241:
86:
42:
61:
446:
The yelkouan shearwaters is 30–35 cm (12–14 in) in length and has a wingspan of 70–84 cm (28–33 in). It has the typically "shearing" flight of the genus, dipping from side to side on stiff wings with few wingbeats, the wingtips almost touching the water. This bird looks like a
542:
The study of the
Menorcan colony concluded that at least in these westernmost birds, genetic variation was extremely low, suggesting that the yelkouan shearwater may have suffered a marked population decline historically and thus, while not
447:
flying cross, with its wing held at right angles to the body, and it changes from very dark brown to white as the dark upperparts and paler undersides are alternately exposed as it travels low over the sea.
795:
Heidrich, P.; Amengual, J.; Wink, M. (1998). "Phylogenetic relationships in
Mediterranean and North Atlantic shearwaters (Aves: Procellariidae) based on nucleotide sequences of mtDNA".
1033:
Bonnaud, E.; Berger, G.; Bourgeois, K.; Legrand, J.; Vidal, E. (2012). "Predation by cats could lead to the extinction of the
Mediterranean endemic Yelkouan Shearwater
988:
Genovart, M.; Juste, J.; Oro, D. (2005). "Two sibling species sympatrically breeding: a new conservation concern for the critically endangered
Balearic shearwater".
1359:
1424:
450:
It is silent at sea, but at night the breeding colonies are alive with raucous cackling calls, higher pitched and more drawn out than the Manx shearwater's.
1530:
1333:
1385:
515:
This is a gregarious species, which can be seen in large numbers from boats or headlands, especially in autumn. The yelkouan shearwater feeds on
1555:
457:
with which its winter range overlaps, since the latter species is brown above and dirty white below. It is very similar to the black-and-white
1450:
969:
713:
705:
701:
240:
531:
It is under some threat from the development of holiday resorts near its breeding sites, and also from animals such as rats and cats. On
1540:
1143:
1550:
1489:
424:(c. 2 million years ago), as indicated by molecular differences and the putative direct ancestor of the Balearic shearwater, the
857:
Ferrer Obiol, J.; James, H.F.; Chesser, R.T.; Bretagnolle, V.; González-SolĂs, J.; Rozas, J.; Welch, A.J.; Riutort, M. (2022).
1545:
1390:
1411:
390:
study published in 2021 found very little genetic difference between the yelkouan shearwater and the
Balearic shearwater (
1162:
The EU LIFE Yelkouan
Shearwater project - a project with the aim of increasing Malta's population of yelkouan shearwaters
1124:
1082:
535:, one of its major breeding locations, cats kill thousands of birds each year and it is estimated that this may lead to
394:). The authors of the study suggested that these two taxa might be better considered as subspecies of the same species.
1372:
1258:
1161:
759:
638:
Ornithologie, ou, MĂ©thode
Contenant la Division des Oiseaux en Ordres, Sections, Genres, Especes & leurs Variétés
1312:
662:
1429:
1325:
85:
633:
333:
830:
Sangster, G.; Knox, A.G.; Helbig, A.J.; Parkin, D.T. (2002). "Taxonomic recommendations for
European birds".
1224:
1245:
1172:
1120:
387:
1263:
1210:
461:
of the
Atlantic, and stray birds out of their usual range are very difficult to identify with certainty.
1463:
180:
611:
476:
data should be required at least for scientific purposes to assign individual birds to either species.
1494:
1237:
870:
804:
469:
409:
859:"Palaeoceanographic changes in the late Pliocene promoted rapid diversification in pelagic seabirds"
562:. But new research has shown it to be rarer than it was believed. Consequently, it was uplisted to
454:
380:
368:
299:
50:
738:. Vol. 1 (2nd ed.). Cambridge, Massachusetts: Museum of Comparative Zoology. p. 96.
1481:
1115:
1107:
Alcover, Josep Antoni (2001): Nous avenços en el coneixement dels ocells fòssils de les
Balears.
1015:
567:
206:
80:
65:
1468:
464:
Also, at least one mixed breeding colony of the yelkouan and the Balearic shearwaters exists on
348:
is the Turkish word "wind chaser" for a shearwater. The yelkouan shearwater is considered to be
1364:
1535:
1403:
1281:
1139:
965:
933:
709:
137:
41:
1046:
1005:
997:
925:
888:
878:
839:
812:
666:
606:
536:
532:
430:
1250:
1437:
1156:
563:
458:
413:
371:
of the so-called "Mediterranean shearwater" for nearly ten more years; it is considered a
364:
303:
283:
197:
588:
874:
808:
1320:
1307:
1130:
493:
489:
275:
147:
816:
1524:
1398:
1050:
843:
597:
555:
485:
420:. The two living Mediterranean lineages had probably separated before the end of the
320:
70:
1019:
733:
484:
Yelkouan shearwaters breed on islands and coastal cliffs in the eastern and central
1507:
1286:
473:
397:
The yelkouan shearwater appears to belong to a group of Mediterranean and adjacent
17:
1273:
1476:
1416:
1346:
1204:
645:
641:
547:
judging from its absolute numbers, it could be vulnerable to adverse effects of
505:
435:
315:
1502:
1001:
729:
670:
548:
544:
402:
360:
353:
279:
267:
1195:
372:
349:
341:
307:
97:
1377:
929:
937:
1189:
421:
398:
328:
157:
117:
1442:
1338:
1232:
1010:
893:
520:
465:
417:
405:
271:
883:
858:
1219:
107:
1351:
1299:
1166:
416:
as well as an undescribed population of uncertain distinctness from
401:
shearwaters which includes the Balearic shearwater and one to three
1294:
1157:
Article about the EU LIFE yelkouan shearwater conservation project
453:
The yelkouan shearwater has a more contrasted appearance than the
425:
311:
239:
1455:
912:
shearwaters: Preliminary evidence from mitochondrial cytochrome
559:
516:
509:
127:
1170:
960:
Svensson, Lars; Mullarney, Killian; Zetterström, Dan (2009).
508:
which are only visited at night to avoid predation by large
468:. A study of these birds recommended that a combination of
760:"Genetic evidence for speciation of the Manx shearwater (
523:. It follows fishing ships when offal is being thrown.
908:
Austin, Jeremy J. (1996). "Molecular Phylogenetics of
326:. The yelkouan shearwater is now placed in the genus
640:(in French and Latin). Paris: Jean-Baptiste Bauche.
1179:
1135:
Distribution and taxonomy of the birds of the world
964:(2nd ed.). London: HarperCollins. p. 70.
612:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2018-2.RLTS.T22698230A132637221.en
488:. Most winter in that sea, but small numbers
8:
698:The Helm Dictionary of Scientific Bird Names
344:based on the English "puffin". The specific
983:
981:
758:Wink, M.; Heidrich, P.; Ristow, D. (1993).
554:It was formerly classified as a species of
1167:
790:
788:
310:, Turkey. He placed the shearwater in the
59:
40:
31:
1009:
892:
882:
610:
1137:. Yale University Press, New Haven, CT.
579:
332:was introduced by the French zoologist
1125:[2008 IUCN Redlist status changes]
918:Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution
732:; Cottrell, G. William, eds. (1979).
700:. London: Christopher Helm. pp.
677:. International Ornithologists' Union
657:
655:
7:
1326:865033e8-d1fb-4125-bb82-5614c85e6608
764:) and the Mediterranean Shearwater (
367:. After the first split, it was the
797:Biochemical Systematics and Ecology
598:IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
1133:& Monroe, Burt L. Jr. (1990):
375:species now, as the Balearic form
302:in 1827 by the Italian naturalist
25:
1109:Anuari Ornitològic de les Balears
1531:IUCN Red List vulnerable species
1083:"Recently recategorised species"
1051:10.1111/j.1474-919X.2012.01228.x
844:10.1046/j.0019-1019.2001.00026.x
735:Check-List of Birds of the World
675:IOC World Bird List Version 12.1
434:from the Late Pliocene or Early
306:from specimens collected in the
84:
1085:. BirdLife International (2012)
587:BirdLife International (2018).
278:. It was formerly treated as a
244:Egg of the yelkouan shearwater
1:
1556:Taxa named by Giuseppe Acerbi
817:10.1016/S0305-1978(97)00085-9
359:It was formerly considered a
298:The yelkouan shearwater was
1037:at a major breeding site".
1572:
748:Sibley & Monroe (1990)
696:Jobling, James A. (2010).
379:has been separated as the
229:Puffinus yelkouan yelkouan
222:Puffinus puffinus yelkouan
1002:10.1007/s10592-005-9010-z
634:Brisson, Mathurin Jacques
605:: e.T22698230A132637221.
212:
205:
186:
179:
81:Scientific classification
79:
57:
48:
39:
34:
1541:Birds of Southern Europe
1127:. Retrieved 2008-MAY-23.
480:Distribution and habitat
336:in 1760. The genus name
334:Mathurin Jacques Brisson
258:Mediterranean shearwater
1551:Birds described in 1827
863:Journal of Biogeography
669:, eds. (January 2022).
527:Status and conservation
1121:BirdLife International
930:10.1006/mpev.1996.0060
671:"Petrels, albatrosses"
504:This species nests in
388:molecular phylogenetic
245:
1546:Birds of North Africa
1464:Paleobiology Database
990:Conservation Genetics
500:Behaviour and ecology
392:Puffinus mauretanicus
243:
1321:Fauna Europaea (new)
1131:Sibley, Charles Gald
566:status in 2008 and
539:in several decades.
472:characteristics and
324:Procellaria yelkouan
266:) is a medium-sized
254:Levantine shearwater
215:Procellaria yelkouan
35:Yelkouan shearwater
875:2022JBiog..49..171F
809:1998BioSE..26..145H
646:Vol. 6, pp. 129-130
455:Balearic shearwater
381:Balearic shearwater
369:nominate subspecies
250:yelkouan shearwater
51:Conservation status
18:Yelkouan Shearwater
962:Collins Bird Guide
665:; Donsker, David;
412:and possibly also
300:formally described
246:
1518:
1517:
1508:Puffinus-yelkouan
1225:puffinus-yelkouan
1211:Puffinus yelkouan
1181:Puffinus yelkouan
1173:Taxon identifiers
1146:
1035:Puffinus yelkouan
971:978-0-00-726814-6
916:gene sequences".
884:10.1111/jbi.14291
762:Puffinus puffinus
715:978-1-4081-2501-4
667:Rasmussen, Pamela
591:Puffinus yelkouan
288:Puffinus puffinus
263:Puffinus yelkouan
238:
237:
233:
226:
219:
190:Puffinus yelkouan
138:Procellariiformes
74:
16:(Redirected from
1563:
1511:
1510:
1498:
1497:
1485:
1484:
1472:
1471:
1459:
1458:
1446:
1445:
1433:
1432:
1420:
1419:
1417:NHMSYS0000533731
1407:
1406:
1394:
1393:
1381:
1380:
1368:
1367:
1355:
1354:
1342:
1341:
1329:
1328:
1316:
1315:
1303:
1302:
1290:
1289:
1277:
1276:
1267:
1266:
1254:
1253:
1241:
1240:
1238:FD97EC1E6EB57033
1228:
1227:
1215:
1214:
1213:
1200:
1199:
1198:
1168:
1138:
1095:
1094:
1092:
1090:
1079:
1073:
1070:
1064:
1061:
1055:
1054:
1030:
1024:
1023:
1013:
985:
976:
975:
957:
951:
948:
942:
941:
905:
899:
898:
896:
886:
854:
848:
847:
827:
821:
820:
792:
783:
782:
772:
755:
749:
746:
740:
739:
726:
720:
719:
693:
687:
686:
684:
682:
659:
650:
649:
630:
624:
623:
621:
619:
614:
584:
537:local extinction
533:Le Levant Island
496:in late summer.
431:Puffinus nestori
356:are recognised.
231:
224:
217:
192:
172:P. yelkouan
89:
88:
68:
63:
62:
44:
32:
21:
1571:
1570:
1566:
1565:
1564:
1562:
1561:
1560:
1521:
1520:
1519:
1514:
1506:
1501:
1493:
1488:
1480:
1475:
1467:
1462:
1454:
1449:
1441:
1438:Observation.org
1436:
1428:
1423:
1415:
1410:
1402:
1397:
1389:
1384:
1376:
1371:
1363:
1358:
1350:
1345:
1337:
1332:
1324:
1319:
1311:
1306:
1298:
1293:
1285:
1280:
1272:
1270:
1262:
1257:
1249:
1244:
1236:
1231:
1223:
1218:
1209:
1208:
1203:
1194:
1193:
1188:
1175:
1153:
1104:
1099:
1098:
1088:
1086:
1081:
1080:
1076:
1071:
1067:
1062:
1058:
1032:
1031:
1027:
987:
986:
979:
972:
959:
958:
954:
949:
945:
907:
906:
902:
856:
855:
851:
829:
828:
824:
794:
793:
786:
770:
757:
756:
752:
747:
743:
728:
727:
723:
716:
695:
694:
690:
680:
678:
661:
660:
653:
632:
631:
627:
617:
615:
586:
585:
581:
576:
564:near threatened
529:
502:
482:
459:Manx shearwater
444:
414:lava shearwater
403:prehistorically
365:Manx shearwater
319:and coined the
304:Giuseppe Acerbi
296:
284:Manx shearwater
227:
220:
201:
194:
188:
175:
83:
75:
64:
60:
53:
28:
27:Species of bird
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
1569:
1567:
1559:
1558:
1553:
1548:
1543:
1538:
1533:
1523:
1522:
1516:
1515:
1513:
1512:
1499:
1486:
1473:
1460:
1447:
1434:
1421:
1408:
1395:
1382:
1369:
1356:
1343:
1330:
1317:
1308:Fauna Europaea
1304:
1291:
1278:
1268:
1255:
1242:
1229:
1216:
1201:
1185:
1183:
1177:
1176:
1171:
1165:
1164:
1159:
1152:
1151:External links
1149:
1148:
1147:
1128:
1123:(BLI) (2008):
1118:
1103:
1100:
1097:
1096:
1074:
1065:
1056:
1045:(3): 566–577.
1025:
996:(4): 601–606.
977:
970:
952:
950:Alcover (2001)
943:
900:
869:(1): 171–188.
849:
838:(1): 153–159.
822:
803:(2): 145–170.
784:
750:
741:
721:
714:
688:
651:
625:
578:
577:
575:
572:
528:
525:
501:
498:
481:
478:
443:
440:
295:
292:
276:Procellariidae
236:
235:
232:(Acerbi, 1827)
225:(Acerbi, 1827)
210:
209:
203:
202:
195:
184:
183:
177:
176:
169:
167:
163:
162:
155:
151:
150:
148:Procellariidae
145:
141:
140:
135:
131:
130:
125:
121:
120:
115:
111:
110:
105:
101:
100:
95:
91:
90:
77:
76:
58:
55:
54:
49:
46:
45:
37:
36:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1568:
1557:
1554:
1552:
1549:
1547:
1544:
1542:
1539:
1537:
1534:
1532:
1529:
1528:
1526:
1509:
1504:
1500:
1496:
1491:
1487:
1483:
1478:
1474:
1470:
1465:
1461:
1457:
1452:
1448:
1444:
1439:
1435:
1431:
1426:
1422:
1418:
1413:
1409:
1405:
1400:
1396:
1392:
1387:
1383:
1379:
1374:
1370:
1366:
1361:
1357:
1353:
1348:
1344:
1340:
1335:
1331:
1327:
1322:
1318:
1314:
1309:
1305:
1301:
1296:
1292:
1288:
1283:
1279:
1275:
1269:
1265:
1260:
1256:
1252:
1247:
1243:
1239:
1234:
1230:
1226:
1221:
1217:
1212:
1206:
1202:
1197:
1191:
1187:
1186:
1184:
1182:
1178:
1174:
1169:
1163:
1160:
1158:
1155:
1154:
1150:
1145:
1144:0-300-04969-2
1141:
1136:
1132:
1129:
1126:
1122:
1119:
1117:
1113:
1110:
1106:
1105:
1101:
1084:
1078:
1075:
1069:
1066:
1060:
1057:
1052:
1048:
1044:
1040:
1036:
1029:
1026:
1021:
1017:
1012:
1007:
1003:
999:
995:
991:
984:
982:
978:
973:
967:
963:
956:
953:
947:
944:
939:
935:
931:
927:
923:
919:
915:
911:
904:
901:
895:
890:
885:
880:
876:
872:
868:
864:
860:
853:
850:
845:
841:
837:
833:
826:
823:
818:
814:
810:
806:
802:
798:
791:
789:
785:
781:(6): 226–232.
780:
776:
775:Die Vogelwelt
769:
767:
763:
754:
751:
745:
742:
737:
736:
731:
725:
722:
717:
711:
707:
703:
699:
692:
689:
676:
672:
668:
664:
658:
656:
652:
647:
643:
642:Vol. 1, p. 56
639:
635:
629:
626:
613:
608:
604:
600:
599:
594:
592:
583:
580:
573:
571:
569:
565:
561:
557:
556:least concern
552:
550:
546:
540:
538:
534:
526:
524:
522:
518:
513:
511:
507:
499:
497:
495:
491:
487:
486:Mediterranean
479:
477:
475:
471:
470:morphological
467:
462:
460:
456:
451:
448:
441:
439:
437:
433:
432:
427:
423:
419:
415:
411:
407:
404:
400:
395:
393:
389:
384:
382:
378:
374:
370:
366:
362:
357:
355:
351:
347:
343:
339:
335:
331:
330:
325:
322:
321:binomial name
318:
317:
313:
309:
305:
301:
293:
291:
289:
285:
281:
277:
273:
269:
265:
264:
259:
255:
251:
242:
234:
230:
223:
216:
211:
208:
204:
199:
193:
191:
185:
182:
181:Binomial name
178:
174:
173:
168:
165:
164:
161:
160:
156:
153:
152:
149:
146:
143:
142:
139:
136:
133:
132:
129:
126:
123:
122:
119:
116:
113:
112:
109:
106:
103:
102:
99:
96:
93:
92:
87:
82:
78:
72:
67:
56:
52:
47:
43:
38:
33:
30:
19:
1180:
1134:
1116:PDF fulltext
1111:
1108:
1087:. Retrieved
1077:
1068:
1059:
1042:
1038:
1034:
1028:
993:
989:
961:
955:
946:
924:(1): 77–88.
921:
917:
913:
909:
903:
866:
862:
852:
835:
831:
825:
800:
796:
778:
774:
765:
761:
753:
744:
734:
724:
697:
691:
679:. Retrieved
674:
637:
628:
616:. Retrieved
602:
596:
590:
582:
553:
541:
530:
514:
503:
483:
474:DNA sequence
463:
452:
449:
445:
429:
396:
391:
385:
377:mauretanicus
376:
358:
345:
337:
327:
323:
314:
297:
287:
262:
261:
257:
253:
249:
247:
228:
221:
218:Acerbi, 1827
214:
213:
189:
187:
171:
170:
158:
29:
1477:SeaLifeBase
1347:iNaturalist
1205:Wikispecies
1011:10261/49223
894:2445/193747
766:P. yelkouan
730:Mayr, Ernst
681:28 February
663:Gill, Frank
618:12 November
442:Description
436:Pleistocene
316:Procellaria
1525:Categories
1503:Xeno-canto
1072:BLI (2008)
1063:BLI (2004)
574:References
568:vulnerable
549:inbreeding
545:threatened
361:subspecies
354:subspecies
280:subspecies
268:shearwater
66:Vulnerable
1114:: 3-13.
570:in 2012.
373:monotypic
350:monotypic
342:Neo-Latin
308:Bosphorus
166:Species:
104:Kingdom:
98:Eukaryota
1536:Puffinus
1404:22698230
1365:10902967
1251:22698230
1246:BirdLife
1190:Wikidata
1020:38540032
910:Puffinus
636:(1760).
521:molluscs
494:Atlantic
422:Pliocene
399:Atlantic
346:yelkouan
338:Puffinus
329:Puffinus
294:Taxonomy
207:Synonyms
159:Puffinus
144:Family:
118:Chordata
114:Phylum:
108:Animalia
94:Domain:
71:IUCN 3.1
1339:5229377
1300:levshe1
1274:levshe1
1233:Avibase
1196:Q511566
1102:Sources
1089:14 June
938:8812308
871:Bibcode
805:Bibcode
558:by the
506:burrows
466:Menorca
428:fossil
418:Menorca
406:extinct
363:of the
282:of the
274:family
272:seabird
270:in the
200:, 1827)
154:Genus:
134:Order:
124:Class:
69: (
1495:137204
1469:428669
1456:137204
1391:562599
1264:112704
1220:ARKive
1142:
1018:
968:
936:
712:
426:Ibizan
410:Hole's
408:taxa,
198:Acerbi
1490:WoRMS
1482:81941
1430:48685
1378:67421
1360:IRMNG
1313:96594
1295:eBird
1287:4QFY7
1271:BOW:
1016:S2CID
771:(PDF)
510:gulls
490:enter
352:: no
312:genus
1451:OBIS
1443:1616
1425:NCBI
1399:IUCN
1386:ITIS
1352:4109
1334:GBIF
1259:BOLD
1140:ISBN
1091:2012
1039:Ibis
966:ISBN
934:PMID
832:Ibis
710:ISBN
683:2022
620:2021
603:2018
560:IUCN
519:and
517:fish
492:the
248:The
128:Aves
1412:NBN
1373:ISC
1282:CoL
1047:doi
1043:154
1006:hdl
998:doi
926:doi
889:hdl
879:doi
840:doi
836:144
813:doi
779:114
706:412
702:323
607:doi
340:is
290:).
256:or
1527::
1505::
1492::
1479::
1466::
1453::
1440::
1427::
1414::
1401::
1388::
1375::
1362::
1349::
1336::
1323::
1310::
1297::
1284::
1261::
1248::
1235::
1222::
1207::
1192::
1112:16
1041:.
1014:.
1004:.
992:.
980:^
932:.
920:.
887:.
877:.
867:49
865:.
861:.
834:.
811:.
801:26
799:.
787:^
777:.
773:.
768:)"
708:.
704:,
673:.
654:^
644:,
601:.
595:.
551:.
512:.
438:.
386:A
383:.
252:,
1093:.
1053:.
1049::
1022:.
1008::
1000::
994:6
974:.
940:.
928::
922:6
914:b
897:.
891::
881::
873::
846:.
842::
819:.
815::
807::
718:.
685:.
648:.
622:.
609::
593:"
589:"
286:(
260:(
196:(
73:)
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
