
3852:Karamay District
3787:
3743:
3736:
3729:
3720:
3715:
3712:
3707:
3706:
3704:Official website
3594:
3593:
3591:
3589:
3580:. 14 June 2022.
3570:
3564:
3563:
3561:
3559:
3537:
3531:
3530:
3528:
3526:
3509:
3503:
3502:
3500:
3498:
3476:
3470:
3469:
3467:
3465:
3446:
3440:
3439:
3437:
3435:
3419:
3411:
3405:
3404:
3402:
3400:
3391:. Archived from
3385:
3379:
3378:
3376:
3374:
3350:
3343:
3332:
3331:
3329:
3327:
3297:
3291:
3290:
3288:
3286:
3262:
3255:
3249:
3248:
3246:
3244:
3238:
3227:
3218:
3212:
3201:
3190:
3189:
3187:
3185:
3168:. 31 July 2020.
3156:
3150:
3149:
3147:
3145:
3134:www.bsg.ox.ac.uk
3126:
3120:
3119:
3117:
3115:
3099:
3086:
3085:
3083:
3081:
3062:
3056:
3055:
3053:
3051:
3045:
3034:
3026:
3020:
3019:
3017:
3015:
2994:
2988:
2987:
2985:
2983:
2974:. 23 June 2021.
2962:
2956:
2955:
2953:
2951:
2929:
2923:
2922:
2920:
2918:
2909:. 31 July 2020.
2897:
2891:
2890:
2888:
2886:
2865:
2859:
2858:
2856:
2854:
2845:. 31 July 2020.
2833:
2824:
2823:
2821:
2819:
2797:
2791:
2790:
2788:
2786:
2764:
2755:
2754:
2752:
2750:
2728:
2722:
2721:
2719:
2717:
2695:
2689:
2688:
2646:
2640:
2639:
2637:
2635:
2616:
2597:
2584:
2578:
2577:
2575:
2573:
2558:"新疆生产建设兵团的历史与发展"
2553:
2542:
2541:
2539:
2537:
2528:. Archived from
2517:
2500:
2499:
2487:
2472:
2471:
2469:
2467:
2443:
2437:
2436:
2434:
2432:
2415:
2409:
2408:
2406:
2404:
2383:
2377:
2374:
2351:Tarim University
2182:
2178:
2067:
2056:
2053:
2047:
2031:
2030:
2023:
1985:January 20, 2023
1966:February 4, 2021
1947:December 6, 2019
1928:January 20, 2016
1833:January 19, 2004
1814:January 19, 2004
1795:January 19, 2004
1753:Tianbei New Area
1722:Governing period
1711:
1679:Hotan Prefecture
1594:Altay Prefecture
1380:
1307:listed the XJBT
1254:internment camps
1114:First Field Army
1101:, and Xinjiang.
967:
960:
953:
852:Dzungar genocide
806:Chagatai Khanate
788:Kingdom of Qocho
778:Uyghur Khaganate
679:Han Protectorate
645:
635:
617:
603:
602:
586:
579:
558:
557:
534:
528:
527:
514:
513:
491:
490:
467:
453:
452:
439:
438:
416:
415:
392:
386:
385:
372:
371:
349:
348:
325:
319:
318:
305:
304:
279:
217:
212:
209:
207:
205:
137:
136:
135:
123:
119:
117:
116:
92:
79:
74:
61:
54:
51:
45:
29:
21:
6029:
6028:
6024:
6023:
6022:
6020:
6019:
6018:
5939:
5938:
5937:
5932:
5900:
5822:
5808:Shirzat Bawudun
5763:Saifuddin Azizi
5696:
5577:Ghulja incident
5548:
5492:
5483:Cotton industry
5471:
5413:
5375:
5347:
5338:Pamir Mountains
5328:Altai Mountains
5259:
5153:Dzungar Khanate
5148:Yarkent Khanate
4980:
4966:
4960:
4930:
4925:
4909:
4848:
4817:
4746:
4740:
4710:
4705:
4704:
4634:
4626:
4614:
4515:
4481:
4472:Ruoqiang County
4422:
4387:
4333:
4322:
4268:
4208:Kashgar / Kashi
4200:Kashgar / Kashi
4194:
4170:Baicheng County
4117:
4068:
4017:
3983:Huocheng County
3938:
3927:
3913:Yizhou District
3899:
3895:Shanshan County
3871:
3838:
3829:Midong District
3809:Xinshi District
3804:Saybag District
3776:
3762:
3747:
3713:
3702:
3701:
3698:
3693:
3681:Wayback Machine
3674:Wayback Machine
3665:O'Neill, Mark,
3632:
3631:
3630:
3615:
3614:
3610:
3603:
3598:
3597:
3587:
3585:
3572:
3571:
3567:
3557:
3555:
3539:
3538:
3534:
3524:
3522:
3511:
3510:
3506:
3496:
3494:
3478:
3477:
3473:
3463:
3461:
3448:
3447:
3443:
3433:
3431:
3423:Financial Times
3413:
3412:
3408:
3398:
3396:
3387:
3386:
3382:
3372:
3370:
3345:
3344:
3335:
3325:
3323:
3299:
3298:
3294:
3284:
3282:
3257:
3256:
3252:
3242:
3240:
3236:
3225:
3220:
3219:
3215:
3202:
3193:
3183:
3181:
3158:
3157:
3153:
3143:
3141:
3128:
3127:
3123:
3113:
3111:
3101:
3100:
3089:
3079:
3077:
3064:
3063:
3059:
3049:
3047:
3043:
3032:
3028:
3027:
3023:
3013:
3011:
2996:
2995:
2991:
2981:
2979:
2964:
2963:
2959:
2949:
2947:
2931:
2930:
2926:
2916:
2914:
2899:
2898:
2894:
2884:
2882:
2867:
2866:
2862:
2852:
2850:
2835:
2834:
2827:
2817:
2815:
2799:
2798:
2794:
2784:
2782:
2774:Radio Free Asia
2766:
2765:
2758:
2748:
2746:
2730:
2729:
2725:
2715:
2713:
2697:
2696:
2692:
2669:10.2307/2667477
2648:
2647:
2643:
2633:
2631:
2618:
2617:
2600:
2594:Wayback Machine
2585:
2581:
2571:
2569:
2555:
2554:
2545:
2535:
2533:
2519:
2518:
2503:
2489:
2488:
2475:
2465:
2463:
2445:
2444:
2440:
2430:
2428:
2417:
2416:
2412:
2402:
2400:
2385:
2384:
2380:
2375:
2368:
2363:
2343:
2247:
2238:factory farming
2180:
2176:
2168:
2057:
2051:
2048:
2045:
2032:
2028:
2021:
1776:January 2, 1976
1738:August 29, 1975
1718:
1701:
1608:
1530:
1468:
1406:Aksu Prefecture
1371:
1318:
1301:
1289:
1264:in the region.
1222:
1208:
1203:
1077:
1071:
971:
942:
941:
889:Xinjiang clique
878:
870:
869:
862:Qing reconquest
831:Dzungar Khanate
754:
746:
745:
683:Chief Officials
673:Western Regions
653:
633:
626:
458:Literal meaning
277:
264:
202:
185:
151:
133:
131:
114:
112:
111:
95:
83:
72:
55:
49:
46:
39:
30:
17:
12:
11:
5:
6027:
6025:
6017:
6016:
6011:
6006:
6001:
5996:
5991:
5986:
5981:
5976:
5971:
5966:
5961:
5956:
5951:
5941:
5940:
5934:
5933:
5931:
5930:
5918:
5905:
5902:
5901:
5899:
5898:
5893:
5888:
5883:
5878:
5873:
5872:
5871:
5861:
5856:
5854:East Turkestan
5851:
5846:
5841:
5836:
5830:
5828:
5824:
5823:
5821:
5820:
5815:
5810:
5805:
5800:
5795:
5790:
5788:Zhang Chunxian
5785:
5780:
5775:
5770:
5765:
5760:
5755:
5753:Ehmetjan Qasim
5750:
5745:
5740:
5735:
5730:
5725:
5720:
5718:Jahangir Khoja
5715:
5710:
5704:
5702:
5698:
5697:
5695:
5694:
5689:
5684:
5679:
5674:
5669:
5664:
5659:
5654:
5649:
5644:
5639:
5634:
5629:
5624:
5619:
5614:
5609:
5604:
5599:
5594:
5589:
5584:
5579:
5574:
5569:
5567:Barin uprising
5564:
5558:
5556:
5550:
5549:
5547:
5546:
5541:
5536:
5531:
5526:
5521:
5516:
5511:
5506:
5500:
5498:
5494:
5493:
5491:
5490:
5485:
5479:
5477:
5473:
5472:
5470:
5469:
5464:
5459:
5454:
5449:
5444:
5439:
5434:
5429:
5423:
5421:
5415:
5414:
5412:
5411:
5406:
5401:
5396:
5391:
5389:Doppa Festival
5385:
5383:
5377:
5376:
5374:
5373:
5368:
5363:
5357:
5355:
5349:
5348:
5346:
5345:
5340:
5335:
5330:
5325:
5320:
5315:
5310:
5305:
5300:
5290:
5280:
5275:
5269:
5267:
5261:
5260:
5258:
5257:
5256:
5255:
5245:
5244:
5243:
5233:
5228:
5227:
5226:
5216:
5215:
5214:
5209:
5207:General of Ili
5204:
5203:
5202:
5192:
5187:
5177:
5172:
5171:
5170:
5165:
5160:
5150:
5145:
5143:Turpan Khanate
5140:
5135:
5130:
5125:
5120:
5115:
5110:
5109:
5108:
5098:
5093:
5088:
5086:Tibetan Empire
5083:
5082:
5081:
5076:
5075:
5074:
5059:
5038:
5033:
5028:
5023:
5022:
5021:
5016:
5006:
5001:
4996:
4990:
4988:
4982:
4981:
4971:
4968:
4967:
4961:
4959:
4958:
4951:
4944:
4936:
4927:
4926:
4924:
4923:
4917:
4915:
4911:
4910:
4908:
4907:
4902:
4897:
4892:
4887:
4882:
4877:
4872:
4867:
4862:
4856:
4854:
4850:
4849:
4847:
4846:
4841:
4836:
4831:
4825:
4823:
4819:
4818:
4816:
4815:
4810:
4805:
4800:
4795:
4790:
4785:
4780:
4775:
4770:
4765:
4760:
4754:
4752:
4748:
4747:
4741:
4739:
4738:
4731:
4724:
4716:
4707:
4706:
4703:
4702:
4697:
4692:
4687:
4682:
4677:
4672:
4667:
4662:
4657:
4652:
4647:
4642:
4637:
4631:
4630:
4629:
4623:
4620:
4619:
4616:
4615:
4613:
4612:
4606:
4600:
4594:
4588:
4582:
4576:
4570:
4564:
4558:
4552:
4546:
4539:
4537:
4528:
4521:
4520:
4517:
4516:
4514:
4513:
4508:
4506:Ulugqat County
4503:
4498:
4491:
4489:
4487:Kizilsu Kyrgyz
4483:
4482:
4480:
4479:
4474:
4469:
4464:
4459:
4454:
4449:
4444:
4439:
4432:
4430:
4424:
4423:
4421:
4420:
4418:Wenquan County
4415:
4410:
4404:
4397:
4395:
4393:Bortala Mongol
4389:
4388:
4386:
4385:
4380:
4375:
4370:
4365:
4360:
4354:
4347:
4345:
4336:
4328:
4327:
4324:
4323:
4321:
4320:
4315:
4310:
4305:
4300:
4295:
4290:
4285:
4278:
4276:
4274:Hotan / Hetian
4270:
4269:
4267:
4266:
4261:
4256:
4251:
4246:
4241:
4236:
4231:
4226:
4221:
4216:
4211:
4204:
4202:
4196:
4195:
4193:
4192:
4187:
4182:
4177:
4172:
4167:
4162:
4157:
4151:
4144:
4142:
4133:
4127:
4126:
4123:
4122:
4119:
4118:
4116:
4115:
4110:
4105:
4100:
4095:
4093:Jeminay County
4090:
4085:
4078:
4076:
4070:
4069:
4067:
4066:
4061:
4056:
4051:
4046:
4040:
4034:
4027:
4025:
4019:
4018:
4016:
4015:
4010:
4005:
4000:
3995:
3993:Xinyuan County
3990:
3988:Gongliu County
3985:
3980:
3975:
3969:
3963:
3956:
3950:
3941:
3937:Sub-provincial
3933:
3932:
3929:
3928:
3926:
3925:
3920:
3915:
3909:
3907:
3901:
3900:
3898:
3897:
3892:
3887:
3881:
3879:
3873:
3872:
3870:
3869:
3864:
3859:
3854:
3848:
3846:
3840:
3839:
3837:
3836:
3831:
3826:
3821:
3816:
3811:
3806:
3801:
3795:
3793:
3784:
3778:
3777:
3767:
3764:
3763:
3748:
3746:
3745:
3738:
3731:
3723:
3717:
3716:
3697:
3696:External links
3694:
3692:
3691:
3684:
3663:
3656:
3651:Desai, Sohum,
3649:
3642:
3633:
3629:
3628:
3623:
3617:
3616:
3605:
3604:
3602:
3599:
3596:
3595:
3565:
3532:
3504:
3486:Foreign Policy
3471:
3441:
3406:
3380:
3333:
3292:
3250:
3213:
3191:
3151:
3121:
3087:
3057:
3021:
2989:
2957:
2924:
2892:
2860:
2825:
2792:
2756:
2723:
2690:
2641:
2598:
2579:
2543:
2501:
2473:
2438:
2410:
2378:
2365:
2364:
2362:
2359:
2355:Bingtuan Daily
2342:
2339:
2338:
2337:
2331:
2322:
2316:
2310:
2300:
2294:
2285:
2279:
2273:
2264:
2246:
2243:
2204:vegetable oils
2202:, food crops,
2177:US$ 52 billion
2173:CN¥350 billion
2167:
2164:
2161:
2160:
2157:
2154:
2150:
2149:
2146:
2143:
2137:
2136:
2133:
2130:
2124:
2123:
2120:
2117:
2111:
2110:
2107:
2104:
2098:
2097:
2094:
2091:
2085:
2084:
2081:
2078:
2072:
2071:
2059:
2058:
2035:
2033:
2026:
2020:
2017:
2014:
2013:
2010:
2007:
2004:
2001:
1993:
1992:
1989:
1986:
1983:
1980:
1974:
1973:
1970:
1967:
1964:
1961:
1955:
1954:
1951:
1948:
1945:
1942:
1936:
1935:
1932:
1929:
1926:
1923:
1917:
1916:
1913:
1910:
1909:March 18, 2015
1907:
1904:
1898:
1897:
1894:
1891:
1888:
1885:
1879:
1878:
1875:
1872:
1869:
1866:
1860:
1859:
1856:
1853:
1850:
1847:
1841:
1840:
1837:
1834:
1831:
1828:
1822:
1821:
1818:
1815:
1812:
1809:
1803:
1802:
1799:
1796:
1793:
1790:
1784:
1783:
1780:
1777:
1774:
1771:
1765:
1764:
1761:
1758:
1755:
1750:
1746:
1745:
1742:
1739:
1736:
1733:
1727:
1726:
1723:
1720:
1715:
1700:
1697:
1687:
1686:
1681:
1676:
1673:
1667:
1666:
1661:
1656:
1653:
1647:
1646:
1641:
1636:
1633:
1627:
1626:
1624:Xinshi, Ürümqi
1621:
1616:
1613:
1602:
1601:
1596:
1591:
1588:
1582:
1581:
1576:
1571:
1568:
1562:
1561:
1556:
1550:
1547:
1541:
1540:
1535:
1525:
1522:
1516:
1515:
1510:
1505:
1502:
1496:
1495:
1490:
1485:
1482:
1476:
1475:
1470:
1463:
1460:
1454:
1453:
1448:
1443:
1440:
1434:
1433:
1428:
1423:
1420:
1414:
1413:
1408:
1403:
1400:
1394:
1393:
1390:
1387:
1384:
1370:
1367:
1317:
1314:
1300:
1299:European Union
1297:
1288:
1285:
1207:
1204:
1202:
1199:
1099:Inner Mongolia
1070:
1067:
973:
972:
970:
969:
962:
955:
947:
944:
943:
940:
939:
938:
937:
936:
935:
920:
909:
904:
903:
902:
896:
891:
879:
876:
875:
872:
871:
868:
867:
866:
865:
859:
854:
843:
838:
833:
828:
823:
809:
795:
790:
785:
780:
775:
773:Tibetan Empire
770:
755:
752:
751:
748:
747:
744:
743:
738:
733:
728:
723:
718:
713:
708:
703:
698:
693:
688:
687:
686:
670:
665:
660:
654:
652:Ancient period
651:
650:
647:
646:
638:
637:
628:
627:
620:
613:
612:
609:
608:
605:
604:
597:
591:
590:
589:Transcriptions
582:
581:
575:
569:
568:
564:
563:
560:
559:
552:
546:
545:
539:
538:
537:Transcriptions
530:
529:
522:
516:
515:
508:
502:
501:
497:
496:
493:
492:
485:
479:
478:
472:
471:
470:Transcriptions
463:
462:
459:
455:
454:
447:
441:
440:
433:
427:
426:
422:
421:
418:
417:
410:
404:
403:
397:
396:
395:Transcriptions
388:
387:
380:
374:
373:
366:
360:
359:
355:
354:
351:
350:
343:
337:
336:
330:
329:
328:Transcriptions
321:
320:
313:
307:
306:
299:
293:
292:
288:
287:
284:
283:
275:
272:
271:
266:
260:
259:
254:
250:
249:
244:
237:
236:
231:
224:
223:
219:
218:
200:
196:
195:
192:
188:
187:
182:
178:
177:
168:
164:
163:
160:
156:
155:
146:
142:
141:
129:
125:
124:
109:
105:
104:
101:
97:
96:
93:
85:
84:
82:
81:
75:
69:
66:
65:
57:
56:
33:
31:
24:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
6026:
6015:
6012:
6010:
6007:
6005:
6002:
6000:
5997:
5995:
5992:
5990:
5987:
5985:
5982:
5980:
5977:
5975:
5972:
5970:
5967:
5965:
5962:
5960:
5957:
5955:
5952:
5950:
5947:
5946:
5944:
5929:
5928:
5919:
5917:
5916:
5907:
5906:
5903:
5897:
5894:
5892:
5889:
5887:
5884:
5882:
5879:
5877:
5874:
5870:
5867:
5866:
5865:
5862:
5860:
5857:
5855:
5852:
5850:
5847:
5845:
5842:
5840:
5837:
5835:
5834:Uyghur people
5832:
5831:
5829:
5825:
5819:
5816:
5814:
5811:
5809:
5806:
5804:
5801:
5799:
5798:Salih Hudayar
5796:
5794:
5791:
5789:
5786:
5784:
5781:
5779:
5776:
5774:
5771:
5769:
5768:Rebiya Kadeer
5766:
5764:
5761:
5759:
5756:
5754:
5751:
5749:
5746:
5744:
5743:Sabit Damolla
5741:
5739:
5736:
5734:
5731:
5729:
5726:
5724:
5721:
5719:
5716:
5714:
5711:
5709:
5706:
5705:
5703:
5699:
5693:
5690:
5688:
5685:
5683:
5680:
5678:
5675:
5673:
5670:
5668:
5665:
5663:
5660:
5658:
5655:
5653:
5650:
5648:
5645:
5643:
5640:
5638:
5635:
5633:
5630:
5628:
5625:
5623:
5620:
5618:
5615:
5613:
5610:
5608:
5605:
5603:
5600:
5598:
5595:
5593:
5590:
5588:
5585:
5583:
5580:
5578:
5575:
5573:
5570:
5568:
5565:
5563:
5560:
5559:
5557:
5555:
5551:
5545:
5542:
5540:
5537:
5535:
5532:
5530:
5529:Id Kah Mosque
5527:
5525:
5522:
5520:
5517:
5515:
5512:
5510:
5507:
5505:
5502:
5501:
5499:
5495:
5489:
5486:
5484:
5481:
5480:
5478:
5474:
5468:
5465:
5463:
5460:
5458:
5455:
5453:
5450:
5448:
5445:
5443:
5440:
5438:
5435:
5433:
5430:
5428:
5425:
5424:
5422:
5420:
5416:
5410:
5407:
5405:
5402:
5400:
5397:
5395:
5392:
5390:
5387:
5386:
5384:
5382:
5378:
5372:
5369:
5367:
5364:
5362:
5359:
5358:
5356:
5354:
5350:
5344:
5341:
5339:
5336:
5334:
5331:
5329:
5326:
5324:
5321:
5319:
5316:
5314:
5311:
5309:
5308:Kumtag Desert
5306:
5304:
5301:
5298:
5294:
5291:
5288:
5284:
5283:Junggar Basin
5281:
5279:
5276:
5274:
5271:
5270:
5268:
5266:
5262:
5254:
5251:
5250:
5249:
5246:
5242:
5241:Ili Rebellion
5239:
5238:
5237:
5234:
5232:
5229:
5225:
5224:Xinjiang Wars
5222:
5221:
5220:
5217:
5213:
5210:
5208:
5205:
5201:
5198:
5197:
5196:
5193:
5191:
5188:
5186:
5183:
5182:
5181:
5178:
5176:
5175:Kumul Khanate
5173:
5169:
5166:
5164:
5161:
5159:
5156:
5155:
5154:
5151:
5149:
5146:
5144:
5141:
5139:
5136:
5134:
5131:
5129:
5126:
5124:
5121:
5119:
5118:Mongol Empire
5116:
5114:
5111:
5107:
5104:
5103:
5102:
5099:
5097:
5094:
5092:
5089:
5087:
5084:
5080:
5077:
5073:
5070:
5069:
5068:
5065:
5064:
5063:
5060:
5058:
5054:
5050:
5046:
5042:
5039:
5037:
5034:
5032:
5029:
5027:
5024:
5020:
5017:
5015:
5012:
5011:
5010:
5007:
5005:
5002:
5000:
4997:
4995:
4992:
4991:
4989:
4987:
4983:
4978:
4974:
4969:
4964:
4957:
4952:
4950:
4945:
4943:
4938:
4937:
4934:
4922:
4919:
4918:
4916:
4912:
4906:
4903:
4901:
4898:
4896:
4893:
4891:
4888:
4886:
4883:
4881:
4878:
4876:
4873:
4871:
4868:
4866:
4863:
4861:
4858:
4857:
4855:
4851:
4845:
4842:
4840:
4837:
4835:
4832:
4830:
4827:
4826:
4824:
4820:
4814:
4811:
4809:
4806:
4804:
4801:
4799:
4796:
4794:
4791:
4789:
4786:
4784:
4781:
4779:
4776:
4774:
4771:
4769:
4766:
4764:
4761:
4759:
4756:
4755:
4753:
4749:
4744:
4737:
4732:
4730:
4725:
4723:
4718:
4717:
4714:
4701:
4698:
4696:
4693:
4691:
4688:
4686:
4683:
4681:
4678:
4676:
4673:
4671:
4668:
4666:
4663:
4661:
4658:
4656:
4653:
4651:
4648:
4646:
4643:
4641:
4638:
4633:
4632:
4625:
4624:
4621:
4610:
4607:
4604:
4601:
4598:
4595:
4592:
4589:
4586:
4583:
4580:
4577:
4574:
4571:
4568:
4565:
4562:
4559:
4556:
4553:
4550:
4547:
4544:
4541:
4540:
4538:
4536:
4532:
4529:
4526:
4522:
4512:
4509:
4507:
4504:
4502:
4499:
4496:
4493:
4492:
4490:
4488:
4484:
4478:
4475:
4473:
4470:
4468:
4467:Luntai County
4465:
4463:
4460:
4458:
4455:
4453:
4450:
4448:
4445:
4443:
4442:Hejing County
4440:
4437:
4434:
4433:
4431:
4429:
4425:
4419:
4416:
4414:
4413:Jinghe County
4411:
4408:
4405:
4402:
4399:
4398:
4396:
4394:
4390:
4384:
4381:
4379:
4378:Hutubi County
4376:
4374:
4373:Jimsar County
4371:
4369:
4366:
4364:
4361:
4358:
4355:
4352:
4349:
4348:
4346:
4344:
4340:
4337:
4335:
4329:
4319:
4316:
4314:
4311:
4309:
4306:
4304:
4301:
4299:
4296:
4294:
4291:
4289:
4286:
4283:
4280:
4279:
4277:
4275:
4271:
4265:
4262:
4260:
4257:
4255:
4252:
4250:
4247:
4245:
4242:
4240:
4237:
4235:
4232:
4230:
4227:
4225:
4222:
4220:
4217:
4215:
4212:
4209:
4206:
4205:
4203:
4201:
4197:
4191:
4188:
4186:
4183:
4181:
4180:Kalpin County
4178:
4176:
4173:
4171:
4168:
4166:
4163:
4161:
4158:
4155:
4152:
4149:
4146:
4145:
4143:
4141:
4137:
4134:
4132:
4128:
4114:
4113:Habahe County
4111:
4109:
4106:
4104:
4103:Burqin County
4101:
4099:
4096:
4094:
4091:
4089:
4088:Qinghe County
4086:
4083:
4080:
4079:
4077:
4075:
4071:
4065:
4062:
4060:
4057:
4055:
4052:
4050:
4047:
4044:
4041:
4038:
4035:
4032:
4029:
4028:
4026:
4024:
4020:
4014:
4011:
4009:
4006:
4004:
4001:
3999:
3998:Zhaosu County
3996:
3994:
3991:
3989:
3986:
3984:
3981:
3979:
3978:Yining County
3976:
3973:
3970:
3967:
3964:
3961:
3958:
3957:
3954:
3951:
3949:
3945:
3942:
3940:
3934:
3924:
3921:
3919:
3916:
3914:
3911:
3910:
3908:
3906:
3902:
3896:
3893:
3891:
3890:Toksun County
3888:
3886:
3883:
3882:
3880:
3878:
3874:
3868:
3867:Orku District
3865:
3863:
3860:
3858:
3855:
3853:
3850:
3849:
3847:
3845:
3841:
3835:
3834:Ürümqi County
3832:
3830:
3827:
3825:
3822:
3820:
3817:
3815:
3812:
3810:
3807:
3805:
3802:
3800:
3797:
3796:
3794:
3792:
3788:
3785:
3783:
3779:
3774:
3770:
3765:
3761:
3758:
3755:
3751:
3744:
3739:
3737:
3732:
3730:
3725:
3724:
3721:
3711:
3705:
3700:
3699:
3695:
3689:
3685:
3682:
3678:
3675:
3671:
3668:
3664:
3661:
3657:
3654:
3650:
3647:
3643:
3641:
3640:
3635:
3634:
3627:
3624:
3622:
3619:
3618:
3613:
3608:
3600:
3583:
3579:
3575:
3569:
3566:
3553:
3549:
3548:
3547:Buzzfeed News
3543:
3536:
3533:
3521:
3520:
3515:
3508:
3505:
3492:
3488:
3487:
3482:
3475:
3472:
3459:
3455:
3451:
3445:
3442:
3429:
3425:
3424:
3418:
3410:
3407:
3394:
3390:
3384:
3381:
3368:
3364:
3360:
3356:
3355:
3354:The Economist
3349:
3342:
3340:
3338:
3334:
3321:
3317:
3313:
3309:
3308:
3303:
3296:
3293:
3280:
3276:
3272:
3268:
3267:
3266:The Economist
3261:
3254:
3251:
3235:
3231:
3224:
3217:
3214:
3210:
3206:
3200:
3198:
3196:
3192:
3179:
3175:
3171:
3167:
3166:
3161:
3155:
3152:
3139:
3135:
3131:
3125:
3122:
3110:
3109:
3104:
3098:
3096:
3094:
3092:
3088:
3075:
3071:
3067:
3061:
3058:
3042:
3038:
3031:
3025:
3022:
3009:
3005:
3004:
2999:
2993:
2990:
2977:
2973:
2972:
2967:
2961:
2958:
2945:
2941:
2940:
2935:
2928:
2925:
2912:
2908:
2907:
2902:
2896:
2893:
2880:
2876:
2875:
2870:
2864:
2861:
2848:
2844:
2843:
2838:
2832:
2830:
2826:
2813:
2809:
2808:
2803:
2796:
2793:
2780:
2776:
2775:
2770:
2763:
2761:
2757:
2744:
2740:
2739:
2734:
2727:
2724:
2711:
2707:
2706:
2701:
2694:
2691:
2686:
2682:
2678:
2674:
2670:
2666:
2662:
2658:
2654:
2653:
2645:
2642:
2629:
2625:
2621:
2615:
2613:
2611:
2609:
2607:
2605:
2603:
2599:
2595:
2591:
2588:
2583:
2580:
2567:
2563:
2559:
2552:
2550:
2548:
2544:
2531:
2527:
2526:Asia Sentinel
2523:
2516:
2514:
2512:
2510:
2508:
2506:
2502:
2497:
2493:
2486:
2484:
2482:
2480:
2478:
2474:
2461:
2457:
2453:
2449:
2442:
2439:
2427:
2426:
2421:
2414:
2411:
2398:
2394:
2393:
2388:
2382:
2379:
2373:
2371:
2367:
2360:
2358:
2356:
2352:
2348:
2340:
2335:
2332:
2330:
2326:
2323:
2320:
2317:
2314:
2311:
2309:manufacturing
2308:
2304:
2301:
2298:
2295:
2293:
2289:
2286:
2283:
2280:
2277:
2274:
2272:
2268:
2265:
2263:
2259:
2256:
2255:
2254:
2252:
2244:
2242:
2239:
2235:
2231:
2228:
2224:
2221:
2217:
2213:
2209:
2205:
2201:
2197:
2193:
2189:
2184:
2174:
2165:
2158:
2155:
2152:
2151:
2147:
2144:
2142:
2139:
2138:
2134:
2131:
2129:
2126:
2125:
2121:
2118:
2116:
2113:
2112:
2108:
2105:
2103:
2100:
2099:
2095:
2092:
2090:
2087:
2086:
2082:
2079:
2077:
2074:
2073:
2068:
2065:
2055:
2043:
2040:) need to be
2039:
2034:
2025:
2024:
2018:
2011:
2008:
2005:
2002:
2000:
1999:
1994:
1990:
1987:
1984:
1981:
1979:
1975:
1971:
1968:
1965:
1962:
1960:
1956:
1952:
1949:
1946:
1943:
1941:
1937:
1933:
1930:
1927:
1924:
1922:
1918:
1914:
1911:
1908:
1905:
1903:
1899:
1895:
1892:
1889:
1886:
1884:
1880:
1876:
1873:
1870:
1867:
1865:
1861:
1857:
1854:
1851:
1848:
1846:
1842:
1838:
1835:
1832:
1829:
1827:
1823:
1819:
1816:
1813:
1810:
1808:
1804:
1800:
1797:
1794:
1791:
1789:
1785:
1781:
1778:
1775:
1772:
1770:
1766:
1762:
1759:
1756:
1754:
1751:
1748:
1747:
1740:
1737:
1734:
1732:
1728:
1724:
1721:
1716:
1712:
1709:
1707:
1698:
1696:
1694:
1685:
1682:
1680:
1677:
1674:
1672:
1671:14th Division
1669:
1668:
1665:
1662:
1660:
1657:
1654:
1652:
1651:13th Division
1649:
1648:
1645:
1642:
1640:
1637:
1634:
1632:
1631:12th Division
1629:
1628:
1625:
1622:
1620:
1617:
1614:
1612:
1607:
1606:11th Division
1604:
1603:
1600:
1597:
1595:
1592:
1589:
1587:
1586:10th Division
1584:
1583:
1580:
1577:
1575:
1572:
1569:
1567:
1564:
1563:
1560:
1557:
1555:
1552:area east of
1551:
1548:
1546:
1543:
1542:
1539:
1536:
1534:
1529:
1526:
1523:
1521:
1518:
1517:
1514:
1511:
1509:
1506:
1503:
1501:
1498:
1497:
1494:
1491:
1489:
1486:
1483:
1481:
1478:
1477:
1474:
1471:
1467:
1464:
1461:
1459:
1456:
1455:
1452:
1449:
1447:
1444:
1441:
1439:
1436:
1435:
1432:
1429:
1427:
1424:
1421:
1419:
1416:
1415:
1412:
1409:
1407:
1404:
1401:
1399:
1396:
1395:
1392:Headquarters
1391:
1388:
1385:
1382:
1381:
1378:
1375:
1368:
1366:
1364:
1360:
1356:
1352:
1347:
1344:
1340:
1336:
1332:
1326:
1323:
1322:State Council
1315:
1313:
1310:
1306:
1298:
1296:
1294:
1286:
1284:
1282:
1278:
1274:
1270:
1265:
1263:
1259:
1255:
1251:
1247:
1244:
1238:
1234:
1231:
1228:Commissioner
1227:
1221:
1217:
1213:
1206:United States
1205:
1200:
1198:
1196:
1192:
1187:
1185:
1180:
1177:
1173:
1169:
1164:
1161:
1157:
1153:
1149:
1145:
1140:
1138:
1134:
1130:
1125:
1123:
1119:
1115:
1111:
1107:
1102:
1100:
1096:
1092:
1088:
1084:
1083:
1076:
1068:
1066:
1064:
1060:
1056:
1050:
1048:
1044:
1040:
1036:
1032:
1028:
1027:
1022:
1017:
1015:
1011:
1007:
1003:
1000:
999:external name
996:
992:
988:
979:
968:
963:
961:
956:
954:
949:
948:
946:
945:
933:
929:
926:
925:
924:
921:
919:
915:
914:
913:
910:
908:
905:
900:
897:
895:
892:
890:
886:
885:
884:
881:
880:
877:Modern period
874:
873:
863:
860:
858:
857:Dungan Revolt
855:
853:
849:
848:
847:
844:
842:
839:
837:
836:Kumul Khanate
834:
832:
829:
827:
824:
821:
817:
813:
810:
807:
803:
799:
798:Mongol Empire
796:
794:
791:
789:
786:
784:
781:
779:
776:
774:
771:
768:
764:
760:
757:
756:
750:
749:
742:
739:
737:
734:
732:
729:
727:
724:
722:
719:
717:
714:
712:
711:Western Liang
709:
707:
704:
702:
699:
697:
694:
692:
689:
684:
680:
676:
675:
674:
671:
669:
666:
664:
661:
659:
656:
655:
649:
648:
644:
640:
639:
636:
629:
624:
618:
610:
598:
596:
592:
587:
583:
576:
574:
570:
565:
553:
551:
547:
544:
540:
535:
531:
523:
521:
517:
509:
507:
503:
498:
486:
484:
480:
477:
473:
468:
464:
460:
456:
448:
446:
442:
434:
432:
428:
423:
411:
409:
405:
402:
398:
393:
389:
381:
379:
375:
367:
365:
361:
356:
344:
342:
338:
335:
331:
326:
322:
314:
312:
308:
300:
298:
294:
289:
285:
280:
276:Military unit
270:
267:
261:
258:
255:
251:
248:
245:
242:
238:
235:
232:
230:
225:
220:
216:
211:
201:
197:
193:
189:
183:
179:
176:
172:
169:
165:
161:
157:
154:
150:
147:
143:
140:
130:
126:
122:
110:
106:
102:
98:
91:
86:
76:
71:
70:
67:
62:
53:
43:
37:
34:This article
32:
28:
23:
22:
19:
5925:
5913:
5818:Rahile Dawut
5803:Sattar Sawut
5748:Sheng Shicai
5733:Yang Zengxin
5728:Zuo Zongtang
5534:Karakul Lake
5514:Jiaohe ruins
5487:
5180:Qing dynasty
5123:Yuan dynasty
5062:Tang dynasty
4742:
4527:administered
4524:
4477:Yanqi County
4457:Qiemo County
4452:Hoxud County
4368:Manas County
4363:Qitai County
4288:Hotan County
4190:Wushi County
4185:Xinhe County
4165:Xayar County
4108:Fuhai County
4098:Fuyun County
4054:Yumin County
4008:Nilka County
4003:Tekes County
3905:Kumul / Hami
3714:(in Chinese)
3687:
3659:
3645:
3636:
3611:
3586:. Retrieved
3577:
3568:
3556:. Retrieved
3545:
3535:
3523:. Retrieved
3517:
3507:
3495:. Retrieved
3484:
3474:
3462:. Retrieved
3453:
3444:
3432:. Retrieved
3421:
3409:
3397:. Retrieved
3393:the original
3383:
3371:. Retrieved
3352:
3324:. Retrieved
3305:
3295:
3283:. Retrieved
3264:
3253:
3241:. Retrieved
3229:
3221:Bao, Yajun.
3216:
3182:. Retrieved
3165:The Guardian
3163:
3154:
3142:. Retrieved
3133:
3124:
3112:. Retrieved
3108:Asia Society
3106:
3080:25 September
3078:. Retrieved
3069:
3060:
3050:25 September
3048:. Retrieved
3024:
3012:. Retrieved
3001:
2992:
2980:. Retrieved
2969:
2960:
2948:. Retrieved
2937:
2927:
2915:. Retrieved
2904:
2895:
2883:. Retrieved
2872:
2863:
2851:. Retrieved
2840:
2816:. Retrieved
2805:
2795:
2783:. Retrieved
2772:
2747:. Retrieved
2736:
2726:
2714:. Retrieved
2703:
2693:
2656:
2650:
2644:
2632:. Retrieved
2626:. May 2003.
2582:
2570:. Retrieved
2534:. Retrieved
2530:the original
2491:
2464:. Retrieved
2451:
2441:
2429:. Retrieved
2423:
2413:
2401:. Retrieved
2390:
2381:
2354:
2349:(石河子大学) and
2344:
2248:
2245:Subsidiaries
2190:, including
2185:
2169:
2062:
2049:
2041:
2019:Demographics
2009:2010–present
1996:
1988:2010–present
1969:2010–present
1950:2010–present
1931:2003–present
1912:2003–present
1893:2002–present
1874:2002–present
1855:2002–present
1702:
1690:
1610:
1566:9th Division
1545:8th Division
1520:7th Division
1500:6th Division
1480:5th Division
1458:4th Division
1438:3rd Division
1418:2nd Division
1398:1st Division
1376:
1372:
1348:
1342:
1327:
1319:
1302:
1290:
1266:
1240:
1236:
1223:
1188:
1184:three forces
1181:
1165:
1141:
1126:
1103:
1095:Heilongjiang
1080:
1078:
1061:, currently
1051:
1047:assimilation
1024:
1018:
1010:paramilitary
1001:
994:
990:
986:
984:
917:
696:Former Liang
595:Latin Yëziqi
550:Hanyu Pinyin
483:Hanyu Pinyin
408:Hanyu Pinyin
341:Hanyu Pinyin
291:Chinese name
47:
35:
18:
5793:Ilham Tohti
5783:Wang Lequan
5539:Kizil Caves
5293:Tarim Basin
5133:Moghulistan
5113:Qara Khitai
5009:Han dynasty
4860:Jinyinchuan
4511:Akto County
4501:Akqi County
4462:Bohu County
4447:Yuli County
4383:Mori County
4343:Changji Hui
4334:prefectures
4175:Awat County
4160:Onsu County
4131:Prefectures
4059:Toli County
4049:Emin County
3918:Yiwu County
3688:Inner Asia,
3558:3 September
3326:16 November
2208:sugar beets
2188:agriculture
2083:Percentage
2076:Nationality
1699:Settlements
1609:the former
1579:Emin County
1343:ex officio.
1281:Entity List
1230:Nury Turkel
1039:three evils
812:Moghulistan
793:Qara Khitai
706:Later Liang
632:History of
567:Uyghur name
247:He Zhongyou
181:Nickname(s)
162:2.6 million
5943:Categories
5738:Jin Shuren
5544:Niya ruins
5462:Tunurkawab
4994:Tocharians
4798:Tiemenguan
4591:Tiemenguan
4407:Alashankou
4332:Autonomous
3948:Ili Kazakh
3497:19 January
3434:19 January
3373:12 January
3285:19 January
2950:3 December
2634:31 October
2572:12 October
2403:31 October
2361:References
2200:vegetables
2181:US$ 14,680
2080:Population
1864:Tiemenguan
1763:2002–2019
1431:Tiemenguan
1210:See also:
1137:Tao Zhiyue
1129:Mao Zedong
1118:Kuomintang
1104:After the
1073:See also:
1063:Ma Xingrui
1021:Mao Zedong
701:Former Qin
658:Tocharians
269:Tao Zhiyue
265:commanders
234:Ma Xingrui
222:Commanders
128:Allegiance
5844:Altishahr
5773:Nur Bekri
5758:Wang Zhen
5723:Yaqub Beg
5353:Education
5287:Dzungaria
5278:Tian Shan
5265:Geography
5185:Qing rule
4844:Wushishui
3363:0013-0613
3316:0362-4331
3275:0013-0613
3174:0261-3077
3114:2 October
2749:24 August
2716:23 August
2685:144549708
2663:: 65–90.
2093:2,204,500
1741:1953–1975
1725:Division
1693:9th Corps
1359:regiments
1355:divisions
1246:sanctions
1201:Sanctions
1133:Wang Zhen
846:Qing rule
841:Yettishar
461:The Corps
253:Commander
191:Divisions
42:talk page
5915:Category
5708:Amursana
5519:Gaochang
5452:Pamirdin
5138:Kara Del
5041:Göktürks
5036:Gaochang
4963:Xinjiang
4900:Mosuowan
4853:Approved
4834:Hongxing
4793:Shuanghe
4773:Huyanghe
4585:Shuanghe
4561:Huyanghe
3754:Xinjiang
3677:Archived
3670:Archived
3582:Archived
3552:Archived
3491:Archived
3458:Archived
3428:Archived
3389:"Source"
3367:Archived
3320:Archived
3279:Archived
3243:19 April
3234:Archived
3178:Archived
3144:6 August
3138:Archived
3074:Archived
3041:Archived
3014:30 March
3008:Archived
2976:Archived
2944:Archived
2917:6 August
2911:Archived
2885:6 August
2879:Archived
2847:Archived
2812:Archived
2779:Archived
2743:Archived
2710:Archived
2628:Archived
2590:Archived
2566:Archived
2536:22 April
2460:Archived
2397:Archived
2271:plastics
2212:tomatoes
2052:May 2022
1940:Huyanghe
1883:Shuanghe
1538:Huyanghe
1493:Shuanghe
1146:and the
995:Bingtuan
716:Gaochang
634:Xinjiang
623:a series
621:Part of
489:Bīngtuán
317:新疆生產建設兵團
303:新疆生产建设兵团
175:Xinjiang
73:新疆生产建设兵团
50:May 2022
5927:Commons
5827:Related
5713:Mingrui
5476:Economy
5447:Youtazi
5427:Dapanji
5419:Cuisine
5381:Culture
5053:Eastern
5049:Western
5004:Xiongnu
4986:History
4977:capital
4905:Tianger
4895:Qianhai
4890:Beiting
4870:Xiayedi
4865:Fangxin
4813:Xinxing
4808:Wujiaqu
4788:Shihezi
4778:Kokdala
4763:Baiyang
4751:Current
4670:Tibetan
4609:Xinxing
4603:Wujiaqu
4579:Shihezi
4567:Kokdala
4549:Baiyang
4351:Changji
4031:Tacheng
4023:Tacheng
3844:Karamay
3773:capital
3601:Sources
3588:22 June
3525:22 June
3464:22 June
3207::
3184:24 June
2982:23 June
2971:Reuters
2939:Reuters
2906:Reuters
2853:31 July
2818:31 July
2785:31 July
2677:2667477
2466:26 July
2431:27 July
2292:alcohol
2216:ketchup
2106:165,000
2042:updated
1998:Beiting
1978:Baiyang
1959:Xinxing
1902:Kokdala
1807:Wujiaqu
1769:Shihezi
1559:Shihezi
1554:Karamay
1533:Karamay
1513:Wujiaqu
1473:Kokdala
1386:Founded
1357:, then
1260:ethnic
1250:Uyghurs
1082:tuntian
1069:History
1026:tuntian
1004:, is a
820:Yarkent
767:Beiting
668:Xiongnu
580:
263:Notable
257:Xue Bin
199:Website
108:Country
80:
5979:Ürümqi
5778:Li Zhi
5701:People
5437:Sangza
5273:Cities
5057:Second
4999:Yuezhi
4973:Ürümqi
4965:topics
4921:Kuytun
4914:Former
4885:Nantun
4839:Yulong
4829:Wuxing
4803:Tumxuk
4768:Beitun
4745:cities
4700:Others
4695:Zhuang
4680:Uyghur
4665:Mongol
4655:Manchu
4650:Korean
4597:Tumxuk
4555:Beitun
4495:Artush
4357:Fukang
4043:Shawan
3972:Kuytun
3966:Korgas
3960:Yining
3877:Turpan
3791:Ürümqi
3769:Ürümqi
3757:Uyghur
3609:about
3399:2 July
3361:
3314:
3273:
3172:
2683:
2675:
2659:(44).
2329:cement
2232:, and
2230:grapes
2227:Turpan
2206:, and
2192:cotton
2156:18,100
2153:Others
2141:Mongol
2132:42,700
2128:Kazakh
2119:64,700
2102:Uyghur
1845:Beitun
1826:Tumxuk
1731:Kuytun
1644:Ürümqi
1639:Ürümqi
1619:Ürümqi
1599:Beitun
1451:Tumxuk
1351:Ürümqi
1287:Canada
1258:settle
1218:, and
1160:Yining
1057:(CCP)
816:Turpan
721:Rouran
663:Yuezhi
625:on the
573:Uyghur
526:中國新建集團
512:中国新建集团
227:First
173:&
171:Ürümqi
118:
100:Active
5457:Xurpa
5442:Samsa
5404:Muqam
5394:Music
5096:Qocho
5045:First
4880:Milan
4875:Tarim
4783:Kunyu
4675:Tujia
4573:Kunyu
4436:Korla
4282:Hotan
4082:Altay
4074:Altay
3519:Axios
3237:(PDF)
3226:(PDF)
3044:(PDF)
3033:(PDF)
2807:Axios
2681:S2CID
2673:JSTOR
2425:Axios
2307:paper
2223:pears
2220:Korla
2196:fruit
2145:6,200
2096:88.1
2012:12th
1972:13th
1934:14th
1921:Kunyu
1906:可克达拉市
1858:10th
1830:图木舒克市
1684:Kunyu
206:.xjbt
5055:and
4758:Aral
4660:Miao
4640:Dong
4611:city
4605:city
4599:city
4593:city
4587:city
4581:city
4575:city
4569:city
4563:city
4557:city
4551:city
4545:city
4543:Aral
4525:XPCC
4497:city
4438:city
4409:city
4403:city
4401:Bole
4359:city
4353:city
4284:city
4210:city
4156:city
4154:Kuqa
4150:city
4148:Aksu
4140:Aksu
4084:city
4045:city
4039:city
4033:city
3974:city
3968:city
3962:city
3590:2022
3560:2021
3527:2023
3499:2020
3466:2023
3436:2020
3401:2005
3375:2020
3359:ISSN
3328:2019
3312:ISSN
3287:2020
3271:ISSN
3245:2019
3186:2023
3170:ISSN
3146:2020
3116:2023
3082:2022
3052:2022
3016:2023
2984:2021
2952:2020
2919:2020
2887:2020
2855:2020
2820:2020
2787:2020
2751:2020
2718:2020
2636:2010
2574:2014
2538:2011
2468:2022
2433:2022
2405:2010
2234:wine
2159:0.7
2148:0.3
2135:1.7
2122:2.6
2109:6.6
2038:2017
1991:9th
1953:7th
1944:胡杨河市
1915:4th
1896:5th
1877:2nd
1868:铁门关市
1839:3rd
1820:6th
1811:五家渠市
1801:1st
1792:阿拉尔市
1788:Aral
1782:8th
1773:石河子市
1757:天北新区
1744:7th
1714:Name
1675:1982
1664:Hami
1659:Hami
1655:1982
1635:1982
1615:1953
1590:1959
1570:1962
1549:1953
1531:and
1524:1953
1504:1953
1484:1953
1462:1953
1442:1966
1422:1953
1411:Aral
1402:1953
1383:Name
1091:Qing
1089:and
1087:Tang
1008:and
991:XJBT
985:The
802:Yuan
763:West
384:新疆兵團
370:新疆兵团
208:.gov
184:XJBT
159:Size
145:Type
5432:Nan
4685:Yao
4645:Hui
4037:Usu
3752:of
2665:doi
2115:Hui
2089:Han
2006:TBD
2003:北亭市
1982:白杨市
1963:新星市
1925:昆玉市
1887:双河市
1849:北屯市
1735:奎屯市
1279:'s
1262:Han
1043:Han
210:.cn
204:www
5945::
5051:,
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