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289:. The ancient Yakima River is believed to have been there, flowing southward above the relatively flat basalt layers. As the layers compressed, the anticlines slowly rose. The river continued to follow its historic course, cutting downward through the basalt to maintain a relative level. This view is supported by the significant meanders found in the canyon today; when a river has
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The highest ridge through which the Yakima flows, the
Umtanum Ridge, rises to 983 meters (3225 feet) within 1 km of the river, which lies at about 470 meters (1542 feet) in elevation at the closest point. This unusual juxtaposition (rivers cutting through ridges rather than flowing
265:) running roughly east–west as a result of north–south compression. On its way to join the Columbia River, the Yakima River cuts from the Kittitas Valley southward through four major ridges formed by this compression: the Manastash Ridge, the Umtanum Ridge, the
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The great basalt flows of the
Columbia Basin and of the Ellensburg Formation, in some places over 5000 meters (17,000 feet) thick, have been
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Cataclysms on the
Columbia : a layman's guide to the features produced by the catastrophic Bretz floods in the Pacific Northwest
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202:") was once the main route between Ellensburg and Yakima. The old highway still runs close to the river through the canyon, with
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Photo showing roads parallel to the Yakima River as it discharges from the Yakima River Canyon outside of
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A view north from
Umtanum Ridge into the Yakima River Canyon from the west of the Yakima River.
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Channeled
Scabland of Eastern Washington:The Geologic Story of the Spokane Flood
613:
On the Trail of the Ice Age Floods: A Geological Guide to the Mid-Columbia Basin
213:
in 1980. The landmark is characterized by a series of steep-sided ridges in the
293:, they tend to be preserved in rock as the river eats into a rising anticline.
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Umtanum Ridge at the point where it bifurcates into north & south ridges
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Fly fishing from drift boat on the Yakima River in the Yakima River Canyon.
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The
Geological History of the Wenatchee Valley and Adjacent Vicinity
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Allen, John Eliot; Burns, Marjorie; Sargent, Sam C. (c. 1986).
688:. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington D.C. 1982. ISBN.
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through apparently more favorable routes) is an example of
450:"Landmark Highlights 2021 (U.S. National Park Service)"
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A view south from
Umtanum Ridge into the Yakima Canyon.
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which are cut through axially by the Yakima River. A
643:. Wenatchee, Washington: World Publishing Company.
133:
94:
82:
32:
659:
722:National Natural Landmarks in Washington (state)
575:Glacial Lake Missoula & its Humongous Floods
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632:The Channeled Scabland of the Columbia Plateau
209:The Umtanum Ridge Water Gap was designated a
27:Geologic feature in Washington, United States
8:
634:. Journal of Geology, v.31, p.617-649. ISBN.
536:. Portland, OR: Timber Press. p. 104.
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182:"), and is located between the cities of
732:Landforms of Kittitas County, Washington
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386:Umtanum Water Gap of the Yakima Canyon
737:Landforms of Yakima County, Washington
577:. Mountain Press Publishing Company.
558:. Mountain Press Publishing Company.
7:
695:Washington Road and Recreation Atlas
592:Babcock, Scott; Carson, Bob (2000).
237:". These anticlines are part of the
697:. Medford, Oregon: Benchmark Maps.
615:. Keokee Books; San Point, Idaho.
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658:Mueller, Ted and Marge (1997).
556:Roadside Geology of Washington
554:& Hyndman, Donald (1984).
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747:Valleys of Washington (state)
727:Geology of Washington (state)
639:Mason, Charles L. (c. 2006).
241:near the western edge of the
273:to reach the Yakima Valley.
594:Hiking Washington's Geology
433:A view from the north near
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196:Washington State Route 821
668:University of Idaho Press
662:Fire, Faults & Floods
611:Bjornstad, Bruce (2006).
504:"Umtanum Ridge Water Gap"
437:toward the Yakima Canyon.
211:National Natural Landmark
166:is a geologic feature in
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742:Water gaps of Washington
630:Bretz, J Harlen (1923).
164:Umtanum Ridge Water Gap
33:Umtanum Ridge Water Gap
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435:Ellensburg, Washington
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215:Columbia River basalt
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596:. The Mountaineers.
493:Pub:Benchmark (2002)
412:46.81056; -120.44444
375:46.85000; -120.54444
338:46.85750; -120.38333
198:(formerly numbered "
123:46.85000; -120.54444
573:Alt, David (2001).
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457:. Retrieved
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307:Coordinates
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267:Yakima Ridge
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223:Yakima River
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454:www.nps.gov
410: /
398:120°26′40″W
373: /
361:120°32′40″W
336: /
324:120°23′00″W
121: /
109:120°32′40″W
96:Coordinates
716:Categories
552:Alt, David
526:Literature
459:2022-06-10
425:References
395:46°48′38″N
358:46°51′00″N
321:46°51′27″N
269:, and the
259:anticlines
227:anticlines
184:Ellensburg
134:Designated
106:46°51′00″N
88:Washington
72:Washington
304:Location
297:Locations
263:synclines
219:water gap
291:meanders
229:named "
225:through
86:central
83:Location
508:nps.gov
233:" and "
170:in the
70:Map of
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255:folded
188:Yakima
178:(or "
90:state
74:state
699:ISBN
672:ISBN
645:ISBN
617:ISBN
598:ISBN
579:ISBN
560:ISBN
538:ISBN
194:.
186:and
137:1980
190:in
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482:^
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20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
