106:, Plekhanov formed a small faction within the Mensheviks known as "Party Mensheviks" (sometimes translated as "Pro-party Mensheviks"). He was critical of both the Bolsheviks and of most Mensheviks, whom he saw as concentrating on legal oppositionist work in Russia at the expense of revolutionary activities, using his newspaper,
181:
government, which they were normally irreconcilably opposed to, during a time of war. Plekhanov adopted a position on the extreme patriotic end of the social democratic opinion spectrum, known as "Defensism", supporting the
Russian government for the duration of the war. His approach was adopted by
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81:
theoretician and journalist who lived in exile in Europe from the early 1880s until 1917. Although he was revered by
Russian social democrats as the founding father of Russian Marxism, post-1900 he was gradually eclipsed within the RSDLP by younger leaders like
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and favored Russia's continued participation in the war. They were adamantly opposed to the anti-war
Bolsheviks and kept their distance from the Mensheviks, who were split on the issues of war and support for the Provisional Government.
133:'s supporters and ethnic social democratic groups on the other hand. Plekhanov and some other social democrats refused to join either side. With the split becoming deeper in 1913 (e.g. the social democratic faction in the
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refused to merge with the
Mensheviks at the latter's Unification Congress in August 1917, at which point the group effectively became an independent party. It fielded its own candidates in the
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452:
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in August 1903, Plekhanov first sided with Lenin, but in late 1903 he went over to the
Mensheviks. When the Bolsheviks and the Mensheviks further split in the wake of the
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The group was founded abroad, but its supporters became active in Russia proper as early as the spring of 1914 and published 4 issues of the newspaper
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218:. Plekhanov took over the newspaper upon his return to Russia on March 31, 1917 and editorial board members included Zasulich, Deutsch, and
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written between July 10 and July 16, 1914", Lenin's
Collected Works, Progress Publishers, 1976, Moscow, Volume 35, p.146, footnote 8,
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265:) in December 1917 (it lasted until January 1918), the party slowly declined in the early months of 1918. Plekhanov died of
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in May 1918 and the party was finally suppressed by the
Bolsheviks in June–July 1918 along with other socialist parties.
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222:. Although Plekhanov received a hero's welcome in Russia, the group remained small and its influence very limited.
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257:'s newspaper in November 1917. By that time Plekhanov was seriously ill and although the newspaper was resumed as
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split in
September 1913), those who didn't join either side began forming their own organizations, e.g. the
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became a legally functioning political group. On March 29, 1917, it resumed publication of its newspaper,
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In 1912 the RSDLP formally split into Lenin's supporters on the one hand and a coalition of
Mensheviks,
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group was formed in
November 1913. In early 1914, Plekhanov followed suit and formed his own group,
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65:(RSDLP) between 1914 and 1917 and then a small independent party in 1917 and 1918. It was led by
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in August 1914, Russian social democrats became split over the issue of supporting the
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and received 25,000 votes according to a partial count of 54 constiencies out of 74.
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The Constituent Assembly Elections and the Dictatorship of the Proletariat
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94:, and others. In the immediate aftermath of the split between Lenin's
398:, Volume 30, pages 253-275 Progress Publishers, 1965. Available
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350:, Cambridge University Press, 1992, paperback edition 2002,
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In the meantime, the Bolsheviks had seized power during the
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Revolution at the Gates: Zizek on Lenin, the 1917 Writings
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Martov: A Political Biography of a Russian Social Democrat
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Factions of the Russian Social Democratic Labour Party
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Factions of the Russian Social Democratic Labour Party
214:. This time it was a daily and was first edited by
20:. For the movement in the Lithuanian SSR, see
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8:
24:. For the movement in Ottoman Bulgaria, see
453:Political parties of the Russian Revolution
327:The Making of Three Russian Revolutionaries
348:Inessa Armand: Revolutionary and Feminist
16:For the contemporary Russian party, see
458:Political parties in the Russian Empire
414:, Verso, 2002, paperback edition 2004,
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149:), with his old friends and followers
443:Political parties established in 1917
63:Russian Social Democratic Labor Party
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7:
329:, Cambridge University Press, 1987,
304:, Cambridge University Press, 2003,
61:, "Unity") was a faction within the
448:Defunct socialist parties in Russia
463:Political party factions in Russia
77:Plekhanov was a prominent Russian
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242:elections on November 12, 1917
229:were staunch supporters of the
18:Unity (Russian political party)
231:Russian Provisional Government
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468:1917 establishments in Russia
240:Russian Constituent Assembly
367:See V.I. Lenin. "Letter to
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112:Diary of a Social Democrat
104:Russian Revolution of 1905
15:
40:
108:Dnevnik sotsialdemokrata
194:After the fall of the
165:in May and June 1914.
173:With the outbreak of
50:[jɪˈdʲinstvə]
22:Yedinstvo (Lithuania)
200:February Revolution
422:, p.60, footnote 3
378:2006-09-19 at the
346:See R. C. Elwood.
323:Leopold H. Haimson
251:October Revolution
220:Grigory Aleksinsky
92:Alexander Bogdanov
394:, December 1919,
390:See V. I. Lenin.
216:Nikolai Iordansky
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373:available online
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338:
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300:Israel Getzler.
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253:and closed down
182:the rest of the
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122:Creation of
116:bully pulpit
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198:during the
175:World War I
169:World War I
155:Leo Deutsch
432:Categories
135:State Duma
100:Mensheviks
96:Bolsheviks
73:Background
263:Our Unity
255:Yedinstvo
236:Yedinstvo
227:Yedinstvo
212:Petrograd
208:Yedinstvo
204:Yedinstvo
184:Yedinstvo
159:Yedinstvo
143:Yedinstvo
124:Yedinstvo
32:Yedinstvo
376:Archived
358:, p.132.
312:, p.134.
277:See also
202:of 1917
41:Единство
36:Edinstvo
271:Finland
179:Tsarist
79:Marxist
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400:online
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114:), as
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210:, in
147:Unity
416:ISBN
352:ISBN
331:ISBN
321:See
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244:O.S.
153:and
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269:in
161:in
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